CHOICES

1 ________ are molecules that have the same composition,

but different structure.
a. Isomers
b. Polymers
c. Isotactic
d. Atactic
2 The supplied energy for the removal of electrons. a. Ionization energy
b. Affinty energy
c. Electron affinity
energy
d. Light energy
3 It implies repetition of objects at regular intervals a. Translation
b. Lattice points
c. Symmetry
d. Bilateral
4 The intense beam produced by an X-ray are known
as__________.
a. Refracten beam
b. Beam width
c. Incident beam
d. Diffracted beam
5 __________ corrosion is commonly seen in rivet heads,
bolts, weld joints, and gasket opening.
a. Galvanic
b. Crevice
c. Pitting
d. Intergranular
6 In the processing techniqes for composite materials. It is a
continous process where certain uniform cross sections are
produced.
a. Pultrusion
b. Filament winding
c. Injection molding
d. Diffusion bonding
7 "Silicates" with organic side radicals; thus silicon-based
polymeric molecules.
a. Silicone
b. Silicates, sheet
c. Silicates, chain
d. Silicates, network
QUESTIONS
ENGINEERING MATERIALS (Mahtematics Category)
8 Finite group of atoms bonded by strong attractive forces. a. Electron
b. Proton
c. Quarks
d. Molecule
9 __________ are two or more distinct types of crystal that
have the same composition.
a. Isomers
b. Polymorphs
c. Isothers
d. Crystalline
10 Glass coating on ceramics. a. Glaze
b. Porcelain enamel
c. Fining
d. Vitreous enamel
11 The prime optical property for glass lenses.
a. Index of diffraction
b. Index of refraction
c. Ionization index
d. Angle of reflection
12 Polymerization by a reaction that also produces a small bt-
product molecule.
a. Polymerization,
addition
b. Polymerization,
multiply
c. Polymerization,
condensation
d. Polymerization,
oxydation
13 The vulcanization of rubber involves a ___________ of
adjacent molecular chains, thus resulting in a harder
rubber.
a. Cross-linking
b. Branching
c. Networking
d. Structure
14 A long term load above the glass-transition temperature of
a polymer produces____________.
a. Stress relaxation
b. Scission
c. Creep
d. Relaxation time
15 Coefficient of flowability which is the reciprocal of viscosity. a. Elastomer
b. Density
c. Crystallinity
d. Fluidity
16 Reduction of polymers to smaller molecules. a. Deformation
b. Diffraction
c. Degradation
d. Diffusion
17 Additive used for the purpose of strengthening on/or
extending the basic polymer.
a. Plasticizers
b. Stabilizers
c. Fillers
d. Colorants
18 __________ is made by laminating separate plies
alternately at right angles to one another.
a. Hardwood
b. Softwood
c. Plywood
d. Laminated wood
19 Unoccupied space between atoms or ions. a. Interstice
b. Ionic radii
c. steatite
d. Micro cracks
20 Wood product built up from thinner boards. a. Hardwood
b. Softwood
c. Plywood
d. Laminated wood
21 Insulating materrial made from talc+clay a. Steatite
b. Ternary
c. Interstice
d. Vitreous
22 A cubic lattice with the center position fully equivalent to
each of the eight corners.
a. bcc
b. fcc
c. Hard-ball model
d. Atom
23 The total permanent strain prior to fracture measured as
elongation or as reduction of area. a. Plastic deformation
b. Elastic deformation
c. Dislocation
d. Ductility
24 __________ is the force per unit area. a. Strain
b. Stress
c. Young's elastic
modulus
d. Yield strength
25 Large Molecules of nonmetallic elements composed of
many repetetive units. Commonly called plastics.
a. Insulator
b. Glass
c. Polymers
d. Insulator
26 Body-centered cubic iron, or an iron alloy based on its
structure.
a. Iron
b. Martensite
c. Ferrite
d. Steel
27 Low alloy steels contain as much as ___ percent of metallic
elements other than iron.
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
28 Polymer with a large elastic strain. a. Isomers
b. Polymers
c. Isotactic
d. Elastomer
29 At the glass-transition temperature of a polymer, there is a
change in the ________ a. Melting point
b. Thermal expansion
c. Thermal condutivity
d. Heat temperature
30 The process of pouring a liquid metal into a mold, or the
object produced by this process.
a. Refining
b. Machining
c. Casting
d. Annealing
31 The formation of new, annealed grains from a previously
strain-hardened solid.
a. Forging
b. Recrystallization
c. Annealing
d. Refining
32 Hardening by the formation of clusters prior to precipitation.
Also called, age hardening.
a. Precipitation
hardening
b. Precipitates
c. Solution hardening
d. Solidify
33 An alloy of copper and nickel. a. Cuppronickel
b. Cupronickel
c. Cupronikel
d. Cuppro-nickel
34 The polarization of a _______ material can be changed by
a stress that intruduces an elastic strain
a. Resistive
b. Piezoelectric
c. Magnetic
d. Ferroelectric
35 A material or device that converts energy from one form to
another, Specifically electrical energy to or from
mechanical energy.
a. Dielectric
b. Transducer
c. Converter
d. Ferromagnet
36 A material that can be place between two electrodes
without conduction.
a. Dielectric
b. Transducer
c. Converter
d. Ferrimagnet
37 An antiferromagnetic materials have fully balanced
alignment, and therefore no net magnetism.
a. Ferrites
b. Ferroelectric
c. Ferrimagnetism
d. Ferrumagnetism
38 _______is a unit of deformation a. Stress(s)
b. Strain(e)
c. Strength(S)
d. Yield point(YP)
39 (In plastic deformation) An index of a resistance that a
material has to penetration and to scratching.
a. Ductility
b. Sotness
c. Lamination
d. Hardness
40 Since Poison's ratio is less than 0.5, the volume of a
bronse block ________ when load in axial compression
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. no change
d. double
41 These elements are located in the left and lower portions of
a periodic tables as conventionally presented.
a. Metals
b. Non metals
c. Gas
d. Liquid
42 The reciprocal of electrical conductivity a. Electrical
conductivity
b. Electrode potential
c. Electrical resistivity
d. Electrical
43 Temperature at the intersection of two liquid solubility
curves.
a. Eutectic
temperature (Te)
b. Eutectic
composition (Ce)
c. Eutectic pressure
44 Steel containing up to 5% alloying elements other than
carbon.
a. Steel, plain-carbon
b. Steel, low-alloy
c. Steel, specialty
d. Spheroidite
45 Repelling force of too many electrons in the same vicinity. a. Electron-hole pair
b. Electronegativity
c. Electron repulsion
d. Electroplating
46 Twisting and/or kinking of a polymer chain. a. Conformation
b. Configuration
c. Conductivity
d. Copolymer
47 Solid dissociation to gas and another solid. a. Carbide
b. Carburize
c. Calcination
d. Cast iron
48 A large casting that is to be consequently rolled or forged.
a. Ingot
b. Induction hardening
c. Inhibitor
d. Injection molding
49 The reciprocal of electrical resistivity.
a. Electrical
conductivity
b. Electrode potential
c. Electrical resistivity
d. Electrical
inductance
50 The assumption that atoms are hard spheres. a. Micro-ball model
b. Soft-ball model
c. Hard-ball model
d. Mini-ball
ANSWER DISCUSSION
a. Isomers
a. Ionization Energy
c. Symmetry
d. Diffracted beam
b. Crevice
a. Pultrusion
a. Silicone
Crevice is a localised corrosion attack that
occurs in the presense of stagnant liquids. It
is of industrial significance bacause
stainless a quite susceptible to this form of
corrosion.
Pultrusion is a continous process where
certain uniform cross-sections are produced.
The resin coated fibers are pulled through a
heated mould and curing is done during
shape information. Finally, it is cut into
desired lengths.
Silicone
This family of materials lies between
ceramics and polymers, in as much as they
have some of the characteristics of each.
Isomers, for example, are two
configurations of the same molecular
composition. For figure shown below the n-
and iso-propyl alcohol, both. C3H7OH.
H
O
H H H H I H
HC- C- C- OH HC- C- CH
H H H H H H
n-propyl alcohol isopropyl alcohol
ENGINEERING MATERIALS (Mahtematics Category)
Ionization energy is a measure of how
strong the electron is bounded to the atom.
The energy required to remove the first
electron is the first ionization energy.
Similarly, the energy required to remove the
second electron is the second ionization
energy.
Those operations which can describe the
repitition of objects are known as symmetry
operations.
The scattered X-rays propagating in all
directions may reinforce each other in some
directions to produce intense beams of X-
rays. These strong beams are known as
diffracted beam.
d. Molecule
b. Polymorphs
a. Glaze
b. Index of refraction
d. Polymerization,
condensation
c. Cross-linking
a. Creep
d. Fluidity
c. Degradation
Index of refraction
Ratio of light velocity in a vacuum to the
velocity within a material. (Produces a
"bending" of the light at the surface of a
material).
Polymerization of molecules (monomers)
into extended molecules (polymers) is
accomplished by two principal types of
reaction. These are
(a) By chain reaction (also called Addition,
polymerization), and

(b) by step reaction (also called
The vulcanization of rubber involves a cross-
linking of adjacent molecular chains, thus
resulting in a harder rubber.
The vulcanization of rubber is a result of
cross-linking by sulfur. Without sulfur,
rubber is a soft, even sticky material that
flows by viscous deformation when it is near
Creep
Slow permanent deformation. In polymers,
this is by viscous flow above the glass-
transition temperature.
Glass-transition temperature is the
transition temperature between a super
cooled liquid and its glassy solid.
Viscosity, which is the ratio of shear stress
to the flow gradient, is the reciprocal of
fluidity
Degradation
Destruction/Reduction of polymers to
smaller molecules
A molecule may be defined as a group of
atoms that are strongly bounded together,
but whose bonds to other, similar groups of
atoms are relatively weak.
Polymorphs are two or more distinct types
of crystal that have the same composition.
The most familiar example is the dual
existense of graphite and diamond as two
polymorphs of carbon
Veneers of glass have extensive use:
Glazes- Glass coating on ceramics products
Vitreous enamels/ porcelain enamels-
Glass coatings on metal
c. Fillers
c. Plywood
a. Interstice
d. Laminated wood
a. Steatite
a. bcc
a. Ductility
b. Stress
Ductility
Is the total plastic strain, that is accumulated
prior to fracture. This may be mesured as
the unit stretching called elongation, or as
the cross section contraction, called
reduction in area. Both are dimensionless
and usually expressed in percent.
Stress
In order to define the effect of loads upon
materials, we speak of stress, which is is
the force, F, per unit area, A:

S=F/A
Fillers
Most of them are added to give strength or
toughness to plastics.
Thus, wood flour (a very fine saw dust) is
commonly added to a PF plastic (phenol-
formal dehyde) to increase its strength.
Plywood
Panels made from laminated plies; each ply
cut is longitudinal-tangential sheet; alternate
pliesare laid at 90degrees.
Interstice
Is relatively a hole that exist in the center of
the unit cell
Laminated wood
is a composite of a no. of smaller board
bondedinto a larger unit. Thus, it is possible
to build up large beams, arches, and
columns, and to make special shapes, such
as chair frames and aircraft propellers.
Ceramics are commonly involve three(3)
components than do metals. A common
electrical porcelain (called Steatite) is made
by mixing clay with talc, and then firing the
product.
Body-centered cubic (bcc metal)
The iron atom in a car fender are most
stable when each individual iron has eight
(8) neighbors. If each of the eight atoms
surronding the initial atom also has eight
neighbors, and likewise for those neighbor's
neighbors, a long-range order is established
throughout the metal.
Degradation
Destruction/Reduction of polymers to
smaller molecules
c. Polymers
c. Ferrite
d. 5
d. Elastomer
a. Thermal expansion
c. Casting
b. Recrystallization
a. Precipitation hardening
Thermal Expansion of materials with
comparable atomic packing vary inversely
with the melting temperatures of those
materials. At the glass-transition
temperature of a polymer, there is a change
in the thermal expansion.
Casting
From refining, it is the next step in metal
production which is to cast metal as an
ingot. Or to mold it directly into the desired
shape. An ingot is simply a large solidified
mass of metal that can susequently be
mechanically deformed by rolling of forging.
Annealing a cold-drawn wire produces a
change in properties because the internal
structure of the wire is changed. When
annealing follows cold working, the metal is
recrystallized. That is, new crystals form
within the wire
Annealing- process of heating and cooling
to reduce fracturing
Precipitation hardening, is also called age
hardening, is a very important strengthening
process when it is applicable.
Polymers
Large Molecules of nonmetallic elements
composed of many repetetive units.
Commnly called plastics. Polymers are
characterized by their low density and their
use as insulators, both thermal and elctrical.
Ferrite (metals)
Body-centered cubic iron, or an iron alloy
based on its structure.
Low-alloy steels contain alloying elements
in addition iron and carbon. Commonly used
alloying elements include manganese (Mn),
nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), molybdenum
(Mo), and silicon (Si), plus others. Typically,
the amounts of these alloying elements total
less than 5%.
Elastomer
Polymer with a large elastic strain. This
strain arises from the unkinking of the
polymer chain
a. Cupronickel
b. Piezoelectric
b. Transducer
a. Dielectric
c. Ferrimagnetism
b. Strain(e)
d. Hardness
a. Decreases
a. Metals
Hardness
Is an index of a resistance that a material
has to penetration and to scratching. It is
related to the ultimate strength, since both
involve plastic deformation.
Poison's ratio (v)
Ratio (negative) of lateral strain to axial
strain.
Metals
Materials characterized by their high
electrical and thermal conductivities
because their electrons are mobile.
The interrelationship between polarization
and strain provides a basis for transducer
device that convert mechanical energy to
electrical, and vice versa.
Dielectric
an insulator. A material that can be placed
between elecctrodes without conduction.
Ferrimagnetism
Net magnetism arising from unbalanced
alignment of magnetic ion within a crystal.
(An antiferromagnetic materials have fully
balanced alignment, and therefore no net
magnetism).
Strain(e)
Is a unit of deformation. Elastic strain is
recoverable; plastic strain is permanent
Precipitation hardening, is also called age
hardening, is a very important strengthening
process when it is applicable.
Alloys of copper and nickel are completely
soluble across the full composition range.
Both copper and nickel are fcc; furthermore,
their atomic radii match within a few percent-
Rcu= 0.1278nm, and Rni= 0. thus, an
unlimited number of copper atoms may be
replaced by nickel atoms and vice versa in
cupronickel.
Piezoeelectric
Dielectric materials with structures that are
asymmetric. So that their centers of positive
and negative charge are not coincident. As a
result, the polarity is sensitiveto pressures
that change the dipoles distance, and the
polarization.
c. Electrical resistivity
a. Eutectic temperature (Te)
b. Steel, low-alloy
c. Electron repulsion
a. Conformation
c. Calcination
a. Ingot
a. Electrical conductivity
c. Hard-ball model
Calcining, that is, heating to dissociate the
structure and drive off a gas, for example,
CO2 or H2o.
Ingot
Is simply a large solidified mass of metal
that can subsequently be mechanically
deformed. By rolling or forging.
Electrical conductivity
Coefficient between charge flux and electric
field. The reciprocal of electrical resistivity.
Hard-ball model
The assumption that atoms are hard
spheres. This is a very useful concept.
However, it is not universally applicable,e.g.,
for neutron radiation exposure.
Electrical Resistivity
Resistance of a material with unit
dimensions.The reciprocal of electrical
conductivity
Eutectic temperature (Te)
Melting temperature of an alloy with a
eutectic composition.Temperature at the
intersection of two liquid solubility curves.
Steel, low-alloy
Steel containing up to 5% alloying elements
other than carbon. Phase equilibria are
related to the Fe-C diagram.
Electron repulsion
Repelling force of too many electrons in the
same vicinity. Counteracts the attractive
bonding force
Conformation
Twisting and/or kinking of a polymer chain.
(Changes require bond rotation only)