HIGH YIELD

1) MARKERS
Condition Marker
Diffuse Scleroderma 1) Anti-Scl-7 A! "anti-D#A to$oisomerase I anti%od&)
') (#A $ol&merase III "anti-(#A )ol-III)
C(ES* Anti-centromere anti%od&
)ol&m&ositis+
Dermatom&ositis
)ositi,e A#A- $ositi,e anti-.o-1 anti%odies
SLE 1) Anti-dsD#A "s$ecific- $oor $ro/nosis) 0
') Anti-Sm anti%od& "s$ecific- not correlated 1+ $ro/ress)
CA# ALS2 3a,e Anti-SS-A"(o)
Dru/ Induced Lu$us Anti-3istone anti%odies "sensiti,e %ut not s$ecific- can %e in SLE too)
S4o/ren5s S&ndrome 1) Anti%odies to ri%onucleo$rotein anti/ens6
----7 Anti-(2+SS-A "more sensiti,e- less s$ecific) -7 7-89: of $ts
----7 Anti-La+SS-! "more s$ecific- %ut less sensiti,e) -7 ;-8: of $ts
') < serum A#A
=) < serum (3eumatoid >actor "(>) --7 in 8:
Serone/ati,e
S$ond&loart3ro$at3ies
? Ank&losin/ s$ond&litis+ (eacti,e art3ritis+ )soriatic art3ritis
HLA-!'7
(3eumatoid Art3iritis HLA-D(@A
1) < (> "%inds to >c $ortion of I/G- assB 1+ increased mor%idit&)
') Anti-CC) ? anti-c&clic citrullinated $e$tide anti%od& "more s$ecific %ut less
sensiti,e t3an (>)
=) < A#A "in =: of $ts)
@) S&no,ial fluid6 C ,iscosit&- C C=- D E!Cs
9) Inflammation : D ES(- D C()
;) Serum $rotein electro$3oresis6 $ol&clonal /ammo$at3& due to increased I/G
Sarcoidoses D serum le,els of ACE- calcium- /amma/lo%ulins
MiFed connecti,e
tissue disorders
1) Anti-U1 RNP (antibodies against a U1 ribonucleoprotein comple!
especiall" t#e $%&' epitope) is re(uired to diagnose M)*'
') A#A "anti%odies a/ainst nuclear anti/ens) 1it3 a s$eckled
immunofluorescence $attern
=) (3eumatoid >actor "anti-I/G) is $ositi,e in 7: of $atients
@) Anti-CC) "anti%odies a/ainst c&clic citrullinated $e$tide) are $ositi,e in 9:
of $atients
Multi$le Sclerosis HLA A=- !7- D('- DE'
CSF: electrophoresis shows proteins (IgG) often manifest as multiple
oligoclonal bands, leukocte count, protein, melin basic protein, normal
glucose
M&ast3enia Gra,is Anti-acet&lc3oline rece$tor
Good$asture5s
S&ndrome
Anti-%asement mem%rane
Celiac Disease Antiendom&sial I/A
Anti/liadin I/A
Anti-tissue trans/lutaminase I/A
*&$e 1 Dia%etes Anti-Insulin
Anti-Islet cell
)ernicious Anemia Anti-$arietal Cell
Anti-Intrinsic factor
Has3imoto5s *3&rB Antimicrosomal
Gra,e5s Anti-*SH rece$tor
Ee/ener5s
Granulomatosis
Anti$roteinase =
Microsco$ic Antim&elo$eroFidase
)ol&an/iitis
)rimar& !iliar&
Cirr3osis
Antimitoc3ondrial
') *GM2( MA(HE(S
*umor Marker Associated Cancer
A+P He$atocellular Carcinoma- Yolk Sac tumor "endodermal sinus tumor) of o,ar& or
testes
,ence -ones Protein Multi$le M&eloma or Ealdenstrom5s Macro/lo%ulinemia "re$resent li/3t c3ains
in urine)
)A 1.-/ !reast carcinoma
)A 10-0 )ancreatic- colorectal carcinomas
)A 11. Surface-deri,ed o,arian cancer "serous c&stadenocarcionmaA 3el$ful in
distin/uis3in/ from mali/nant tumors)
)EA Colorectal and $ancreatic carcinomas "monitor for recurrences)
2'3 Mali/nant l&m$3oma "$ro/nostic factor for res$onse to standard t3era$&)
PSA )rostate Carcinoma "also increased in $rostate 3&$er$lasia)
=) A)HASIA S&ndromes
A$3asia S$ontaneous
S$eec3
Com$re3ension (e$etition Associated
features
!roca5s S$arse and
nonfluent
(elati,el&
$reser,ed
Im$aired (i/3t 3emi$aresis
Eernicke5s >luent 0
,oluminous %ut
lacks meanin/
Greatl& diminis3ed Im$aired (i/3t su$erior
,isual field defect
Conduction >luent 1+
$3onemic errors
(elati,el&
$reser,ed
Ier& $oor #oneB
!roca J Caudal Inferior frontal /&rus of t3e dominant "left) 3emis$3ere J !rodmann areas @@+@9
Eernicke5s J Caudal Su$erior tem$oral /&rus J !rodman area ''
-7 Genital Glcers
#ame 2r/anism (K
Painless c3ancre "$rimar&)
-7 Gre& %ase
*reponema Pallidum )enicillin
Painless6 Granuloma In/uinale
-7 (ed %eef& %ase 1+ raised mar/ins-
l&m$3adeno$at3& L same time as ulcer
'ono4ania
5ranulomatis
'o"c"cline "*etra)
Alt6 AMit3rom&cin
Painless6 L&m$3oma Granuloma Ierenereum
"!u%os)
-7 Adeno$at3& a fe1 da&s after
)#l"madia
*rac#omatis (21! 21!
2/)
'o"c"cline (*etra)
alt6 Er"t#rom"cin
(Macro)
Pain6ul6 Genital 3er$es J ,esicles+ulcers
-7 small $im$les+%lister
3S7-1 Ac&clo,ir
Pain6ul6 C3ancroid
-7 $us filled- sore+eroded+ra//ed ed/es- soft to
touc3
3aemop#ilus
'ucre"i
AMit3rom&cin
CeftriaFone
Ci$rofloFacin
Er&t3rom&cin
E$idi&mitis "testicular $ain+inflamB) #B Gonorr3ea CeftriaFone- CefiFime-
Cef$odoFime
7 Dru/s actin/ on M&eloid cells+ M&eloid Gro1t3 >actors
Dru/ M2A Indication *oFicit&
5-)S+
(+ilgrastim)
Stimulates G-CS>
rece$tors eF$ressed on
mature neutro$3ils and
t3eir $ro/enitors
-7 Doesn5t increase N of
%aso$3ils- eosino$3ils or
monoc&tes
1) (educe duration of
neutro$enia
') Mo%iliMe $eri$3eral %lood
$ro/enitor cells
=) >or %one marro1 /raft
failure
!one $ain-
rarel&- s$lenic ru$ture
Peg6ilgrastim Lon/ actin/ form of >il/rastim 1+ a co,alent addition of $ol&$ro$&lene /l&col
molecule at t3e #-terminus
5M-)S+
(Sargramostim)
Acts t3rou/3 a distinct GM-
CS> rece$tor to stimulate
$roliferation and
differentiation of earl&+late
/ranuloc&tic $ro/enitor
cells- and er&t3roid and
me/akar&oc&te $ro/enitorsB
1) (educe duration of
neutro$enia
') Mo%iliMe $eri$3eral %lood
$ro/enitor cells
=) >or %one marro1 /raft
failure
Granuloc&tosis-
%one $ain"art3ral/ia)-
m&al/ia- fe,er-
nausea- ca$illar& leak
s&ndrome and ras3
82-11
(9prel4e&in)
)re,ent se,ere c3emot3era$&-induced t3rom%oc&to$enia and to reduce t3e need for
$latelet transfusions follo1in/ m&elosu$ressi,e c3emot3era$& for nonm&eloid
mali/nanciesB