Base Loading with Utility

PARALLELING APPLICATION GUIDE

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SCOPE
The purpose of this document is to dene a specic paralleling scenario - paralleling MTU Onsite Energy
generator sets with a utility power source. Additionally, this document is intended to expand on how MTU Onsite
Energy can support this paralleling scenario with simple, integrated solutions.
DEFINITION(S)
Base Loading with Utility Operation
Base loading refers to the application of the system. Base loading refers to a system in which the generator set
will parallel to a utility power source. The amount of power exported to utility can be determined by a percentage
of the generator set rating.
ABBREVIATED SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
1. A generator set base loading request is made by the customer.
1.1 The customer initiates a start request to the generator set.
1.2 The generator set starts and builds rated voltage and frequency.
1.3 The generator set synchronizes and closes to the utility power source.
1.4 The generator set begins to ramp on resistive and reactive load until the DGC-2020 appointed
percentage of load is reached.
1.5 Regardless of uctuations in the utility power source, the generator set will constantly adjust to maintain
the correct percentage of load.
2. The generator set base loading request is terminated by the customer.
2.1 The customer removes the start request from the generator set.
2.2 The generator set sheds load until it is producing very little power.
2.3 After unloading, the generator set opens its circuit breaker and disconnects from the utility power
source.
2.4 The generator set enters a DGC-2020 controller-appointed cool-down period.
2.5 The generator set stops, returns to standby, and awaits the next start request.
SYSTEM OPERATION
Real power load sharing
Reactive power load sharing
PARALLELING CONTROLS, EQUIPMENT, AND INTERFACING (SUPPLIED BY MTU ONSITE ENERGY)
DGC-2020 controller (automatic synchronization)
Meter current transformers (CTs) and potential transformer (PT) (as needed)
LSM-2020 load sharing module
Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG)
- DVR2000E(+) digital voltage regulator (standard)
- DVR2000EC digital voltage regulator (optional)
Motor-operated generator circuit breaker (may or may not be mounted to the generator set)*
- Shunt trip
- Shunt close
- Auxiliary switch (breaker position)
- Motorized spring charger
*If a circuit breaker is selected, MTU Onsite Energy will supply a motor-operated breaker of the indicated
configuration.
Base Loading with Utility
PARALLELING APPLICATION GUIDE
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ADDITIONAL PARALLELING CONTROLS, EQUIPMENT, AND INTERFACING (SUPPLIED BY THIRD PARTY)
Paralleling switchgear, circuit breakers, and/or disconnects
Paralleling bus and cabling
External start signal source and connection to generator set
Utility bus sensing connection to generator set
PROGRAMMING AND LOGIC
Basic programming and logic will be provided to start, synchronize, and base load with the utility power
source.
Site programming and system tuning are required by the customer for proper onsite operation.
OTHER SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS
For generator sets used in non-emergency applications within EPA regulated areas, Tier 4i/T4 Final certied
engines must be used.
SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
Base Loading Request to Generator Set
When a customer requires the generator set to parallel to a utility power source for the purpose of supplementing
utility power, a base loading request can be made. The customer issues a start request to the generator set. The
start signal is a command for the generator set to start, synchronize to utility power source, and close its circuit
breaker. All available generator sets will start and achieve nominal frequency and voltage.
Synchronization of Generator Set
The DGC-2020 controller on the o-line generator set utilizes the LSM-2020 load share module to bias its
DVR2000E(+) regulator and governor to match its speed and voltage to the utility bus. The LSM-2020 biases the
speed of the engine governor to drive the dierence between the phase angle of the generator set and the phase
angle of the utility bus to zero. Additionally, the LSM-2020 biases the voltage regulator to match the generator
set voltage to the utility bus voltage. When the synchronization window criteria are met, the generator set is
considered synchronized with the utility bus, and the DGC-2020 controller issues a command to close its circuit
breaker. Once its circuit breaker is closed and the DGC-2020 controller receives breaker closed feedback from
the circuit breaker auxiliary switch, the generator set is considered paralleled. The LSM-2020 no longer actively
attempts to synchronize the generator set.
Base Loading
While paralleled, the generator set is electrically interlocked and will share real load (kW) and reactive load (kVAR)
with the utility power source based on a percentage of the load capacity of the generator set. When the generator
set circuit breaker is rst connected, the generator set produces a negligible amount of real power. The
LSM-2020 load share module will bias the engine governor to begin loading kW on the generator set at a
predened amount of load per second. Load will ramp onto the generator set until the user-dened amount of
base load is met. The DGC-2020 controller (via the LSM-2020 load) in turn biases the engine governor to control
the real load on the generator set.
Reactive load is also precisely shared between the paralleled generator set and the utility power source. When
the generator set circuit breaker is rst connected, the generator set produces a negligible amount of reactive
power. The LSM-2020 load share module will bias the voltage regulator to begin loading kVARs on the generator
set at a predened amount of load per second. Load will ramp onto the generator set until the user-dened
amount of base load is met. Reactive base loading can be dened in either of two manners: percentage of VARs
(leading or lagging) or Power Factor (PF) set point (- Leading / + Lagging). The DGC-2020 controller in turn biases
the voltage regulator to control the reactive load on the generator set.
Base Loading with Utility
PARALLELING APPLICATION GUIDE
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As the generator set is base loading against the utility power source, the DGC-2020 controller will constantly
adjust to uctuations in load and in the utility power source to maintain the base load level requested.
In the event that a generator experiences a fault while supporting the load, it will disconnect itself from the utility
bus.
Termination of Base Loading Request to Generator Set
When the customer no longer wants the generator set to base load against the utility power source, the start
request signal is removed. The DGC-2020 controller will bias the governor and voltage regulator to ramp load o
of the generator set. Once the generator set is unloaded and has reached the pre-dened breaker open set point
percentage, the circuit breaker will open. The generator set will enter a cool-down period, after which time the
generator set will stop, re-enter standby mode, and await the next start request.

Base Loading with Utility
PARALLELING APPLICATION GUIDE
MTU Onsite Energy
A Rolls-Royce Power Systems Brand
www.mtuonsiteenergy.com

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Figure 1: Base Loading with Utility
The dashed line ( ) denotes wiring/equipment supplied by a third party