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India Roof top solar market

Presented by: Adnan Ali (B.Eng)


Contents

What is Photovoltaics
Significance of Roof top PV
Price Comparison
Cost economics of Roof top PV
Incentives and subsidies
Variation in pricing and duration of project
Warranties and certificates
Roof top Example Projects


What is Photovoltaic
Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of generating electrical power by
converting solar radiation into direct current electricity using
semiconductors that exhibit the photovoltaic effect.
In this technology solar panels only use the radiations not the heat of the
sun.



Significance of roof top PV


There are three main benefits of roof top solar project which are attracting
the industrial, commercial and residential customers.
on-site generation of power
Utilising unused roof top space
Reasonable cost

Likewise we have some constraints for Roof top PV also
Solar power will be generated only during the day time
Lack of sufficient roof top space will limit the size of project

Comparison with Diesel generator:
noise and emissions from diesel
Solar power is much cheaper than diesel as solar power rate is Rs. 7-
8/kWh while Rs. 16/kWh using diesel
Advantage of fixing the cost for next 25years


Reasons to go for Roof top PV
Unreliable supply of grid power
(Frequent load shedding as well as power quality issues)
Cost of Power
1. Increasing cost of Grid Power
2. Very High cost of Diesel power

India suffers from a power deficit of 9-10% of peak demand(poor power
quality and productivity losses for businesses)
Industries in Andhra Pradesh alone have suffered losses of Rs. 30,000 Cr
between September 2012 and April 2013


Price Comparison
Diesel price is increasing by 10% every year and so it is estimated in 2015
diesel price will be Rs. 68/litre so the cost of power from diesel would be
Rs. 20/kWh
Cost of power from solar is constant and right now its Rs. 7-8/kWh.
The power price from grid in India varies from state to state.

States Domestic Tariff Rs./kWh Non-Domestic Tariff
RS./kWh
Maharashtra 8.80 10.90
West Bengal 8 8
Kerala 7.50 8.50
Andhra Pradesh 7.30 9
Cost economics of Solar Roof top
A rooftop solar PV system costs approximately Rs. 1,00,000 per kWp
(kilowatt peak) including installation charges but without batteries and
without considering incentives (which are discussed further below). The
cost breakup for a 1 kWp system is given below






Component Amount in RS % of total Cost
PV modules (Crystalline) 52,000

52%
Inverters 23,000 23%
Balance of System (cables)

17,000 17%
Installation

8,000 8%
Total

100,000
Incentives and subsidies
Several incentives are available for rooftop solar PV plants through the Jawaharlal
Nehru National Solar Mission.
Accelerated Depreciation (AD)
Accelerated depreciation of 80% is available under the Income Tax act for
rooftop solar PV systems







*Tax rate can vary for different assesses

*Tax rate can vary for different assesses

It is to be noted that depreciation can be claimed only on business assets and
only against business income. Any method of depreciation used for
accounting or income tax purposes that allows greater deductions in the
earlier years of the life of an asset

Item Rs.
Cost of a 1kW rooftop solar plant (A) 1,00,000.00
Accelerated depreciation @80% 80,000.00
Corporate tax rate* 35%
Tax saved through depreciation (B) 28,000.00
Net cost of rooftop solar plant (A)-(B) 72,000.00

Subsidy from MNRE
Two Types of subsidies from MNRE
1. Capital Subsidy (30% of the project cost)
2. Interest Subsidy (Soft loans @ 5% per annum)
*for commercial/ industrial entities either of capital or interest subsidy
will be available

Savings from capital subsidy


Items Rs.
Cost of a 1 kW rooftop solar plant with battery backup 1,60,000.00

Benchmark cost 1,70,000.00
Subsidy @30% of actual cost 48,000.00
Net cost after subsidy benefit 1,12,000.00
Final Cost of Roof top PV
The final cost to setup the PV plant, after factoring in Accelerated
Depreciation and Subsidy benefit will be
Final cost of 1 kW rooftop PV plant









It is to be noted that there are issues regarding the subsidy payments
Items Rs.
Cost of a 1 kW rooftop solar plant 100,000.00
Subsidy @ 30% 30,000.00
Net cost after subsidy 70,000.00
Accelerated depreciation @80% 56,000.00
Tax rate 35%
Tax saved through depreciation 19,600.00
Net cost after both AD and Subsidy 50,400.00
Variations in Pricing
Overstatement of capacity
Compromised installations (quality)
Brands (Tier 1 manufacturers)
Certifications/Standards
Warranties
PV Panels Industry standard warranty is
5-year manufacturing defect
0-10 years for 90% of the rated output power
10-25 years for 80% of the rated output power
Other systems Inverters, mounting structures, cables, junction boxes,
etc. typically come with a 1 year manufacturer warranty which can be
extended to 5 years

Duration of Roof top PV
Three factors
1. Plant size
2. Site conditions
3. Permissions required
* Typically rooftop plants can be installed within two weeks to 3 months of
the project being confirmed
*It should be noted here that processing of subsidies may take much longer.

Best regions for solar roof top in India
Location
Orientation of roof
Ambient temperature
* Generally in India Its 4-7kWh of solar insolation per square meter.
Map for solar Insolation in India
Warranties and certifications
Warranties Certifications









Solar panels:
5 Years warranty for manufacturing defects IEC 61215/IS 14286 Design
qualification and type approval
0-10 years for 90% rated output IEC 61730 Safety
10-25years for 80 % rated output IEC 61701/IS 61701 Salt mist
corrosion testing
Inverters
Inverters are typically warranted for 1 year,
with optional extension up to 5 years.

IEC 61683/IS 61683 Efficiency
IEC 60068-2 (1, 2, 14, 30)
Environmental testing(Cold,Dry,heat,
Change of temperature, Damp heat
cyclic)



Batteries
Batteries are typically warranted for 1 year,
with optional extension up to 5 years.

Capacity-weigh :Capacity should correspond
with the weight e.g., a 100 Ah battery should
weigh about 32 Kgs.
Batch number This should be embossed (and
not provided through a sticker) on the body

Charge Controller/MPPT units
Charge controllers and MPPT units are typically
warranted for 1 year, with optional extension
up to 5 years.

IEC 60068-2 (1,2,14,30) Environmental
testing(Cold,Dry,heat,
Change of temperature, Damp heat cyclic
Cables
Cables are typically warranted for 1 year, with
optional extension up to 5 years.

IEC 60227/IS 694 General test and
measurement of PVC cables
IEC 60502/IS 1554 (Part I & II) Working
voltage up to and including 1100 V and UV
resistance for outdoor installation of PVC
cables

Roof top Example projects
Sri Vishnu Educational Society (West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh)
The Sri Vishnu Educational Society commissioned a 200
kW rooftop solar plant at their Bhivaram Campus at the end of 2013. The
plant is expected to supply 10% of the campuss power needs and break
even in 5 years
Thermax (Pune, Maharashtra)
Thermax constructed a 100 kW solar PV plant on the
roof of their Pune office to offset grid power consumption. The plant used
both mono and polycrystalline panels, dual-axis tracking, and remote
monitoring. Construction time was 8 weeks
Alpine Knits (Tirupur, Tamil Nadu)
Alpine Knits, a spinning mill in Tirupur, Tamil Nadu,
commissioned a 1 MW rooftop, grid-connected, DG synchronised solar
plant in March 2013. Construction time was 2 months


Thank You

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