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The Process of Architecture
The Process of Architecture
POSTED ON: SEPTEMBER 23, 2008 BY BUILD LLC (HTTP://BLOG.BUILDLLC.COM/AUTHOR
/ALEEUWEN/)
Weve received some good questions lately about the process
of architecture from the homeowners point of view. What do
the dierent design stages look like graphically? When does
the process go from diagram to actual architecture? Why do
the graphics look the way they do? How does the imagery
evolve and become something you can actually build from
and eventually live in?
All admirable questions and ones that should be better
explained by us architects. Given that it takes an average of 6
years to learn the architectural design process in school and
another decade to really learn how to implement it in the
practice of architecture the process can be a bit esoteric.
This blog aims to communicate architecture in such a way
that its more understandable and accessible to people. So
here goes the quick and dirty guide to the architectural
process. Now take this with a grain of salt this is just our
process, its not the right way or the wrong way to design, its
certainly not the only way. Put ten architects in a room
together and youll get ten dierent processes (in addition to
a bunch of black turtle necks and acronyms youve never
heard of).
Step 1: Interview and initial discussions
Often a couple of architects are interviewed, the
homeowner(s) and the architect(s) gure out if there is a good
t with one another. Sometimes a homeowner just knows who
they want to partner with (based on a raving recommendation
or a specic design philosophy, etc.) and they skip the
interview step. Typically the architects have a portfolio of past
projects to review and possibly examples of their process.
Step 2: Information gathering + documentation
Homeowner goals, needs and requirements are discussed.
The architects visit the site, review the existing conditions and
The Process of Architecture | Build Blog http://blog.buildllc.com/2008/09/the-process-of-...
1 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
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Design Manifesto
take as-built measurements of what is there (existing
home/property). A set of as-built plans are created and a copy
is given to the homeowner for their records. These are simple
oor plans and exterior elevations a minimal set showing
what currently exists on site and nothing more. A surveyor is
typically contacted at this stage and scheduled to produce a
site survey this survey is eventually incorporated into the
as-built documents. The architects visit the city/county
building department to review applicable records which may
include as-built drawings of an existing home; previous
surveys; public records such as previous liens
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lien) on the property. The
architects gather information from state and city agencies
regarding specic land use and building code requirements as
well as pre-submittal and pre-permit procedures. The
architects also create a work plan to outline what will be done
and by when.
Gathering information with the homeowner(s):
Survey:
2 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
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About Us
The BUILD Blog is a
discussion of modern
design from the
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Architectures
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Scenes
As-built drawings of an existing home:
3 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
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Construction Cost
Cheat-Sheet
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sheet)
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/2012/09/a-mid-century-
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The Process of
Architecture
Step 3: Schematic Design and Feasibility
The architects generate 2-3 preliminary designs incorporating
the information from step two. At this stage the architects are
also bringing design concepts to the table (the stu architects
learned in school). Maybe there was a specic site feature
that could be enhanced with the new architecture or
opportunities within the project not previously discussed. The
architects explore the sequence of how you approach the
house and move through the house. How the home is
experienced is a focus of this stage. The general locations of
the functions within the house are considered and graphically
represented in diagram form. The graphics, illustrations and
sketches are just diagrams at this stage its not architecture
yet. Features like windows may be added schematically or not
at all. Simple plans and elevations are produced to represent
relationships among spaces and the basic envelope shape
(think about it like carving a simple, dumb model out of a
block of clay). Material options start to become part of the
discussion and a target budget is established/conrmed for
the overall project. There are typically 2-4 homeowner
meetings involved with this step. The homeowner makes
decisions with help from the architects regarding the various
schematic options. An overall design strategy is chosen.
Code analysis and envelope possibilities:
Relationship of functions, site considerations, massing studies:
Relationship of functions, massing studies:
4 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
/2008/09/the-process-
of-architecture/)
A Guide to Updating
MCM Homes
/2011/04/a-guide-
to-updating-
mid-century-modern-
homes)
Mid-Century Modern
Remodel
/2009/01/mid-century-
modern-remodel)
Modern Condominium
Build-Out
/2009/07/modern-
condominium-build-out)
BUILD Statement on
Sustainibility
/2008/11/a-statement-
on-sustainability-
by-build-llc/)
The Importance of
Experience
/2009/05
/the-indispensable-
importance-
of-experience)
The Modern List Seattle
/2012/03/the-modern-
list-seattle-6/)
MCM Remodel
Strategies
/2012/04/mcm-remodel-
strategies/)
Forgotten Lessons of
MCM Design
/2011/09/10-forgotten-
lessons-of-mid-century-
modern-design/)
Special Projects
Division at KBIS
Circulation studies, light studies:
Step 4: Design Development + Permit Documents
As decisions continue to be made, the architects develop the
schematic drawings into permit documents. The graphics
evolve from diagrams to actual architecture at this step. The
drawings are rened in regards to details and methods.
Materials are decided on and the architects gure out how
everything ts together (how does the oor meet the wall:
base trim, ush trim, no trim). Window openings are further
dened with mullions and opening locations. Information from
other consultants, like the structural engineer, is developed
and coordinated with the design drawings. Specications for
materials, xtures/ appliances, assembly details, and relevant
code information are incorporated into the project.
Recommendations from trades, suppliers, and manufacturers
are added to the drawing set. The homeowner continues to
make decisions at a more specic level of detail (four or six
5 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
/2012/04/special-
projects-division-at-kbis-
2012/)
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Eye Candy
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burner gas range, which direction do the windows open?)
Material studies and furniture layouts:
Comparative material options:
Building assembly and material breakout:
6 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
webcandy.blogspot.com/)
Le territoire des sens
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Life of an Architect
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materialicious
(http://materialicio.us/)
M.INC.
(http://www.maxoninc.blogspot.com/)
Modern Residential
Design
(http://modresdes.blogspot.com/)
Portland Built
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Co.Design
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Colossal
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Custom Spaces
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Core77
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Design Corner
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Design Milk
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DESIGN PUBLIC
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dezeen
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Fancy
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Freshome
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houzz
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Moco Loco
(http://mocoloco.com/)
Elevation and material studies:
Step 5: Construction Documents + Permit Acquisition
A set of permit drawings is a simplied construction set. The
permit documents are used to submit, coordinate, and obtain
the building permit from the city or county. The city/county
doesnt typically care to review each and every detail of a
home they just want to make sure youre meeting state, city
and local codes. It is typically an eective use of time to turn
in a permit set early, covering the requirements, to get the
ball rolling with the city while the architects continue to work
on a more thorough drawing set required for construction.
The drawings continue to develop down to the very last
7 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
Notcot
(http://www.notcot.com/)
Pinterest
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/all/?category=architecture)
swissmiss
(http://www.swiss-
miss.com/)
The Cool Hunter
(http://www.thecoolhunter.net/)
Trendir
(http://www.trendir.com/)
World Architects
(http://www.world-
architects.com/)
details (how the handrail bracket connects to the wall, how
the tile oor in the shower is sloped to drain)
Construction documents:
Step 6: Selection of a General Contractor
8 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
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General contractors are interviewed and a good t is
established. Sometimes a homeowner just knows who they
want to partner with (based on a raving recommendation or a
specic building philosophy, etc.) and they skip the interview
step.
Step 7: Construction Administration
The documents and drawings for the project are now
complete and construction begins. Typically with a project of
any complexity the architect is retained to answer questions,
deal with clarications and administer revisions if necessary.
The architect also protects the interests of the homeowner
and the integrity of the design. The architect reviews the
invoices, overall costs and scheduling. There is also the option
for a homeowner to go the design-build route but thats
another post
[all skteches, diagrams, drawings and photos by BUILD llc]
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Related posts:
9 of 10 20-06-2014 05:40
A New Visual
Language for
(http://blog.buil
dllc.com
/2008/04
/a-new-visual-
language-
for-architecture/
)
The Black Box
of Architecture
(http://blog.buil
dllc.com
/2007/08
/the-black-
box-of-
architecture/)
Re-thinking
Construction
(http://blog.buil
dllc.com
/2007/12
/re-thinking-
construction-
documents/)
The Poetics of
Project
(http://blog.buil
dllc.com
/2008/09
/the-poetics-
of-project-
tracking/)
POSTED IN BUILD BEHIND THE SCENES (HTTP://BLOG.BUILDLLC.COM/CATEGORY/BUILD-LLC/),
FEATURED (HTTP://BLOG.BUILDLLC.COM/CATEGORY/FEATURED/), VISUAL INFORMATION
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