COMMUNICATION SKILLS

2013/2014
EN. EDZHAM ARMIN
NAME I/C NO. MATRICS NO.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION........................................................................3 - 4
CONTENT........................................................................................4 - 5
Type chapter title (level 3).................................................................................... 3
Type chapter level (level !...........................................................4
Type chapter level (level "!..................................................................5
Type chapter title (level 3).................................................................................... 6
Type chapter level (level !...........................................................4
Type chapter level (level "!..................................................................5
Type chapter title (level 3).................................................................................... 6
Type chapter level (level !...........................................................4
Type chapter level (level "!..................................................................5
Type chapter title (level 3).................................................................................... 6
* EXAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENT
*EXAMPLE OF THE ASSIGNMENTS LAYOUT
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INTRODUCTION
An interpersonal relationship is an association beteen to or !ore people that !a" ran#e in
$%ration &ro! brie& to en$%rin#' This association !a" be base$ on in&erence( lo)e( soli$arit"(
re#%lar b%siness interactions( or so!e other t"pe o& social co!!it!ent' Interpersonal
relationships are &or!e$ in the conte*t o& social( c%lt%ral an$ other in&l%ences' The conte*t can
)ar" &ro! &a!il" or +inship relations( &rien$ship( !arria#e( relations ith associates( or+(
cl%bs( nei#hborhoo$s( an$ places o& orship' The" !a" be re#%late$ b" la( c%sto!( or !%t%al
a#ree!ent( an$ are the basis o& social #ro%ps an$ societ" as a hole'
An %n$erstan$in# o& interpersonal co!!%nication is an essential in#re$ient in coo+in# %p #oo$
relationships' Interpersonal co!!%nication lies at the ,%nction o& o%r c%lt%ral %n$erstan$in# an$
constr%ction an$ conse-%entl"( each o& these co!ponents in&l%ences one another in !ore a"s
e can i!a#ine' Lan#%a#e is perhaps the !ost i!portant tool in co!!%nications( e !a" in&er
to the se!antics o& each le*icon in the lan#%a#e to %n$erstan$ Lan#%a#e as a co!ponent on its
on' .%t this is neither the onl" nor the &ore!ost ele!ent o& i!portance in co!!%nication $%e
to the co!ple* process b" hich c%lt%re an$ co!!%nication in&l%ence each other' There are
c%lt%ral eti-%ettes that re#%late the appropriate e*pression &or the lan#%a#e' An$ &ro! real li&e
obser)ations o& people ho #et in tro%ble &or not &olloin# the appropriate eti-%ettes in$icates to
!e that ho so!ethin# is sai$ !a" ei#h !ore i!portance than hat is act%all" sai$' Altho%#h
it !a" not be all tr%e in the case o& ro!ance st%$ies ' Ne)ertheless( the %n$erstan$in# &or this
r%le o& e*pression can onl" enhance hat "o% ant to #et across to "o%r lo)e one'
Co!!%nication st"le )aries &ro! one ethnicit" to another $%e to the nat%re o& the constr%ction o&
the lan#%a#e' Theorists ha)e $istin#%ishe$ $i#ital( )erbal co!!%nication( an$ analo#ic(
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non)erbal co!!%nication( co!ponents ithin lan#%a#es ' /epen$in# on the lan#%a#e( so!e
ei#h !ore toar$ one &or! o& co!!%nication than the other'
0n#lish o%l$ be an e*a!ple o& a lan#%a#e that ei#hs !ore &or the $i#ital &or! o&
co!!%nication' In 1.asic Concepts o& interc%lt%ral co!!%nication1( .ennett parallels this
pheno!ena in 0n#lish to co!p%ters b" $escribin# the or$s s"!boli2ation o& 1cate#ories o&
pheno!ena in the sa!e arbitrar" a" that on/o&& co$es s"!boli2e n%!bers an$ operations in a
co!p%ter1' Contraril"( analo#ic &or! o& co!!%nication 1represents pheno!ena b" creatin#
conte*ts hich can be e*perience$ $irectl"1 3.ennett( 145' This $istinction is ob)io%s b"
co!parin# lan#%a#es o& $i&&erent ori#ination( &or e*a!ple( 6apanese an$ A!erican' This
$istinction has $irect i!plication &or their ro!antic e*pression' A person ho #re %p in the
6apanese c%lt%re !a" re&rain &ro! sa"in#( 1I lo)e "o%1 to his or her lo)er( b%t %se non)erbal c%es
to #et the point across' To so!eone ho #re %p in the A!erican c%lt%re( this +in$ o& treat!ent
&ro! a lo)er !a"be consi$ere$ 1col$1 $%e to the absence o& the %s%al &or!at o& e*pression'
Another thin# to consi$er is that the spea+er !a"be !ore percepti)e to pic+in# %p )erbal or non7
)erbal c%es $%e to their lan#%a#e trainin# hich #i)e rise to the possibilit" that certain c%es are
a%to!aticall" t%ne$ o%t &ro! their reception'


CONTENTS
The Sen$er enco$es the !essa#es %sin# 8erbal
an$ Non78erbal ele!ents' The or$s &or! the
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8erbal ele!ent' 0le!ents o& )erbal co!!%nications incl%$e str%ct%re an$ tone( eti-%ette( an$
intention' 8erbal co!!%nication is !ainl" $epen$ent on the conte*t o& the spea+er an$ the
listener' It is i!portant to !a+e s%re that the +e" !essa#e is co!!%nicate$' The )ocal ele!ent
incl%$es the tone an$ intensit" o& o%r )oice an$ the 9!%sic o& o%r lan#%a#e:' The )is%al ele!ent
incorporates e)er"thin# the recei)er can see' It !i#ht be a s%rprise to "o% b%t the )is%al hich is
non7)erbal ele!ent is the !ost poer&%l ele!ent( #rabbin# an$ hol$in# recei)er;s attention' The
recei)er ta+es in the !essa#es an$ $eco$e the! b" sortin# o%t an$ interpretin# the ele!ents
accor$in# to their on e*periences( belie&s an$ nee$s'
At this !o!ent( close "o%r e"es an$ let;s thin+ abo%t it' <h" e nee$ to co!!%nicate=
The anser is si!ple' As h%!an bein#( e cannot be alone( e li)e in a orl$ &ille$ ith other
people' <e li)e to#ether( or+ to#ether an$ pla" to#ether' <e nee$ each other &or sec%rit"(
co!&ort( &rien$ship an$ lo)e' <e nee$ each other to !at%re thro%#h $ialo#%e' <e nee$ each
other to achie)e o%r #oals an$ ob,ecti)es' None o& these nee$s co%l$ be a$$resse$ itho%t
interpersonal co!!%nication' <e co!!%nicate in or$er to #et ac-%ainte$( e*press o%r on
e!otions to others( shares in&or!ation( con)ince others to %n$erstan$ o%r personal )ies an$
b%il$ relationships'
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In the !atter o& &act( interpersonal co!!%nication can be brea+ $on into &e co!!an ele!ent
that !a+e it easier to %n$erstan$' There are the co!!%nicator( the !essa#e( noise( conte*t an$
channel'
Interpersonal co!!%nication accor at least to or !ore person co!!%nicate to each other
in)ol)in# the sen$er an$ the reci)er thro%#ht !essa#es' That is hat e call to7a" process
here the sen$er an$ the recei)er sen$ a !essa#es to an$ &ro! each other si!%ltano%sl"'
>oe)er it beco!e co!plicate hen it present co!%nication as one7a" process here the
sen$er sen$ the !essa#e an$ he recei)er recei)e it itho%t #i)in# &ee$bac+' ?or e*a!ple( one
person is tal+in# an$ another one is listenin#'
<hen e tal+ abo%t !essa#es( it not onl" abo%t speech or tal+ that e $eli)ers' In &act non7
)erbal !essa#es s%ch as &acial e*pressions, tone o& )oice, #est%res an$ bo$" lan#%a#e' Non7
)erbal beha)io%r can con)e" a$$itional in&or!ation abo%t the spo+en !essa#e' In partic%lar( it
can re)eal !ore abo%t e!otional attit%$es hich !a" %n$erlie the content o& speech'
Noise is one o& the ele!ent that in)ol)e in interpersonal co!!%nication' ' It re&ers to an"thin#
that $ist%rbs the !essa#e( so that hat is recei)e$ is $i&&erent &ro! hat is inten$e$ b" the
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spea+er' <hilst ph"sical @noise@ 3&or e*a!ple( bac+#ro%n$ so%n$s or lo spee$ o& car5 can
inter&ere ith co!!%nication( other &actors are consi$ere$ to be Anoise;' The %se o& co!plicate$
,ar#on, inappropriate bo$" lan#%a#e, inattention, $isinterest( an$ c%lt%ral $i&&erences can be
consi$ere$ @noise@ in the conte*t o& interpersonal co!!%nication' In other or$s( an" $istortions
or inconsistencies that occ%r $%rin# an atte!pt to co!!%nicate can be seen as noise'
?ee$bac+ consists o& !essa#es the recei)er ret%rns( hich allos the sen$er to +no ho
acc%ratel" the !essa#e has been recei)e$( as ell as the recei)er@s reaction' ?or the e*a!ple
9Can "o% repeat that= I $on;t %n$erstan$': ( to the sen$er so that the sen$er +no that e recei)e
or not hat he/she tr"in# to sa"' ?ee$bac+ allos the sen$er to re#%late( a$apt or repeat the
!essa#e in or$er to i!pro)e co!!%nication'
All co!!%nication is in&l%ence$ b" the conte*t in hich it ta+es place' >oe)er( apart &ro!
loo+in# at the sit%ational conte*t o& here the interaction ta+es place( &or e*a!ple in a roo!(
o&&ice( or perhaps o%t$oors( the social conte*t also nee$s to be consi$ere$( &or e*a!ple the roles(
responsibilities an$ relati)e stat%s o& the participants' The e!otional cli!ate an$ participants@
e*pectations o& the interaction ill also a&&ect the co!!%nication'
The channel re&ers to the ph"sical !eans b" hich the !essa#e is trans&erre$ &ro! one person to
another' In &ace7to7&ace conte*t the channels hich are %se$ are speech an$ )ision( hoe)er
$%rin# a telephone con)ersation the channel is li!ite$ to speech alone' No$a"s in o%r on
co%ntr"( Mala"sia( the !e$i%! that e %se is !ostl" internet ell +non as social
co!!%nication' ?or an e*a!ple( one o& an article sai$ that social !e$ia s%ch as ?aceboo+ an$
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Titter co%l$ closer the relationship beteen teachers an$ their st%$ents( e)en ith their ol$
st%$ent' Thro%#ht this channel( st%$ent co%l$ as+ &or an a$)ice &ro! !ore e*perience people'
Sa!s%$in A' Bahi! sai$ that co!!%nication is the sharin# i& !in$( in&or!ation( beha)e or
e!osional &or other person 3 Theo$orson 1CDC 5' Thro%#h this state!ent( e can appro)e that
?aceboo+ an$ Titter are one o& the channel that e %se no$a"s to co!!%nicate'
E ON0 0FAMGL0 O? CITATION T>AT HOU CAN ?OLLO<' B0M0M.0B 080BHTIM0
HOU <OUL/ LIK0 TO SUGGOBT HOUB STAT0M0NT ?BOM OT>0B ABTICL0S(
GL0AS0 MAK0 SUB0 HOU B0G>BAS0 IT ?IBST AN/ BII>T A?T0B HOU GUT IT IN
HOUB ASSIINM0NT /O NOT ?OBI0T TO MAK0 CITATION O? T>0 B0SG0CTI80
AUT>OB ?OLLO<0/ .H T>0 H0AB T>0 ABTICL0 <AS <BITT0N'
Emperor Frederick, the 13th century ruler of the Holy Roman Empire wanted to
know what language had been spoken at the birth of mankind in the Garden of
Eden. as it Hebrew, Greek or !atin" He ordered an e#periment in which the
original circumstances would be recreated as closely as possible. $ group of
infants were to be isolated from hearing human speech from the moment of
birth until they spoke their language. %he babies were to be raised by nurses
who were strictly charged to maintain complete silence when with the babies.
%he result" E&ery one of the babies died. %he lack of communication can be
lethal.
From Robert Bolton, People Skills
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CONCLUSION
As e can see( act%all" interpersonal co!!%nication is the li&ebloo$ o& e)er" relationship'
Ioo$ relations are n%rt%re$ b" open( clear an$ sensiti)e co!!%nication' <e are able to sen$
!essa#es &ro! the !oon( b%t e &in$ it $i&&ic%lt to relate to those e lo)e' Ine&&ecti)e
co!!%nication ca%ses loneliness( con&licts( &a!il" proble!s( pro&essional $issatis&actions(
ps"cholo#ical stress( ph"sical illness an$ e)en $eath( hen co!!%nication brea+s $on'
In concl%sion( the sen$er( the recipient( the !essa#e an$ the reaction is one o& the prosesses that
happen to pro$%ce e&&ecti)e co!!%nication an$ %n$erstoo$ b" others' Thro%#ht co!!%nication
also it is able to &or! #oo$ character in "o%rsel& an$ others' Th%s( #oo$ co!!%nicaton is
bene&icial in all aspects o& li&e'
9
REFERENCE
BOOK * FOLLOW THE FORMAT GIVEN IN THE LECTURE NOTE
6O>N A /ALHJ MABK L KNOGG( 2010( INT0BG0BSONAL COMMUNICATION( LON/ONJ
SAI0'
G0T0B >ABTL0H(1CC3( INT0BG0BSONAL COMMUNICATION 2
N/
0TION 200K(
LON/ONJN0< HOBKJBOUTL0/I0'
INTERNET * FOLLOW THE FORMAT GIVEN IN THE LECTURE NOTE
httpL//'crnb7rcnb'ca/en/&iles/<>ATMISMINT0BG0BSONALMCOMMUNICATIONM0N'p$&
httpL//co%rses'n%s'e$%'s#/co%rse/elcttr/0S2002/0S2002M6an2011/00KMIGCM0S2002M6an2011'p$&
httpL//'s+ills"o%nee$'co!/ips/interpersonal7co!!%nication'ht!lNi*222$N!TC<t-
httpL//l!c'#atech'e$%/Oherrin#ton/#cp/0thnolo#"/interpersonalMethn'ht!
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APPENDIX
*PLEASE ENCLOSE ALL ARTICLES, JOURNALS, BOOKS (PHOTOCOPY THE
FRONT PAGE AND THE FIRST PAGE OF THE ARTICLE AND NEWSPAPER IN
THIS SECTION
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