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History
Why do we study history?
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Throwback
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Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to
repeat it.
George Santayana
Definitions
It is a discipline which deals with the study of significant events in the
past in order to ascertain the truth.
It refers to the study of chronological events that happened in the past.
It is a study of the past in order for us to fully understand the present
and to help us in charting our future.
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Purposes of history
It narrates the events that happened in the past in order to understand
the present and somehow predict and/or influence the future.
It helps us appreciate our heritage in a broad perspective.
Heritage-a legacy which was passed on to us by our ancestors and
predecessors.
It enhances our sense of nationalism.
Sources of historical data
Written sources
Orally transmitted materials
Artistic production
Electronic data
Relics and remains
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Criticisms of Historical Sources
External Criticism
It examines the authenticity of a source by focusing on the physical attribute of
the recovered materials. Example: radio carbon dating and handwriting analysis
Internal Criticism
It verifies the authenticity of the information by focusing on the materials
language consistency and historical reliability.
Causative interpretations of history
Greeks and Romans: history is determined and controlled by destiny
and people have no way to do something about it.
Christians: historical events lead to the universality of a true religion.
History and its end is already written or determined in the Bible.
Voltaire: Historical events are mere results of chance and
luck/misfortune.
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: the continuity of historical events is
brought about by a dominant and inferior idea.
Charles Darwin: the rule of the survival of the fittest applies in history.
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Two types of historical changes
Quantitative changes
Refer to changes that can be measured such as growth in the economy, literacy
rate, poverty incidents, demographic measures, etc.
Qualitative changes
Refer to the modification of characteristics, traits, and attributes of particular
person or entity.
Example: change in the quality of life, voting behavior of the people, buying
attitude of consumers.
History is, in its essentials, the science of change; it knows
and it teaches that it is impossible to find two events that are
exactly alike, because the conditions from which they spring
are never identical.
-Marc Bloch
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Historical tourism/Heritage Tourism/Cultural Tourism
is a branch of tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of the
location where tourism is occurring.
US National Trust for Historic Preservation: "traveling to experience
the places, artifacts and activities that authentically represent the
stories and people of the past.
Cultural, heritage and historical tourism describes all tourist trips that
include cultural activities (e.g. the visiting of monuments or sites), as
well as experiences and interaction with local people.
Richards(1996): 'the movement of persons to cultural attractions away
from their normal place of residence, with the intention to gather new
information and experiences to satisfy their cultural needs'
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Usual destinations
Museums and art galleries
Theatres
Film festivals
Festivals and rituals
Archaeological sites
Parades and mardi gras
Theme parks
Global Market Size
It is estimated that around 20% of tourist trips worldwide incorporate
some form of cultural, heritage or historical activity; consequently the
size of the market can be estimated as being over 160 million trips per
annum
It is widely accepted that the cultural, heritage and historical tourism
market segment will continue to grow for the foreseeable future.
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Cultural tourists
45-60 years old
Youth: 20-29 years old
High average annual income
55% female; 45% male
Heritage tourism in the Philippines
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Gabii sa Kabilin

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Assignment
Search for at least five significant events that happened during your birthdate.
If you cannot find any that you can relate with, find events, holidays, movies,
TV shows that happened and persons born on the same day as your B-day.
Put in a powerpoint presentation; maximum of 5 slides. Make it as creative as
possible.
For example, if you are born in June 19, 1993.
In 2000: Los Angeles Lakers beat Indiana Pacers 4-2 in NBA finals MVP: Shaquille
O'Neal, L.A.
1566 - James I Stuart, king of Scotland was born
1978 - Zoe Saldana, American actress
1978 - Garfield the Cat
Emancipation Day in the US when slavery became illegal