paradigm IT PVT.LTD.

www.paradigm.in
DATE: 8/4/2011
PAGE NO: 1
PREPARED: RJ
CHECKED: JA
HELICAL STAIRCASE
Reference : "Reinforced Concrete Designer's Handbook" by 'Charles E. Reynolds
and James C. Steedman', Tenth Edition, Page No.389
INPUT
Inner Radius, R
i
780mm :=
Outer Radius, R
o
1880mm :=
Height between two floor levels, H
f
3.205m :=
Tread, t 250mm :=
Rise, h
r
170mm :=
Width of the staircase, b 1100mm :=
Thickness of the slab, t
w
100mm :=
Density of concrete, 25
kN
m
3
:=
DL of stair, DL
s
t t
w
t
w
h
r
+
( )
b
t
:= DL
s
4.62
kN
m
=
Selfweight of finishes (50 bed, stone finish&ceiling), F
w
1.65
kN
m
2
:=
DL of finishes per metre run, DL
f
t h
r
+
( )
b F
w

t
:= DL
f
3.049
kN
m
=
Total DL, DL DL
s
DL
f
+ := DL 7.669
kN
m
=
LL
s
2
kN
m
2
:=
Live load for stairs,
Total LL, LL LL
s
b := LL 2.2
kN
m
=
Total loading per unit length
projected along the centre-line of load,
n 1.35 DL 1.5 LL + := n 13.653
kN
m
=
Radius of centre-line of loading, R
1
2
3

R
o
3
R
i
3

R
o
2
R
i
2

:=
R
1
1.406m =
paradigm IT PVT.LTD.
www.paradigm.in
DATE: 8/4/2011
PAGE NO: 2
PREPARED: RJ
CHECKED: JA
Raduis of centre-line of steps, R
2
R
o
R
i
+
2
:=
R
2
1.33 m =
Angle subtended in plan between point considered and midpoint
of the stair,

0
15
30
45
60
75
97.5

deg :=
0
0.262
0.524
0.785
1.047
1.309
1.702

=
i 0 6 .. :=
Total angle subtended by helix in plan,
195deg :=
3.403 =
Slope of tangent to helix centre-line measured from horizontal,
fi
H
f
3.14 R
2

:= fi 0.767 =
atan fi ( ) 37.504 deg =
atan fi ( ) :=
37.504 deg =
0.655 =
To find the design coefficients k1, k2 & k3
Width of the stair, b 1.1m =
Thickness of the stair, h t
w
:=
b
h

11 =
R
1
R
2

1.057 =
From Curve
k
1
0.049 := k
2
0.853 := k
3
0.141 :=
paradigm IT PVT.LTD.
www.paradigm.in
DATE: 8/4/2011
PAGE NO: 3
PREPARED: RJ
CHECKED: JA
RESULTS
Redundant moment acting tangentially at mid span,
M
o
k
1
n R
2
2
:=
M
o
1.183 kN m =
Horizontal redundant force at midspan,
H k
2
n R
2
:=
H 15.49kN =
Vertical moment at support, M
vs
k
3
n R
2
2
:= M
vs
3.405 kN m =
For different values of
,
Lateral moment,
M
n
i
M
o
sin
i
( )
sin ( ) H R
2

i
tan ( ) cos
i
( )
sin ( )
H R
2
sin
i
( )
cos ( ) n R
1
sin ( ) R
1
sin
i
( )
R
2

i

( )
+ +
... :=
M
n
0
6.668
12.82
18.002
21.866
24.22
24.94

kN m =
Torsional moment,
T
i
M
o
sin
i
( )
H R
2

i
cos
i
( )
tan ( ) n R
1
2
sin
i
( )
+ n R
1
R
2

i

cos ( )
H R
2
sin
i
( )
sin ( ) +
... :=
T
0
0.07
0.214
0.47
0.813
1.126
1.051

kN m =
paradigm IT PVT.LTD.
www.paradigm.in
DATE: 8/4/2011
PAGE NO: 4
PREPARED: RJ
CHECKED: JA
Vertical moment,
M
y
i
M
o
cos
i
( )
H R
2
tan ( )
i
sin
i
( )

( )
+ n R
1
2
1 cos
i
( )

( )
:=
M
y
1.183
0.991
0.501
0.04
0.255
0.315
3.677

kN m =
Thrust, N
1
i
H sin
i
( )
cos ( ) n R
1

i
sin ( ) := N
1
0
6.24
12.263
17.867
22.879
27.166
32.069

kN =
Lateral shearing force across stair,
V
n
i
n R
1

i
cos ( ) H sin
i
( )
sin ( ) :=
V
n
0
1.546
3.258
5.291
7.779
10.823
16.562

kN =
Radial horizontal shearing force,
V
h
i
H cos
i
( )
:= V
h
15.49
14.962
13.414
10.953
7.745
4.009
2.022

kN =
paradigm IT PVT.LTD.
www.paradigm.in
DATE: 8/4/2011
PAGE NO: 5
PREPARED: RJ
CHECKED: JA
Reinforcement due to vertical moment
d
c
25mm := f
ck
40
N
mm
2
:= f
y
460
N
mm
2
:=
d t
w
d
c
:= d 75 mm =
Limiting Moment, M
ulim
0.167 f
ck
b d
2
:= M
ulim
41.3 kN m =
Tension reinforcement,
M
des
min M
y
M
ulim
,
( ) ( )
:= M
des
3.7kN m =
k
M
des
b d
2
f
ck

:= k 0.015 =
Lever arm, l
a
0.5 0.25
k
0.908
+ := l
a
0.983 =
l
amax
if l
a
0.95 < l
a
, 0.95 ,
( )
:=
A
st
M
des
l
amax
d 0.87 f
y

:= A
st
128.948 mm
2
=
Minimum reinforcement, f
ctm
3.5
N
mm
2
:= Table 3.1 (EN 1992-1-1:2004)
A
smin
0.26
f
ctm
f
y
b d := A
smin
163.207 mm
2
=
8mm :=
Spacing
1000mm

2

A
st
:= Spacing 389.812 mm =
Provide 8mm := dias 200mm := A
s1
1000mm
s

2

4
:= A
s1
251.327 mm
2
=
Reinforcement due to lateral moment
M
des
min M
n
M
ulim
,
( ) ( )
:= M
des
24.9 kN m =
k
M
des
1m d
2
f
ck

:= k 0.111 =
Lever arm, l
a
0.5 0.25
k
0.908
+ := l
a
0.858 =
l
amax
if l
a
0.95 < l
a
, 0.95 ,
( )
:=
A
st
M
des
l
amax
d 0.87 f
y

:= A
st
968.8mm
2
=
paradigm IT PVT.LTD.
www.paradigm.in
DATE: 8/4/2011
PAGE NO: 6
PREPARED: RJ
CHECKED: JA
Area of steel for one tread
A
tr
A
st
t
w
t +
( )
1m
:= A
tr
339.086 mm
2
=
Area of one bar A
b
A
tr
4
:=
A
b
84.772 mm
2
=
Provide 12mm := dia 4 Nos A
s2

2

4
:= A
s2
113.097 mm
2
=
Shear Reinforcement
Flexural Reinforcement provided, A
s1
251.327 mm
2
=
if
A
s1
b d
0.02
A
s1
b d
, 0.02 ,

:= 3.046 10
3
=
0.699
f
ck
mm
2
N

200
:= 0.499 =
if 0.5 < 0.5 , , ( ) := 0.5 =
v
max
0.3 f
ck
:= v
max
6
N
mm
2
=
v
c
0.814
N
mm
2
=
V
Rd2
v
max
b d := V
Rd2
495 kN =
V
n
max V
n
( )
:= V
n
16.562 kN =
Applied shear stress
v
V
n
b d
:=
v
0.201
N
mm
2
=
Shear stress due to torsion,
T max T ( ) := T 1.126kN m =
t
T
0.23b
2
t
w
:=

t
0.04
N
mm
2
=
v
v

t
+ := v 0.241
N
mm
2
=
As v v
c
< safe for shear.