Tamoxifen Citrate

Posted on October 30, 2013 by Maxim Peptide

Tamoxifen Citrate is largely considered to be an antagonist peptide of the estrogen receptors found in breast
tissue. It is sometimes referred to as Nolvadex, Valodex, or Istubal.
Mechanics of Tamoxifen Citrate
According to scientific research that has been conducted on animal test subects, the precise mechanisms relating
to ho! Tamoxifen Citrate !or"s is not completely "no!n. #o!ever, it is generally theori$ed that the peptide !or"s
by being an antagonist of the estrogen receptors found in breast tissue. %pecifically, its antagonistic properties are
lin"ed to its active metabolite "no!n as hydroxytamoxifen.
&hat this means, is that the peptide is such that it does not induce a biological response once it is bound to a
specific receptor. Instead, it functions to bloc" or inhibit the typical agonist'mediated response that !ould normally
tie in !ith certain cellular functions, such as its properties of secretion. As such, scientific study based on animal
test subects have determined that Tamoxifen Citrate binds !ith estrogen receptors found in breast tissue and
inhibits the production of endocrine'related secretions by the cells located !ithin the tissue. This then inhibits the
production of estrogen that is produced by breast tissue cells.
Additionally, it has been determined that Tamoxifen Citrate is cytotastic, meaning that the peptide does not cause
cellular death as a part of its functionality.
Theoretical (enefits of Tamoxifen Citrate
%cientific research that has been conducted on animal test subects relating to Tamoxifen Citrate has determined
that the peptide could provide a host of theoretical benefits.
The primary focus of this research is related to Tamoxifen Citrade)s relation to the treatment of breast cancer in pre'
and post'menopausal animal test subects. It has been determined that the proliferation of some breast cancer
cells is promoted by activated estrogen receptors in the breast tissue. This has also been determined to be a root
cause of metastatic breast cancer, or breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. %cientific study
conducted on animal test subects has determined that the peptide)s capability to inhibit estrogen receptors in
breast tissue cells can slo! do!n the proliferation of cancerous cell production. This in turn can be utili$ed to curb
the gro!th and spread of breast cancer !ithin animal test subects.
*ther theoretical benefits that have been lin"ed to the functionality of Tamoxifen Citrate include+
Treatment of McCune-Albright syndrome , This condition is a genetic disorder that is caused by endocrine
hyperfunction. The syndrome is caused by an excess production of estrogen and is mar"ed by an imbalance of
s"in pigmentation throughout the body, bone deformity in the s"ull and extremities, and the onslaught of puberty
at an unusually early time -a condition that is sometimes referred to as precocious puberty.. %cientific research
conducted on animal test subects has determined that the peptide)s ability to inhibit the production of estrogen
may cause a regulatory effect on such secretions, !hich could in turn stem the proliferation of this syndrome.
Treatment of Gynecomastia , This condition is mar"ed by the benign enlargement of breast tissue in male
animal test subects. It is theori$ed that the peptide)s ability to bloc" the production of estrogen could inhibit the
triggering of this type of enlargement.
Treatment of Riedels thyroiditis , This chronic form of autoimmune thyroiditis is caused by a dense fibrosis that
invades the thyroid and causes symptoms related to tracheal compression. It is theori$ed that the peptide)s
inhibiting /ualities could result prohibit the release of secretions related to the cause of the fibrosis.
Potential Negative Side Effects of Tamoxifen Citrate
it should be noted that there have also been a fe! potential negative side effects that have been associated !ith
the Tamoxifen Citrate. %ome of these side effects lin"ed to the peptide include+
&eight gain
Absence of menstrual periods
Vaginal discharge
0atigue
0luid retention
1ane in bones
Cataracts
Conditions related to blood clots, including pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis
For Scientific Use Only
&hile there have been several scientific studies conducted on animal test subects in order to determine Tamoxifen
Citrate)s range of mechanics, theoretical benefits, and negative side effects, it should be noted that all findings that
are associated !ith the peptide are still considered to be the product of current laboratory research. (ecause
Tamoxifen Citrate is currently in the research phase, any study or usage li"ed to the mechanics, operations,
benefits, and side effects of the peptide should exclusively be contained to the restrictions of a strictly controlled
environment such as a laboratory or medical research facility.