Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OWJ100101 WCDMA
Radio Network Coverage
Planning
ISSUE1.0
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Importance:
The construction cost of the mobile
communications network mainly lies in the
equipment investment.
Among the three parts of the 3G network
(radio access network, transmission network,
and core network), the radio access network
occupies more than 70% investment.
The investment in the radio access network
depends on the number and configuration of
the BSs.
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f2
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f3
f1
f3
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f2
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f2
f3
f1
f1
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f3
f1
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f1
f1
f1
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f1
f1
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Output
Coverage information
System scale
Coverage area
Coverage probability
Capacity information
Site quantity
Coverage dimensioning
System configuration
Traffic model
Sector structure
Service model
Carrier quantity
Subscriber density
Quality information
QoS requirement
Capacity dimensioning
Site cost
Equipment cost
GoS requirement
Demodulation threshold
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Wireless network
pre-planning
report
Yes
Search
Rings
Output Search
Site list
Noise test
Site survey
2G2Gsite?
Site survey
report
Rings
Site selection
No
NewSite)?
NewSite
Yes
N
N
Obtain
candidate sites
No
Site conditions
determined?
No
Site survey
No
System
emulation
Yes
Design
objective
met?
Noise test
Wireless network
planning report
Site
requirement
met?
Yes
Yes
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Static simulation
Static simulation would gain the
performance of radio network based
on snapshot
Dynamic simulation
Dynamic simulation would gain the
performance of radio network based
on analysis of mobile subscribers.
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100% 20%
0%
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
75%
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60% 100%
60%
40%
Distribution of NodeBs
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CapacityCoverageQuality
Relation between capacity, coverage, and quality of the WCDMA
system
The WCDMA system is a self-interference system, and its
capacity, coverage, and quality closely related to each other.
Capacitycoverage (e.g. cell breath)
If the load increases, the capacity and interference also
interference, and the coverage shrinks.
Capacityquality (e.g. outer loop power control)
The system capacity may increase by lowering the quality of
some connections.
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Calculate
Calculate site
site area
area
Equipment performance
Maximum site
coverage area
Specify
Specify site
site quantity
quantity
of
of the
the area
area
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Fundamental Principle
NodeB
TX
Ga_BS
Pout_BS
Lf_BS
Lc_BS
Combiner
Duplexer
Feeder
_
PL
DL
L
_U
PL
RX
Ga_UE
UE
Fading
Margin
Pout_UE
TX
Combiner
Duplexer
Body Loss
Penetration
Loss
RX
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Algorithm Introduction
Uplink (reverse)
PL_UL=Pout_UE +Ga_BS+Ga_UE Lf_BS+Ga_SHO Mpc Mf
MI Lp Lb S_BS
PL_UL: Maximum propagation loss of the Uplink
Pout_UE: Maximum transmit power of the traffic channel of the UE
Lf_BS: Cable loss
Ga_BS: Antenna gain of the BS; Ga_UE: Antenna gain of the MS
Ga_SHO: Gain of soft handover
Mpc: Margin for fast power control
Mf: Slow fading margin (related to the propagation environment)
MI: Interference margin (related to the designed system capacity)
Lp: Penetration loss of a building (used if indoor coverage is required)
Lb: Body loss
S_BS: Sensitivity of BS receiver (related to factors such as service and
multi-path condition)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Body Loss
Gain of UE Tx Antenna
EIRP
Gain of BS Rx Antenna
Penetration Loss
Cable Loss
Sensitivity of BS Receiver
UL Cell Load
Interference Margin
Background Noise Level
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Tolerance
+33dBm
+1/-3dB
+27dBm
+1/-3dB
+24dBm
+1/-3dB
+21dBm
+2/-2dB
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Frequency range
Kathrein 741790
1710~2170MHz (dual
band for DCS and
UMTS)
Frequency range
1920~2170MHz
Polarization
Vertical
Polarization
+45, -45
Gain
11dBi
Gain
18.5dBi
HPBW
Vertical: 7
Horizontal: 63
Electrical tilt
Fixed, 0
dimensioning (Height)
1387 mm
Weight
5kg
HPBW (1920~2170MHz)
Vertical:6.5
Electrical tilt
Fixed, 2
>14dB
>30dB
1302 mm / 155 mm / 69
mm
Weight
6.6kg
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Tilt adjuster
Antenna
Lower jumper
Connector
Bracket
Upper jumper
Feeder
Upper jumper
Feeder
Etc.
Lightning arrester
Feeder fixing clip
Lower jumper
Feeder grounding clip
Feeder window
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NF = SNRi / SNRo
= (Si / Ni) / (So / No)
Thermal noise of receiver (unit bandwidth):
PN = KTBWNF
= -174 (dBm/Hz) + 10lg(3.84MHz / 1Hz) + NF(dB)
= -108 (dBm/3.84MHz) + NF (dB)
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SF_M ( x, ) := pnorm( x, 0 , )
1
0.9
0.8
0.06
0.7
SF( x, 8)
SF_M ( x, 8)
SF( x, 12)
0.6
0.3
0.02
0.2
0.1
30
20
10
10
20
30
20
16
12
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12
16
20
UL = (1 + i ) L j = (1 + i )
(EbvsNo )
R jv j
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1
N
1 Lj
1
1 UL
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Fundamental Principle
NodeB
TX
Ga_BS
Pout_BS
Lf_BS
Lc_BS
Combiner
Duplexer
Feeder
_
PL
DL
L
_U
PL
RX
Ga_UE
UE
Fading
Margin
Pout_UE
TX
Combiner
Duplexer
Body Loss
Penetration
Loss
RX
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Algorithm
Downlink (forward)
PL_DL=Pout_BS Lf_BS+Ga_BS+Ga_UE +Ga_SHO Mpc Mf MI Lp
Lb S_UE
PL_DL: Maximum propagation loss of the downlink
Pout_UE: Maximum transmit power of the traffic channel of the BS
Lf_BS: Cable loss
Ga_BS: Antenna gain of the BS; Ga_UE: Antenna gain of the MS
Ga_SHO: Gain of soft handover
Mpc: Margin for fast power control
Mf: Slow fading margin (related to the propagation environment)
MI: Interference margin (related to the designed system capacity)
Lp: Penetration loss of a building (used if indoor coverage is required)
Lb: Body loss
S_UE: Sensitivity of UE receiver (related to factors such as service and
multi-path condition)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Sensitivity of UE Receiver
DL Cell Loading
Interference Margin
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DL = (1 j + i j ) (EbvsNo ) j
vj
W
Rj
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( j) =
I total
=
PN
PT
(1 j )
+ PT
PL j
n =1
1
+ PN
PL j , n
PN
N PL
The Jdownlink load factor is:
j ,own
(
)
E
/
N
V
R
b
o j
j
j
f
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TMA
A TMA locate the position
under the antenna
A TMA is Low noise amplifier
A TMA helps to improve the
uplink receive sensitivity and
enhances the uplink coverage
A TMA usually has 0.7dB loss
in the downlink.
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Noise Figure
Gain
TMA
1.45
12
2.433
-2.433
NodeB
2.2
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2RxDiv> 4RxDiv
Reduce the requirement of
Eb/No
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Area
Channel
Eb/No improvement
Capacity-based
gain
Coverage-based
gain
High-density
urban area
TU3
2.4
1.73
1.37
Common urban
area
TU3
2.4
1.73
1.37
Suburb
RA120
2.5
1.77
1.39
Rural area
RA120
2.5
1.77
1.39
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Thank You
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