KEIL IDE

DEVELOPMENT
TOOL FOR 8051
Introduction
ABSTRACT
This is an introduction to the KEIL development tool
for 8051. This document is brief tutorial of how to
use KEIL and has some simple example programs
Anupama KR & Meetha.V.Shenoy
Embedded System Design

Keil IDE Development Tool for 8051
Keil IDE is an application that allows seamless integration of several different programs into
one development environment. This text editor allows the user to launch different programs including
assemblers, compilers, debuggers, programmers, and more. If configured correctly, the environment
can also read back errors from these programs and display them for the user. Having a development
environment that is made up of several separate programs allows the user to replace any part of the
environment.
If error detection is set correctly, the users errors will be highlighted and the compilers error
message will be displayed. The user never has to leave the editing environment to run the compiler, and
the editor automatically opens any files that contain an error.
When you use the Keil Vision, the project development cycle is roughly the same as it is for any
other software development project.
1. Create a project, select the target chip from the device database, and configure the tool
settings.
2. Create source files in C or assembly.
3. Build your application with the project manager.
4. Correct errors in source files.
5. Test the linked application.
The following block diagram illustrates the complete Vision/ARM software development cycle.


















C Compiler Assembler
C Library User Library Library Manager
Linker/Locator
CPU & Peripheral
Simulation
KEIL ULink JTAG
Adapter
Vision 3 IDE with Editor & Make
Vision 3 Debugger
Vision IDE
The Vision IDE combines project management, a rich-featured editor with interactive error correction,
option setup, make facility, and on-line help. Use Vision to create your source files and organize them
into a project that defines your target application. Vision automatically compiles, assembles, and links
your embedded application and provides a single focal point for your development efforts.
C51 Compiler & A51 Macro Assembler
Source files are created by the Vision IDE and are passed to the C51 Compiler or A51 Macro
Assembler. The compiler and assembler process source files and create re-locatable object files.
The Keil C51 Compiler is a full ANSI implementation of the C programming language that supports
all standard features of the C language. In addition, numerous features for direct support of the 8051
architecture have been added.
The Keil A51 macro assembler supports the complete instruction set of the 8051 and all derivatives.
LIB51 Library Manager
The LIB51 library manager allows you to create object library from the object files created by the
compiler and assembler. Libraries are specially formatted, ordered program collections of object
modules that may be used by the linker at a later time. When the linker processes a library, only those
object modules in the library that are necessary to create the program are used.
BL51 Linker/Locator
The BL51 Linker/Locator creates an absolute ELF/DWARF file using the object modules extracted
from libraries and those created by the compiler and assembler. An absolute object file or module
contains no re-locatable code or data. All code and data reside at fixed memory locations. The absolute
ELF/DWARF file may be used:
To program an Flash ROM or other memory devices,
With the Vision Debugger for simulation and target debugging,
With an in-circuit emulator for the program testing.
Vision Debugger
The Vision symbolic, source-level debugger is ideally suited for fast, reliable program debugging. The
debugger includes a high-speed simulator that let you simulate an entire 8051 system including on-chip
peripherals and external hardware. The attributes of the chip you use are automatically configured when
you select the device from the Device Database.
The Vision Debugger provides several ways for you to test your programs on real target hardware.
Install the MON51 Target monitor on your target system and download your program using
the Monitor-51 interface built-in to the Vision Debugger.
Use the Advanced GDI interface to attach use the Vision Debugger front end with your
target system.
How to use Kiel IDE?
1. Go the /Keil/uv3 folder and click on Keil IDE opens automatically.
2. Open a new Project by selecting New Project from the Project Menu

Figure 1: New Project Window
3. Give your project a name for example test and press Save. (We suggest that you use a separate
folder for each project. You can simply use the icon Create New Folder in this dialog to get a
new empty folder. Then select this folder and enter the name for the new project.)
Kiel IDE will then display the following window as shown in Figure 2

Figure 2: Window to select CPU

4. When you create a new project Vision asks you to select a CPU for your project. The Select
Device dialog box shows the Vision device database. Select Atmel-AT 89C51ED2 and press
OK. This selection sets necessary tool options for the 8051ED2 device and simplifies in this way
the tool configuration.
Keil will then ask you


5. Generally when you are using Assembly Language Programming, you will select the option
No. If you are writing the program in C/C++ you have select option Yes.
6. You will now get a Keil Window shown in Figure 3

Figure 3
7. Now you have to set options for tools. Click on on the toolbar. The window shown in
Figure 4 will appear

Figure 4; Tool options for Target
8. If you are using only the simulator then you can choose your crystal frequency by setting
appropriate value in XTAL option
9. Go to the Debug tab of the tools option window. Select Use Simulator option.

Figure 5: Simulator option for Debug
10. Now press OK so that all your options are saved.
11. To create a new ALP. Go to File Tab and click on New. A new text file will be created as
shown in Figure 6

Figure 6: New File Editor window
12. Go to File tab and use the Save As option and save the file as name.asm You can use any
name for the file the extension will be .asm. Now all the editor options including different
colours for labels, variables, etc.. will be available.
13. Figure 7 shows an example program that adds the contents of the accumulator with the contents
of register r0. You can see that the 8051 assembly instructions and assembler directives are
highlighted in bold. The variables are in purple and the labels are in red.


Figure 7: An example program
14. Now to assemble/compile the file it has to be first added to target source group that appears
on the left window

Figure 8: Target Window

15. To add a file to the source group right click on Source Group the options shown in Figure 9
will appear

Figure 9: Addition of File to Source Group
16. Go to options Add Files to Group Source Group1. A pop-up window will appear select your
assembly file Name.asm and click on the Add button. To close the pop-up window click on
the Close Button. Now if you examine the left side of your Kiel Window you will find that
your file has been added to Source Group1 as shown in Figure 10

Figure 10: File added to Source Group

17. Now to assemble your file click on . Your file will be assembled and if there is any error
it will be indicated in the output window at the bottom of your screen. Refer to Figure 11. The
error along with line number in which the error has occurred (in this case 7) will be indicated.

Figure 11: Error Indicated in output Window.
18. The debugger can then be started by clicking on . The debugger supports both single step
and break points. There are a number of debugging windows. Code Memory CPU
Registers Symbols. This is shown in Figure12

Figure 12: Debug Window

Buttons on the Debug window:
Takes the control back to the editor window.
Resets the system resources [CPU, Internal sub-units of the micro-controller
variables, and the development board]
Is used for single-stepping step over
Is used to step over procedures such as delays etc.
Is used for complete execution of the program
Is used for halting the execution of the program.

There are other buttons available as well, as you move the cursor over the buttons, the purpose
of each button will be displayed.
The debugger is user-friendly GUI and is easy to handle. To set a breakpoint in the program,
the cursor just needs to be moved to the instruction at which the breakpoint is to be set and click on
to set the breakpoint.

Figure 13: Setting Break Points
Indicates where the instruction to which the Program Counter is pointing to.
Indicates the instruction at which there is a breakpoint.
To clear the breakpoint all you have to do is move the cursor to the instruction at which the breakpoint
is set and click on .


The Register Window
The Register window shows the contents of all the registers of 8051 CPU. It shows the content
of the 8051 registers at run time. The contents of the registers can be changed by going to the register
and then clicking on its value.

Figure 14: Register Window
The Memory Window
The memory window shows the contents of memory of 8051. There are four separate memory
windows as shown in Figure 15

Figure 15: Memory Window
To display the contents of any memory location the address of the memory location and the memory
type whether code or data should be typed into .
For example if the contents of data memory at address 040h should be displayed. The valued: 0x40
should be entered into the address box. Then contents of memory location from 0x40 onwards in the
data memory will be displayed as shown in Figure 16.

Figure 16: Data Memory Displayed
Four different such memory locations can be displayed on four such windows.
As mentioned earlier the debugger can be used to monitor the ports and peripherals. The
peripherals option present in the main menu can be used to monitor and modify the status of all the
ports and peripherals that are available in the controller chosen. Refer to figure 17 for more details.















Figure 17: Peripherals menu.

Logic Analyzer Window
The debugger also has the feature of viewing generated signal patterns on port pins. This feature is
useful to verify generated clock signals, for measuring their pulse width, duty cycle etc .This window
can be activated by clicking the Logic analyzer window option in the View option of the main
menu or by clicking the icon in the toolbar.

The window is provided with a setup button which can be used for adding the port lines for monitoring
the waveforms generated. Refer to figure 18 for more details on this window.
















Figure 18: Logic Analyzer window

Example Programs
Example1: Write a program to toggle the contents of Port 1 between 55H and AAH every 0.05 ms.
Program

org 0x00 ; initialize reset vector address
jmp 0x80


org 0x0b
xrl p1,#0ffh
reti

org 0x80
mov 089h,#02h ;TMOD Register configuration
mov 8ch,#156 ;TH0 Register configuration
mov 8ah,#156 ;TL0 Register configuration
mov 0A8h,#82h ; IENO Register configuration
mov a,#55h
mov p1,a
mov 88h,#10h

wait: ajmp wait

end



Example2:
Write a Program to toggle the contents of Port 1 between 55H and AAH on every falling edge of external
interrupt 1
Program

org 0x00 ; initialize reset vector address
jmp 0x80


org 0x13 ; interrupt service routine for external interrupt 1
jmp 0x40

org 0x40
xrl p1,#0ffh
reti

org 0x80
mov 88h,#01h ;configuring to detect the falling edge of ext. int. 1
mov 0a8h,#81h ; enabling the interrupts.. refer to the 8051 data sheet
mov a,#55h
mov p1,a
wait: jmp wait
end