Riveted joint:-

A rivet is a short cyclinderical bar with a head integral to it.

The cyclinderical portion of the rivet is called shank or body and lower
portion of shank is known as tail. The rivets are use to make permanent
fastening between the plates such as in structural works, ship building,
bridges, tanks and boiler shell. The riveted joints are used to join parts
together permanently. Fastening may be classified into the following two
groups.
1) Permanent fastening
2) Temporary fastening
1) Permanent fastening:-
The permanent fastening are those fastening
which cannot be disassembled with out the destroying the connecting
component. The example of permanent fastening is welding, braze and
riveting joints.
2) Temporary fastening:-
The temporary fastenings are those
fastening which can be disassembled with out destroying the connecting
components. For example screws, keys, cotters and pins etc.
Method of riveting joints
While connecting plates by rivets the first step is to drill holes in the plates.
The rivet is applied by passing its body through the hole in the plate to be
connected. The clearance between hole and rivets is 1mm, for rivets up to
24mm diameter and the clearance is 1.5mm for larger diameter of rivets.
After inserting the rivet the tail side of the rivet is upset to form is second
closing head. This process is called riveting. Best results are obtained by hot
riveting, that is the head should be formed when hot. The second rivet head
is made by hand hammers and by numatic hammers.
Types of riveting joints
Riveting joints are two types such as following
1) Lap joints
2) Butt joints
Lap joints
In lap joints the edge of the plate to be connected overlap each other then
joint by rivet. Over lap joints can be classified as following, according to
the number of rows of rivets used.
1) single riveted joints
 2) double riveted joints
3) triple riveted joints
1) single riveted joints
In the single riveted lap joint one row of the rivets is used.
P=pitch m=marginal difference=1.5d
D=dia in mm T=thickness of plate in mm
The dia of rivets in various riveted joint can be founded by using above
following relation ship.
2) Double riveted joints
In the joint there are two rows of rivets. The rivets may be arrangement
in chain arrangement or may be placed in zig zag arrangement. The
distance between rows of rivets known as “row pitch”. it is calculating as
follows
C= 2d+6mm for chain riveting
C=2d for zig zag riveting
Pitch:-
It is distance between the centers of one rivet to the center of
the adjacent rivet in the same row. It is denoted by p.
Marginal distance=m;
It is the distance b/w the edge of the plate to the center line of the
adjacent row of the rivets.
Row pitch:-
It is the distance b/w rows of rivets.
Diagonal pitch:-
It is the distance b/w the center of one rivet to the center of next rivet in
the adjoining row.