ICS 91.100.

01
Prfung anorganischer nichtmetallischer Werkstoffe
Verschleiprfung mit der Schleifscheibe nach Bhme
Schleifscheiben-Verfahren
In keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker.
Ref. No. DIN 52108 : 2002-07
English price group 07 Sales No. 0107
10.03
DEUTSCHE NORM July 2002
52108
{
No part of this translation may be reproduced without the prior permission of
DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,
has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).
Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.
In case of doubt, the German-language original should be consulted as the authoritative text.
Wear testing of inorganic, nonmetallic materials
using the Bhme abrasive wheel
Continued on pages 2 to 5.
Supersedes
August 1988 edition.
All dimensions are in millimetres.
Foreword
This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee Gesteinskrnungen, Petrographie, Probenahme
und Przision of the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee).
Amendments
This standard differs from the August 1988 edition in that requirements relating to the corundum to be used
and the size of the corundum containers have been specified, and the standard has been editorially revised.
Previous editions
DIN DVM 2108: 1933-03; DIN DVM 2108 = DIN 52108: 1939-10; DIN 52108: 1965-08, 1968-08, 1988-08.
Contents
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3 Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4 Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5 Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
6 Specimens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
7 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
8 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
9 Test report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V.
Provided by IHS under license with DIN
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Page 2
DIN 52108 : 2002-07
1 Scope
This standard specifies an abrasive wheel method for testing the behaviour of inorganic, nonmetallic materials
when subjected to wear caused by grain sliding.
2 Normative references
This standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These norma-
tive references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the titles of the publications are listed below.
For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this
standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of
the publication referred to applies.
DIN 878 Dial gauges
DIN EN ISO 6506-1 Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1 : 1999)
3 Concepts
Wear
The progressive loss of material from the surface of a solid body due to mechanical causes, i.e. contact with
a solid, liquid or gaseous body accompanied by relative movement.
4 Principle
Square plates or cubes with a test surface of (50 t 2) cm
2
are placed on the Bhme abrasive wheel, standard
abrasive is spread over the test track and the wheel is rotated and the specimens subjected to an abrasive force
of (294 t 3) N for a given number of cycles. The wear is determined as a loss in either thickness or volume.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Thickness measuring device
A DIN 878-A dial gauge shall be used to established the loss in thickness, but it shall have, in addition to a
surface plate, a plunger that is mounted on a ball bearing and has an annular contact face with an external
diameter of 8 mm and an internal diameter of 5 mm.
5.2 Wear tester
5.2.1 Test set-up
The Bhme abrasive wheel as shown in figure 1 consists basically of a rotating disc with a defined test track
to receive the abrasive, a specimen holder and a loading device.
The design shown is for illustrative purposes only; however, the dimensions shall be as specified.
Figure 1: Wear tester
Counterweight
Specimen
Test
track
Load
Section A-A
(enlarged detail)
Rotating
disc
Holder
A
Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V.
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Page 3
DIN 52108 : 2002-07
5.2.2 Rotating disc
The rotating disc shall be flat with a diameter of about 750 mm and positioned horizontally with its axis mounted
vertically. When loaded, its speed shall be (30 t 1) min
1
. It shall have a revolution counter and a device that
switches it off automatically after 22 revolutions.
5.2.3 Test track
The test track shall be a 200 mm wide annular surface on the rotating wheel with an internal diameter of 120 mm
and an external diameter of 320 mm, measured from the wheel axis. It shall be replaceable and made of cast
iron having a pearlitic structure with phosphorus and carbon contents of not more than 0,35% (m/m) and of
more than 3% (m/m), respectively. Its Brinell hardness shall be determined as specified in DIN EN ISO 6506-1
and the mean of measurements made at not fewer than ten points along the outer edge of the track shall be
between 190 and 220 HB 2,5/187,5.
The side facing the specimen shall be dressed by grinding and the track shall be designed, if possible, so that
both sides can be used.
The wear of the test track during service shall not exceed 0,3 mm and individual grooves shall not be more than
0,2 mm deep. If these values are exceeded, the track shall be replaced or redressed. After being redressed three
times, the hardness of the track shall be determined again.
5.2.4 Specimen holder
The specimen holder shall be a U-shaped frame about 40 mm thick, positioned with its lower edge (5 t 1) mm
above the test track in such a way that the centre of the specimen is 220 mm from the abrasive wheel axis, with
the angle bead supporting the specimen (see subclause 5.2.5) located at (4 t 1) mm above the wheel. It shall
be mounted so as to prevent vibration during testing.
5.2.5 Loading device
The loading device shall be a lever having two arms of different lengths, a load and a counterweight. The lever
shall be pivoted with as little friction as possible and be virtually horizontal during testing. The plunger shall
transmit the load vertically to the centre of the specimen.
The self-weight of the lever shall be balanced by the counterweight and by the pan receiving the load. The force
acting on the specimen is given by the mass of the counterweight and the pan multiplied by the leverage ratio.
The load shall be calculated and be such as to produce a test force of (294,0 t 3,0) N (equivalent to 5,88 N/cm
2
R 0,06 N/mm
2
).
5.3 Standard abrasive
The standard abrasive
1
) shall be an artificial corundum that produces a wear of 1,1 mm to 1,3 mm and of 4,2 mm
to 5,1 mm when used to test standard granite
2
) and standard limestone
2
) specimens, respectively. It shall have
an Al
2
O
3
content of not less than 99,3% (m/m), a bulk density of (1,48 t 0,07) g/cm
3
and have the particle size
distribution shown in table 1.
Table 1: Particle size distribution of standard abrasive
1
) Information on sources of supply of standard abrasives and on impartial testing laboratories is obtainable
from the Normenausschuss Materialprfung, Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany.
2
) The material is stocked by the laboratory responsible for inspecting standard abrasives.
Screen aperture size, Undersize,
in mm as a percentage by mass
0,125 100
0,09 72 to 83
0,063 11 to 22
0,04 1 to 4
0,02 0 to 2
The maintenance of the abrasive action and compliance with the specified requirements shall be monitored by
an impartial testing laboratory
1
).
Owing to the tendency of corundum grains to segregate, the standard abrasive shall be packed in small
containers, preferably holding 1 kg.
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Page 4
DIN 52108 : 2002-07
6 Specimens
6.1 Shape and preparation
Square plates or cubes having a test surface edge length of (71 t 1,5) mm shall be used as specimens. To
determine the loss in thickness as in subclause 7.2, it is essential for the test surface and the opposite specimen
surface to be parallel and flat. Otherwise, the latter shall be ground or machined so as to be parallel.
6.2 Conditioning
The specimens shall be dried to constant mass at a temperature of (110 t 5) C. The test surface shall normally
be pre-ground as described in clause 7 for four test cycles as defined in subclause 7.4.3. To test damp or water-
saturated specimens, they shall be immersed in water for not less than seven days and wiped with a moist
sponge or cloth prior to every weighing operation so that the surfaces of the specimens always have an equally
damp appearance.
6.3 Number
One specimen shall normally be taken from not less than three different samples or workpieces of the same type.
7 Procedure
7.1 Abrasive wear
Determine the abrasive wear either as a loss in thickness as specified in subclause 7.2 or as a loss in volume
as specified in subclause 7.3.
7.2 Loss in thickness
Prior to testing as specified in subclause 7.4 and after every four test cycles (as in subclause 7.4.3), carefully
clean the specimen and place it with its test surface up on a surface plate. Make a total of nine measurements
at the points shown in figure 2 using the dial gauge, the accuracy being 0,01 mm.
Figure 2: Arrangement of measuring points
7.3 Loss in volume
Prior to testing as specified in subclause 7.4, determine the density of the specimen, r
R
, by measurement and
weighing to accuracies of 0,1 mm and 0,1 g, respectively.
Determine the density of multilayer specimens using specimens taken separately from the layer subject to wear.
If necessary, dress these specimens by grinding prior to testing.
Weigh the specimen to an accuracy of 0,1 g before every test and after four test cycles (see subclause 7.4.3).
7.4 Wear test
7.4.1 Specimen mounting
Evenly spread 20 g of standard abrasive over the test track. Clamp the specimen in the specimen holder with
the test surface facing the track and load centrically with (294 t 3) N.
Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V.
Provided by IHS under license with DIN
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Page 5
DIN 52108 : 2002-07
7.4.2 Grinding
After clamping the specimen, start the wheel, taking care that the standard abrasive on the test track remains
evenly distributed over a path with a width equal to that of the specimen.
7.4.3 Test cycle
Subject the specimen to 16 test cycles each consisting of 22 revolutions.
7.4.4 Cleaning
After each test cycle, clean the wheel and the test surface of the specimen, the latter being rotated through 90
(always in the same sense) and fresh standard abrasive being spread over the test track as described in
subclause 7.4.2.
To test damp or water-saturated specimens, clean and moisten the test track with a moist sponge prior to every
test cycle before spreading the abrasive over it. From the start of the test, water shall be applied in drops to
the test track from a container having an adjustable pivoting nozzle, about 13 ml of water in 180 drops to
200 drops being applied per minute. The drops shall fall from a height of about 10 cm on the centre of the test
track 3 cm in front of the specimen, with the abrasive being continuously returned to the track.
8 Evaluation
The abrasive wear shall be determined after 16 cycles as the mean loss in specimen thickness, Dl, in mm, or
as the loss in specimen volume, DV, in cm
3
per 50 cm
3
, using equations (1) and (2), respectively. Dl can be
calculated from the loss in volume, DV, using equation (3):
Dl = l
0m
l
16m
(1)
Dm
DV = (2)
r
R
Dm DV
Dl = = (3)
r
R
A A
where
l
0m
is the mean of the measurements at all nine points before testing;
l
16m
is the mean of the measurements at all nine points after completion of the test;
Dm is the loss in mass after 16 test cycles;
r
R
is the density of the specimen or, in the case of multilayer specimens, the density of the wearing layer;
A = 50 cm
2
(if the test surface differs from this value, conversion to 50 cm
2
is unnecessary provided that
the dimensional tolerances are maintained).
9 Test report
The test report shall refer to this standard and include the following information:
a) type of material;
b) sampling method;
c) details of specimen preparation and conditioning;
d) specimen dimensions;
e) number of specimens;
f) individual and mean values of abrasive wear, either as a mean loss in thickness, Dl, in mm, to the nearest
0,02 mm, or as a loss in volume, DV, in cm
3
or 50 cm
2
of test surface, to the nearest 0,1 cm
3
;
g) density, r
R
, in g/cm
3
, to the nearest 0,01 g/cm
3
, if the abrasive wear is reported as a loss in volume.
Copyright Deutsches Institut Fur Normung E.V.
Provided by IHS under license with DIN
Not for Resale No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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