PANDUAN & TEKNIK MENJAWAB KIMIA YANG BERKESAN DISUSUN DAN DISELENGGARAKAN OLEH GURU CEMERLANG KIMIA MAJLIS GURU CEMERLANG NEGERI MELAKA THE COMMON DIAGRAM IN CHEMISTRY SPM SYLLABUS Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la T&e S%"(c%("e o$ A%o# Determination of melting and boiling point of naphthalene Particle arrangement in solid , liquid and gas Determination of Melting Point Determination of Freezing Point Solid Liquid Gas C&e#ical *o"#(lae a+ E,(a%io+s Determination of empirical formula Magnesium oxide Copper!!" oxide Pe"ioic Table #eaction bet$een sodium%potassium $ith ox&gen #eaction bet$een chlorine gas and iron Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la C&e#ical Bo+ 'he electron arrangement in ionic and co(alent compound) * Ma+e sure &ou can explain the formation of the bonds accuratel& Sodium chloride Magnesium chloride 'etrachloromethane Carbon dioxide Elec%"oc&e#is%"- ,lectrol&sis Molten Lead !! "bromide Copper!!" sulphate solution Copper electrode" Sulphuric -cid , Potassium sulphate .&drochloric acid gas bubbles released " ,lectroplating an iron +e&
Purif&ing an impure metal Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la /oltaic cell Simple cell Daniell cell porous pot" Daniell cell Salt bridge " ACIDS .BASES / SALTS 0) .eating of carbonate compound and confirmator& test for carbon dioxide 1) Preparation of soluble salt Method ! 2 !!" 3) Preparation of insoluble salt 0).eating of copper!!" carbonate and confirmator& test for carbon dioxide 1) Preparation of soluble salt Method !" 4 Sodium nitrate 3)Preparation of soluble salt Method !!" 4 Copper!!" sulphate 5) Preparation of insoluble salt 4 Lead!!" iodide Topics Labelle Dia!"a# $o" %&e Se%'(p o$ Appa"a%(s) S%"(c%("al *o"#(la Ma+($ac%("e S(bs%a+ces i+ i+(s%"- Pol&merisation -llo&s -rrangement of atoms in a metal and an allo&) . C.3
C 6 C
. . Propene Pol&propene . Cl . Cl .
C 7 C 7 C 7 C 7 C
. . . . . Chloroethene Poli(inl& chloride P/C"
-rrangement of atoms in pure metal -rrangement of atoms in allo&8ronze" Ra%e o$ "eac%io+ Gas is collected using $ater displacement for carbon dioxide gas, ox&gen and h&drogen Ca"bo+ Co#po(+ Alco&ol De&-"a%io+ O0ia%io+ o$ alco&ol a+ es%e"i$ica%io+ %&"o(!& "e$l(0 KERTAS 1 23 'able 0 sho$s three elements , M, 9 and : and their proton number and nucleon number respecti(el&) Table 2 a" State the nucleon number of : if the number of neutron is 1;) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0 mark > b" i" ?hat is the number of electron in an atom M@ <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0 mark > ii" ?rite the electron arrangement for atom 9) )<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark > iii" ?hat is the group of the abo(e elements@ <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0 mark > c " State t$o ph&sical properties of the elements abo(e) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 1 marks > d" !n an experiment, an element M $as burnt and put into a gas Aar of chlorine gas) 'he experiment $as repeated b& using an element 9) i" ?rite the equation for the reaction bet$een element M and chlorine gas) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark > ii" Compare the reacti(it& of reaction bet$een element M and element 9 $ith chlorine gas) ,xplain &our ans$er) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<)<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 3 marks > Ele#e+% P"o%o+ +(#be" N(cleo+ +(#be" M 3 B 9 00 13 : 0C D 13 Figure 1 sho$s part of the Periodic 'able of ,lements) 0 1 3 5 E F B G C 0; 00 01 03 05 0E 0F 0B 0G Figure 1 a" P and # react to form a compound) ) i" State the t&pe of compound formed) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<)))))))) = 0 mark > ii" Dra$ the electron arrangement for the compound formed) = 1 marks > iii" ?rite the chemical equation for the reaction bet$een P and #) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark > i(" 'he compound formed can conduct electricit& in aqueous and molten state) ,xplain $h&@
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark > b" : and # also react to form a compound) i" State the t&pe of bond formed) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<) = 0 mark > ii" ?rite the formula for the compound formed) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark > P R Q iii" Dra$ the electron arrangement for the compound formed) = 1 marks > i(" State one ph&sical propert& of the compound) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 0 mark > 4 a" 'able 5 sho$s three elements and their proton number respecti(el&) '-8L, 5 Hsing the information in the 'able 5 , explain ho$ i" ionic bond and ii" co(alent bond formed) =03 marks> b" Describe an experiment to differentiate ionic compound and co(alent compound in terms of electrical conducti(it&) =B marks> 5 a" 'ransition elements are elements from Group 3 to Group 01 of the Periodic 'able) i" 9ame t$o transition elements) ii" State four characteristics of transition elements) =F marks> b" ,lement M has 0C of proton number) State the Group and 'he Period of element M in Periodic 'able) ,xplain &our ans$er =E marks> Ele#e+% P"o%o+ +(#be" Carbon F Sodium 00 Chlorine 0B 6 a" - pupil carried out an experiment to in(estigate the chemical changes that occur to barium chloride as a result of reaction P) 'he result of the experiment is sho$n in diagram E
i" 'he chemical equation for reaction P is as follo$sI 8aCl 1 J 9a 1 SK 5 L 8aSK 5 J 19aCl ,xcess sodium sulphate is added to E; cm 3 of ;)E mol dm D3 barium chloride) Gi(en the molecular mass of 8aSK 5 6 133 i" calculate the mass of barium sulphate formed) = 3 marks > ii" Describe the experiment ho$ to ma+e the dr& barium sulphate in the laborator&) = B marks > Diagram 5 KERTAS 4 2 Figure F)0 sho$s the setDup of apparatus to determine the order of metals in the ,lectrochemical Series) Figure F)1 sho$s the readings of the (oltmeter $hen different metals $ere used as 7) a" #ecord the (oltmeter readings potential difference" for each cell in the space pro(ided in Figure F)1) = 3 marks> Metals are arranged in the Electrochemical Series based on the potential difference between two metals. 1 3 0 2 Volt Cell V When copper was used as metal 1 3 0 2 Volt Cell IV When zinc was used as metal 1 3 0 2 Volt Cell I When magnesium was used as metal 0 Volt 1 3 2 Cell II When lead was used as metal 1 3 0 2 Volt Cell III When iron was used as metal Potential difference ! """ V Potential difference ! """ V Potential difference ! """ V Potential difference ! """ V Potential difference ! """ V #$%&RE '.( )opper*$$+ sulphate solution Metal X plate )opper plate V #$%&RE '., + _ copper as the positive terminal in all cells b" Construct a table and record the pairs of metals and potential difference for this experiment) = 3 marks> c" Complete 'able F)3 based on the experiment) Na#e o$ 8a"iables Ac%io+ %o be %a9e+ i" Manipulated (ariable I <<<<<<<<<<<<<))) i" 'he $a& to manipulate (ariable I <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) ii" #esponding /ariable I <<<<<<<<<<<<<))) ii" ?hat to obser(e in the responding (ariable I <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) iii" Controlled (ariable I <<<<<<<<<<<<<))) iii" 'he $a& to maintain the controlled (ariable I <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<))) = F marks> d" 8ased on Cell I in Figure F)1, i" ?hat $ould &ou obser(e at magnesium plate@ <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 3 marks> -./0E '.1 ii" ?rite the half equations of the reaction ta+ing place at the copper plate) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = 3 marks> e" ?h& the (oltmeter reading for Cell : is ;); /@ <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<)) = 3 marks> f" 8ased on potential differences in Figure F)1, arrange copper, magnesium, lead, iron and zinc in descending order of electropositi(it& of metal) = 3 marks> 1 Hsing the suitable materials and apparatus, plan a labotar& experiment to compare the electrical conducti(it& bet$een the compounds of M and N) Nour explaination should include all the follo$ingsI a" Statement of the problem b" .&pothesis c" -ll the (ariables d" List of materials and apparatus e" Procedure f" 'abulation of data = 0B marks > - student is gi(en an ionic compound M and co(alent compound N) Descending order of electropositi(it&