Ques. What are cavity resonators?

Derive the equation for resonant

frequencies for a rectangular and circular cavity resonator?
Ans. When one end of the waveguide is terminated in a shorting plate there will
be reflections and hence standing waves are formed as shown in fig.(a).When
another shorting plate is kept at a distance a multiple of
g
/2 then the hollow
space so formed can support a signal which bounces back and forth between the
two shorting plates. This results in resonance and hence the hollow space is called
cavity and the resonator as the cavity resonator. The waveguide section can be
rectangular or circular as shown in fig.(b) and fig.(c). The microwave cavity
resonator is akin to a tuned circuit at low frequencies having a resonant frequency
f
o
=

The cavity resonator can resonate at only one particular frequency just as a parallel
resonant circuit shown in fig.(d).
From fig.(a), d=3
g
/2
For a given resonator and mode a, b, m and n are constants. Therefore
c
is also
fixed and
o
will also have fixed value. But
o
=c/f
o
and f will also have a constant
value, equal to f
o
, which is the resonant frequency of the cavity resonator.
fig.(a)
fig.(b)
fig.(c)
fig.(d)
Equation for f
o
in Rectangular Cavity Resonator

h
2
=
2
+
2
= A
2
+ B
2
= (

2
= (

+ (

2
For wave propagation = j
Or
2
= j
2

2
= -
2


2
= (

+(

+
2
If a wave has to exist in a cavity resonator there must be a phase change
corresponding to a given guide wavelength. The condition for the resonator to
resonate is = p/d
Where, p=a constant =1, 2, 3.. that indicates half wave variation of either
electric or magnetic field along the z direction.
d= length of the resonator.
When =

, f = f
o
, = 2f
o
=
o

o
2
= (

+(

+(

f
o
=

[(

f
o
=

[(

General mode of propagation in a cavity resonator is TE
mnp
or TM
mnp
. For both TE
and TM the resonant frequency is same in a rectangular cavity resonator.

Equation for f
o
in Circular Cavity Resonator

h
2
=
2
+
2
= h
2
nm
=(

2
= (

2

For wave propagation = j and for resonance =

and =
o

o
2
= (

+(

f
o
=

[(

f
o
=

[(

This is for TM
nmp
mode.
Similarly for TE
nmp
mode is
f
o
=

[(