ONGC a Wealth Creator

Types of Drilling
Exploratory Drilling-
To establish commercially viable oil & gas reserves.
Development Drilling-
To exploit already proven reserves.
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Steps Involved in Drilling a Well
Selection of drilling location based on geological/
seismic survey data
Preparation of drill-site/survey of sea-bed for moving
rig
Rig-move/Rig building
Spudding a well
Drilling the well upto TD and lowering of production
casing / Liner
Hermetical testing of Production Casing.
Well Planning
Collection of Geo-prognosticated data and analysis.
Study of offset well histories and complication if any.
Selection of Casing Seats.
Planning of directional profile incase of directional
well.
Casing Design
Drill string design
Drill bit selection
Hydraulics
Selection of well head /BOP and other Well control
equipments
Drilling fluid Policy
Cementing Policy
Classification of Rig
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A semi-submersible rig is a special type of oil rig designed for drilling
in ultradeep water. Essentially, it is a giant floating platform that can
take on water to sink lower; this is why it is called a semi-submersible
rig. Because there is no way to anchor these rigs securely, they use
engines to remain in one place.
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The Drillship shown is capable of operating at a water depth up to
12,000ft (3,650m) and having capacity of drilling wells upto 40,000ft
(12,200m).
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The drilling barges are smaller, more mobile and less technically
demanding than the other units
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Conventionally, drilling tenders are only deployable next to fixed
platforms. Presently it has been enhanced to provide drilling contractors
and operators the flexibility to operate even in deep waters.
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Jack Up Type Rig
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A Submersible Rig
LAND RIG
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LAND RIG
#2 E&P Company in the world
LAND RIG
TRAILOR RIG
RIGS IN ONGC as on March 2013
ONSHORE
E-3000
E-2000
E-1400
E-760
ARMCO
BI-2000
BI-1500
F-6100
F-4900
IPS-700-M
IR-900
ONSHORE RIG (OWN) = 68
OFFSHORE RIG (OWN)= 09
OFFSHORE
Jack ups
Sagar Pragati
Sagar Gaurav
Sagar Jyoti
Sagar Kiran
Sagar Shakti
Sagar Uday
Sagar Ratna
Drill ships
Sagar Vijay
Sagar Bhushan
HIRED OFFSHORE RIG = 31
TOTAL FLEET OF RIGS = 121
HIRED ONSHORE RIG = 13
Wells Drilled in 2012-13
RIG CLASSIFICATION
BY DRAWWORKS POWER
1000HP (E-760)
1500HP (BI-1500, E-1400)
2000HP (BI-2000, E-2000, National1320)
3000HP (E-3000, National 1625)
Divided Into Following Categories:
Hoisting Equipment
Rotary Equipment
Circulating Equipment
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Major Drilling Rig Equipment
Draw Works Front
View
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Hoisting Equipment
Draw Works Rear view
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Hoisting Equipment
Crown Block
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Crown Block
Mounted on beams at the top of the derrick
Most crown blocks have from 4 to 7 sheaves
which may be as large as 5 ft in diameter
The sheaves of this block have restraints to
keep the line from jumping the sheave in case of
slackness occurs.
Equipped with extra sheaves to accommodate a
sand line and a cat line.
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Travelling Block
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Travelling Block
Moves up and down in derrick
Is attached to a hook.
Consists of several sheaves made of high
quality steel mounted on large dia anti friction
bearing
Drilling lines reeved in pulleys
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Hook
Hook
Is large joining device suspended from
traveling block
Supports drill string during drilling
Supports drill string during tripping using
elevator links and elevators
Rotates on bearings in its support housing
Has strong and big spring inside to cushion
the weight of drill pipe so that tool joint
threads are not damaged in making up and
breaking out drill pipe.
Has safety latch for swivel
Has locking arms or link ears at both sides for
elevator links
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Swivel
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Rotating
Equipment
Swivel
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Functions of swivel
Suspend the drill stem
Permit free rotation
Passage to drilling fluid
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Rotary table
Functions:
To impart rotation to bit through string
To support weight of drilling/casing string
whenever required
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Classification:
by max. opening: 17-1/2, 20-1/2, 27-1/2, 37-
1/2 & 49-1/2, 60 etc.
By dead load rating: 250 t, 450t, 500t, 650t etc.
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Kelly Bushing, Master Bushing and Rotary Table
Top Drive System
Suspended in the derrick
Performs several rotary drilling functions at a time
a. It rotates the drill stem
b. Serves as a passage for Drilling mud
c. Supports the drill stem in the hole
Rig uses top drive in place of Swivel, Kelly, Kelly
bushing and Rotary Table.
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The rotary table and muster bushing are retained
as a place for floor hands and to set the slips to
suspend the drill stem in the hole.
Stands are used in place of singles
String can be rotated during POOH which is not
possible with rotary table
Top drive
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Top drive
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Top drive
TOP DRIVE
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Circulating System
MUD CIRCULATION SYSTEM
Mud Pump
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3 pistons and liners
Fluid displaced on forward stroke only.
Compact size, less weight.
Functions of Mud Pump
To circulate drilling fluid through the well
Displacement of cement
Pressure testing of casing
Mud Pump
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Mud Tanks and Pump
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RIG MOVE/RIG BUILDING
Rig is dismantled into smaller components
The components are loaded on trucks and
trailers by cranes
With movement of components to next location
rig-building is started
On-shore
RAISING OF RIG MAST
SPUDDING A WELL
ONSHORE
False conductor pipe is grouted in the cellar pit
After curing time, well is spudded with drill bit and
Kelly and required no. of drill-collars/drill-pipes.
SPUDDING OF WELL
The well is spudded and drilled upto TD as per plan.
Production casing/liner is lowered according to the
objective of the well.
After casing has been lowered , CBL - VDL is
conducted and thereafter , integrity of casing is tested
Integrity is tested by subjecting the casing to pressure
testing known as hermetical testing
It is conducted by displacing Drilling fluid inside the
casing with water gradually in several steps then
casing is pressurized to the required pressure as per
plan.
MILLED
TOOTH BIT
INSERT BIT
PDC BIT
Bit
Various Major Items for Performing Drilling
DRILL STEM:
ALL MEMBERS IN DRILLING
ASSEMBLY FROM KELLY
TO BIT
BOTTOM HOLE ASSEMBLY
(BHA):
DRILL COLLARS,H.W.D/P
STABILIZERS, JARS,
REAMERS, SHOCK SUBS,
X-OVERS, BIT SUB ETC.
Drill Pipe
Drill Pipe
Steel pipe, approximately 30-foot (9 meter) long,
screwed together to form a continuous pipe
extending from the surface to the drilling bit at the
bottom of the hole.
Rotation of the drill pipe and bit causes the bit to
drill through the rock.
Is used to transmit torque and hydraulic horse power
at the bit.
Drill Pipe Sizes
Available in various Sizes
Outside Diameters (OD) Ranges from 2-3/8 to 6-5/8.
Most Commonly used : 5 OD DP
Rig Floor and Power Tongs
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Drill Pipe Slips
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Drill Collars
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CASING
Casing
While drilling wells for oil & gas, it is necessary to
secure a borehole with steel pipe which is called
casing. Mainly it is essential for isolating one pore
pressure regime from the other and sometimes to
isolate loss/caving prone zones
Purpose of drilling a well is to evaluate one or more
prospective producing zones and provide a means of
producing hydrocarbons that may be found in those
horizons. Casing is that most important means which
provides the facility of production of hydrocarbon
from various reservoirs
Well Schematics
Casing Pipe
Casing Pipe Pin
End Threads
Float Shoe
Casing Float collar
Casing Slip
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Casing Side Door Elevator
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Casing Power Tong
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