C H A P T E R T W E N T Y- O N E

PIPING DRAWINGS
2
Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
OBJECTIVES
1. Identify cast iron, brass, copper, and thermoplastic pipe and
tubing fittings.
2. Draw and label common pipe joints using ANSI/ASME standard
designations.
3. Draw a multiview or pictorial piping drawings using standard
schematic symbols.
4. Draw the schematic symbols for valves and identify flow
direction.
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
Piping Drawings
4
Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
UNDERSTANDING PIPING DRAWINGS
Standard Piping Symbols
CAD systems have standard symbols available, and templates for drawing
piping symbols are a convenient timesaver when you are sketching piping.
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
Single and Double Line
PIPING DRAWINGS
Single-Line Drawing
Double-Line Drawing
Piping Symbols Used in a Double-Line
Drawing and a Single-Line Drawing
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
STEEL AND WROUGHT IRON PIPE
Steel or
wrought iron
pipe is used for
water, steam,
oil, and gas.
The American National Standards
Institute/American Society of
Mechanical Engineers (ANSI/ASME)
has developed dimensions for 10
different schedules of pipe
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
CAST IRON PIPE
Cast Iron Pipe, Thicknesses and
WeightsAmerican National Standard
Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Fittings
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER PIPE
It is used in plumbing for supply, soil, waste drain, and vent lines. It is also
particularly suitable for process work where formation of scale or oxidation in
steel pipe would be troublesome. Brass pipe and copper pipe are available in
straight lengths up to 12'.
Brass pipe, generally known as red brass pipe, is an alloy of approximately
85% copper and 15% zinc. Copper pipe is practically pure copper with less
than 0.1% of alloying elements.
Brass pipe and copper pipe should be joined with fittings of copper-base
alloy to avoid galvanic action resulting in corrosion.
9
Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
COPPER TUBING
Copper tubing is often used in applications for nonferrous construction in sizes
below 2". It is suitable for process work, for plumbing, and for heating systems
(particularly radiant heating).
Fittings
Solder joints are also known as capillary joints because the
annular space between the tube and the fitting is so small that
the molten solder is drawn into the space by capillary action.
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
PLASTIC AND SPECIALTY PIPES
Pipe and tubing of other material, such as aluminum and stainless steel, are also
available. A wide variety of plastic pipe, both rigid and flexible, is used in construction.
Plastic pipe is lightweight, corrosion proof, resistant to many chemicals, and has a
smooth inner surface which offers low flow resistance.
PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride)
HDPE (high-density polyethylene)
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
PIPE FITTINGS
Pipe fittings are used to join lengths of pipe, to provide changes of direction, to
provide branch connections at different angles, or to effect a change in size.
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
PIPE JOINTS
screwed
flanged
welded
soldered
Completed Weld
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
VALVES
Valves are used to stop or regulate the flow of fluids in a pipeline.
Common types are:
Single-Line Valve Drawing
Double-Line Valve Drawing
Gate valves
Globe valves
Check valves
Pressure-reducing valves
Safety valves
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
Solenoid-Actuated Valves
Solenoid valves are electromechanical devices often used to regulate the flow
of liquid or gas.
Two-Way Two-Position, Normally Closed Solenoid Valve. (Courtesy of Spartan Scientific.)
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Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman
2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
CODE FOR PRESSURE PIPING
The American National Standards Institute has adopted an
American National Standard Code for Pressure Piping (ANSI/ASME
B31.1-1995). This compilation of recommended practices and
minimum safety standards covers various types of piping, such as
power piping, industrial gas and air piping, oil refinery piping, oil
transportation piping, refrigerating piping, chemical industry process
piping, and gas transmission and distribution piping.
CODE
Book