Kumar Kunal Kamal

TAPMI
A woman was near death from a special kind of cancer.
There was one drug that the doctors thought might save her.
It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had
recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but
the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him
to produce. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000
for a small dose of the drug.
The sick woman's husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew
to borrow the money, but he could only get together about
$1,000 which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that
his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let
him pay later. But the druggist said: No, I discovered the
drug and I'm going to make money from it. So Heinz got
desperate and broke into the man's store to steal the drug
for his wife. Should Heinz have broken into the laboratory to
steal the drug for his wife? Why or why not?
Why do children make certain errors in a consistent manner?
The Moral Judgment of the Child (1932)
Studied childrens understanding of the rules of their games
Stage 1: ( < 4) Motor Rules
Stage 2: (4 - 7) Egocentric (Some rules understood)
Stage 3: ( 7 - 11) Incipient Cooperation (Cooperation and
Competition)
Stage 4: ( 11/12) Genuine Cooperation (legalistic fascination)
Principle
Social Contract
Law and Order
Morality
Good Girl/Boy Attitude
Self-Interest
Avoiding Punishment
Conformism Instrumentalism Interpersonal Legal Social Universal
Stage 1. Obedience and Punishment Orientation
Right is literal obedience to rules and authority, avoiding punishment, and not
doing physical harm.
Stage 2. Individualism and Exchange.
Right is serving ones own or others needs and making fair deals in terms of
concrete exchange.
Stage 3. Good Interpersonal Relationships.
The right is playing a good (nice) role, being concerned about the other people
and their feelings, keeping loyalty and trust with partners, and being motivated
to follow rules and expectations.
Stage 4. Maintaining the Social Order.
The right is doing ones duty in society, upholding the social order, and
maintaining the welfare of society or the group.
Stage 5. Social Contract and Individual Rights.
The right is upholding the basic rights, values, and legal contracts of a society,
even when they conflict with the concrete rules and laws of the group.
Stage 6: Universal Principles.
Guidance by universal ethical principles that all humanity should follow.
Both Piaget and Kohlbergs studies done on
samples that included primarily male subjects.
Womens responses are usually divergent as
compared to male responses.
Men focus on law and justice, while women focus
more on care and compassion.
Females (even younger males), suppress their
authentic voice .
Advanced moral reasoning based on the ethics of
care.