Chapter 1 basics

1. For an isotope of argon (Z = 18), the mass number is

40. The number of neutrons in this isotope is:
18 40 22 the same as in any other isotope of argon
2. Aotropes of sufur in!u"e:
#2
$ an"
#4
$ $
8
an" $
%
$
8
an" &$
8
'
2(
$ in "ifferent o)i"ation states
#. *nergy is in+ersey proportiona to: ,a+eength
fre-uen!y ,a+enumber .an!/0s !onstant
4. 1o, many ra"ia no"es "oes a #p atomi! orbita
possess2 0 1 2 #
3. 4hi!h of the foo,ing atomi! orbitas !an o+erap
,ith an atomi! orbita of the same type on an a"5a!ent
atom (both atoms ie on the x a)is ) to gi+e a bon"2
2p
x
#d
xy
2s #p
x
%. 4hi!h of the foo,ing atomi! orbitas !ontains one
no"a pane2 #s #p
y
#d
z
2 #d
xy
6. An atom ,ith a +aen!e ee!troni! !onfiguration of
1s
2
2s
2
2p
%
#s
2
#p
#
beongs to group # 3 11 13
8.An eement has an outer groun" state ee!troni!
!onfiguration of 4s
1
#d
10
. The eement: is a meta
is a non7meta is in group 10 is a i-ui" at 288 9
8. $/et!h an :; "iagram to "es!ribe the bon"ing in
&1e
2
'
2(
. From the resut, you !an say that:
the ion is paramagneti! the ion has a bon" or"er
of <ero the ion is i/ey to be ess stabe than 1e
2
the ion is "iamagneti!
10. The !orre!t or"ering of the ee!tronegati+ities of the
foo,ing atoms is:
= > ; > 1 1 > = > ; 1 > ; > = ; > = > 1
11. Atoms of the eements = an" . ha+e: the same
number of +aen!e ee!trons the same number of
protons the same number of ee!trons the same
number of neutrons
12. 1o, many ra"ia no"es "oes a 3f orbita possess2
1 0 # 3
1#. For ,hi!h of the foo,ing moe!ues ,ou"
?$*.@ theory pre"i!t a trigona pyrami"a stru!ture2
.F
#
AF
#
BF
#
ArF
#
14. 4hi!h of the foo,ing moe!ues is non7poar2
AB
#
$;
2
1
2
$ ;F
2
13. $/et!h an :; "iagram for ;
2
. Csing the
information in the "iagram, ,hi!h statement is
incorrect2
;
2
is "iamagneti! The bon" or"er in ;
2
is 2
The bon"ing in ;
2
has a 7!omponent. The
bon"ing in ;
2
has a 7!omponent
Chapter 2 Nuclearchemistry
1. The reati+e penetrating po,ers of a7 an" b7
parti!es, g ra"iation an" neutrons (n) are: a D b D g D n
nD g D b D a nD a D b D g
n> a > b > g
2. An a 7 parti!e is: 1e
2(
&1e
2
'
2(
1e
(
1e
#. The pro"u!t of the a7"e!ay of
2#4
C
82
is
2#0
C
82

2#4
=p
8#

2#0
Th
80

2#4
Th
80
4.The haf7ife of
222
@n is #.82 "ays. The "e!ay
!onstant, k, is: 1.2% ) 10
E4
s
E1
3.46 ) 10
E3
s
E1
8.12 ) 10
E6
s
E1
2.10 ) 10
E%
s
E1
3.The "e!ay of a ra"ioa!ti+e isotope (assuming that
there is no !ompi!ation by "e!ay of a "aughter
nu!i"e) foo,s: first or"er /ineti!s <ero or"er
/ineti!s se!on" or"er /ineti!s no parti!uar type of
/ineti!s
%.4hi!h of the foo,ing are transuranium eements2
.a, =p, Am A!, Am, A/ Bf, A/, =o Th, .u, Bm
6. 4hi!h of the foo,ing eements is not man7ma"e2
*s Ah C =o
8. Feuteration of B
2
1
3
;1 to B
2
1
3
;F: shifts the
,a+enumber for the ;E1GF stret!h to a higher +aue
shifts the ,a+enumber for the ;E1GF stret!h to a o,er
+aue has no effe!t on the absorption "ue
to n(;E1GF) "ramati!ay aters a
absorptions in the H@ spe!trum of the !ompoun"
8. The nu!ear spins of
1
1 an"
2
1 are, respe!ti+ey: I
an" 1 I an" I 1 an" I I an" 0
10. The
18
F =:@ spe!tros!opi! signa of =1
4
.F
%
is a:
"oubet septet se)tet singet
11. The
11
AJ
1
1K =:@ spe!trum of 1
#
A..F
#
is a:
"oubet singet "oubet of -uartets "oubet of
-uartets of -uartets
12. Lou are trying to "istinguish bet,een .h
2
.1
(!ompoun" A) an" .h
2
.B1
2
..h
2
(!ompoun" A)
using
#1
. =:@ spe!tros!opy. Lou ,ou": see one
signa for A an" t,o for A. be abe to rea"iy
"istinguish A by running
#1
. an"
#1
.J
1
1K =:@ spe!tra.
see a "oubet in the
#1
. =:@ spe!trum of A but a tripet
for A, both ,ith arge +aues of J
.1
. not be abe
to "istinguish the !ompoun"s by this metho".
1#.
183
.t is spin7a!ti+e ,ith I = I (##.8M). The
#1
.J
1
1K
=:@ spe!trum of cis7&.tB
2
(..h
#
)
2
' ,ou" e)hibit:
a "oubet superimpose" on a singet a binomia
tripet a "oubet t,o "oubets
14. Hf you ,ere to re!or" the soution
#1
.J
1
1K =:@
spe!trum of the o!tahe"ra !ompe)mer7&HrB
#
(.*t
#
)
#
',
the spe!trum (assuming isotopes of Hr are not spin
a!ti+e) ,ou" e)hibit: a "oubet an" a tripet ,ith
reati+e integras 2:1 a "oubet an" a tripet ,ith
reati+e integras 1:2 a singet t,o singets ,ith
reati+e integras 2:1
13. 4B
2
F
4
has an o!tahe"ra stru!ture. 4hi!h of the
foo,ing statements about the
18
F =:@ spe!tra of cis7
an" trans74B
2
F
4
is not true. Hgnore !ouping to
18#
4.
The spe!trum of trans74B
2
F
4
!ontains t,o signas
1%. The spe!trum of trans74B
2
F
4
!ontains one signa
The spe!trum of cis74B
2
F
4
!ontains t,o tripets,
reati+e integras 1:1 A +aue of J(
18
F7
18
F)
!an be measure" from the spe!trum of cis74B
2
F
4
Chapter 4: Bonding in polyatomic molecules
1. Appropriate hybri"i<ation s!hemes for the B atoms
in moe!uar B1
#
B;
2
1 are sp
#
an" sp
sp
#
an" sp
2
sp
2
an" sp sp
#
an" sp
#
2. sp
#
hybri"i<ation ,ou" not be appropriate for the
!entra atom in: $iF
4
&.B
4
'
(
NeF
4
&:e
4
='
(
#.Hn the e-uation for the normai<e"
,a+efun!tion: y
sp
= Ny
2s
( Ny
2p
, N =2 I 1
1
G
O2
O2
4. sp hybri"i<ation for the B atom in B$
2
is a that is
re-uire" to ao, for : the formation of t,o B=$ bon"s
the formation of the s !omponents of t,o "oube bon"s
the formation of t,o s bon"s an" t,o p bon"s
the formation of a s bon" an" a!!ommo"ation of one
one pair
3. Hn an :; "iagram for the formation of 1
2
; in ,hi!h
the z a)is bise!ts the 1E;E1 ange: the ; 2p
z
atomi!
orbita intera!ts ,ith an in7phase !ombination of 1
1s atomi! orbitas the ; 2p
z
atomi! orbita
intera!ts ,ith an out7of7phase !ombination of 1
1s atomi! orbitas the ; 2p
z
atomi! orbita is non7
bon"ing the ; 2s atomi! orbita is non7bon"ing
%. Hn monomeri! A1
#
, et an a)is "efinition pa!e the
moe!ue in the xz pane. 4hi!h atomi! orbita on A is
non7bon"ing2 2s 2p
x
2p
y
2p
z
10. 4hi!h statement is true about the bon"ing in A
2
1
%
2
A o!ai<e" bon"ing pi!ture !an be "e+eope" for
A
2
1
%
in ,hi!h ea!h A atom obeys the o!tet rue.
Aon"ing pi!tures for A
2
1
%
in+o+e muti!entre bri"ge
bon"s. A71 termina bon"s !annot be
!onsi"ere" as 2!72e intera!tions.
The obser+e" stru!tura parameters in A
2
1
%
suggest the
presen!e of a o!ai<e" A7A intera!tion.
12. An :; "iagram for a mo"e !ompoun" N1
%
(O
h
)
!an be !onstru!te" by !onsi"ering the intera!tions
bet,een the orbitas of atom N an" the PQ;s for
the O
h
1
%
fragment. 4hat are the !orre!t symmetry
abes for these PQ;s2 a
1g
, t
1u
, e
g
a
1g
, t
2g
, e
g
a
1
, t
1
, e a
1
, t
2
, e
1#. The bon"ing in N1
#
!an be !onsi"ere" in terms of
the intera!tions bet,een the orbitas of atom N an" the
PQ;s of the 1
#
fragment. For the PQ;s, ,hen N = A,
the in7phase !ombination of 1 1s orbitas has a
1
0
symmetry, but ,hen N = =, it has a
1
symmetry. This is
be!ause: =1
#
has C
#+
symmetry, but A1
#
beongs to
the
#h
point group. =1
#
has
#h
symmetry, but
A1
#
beongs to the C
#+
point group.
=1
#
has C
#+
symmetry, but A1
#
beongs to the
#"
point
group. =1
#
has C
#
symmetry, but A1
#
beongs to
the C
#+
point group.
14. The bon"ing in &=;
#
'
E
!an be !onsi"ere" in terms
of a set of three resonan!e stru!tures ,hi!h "es!ribe the
pre"ominant !ontributions to the bon"ing. 4hi!h
statement is incorrect about this set of resonan!e
stru!tures2 *a!h resonan!e stru!ture possesses t,o
o!ai<e" ==; "oube bon"s. = !arries a forma
positi+e !harge in ea!h resonan!e stru!ture. The
set of resonan!e stru!tures has to a!!ount for the
e-ui+aen!e of the =E; bon"s. The = atom obeys the
o!tet rue in ea!h resonan!e stru!ture.
6. Poo/ at Figure 4.18 in Inorganic C!emistry. 4hi!h
property "oes ea!h of the eorbitas not possess2
Pone pair !hara!ter. =E1 bon"ing !hara!ter.
;ne no"a pane. =o !ontribution from one 1
1s orbita
8. Poo/ at Figure 4.21 in Inorganic C!emistry. 4hi!h
statement is not true2 A the bon"ing :;s in+o+e B
an" 1 !hara!ter. There are 4 bon"ing an" 4
antibon"ing :;s. The moe!ue of "iamagneti!.
A the bon"ing :;s are e-ui+aent
8. Poo/ at Figures 4.26 an" 4.28 in Inorganic
C!emistry. 4hi!h statement is not true2
A si) $EF bon"s in $F
%
are e-ui+aent. A
reasonabe bon"ing pi!ture for $F
%
!an be "e+eope"
using an $ basis set of #s an" #p orbitas. The
$EF bon" or"er is 1. $F
%
is "iamagneti!
Chapter 5: Structures and energetics of metallic and
ionic solids
1. 4hi!h statement is incorrect about a !ubi! !ose7
pa!/e" atti!e2 A atoms ha+e a !oor"ination number
of 12. Payers of !ose7pa!/e" atoms are sta!/e" in
an AABAAB... pattern. Payers of !ose7pa!/e"
atoms are sta!/e" in an AAAAAA... pattern.
The pa!/ing is more effi!ient than in a bo"y7!entre"
!ubi! atti!e
2. The !oor"ination numbers of spheres in bo"y7!entre"
!ubi!, simpe !ubi! an" !ubi! !ose7pa!/e" atti!es are,
respe!ti+ey: 8, %, 12 %, 8, 12 %, 12, 8 8, 12, 12
3. Poo/ at Tabe 3.2 in Inorganic C!emistry. Cse the
"ata to estimate the metai! ra"ius of Aa in metai!
barium at 288 9. The +aue (in pm) is:
2#1 216 213 186
4. 4hi!h statement is true2 The ee!tri!a !on"u!ti+ity
of a meta in!reases ,ith temperature. The
ee!tri!a !on"u!ti+ity of a semi!on"u!tor in!reases
,ith temperature. The resisti+ity of a semi!on"u!tor
in!reases ,ith temperature :etas an"
semi!on"u!tors ha+e simiar ee!tri!a !on"u!ting
properties
3. The beha+iour of metas an" semi!on"u!tors is
usuay "is!usse" in terms of ban" theory. 4hi!h
statement is not true2 A partiay fie" ban" is
!hara!teristi! of a meta. Foping $i ,ith As
enhan!es its semi!on"u!ting properties. Aan"
gaps +ary among "ifferent semi!on"u!tors but are
a,ays reati+ey arge. Aan" gaps for insuators
are arge
%. 4hi!h statement gi+es incorrect information about
the formation of =aB(s) from =a(s) an" B
2
(g)2
=a is o)i"i<e" an" B re"u!e". An ioni! atti!e
forms. Aoth the ioni<ation of =a an" ee!tron
atta!hment to B are e)othermi! pro!esses. 4hen
=aB forms from its gaseous ions, energy is reease".
6. 4hi!h statement is true about an NL
2
atti!e:
the !oor"ination number of N
2n(
is t,i!e that of L
nE
the !oor"ination number of N
2n(
is haf that of L
nE
the unit !e !ontains t,i!e as many N
2n(
ions as L
nE
the !oor"ination en+ironments of N
2n(
an" L
nE
are the
same.
8. The stan"ar" enthapy of formation of =aB is E411
/R mo
E1
. Csing "ata from the appen"i!es of Inorganic
C!emistry, the +aue of S
atti!e
"
o
(=aB,s) ("efine" for
the formation of =aB) is "etermine" to be:
E1483 /R mo
E1
E686 /R mo
E1
(1483 /R mo
E1
(686 /R mo
E1
8. 4hi!h of the foo,ing statements is incorrect
:a"eung !onstants for :N
2
atti!es are greater than
those for :N atti!es. Cse of the Aorn7Pan"T
e-uation is restri!te" to atti!es for ,hi!h an
ee!trostati! mo"e is appropriate. :a"eung
!onstants are stru!ture "epen"ent. A atti!e
energy is an interna energy !hange, an"
atti!e
#(0 9)
=
atti!e
"(288 9).
10. Hons su!h as &B='
E
may be regar"e" as being
spheri!a in some atti!es. This is be!ause: ea!h ion
is appro)imatey spheri!a the ions are freey
rotating the ions are in ran"om orientations
the ions are either freey rotating or in ran"om
orientations
11. The !oor"ination nos of Ti(H?) an" ;
2E
in rutie are,
respe!ti+ey: % an" # # an" % 2 an" 4 4 an" 2
12. An e)ampe of a !ompoun" that !rystai<es ,ith a
ayer stru!ture is: B"H
2
BaF
2
Un$ $n;
2
1#. =a
2
$ !rystai<es ,ith an antifuorite stru!ture.
4hi!h statement is true about this stru!ture2
The !oor"ination number of ea!h $
2E
!entre is 8.
*a!h =a
(
ion is ,ithin a !ubi! arrangement of $
2E
ions.
The stru!ture is base" on an BaF
2
stru!ture, ,ith
=a
(
ions in =a
2
$ o!!upying the same sites as Ba
2(
ions
in BaF
2
. The $
2E
ion is tetrahe"ray site".
14. 4hi!h statement is incorrect2
Ba; !rystai<es ,ith the BsB stru!ture.
4urt<ite an" <in! ben"e are poymorphs of Un$.
V7Bristobaite is one !rystaine form of $i;
2
.
BaTi;
#
(pero+s/ite) is an e)ampe of a "oube o)i"e
13. A unit !e of @e;
#
!onsists of a !ubi! arrangement
of @e atoms ,ith ; atoms !entre" aong ea!h e"ge of
the !ube. The !oor"ination number of ea!h @e atom is:
% # 8 2
Chapter !cids bases ions and a"ueous solutions
1. Hn group 1, +aues of the first ioni<ation energies
foo, the or"er Pi D =a D 9 =a D 9 W @b W
Bs 9 D =a D Pi @b D 9 D =a
2. Hn group 1, +aues of the metai! ra"ii foo, the
or"er: Pi D =a D 9 =a > 9 > @b
9 D @b D Bs Bs > 9 > Pi
#. 4hi!h ion iberates the most energy on hy"ration2
=a
(
9
(
@b
(
Bs
(
4. 4hi!h statement is correct2 $o"ium nitri"e has
the formua =a=
#
9 rea!ts ,ith =
2
to gi+e 9
#
=
Pithium nitri"e forms ,hen Pi rea!ts ,ith =
2
$oi"
ithium nitri"e is an insuator
3. .ero)i"e, supero)i"e an" o<oni"e ions are,
respecti$e%y: &;
2
'
E
, &;
2
'
2E
, &;
#
'
E
&;
2
'
2E
, &;
2
'
E
,
&;
#
'
E
&;
2
'
E
, &;
2
'
2E
, &;
#
'
2E
&;
2
'
2E
, &;
2
'
E
, &;
#
'
2E
%. .ero)i"e an" supero)i"e ions are, respecti$e%y:
"iamagneti! an" "iamagneti! paramagneti! an"
paramagneti! paramagneti! an" "iamagneti!
"iamagneti! an" paramagneti!
6. 4hat happens ,hen A "isso+es in a-ueous =a;12
$oube =aA(;1)
4
forms A
2
;
#
pre!ipitates
A(;1)
#
pre!ipitates &A(;1
2
)
%
'
#(
forms ,hi!h
then oses 1
(
8. 4hen a/ai meta ions are !ompe)e" ,ith the !y!i!
ether 187!ro,n7%, the most stabe !ompe) is forme"
,ith: Pi
(
=a
(
9
(
@b
(
8.The e-uiibrium: 2=a = =a
(
( =a
E
!an be shifte" to
the right7han" si"e by: !arrying out the rea!tion in
i-ui" =1
#
a""ing T1F (a mono"entate !y!i!
ether) to !ompe) the !ation a""ing 187!ro,n7% (a
he)a"entate !y!i! ether) to !ompe) the !ation
forming a !ryptate !ompe)
10. $o"ium amagam is use" as: an o)i"i<ing agent
a re"u!ing agent a "rying agent a sour!e of =a
E
11. ;f the options gi+en beo,, ,hi!h is the safest ,ay
to "ispose of =a meta2 A"" sma amounts of =a to
propan727o A"" sma amounts of =a to ethano
A"" sma amounts of =a to propan717o A""
sma amounts of =a to ,ater
12. =a
#
= a"opts an anti7@e;
#
stru!ture. 4hi!h
statement is true about the unit !e of =a
#
=2 =
#E
ions
o!!upy !orner sites =a
(
ions o!!upy !orner sites
=
#E
ions o!!upy e"ge sites =a
(
ions o!!upy fa!e
sites
1#. 1.:A (he)amethyphosphorami"e,) is use" in the
synthesis of ithium7!ontaining !ompoun"s un"er non7
a-ueous !on"itions. 4hi!h statement about 1:.A is
incorrect2 1:.A is a non7!oor"inating so+ent
1:.A is poar 1:.A "isso+es PiAr
1:.A has the potentia to form hy"rogen bon"s
14. The enthapy !hange for the "isso!iation: :
2
(g) X
2:(g) is: more positi+e for Pi
2
than for 9
2
more positi+e for @b
2
than for 9
2
more positi+e for
=a
2
than for Pi
2
more positi+e for Bs
2
than for 9
2
13.4hi!h statement is true2 Bs rea!ts e)posi+ey ,ith
1
2
; Pi rea!ts e)posi+ey ,ith 1
2
; @b "oes
not rea!t ,ith 1
2
; The rea!tion bet,een 9 an"
1
2
; is ess +igorous than that of =a an" 1
2
;
1%. 4hi!h t,o !hemi!as are manufa!ture" on a arge
s!ae in the !hora/ai in"ustry2 =a an" B
2
=aB
an" B
2
=a;1 an" B
2
=aB an" =a;1
16. The Fo,ns pro!ess is use": to manufa!ture =a;1
to ee!troyse moten =aB as the main manufa!turing
pro!ess for B
2
to manufa!ture =aB
18. 4hi!h one of the foo,ing sats is sparingy
soube in ,ater, the other sats being rea"iy soube2
PiB Pi=;
#
Pi
2
B;
#
PiH
18. =a
2
; rea!ts ,ith ,ater to gi+e: =a;1 as the ony
pro"u!t =a;1 an" 1
2
;
2
=a;1 an" ;
2
=a;1 an" 1
2
20. 4hi!h is e)othermi!2
9(g) ( e
7
X 9
7
(g) 9(g) X 9
(
(g) ( e
7
9(s)
X 9(g) 9
(
(a-) X 9
(
(g)
Chapter #: $eduction and o%idation
1. Hn ,hi!h of the foo,ing is the meta re"u!e"2
(These are not baan!e" e-uations).
&Fe(B=)
%
'
4E
&Fe(B=)
%
'
#E
&:n;
4
'
E
:n;
2
&:n;
4
'
2E
&:n;
4
'
E
&Br
2
;
6
'
2E
&Br;
4
'
2E
2. For the !e: 2Ag
(
(a-) ( Un(s) 2Ag(s) ( Un
2(
(a-)
&
o

!e
= 1.3% ?. The +aue of S'
o
is:
130 /R per moe of Un E%02 /R per moe of Ag
E#01 /R per moe of Ag E#01 /R per moe of Un
#. Hf S'
o
(#30 9) = E62 /R mo
E1
, the +aue of ( is
3.% ) 10
10
4.2 ) 10
12
3.3 ) 10
24
1.2 ) 10
28
4. For a thermo"ynami!ay spontaneous !e rea!tion,
,hi!h statement is correct) &
o
(re"u!tion)
must be more negati+e than &
o
(o)i"ation). &
o
(o)i"ation) must be more negati+e than &
o
(re"u!tion).
&
o
!e
shou" be negati+e. The "ifferen!e bet,een &
o
(re"u!tion) an" &
o
(o)i"ation) must be more than 1.0 ?
3. Cse Appen"i) 11 in Inorganic C!emistry to
"etermine &
o
!e
for the rea!tion: B
2
( 2Ar
E
2B
E
(
Ar
2
The +aue is: E2.43 ? E0.26 ? 0.26 ? 2.43
?
%. Cse Appen"i) 11 in Inorganic C!emistry for this
-uestion. For a Bu
2(
(a-) G Bu(s) haf7!e (at 288 9) in
,hi!h &Bu
2(
' = 0.02 mo "m
E#
, & is (0.44 ?
(0.#8 ? (0.28 ? (0.24 ?
6.p1 affe!ts the & +aue for: the re"u!tion of &Br
2
;
6
'
2E
to Br
#(
the re"u!tion of Br
#(
to Br
2(
the re"u!tion of
Br
2(
to Br the re"u!tion of Br
#(
to Br
8. Poo/ at Figure 6.2 in Inorganic C!emistry. Hn
a/aine soution, the +aue of &
o
(at p1 14) for the
re"u!tion of &:n;
4
'
E
to :n(;1)
2
is:
(0.%# ? (0.33 ? (0.#4 ? (1.%8 ?
8.Poo/ at Figure 6.4 in Inorganic C!emistry. Barbon
,i re"u!e Fe; to Fe at: 1300 9 800 9 600 9 300 9
11. Poo/ at the representations of the :;s in Figure
4.2# in Inorganic C!emistry. 4hi!h statement about
these :;s is incorrect2 The a
2
00 :; "oes not possess
AEF bon"ing !hara!ter. The e0 :; !ontains a
no"a pane. The a
1
0 :; has AEF 7bon"ing
!hara!ter. The e0 :; is one of a pair of "egenerate
:;s.
13.Figure 4.28 in Inorganic C!emistry gi+es an :;
"iagram for the formation of &1F
2
'
E
. 4hi!h statement
is incorrect about this bon"ing pi!ture2 The bon" or"er
of ea!h 1EF bon" is 1. There is one :; ,ith
net bon"ing !hara!ter. The bon"ing !an be
"es!ribe" as a #7!entre 27ee!tron intera!tion.
The
g
Y :; !ontains # no"a panes.
Ans,ers !hapter 4
1. sp
#
an" sp
2
2. NeF4 #.
1
G
O2
4. the formation of the components of two double bonds
5. the O 2pz atomic orbital interacts with an in-phase
combination of H 1s atomic orbitals 6. 2py 7. lonepair
character 8. ll the bondin! "Os are e#ui$alent. %. &he
'() bond order is 1. 1*. +ondin! pictures for
+2H6 in$ol$e multicentre brid!e bonds. 11. &he a2,, "O
does not possess +() bondin! character. 12. a1g- t1u- eg 1..
/H. has C.$ symmetry- but +H. belon!s to the D.h point
!roup 14. 0ach resonance structure possesses two
locali1ed /2O double bonds 15. &he bond order of each
H() bond is 1.
1. nD D D 2. 1e
2(
3. 230 4. 2.10 )
10
E%
s
E1
5. first or"er /ineti!s 6. Bf, A/,
=o 7. C 8. shifts the ,a+enumber for the ;E
1GF stret!h to a o,er +aue 9. I an"
1 10 "oubet 11. "oubet of -uartets 12. be
abe to rea"iy "istinguish A by running
#1
. an"
#1
.J
1
1K
=:@ spe!tra 13. a "oubet superimpose" on a
singet 14. a "oubet an" a tripet ,ith reati+e
integras 2:1 15. The spe!trum of trans74B
2
F
4
!ontains t,o signas
Ans,ers 1. BF
#
2. a C
2
a)is #. $;# 4. 1
2
$ an" ;F
2
3 =1
#
%

NeF
4
. 6. C
2+
8

C
2+
8 NeF
4
10 &.F
%
'
E
11$F
3
B 12. The point group !hanges from
#h
to *
"
1#. 4 +ibrationa mo"es, 2 of ,hi!h are "egenerate 14.
8. 13. $ymmetri! stret!hZ asymmetri! stret!h ("ouby
"egenerate)Z one absorption
Bhapter1 ans,ers2
Bo+aent =aBp is forme". is poymeri! ,ith
tetrahe"ra Ae. Tetrahe"ra Ht is sparingy soube
in ,ater
Hn A
2
.h
4
( 7B B.h)
2
, the bri"ge bon"s !an be
"es!ribe" in a simiar ,ay to those in A
2
:e
4
( 7.h)
2
.
.h D :e poymeri! ,ith trigona bipyrami"a .b.
@
#
As from AsB
#
an" a suitabe Qrignar" reagentZ @
3
As
from o)i"ati+e a""ition of B
2
to @
#
As an" treatment
,ith @Pi. J(:e
#
$i)
2
B1K
4
$n
2
Z the $n
2
B
4
unit is non7
panar. :e
2
QeB
2
( 2Pi :e
2
Qe ( 2PiB
Hn the soi" state, Bp
2
.b has a poymeri! stru!ture
&(B
3
:e
3
)
2
Qa'
(
is isostru!tura ,ith &(B
3
:e
3
)
2
A'
(
.
The pro"u!t !ontains the &.h
#
B'
(
ion.
Bp
2
:g is monomeri!.
A "iamagneti! sat is forme"
Chapter 3 Symmetry
1. 4hi!h of the foo,ing "oes not !ontain a C
#
a)is2
.;B
#
&=1
4
'
(
&1
#
;'
(
BF
#
2.4hi!h symmetry eements "oes cis+=
2
F
2
!ontain2
a C
2
a)is a
h
pane an in+ersion !entre, I an ,
2
a)is
#. 4hi!h if the foo,ing spe!ies possesses
both C
#
and C
2
a)es2 $;
#
=1
#
.B
#
&1
#
;'
(
4. 4hi!h t,o spe!ies beong to the same point group2
NeF
2
an" ;F
2
1
2
; an" B;
2
1
2
$ an" ;F
2
&=;
2
'
(
an" &=;
2
'
E
3. 4hi!h of the foo,ing beongs to the C
#+
point
group2 $;
#
AAr
#
=1
#
AB
#
%. 4hi!h moe!ue "oes not ha+e *
"
symmetry2
$iF
4
.
4
B1
4
NeF
4
6.4hi!h moe!ue or ion has
#h
symmetry2
&1
#
;'
(
B1B
#
&B;
#
'
2E
=F
#
8. $;
2
beongs to ,hi!h point group2 C
2+
C
2

[h
C
2h
8. 4hi!h of the foo,ing moe!ues or ions possesses
a C
4
prin!ipa a)is2 NeF
4
BF
4
$F
4
&.F
4
'
(
10. 4hi!h of the foo,ing moe!ues or ions possesses
an in+ersion !entre (!entre of symmetry)2
&.F
%
'
E
$i1
4
AF
#
.F
3
11. 4hi!h of the moe!ues or ions beongs to the C
4+

point group2 $F
3
B &A1
4
'
E
NeF
4
trans74B
2
F
4
12. 4hi!h statement is true about the !hange in
symmetry on going from AF
#
to &AF
4
'
E
2 The point
group !hanges from
#h
to *
"
The point group
!hanges from C
#+
to *
"
The point group
!hanges from
#h
to
4h
The point group !hanges
from
#h
to C
#+
1#. B;
2
has: # +ibrationa mo"es 4 +ibrationa
mo"es, 2 of ,hi!h are "egenerate stret!hing mo"es
ony
an H@ a!ti+e symmetri! stret!h
14. The number of "egrees of +ibrationa free"om
possesse" by B1
4
is: 10 % 4 8
13. 4hi!h of the foo,ing gi+es the !orre!t "es!ription
of the +ibrationa mo"es of $;
#
, an" ho, many
absorptions "o these +ibrationa mo"es gi+e rise to in
the H@ spe!trum of $;
#
2 $ymmetri! stret!hZ
asymmetri! stret!h ("ouby "egenerate)Z one absorption
$ymmetri! stret!hZ asymmetri! stret!h ("ouby
"egenerate)Z t,o absorptions
$ymmetri! stret!hZ asymmetri! stret!hZ t,o absorptions
$ymmetri! stret!hZ asymmetri! stret!hZ one absorption