Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), Delhi
B.Ed. Entrance Exam., 2!
"art#$ %ection&I General En'lish (omprehension Directions)*ead the +ollo,in' passa'e care+-lly and pic. o-t the /est ans,er o-t o+ the o-r choices 'iven in the 0-estions that +ollo,. $ d-ty is an o/li'ation. It is somethin' ,e o,e to others as social /ein's ,hen ,e live to'ether. 1e m-st let others live ,ith -s. 2y ri'ht o+ livin' implies my d-ty to my +ello, /ein's to allo, them the same conditions o+ li+e. In +act, ri'hts and d-ties are correlated. 1hat is a ri'ht in re'ard to one may /e a d-ty in re'ard to others. *i'hts and d-ties are t,o sides o+ the same coin. 1e sho-ld al,ays o/serve +rom the standpoint o+ others. 2oral d-ty is more e++ective than le'al ri'hts. $ moral d-ty is that ,hich is /indin' -pon the people on moral 'ro-nds. It is my moral d-ty to help the poor /eca-se o+ /ein' a mem/er o+ the society. I m-st try to create conditions that contri/-te to the ,el+are o+ h-manity. %imilarly, I o,e a d-ty to my parents)to /e o/edient and respect+-l to them. 3his d-ty ori'inates +rom the sense o+ responsi/ility ,hich is directly related to o-r conscience. %o this is concerned ,ith a moral d-ty ,hich any person o,es ,itho-t a le'al /onda'e. $ sense o+ d-ty is paramo-nt +or the proper development o+ civili4ation. 5ypocrisy is 0-ite reverse to the sense o+ d-ty. It involves ,ic.edness, ,hile d-ty involves sincerity and +aith+-lness. 6. $ccordin' to the passa'e, ri'hts and d-ties are) ($) 3,o sides o+ the same coin (B) (orrelated (() Both ($) and (B) (D) Neither ($) nor (B) 2. $ccordin' to the passa'e le'al d-ty is) ($) 2ore important than moral d-ty (B) 7ess important than moral d-ty (() 2ore e++ective than moral d-ty (D) 7ess e++ective than moral d-ty 8. D-ty comes +rom) ($) *esponsi/ility (B) 7e'al /onda'e (() 5ypocrisy (D) None o+ the a/ove 9. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' statements is not correct accordin' to the passa'e : ($) 5ypocrisy involves ,ic.edness (B) 5ypocrisy is opposed to d-ty (() D-ty involves sincerity (D) %ense o+ d-ty is not important +or the development o+ civili4ation ;. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' moral d-ties has not /een mentioned in the passa'e : ($) 2oral d-ty to,ards o-r motherland (B) 2oral d-ty to,ards o-r parents (() 2oral d-ty to,ards the poor (D) 2oral d-ty to contri/-te to the ,el+are o+ h-manity <. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' is not related to moral d-ty : ($) %ense o+ responsi/ility (B) (onscience (() 5ypocrisy (D) %incerity =. 1hy is it a d-ty to help the poor : ($) Beca-se I am poor (B) Beca-se I am rich (() Beca-se I /elon' to the society (D) Beca-se God ,ants this !. 1hy sho-ld I /e o/edient and respect+-l to my parents : ($) Beca-se o+ my sense o+ responsi/ility (B) Beca-se o+ le'al /ondin' (() Beca-se o+ civili4ation (D) Beca-se o+ hypocrisy >. ?1e sho-ld al,ays o/serve +rom the standpoint o+ others.@ 3his is a) ($) %imple sentence (B) (omplex sentence (() (ompo-nd sentence (D) "hrase 6. 3he ,ord Aal,aysB in ?1e sho-ld al,ays o/serve +rom the standpoint o+ others@ is aCan ($) $dver/ (B) $dDective (() No-n (D) Eer/ $ns,ers F 6. ($) 2. (D) 8. ($) 9. (D) ;. ($) <. (() =. (() !. ($) >. ($) 6. ($) "art#$ %ection&II 7o'ical G $nalytical *easonin' Directions)(H. 66&69) In each o+ the +ollo,in' 0-estions an incomplete series o+ n-m/ers, ,ith one /lan. is 'iven. Identi+y the missin' mem/er +rom the 'iven alternatives. 66. 6, 2=, 62;, I:I, =2> ($) 292 (B) 869 (() 8= (D) 898 62. 2, ;, 6, ;, ;, I:I ($) 2; (B) ;< (() ;; (D) ;9 68. 8, 69, 9=, I:I, 998, 6889 ($) <6 (B) !> (() 69< (D) 99; 69. 2, >, 8, >8, 2!2, I:I ($) !9> (B) !9< (() <9> (D) =9< Directions)(H. 6;&6!) In each o+ the +ollo,in' 0-estions there are +ive 'ro-ps o+ letters. Jirst is the primary one, +ollo,ed /y +o-rK o-t o+ ,hich one is di++erent +rom the rest. Identi+y this odd mem/er. 6;. IIL7 ($) HH%E (B) EEJ5 (() $$BD (D) 22N" 6<. $B$( ($) B(BD (B) "*"H (() (D(E (D) %3%U 6=. BM3" ($) ONG( (B) DOE* (() M3ON (D) E$1% 6!. DIN% ($) 52%M (B) JN"U (() LO3P (D) N%M( 6>. 1hich pair is di++erent in some ,ay +rom others in the +ollo,in' pairs : ($) Bottle and in. (B) (an and oil (() Ba' and clothes (D) Boat and ship Directions)(H. 2&29) In each o+ the +ollo,in' 0-estions there are +ive +i'-res. Jirst is a re+erence +i'-re. $mon' the ans,er +i'-res one +i'-re does not /elon' to the class to ,hich the +irst +i'-re /elon's. Identi+y this odd +i'-re. Directions)(H. 2;&2!) In each o+ the +ollo,in' 0-estions t,o statements are +ollo,ed /y t,o concl-sions. $ss-min' that the t,o 'iven statements are tr-e (ho,ever a/s-rd they may /e) decide ,hich o+ the t,o concl-sions +ollo,s strictly +rom the 'iven statements. %elect the most appropriate alternative. 2;. $ll men are chairs. $ll animals are chairs (oncl-sions F I. $ll men are animals. II. No animal is a man. ($) Only I +ollo,s (B) Only II +ollo,s (() Both I and II +ollo, (D) Neither I nor II +ollo,s 2<. B-c.ets are means o+ transport. %tairs are means o+ transport. (oncl-sions F I. B-c.ets are stairs. II. %ome stairs are /-c.ets. ($) Only I +ollo,s (B) Only II +ollo,s (() Both I and II +ollo, (D) Neither I nor II +ollo,s 2=. No /ird has ,in's. $ll /irds are rational. (oncl-sions F I. %ome rationals have ,in's. II. 1in'less are /irds. ($) Only I +ollo,s (B) Only II +ollo,s (() Both I and II +ollo, (D) Neither I nor II +ollo,s 2!. $ll philosophers are rational people. %ome rational people are happy. (oncl-sions F I. %ome happy people are philosophers. II. %ome happy people are rational. ($) Only I +ollo,s (B) Only II +ollo,s (() Both I and II +ollo, (D) Neither I nor II +ollo,s 2>. 1hich is the +o-rth letter to the le+t o+ the letter that is mid#,ay /et,een AOB and A"B in A($*DIOG*$"5B : ($) D (B) I (() O (D) * 8. 1hich is the odd term in the +ollo,in' list : ($) Lan-ary (B) 2ay (() $pril (D) $-'-st $ns,ers ,ith Explanation F 66. (D) 62. ($) 68. (() 69. ($) 6;. ($) 6<. (B) 6=. (() 6!. ($) 6>. (D) In all the rest the +irst is -sed to +ill the second. 2. ($) $ll the rest are consonants ali.e ALB ,hile A$B is vo,el. 26. (B) $ll the rest are per+ect s0-ares. 22. (B) In all the rest the lo,er desi'ns are the mirror ima'e o+ the -pper desi'ns. 28. (D) In all the rest, the st. lines are /oth sides o+ the middle desi'n. 29. (B) In all the rest /oth the leaves are not Doined at one place. 2;. (D) 2<. (D) 2=. (B) 2!. (B) 2>. ($) 8. (() $ll the rest have thirty days each. "art#$ %ection&III Ed-cational and General $,areness 86. Ganpati +estival ,as started /y) ($) Lyoti/a "h-le (B) Gopal Nrishna Go.hale (() 2. G. *anade (D) Bal Gan'adhar 3ila. 82. 3he name AIndian National (on'ressB ,as 'iven /y) ($) %. N. BanerDee (B) Jero4 %hah 2ehta (() Dada/hai NaoroDi (D) 2. G. *anade 88. German %ilver is the alloy com/ination o+) ($) (opper, Oinc and Nic.el (B) (opper, $l-mini-m and Nic.el (() (hromi-m, Nic.el and 2erc-ry (D) (opper, 7ead and (hromi-m 89. 1ho is considered the AG-ardian o+ p-/lic p-rseB : ($) "resident (B) "arliament (() (omptroller and $-ditor General (D) "-/lic $cco-nts (ommittee 8;. 1here is Nandapa 1ild#li+e %anct-ary : ($) $ndhra "radesh (B) $r-nachal "radesh (() 5imachal "radesh (D) 2adhya "radesh 8<. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' committees on ed-cation is considered as the 2a'na (arta o+ En'lish Ed-cation in India : ($) 1oodBs Despatch (B) *alei'h (ommission (() %addler (ommission (D) 5-nter (ommission 8=. 1ho said)?"atriotisim is reli'ion and reli'ion is love +or India@ : ($) %,ami Eive.ananda (B) *aD Narain Bose (() Bal Gan'adhar 3ila. (D) Ban.im (handra (hatterDee 8!. 3he +amo-s ANirtistam/haB at (hittor ,as /-ilt /y) ($) *ana "ratap (B) *ana N-m/ha (() *ana 5ammir (D) *ana %an'ram %in'h 8>. Gold coins in India ,ere +irst introd-ced /y) ($) %a.as (B) "arthians (() Indo#Gree.s (D) N-shans 9. 7i'ht year is the -nit o+) ($) 3ime (B) Distance (() 7i'ht (D) Intensity o+ li'ht 96. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' is .no,n as Amornin' starB : ($) Een-s (B) 2ars (() L-piter (D) %at-rn 92. $ll the +ollo,in' +oods lac. vitamin (, except) ($) *ice (B) 2eat (() (heese (D) 2il. 98. 3he +o-rth state o+ matter is) ($) %-per +l-ids (B) %mall particles s-spended in the 'as (() 7i0-id crystals (D) "lasma 99. 3he leadin' prod-cer o+ co++ee in the ,orld is) ($) 3-r.ey (B) Bra4il (() Eene4-ela (D) (-/a 9;. 3he Bh-tia 'ro-p o+ lan'-a'es does not incl-de) ($) 7ada.hi (B) 3i/etan (() 7epcha (D) %herpa 9<. 3he lar'est prod-cer o+ s-'arcane in India is) ($) $ndhra "radesh (B) G-Darat (() "-nDa/ (D) Uttar "radesh 9=. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' matchin's is ,ron' : ($) EiDaya,ada ) Narmada (B) 7-c.no, ) Gomti (() Badrinath ) $la.nanda (D) $yodhya ) %ary- 9!. 3he +irst n-clear reactor o+ India ,as named as) ($) Urvashi (B) *ohini (() Namini (D) $psara 9>. J-ndamental ri'ht to ed-cation has /een /ro-'ht thro-'h) ($) !8rd (onstit-tion ($mendment) $ct (B) !<th (onstit-tion ($mendment) $ct (() >8rd (onstit-tion ($mendment) $ct (D) ><th (onstit-tion ($mendment) $ct ;. Inte'rated (hild Development %cheme (I(D%) caters to) ($) Early (hild care and Ed-cation alone (B) Early child care and Ed-cation ,ith +ive other components (() Early (hild care and Ed-cation ,ith +o-r other components (D) Early (hild care and three other components ;6. Ed-cation (ommission in independent India ,hich +oc-sed on %econdary Ed-cation ,as chaired /y) ($) Dr. D. %. Nothari (B) $. 7a.shmis,ami 2-daliar (() Dr. %. *adha.rishnan (D) 3ri'-na %en ;2. Ed-cation (ommission in pre#independence India ,hich comprehensively covered all aspects o+ ed-cation is .no,n as) ($) %addler (ommission (B) 5-nter (ommission (() %ar'ent "lan (D) $//ot#1ood *eport ;8. 3arachand (ommittee provided recommendations on) ($) %t-dentBs Unrest (B) *eli'io-s and 2oral Ed-cation (() Eocationalisation o+ Ed-cation (D) %econdary Ed-cation ;9. %tate expendit-re o+ < percent o+ G. D. ". ,as recommended /y) ($) Nothari (ommission (6><<) (B) National Ed-cation "olicy (6><!) (() National "olicy on Ed-cation (6>!<) (D) *evie, (ommittee on N"E (6>!<) ;;. 3he latest National (-rric-l-m Jrame,or. /y N(E*3 came into existence in) ($) 2 (B) 29 (() 2; (D) 2< $ns,ers F 86. (D) 82. (() 88. ($) 89. (B) 8;. (B) 8<. ($) 8=. ($) 8!. (B) 8>. (D) 9. (B) 96. ($) 92. (D) 98. (D) 99. (B) 9;. ($) 9<. (D) 9=. ($) 9!. (D) 9>. (B) ;. (B) ;6. (B) ;2. (B) ;8. (D) ;9. (() ;;. (() "art#$ %ection&IE 3eachin'#7earnin' and 3he %chool ;<. 1hat ,o-ld /e yo-r approach i+ a st-dent interr-pts in yo-r class : ($) Po- ,ill as. him to leave the class (B) Po- ,ill as. him to /ehave properly (() Po- ,ill assess his reasons to do the same (D) Po- ,ill 'ive him extra home#,or. ;=. 5o, ,o-ld yo- pre+er to address a st-dent ,ho has not completed his home#,or. : ($) 1hen are yo- 'oin' to complete it : (B) Po- did not do it. 3ry it (() 1hy did yo- not complete it : (D) Po- /etter i'nore it no, ;!. %chools sho-ld /e concerned ,ith the development o+ child, ,hich sho-ld incl-de) ($) $c0-isition o+ .no,led'e /y the child (B) $c0-isition o+ li+e#s.ills /y the child (() $c0-isition o+ s.ills re0-ired /y the nation (D) $c0-isition o+ s.ills re0-ired /y a healthy person ;>. 3he main reason +or non#achievement o+ +-ll literacy in India is) ($) 7ac. o+ +-nds (B) Incapa/ility o+ -tili4ation o+ +-nds (() 7ac. o+ s-ita/le +acilities (D) 7ac. o+ ,ill to achieve the 'oal <. 3he main p-rpose o+ A"arent#3eacher#$ssociation ("3$)B in any school is to) ($) Neep st-dents in chec.Ccontrol (B) (ollect additional +-nds +or remedial teachin' (() %hare -nderstandin' o+ the pro/lems +aced /y school (D) Involve parents +or improvement o+ school +-nctionin' <6. %t-dent 'ives a partially correct response to yo-r 0-estion. 3hen yo- ,ill) ($) %ee. +-rther in+ormation (B) "rovide rein+orcement (() *e+rame yo-r 0-estion (D) 3ell the correct in+ormation <2. %chool can /e called a social a'ent i+) ($) It transmits .no,led'e (B) It ed-cates a/o-t ri'hts and d-ties (() It imparts .no,led'e a/o-t traditions and val-es (D) It or'anises vario-s activities <8. One /asic di++erenc /et,een traditional schools and open learnin' schools is that) ($) 3he +ormer are systematic (B) 3he latter do not c-ltivate c-lt-ral val-es (() 3he latter -se modern 'ad'ets (D) 3he +ormer carry personal to-ch <9. %chool can /e considered a II 'ro-p as +ar as socialisin' a'ency is concerned. ($) "rimary (B) %econdary (() %-pplementary (D) 3ertiary <;. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' statements is not tr-e: ($) $c0-isition o+ Ali+e#s.illsB is part o+ mat-ration (B) $c0-isition o+ Ali+e#s.illsB is part o+ social process (() A7i+e#s.illsB are directly mo-lded (D) A7i+e#s.illsB are learnt <<. $ st-dent ,ants to share his pro/lem ,ith his teacher and visits the teacher +or the same at his home. In s-ch a sit-ation, the teacher sho-ld) ($) %-''est to him to escape +rom his home (B) (ontact the st-dentBs parents and provide help (() Extend reasona/le help and /oost his morale (D) 1arn him to never visit his home <=. I+ a st-dent alle'es a'ainst yo- +or sho,in' +avo-ritism in eval-ation o+ scripts, ho, ,o-ld yo- deal ,ith him : ($) *eDect his alle'ations (B) $dopt p-nitive meas-re (() 2a.e e++orts to reveal his position (D) %ho, his ans,er /oo. and +e, more <!. 3he maDor responsi/ility ,ith ,hich school personnel have /een entr-sted is that o+) ($) $dD-stin' social demands to the needs o+ the child (B) $dD-stin' the child to con+orm to the demands o+ society (() (han'in' h-man nat-re to con+orm to social expectations (D) "reparin' the child to chan'e the society <>. In order to develop a 'ood rapport ,ith st-dents, a teacher sho-ld (select the most important activity)) ($) 7ove his st-dents (B) Be +riendly ,ith all (() "ay individ-al attention (D) (omm-nicate ,ell =. 3he /est reason /eca-se o+ ,hich a teacher can command respect +rom his st-dents is i+) ($) 5e +ollo,s innovative practices in the class (B) 5e dictates notes to the class (() 5e reads and explains the text#/oo. (D) 5e does not 'ive home assi'nment =6. Development o+ moral val-es amon' st-dents is very important. 1hat ,o-ld yo- do to develop the same : ($) Enco-ra'e moral val-e related ,or.s (B) Or'anise lect-res (() Display stories /ased on moral val-es (D) "resent yo-rsel+ as a role model =2. 3eachin' aids are -se+-l /eca-se they) ($) 5elp teacherBs ,or. (B) $ctivate all senses (() 5elp st-dents to /e attentive (D) 2a.e learnin' more meanin'+-l =8. 3eacherBs class#room /ehavio-r sho-ld /e 'ood /eca-se) ($) It ,ill set an example (B) %t-dents ,ill /e more attentive (() Environment ,o-ld /e cond-cive to learnin' (D) %t-dents ,ill appreciate it =9. Po- have a class ,hich is very hetero'eneo-s in hei'ht. Po- sho-ld allo, a seatin' arran'ement) ($) 1hich is random (B) 1here smaller st-dents are allo,ed to sit in s-ch a ,ay that they can see and participate easily in class activities (() 1hich is p-rely /ased on hei'ht (D) 3hat has taller st-dents on one side o+ the class =;. 1hich one o+ the +ollo,in' may not /e the /est reason +or cheatin' in the class#room examination : ($) 3oo la4y to st-dy (B) "arental press-re +or 'ood mar.s (() Jear o+ +ail-re (D) %el+#presti'e =<. In this a'e o+ academic excellence demand, incl-sion o+ 'ames and sports in schools is) ($) $ ,asta'e o+ time (B) 3a.in' a,ay a lot o+ time +rom academic ,or. (() Givin' time +or leis-re or relaxation (D) Necessary +or the co#ordinated development o+ the individ-al ==. 1hich one o+ the +ollo,in' pairs is odd (or not properly associated) : ($) Jroe/el ) "lay,ay (B) 2aria 2ontessori ) Diver'ent thin.in' (() Neller ) (o#operative learnin' (D) GandhiDi ) %oiled hands =!. 1hile teachin' the concept o+ a AcircleB, ,hich one o+ the +ollo,in' ,o-ld /e the /est ,ay to do it : ($) "resent a pict-re o+ a circle (B) "resent pict-res o+ circles o+ vario-s si4es (() "resent pict-res o+ circles and ellipses (D) "resent pict-res o+ circles and poly'ons =>. 3eachin' ,o-ld /e more e++ective i+ the teacher) ($) 2a.es his intent p-rpose+-l (B) Is master o+ the s-/Dect (() Uses vario-s instr-ctional aids (D) Declares his o/Dectives in the /e'innin' !. In a democratic co-ntry li.e India, schools sho-ld concentrate on) ($) Development o+ traits to +ace h-rdles o+ daily li+e (B) Inc-lcation o+ val-es cherised /y the comm-nity (() "reparation +or academic excellence (D) Development o+ traits o+ 'ood citi4enship $ns,ers F ;<. (() ;=. (() ;!. (B) ;>. (D) <. (D) <6. (B) <2. (D) <8. (D) <9. (B) <;. ($) <<. (() <=. (D) <!. (B) <>. (() =. ($) =6. (D) =2. (D) =8. (() =9. (B) =;. (D) =<. (D) ==. (D) =!. (B) =>. (() !. (D) "art#B %ection&E %-/Dect (ompetence (i) %cience +ollo,in' passa'e care+-lly and pic. o-t the /est ans,er o-t o+ the o-r choices 'iven in the 0-estions that +ollo,.!6. (lothes do not dry 0-ic.ly on a rainy day /eca-se on a rainy day) ($) 5-midity is hi'h (B) 5-midity is lo, (() 3emperat-re /ecomes hi'h (D) $tmospheric press-re rises !2. Lo-le is the -nit o+) ($) Jorce (B) "o,er (() Ener'y (D) "ress-re !8. 3he a-di/le ran'e o+ hearin' +or avera'e h-man /ein's is) ($) 2 54 to 2 N54 (B) 2 54 to 2 54 (() 2 54 to 2 N54 (D) 2 N54 to 2 N54 !9. 3riti-m is an) ($) Iso/ar o+ 5ydro'en (B) Isotope o+ 5ydro'en (() Iso/ar o+ heli-m (D) Isotope o+ heli-m !;. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' ions helps in the openin' and closin' o+ stomata : ($) NaQ (B) NQ (() (aQQ (D) None o+ the a/ove !<. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' does not have pl-s (Q) or min-s (&) si'ns mar.ed on it : ($) *esistor (B) $mmeter (() Eoltmeter (D) Battery !=. "hotosynthesis is a) ($) (ata/olic process (B) $na/olic process (() $mphi/olic process (D) $ll o+ these !!. I+ a mirror +orms an erect /-t diminished ima'e o+ an o/Dect placed any,here in+ront o+ it, is a) ($) (oncave 2irror (B) "lane 2irror (() (onvex 2irror (D) (oncave and convex 2irror (/oth) !>. 3he instr-ment to meas-re atmospheric press-re is called) ($) "yrometer (B) 3hermopile (() Barometer (D) 2anometer >. Oran'e colo-r o+ the settin' s-n is d-e to) ($) *e+lection o+ li'ht (B) Di++-sion o+ li'ht (() %catterin' o+ li'ht (D) "olarisation o+ li'ht >6. 1hat is the +inal colo-r o+ /l-e litm-s ,hen a dil-te sol-tion o+ NaO5 is added to it : ($) *ed (B) "in. (() Oran'e (D) Bl-e >2. "ic. the odd one o-t) ($) Jermentation (B) $ero/ic *espiration (() $naero/ic *espiration (D) Breathin' >8. 5ypotonic sol-tion as compared to 5ypertonic sol-tion has) ($) 2ore sol-te (B) 7ess sol-te (() %ame sol-te (D) Nothin' can /e said a/o-t the amo-nt o+ sol-te >9. Eolt is the -nit o+) ($) (har'e (B) (-rrent (() *esistance (D) "otential di++erence >;. 3,o resistors havin' resistances o+ 6 ohm and 2 ohms respectively are connected is series ,ith a /attery. 3he c-rrent thro-'h the 2 ohms resistor is 2 amperes. 3he c-rrent thro-'h the 6 ohm resistor ,ill /e) ($) R; amp (B) 6 amp (() 2 amp (D) 9 amp ><. 3he addition o+ ,hich one o+ the +ollo,in' ,ill decrease the p5 val-e o+ ,ater : ($) (a-stic %oda (B) Ba.in' soda (() %alt (D) 5ydrochloric acid >=. 3he /ranch o+ science that deals ,ith t-mo-rs is) ($) Osteolo'y (B) $natomy (() Oncolo'y (D) Urolo'y >!. "ne-monia is a disease associated ,ith) ($) 7iver (B) 7-n's (() G-ms (D) Nidney >>. ADeci/elB is a meas-re o+) ($) 3ime (B) Distance (() Intensity o+ so-nd (D) Ener'y 6. 1hich o+ the +ollo,in' have the hi'hest +re0-ency : ($) 5eat ,aves (B) %o-nd ,aves (() Ultraviolet rays (D) Gamma rays $ns,ers ,ith Explanation F !6. ($) !2. (() !8. ($) !9. (B) !;. (B) !<. ($) !=. (() !!. (() !>. (() >. (() >6. (D) >2. ($) Jermentation is an en4ymatic trans+ormation o+ or'anic s-/stracts. *est three do not need en4ymatic trans+ormation. >8. (B) >9. (D) >;. (() In series connection same c-rrent +lo,s thro-'h all the resistances. ><. (D) >=. (() >!. (B) >>. (() 6. (D) SSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
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