REFERENCES:

Ahmad, N.E.; Abo-Serie, E.; Gaylard, A., March 2010, Mesh Optimization for Ground
Vehicle Aerodynamics, ISSR Journals, Volume 2(1), pp. 54-65.
ANSYS Inc., November 2010, ANSYS FLUENT Theory Guide
Bakker, A., 2006a, Lecture 7 Meshing: Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics, Retrieved
27 August 2012. http://www.bakker.org/dartmouth06/engs150/07-mesh.pdf
Bakker, A., 2006b, Lecture 5 Solution Methods: Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics,
Retrieved 27 August 2012. http://www.bakker.org/dartmouth06/engs150/05-
solv.pdf
Bp.com (2012) Statistical Review of World Energy 2012 | BP. [online] Available at:
http://www.bp.com/sectionbodycopy.do?categoryId=7500&contentId=7068481
[Accessed: 26 Jul 2012]
Buresti, G., June 2000, Bluff Body Aerodynamics.
Buresti, G.; Iungo, G.V., Lombardi, G., October 2007, Methods for The Drag Reduction of
Bluff Bodies and Their Application to Heavy Road Vehicles.
Carr, G.W., The Aerodynamics of Basic Shapes for Road Vehicles, Part 1, Simple
Rectangular Bodies, MIRA Report No.1982/2.
Carr, G.W., The Aerodynamics of Basic Shapes for Road Vehicles, Part 2, Saloon Car Bodies,
MIRA Report No 1968/9.
Clifford, M., Brooks, R., Choi, K.S., Giddings, D., Howe, A., Hyde, T., Jones, A., Williams,
E., 2010, An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering: Part 2, Hodder Education,
United Kingdom.
Cooper, K.R., Commercial Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag Reduction: Historical Perspective as
a Guide, National Research Council of Canada.
Douglas, J.F., Gasiorek, J.M., Swaffield, J.A., Jack, L.B., 2011, Fluid Mechanics, Sixth
Edition, Prentice Hall, Gosport.
Department for Transport, April 2009, Quick Guide to Truck Aerodynamics.
Dft.gov.uk (2012) Vehicle licensing - Statistics - Department for Transport. [online]
Available at: http://www.dft.gov.uk/statistics/series/vehicle-licensing/ [Accessed: 26
Jul 2012].
Garry, K.P., July 1985, A Review of Commercial Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag Reduction
Techniques, Journal of Automobile Engineering, Volume 199, No.3., 215-220.
Gilhaus, A., June 1981, The Main Parameters Determining the Aerodynamic Drag of Buses,
Colloque Construire avec le vent, Volume 2, Centre Scientifique et Technique du
Batiment, Nantes.
Gilhaus A., Hoffmann R., Directional Stability, in Hucho, W.H., 1998, Aerodynamics of
Road Vehicles: from fluid mechanics to vehicle engineering, Society of Automotive
Engineers, Inc., United States of America.
Gtz, H.; Mayr, G., Hucho, W.H., 1998, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles, Commercial
Vehicles, Fourth Edition, Society of Automotive Engineers, United States of America.
Ha, J.; Jeong, S.; Obayashi, S., July 2010, Flow Characteristics of a Pickup Truck with
Regard to the Bed Geometry Variation, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. D, J. Automobile
Engineering, 224, 881891.
Hucho, W.H., Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles, in Hucho, W.H., 1998, Aerodynamics of Road
Vehicles: from fluid mechanics to vehicle engineering, Society of Automotive
Engineers, Inc., United States of America.
Hucho, W.H.; Sorvan, G., 1993, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles, Annual Review Fluid
Mechanics, Volume 25, pp. 485-537
Hummel, D., Some Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, in Hucho, W.H., 1998, Aerodynamics
of Road Vehicles: from fluid mechanics to vehicle engineering, Society of Automotive
Engineers, Inc., United States of America.
Khalighi, B., Zhang, S., Koromilas, C., Balkanyi, S., Bernal, L., Iaccarino, G., and Moin, P.,
2001, Experimental and Computational Study of Unsteady Wake Flow Behind a Bluff
Body with a Drag Reduction Device, Society of Automotive Engineers, Paper 2001-
01B-207.
Landry, R.G.; Jenney, S.R., August 1978, Truck Air Foils, US4103957.
Lanfrit, M., February 2009, Best Practice Guideline for Handling Automotive External
Aerodynamics with FLUENT.
MacCready, P.B., Jr.; Lissaman, P.B.S, January 1976, Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Device
for Surface Vehicles, US3934922
Malviya, V.; Mishra, R.; Ubbi, K.S., December 2010, CFD Analysis on the Influence of Area
of the Exposed Semitrailer Face on the Aerodynamic Drag for a Tractor-Trailer
Combination, 37th International & 4th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and
Fluid Power, pp 1 11.
Mason, W.A., Jr.; Beebe, P.S., The Drag-Related Flow Field Characteristic of Trucks and
Buses, in Sovran, G.; Morel, T.; Mason, W.T., 1978, Aerodynamic Drag Mechanisms
of Bluff Bodies and Road Vehicles, Plenum Press, New York.
Salari, K., May 2012, DOEs Effort to Reduce Truck Aerodynamic Drag through Joint
Experiments and Computations, DOE Annual Merit Review.
Sheridan, A. E.; Grier, S. J., February 1978, Drag Reduction Obtained by Modifying A
Standard Truck, NASA-TM-72846, H-977
Storms, B.L.; Satran, D.R.; Heineck, J.T.; Walker, S.M., July 2006, A Summary of the
Experimental Results for a Generic Tractor-Trailer in the Ames Research Center 7-
by 10-Foot and 12-Foot Wind Tunnels, NASA/TM2006-213489.
Truck Manufacturers Association (TMA), April 2007, Test, Evaluation, and Demonstration
of Practical Devices/Systems to Reduce Aerodynamic Drag of Tractor/Semitrailer
Combination Unit Trucks.
White, F.M., 2011, Fluid Mechanics, Seventh Edition, McGraw-Hill, United States of
America.
Wood, R.M., 2006, A Discussion of a Heavy Truck Advanced Aerodynamic Trailer System,
International Forum for Road Transport Technology (IFRTT) 9th International
Symposium on Heavy Vehicle Weights and Dimensions, June 18-22, 2006.
Pennsylvania State University, State College, Penn.
Wood, R.M., February 2005, Vortex Strake Device and Method for Reducing The
Aerodynamic Drag of Ground Vehicles, US 2005/0040669 A1.
Wood, R.M.; Bauer, S.X.S, November 2003, Simple and Low-Cost Aerodynamic Drag
Reduction Devices for Tractor-Trailer Trucks, SAE 2003-01-3377.
Young, D.F., Munson, B.R., Okiishi, T.H., Huebsch, W.W., 2007, A Brief Introduction to
Fluid Mechanics, Fourth Edition, John Willey & Sons, Inc., United States of America.