New

Inside Out
Pre-i ntermedi ate
Compani on
German Edi ti on
Sue Kay, Vaughan Jones & Ji l l Leatherbarrow
Welcome to the New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Companion!
What information does the New Inside Out Companion give you?
a summary of key words and phrases from each unit of New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Students Book
pronunciation of the key words and phrases
translations of the key words and phrases
sample sentences showing the words and phrases in context
a summary of the Grammar Extra Reference from New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Students Book
Abbreviations used in the Companion
VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS CONSONANTS
(art) article
(v) verb
(v*) irregular verb
(adj) adjective
(n) noun
(phr v) phrasal verb
(pron) pronoun
(prep) preposition
(det) determiner
(f) feminine
(m) masculine
(pl n) plural noun
(adv) adverb
(conj) conjunction
// big fish /bg f/
/:/ green beans /gri:n bi:nz/
// should look /d lk/
/u:/ blue moon /blu: mu:n/
/e/ ten eggs /ten egz/
// about mother /bat m/
/:/ learn words /l:n w:dz/
/:/ short talk /:t t:k/
// fat cat /ft kt/
// must come /mst km/
/:/ calm start /k:m st:t/
// hot spot /ht spt/
// ear //
/e/ face /fes/
// pure /pj

/
// boy /b/
// nose /nz/
/e/ hair /he/
/a/ eye /a/
/a/ mouth /ma/
/p/ pen /pen/
/b/ bad /bd/
/t/ tea /ti:/
/d/ dog /dg/
/t/ church /t:t/
/d/ jazz /dz/
/k/ cost /kst/
/g/ girl /g:l/
/f/ far /f:

/
/v/ voice /vs/
// thin /n/
// then /en/
/s/ snake /snek/
/z/ noise /nz/
// shop /p/
// measure /me

/
/m/ make /mek/
/n/ nine /nan/
// sing /s/
/h/ house /has/
/l/ leg /leg/
/r/ red /red/
/w/ wet /wet/
/j/ yes /jes/
1
Unit 1 (p. 4)
about (30/50/60 etc) (prep) /bat/ ungefhr; circa How old is Ben? I think hes about 30.
actually (adv) (TS) /kuli/ brigens; eigentlich My friends call me Ben. Actually my old friends call me
Tree.
amaze (v) /mez/ verblffen; erstaunen President Roosevelt amazed his staff by remembering
nearly everyones name.
at least /t list/ wenigstens Repeat the name in your head at least three times.
banker (n) /bk/ Bankier A banker is someone who has an important job in a
bank.
break the law /brek l/ gegen das Gesetz If you break the law, you do something that is illegal.
verstoen
breeze (n) /briz/ Brise A breeze is a light, gentle wind.
call (v) /kl/ (1) nennen (Sense 1) My English friends call me Marie.
(2) anrufen (Sense 2) I can always call Dave if Im feeling down.
carefully (adv) /kefi/ aufmerksam When you meet someone for the frst time, listen
carefully to their name.
choose (v) /uz/ whlen Choosing a name for your child is an important
decision.
close friend (n) /kls frend/ guter Freund A close friend is a friend you like a lot and spend a lot
of time with.
decision (n) /dsn/ Entscheidung Choosing a name for your child is an important
decision.
earn (v) /n/ verdienen Bankers earn a lot of money and are very rich.
exercise (v) /ekssaz/ ben; trainieren When you exercise your brain, you think hard in
order to remember or do something.
fashionable (adj) /fnbl/ Mode; modern Its fashionable to choose names of places for
childrens names.
feel down (TS) /fl dan/ sich schlecht fhlen When Im feeling down, I can always talk to him.
be focused on yourself /bi fkst n jself/ auf sich selber If youre too focused on yourself, you wont
konzentriert sein remember peoples names.
follow a trend /fl trend/ einem Trend folgen When people follow a trend, they do something
because it is fashionable.
2
forehead (n) /frd; fhed/ Stirn President Roosevelt visualised the name on the persons
forehead.
friendly (adj) /frendli/ freundlich Someone who is friendly is easy to talk to.
have a go /hv g/ einfach versuchen Its important to participate in class and have a go.
hear of (phr v) /hr v/ hren von Have you ever heard of anyone called Sky, Rain or River?
identify (v) /adentfa/ identifzieren Your name is how you identify yourself and how other
people identify you.
initial (n) /nl/ Initial His initials are CDCharles Denroche.
joke (n) /k/ Witz Do you enjoy telling jokes at parties?
learner (n) /ln/ Lerner A good language learner practises a lot.
left-handed (adj) /lefthndd/ Linkshnder Someone who is left-handed writes with their left hand.
like best /lak best/ am liebsten mgen What do you like best in class reading, writing,
speaking or listening?
local (adj) /lkl/ lokal Dont name your child after your local pizza restaurant or
shopping mall!
maiden name (n) /medn nem/ Mdchenname A womans maiden name is her surname before she was
married.
make a good impression /mek gd mpren/ einen guten Remembering peoples names always makes a good
Eindruck machen impression.
meaning (n) /min/ Bedeutung Does your name have a special meaning?
memorable (adj) /mem()rbl/ unvergesslich Something memorable about a persons appearance is
something that is easy to remember about the way they
look.
memory (n) /mem()ri/ Gedchtnis Ive got a bad memory I can never remember new
vocabulary.
middle-aged (adj) /mdled/ mittleren Alters Someone who is middle-aged is between about 45 and 55.
name (v) /nem/ nennen Madonna named her daughter Lourdes.
name sb after sb/sth (phr v) /nem ft/ jmd nach jmd/ She named her daughter Lourdes after the town in
etwas nennen France.
nature (n) /ne/ Natur Names like Sky, River and Rain all come from nature.
notebook (n) /ntbk/ Notizbuch Write new vocabulary in a notebook.
nowadays (adv) /nadez/ heutzutage Nowadays a lot of people name their children after
famous people.
3
original (adj) /rn()l/ originell People with unusual or original names often feel special.
parking ticket (n) /pk tkt/ Strafzettel Unfortunately when we got back to the car, we had a
parking ticket!
pay attention /pe tenn/ aufpassen The frst step in remembering someones name is to pay
attention.
popular (adj) /ppjl/ populr Beyonc and Britney were popular names a few years ago.
Really? /rli/ Wirklich We went to a fabulous new restaurant in town.
Really? What is it called?
recent (adj) /risnt/ vor kurzem A recent survey showed that people with unusual names
durchgefhrt feel special.
record (v) /rkd/ aufzeichnen Its a good idea to record new words in a notebook.
religious (adj) /rls/ religis Mary is a religious name.
remember (v) /rmemb/ sich erinnern an Do you fnd it easy to remember peoples names?
retired (adj) /rtad/ pensioniert; im Someone who is retired no longer works.
Ruhestand
review (v) /rvju/ berprfen Its important to record and constantly review new
language.
shopping mall (n) /p ml/ Einkaufspassage A shopping mall is a very large building with a lot of
shops.
shy (adj) /a/ schchtern Someone who is shy feels nervous when they are with
other people.
side of the family /sad v fmli/ Seite der Familie Which side of the family is bigger your mothers side
or your fathers side?
speak out (phr v) /spik at/ sich melden; seine People who are shy fnd it diffcult to speak out in class.
Meinung sagen
staff (n) /stf/ Personal; Mitarbeiter President Roosevelt amazed his staff by remembering
nearly everyones name.
stay in touch (TS) /ste n t/ in Kontakt bleiben Dave and I stay in touch by email and phone.
step (n) /step/ Schritt What are the four easy steps for remembering
someones name?
stressed (adj) /strest/ gestresst Someone who is stressed is worried or nervous because
they have a lot of problems.
subtitles (n pl) /sbtatlz/ Untertiteln Do you watch English DVDs with English subtitles?
4
survey (n) /sve/ Umfrage A recent survey showed that people with unusual names
feel special.
taste (v) /test/ kosten The sushi is fantastic the best Ive ever tasted!
the past (n) / pst/ die Vergangenheit In the past parents named their children after family
relatives.
train (v) /tren/ trainieren Learning new words is a good way of training your
memory.
trend (n) /trend/ Trend Nowadays naming children after places has become a
trend.
typical (adj) /tpkl/ typisch Pedro is a typical Spanish name.
unfortunately (adv) /nf()ntli/ leider Unfortunately when we got back to the car, we had a
parking ticket!
unusual (adj) /njul/ ungewhnlich Do you prefer names that are unusual and original?
visualise (v) /vlaz/ visualisieren President Roosevelt visualised the name on the persons
forehead.
wonder (v) /wnd/ sich fragen I wonder if everyone with an unusual or original name
feels special.
FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILIENMITGLIEDER
aunt (n) /ant/ Tante Your aunt is the sister of your mother or father.
boyfriend (n) /bfrend/ Freund Does Marie have a boyfriend? I dont know.
brother (n) /br/ Bruder Maries brother calls her Baby.
brother-in-law (n) /brnl/ Schwager Your brother-in-law is the brother of your husband or
wife.
child (n)/children (pl) /ald/ldrn/ Kind/Kinder Some people name their children after famous people.
cousin (n) /kzn/ Cousin; Cousine Your cousins are the children of your aunt or uncle.
daughter (n) /dt/ Tochter Madonna named her daughter Lourdes, after the town
in France.
ex-husband (n) /ekshzbnd/ Ex-Mann Your ex-husband is the man you are divorced from.
ex-wife (n) /ekswaf/ Ex-Frau Your ex-wife is the woman you are divorced from.
father (n) /fa/ Vater Your father is your male parent.
father-in-law (n) /fanl/ Schwiegervater Your father-in-law is your wifes or husbands father.
girlfriend (n) /glfrend/ Freundin Dave listened to me when I had girlfriend problems.
5
granddaughter (n) /grndt/ Enkelin Your granddaughter is the daughter of your son or
daughter.
grandfather (n) /grnfa/ Grovater Your grandfather is the father of your mother or father.
grandmother (n) /grnm/ Gromutter Your grandmother is the mother of your mother or
father.
grandson (n) /grnsn/ Enkel(sohn) Your grandson is the son of your daughter or son.
great grandfather (n) /gret grnfa/ Urgrovater Your great-grandfather is the father of your
grandmother or grandfather.
great grandmother (n) /gret grnm/ Urgromutter Your great-grandmother is the mother of your
grandmother or grandfather.
half-brother (n) /hafbr/ Halbbruder A half-brother is a brother who has either the same
mother or the same father as you.
half-sister (n) /hafsst/ Halbschwester A half-sister is a sister who has either the same mother or
the same father as you.
mother (n) /m/ Mutter Your mother is your female parent.
mother-in-law (n) /mnl/ Schwiegermutter Your mother-in-law is your wifes or husbands mother.
nephew (n) /nefju/ Neffe Your nephew is a son of your brother or sister.
niece (n) /nis/ Nichte Your niece is a daughter of your brother or sister.
parents (n pl) /pernts/ Eltern In the past, parents named their children after important
family relatives.
partner (n) /patn/ Partner(in) Your partner is the person you live with but who you are
not married to.
relative (n) /reltv/ Verwandte(r) Your relatives are the people in your family.
sister (n) /sst/ Schwester Bens sisters call him Big Ben.
sister-in-law (n) /sstnl/ Schwgerin Your sister-in-law is the sister of your husband or wife.
son (n) /sn/ Sohn David and Victoria Beckham named their son Brooklyn
after an area in New York.
stepfather (n) /stepfa/ Stiefvater Your stepfather is your mothers second husband.
stepmother (n) /stepm/ Stiefmutter Your stepmother is your fathers second wife.
twin (n) /twn/ Zwilling A twin is one of two children born at the same time to
the same mother.
uncle (n) /kl/ Onkel Your uncle is the brother of your father or mother.
6
Unit 2 (p.12)
adventure (n) /dven/ Abenteuer If youre looking for adventure, dont go to Dahab its
quiet there.
air conditioning (n) /e kndn/ Klimaanlage Its hot in summer, but fortunately my offce has air
conditioning.
architecture (n) /aktek/ Architektur The architecture in Rio is a mixture of old and new.
buzzing (adj) /bz/ aufregend Reykjavik is small but the nightlife is buzzing.
contrast (n) /kntrast/ Kontrast; Gegensatz Iceland is a land of ice and fre full of contrasts.
currency (n) /krnsi/ Whrung The currency of a country is the type of money that is
used there.
dance foor (n) /dans f/ Tanzfche We went to a disco at 2.00 a.m. and were surprised to see
only a few people on the dance oor.
delicious (adj) /dls/ lecker In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.
go diving /g dav/ tauchen gehen You can go diving in the Red Sea if you like!
do everything wrong /du evri r/ alles falsch machen They do everything wrong here, but the quality of life
is great!
dream holiday (n) /drim hlde/ Traumurlaub Win a Dream Holiday for two in our competition!
energetic (adj) (TS) /enetk/ energisch Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really good
fun.
enjoy yourself (v ref) /n jself/ sich amsieren The quality of life is great and people know how to
enjoy themselves.
enough (det.) /nf/ genug Its important to get enough sleep.
excitement (n) /ksatmnt/ Aufregung Do you like holidays with excitement, adventure and
parties?
fall in love (with) /fl n lv/ sich verlieben (in) Now I understand why people fall in love with Africa.
fre (n) /fa/ Feuer Iceland is a land of contrasts -- of ice and re.
famingo (n) /fmg/ Flamingo Flamingos are tall pink birds that live near water.
freezing (adj) /friz/ eiskalt The air in Iceland is freezing but the springs are very hot.
go back (phr v) /g bk/ zurckkehren Africa is great and I want to go back there.
7
good fun (TS) /gd fn/ lustig Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really good
fun.
hate (v) (TS) /het/ hassen I really hate living here. Its horrible.
hippo (n) /hp/ Flusspferd Hippos are large African animals with thick, grey skin
that live near rivers.
hot springs (n pl) /ht sprz/ heie Quellen Hot springs consist of hot water that comes up from
under the ground.
ice (n) /as/ Eis Iceland is a land of contrasts of ice and fre.
island (n) /alnd/ Insel An island is an area of land that is surrounded by water.
Im kidding. /am kd/ Ich mache nur Spa. My parents live in Hollywood. Really? No, Im
kidding, they live near South Beach.
leave sb in peace (TS) /liv smbdi n pis/ jmd in Ruhe lassen There are too many tourists. Why dont they leave us in
peace?
lion (n) /lan/ Lwe A lion is a large African animal with golden fur.
be a long way from /bi l we frm/ weit weg von Iceland is a long way from the rest of
etwas sein Europe but its very up-to-date.
lucky (adj) /lki/ Glck haben Were lucky with our hotel its near the city centre and
we have a fantastic view.
a mixture of / mksr v/ eine Mischung aus The architecture in Rio is a mixture of old and new.
nightlife (n) /natlaf/ Nachtleben There are lots of discos and clubs here the nightlife is
great!
noodles (n pl) /nudlz/ Nudeln In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.
on your own (TS) /n jr n/ allein Emma few to Buenos Aires on her own.
originally (adv) /rn()li/ ursprnglich I live in New York but Im originally from England.
peace and quiet /pis n kwat/ Ruhe und Frieden Im not really interested in nightlife I prefer peace and
quiet.
plenty of (TS) /plenti v/ eine Vielzahl In Rio there are plenty of restaurants, cafs and bars.
quality of life (n) /kwlti v laf/ Lebensqualitt The quality of life is great and people know how to
enjoy themselves.
relax (v) /rlks/ sich entspannen You can go diving or just relax on the beach.
scenery (n) /sinri/ Landschaft The scenery in Africa is spectacular.
seat (n) /sit/ Sitzplatz The bus is very crowded but I usually get a seat.
8
shop till you drop /p tl j drp/ einkaufen, bis man If you shop till you drop, you shop for a long time
zu mde wird until you feel very tired.
spectacular (adj) /spektkjl/ atemberaubend In Africa the scenery is spectacular.
traffc (n) /trfk/ Verkehr Everyone has a car nowadays and theres too much trafc
on the roads.
have trouble doing sth /hv trbl du Schwierigkeiten We went out to dinner at 11.30 p.m. and had trouble
sm/ haben, etwas zu tun getting a table.
up-to-date (adj) /ptdet/ aktuell; up to date A place that is up-to-date is modern and exciting.
welcome (n) /welkm/ Willkommen; Begrung In Dahab, youll fnd the best welcome in Egypt.
welcoming (adj) /welkm/ gastfreundlich African people are friendly and welcoming.
without a doubt /wat dat/ ohne Zweifel Shanghai is, without a doubt, the best place on earth
for shopping!
ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE PLACES ADJEKTIVE, DIE EINEN ORT BESCHREIBEN
beautiful (adj) /bjutf/ schn The countryside is beautiful and the air is lovely and
clean.
big (adj) /bg/ gro Paulo loves Rio he thinks its big and exciting.
boring (adj) /br/ langweilig Armelle thinks the village is dull and boring at night.
clean (adj) /klin/ sauber The countryside is beautiful and the air is lovely and clean.
crowded (adj) /kradd/ berfllt Venice is very noisy and crowded, especially in the
summer.
dirty (adj) /dti/ schmutzig The canals in Venice are so dirty and polluted.
dull (adj) /dl/ langweilig I fnd it dull here there arent any discos or cinemas.
exciting (adj) /ksat/ aufregend Why do you like Rio? Its big and exciting.
expensive (adj) /kspensv/ teuer Because of the tourists, the shops are too expensive.
fabulous (adj) /fbjls/ fabelhaft Win a dream holiday in one of these fabulous
destinations!
hot (adj) /ht/ hei I dont like Rio much in the summer; its too hot and
humid.
humid (adj) /hjumd/ feucht Whats the weather like? Its hot and humid.
interesting (adj) /ntrst/ interessant In big cities, there are lots of interesting places to visit.
lovely (adj) /lvli/ wunderschn The air in the countryside is lovely and clean.
9
modern (adj) /md()n/ modern Shanghai is a modern, up-to-date city.
noisy (adj) /nzi/ laut There are too many tourists. It gets very noisy and
crowded.
polluted (adj) /plutd/ verschmutzt The canals in Venice are very dirty and polluted.
romantic (adj) /rmntk/ romantisch A lot of people think Venice is a special place a very
romantic city.
small (adj) /sml/ klein Armelle lives in a small village with her parents.
spectacular (adj) /spektkjl/ spektakulr The view of the city from our hotel room is spectacular.
COMPASS DIRECTIONS KOMPASSRICHTUNGEN
centre (n) /sent/ Mitte; Zentrum Ankara is in the centre of Turkey.
north (n/adj) /n/ Norden; nrdlich Hollywood is north of Los Angeles.
north-east (n/adj) /nist/ Nordosten; nordstlich Manchester is just north-east of Liverpool.
north-west (n/adj) /nwest/ Nordwesten; Manchester and Liverpool are in the north-west
nordwestlich of England.
south (n/adj) /sa/ Sden; sdlich Los Angeles is south of Hollywood.
south-east (n/adj) /saist/ Sdosten; sdstlich London is in the south-east of England.
south-west (n/adj) /sawest/ Sdwesten; sdwestlich Cornwall is a region in the south-west of England.
east (n/adj) /ist/ Osten; stlich Berlin is in the east of Germany.
west (n/adj) /west/ Westen; westlich Los Angeles is on the west coast of the USA.
PLACES IN A CITY ORTE IN EINER STADT
art gallery (n) /t gl()ri/ Kunstgalerie Paris has a lot of wonderful museums and art galleries.
bar (n) /b/ Bar; Kneipe There are lots of interesting cafs and bars in Rio.
beach (n) /bi/ Strand Copacabana Beach is the most famous beach in the world.
bridge (n) /br/ Brcke The Rialto Bridge is a very famous bridge in Venice.
canal (n) /knl/ Kanal In Venice the canals are dirty and polluted.
car park (n) /k pk/ Parkplatz It can be diffcult to park in big cities as the car parks are
often full.
castle (n) /ksl/ Burg; Schloss Theres a very famous castle in Edinburgh on top of a hill.
cathedral (n) /kidrl/ Kathedrale A cathedral is a very big church in a city.
10
church (n) // Kirche San Marco in Venice is one of the most famous churches
in the world.
fountain (n) /fantn/ Brunnen A fountain is a structure through which water rises into
the air and falls again.
high-rise buildings (n pl) /ha raz bldz/ Hochhuser In some parts of Rio there are too many high-rise
buildings.
hill (n) /hl/ Hgel The statue in Rio stands on top of a hill.
library (n) /labrri/ Bibliothek A library is a building where you go to read or borrow
books.
mosque (n) /msk/ Moschee A mosque is a building in which Muslims worship.
museum (n) /mjuzim/ Museum Paris has a lot of wonderful museums and art galleries.
park (n) /pk/ Park The big park in the centre of New York is called Central
Park.
restaurant (n) /rest()rnt/ Restaurant There are plenty of cheap restaurants and bars in Rio.
sea (n) /si/ Meer Dahab is a town in Egypt by the Red Sea.
shopping centre (n) /p sent/ Einkaufszentrum There are lots of shopping centres in Shanghai.
square (n) /skwe/ Platz Piazza is the Italian word for square.
statue (n) /stu/ Statue The statue in Rio stands on top of a hill.
theatre (n) /t/ Theater A theatre is a building where you go to see plays.
Unit 3 (p.20)
affair (n) /fe/ Affre Lady Moons husband didnt hide his affair and this made
her feel really bad.
cameraman (n) /kmrmn/ Kameramann A cameraman is someone who uses a camera to make
flms or TV programmes.
canteen (n) (TS) /kntin/ Kantine Fred went to the canteen and this little lady was serving
lunch.
cellar (n) /sel/ Keller A cellar is a room at the bottom of a house where you
can keep things.
collection (n) /knekn/ Sammlung Lady Moons husband had a collection of fne wines in
the cellar.
11
contestant (n) /kntestnt/ Teilnehmer(in); Contestants Rosie and Dave want to win the 10,000
Kandidat(in) prize.
correctly (adv) /krektli/ korrekt The old man predicted the weather correctly and saved
the director thousands of dollars.
doorstep (n) /dstep/ Trschwelle; She went round the village and put a bottle of wine on
Eingangsstufe each doorstep.
flm (v) /flm/ drehen; flmen The director was lming an important flm in the desert.
flming (n) /flm/ Dreharbeiten The director and the cameraman talked about the next
days lming.
fnd out (phr v) /fand at/ herausfnden When she found out her husband was having an affair,
she decided not to leave him.
furious (adj) /fjris/ wtend He was furious when Hermione told him she was in a
night club.
game show (n) /gem / Gameshow A game show is a TV programme in which people try to
win money.
get your revenge /get j rven/ sich rchen When you get your revenge, you do something bad to
someone who has done something bad to you.
heart attack (n) (TS) /ht tk/ Herzattacke She nearly had a heart attack when Fred rang her up.
hide (v) /had/ verbergen He didnt hide his affair and this made her feel really bad.
be hosted by /bi hstd ba/ von jmd moderiert If a game show is hosted by someone, it is presented by
werden that person.
impressed (adj) /mprest/ beeindruckt The director was impressed and gave the old man a job.
in the background /n bkgrand/ im Hintergrund When she answered the mobile, music was playing loudly
in the background.
It doesnt matter /t dznt mt/ Es macht nichts. Do you agree that it doesnt matter if children lose
touch with their parents?
lover (n) /lv/ Liebhaber; Geliebte She was very angry when she saw his car parked outside
his lovers house.
main (adj) /men/ Haupt- Do you agree that the main reason for getting married is
to have children?
move (to) (v) /muv/ umziehen (nach) We moved to different places and lost touch with each
other.
operation (n) /pren/ Operation Dave went into hospital for an operation.
patient (n) /pent/ Patient(in) A patient is someone who is ill or injured and receives
medical treatment.
12
post (v) /pst/ per Post schicken He posted Hermiones meal to her with a note saying,
Heres your dinner.!
pour (v) /p/ gieen She poured thick white paint over her husbands new car.
predict (v) /prdkt/ vorhersagen Someone who predicts something says that it will
happen in the future.
be right /bi rat/ Recht haben The old man was right he said Tomorrow rain and
the next day it rained.
same (adj) /sem/ gleich Rosie and Dave have to give the same answers to the
same questions.
separate (adj) /sep()rt/ getrennt Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios.
shake your head /ek j hed/ den Kopf schtteln If you shake your head, you often mean No. or I
dont know.
be sick (TS) /bi sk/ sich bergeben Dave said, Nurse, Im going to be sick.
storm (n) /stm/ Sturm If there is a storm, there is a lot of wind and rain.
studio (n) /stjudi/ Studio Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios.
on time /n tam/ pnktlich Hermione was always late she never arrived on time.
unsurprisingly (adv) /nsprazli/ nicht besonders My four friends arrived on time, but unsurprisingly
berraschend Hermione didnt.
war memorial (n) /w mmril/ Kriegsdenkmal She left the other bottles on the war memorial in the
centre of the village.
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ADJEKTIVE UND ADVERBIEN
angry (adj) /gri/ bse; zornig Lady Moon was angry and decided to get her revenge.
angrily (adv) /grli/ zornig Where are you? he shouted angrily.
attractive (adj) /trktv/ attraktiv At frst he found the differences between himself and
Hermione attractive.
attractively (adv) /trktvli/ attraktiv She always looks smart and dresses attractively.
bad (adj) /bd/ schlecht She felt bad because her husband didnt hide his affair.
badly (adv) /bdli/ schlecht I dont play tennis well in fact I play very badly.
beautiful (adj) /bjutf/ schn She poured paint over her husbands beautiful new
black car.
beautifully (adv) /bjutfi/ schn Shes very talented and plays the piano beautifully.
13
careful (adj) /kef/ vorsichtig Shes a careful driver.
carefully (adv) /kef()li/ vorsichtig I plan my days carefully.
different (adj) /dfrnt/ anders; Hermione and I were very different.
unterschiedlich;
verschieden
differently (adv) /dfrntli/ anders Weve decided to organise things differently this year.
early (adj) /li/ frh I hate getting up in the early morning.
early (adv) /li/ frh I always arrived early; she always arrived late.
good (adj) /gd/ gut Hermiones ex-boyfriend is a good cook.
late (adj) /let/ spt If you have a late night, it means you go to bed late.
late (adv) /let/ spt I always arrived early; she always arrived late.
loud (adj) /lad/ laut Its diffcult to have a conversation when the musics loud.
loudly (adv) /ladli/ laut When she answered her mobile, music was playing loudly
in the background.
quick (adj) /kwk/ schnell They came to see us for a quick visit.
quickly (adv) /kwkli/ schnell She quickly drove home and put a pot of paint into her
car.
Be quiet! (adj) /bi kwat/ Sei(d) ruhig! ; Ruhe! Theres too much noise. Please be quiet!
quietly (adv) /kwatli/ ruhig; leise Lady Moon quietly placed a bottle of wine on each
doorstep.
tidy (adj) /tadi/ ordentlich A tidy person always makes sure things are in the correct
place.
tidily (adv) /tadli/ ordentlich Everything on the desk was arranged tidily.
unhappy (adj) /nhpi/ unglcklich Her husband didnt hide his affair and this made her
unhappy.
unhappily (adv) /nhpli/ unglcklich She thought it was better to be unhappily married than
not married at all.
well (adv) /wel/ gut I cook well so I decided to have a dinner party.
ADJECTIVES ENDING IN ED AND ING ADJEKTIVE, DIE MIT ED UND ING ENDEN
annoyed (adj) /nd/ verrgert When the dog makes a lot of noise, the neighbours get
annoyed.
annoying (adj) /n/ rgerlich Its annoying when the dog makes a lot of noise.
14
bored (adj) /bd/ gelangweilt The students are often bored in lessons.
boring (adj) /br/ langweilig Sometimes, our lessons are very boring.
confused (adj) /knfjuzd/ verwirrt Looking at the map, I was confused.
confusing (adj) /knfjuz/ verwirrend The map wasnt easy to understand it was very
confusing.
depressed (adj) /dprest/ deprimiert England fans were depressed at the score: Brazil 6
England 0.
depressing (adj) /dpres/ deprimierend Brazil 6 England 0 is a depressing score for England fans.
embarrassed (adj) /mbrst/ verlegen Children are sometimes embarrassed by their parents.
embarrassing (adj) /mbrs/ peinlich Parents sometimes do things that their children think are
embarrassing.
excited (adj) /ksatd/ aufgeregt Excited spectators watched the race.
exciting (adj) /ksat/ aufregend The race is very exciting.
frightened (adj) /fratnd/ Angst haben Are you frightened of dogs?
frightening (adj) /fratn/ furchterregend Some people think dogs are frightening.
interested (adj) /ntrstd/ interessiert Are you interested in football?
interesting (adj) /ntrst/ interessant Shes a good teacher her lessons are very interesting.
surprised (adj) /sprazd/ berrascht The boy got 90% in his exam and was very surprised.
surprising (adj) /spraz/ berraschend He got a surprising 90% in the exam.
tired (adj) /tad/ mde I often feel tired after work.
tiring (adj) /tar/ ermdend Work can be very tiring.
EXPRESSIONS WITH GET
1) get a text message /get tekst mes/ eine SMS-Nachricht How many text messages do you get a day?
empfangen
get a job /get b/ einen Job fnden I want to get a job for the summer.
get new shoes /get nju uz/ neue Schuhe kaufen Im going shopping; I want to get some new shoes.
2) get better /get bet/ sich verbessern He works hard and is getting better at English.
get dark /get dk/ dunkel werden It gets dark early in the winter.
get warm /get wm/ warm werden In the summer, it can get very warm.
15
3) get home /get hm/ nach Hause kommen What time do you get home?
get there /get e/ ankommen It takes me 20 minutes to get to school; I leave home at
8.30 and get there at 8.50.
get to work /get t wk/ zur Arbeit kommen What time do you get to work in the morning?
4) get changed /get end/ sich umziehen I got changed and went to play football.
get dressed /get drest/ sich anziehen I had a shower and got dressed.
get married /get mrid/ heiraten Do you want to get married?
5) get on (phr v) /get n/ gut auskommen mit Do you get on with your brothers and sisters?
get together (phr v) /get tge/ sich treffen Shall we all get together for a drink?
get up (phr v) /get p/ aufstehen He usually gets up at 7.30 in the morning.
NARRATIVE LINKERS VERBINDUNGEN IN EINEM NARRATIVEN TEXT
A week later / wik let/ Eine Woche spter A week later, Hermione sent a postcard saying, Too
much salt.!
At frst /t fst/ Anfangs At rst she was only 15 or 20 minutes late. But she got
later and later.
At the end of (August) /t i end v/ Ende August Its my birthday at the end of August.
Finally (adv) /fan()li/ Zum Schluss Finally she took a pair of scissors and cut the arms and
legs off all his suits.
Last year /lst j/ Letztes Jahr Last year, I went out with Hermione for four months.
Next (adv) /nekst/ Danach Next she took his collection of wines from the cellar.
One day /wn de/ Eines Tages One day she saw his car parked outside his lovers house.
That evening /t ivn/ An jenem Abend That evening my friends arrived on time but Hermione
was late.
That night /t nat/ In jener Nacht That night she went round the village and placed a
bottle of wine on each doorstep.
The next morning / nekst mn/ Am folgenden Morgen The next morning I posted her dinner to her.
Then (adv) /en/ Dann She drove to the lovers house. Then she poured white
paint over her husbands car.
16
RELATIONSHIP EXPRESSIONS BEZIEHUNGEN
chat sb up (phr v) /t smbdi p/ anquatschen; sich She chatted Fred up by saying, Ill be your girl tonight.
heranmachen
fall in love /fl n lv/ sich verlieben When did Teresa and Fred frst fall in love?
fancy sb (v) /fnsi smbdi/ jmd attraktiv fnden If you fancy someone, you want to have relationship with
them.
get divorced /get dvst/ sich scheiden lassen Teresa got divorced after 30 years of marriage.
get married /get mrid/ heiraten How old were your parents when they got married?
go out together /g at tge/ zusammen ausgehen They met in Blackpool and went out together for three
months.
have children /hv ldrn/ Kinder bekommen Do you agree that the main reason for getting married is
to have children?
have a row /hv ra/ sich streiten She was very angry and they had a row.
kiss sb (v) /ks smbdi/ jmd kssen When you kiss someone, you touch their face with your
lips to show that you like them.
live together (phr v) /lv tge/ zusammenleben Is it a good idea to live together before you get married?
lose touch (with sb) /luz t/ den Kontakt mit We lost touch with each other after a few months.
jmd verlieren
meet (sb) (v) /mit/ sich kennen lernen Teresa and Fred frst met ffty years ago.
meet the parents /mit pernts/ die Eltern kennen lernen I was quite nervous before meeting the parents.
move in together /muv n tge/ zusammenziehen When two people move in together, they start living
together in the same house or fat.
ring sb up (phr v) /r smbdi p/ jmd anrufen Fred rang her up and they met soon after that.
split up (phr v) /splt p/ sich trennen When two people split up, they end their relationship.
Review A (p.28)
arrange to do sth /ren t du sm/ etwas vereinbaren One day we arranged to meet in a caf.
chat (v) /t/ quatschen We chatted and I discovered Mark was an interesting
person.
17
confdent (adj) /knfd()nt/ zuversichtlich; selbstbewusst Adriana knew everyone and was very condent.
cool (adj) /kul/ cool I liked her but thought she was too cool.
far too much/many /f tu m/meni/ viel zu viel(e) We eat far too much chocolate/far too many chocolates.
a frst impression of sb / fst mpren v ein erster Eindruck What was your rst impression of your best friend?
smbdi/ von jmd
generous (adj) /enrs/ grozgig Debs a fantastic person shes very generous and a lot
of fun.
get into trouble /get nt trbl/ in Schwierigkeiten geraten; We were naughty at school and got into trouble!
rger bekommen
good-looking (adj) /gdlk/ gut aussehend Someone who is good-looking has an attractive face.
home town (n) /hm tan/ Heimatstadt Your home town is the town where you were born or
grew up.
immediately (adv) /miditli/ sofort Deb and Liz met in a caf and liked each other
immediately.
internet chat site (n) /ntnet t sat/ Internet Chatsite We met on an internet chat site in 2003.
laugh (v) /lf/ lachen Woody made me laugh 20 years ago and he makes me
laugh now!
a living (n sing.) / lv/ Lebensunterhalt (verdienen) What do you do for a living? Im a nurse.
look like /lk lak/ aussehen wie He looks very young, in fact he looks like a student.
mean (v) /min/ bedeuten What does your name mean?
mistake (n) /mstek/ Fehler I do my work carefully I never make mistakes!
naughty (adj) /nti/ unartig We were naughty at school and got into trouble!
online (adv) /nlan/ online They talked online all the time and one day they
arranged to meet.
public transport (n) /pblk trnspt/ ffentliche Verkehrsmittel Public transport is transport that everyone can use such
as buses and trains.
similar (adj) /sml/ hnlich Deb and Liz are very similar they both lived abroad and
both had parents who got divorced.
single (adj) /sgl/ ledig Someone who is single is not married or does not have a
partner.
wake up (phr v) /wek p/ aufwachen They were watching TV when the baby woke up.
18
Unit 4 (p.32)
according to /kd tu/ laut; zufolge According to environmental groups, cheap clothes are
bad for the environment.
across the UK/Spain etc /krs juke/spen/ quer durch New stores are opening across the UK, Spain and
Ireland.
afford to do sth /fd t du sm/ sich leisten Jim cant afford to buy electronic equipment its too
expensive.
agree (v) /gri/ zustimmen Most men only agree to go shopping when they really
need something.
appointment (n) /pntmnt/ Termin Its annoying when people are late for appointments.
on average /n vr/ im Durchschnitt On average, people buy 50 items of clothing a year.
avoid (v) /vd/ vermeiden Why does Conor avoid going into supermarkets?
book review (n) /bk rvju/ Buchrezension A book review is an article in which someone gives their
opinion about a book they have read.
I dont bother to do sth /a dnt b t du sich nicht um etwas Some women dont bother to look at the price tag before
sm/ kmmern . they buy.
brightly coloured (adj) /bratli kld/ bunt Do you prefer dark or brightly coloured clothes?
compare (v) /kmpe/ vergleichen I enjoy comparing prices and quality in different shops.
consumer (n) /knsjum/ Verbraucher(in) Consumers pay low prices for clothes at Primark.
cry (v) (TS) /kra/ weinen When Eddies sister read the card, she cried!
damage (v) /dm/ schaden Friends of the Earth say cheap clothes are damaging the
environment.
dark (adj) /dk/ dunkel Do you prefer dark or brightly coloured clothes?
diamond ring (n) /damnd r/ Brillantring He bought her an expensive diamond ring for her
birthday.
digital (adj) /dtl/ digital Do you have digital TV?
disaster (n) (TS) /dzst/ Desaster; Unglck She didnt like the present and cried when she read the
card. What a disaster!
disposable (adj) /dspzbl/ wegwerfbar You cant recycle cheap clothes they are disposable.
the environment (n sing.) /i nvarnmnt/ die Umwelt The environment is the natural world we live in,
including land, water and air.
19
environmental group (n) /nvarnmentl grup/ Umweltschutzgruppe Environmental groups want to protect the
environment.
eventually (adv) (TS) /venuli/ schlielich Eventually Eddie found a really good present a foot
spa.
exchange (v) /ksen/ umtauschen Can I exchange the top if it doesnt ft?
the fashion pages (n pl) / fn pez/ die Modeseiten Are you interested in the fashion pages of magazines?
ft (v) /ft/ passen If clothes t you, they are the right size for you.
foot spa (n) (TS) /ft sp/ Fubad A foot spa is a piece of equipment which you fll with
water and put your feet into to relax.
funny (adj) (TS) /fni/ komisch; lustig I bought a lovely card for her and wrote a funny message
inside.
gadget (n) /gt/ Gert A lot of men like electronic gadgets.
get dressed/undressed /get drest/ndrest/ sich anziehen/ I always get dressed before breakfast.
ausziehen
give somebody a lift /gv smbdi lft/ jmd im Auto mitnehmen Will you give me a lift to the station?
go mad for sth /g md f sm/ sich fr etwas begeistern Women went mad for the jacket, which cost 12.
go on the internet (TS) /g n i ntnet/ ins Internet gehen Eddie went on the internet to fnd his sister a present.
increase (v) /nkris/ steigen Profts are increasing at Primark and new stores are
opening.
intuitive (adj) /ntjutv/ intuitiv Someone who is intuitive knows the right thing to say or
do.
item of clothing (n) /atm v kl/ Kleidungsstck On average, people buy 50 items of clothing a year.
jewellery (n) /ulri/ Schmuck Rings, necklaces and bracelets are all types of jewellery.
keep (v) /kip/ behalten Do you agree that a real present is something you can
keep?
last (v) /lst/ halten Flowers are lovely but they dont last for more than a
week.
manage to do sth /mn t du sm/ jmd gelingen, etwas Jim never manages to nd time to go shopping.
zu tun
medium (adj) /midim/ medium; mittelgro A medium size is neither big nor small.
I dont mind doing sth /a dnt mand du Es macht mir I dont mind spending a long time looking for clothes.
sm/ nichts aus
necessity (n) /nsesti/ Notwendigkeit For Conor shopping is a necessity, not a pleasure.
20
overjoyed (adj) /vd/ sehr erfreut My husband was overjoyed when I bought him a Swiss
army knife.
planet (n) /plnt/ Planet Things that you cant recycle are bad for the planet.
present (n) /preznt/ Geschenk Men and women like different sorts of present.
price tag (n) /pras tg/ Preisetikett Do you always look at the price tag before you buy
clothes?
profts (n pl) /prfts/ Gewinne Prots are increasing at Primark and new stores are
opening.
put on (phr v) /pt n/ anziehen Get dressed means the same as putting clothes on.
real (adj) /rl/ wirklich; echt Do you agree that a real present is something you can
keep?
receipt (n) /rsit/ Quittung If you want to exchange something, you must keep the
receipt.
recycle (v) /risakl/ recyceln Things that you can recycle are good for the planet.
refuse (v) /rfjuz/ sich weigern Why does Jim refuse to go into shoe shops with his
girlfriend?
rename (v) /rinem/ umbenennen In 2005 Primark was renamed the new Prada.
right (adj) /rat/ richtig If clothes ft you, they are the right size for you.
second-hand (adv) /sekndhnd/ gebraucht You cant sell cheap clothes second-hand.
silly (adj) /sli/ albern Men dont usually like brightly coloured ties or silly socks.
size (n) /saz/ Gre What size is she small, medium or large?
spokesperson (n) /spkspsn/ Sprecher(in) A spokesperson is someone who expresses the opinion
of a large organisation.
(I) cant stand doing sth /(a) knt stnd du Ich kann es nicht leiden. A lot of men cant stand shopping for clothes.
sm/
suit (v) /sut/ stehen Red doesnt really suit me.
surprise (n) spraz berraschung I always tell my family I want a surprise for my birthday,
but I never get it.
Swiss army knife (n) /sws mi naf/ Schweizer Offziersmesser A Swiss army knife is a knife with a red handle that
does a lot of different things.
take off (phr v) /tek f/ ausziehen Taking off your clothes means the same as getting
undressed.
21
try on (phr v) /tra n/ anprobieren When you try clothes on, you put them on to see if they
ft before you buy them.
as usual /z jul/ wie gewhnlich As usual she didnt really get what she wanted for her
birthday.
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY ADVERBIEN DER HUFIGKEIT
always (adv) /lwez/ immer My family always ask me what I want and I always tell
them the same thing.
hardly ever (adv) /hdli ev/ fast nie Flowers hardly ever last for more than a week.
never (adv) /nev/ nie Jim never manages to fnd time to go shopping.
normally (adv) /nm()li/ normalerweise My girlfriend normally goes shopping without me.
occasionally (adv) /ken()li/ gelegentlich How often does Conor go into a clothes shop? Only
very occasionally.
often (adv) /fn/ hufg Conor often goes into book shops.
rarely (adv) /reli/ selten Jim rarely goes shopping with his girlfriend.
sometimes (adv) /smtamz/ manchmal I sometimes do my food shopping online.
usually (adv) /juli/ normalerweise She usually goes shopping without me.
COLLOCATIONS: A BOX OF KOLLOKATIONEN
A BUNCH OF
a bottle of wine/ / btl v wan/ eine Flasche Wein/ Can I order a bottle of red wine?
perfume/whisky pfjum/wski/ Parfum/Whisky
a box of chocolates/ / bks v klts/ eine Schachtel Pralinen/ They gave me a box of chocolates for my birthday.
matches/tissues mz/tuz/ Streichhlzer/ Taschentcher
a bunch of fowers/ / bn v faz/ ein Blumenstrau/ I got lots of bunches of grapes when I was in hospital.
grapes/keys greps/kiz/ Weintraube/ Schlsselbund
a can of beans/ / kn v binz/ eine Dose Bohnen/ Pour the can of tomatoes into a saucepan.
petrol/tomatoes petrl/tmtz/ Tomaten; ein Kanister
mit Benzin
a jar of jam/instant / r v m/ eine Dose Marmelade/ He opened a jar of instant coffee.
coffee/mayonnaise nstnt kf/menez/ Kaffeepulver/Mayonnaise
a packet of cigarettes/ / pkt v sgrets/ eine Packung How much is a packet of cigarettes?
crisps/biscuits krsps/bskts/ Zigaretten/Chips/Kekse
22
a pair of socks/scissors/ / per v sks/szz/ ein Paar Socken; eine She bought her husband a pair of brightly coloured socks.
jeans inz/ Schere: eine Jeanshose
piece of cake/ / pis v kek/ ein Stck Kuchen/ A cup of coffee and a piece of cake, please.
furniture/wood fn/wd/ Holz; ein Mbelstck
CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES KLEIDUNG UND ACCESSOIRE
bracelet (n) /breslt/ Armreif A bracelet is a piece of jewellery you wear around your
arm.
dress (n) /dres/ Kleid A lot of women prefer wearing jeans to dresses and
skirts.
earrings (n pl) /rz/ Ohrringe Earrings are pieces of jewellery you wear in your ears.
gloves (n) /glvz/ Handschuhe You wear gloves on your hands in winter to keep them
warm.
hat (n) /ht/ Hut He was wearing a woollen hat on his head.
jacket (n) /kt/ Jacke; Jackett My favourite piece of clothing is my blue denim jacket.
jeans (n pl) /inz/ Jeans The denim jeans in Photo A cost 120.
jumper (n) /mp/ Pullover A jumper is a piece of clothing made of wool that covers
your arms and body.
necklace (n) /nekls/ Halsband A necklace is a piece of jewellery that you wear around
your neck.
pyjamas (n pl) /pmz/ Pyjama Pyjamas are a jacket and trousers that you wear in bed.
raincoat (n) /renkt/ Regenmantel In Photo A Jade is wearing a cream cotton raincoat.
scarf (n) /skrf/ Schal You wear a scarf round your neck in winter to keep
warm.
shirt (n) /rt/ Hemd Conor only goes into clothes shops if he needs a new
shirt.
shoes (n pl) /uz/ Schuhe Do you prefer wearing shoes or trainers?
shorts (n pl) /ts/ kurze Hose; Shorts In Photos B and D Jade is wearing plain red shorts.
skirt (n) /skt/ Rock A lot of women prefer wearing jeans to dresses and
skirts.
suit (n) /sut/ Anzug I wear formal clothes such as suits to work.
tie (n) /ta/ Krawatte Men dont usually like brightly coloured ties.
tights (n pl) /tats/ Strumpfhose Tights are a piece of clothing worn by women that cover
the feet and legs.
23
top (n) /tp/ Top In Photo D Jade is wearing a blue-and-white striped top.
trainers (n pl) /trenz/ Turnschuhe Do you prefer wearing shoes or trainers?
vest (n) /vest/ Unterhemd A vest is a type of T-shirt without sleeves.
waistcoat (n) /westkt/ Weste A waistcoat is an item of clothing without sleeves that
you wear over a shirt.
DESIGNS MUSTER
checked (adj) /ekt/ kariert A checked shirt is a shirt with a design of small or large
squares.
foral (adj) /frl/ Blumen- A oral design is a design with fowers on it.
pinstriped (adj) /pnstrapt/ Nadelstreifen- People such as bankers or businessmen often wear
pinstriped suits.
plain (adj) /plen/ einfach; schlicht A plain shirt or top has no design on it.
striped (adj) /strapt/ gestreift In Photo D shes wearing a blue-and-white striped top.
MATERIALS STOFFE
cotton (adj) /ktn/ aus Baumwolle Do you prefer cotton or nylon shirts?
denim (adj) /denm/ aus Jeansstoff Most people have a pair of denim jeans.
leather (adj) /le/ Leder- He was wearing an expensive pair of leather shoes.
nylon (adj) /naln/ Nylon- I want a pair of black nylon tights.
silk (adj) /slk/ seiden He likes wearing expensive silk ties.
woollen (adj) /wln/ wollen Woollen hats are fashionable for young people
nowadays.
Unit 5 (p.40)
application form (n) /plken fm/ Anmelde-; Fill in the application form and post it to us.
Antragsformular
awake (adj) /wek/ wach Awake is the opposite of asleep.
be in danger /bi n den/ in Gefahr sein Your health is in danger! You must do more exercise.
24
beneft (n) (TS) /benft/ Vorteil; Nutzen One of the benets of laughter is that it reduces the
effects of stress.
boost (v) (TS) /bust/ verstrken Laughter boosts the immune system.
busy (adj) /bzi/ viel los sein Heathrow Airport is busier than Los Angeles Airport.
call off (phr v) /kl f/ absagen Nobody can come to my party Id better call it off.
cash (n) /k/ Bargeld Cash is money in the form of notes and coins.
celebrity (n) (TS) /slebrti/ berhmte Beckham, Alonso and Federer are all sports
Persnlichkeit celebrities.
cheap (adj) /ip/ billig Cheap is the opposite of expensive.
clear up (phr v) /kl/ aufrumen If you clear something up, you make it clean or tidy.
climb (v) /klam/ steigen Do you climb more than 100 stairs a day?
complex (adj) /kmpleks/ komplex; vielschichtig Do you think that women are more complex than men?
convenient (adj) /knvinint/ bequem A lot of people fnd shopping online more convenient.
cycle (v) /sakl/ Rad fahren Do you walk or cycle to school?
dangerously (adv) /denrsli/ gefhrlich If you scored 20 or less, you are dangerously unft.
deal with sth (phr v) /dil w sm/ sich kmmern um etwas I must deal with this problem immediately.
do the ironing /du i an/ bgeln When you do the ironing, you make clean clothes
smooth using an iron.
earnings (n pl) /nz/ Verdienst Someones earnings are the amount of money they get
by doing a job.
enjoyable (adj) /nbl/ angenehm Life is more enjoyable when youre ft.
fll in (phr v) /fl n/ ausfllen Fill in the application form and post it to us.
ft (adj) /ft/ ft; in Form If you are t, you are healthy and active.
freezing (adj) (TS) /friz/ eiskalt The swimming pool wasnt heated and the water was
freezing.
get ready /get redi/ sich fertig machen How long does it take you to get ready to go out for the
evening?
get to sleep /get t slip/ einschlafen How long does it take you to get to sleep at night?
give away (phr v) /gv we/ verschenken If you give something away, you give it to someone else
without asking for money.
give up (phr v) /gv p/ aufgeben Its a good idea to give up smoking.
gorgeous (adj) (TS) /gs/ bildschn Someone who is gorgeous is very good-looking and
healthy.
25
hang up (phr v) /h p/ aufhngen Hang up your clothes when you take them off.
have a laugh /hv lf/ lachen Having a laugh is good for people.
health (n) /hel/ Gesundheit If you scored 20 or less, your health is in danger.
healthy (adj) /heli/ gesund Healthy people fnd life more enjoyable.
heated (adj) (TS) /hitd/ beheizt The swimming pool wasnt heated and the water was
freezing.
high (adj) /ha/ hoch Mount Kilimanjaro is higher than Mount Fuji.
hold on (phr v) /hld n/ festhalten Hold on to the board. Dont let go!
housework (n) /haswk/ Hausarbeit Do you do at least one hour of housework a day?
immune system (n) (TS) /mjun sstm/ Immunsystem Laughter boosts the immune system.
inside (adv) (TS) /nsad/ drinnen If it was raining, we stayed inside and did Scottish
dancing.
kick (v) /kk/ treten In football you must kick the ball, not touch it with your
hand.
laughter (n) /lft/ Gelchter 15 to 20 minutes of laughter a day is good for you.
let go /let g/ loslassen Hold on to the board. Dont let go!
lie (v) /la/ liegen Do you prefer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing?
look my best /lk m best/ besonders gut aussehen When I want to look my best, I wear a suit.
lung (n) (TS) /l/ Lunge A loud laugh exercises the lungs.
(a) mess (n sing.) /mes/ Durcheinander Clear up this mess, please!
novel (n) /nvl/ Roman A novel is a story about people or situations that are not
real.
pick up (phr v) /pk p/ aufheben Pick up the racket and try again.
possession (n) /pzen/ Besitz My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.
practise (v) /prkts/ ben Im not very good at tennis because I dont have time to
practise.
release (v) /rlis/ freilassen When you laugh, you release happy chemicals called
endorphins.
reliable (adj) /rlabl/ zuverlssig Are German cars more reliable than British cars?
as a result /z rzlt/ infolgedessen You are healthier than most people and fnd life more
enjoyable as a result.
rude (adj) (TS) /rud/ unhfich Youre horrible! Dont be rude, Rebecca!
26
safe (adj) /sef/ sicher Is fying safer than driving a car?
(tennis) serve (n) /sv/ Aufschlag Andy Roddick has the fastest tennis serve.
(go) sightseeing /satsi/ auf Besichtigungstour Do you prefer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing?
gehen
sit down (phr v) /st dan/ sich setzen Dont eat breakfast on your feet. Sit down and enjoy it!
smell (v) /smel/ riechen If you smell something, you recognise its smell with your
nose.
sophisticated (adj) /sfstketd/ kultiviert A lot of people think French food is very sophisticated.
study (n) (TS) /stdi/ Studie A recent study shows that adults dont laugh enough.
sweaty (adj) /sweti/ verschwitzt If you are sweaty, the surface of your skin is wet because
you are very hot.
switch off (phr v) /sw f/ ausschalten Switching off the lights and sitting in silence is a good
way to relax.
switch on (phr v) /sw n/ einschalten Only switch on the TV if you really want to watch
something.
talented (adj) /tlntd/ talentiert Cristiano Ronaldo is young, good-looking and a very
talented player.
thin (adj) /n/ dnn Thin is the opposite of fat.
throw (v) /r/ werfen Pick up your racket and throw the ball in the air.
throw away (phr v) /r we/ wegwerfen Throw away any clothes you havent worn for the past
two years.
touch (v) /t/ berhren In football, you mustnt touch the ball with your hand.
trust (v) /trst/ vertrauen Only 8.2% of the population trust the government.
turn up (phr v) /tn p/ hochdrehen If you turn up the volume, you make music or sound
louder.
unft (adj) /nft/ nicht ft; nicht in Form Someone who is unt is not healthy or active.
valuable (adj) /vljbl/ wertvoll My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.
walk (v) /wk/ zu Fu gehen Do you walk or cycle to school?
wet (adj) /wet/ nass Rome is wetter than London.
HOW? QUESTIONS FRAGEN MIT HOW ?
How far? /ha f/ Wie weit ....? How far is it from your house to school?
How fast? /ha fst/ Wie schnell ...? How fast does your car go?
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How long? /ha l/ Wie lang ...? How long does it take you to do your homework?
How many? /ha meni/ Wie viele...? How many brothers and sisters do you have?
How much? /ha m/ Wie viel ...? How much exercise do you do every week?
How often? /ha fn/ Wie oft ...? How often do you travel by train?
How old? /ha ld/ Wie alt ...? How old is Thierry Henry?
How well? /ha wel/ Wie gut ...? How well do you know your neighbours?
SPORTS SPORTARTEN
aerobic exercise (n) /erbk/ Aerobicbung Cycling and rowing are forms of aerobic exercise.
athletics (n) /letks/ Leichtathletik I never enjoyed doing athletics at school.
basketball (n) /bsktbl/ Basketball Professional basketball players are often very tall.
cycling (n) /sakl/ Radfahren Cycling is a popular sport in France.
fshing (n) /f/ Angeln Fishing is the sport of catching fsh.
football (n) /ftbl/ Fuball Football is a very popular sport.
golf (n) /glf/ Golf Golf is quite an expensive sport.
hiking (n) /hak/ Wandern At weekends I enjoy going hiking in the hills.
hockey (n) /hki/ (Feld)hockey In winter Tina did hockey at school.
horse-riding (n) (TS) /hsrad/ Reiten Rebecca hates tennis but likes horse-riding.
jogging (n) /g/ Joggen Do you sometimes go jogging?
judo (n) /ud/ Judo People usually wear a white jacket and trousers to do
judo.
rowing (n) /r/ Rudern Cycling and rowing are forms of aerobic exercise.
rugby (n) /rgbi/ Rugby Rugby is more popular with men than women.
skiing (n) /ski/ Skifahren We often go skiing in the mountains.
snowboarding (n) /snbd/ Snowboarding Id like to go snowboarding. I love the mountains.
soccer (n) /sk/ Fuball In the USA, people call football soccer.
swimming (n) /swm/ Schwimmen She goes swimming three times a week.
tennis (n) /tens/ Tennis You need a racket and balls to play tennis.
volleyball (n) /vlibl/ Volleyball Do you enjoy playing volleyball on the beach?
windsurfng (n) /wndsf/ Windsurfen Ive never been windsurng. I cant swim.
28
SPORTS EQUIPMENT SPORTGERTE
football (n) /ftbl/ Fuball The ball you kick when you play football is also called a
football.
football boots (n) /ftbl buts/ Fuballschuhe Ronaldo wears expensive football boots.
football shirt (n) /ftbl t/ Fuballtrikot Jimmys wearing the number 7 on his football shirt.
goggles (n) /gglz/ Schutzbrille Goggles protect your eyes when you are swimming.
golf ball (n) /glf bl/ Golfball A golf ball is small, round and white.
golf club (n) /glf klb/ Golfschlger Golf clubs are the things that you hit a golf ball with.
helmet (n) /helmt/ Schutzhelm A helmet protects your head when you are skiing.
net (n) /net/ Netz In tennis you must hit the ball over the net.
running shoes (n) /rn uz/ Laufschuhe You should wear special running shoes to do athletics.
running vest (n) /rn vest/ Laufhemd A running vest is a type of T-shirt without sleeves that
you wear when you do athletics.
ski boots (n pl) /ski buts/ Skistiefel How much does a pair of ski boots cost?
ski poles (n pl) /ski plz/ Skistcke Ski poles are the sticks you hold when you are skiing.
skis (n pl) /skiz/ Skier Skis are the things you wear on your feet to go skiing.
swimming costume (n) /swm kstjum/ Badeanzug A swimming costume is a piece of clothing worn for
swimming, especially by women.
swimming trunks (n pl) /swm trks/ Badehose Men wear swimming trunks when they go swimming.
tennis ball (n) /tens bl/ Tennisball Tennis balls are round and usually yellow.
tennis racket (n) /tens rkt/ Tennisschlger In tennis, you hit the ball using a tennis racket.
SPORTS PEOPLE SPORTLER
athlete (n) /lit/ Leichtathlet(in) You have to be very ft to be a professional athlete.
boxer (n) /bks/ Boxer A boxer is someone who wears thick gloves to fght in a
ring.
footballer (n) /ftbl/ Fuballer(in) Beckham, Henry and Ronaldo are all professional
footballers.
golfer (n) /glf/ Golfer(in) Someone who plays the sport of golf is a golfer.
skier (n) /ski/ Skifahrer(in) You have to be very ft to be a professional skier.
swimmer (n) /swm/ Schwimmer(in) All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimming pool.
tennis player (n) /tens ple/ Tennisspieler(in) Roger Federer is the worlds best tennis player.
29
SPORTS PLACES
athletics track (n) /letks trk/ Stadion; Bahn fr Athletes run around an athletic track, which is circular
Leichtathletik in shape.
football pitch (n) /ftbl p/ Fuballplatz A football pitch is the large rectangular area where
people play football.
golf course (n) /glf ks/ Golfplatz Walking round a golf course is good exercise.
ski resort (n) /ski rzt/ Skiort Are there any famous ski resorts in your country?
sports feld (n) (TS) /spts fld/ Sportplatz At Tinas school there was a sports eld, tennis courts
and a swimming pool.
swimming pool (n) /swm pul/ Schwimmbad All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimming pool.
tennis court (n) /tens kt/ Tennisplatz A tennis court is the large rectangular area where
people play tennis.
Unit 6 (p.48)
audio equipment (n) /di kwpmnt/ Audio-Anlagen; -gerte Bensons is a company that produces audio equipment
baggy (adj) /bgi/ weit geschnitten Baggy clothes do not ft your body tightly.
bakery (n) /bekri/ Bckerei Charlotte dreams of living in a bakery and eating cakes
all day.
best (superl. adj) /best/ beste, -r, -s The best thing about being self-employed is that you can
go on holiday when you want.
bite (n) /bat/ Biss(wunde) The dog gave Sally a nasty bite.
bite (v) /bat/ beien The worst thing that happened to Sally was the dog that
bit her.
both (pronoun) /b/ beides Does Charlotte want to be a model or a snowboarder?
She wants to do both.
break your leg /brek j leg/ sich das Bein brechen If she breaks her leg snowboarding, she cant do
modelling.
conveyor belt (n) /knve belt/ Flieband Rob stood at the end of a conveyor belt, putting eggs
into boxes.
crash helmet (n) /kr helmt/ Schutzhelm A crash helmet protects your head when you are doing a
dangerous activity.
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department store (n) /dptmnt st/ Kaufhaus A department store is a large store that sells many
different types of things.
designer clothes (n pl) /dzan klz/ Designer-Kleidung When shes modelling, Charlotte wears beautiful
designer clothes.
disgusting (adj) /dsgst/ ekelhaft The smell in the egg factory was disgusting!
egg-packing factory (n) /egpk fktri/ Eierverpackungsfabrik Working conditions in the egg-packing factory were
terrible.
fall (v) /fl/ strzen; (hin)fallen Snowboarding is sometimes dangerous and I often fall.
fattening (adj) /ftn/ dick machend Cakes and chocolate are fattening food.
fight (n) /fat/ Flug A fight attendant doesnt have to pay for ights.
fruit-picking (n) /frutpk/ Obsternte Have you ever done fruit-picking in the summer?
hand out (phr v) /hnd at/ verteilen; aushndigen One of Robs jobs was handing out publicity fyers on
the street.
jump (n) /mp/ Sprung For the jumps and turns in snowboarding, you have to be
strong.
model (v) /mdl/ vorfhren She cant model the best skirts in Paris if she breaks her
leg!
modelling (n) /mdl/ als Model arbeiten Would you like a career in modelling?
muscles (n pl) /mslz/ Muskeln You need to be strong and have muscles to be a
snowboarder.
nasty (adj) /nsti/ bse; schlimm The dog gave Sally a nasty bite.
nightmare (adj) /natme/ Alptraum For Rob, working in the egg factory was a nightmare job!
publicity fyer (n) /pblsti fa/ Werbebroschre; A publicity yer is a piece of paper with an
advertisement -zettel; -fyer on it.
review (n) /rvju/ Kritik; Rezension Actors hate reading bad reviews about themselves in the
newspapers.
season (n) /sizn/ Saison Half the year shes a snowboarder, then she goes to Paris
for a season to be a model.
slim (adj) /slm/ schlank Someone who is slim is thin in an attractive way.
smell (n) /smel/ Geruch The smell in the egg factory was disgusting!
strong (adj) /str/ stark You need to be strong and have muscles to be a
snowboarder.
study (v) /stdi/ studieren Mia is a model but she wants to start studying again
when shes 30.
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tell lies /tel laz/ Lgen erzhlen People who tell lies do not tell the truth.
top (adj) /tp/ Top- Half the year Charlotte is a top model in Europe.
turn (n) /tn/ Drehung For the jumps and turns in snowboarding, you have to be
strong.
turn out (phr v) (TS) /tn at/ entwickeln; sich Now I have my own company so Im pleased with the way
ergeben things have turned out.
upset (adj) /pset/ mitgenommen; betrbt The reviewers wrote terrible things about me and I was so
upset.
useful (adj) /jusf/ ntzlich Which job do you think is the most useful to society?
various (adj) /veris/ verschieden Sally did various jobs when she was a student.
worst (superl. adj) /wst/ schlimmste, -r, -s The worst job Ive ever done is working as an au pair.
JOBS JOBS
actor (n) /kt/ Schauspieler Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie are both professional actors.
archaeologist (n) /kilst/ Archologe (-in) I was really interested in ancient history and my dream
was to become an archaeologist.
au pair (n) / pe/ Aupair Sally worked as an au pair for a rich family in New York.
ballet dancer (n) /ble dns/ Balletttnzer(in) You have to be very ft and talented to be a professional
ballet dancer.
bodyguard (n) /bdigad/ Leibwchter A bodyguard is someone who protects an important
person from being attacked.
butcher (n) /b/ Metzger A butcher is someone who sells meat.
cleaner (n) (TS) /klin/ Reinigungspersonal A cleaner is someone who cleans houses, offces or
buildings for a living.
company director (n) /kmp()ni drekt/ Firmendirektor; Mark started working for his father and now hes a
Geschftsfhrer company director.
cook (n) /kk/ Koch; Kchin A cook has to have very clean hands.
DJ (n) /die/ DJ A club DJ can get up late in the morning.
doctor (n) /dkt/ Arzt; rztin A surgeon is a doctor who does operations.
engineer (n) /enn/ Ingenieur Mark didnt work hard at school so couldnt become an
engineer.
factory worker (n) /fktri wk/ Fabrikarbeiter(in) Rob was a factory worker in an egg-packing factory.
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farmer (n) /fam/ Bauer; Landwirt When Frank was fve he wanted to be a farmer or a vet
because he loves animals.
fight attendant (n) /fat tendnt/ Flugbegleiter(in) A ight attendant looks after passengers on a plane.
managing director (n) /mn drekt/ leitender Direktor; Managing directors run large companies.
Geschftsfhrer
model (n) /mdl/ Model When she was 16 Mia had the chance to earn a lot of
money as a model.
nurse (n) /ns/ Krankenschwester; Some nurses dont get a decent salary.
Krankenpfeger(in)
personal trainer (n) /psnl tren/ persnliche(r) A personal trainer writes exercise programmes for
Trainer(in) people.
photographer (n) (TS) /ftgrf/ Fotograf(in) Elsies a photographer who takes photographs of rock
stars and bands.
pilot (n) /palt/ Pilot(in) A pilot is the person who fies a plane.
police offcer (n) /plis fs/ Polizist(in) Do you agree that police ofcers are badly paid?
receptionist (n) /rsepnst/ Rezeption; I spoke to the receptionist and made an appointment
Empfangsdame to have my hair cut.
sales assistant (n) /selz sstnt/ Verkufer(in) Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant in a
department store.
snowboarder (n) /snbd/ Snowboarder(in) Charlotte has two jobs shes a model and a snowboarder.
soldier (n) /sl/ Soldat(in) Lots of boys want to be soldiers when theyre young.
surgeon (n) /sn/ Chirurg(in) A surgeon is a doctor who does operations.
teacher (n) /ti/ Lehrer(in) Frank is a teacher and he loves it!
telesales person (n) /teliselz psn/ Verkufer(in) am Telefon A telesales person sells things on the phone.
tour(ist) guide (n) /tr(st) gad/ Reiseleiter(in) Tourist guides take tourists around cities or other
famous places.
vet (n) /vet/ Tierarzt; Tierrztin A vet looks after animals who are ill.
waiter (n) /wet/ Kellner(in) Sally managed to get a job as a waiter in an Italian
restaurant.
TIME EXPRESSIONS ZEITAUSDRCKE
a few moments ago / fju mmnts vor ein paar Sekunden I was speaking to Rob on the phone a few moments
g/ ago.
33
in 1998/2005 /n nantin nanti et/ (im Jahre) 1998/2005 He went to university in 2004.
tu aznd n fav/
last week/summer etc /lst wik/sm/ letzte Woche/letzten Last summer I did fruit-picking in Greece.
Sommer
over the years /v jz/ ber die Jahre Ive done lots of part-time jobs over the years.
recently (adv) /risntli/ in letzter Zeit What have you been doing recently?
this week/month etc /s wik/mn/ diese Woche/diesen Im ill I havent been to work this week.
Monat
today (adv) /tde/ heute We went on a trip to EuroDisney today.
When I was a (student) /wen a wz (stjudnt) / Als ich Student war When I was a student, I wanted to be a snowboarder.
years ago /jz g/ vor Jahren Years ago Mark wanted to be a soldier.
yesterday (adv) /jestde/ gestern What did you do yesterday?
WORK ARBEIT
accounts department (n) /kants dptmnt/ Buchhaltung The accounts department is the place where a company
keeps records of the money it receives and spends.
advertisement (n) /dvtsmnt/ Anzeige I saw your advertisement for a sales assistant and would
like to apply.
advertising (n) /dvtaz/ Werbung Advertising is the business of making advertisements.
apply for (a job) (phr v) pla f sich um eine Stelle Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant in a
bewerben department store.
ask for permission /sk f pmn/ um Erlaubnis bitten When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask for
permission.
available (adj) /velbl/ zur Verfgung (stehen) I would be available for an interview at any time, even
at short notice.
badly-paid (adj) /bdliped/ schlecht bezahlt A lot of people think teachers and nurses are badly paid.
be based at/in /bi best t/n/ seinen Arbeitsplatz Jack works as a bodyguard and hes based in London.
haben in
have a break /hv brek/ eine Pause machen You look tired you should have a break.
challenge (n) /ln/ Herausforderung Im bored at home and feel Im ready for a new challenge.
charge (35 per hour) (v) (TS) // berechnen (35 die Stunde) Kate earns a reasonably good salary she charges 35
per hour.
client (n) (TS) /klant/ Klient(in) Your clients are the people who you do work for.
34
company (n) /kmp()ni/ Firma Mark has his own company hes a company director.
have a day off /hv de f/ einen Tag freinehmen I never had a day off when I was an au pair!
department (n) /dptmnt/ Abteilung Elsie runs the photography department.
details (n pl) /ditelz/ Details Please see my Curriculum Vitae for more details.
earn (v) /n/ verdienen In which job can you earn the most money?
employ (v) (TS) /mpl/ beschftigen We employ a staff of 105.
employee (n) /mpli; empli/ Mitarbeiter(in) Arthur is our oldest employee at 87.
enclosed (adj) /nklzd/ als Anlage Please see my Curriculum Vitae, enclosed, for more
details.
experienced (adj) /ksprinst/ erfahren Edna is an experienced shop assistant who has worked in
different departments.
foreign travel (n) /frn trvl/ Auslandsreisen My job as a bodyguard involves a lot of foreign travel.
go to the toilet /g t tlt/ auf die Toilette gehen When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask for
permission.
head offce (n) /hed fs/ Zentrale Head ofce is the main offce of a company where most
of the staff work.
import and export (n) /mpt n ekspt/ Import-Export Someone who works in import and export deals with
other countries buying and selling goods.
involve (v) /nvlv/ mit einschlieen My job as a bodyguard involves a lot of foreign travel.
look for a job in /lk fr b/ eine Stelle suchen in Matt is unemployed but looking for a job in publishing.
look forward to (phr v) /lk fwd tu/ hoffen, bald I look forward to hearing from you is a good way of
ending a letter when you apply for a job.
make a living /mek lv/ seinen Lebensunterhalt It can be hard to make a living as an actor.
verdienen
marketing (n) /mkt/ Marketing People who work in marketing decide how to sell their
products by deciding on price, type of customer etc.
outdoors (adv) /atdz/ im Freien Farmers work outdoors a lot of the time.
paid holiday (n) /ped hlde/ bezahlter Urlaub Mr Reynolds employees get four weeks paid holiday a
year.
part-time (adj) /pttam/ Teilzeit- I need to work 5 days a week I dont want a part-time
job.
position (n) /pzn/ Stelle Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant.
35
publishing (n) /pbl/ Verlagswesen Publishing is the business of selling books and magazines.
quality control (n) /kwlti kntrl/ Qualittskontrolle Someone who works in quality control must make sure
that things are of a good enough quality to sell.
resign (v) /rzan/ kndigen She decided to resign when she got married.
be responsible for /bi rspnsbl f/ verantwortlich sein fr Sarah is a receptionist and shes responsible for
appointments and accounts.
retire (v) /rta/ in den Ruhestand gehen We never force anybody to retire here.
retirement age (n) /rtamnt e/ Pensionsalter Retirement age in the UK is 60 for women and 65 for
men.
run a business/department /rn bzns/ das Geschft fhren Mr Reynolds son is going to run the business from next
dptmnt/ year.
salary (n) /slri/ Gehalt Our staff are happy because we pay them a decent salary.
sales and promotion (n) /selz n prmn/ Verkauf und Werbung Layla is responsible for sales and promotion at a
company called Bensons.
self-employed (adj) (TS) /selfmpld/ freiberufich Someone who is self-employed works for themselves.
at short notice /t t nts/ kurzfristig If you do something at short notice, you do it without
having much time to prepare or think about it.
stressful (adj) /stresf/ stressig Nurses work long hours and the job can be very stressful.
take over (phr v) (TS) /tek v/ bernehmen My sons going to take over the business next year.
tourism (n) /trz()m/ Tourismus Tourism is the business of selling holidays to people.
training (n) /tren/ Ausbildung Vets and doctors have to do a long training.
unemployed (adj) /nmpld/ arbeitslos Someone who is unemployed does not have a job.
useful (adj) /jusf/ ntzlich Nurses, teachers and police offcers all do very useful jobs.
vocation (n) (TS) /vken/ Beruf Ive wanted to be a surgeon since I was a child its my
vocation.
well-paid (adj) /welped/ gut bezahlt Top football players are very well paid.
work from home /wk frm hm/ von zu Hause aus arbeiten Working from home can be lonely.
worker (n) (TS) /wk/ Mitarbeiter(in) Half of the workers at Mr Reynolds store are over
retirement age.
working conditions (n pl) /wk kndnz/ Arbeitsbedingungen Good working conditions are important in any job.
36
Review B (p.56)
advice (n) /dvas/ Rat; Beratung If youre not sure what to do, you can always ask for
advice.
ambitious (adj) /mbs/ ehrgeizig Helenas ambitious but Im more relaxed.
but (conj) /bt/ aber Helenas ambitious but Im more relaxed.
close (adj) /kls/ nah Helena and Kate have become much closer in the last
fve years.
be complete opposites (TS) /bi kmplit pzts/ ganz gegenstzliche Tom and I are very different. In fact were complete
Charaktere sein opposites.
drive (v) /drav/ fahren She earns a lot of money and drives a beautiful car.
full-time (adj) /fltam/ Vollzeit- I cant afford to work part time I need a full-time job.
handsome (adj) /hnsm/ gut aussehend A handsome man is very good-looking.
however (conj) /haev/ jedoch In many ways we are similar. However there are some
differences.
kindness (n) /kandns/ Liebenswrdigkeit The best thing about Helena is her kindness she always
buys beautiful presents for everyone.
lend (v) /lend/ borgen; leihen Could you lend me your mobile?
listener (n) /lsn/ Zuhrer(in) Kates a great listener. If I have a problem, I can always
talk to her.
look after (phr v) /lk ft/ aufpassen auf; sorgen fr Helena had to look after Kate because she was her older
sister.
on the other hand /n i hnd/ andererseits David talks too much about fashion. On the other hand
hes the kindest person I know.
pay rise (n) /pe raz/ Gehaltserhhung Nurses dont earn a lot they should get a pay rise.
researcher (n) /rs; ris/ Forscher(in) Kate works for a TV company as a researcher.
save money /sev mni/ Geld sparen Shes trying to save money by not buying new clothes.
sensitive (adj) /senstv/ sensibel Sensitive people often cry a lot.
smart (adj) /smt/ schick She isnt interested in looking smart she usually wears
jeans and a T-shirt.
successful (adj) /sksesf/ erfolgreich Helena is the director of a small but successful company.
37
turn off (phr v) /tn f/ ausschalten Turn off your mobiles before going into the exam room.
whereas (conj) /werz/ wohingegen David wants to work as an engineer whereas I want to
be an architect.
Unit 7 (p.60)
accommodation (n) (TS) /kmden/ Unterkunft Helens accommodation will be with the Odoi family.
arrest (v) /rest/ verhaften Police arrested fve people.
authentic (adj) (TS) /entk/ authentisch; echt Dont you want to stay in a hotel? No, I want to have
an authentic experience.
break away (from) (phr v) /brek we/ sich trennen von A small group of people broke away from the peaceful
demonstrators.
be buzzing with activity /bi bz w ktvti/ viel los sein Trafalgar Square was swarming with people and buzzing
with activity.
cause (v) (TS) /kz/ verursachen Do you agree that multinational companies are causing
global warming?
construct (v) /knstrkt/ konstruieren Volunteers help to construct houses, bridges and roads.
coordinator (n) (TS) /kdnet/ Koordinator(in) The volunteers coordinator, Bob White, is meeting
Helen when she arrives.
culture (n) (TS) /kl/ Kultur You really experience the local culture with Eco Holidays.
deliver a letter /dlvr let/ einen Brief abgeben A group of protesters delivered a letter to the Prime
Minister.
duty (n) /djuti/ Pficht Volunteers do a lot of different duties.
embassy (n) /embsi/ Botschaft Protesters marched from the US embassy to Trafalgar
Square.
event (n) /vent/ Ereignis The Climate change march was a big event 20,000
people took part.
everybody (pron) /evribdi/ alle Leute; jeder In the survey, everybody had used plastic bags for their
shopping.
experience (v) (TS) /ksprins/ erleben You really experience the local culture with Eco Holidays.
family-run (adj) /fmlirn/ Familien- Im in favour of small family-run companies.
38
farmers market (n) (TS) /fmz mkt/ Bauernmarkt I support local farmers and buy food from farmers
markets.
fght (against) (v) /fat (genst)/ kmpfen gegen Nelson Mandela fought against apartheid for over ffty
years.
fortunate (adj) (TS) /fnt/ Glck haben Helen wants to help people in developing countries who
are less fortunate.
gain (v) /gen/ gewinnen Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-confdence.
go through (phr v) (TS) /g ru/ durchgehen If you go through something again, you explain it again.
have fun (TS) /hv fn/ Spa haben Its my frst demonstration and Im having fun with my
friends.
imports (n pl) (TS) /mpts/ Importe Im against food imports and support local farmers.
information (n) (TS) /nfmen/ Information Eco Holidays will send you information about their
holidays.
a large/small number of / l/sml nmbr eine groe/kleine A large number of people have drunk bottled water
v/ Anzahl von in the past two weeks.
a long way (TS) / l we/ weit weg Im worried, Helen. Ghanas a long way from here.
make your way to /mek j we tu/ sich begeben A group of protesters on bicycles made their way to
10 Downing Street.
most people /mst pipl/ die meisten Leute In the survey most people had bought a hamburger in a
plastic container.
nobody (pron) /nbdi/ niemand The survey found that nobody had paid more for
environmentally-friendly products.
ocean (n) (TS) /n/ Ozean Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.
only a few people /nli fju pipl/ nur wenige Leute Only a few people have picked up litter.
organisation (n) /gnazen/ Organisation I work for an organisation called Eco Holidays.
organise (v) /gnaz/ organisieren The event was organised by the Campaign Against
Global Warming.
orphanage (n) /f()n/ Waisenhaus An orphanage is a place for children without parents.
package holiday (TS) /pk hlde/ Pauschalreise Were against big hotels and package holidays.
participate (v) /ptspet/ teilnehmen 20,000 people participated in the march.
penguin (n) (TS) /pegwn/ Pinguin Im in favour of protecting wild animals like polar bears
and penguins.
pick sb up (phr v) (TS) /pk smbdi p/ abholen Whos picking you up at the airport?
39
piper (n) /pap/ Dudelsackpfeifer Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers.
poetry reading (n) /ptri rid/ Dichterlesung The day started with speeches and poetry readings.
polar bear (n) (TS) /pl be/ Eisbr A polar bear is a large white bear that lives in cold
regions.
provided by /prvadd ba/ hier: gespielt von Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers.
river (n) (TS) /rv/ Fluss Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.
self-confdence (n) /selfknfdns/ Selbstvertrauen Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-condence.
set fre to sth /set fa t sm/ anznden Some protesters tried to set re to a supermarket.
several (pron) /sevrl/ mehrere Several people or things is a number that is more than
one or two, but not many.
sick (adj) /sk/ krank Sick animals are animals that are ill or injured.
skill (n) /skl/ Fertigkeit Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-confdence.
smash (v) /sm/ kaputt machen If you smash something that is made of glass, you break it.
start off (phr v) /stt f/ anfangen The day started off early outside the US embassy.
be swarming with people /bi swm w pipl/ wimmeln von Menschen Trafalgar Square was swarming with people and
buzzing with activity.
take part in sth /tek pt n sm/ teilnehmen an In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest
marches and demonstrations.
tick (v) /tk/ ticken When a clock ticks, it makes a small noise.
volunteer (n) /vlnt/ freiwillige(r) Helfer(in) Change your life and do something important. Become a
volunteer.
write down (phr v) (TS) /rat dan/ aufschreiben Write down their name and address for me.
CLIMATE CHANGE KLIMAWANDEL
campaign (n) /kmpen/ Kampagne The event was organised by the Campaign Against
Global Warming.
carry banners /kri bnz/ Transparente tragen Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans.
demand urgent action /dmnd nt kn/ schnelles Handeln fordern They delivered a letter demanding urgent action on
climate change.
demonstrate (against) (TS) /demnstret/ demonstrieren gegen The people from Eco Holidays are demonstrating
against mass tourism.
demonstration (n) /demnstren/ Demonstration In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest
marches and demonstrations.
40
demonstrator (n) /demnstret/ Demonstrant(in) A small group of people separated from the peaceful
demonstrators.
destroy (v) /dstr/ zerstren Matt thinks that the company is destroying the planet.
global warming (n) /glbl wm/ Erderwrmung A lot of people think that air travel is responsible for
global warming.
ice cap (n) (TS) /as kp/ Eiskappe If the ice caps melt, where will penguins and polar bears
live?
march (v) /m/ marschieren Protesters marched slowly to Trafalgar Square.
melt (v) (TS) /melt/ schmelzen When ice caps melt, they disappear because the
atmosphere is too warm.
peaceful (adj) /pisf/ friedlich A small group of people separated from the peaceful
demonstrators.
peacefully (adv) /pisf()li/ friedlich Most of the protesters marched peacefully.
protest (against) (v) /prtest/ protestieren gegen Thirty-six million people protested against the Iraq war
in 2003.
protest march (n) /prtest m/ Protestmarsch In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest
marches and demonstrations.
protestor (n) /prtest/ Demonstrant(in) A group of protesters on bicycles delivered a letter to
the Prime Minister.
shout slogans /at slgnz/ Parolen rufen Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans.
speech (n) /spi/ Rede The day started with speeches and poetry readings.
talks (n pl) /tks/ Gesprche World leaders met for climate change talks.
urgent action (n) /nt kn/ dringendes Handeln The letter demanded urgent action on climate change.
world leaders (n pl) /wld lidz/ die fhrenden Politiker World leaders are very important politicians in big
der Welt countries.
ENVIRONMENT UMWELT
atmosphere (n) /tmsf/ Atmosphre Matt thinks that Regal Chemicals is polluting the
atmosphere.
bottle bank (n) /btl bk/ Sammelstelle fr Flaschen A bottle bank is a place where people can take empty
bottles for recycling.
cycle to school/work /sakl t skul/wk/ mit dem Rad zur Cycling to work is better for the environment than
Schule/Arbeit fahren driving a car.
41
drink bottled water /drk btld wt/ Mineralwasser in If you drink bottled water, you should recycle the bottles.
Flaschen trinken
environmentally-friendly (adj) /nvarnmentlifrendli/ umweltfreundlich Would you pay more for environmentally-friendly
products?
global warming (n) /glbl wm/ Erderwrmung The slow increase in the temperature of the Earth is called
global warming.
green (adj) /grin/ grn The aim of the survey was to fnd out how green the
people of Greensville are.
mass-produced (adj) /ms prdjust/ aus der Massenproduktion Mass-produced, cheap clothes cannot be recycled.
mass tourism (n) (TS) /ms trz()m/ Massentourismus Mass tourism can be bad for the local culture.
multinational company (n) (TS) /mltinn()l multinationales Do you agree that multinational companies are
kmp()ni/ Unternehmen causing global warming?
organic farming/vegetables (n) /gnk fm/ biodynamische Volunteers plant trees and do organic farming.
vetblz/ Landwirtschaft;
Bio-Gemse
pick up litter /pk p lt/ Mll aufheben If you pick up litter, you pick up paper, bottles etc that
people have left on the ground in a public place.
plant trees /plnt triz/ Bume pfanzen Volunteers plant trees and do organic farming.
plastic bag (n) /plstk bg/ Plastikbeutel Using plastic bags for your shopping is bad for the
environment.
plastic container (n) /plstk knten/ Kunststoffverpackung The plastic containers for hamburgers are also bad for
the environment.
pollute (v) (TS) /plut/ verschmutzen Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.
public transport (n) /pblk trnspt/ ffentliche Verkehrsmittel Using public transport is better for the environment.
recycle bottles /risakl bt()lz/ Flaschen recyceln Do you recycle bottles?
renewable energy (n) /rnjubl eni/ erneuerbare Energie Renewable energy can be replaced by natural processes
and is never used up.
travel by air /trvl ba e/ Luftverkehr Travelling by air is bad for the environment.
wild animals (n) (TS) /wald nml/ Tiere in freier Wildbahn Im in favour of protecting wild animals such as polar
bears and penguins.
OPINIONS MEINUNGEN
Im against /am genst/ Ich bin gegen ... Im against food imports and support local farmers.
42
Im not anti-cars/tourism etc /am nt nti kz/ Ich bin nicht gegen Im not anti-cars I have a car but I think people
trz()m/ Autos/Tourismus should use public transport more.
I believe in /a bliv n/ Ich glaube an ... Im not against tourism but I believe in responsible
tourism.
I dont really care about /a dnt rli ker ... sind mir eigentlich I dont really care about people they can look after
bat/ egal.... themselves.
Im in favour of /am n fevr v/ Ich halte . fr gut Im in favour of small family-run companies.
I dont feel strongly about /a dnt fl strli Ich bin nicht sonderlich I dont feel strongly about politics, but Im worried
bat/ interessiert an ... about global warming.
I support /a spt/ Ich untersttze .... I support local farmers and buy food from farmers
markets.
Im worried about /am wrd bat/ Ich mache mir I dont feel strongly about politics, but Im worried
Sorgen um ...... about global warming.
ON THE PHONE AM TELEFON
Could I speak to ? /kd a spik tu/ Knnte ich mit .... Could I speak to the Managing Director, please?
sprechen?
Whos speaking? /huz spik/ Wer spricht denn da? Whos speaking? My names Matt Walker.
Hold on a moment, please. /hld n mmnt Bleiben Sie einen Hold on a moment, please. Ill try to put you through.
pliz/ Moment bitte dran.
Ill try to put you through. /al tra t pt ju ru/ Ich versuche, Sie Hold on a moment, please. Ill try to put you through.
durchzustellen.
Im afraid hes/shes out. /am fred hiz/iz at/ Ich frchte, er/sie Hello. Im afraid Mr Carr is out at the moment.
ist nicht da.
Would you like to leave /wd ju lak t liv Mchten Sie eine Would you like to leave a message? Yes, please.
a message? mes/ Nachricht hinterlassen?
Unit 8 (p.68)
Absolutely. /bslutli/ Absolut I think children need their mothers at home.
Absolutely.
afterwards (adv) /ftwdz/ nachher My father left school early and regretted it afterwards.
43
avoid (v) /vd/ vermeiden Avoid talking about subjects such as politics and religion.
become (v) /bkm/ werden Its very expensive to become a geisha.
blood-red (adj) /bldred/ blutrot Geishas have white faces and blood-red lips.
boarding house (n) /bd has/ Pension A trainee geisha has to leave her family and move into a
special boarding house.
brilliant (adj) /brljnt/ brillant If youre unemployed, tell them about your plans for a
brilliant career.
cheek (n) /ik/ Wange; Backe You should give Mum a quick kiss on the cheek.
comment (n) /kment/ Bemerkung; Kommentar If you make a comment about something, you criticise it.
complicated (adj) (TS) /kmplketd/ kompliziert Life was less complicated in my day.
computer programmer (n) /kmpjut prgrm/ Computer- More and more people are training to be computer
programmierer(in) programmers.
controversial (adj) /kntrvl/ kontrovers Avoid controversial topics of conversation.
cook (v) /kk/ kochen You should cook for your boyfriend.
couple (n) /kpl/ Paar Do you think couples should live together before they
get married?
customer (n) /kstm/ Kunde(in) A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.
date (n) /det/ Verabredung You should arrive on time for dates with your girlfriend.
defnitely (adv) /def()ntli/ bestimmt Were denitely not in a hurry to get married.
describe (v) /dskrab/ beschreiben We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.
develop photographs /dvelp/ Fotos entwickeln Miss Lewis taught us to develop our own photographs.
disturb (v) /dstb/ stren We couldnt disturb him because he was tired.
do well /du wel/ gut abschneiden Tonys father wanted him to do well at school.
the elderly (n pl) /i eldli/ ltere Menschen The elderly is an expression meaning old people.
engineering (n) /ennr/ Maschinenbau; Andy went to university and studied engineering.
Ingenieurwesen
enjoy (v) /n/ einem Spa machen Do you enjoy your life as a geisha? I love it.
entertain (v) /entten/ unterhalten A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.
entertainment (n) /enttenmnt/ Unterhaltung We didnt have a TV so we had to make our own
entertainment.
equal (adj) /ikwl/ gleich(berechtigt) You should pay when you go out. Women want to be
equal, but not that equal!
44
fascinated (adj) /fsnetd/ fasziniert Both Japanese and foreigners are fascinated by geisha.
fasten (v) (TS) /fsn/ anschnallen Fasten your seatbelt, grandad.
Its fne to /ts fan tu/ Es ist in Ordnung Its ne to wear jeans and a T-shirt most of the time, but
not when you meet the parents.
frm (adj) /fm/ fest Greet Dad with a rm handshake.
fower arranging (n) /fa ren/ Blumenstecken Flower arranging is a traditional Japanese art.
foreigner (n) /frn/ Auslnder(in) Foreigners are people who come from other countries
free (adj) /fri/ kostenlos Scott thinks colleges and universities should be free for
everybody.
freedom (n) /fridm/ Freiheit When Scott was at school, he had a lot of freedom.
geisha (n) /ge/ Geisha We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.
generation (n) /enren/ Generation A generation is a group of people who are born and live
at about the same time.
greet (v) /grit/ begren When you greet someone, you say hello to them or shake
their hand.
grow up (phr v) /gr p/ aufwachsen When I was growing up, my father was always at work.
handshake (n) /hndek/ Hndedruck Greet Dad with a frm handshake.
Its a hard life /ts hd laf/ Das Leben ist hart Its a hard life for a trainee geisha she has to leave her
family and live in a boarding house.
be hard work /bi hd wk/ harte Arbeit sein I love being a geisha but its hard work.
have sth in common (with sb) /hv sm n kmn/ etwas gemein mit Find out if you have anything in common with the
jmd haben parents before you meet them.
hide (v) /had/ verbergen I have a good relationship with my dad I dont have to
hide anything from him.
high school (n) /ha skul/ Gymnasium; Sekundarschule Sometimes I want to wear jeans and go to high school
like a normal teenager.
honest (adj) /nst/ ehrlich Dont tell lies. You should be honest about what you do.
a horse and cart (n) (TS) / hs n kt/ Pferdewagen I thought you drove a horse and cart in your day.
Hmm, very funny!
hungry (adj) /hgri/ hungrig Dont give him a salad if hes hungry.
be in a hurry /bi n hri/ es eilig haben Were defnitely not in a hurry to get married.
in my day (TS) /n ma de/ zu meiner Zeit Life was less complicated in my day.
45
in the back (TS) /n bk/ auf dem Rcksitz You have to fasten your seatbelt in the back.
instrument (n) /nstrmnt/ Instrument Geishas have to learn to play instruments.
interior design (n) (TS) /ntri dzan/ Innenarchitektur Im a sort of interior design consultant. He works in
a furniture shop.
keep sb waiting /kip smbdi wet/ jmd warten lassen Women hate it when you keep them waiting.
kimono (n) /kmn/ Kimono A kimono costs three million yen, thats about $30,000.
kiss (n) /ks/ Kuss Give Mum a kiss on the cheek.
learn (v) /ln/ lernen Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.
lips (n pl) /lps/ Lippen Geishas have white faces and blood-red lips.
luxury (n) /lkri/ Luxus (artikel) I have to work to pay for any luxuries I want.
make conversation /mek knvsen/ Konversation machen A geisha has to sing, dance and make conversation.
make an effort /mek n eft/ sich anstrengen Make an effort to dress smartly when you meet the
parents.
make a good impression /mek gd mpren/ einen guten Eindruck Its important to make a good frst impression.
machen
marriage (n) /mr/ Ehe Attitudes to marriage have changed over the years.
medicine (n) /medsn/ Medizin You must study medicine for seven years before
becoming a doctor.
military service (n) /mlt()ri svs/ Militrdienst Scotts grandfather was proud to do military service.
motorbike (n) (TS) /mtbak/ Motorrad I had a beautiful motorbike a Triumph.
motorway (n) (TS) /mtwe/ Autobahn We couldnt drive fast because there werent any
motorways.
mysterious (adj) /mstris/ geheimnisvoll Geishas are beautiful and mysterious women.
obey (v) /be / gehorchen My father was very strict and we had to obey him.
of course /v ks/ natrlich; Can you have a family later? Of course, I can get
selbstverstndlich married when I choose.
Oh dear! (TS) / d/ O je You have to wear a seatbelt. Oh dear. All these rules
and regulations.
go to the opposite extreme /g t i pzt ins andere Extrem gehen Dont go to the opposite extreme and wear your job
kstrim/ interview clothes.
photo album (n) (TS) /ft lbm/ Fotoalbum Ill get the photo albums and we can look at some
photos.
46
play a role /ple rl/ eine Rolle spielen University students play an important role in the future
of the country.
politics (n) /pltks/ Politik Dont talk about politics or religion.
pregnant (adj) /pregnnt/ schwanger We got married when Louise found out she was pregnant.
Be prepared to /bi prped tu/ auf etwas vorbereitet Be prepared to answer questions.
sein; bereit sein
preserve (v) /przv/ erhalten Geishas play an important role in preserving Japanese
culture and history.
be proud of sb (TS) /bi prad v smbdi/ stolz auf jmd sein Recently I won a photography competition Miss Lewis
would be proud of me!
public place (n) /pblk plesz/ ffentlicher Ort We had to meet girlfriends in public places.
regret (v) /rgret/ bedauern I left school early and regretted it.
relationship (n) /rlenp/ Beziehung Scott and his father have a close relationship.
religion (n) /rl()n/ Religion Avoid subjects such as politics and religion.
research (n) /rs; ris/ Recherche Do some research and fnd out information about the
parents before you meet them.
rules and regulations (n pl) (TS) /rulz n regjlenz/ Regeln und Vorschriften You have to wear a seatbelt. Oh dear. All these rules
and regulations.
seatbelt (n) /sitbelt/ Sicherheitsgurt Fasten your seatbelt, grandad.
serve (v) /sv/ bedienen A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.
share (v) /e/ teilen You probably dont share the same opinions so dont talk
about politics or religion.
strict (adj) /strkt/ strikt My father was very strict and we had to obey him.
Take a seat. (TS) /tek sit/ Nehmen Sie Platz. Come in and take a seat.
take care of /tek ker v/ fr jmd sorgen If you take care of someone, you look after them.
taste (n) /test/ Geschmack You probably dont share the same opinions and tastes as
the parents.
tea ceremony (n) /ti sermni/ Tee-Zeremonie The tea ceremony is a Japanese custom that involves
serving tea.
tell the truth /tel tru/ die Wahrheit sagen Tell the truth you should be honest about what you do.
topic of conversation (n) /tpk v knvsen/ Gesprchsthema Avoid topics of conversation such as politics or religion.
traditional (adj) /trdn()l/ traditionell Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.
47
trainee (adj) /treni/ in der Ausbildung Its a hard life for a trainee geisha.
varied (adj) /verd/ vielseitig Her lessons were interesting and varied.
well-dressed (adj) /weldrest/ gut gekleidet You may be good-looking and well-dressed but you
have to make her laugh as well.
without question /wat kwes()n/ ohne Widerrede He was very strict we had to obey him without
question.
EDUCATION AND TRAINING BILDUNG UND AUSBILDUNG
academic (adj) (TS) /kdemk/ akademisch I wasnt very academic at school, but I loved art.
apply for a place /pla fr ples/ sich um einen At 17 or 18 many students apply for a place
Studienplatz bewerben at university.
competition (n) (TS) /kmptn/ Wettbewerb Recently I won a photography competition Miss Lewis
would be proud of me!
course (n) /ks/ Kurs Students get a degree when they fnish the course.
degree (n) /dgri/ Hochschulabschluss Students get a degree when they fnish the course.
end-of-year exam (n) /endvj gzm/ Jahresabschlussprfung If you fail your end-of-year exams, you can usually take
them again.
entrance exam (n) /entrns gzm/ Aufnahmeprfung You have to pass an entrance exam if you want to go to
university.
fail (an exam) (v) /fel (n gzm) / durchfallen Did you pass your exam or fail?
fnals (n pl) /fanlz/ Abschlussprfungen Final year exams are often called nals.
gap year (n) /gp j/ ein Jahr Pause zwischen A gap year is a year between school and university
Schule und Studium when students often go abroad.
get a place at (university) /get ples/ einen Studienplatz When Tony was eighteen, he got a place at university.
bekommen
go to university /g t junvsti/ eine Universitt besuchen It costs a lot of money to go to university.
be good at sth /bi gd t sm/ etwas gut knnen Art was Andys favourite subject he was good at it.
grant (n) /grnt/ Stipendium My parents didnt support me fnancially because I got a
grant.
homework (n) /hmwk/ Hausaufgaben Tony had to do his homework every night after school.
leave school/university /liv skul/junvsti/ Schule/Universitt verlassen Gordon left school early and regretted it afterwards.
lesson (n) /lesn/ Unterrichtsstunde She was a really good teacher her lessons were
interesting and varied.
48
nursery school (n) /ns()ri skul/ Kindergarten Most children go to nursery school between the ages of
3 and 5.
pass (a test/exam) (v) /ps ( test/gzm) / bestehen Students get a degree when they pass the fnal exams.
primary school (n) /pramri skul/ Grundschule Children start primary school at the age of 5.
qualify (v) /kwlfa/ die Ausbildung abschlieen It takes seven years before you qualify as a doctor.
secondary school (n) /seknd()ri skul/ Sekundarstufe Children start secondary school at the age of 11.
studies (n pl) /stdiz/ Studium Scotts parents pay for his college studies.
subject (n) /sbekt/ Fach Whats your favourite subject at school?
support sb fnancially /spt smbdi jmd fnanziell untersttzen My parents didnt support me nancially because I got
fann()li/ a grant.
take a test/exam /tek test/gzm/ einen Test/eine If you fail your end-of-year exams, you can usually take
Prfung machen them again.
train (v) /tren/ eine Ausbildung erhalten What job would you like to train for?
vocational course (n) /vken()l ks/ berufsorientierter Kurs A vocational course is one such as secretarial studies or
car maintenance that trains you directly for a job.
Unit 9 (p.76)
ability (n) /blti/ Fhigkeit Someone who is confdent is certain about their abilities.
addictive (adj) /dktv/ schtig machend Coffee can be addictive argument.
appear (v) /p/ erscheinen On some people, dimples appear in their cheeks when
they smile.
around (prep) /rand/ um A true smile involves the muscles around the eyes.
authority (n) /rti/ Autoritt Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.
care (about) (v) /ker (bat) / sich kmmern um Someone who is sensitive cares about other peoples
feelings.
the centre of attention / sentr v tenn/ Mittelpunkt der Sensitive people dont usually like being the centre of
Aufmerksamkeit attention in a crowd.
certain (adj) /stn/ sicher Someone who is confdent is certain about their abilities.
a cold (n) / kld/ eine Erkltung When you have a cold, your nose is blocked and you
cough.
49
at the corners of /t knz v/ in den Mundwinkeln A true smile involves the muscles at the corners of the
mouth.
the cost of living (n) / kst v lv/ Lebensunterhaltskosten The cost of living is cheap in Thailand.
the country (n) / kntri/ das Land Do you like doing long walks in the country?
crowd (n) /krad/ Menge Shy people do not feel confdent in a crowd.
the edge of /i e v/ Rand When people smile, wrinkles appear around the edge of
their eyes.
encourage (v) /nkr/ ermuntern A listener will smile to encourage the speaker.
enjoyment (n) /nmnt/ Vergngen The genuine smile of enjoyment makes us feel good,
and other people too.
extremely (adv) /kstrimli/ uerst A true smile is extremely hard to fake.
fake (adj) /fek/ falsch Fake is the opposite of true.
fake (v) /fek/ flschen Its very diffcult to fake a true smile.
for (prep) /weak f; strong f/ seit How long have you been here, Jeff? For about six
months.
genuine (adj) /enjun/ genuin; echt Genuine means the same as true.
go up (phr v) /g p/ hochgehen When people smile their eyebrows go up.
have a conversation /hv knvsen/ ein Gesprch haben When two people have a conversation, they talk to
each other.
have a tooth out /hv tu at/ einen Zahn ziehen lassen When you have a tooth out, the dentist removes it.
honeymoon (n) (TS) /hnimun/ Flitterwochen A honeymoon is a holiday that two people have after
they get married.
horrible (adj) /hrbl/ furchtbar If your aunt gives you a horrible birthday present, you
might give a polite smile.
inspiring (adj) (TS) /nspar/ inspirierend An inspiring place makes you feel happy and excited.
irritating (adj) /rtet/ lstig Optimists can sometimes be irritating.
joker (n) /k/ Witzbold A joker is someone with a good sense of humour who
likes doing or saying funny things.
jungle (n) /gl/ Dschungel The jungles in the north of Thailand are perfect for
elephant trekking.
kill (v) /kl/ umbringen Ive got a cold. Dont worry it wont kill you.
laid-back (adj) (TS) /ledbk/ entspannt A laid-back lifestyle is calm and relaxed.
lifestyle (n) /lafstal/ Lebensstil Your lifestyle is the type of life you lead.
50
lock (v) /lk/ abschlieen When you lock a door, you close it using a key.
make sb feel good /mek smbdi fl jmd sich wohlfhlen A true smile makes you and other people feel good.
gd/ lassen
miserable (adj) /mz()rbl/ elend; unglcklich Miserable means very sad or unhappy.
miss (v) (TS) /ms/ vermissen What do you miss about home? Not the weather or
food, but I miss my family and friends.
mouth-watering (adj) /mawtr/ appetitlich Mouth-watering food smells or tastes good.
obvious (adj) (TS) /bvis/ offensichtlich What does Jeff like about Thailand, apart from the
obvious things like weather, food and lifestyle?
optimist (n) /ptmst/ Optimist(in) An optimist sees the positive side of life.
pessimist (n) /pesmst/ Pessimist(in) A pessimist sees the negative side of life.
polite (adj) /plat/ hfich A polite smile is the sort of smile you give when someone
gives you a horrible birthday present.
propose (v) /prpz/ vorschlagen Im going to propose to Dawn I hope she says yes.
raised (adj) /rezd/ hochgezogen Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs of a
true smile.
realist (n) /rlst/ Realist(in) A realist knows that there are ups and downs in life.
rebel (n) /rebl/ Rebell(in) Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.
rent (v) (TS) /rent/ mieten Hans has rented a house in Thailand because he wants to
write a novel.
respect (n) /rspekt/ Respekt Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.
rose petals (n pl) (TS) /rz petlz/ Rosenblten The Rayavadee Hotel is wonderful they put rose petals
in our bath!
sense of humour (n) /sens v hjum/ Sinn fr Humor Someone who has a good sense of humour can laugh at
things and tell jokes.
the positive/negative / pztv/negtv die positive/negative An optimist sees the positive side of life; a pessimist
side of life sad v laf/ Seite des Lebens sees the negative side of life.
since (prep) /sns/ seit Becky and Jeff have been running a bar on the beach
since 2004.
smile (n) /smal/ Lcheln Very often social smiles are not real; they are fake
smiles.
smile (v) /smal/ lcheln According to research, we smile for many different
reasons.
51
social smile (n) /sl smal/ soziales Lcheln Very often social smiles are not real; they are fake
smiles.
speaker (n) /spik/ Sprecher(in) A listener will smile to encourage the speaker.
start up (phr v) (TS) /stt p/ anfangen mit I hope to start up my own company soon.
stay away (phr v) (TS) /ste we/ fernbleiben Tourists stayed away for a long time after the tsunami.
be sure of yourself /bi v jself/ selbstsicher sein People who are sure of themselves are often bossy and
ambitious.
tighten (v) /tatn/ straffen Fake smiles are easy to do you just have to tighten
the muscles in your cheeks.
toothy (adj) /tui/ die Zhne zeigend A toothy smile is one in which you show your teeth.
ups and downs (n pl) /ps n danz/ Hhen und Tiefen A realist knows that there are ups and downs in life.
upset (v) /pset/ aus der Ruhe bringen Someone who is easygoing is calm and is not easy to
upset.
vibrant (adj) /vabrnt/ pulsierend A place that is vibrant is lively and interesting.
waste time /west tam/ Zeit verschwenden I never waste time worrying about the future.
whatever (pron) (TS) /wtev/ wie auch immer Shall we go to the cinema? Yeah, whatever. I dont
really mind.
wide (adj) /wad/ breit A wide, toothy smile shows that a person is easygoing
and friendly.
wrinkle (n) /rkl/ Falte Wrinkles are small lines that appear in the skin on your
face.
ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE CHARACTER ADJEKTIVE, DEN DEN CHARAKTER BESCHREIBEN
ambitious (adj) /mbs/ ehrgeizig Someone who is ambitious wants to be successful.
bossy (adj) /bsi/ herrschschtig Someone who is bossy likes telling other people what to
do.
calm (adj) /km/ ruhig Someone who is calm is relaxed and not easy to upset.
cheeky (adj) /iki/ frech Someone who is cheeky has a good sense of humour but
no respect for authority.
confdent (adj) /knfd()nt/ selbstbewusst Someone who is condent is certain about their abilities.
easygoing (adj) /izig/ gelassen; lssig Someone who is easygoing is relaxed and calm.
friendly (adj) /frendli/ freundlich A friendly person enjoys being with other people.
52
hardworking (adj) /hdwk/ feiig Hardworking, ambitious people work hard to get what
they want.
loyal (adj) /ll/ loyal A loyal friend continues to support you in diffcult times.
nervous (adj) /nvs/ nervs Shy people are nervous in the company of other people.
relaxed (adj) rlkst entspannt A relaxed person is calm and does not worry a lot about
things.
sensitive (adj) /senstv/ sensibel Sensitive people care about other peoples feelings.
shy (adj) /a/ schchtern Shy people can also be loyal, sensitive friends.
sociable (adj) /sbl/ kontaktfreudig Sociable people are friendly and enjoy being with other
people.
warm (adj) /wm/ warm If you have a warm personality, you are friendly and
sociable.
welcoming (adj) /welkm/ gastfreundlich The people in Thailand are warm and welcoming.
BODY IDIOMS IDIOMATISCHE AUSDRCKE, DIE MIT DEM KRPER TUN HABEN
cost an arm and a leg /kst n m n leg/ sehr viel kosten Something that costs an arm and a leg is extremely
expensive.
give sb a hand /gv smbdi hnd/ jmd helfen If you give someone a hand, you help them.
keep your fngers crossed /kip j fgz krst/ Daumen drcken If you keep your ngers crossed for someone, you
(for sb) hope that something good will happen to them.
not see eye to eye with sb /nt si a tu a w anderer Meinung sein People who do not see eye to eye with each other, do
smbdi/ not get on together or agree.
pull sbs leg /pl smbdiz leg/ jmd auf den Arm nehmen If you pull someones leg, you say something to them as
a joke.
THE FACE/HAIR DAS GESICHT/DIE HAARE
cheeks (n pl) /iks/ Wangen; Backen Your cheeks are the soft parts on each side of your face
below your eyes.
curly (adj) /kli/ lockig; kraus Curly hair is not straight and falls in rings or circles.
dimple (n) /dmpl/ Grbchen In some people, dimples appear in their cheeks when
they smile.
eyebrows (n pl) /abraz/ Augenbrauen Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs of a
true smile.
53
full (adj) /fl/ voll Full lips are wide and round.
mouth (n) /ma/ Mund Your mouth is the part of your face that you eat and
speak with.
pale (adj) /pel/ blass Pale cheeks are white in colour.
pointed (adj) /pntd/ Spitz- A pointed chin is long and narrow, with a point at the
end.
rosy (adj) /rzi/ rosig Rosy cheeks are red or pink in colour.
square (adj) /skwe/ kantig; eckig A square chin has straight edges and is not curved or
pointed.
straight (adj) /stret/ glatt; gerade 1) Straight hair has no curls or waves.
2) Straight teeth are in the correct position and do not
lean to one side.
teeth (n pl) /ti/ Zhne Its important to brush your teeth regularly.
thick (adj) /k/ dicht; dick Thick eyebrows are wide with a lot of hairs.
thin (adj) /n/ dnn 1) Thin lips are straight and narrow.
2) Thin eyebrows are narrow with not many hairs.
wavy (adj) /wevi/ wellig; lockig Wavy hair has waves or small curls in it.
white (adj) /wat/ wei White teeth are the same colour as milk and look clean.
Review C (p.84)
close our eyes to sth (TS) /klz r az t sich einer Sache We mustnt close our eyes to the problem of
sm/ gegenber blind stellen the environment.
fairly (adv) /feli/ ziemlich Fairly is a word meaning quite.
gardener (n) (TS) /gdn/ Grtner(in) After Dad lost his job, he started working as a gardener.
get tired of (TS) /get tad v/ etwas satt haben Callum gets tired of eating potatoes, salad and apples.
go green /g grin/ grn werden If you go green, you start do live in a way that is healthy
for the environment.
healthily (adv) /helli/ gesund We eat very healthily now and Ive learned to cook some
interesting vegetables.
54
issue (n) (TS) /u; sju/ Angelegenheit; Frage; He started working as a gardener and thats how he
Problem became interested in green issues.
persuade (v) (TS) /pswed/ berreden Environmental groups try to persuade people to change
their lives.
serious (adj) /sris/ ernst Hazel knew Phil was serious about it, so she said yes.
split up (with) (phr v) /splt p/ sich trennen von Meg wants to split up with her boyfriend as they have
nothing in common.
worthwhile (adj) /wwal/ sinnvoll Meg wants to do something worthwhile so shes going
to give some money to Greenpeace.
Unit 10 (p.88)
ancestors (n pl) /nsestz/ Vorfahren Your ancestors are people related to you who lived a
long time ago.
army offcer (n) /mi fs/ Armeeoffzier Darren is 26 and training to be an army ofcer.
as soon as /z sun z/ sobald As soon as your husband arrives, hell have a ftness test.
be like chalk and cheese /bi lak k n iz/ so verschieden wie Is Petes sister like him? Not at all theyre like chalk
Tag und Nacht sein and cheese.
click on (phr v) /klk n/ anklicken Once youre on the website, just click on the dish to see
the complete recipe.
consider (v) /knsd/ berlegen If you consider something, you think about it.
consist (of) (v) /knsst (v) / bestehen aus Their low-calorie diet consists of three quarters plant
food and one quarter animal food.
cute (adj) /kjut/ niedlich The little red Porsche was cute but I didnt use it much.
drive sb crazy /drav smbdi krezi/ in den Wahnsinn treiben My poor Daddy I used to drive him crazy!
driving licence (n) /drav lasns/ Fhrerschein I got a car for my 17th birthday, but I didnt even have a
driving licence.
engrave (v) /ngrev/ eingravieren; einschnitzen If you engrave something onto stone, you write it there
using something such as a knife.
ftness test (n) /ftns test/ Fitnessprfung As soon as your husband arrives, hell have a tness test
be full of beans /bi fl v/ putzmunter sein If you are full of beans, you are very energetic.
55
guy (n) /ga/ Kerl He used to introduce me to all these nice guys, but I
wasnt interested in them.
heaven (n) /hevn/ Himmel Heaven is the place where good people are supposed
to go when they die.
introduce (v) /ntrdjus/ vorstellen Daddy used to introduce me to all these nice guys, but I
wasnt interested.
Its a piece of cake. /ts pis v kek/ Es ist ein Kinderspiel. Its not diffcult at all, in fact its a piece of cake.
knock (v) /nk/ klopfen If someone is ill, a neighbour will always knock on their
door to see how they are.
lazy (adj) /lezi/ faul When Darren was a student, he used to be very lazy.
love-hate relationship (n) /lvhet rlenp/ Hass-Liebe-Beziehung I had a love-hate relationship with that car I loved it
when it worked but I hated it when it broke down!
low-calorie (adj) /lklri/ mit wenig Kalorien Okinawans eat a low-calorie diet.
luggage (n) /lg/ Gepck We didnt take any luggage because there wasnt any
room for suitcases.
non-existent (adj) /nngzst()nt/ nicht vorhanden Nobody is in a hurry and timetables are non-existent.
not be sbs cup of tea /nt bi smbdz kp nicht jmds Typ sein What do you think of that guy? Hes OK, but hes not
v ti/ really my cup of tea.
be packed in like sardines /bi pkt n lak wie die Sardinen It was so crowded we were packed in like sardines.
sdinz/ hineingepfercht warden
proverb (n) /prvb/ Sprichwort A proverb is a short, well-known statement that gives
practical advice about life.
serving (n) /sv/ Portion The Okinawans eat seven servings of fruit and
vegetables every day.
set (v) /set/ untergehen When the sun sets, it slowly disappears at the end of the
day.
stamina (n) (TS) /stmn/ Durchhaltevermgen Darren is very strong and has amazing stamina.
stone (n) /stn/ Stein Near a beach there is a large stone with a proverb
engraved on it.
stress-free (adj) /stresfri/ stressfrei If you have a healthy diet and a stress-free lifestyle, you
will live longer.
stress-resistant (adj) /stresrzst()nt/ widerstandsfhig If you have a stress-resistant personality, you do not
suffer from stress.
strictly (adv) (TS) /strktli/ strengstens Youre not allowed to have a cigarette in here its a
strictly no-smoking area.
56
tent (n) /tent/ Zelt Every weekend we left town with our tent in the back of
the car.
timetable (n) /tamtebl/ Terminplan; Zeitplan A timetable is a list of times at which you must do
something or at which something happens.
be in trouble /bi n trbl/ rger bekommen If you have a cigarette in a no-smoking area, youll be in
trouble!
well-built (adj) /welblt/ krftig gebaut Someone who is well-built has a body that looks strong.
youth (n) /ju/ Jugendliche(r) A youth is a young person, usually a teenager.
CARS AUTOMOBILE
air conditioning (n) /e kndn/ Klimaanlage Air conditioning is a system that makes the air colder.
bonnet (n) /bnt/ Motorhaube The bonnet is the front part of a car that covers the
engine.
boot (n) /but/ Kofferraum The boot is the back part of a car that you can put
luggage into.
break down (phr v) /brek dan/ eine Panne haben If your car breaks down, it stops working and you cant
use it.
bumper (n) /bmp/ Stostange A bumper is a piece of metal or rubber at the front and
back of a car that protects it.
economical (adj) /iknmkl; wirtschaftlich A car that is economical to run does not use a lot of
eknmkl/ petrol.
engine (n) /enn/ Motor The engine is the part of a car that uses petrol to
produce movement.
environmentally friendly (adj) /nvarnmentlifrendli/ umweltfreundlich A car that is environmentally friendly is designed not
to harm the environment.
fall off (phr v) /fl f/ herunterfallen One day it was raining, and the windscreen wiper fell off!
fashy (adj) (TS) /fi/ auffllig Id like to drive a Chevrolet with a silver bumper and big,
ashy headlights.
gear stick (n) /g stk/ Schalthebel The gear stick is the short metal stick in a car that you
use when you increase speed.
glamorous (adj) (TS) /glmrs/ fott; schick Id love to wear glamorous evening clothes and go to a
restaurant in a Chevrolet!
handbrake (n) /hndbrek/ Handbremse You pull a handbrake with your hand to keep a car still
after it has stopped.
57
headlights (n pl) (TS) /hedlats/ Scheinwerfer The headlights are the lights on the front of a car that
you use for driving at night.
leather seat (n) /le sit/ Ledersitz A Chevrolet has soft leather seats.
give sb a lift /gv smbdi lft/ jmd mitnehmen Can you give me a lift to the station?
made in your country /med n j kntri/ in Ihrem Land gebaut I only buy cars that are made in my country.
number plate (n) /nmb plet/ Nummernschild The number plate is the sign on the front and back of a
vehicle with letters and numbers on it.
overtake (v) /vtek/ berholen You should only overtake other drivers when the road
ahead is clear.
park (v) /pk/ parken A lot of women want cars that are easy to park.
posh (adj) (TS) /p/ vornehm A place that is posh is expensive and attractive.
run (v) /rn/ betreiben; unterhalten If you run a car, you own it and use it regularly.
run out of (phr v) /rn at v/ einem das Benzin ausgehen If you run out of petrol, you have no more petrol left.
rush hour (n) /r a/ Stozeit Most people hate driving during the rush hour.
satellite navigation system (n) /stlat nvgen Satellitennavigationssystem A satellite navigation system shows you the in which
sstm/ you should travel.
seat belt (n) /sit belt/ Sicherheitsgurt Dont forget to fasten your seat belt!
sound system (n) /sand sstm/ Audiosystem A sound system is a piece of equipment for playing music.
spacious (adj) /spes/ gerumig The car is really spacious, with plenty of room to stretch
your legs.
steering wheel (n) /str wil/ Lenkrad The steering wheel is the wheel that you hold and turn
to control the direction of the car.
stretch your legs (TS) /stre je legz/ die Beine vertreten The car is really spacious, with plenty of room to stretch
your legs.
sunroof (n) /snruf/ Schiebedach A sunroof is part of the roof of a car that you can open.
traffc jam (n) /trfk m/ Verkehrsstau If you are stuck in a trafc jam, you cant drive because
there is too much traffc.
tyre (n) /ta/ Reifen A tyre is the thick rubber cover around the wheel of a car.
wheel (n) /wil/ Rad A car has four wheels.
windscreen (n) /wndskrin/ Windschutzscheibe The windscreen is the large glass window at the front of
a vehicle.
windscreen wiper (n) /wndskrin wap/ Scheibenwischer A windscreen wiper is the long, thin thing that moves
across a windscreen and removes rain.
58
COLLOCATIONS KOLLOKATIONEN
a brisk walk / brsk wk/ ein fotter Spaziergang We usually go for a brisk four-hour walk in the morning.
an extended family /n kstendd fmli/ eine Grofamilie An extended family is a larger family group that
includes cousins, aunts, uncles etc.
be in a hurry /bi n hri/ es eilig haben In Okinawa, nobody is in a hurry and timetables are
non-existent.
keep ft /kip ft/ ft bleiben I go swimming twice a week to keep t.
lead a healthy life /lid heli laf/ ein gesundes Leben fhren Eating fruit and vegetables and doing sport is a good way
to lead a healthy life.
do martial arts /du ml ts/ Kampfsport betreiben If you do martial arts, you do sports such as judo or
karate.
a network of friends / netwk v frendz/ ein Freundeskreis A network of friends is the group of friends you see
regularly.
a spectacular sunset / spektkjl snset/ ein atemberaubender A spectacular sunset is very beautiful to watch.
Sonnenuntergang
FOOD & COOKING ESSEN UND KOCHEN
add (v) /d/ hinzugeben Add vanilla ice cream to the bananas to make a banana
split.
aubergine (n) /bin/ Aubergine An aubergine is a vegetable with a dark purple skin and
white fesh.
bake (v) /bek/ backen You can bake bananas in the oven in their skin.
banana (n) /bnn/ Banane A banana is a long curved fruit with a yellow skin.
banana-split (n) /bnnsplt/ Banane-Split Banana split is a dish that consists of bananas and ice
cream.
batter (n) /bt/ Teig Batter is a mixture of four, milk and eggs used in cooking.
bean (n) /bin/ Bohne A bean is a seed of various plants; there are many
different types such as green beans, soya beans etc.
boil (v) /bl/ kochen If you boil something, you cook it in hot water.
brown sugar (n) /bran g/ brauner Zucker You can grill bananas and put brown sugar on top.
butter (n) /bt/ Butter Cut the bananas in half and fry them in butter.
carrot (n) /krt/ Karotte; Mohrrbe A carrot is a long orange vegetable that grows under the
ground.
59
caulifower (n) /klifa/ Blumenkohl A cauliower is a vegetable with a hard, round white
part surrounded by green leaves.
cherry (n) /eri/ Kirsche A cherry is a small round black or red fruit.
chicken (n) /kn/ Hhnerfeisch Chicken is the white meat of a chicken, eaten as food.
chop (v) /p/ zerhacken; kleinschneiden If you chop something, you cut it into pieces with a knife.
coconut (n) /kknt/ Kokosnuss A coconut is a very large nut that is white inside and has
a hard brown shell.
cucumber (n) /kjukmb/ Gurke A cucumber is a long thin vegetable with dark green
skin, often eaten in salads.
cut in half /kt n hf/ halbieren If you cut something in half, you cut it into two equal
pieces.
dish (n) /d/ Gericht Which of the banana dishes on the website would you
prefer?
fresh (adj) /fre/ Frisch You can eat bananas raw in fresh fruit salad.
fritters (n pl) /frtz/ Beignets Banana fritters are bananas that are fried in milk, four
and eggs.
fruit salad (n) /frut sld/ Obstsalat Fruit salad is a dish consisting of small pieces of different
fruit.
fry /fra/ frittieren Fry bananas in batter to make banana fritters.
garlic (n) /glk/ Knoblauch Garlic is a vegetable similar to an onion that you use in
cooking to add a strong favour.
grape (n) /grep/ Traube A grape is a small green or purple fruit that can be used
for making wine.
grill (v) /grl/ grillen Grill bananas with brown sugar on top.
ice cream (n) /as krim/ Eiskrem A banana split is a dish consisting of bananas and vanilla
ice cream.
ingredient (n) /ngridint/ Zutaten; Ingredienzen The ingredients of batter are milk, four and eggs.
lemon (n) /lemn/ Zitrone A lemon is a fruit with a hard yellow skin.
lettuce (n) /lets/ (grner) Salat Lettuce is a vegetable with large green leaves used for
making salads.
milk (n) /mlk/ Milch Black coffee is coffee without milk.
mix (v) /mks/ mischen Mix bananas with rice for a Cuban dish.
mushroom (n) /mrum/ Pilz A mushroom is a soft brown or grey vegetable with a
round top.
60
nut (n) /nt/ Nuss A nut is a dry fruit that grows inside a hard shell on some
types of tree and bush.
onion (n) /njn/ Zwiebel An onion is a vegetable with thin dry skin that tastes and
smells very strong.
orange (n) /rn/ Orange; Apfelsine An orange is a round fruit with hard orange skin.
oven (n) /vn/ Backofen You can bake bananas in their skin in the oven.
peach (n) /pi/ Pfrsich A peach is a fruit with soft yellow-pink skin that has a
big stone inside.
peel (v) /pil/ schlen If you peel fruit or vegetables, you take the skin off them.
prawn (n) /prn/ Garnele A prawn is a type of small pink sea animal.
raw (adj) /r/ roh Food that is raw has not been cooked.
recipe (n) /respi/ Rezept A recipe is a set of instructions for cooking a dish or meal.
red pepper (n) /red pep/ roter Paprika A red pepper is a vegetable with small white seeds inside
that you cook or eat raw in salads.
rice (n) /ras/ Reis You can mix bananas with rice to make a Cuban dish.
sardine (n) /sdin/ Sardine A sardine is a common silver fsh that is eaten as food.
sausage (n) /ss/ Wurst Sausages are long tubes of meat mixed with spices.
slice (v) /slas/ Scheibe Slice the bananas in half and add ice cream for a banana
split.
soup (n) /sup/ Suppe Soup is a liquid food often eaten at the beginning of a
meal.
spinach (n) /spn/ Spinat Spinach is a vegetable with dark green leaves that you
can cook or eat raw in salads.
sugar (n) /g/ Zucker Sugar is a very sweet substance that some people add to
tea and coffee.
tea (n) /ti/ Tee Tea is a hot brown drink made by pouring boiling water
onto dried leaves.
tomato (n) /tmt/ Tomate A tomato is a very common round red fruit, often eaten
in salads.
trout (n) /trat/ Forelle A trout is quite a large fsh that lives in rivers and lakes
and is often eaten as food.
vanilla (n) /vnl/ Vanille Vanilla is the most common favour of ice cream and is
light yellow in colour.
61
Unit 11 (p.96)
accidentally (adv) /ksdentli/ versehentlich Morris is a Siamese cat who accidentally deleted some
valuable computer fles.
activity (n) /ktvti/ Ttigkeit Do you think that hunting is a cruel activity?
amused (adj) /mjuzd/ zum Lachen fnden When they discovered the cat had deleted some computer
fles, they were not amused.
arachnophobic (adj) /rknfbk/ jmd der unter Arachnophobic describes someone who is afraid of
Arachnophobie leidet spiders.
attitude (n) /ttjud/ Einstellung Different people have different attitudes to animals.
away (adv) /we/ verreist Robert is often away on business for weeks, or even
months.
bare (adj) /be/ nackt Bare walls are empty; someone who is bare is undressed.
on business /n bzns/ geschftlich Robert isnt at home at the moment hes away on
business.
call (v) /kl/ rufen The mynah bird calls Robbie a few hours before
Robert walks through the door.
change (n) /en/ Wechselgeld Would you keep the money if a shop assistant gave you
too much change?
companion (n) /kmpnjn/ Begleiter; Gefhrte Pets can be very good companions for humans.
contact (v) /kntkt/ kontaktieren Robert hardly ever contacts his parents when hes
coming home.
cool (adj) /kul/ cool Gus thinks Hendrix the spider looks cool!
cruel (adj) /kru()l/ grausam Do you think that hunting is a cruel activity?
delete (v) /dlit/ lschen Morris is a Siamese cat who accidentally deleted some
valuable computer fles.
dislike (v) (TS) /dslak/ nicht mgen Are there any animals that you really dislike?
Spiders Im afraid of them.
essential (adj) /senl/ wesentlich Do you agree that animal testing is essential for progress
in the medical feld?
fctional (adj) /fknl/ fktiv A ctional character in a book is someone who does not
exist in real life.
fle (n) /fal/ Datei The deleted computer les were worth $100,000!
62
fr (n) /f/ Tanne A Christmas tree is a type of r tree.
fuently (adv) /funtli/ fieend Someone who speaks a language uently, speaks it very
well.
frighten sb away /fratn smbdi we/ abschrecken; verscheuchen Guss spider frightens a lot of people away.
get in touch (with) /get n t (w) / sich in Verbindung Robert hardly ever gets in touch with his parents to
setzen mit tell them hes coming home.
get on with /get n w/ weitermachen mit Ralph made Morris a bed in his offce and got on with
his work.
heavy breathing (n) (TS) /hevi bri/ schwere Atmung If you hear heavy breathing, you hear a person or
animal breathing very loudly.
human (n) /hjumn/ Mensch Do you think that animals are as important as humans?
hunting (n) /hnt/ die Jagd A lot of people think hunting is very cruel.
illegal (adj) /ligl/ illegal Some people think animal testing is wrong and should be
illegal.
image (n) /m/ Ebenbild A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.
imaginative (adj) /mntv/ phantasievoll A tale is an imaginative story.
insect (n) /nsekt/ Insekt Insects are small animals with six legs that often have
wings.
keep an eye on /kip n a n/ aufpassen auf Ralph took his sick cat into work to keep an eye on him.
key in (phr v) /ki n/ eingeben; eintippen The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deleted
some computer fles.
keyboard (n) /kibd/ Tastatur Morris got up and walked across the keyboard of the
computer.
lead (n) (TS) /lid/ Leine Angus takes the iguana for walks in the park on a lead!
lift (v) /lft/ heben Ants can lift ffty times their own weight!
look alike /lk lak/ hnlich/gleich aussehen Do you and your pet look alike? Im not that hairy
but I think he looks cool, like me!
look up (phr v) /lk p/ hochschauen Pat and Tina looked up and suddenly realised they were
surrounded by cows.
medical feld (n) /medkl fld/ Medizinbereich Do you agree that animal testing is essential for progress
in the medical eld?
mirror (n) /mr/ Spiegel A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.
63
misunderstood (adj) /msndstd/ missverstanden When people do not understand a person or thing
properly, you say that that person or thing is
misunderstood.
Never mind. /nev mand/ Macht nichts. Sorry, Emma, were going to London this weekend.
Never mind.
ornithologist (n) /nlst/ Ornithologe(in) Someone who studies birds is an ornithologist.
own (v) /n/ besitzen Ralph owned a Siamese cat called Morris.
owner (n) /n/ Besitzer Some people say that pets and their owners often look
alike!
pain (n) /pen/ Schmerz Animal testing is OK if there is no pain or suffering
involved.
progress (n) /prgres/ Fortschritt Is animal testing essential for progress in the medical
feld?
protect (v) /prtekt/ schtzen Do you think that zoos are important for protecting
endangered species?
pull up (phr v) /pl p/ anhalten They decided to pull up in a quiet place to have a picnic.
put up (phr v) (TS) /pt p/ aufstellen When Richard put the tent up, there werent any animals
in the feld.
recognise (v) /rekgnaz/ erkennen A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.
respect (v) /rspekt/ respektieren I think animals should be respected and protected.
rule (v) (TS) /rul/ regieren; herrschen Why would you like to be a lion? Because theyre big
and tough and they rule.
run (v) /rn/ laufen; rennen A cheetah can run at 100 kilometres per hour.
sauce (n) /ss/ Soe A sauce is a liquid food that you put on other food to
give it favour.
scary (adj) /skeri/ unheimlich Im frightened of sharks I think theyre really scary.
scientist (n) /santst/ Wissenschaftler(in) Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed the
theory of evolution.
secret code (n) /sikrt kd/ Geheimcode The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deleted
some computer fles.
shadow (n) (TS) /d/ Schatten I could see a shadow outside the tent. What was it?
A big cow!
suffering (n) /sfr/ Leid Animal testing is OK if there is no pain or suffering
involved.
sunburn (n) /snbn/ Sonnenbrand Did you know that pigs can get sunburn?
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tale (n) /tel/ Erzhlung A tale is an imaginative story.
the theory of evolution / ri v ivlun/ die Evolutionstheorie Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed the
theory of evolution.
the tip of the nose (TS) / tp v nz/ die Nasenspitze Anguss iguana is almost a metre long from the tip of its
nose to the end of its tail.
tough (adj) (TS) /tf/ zh Lions are big and tough, and they rule.
tour (v) /t/ reisen They were touring in the north of England by car when
they decided to stop for a picnic.
turn round (phr v) /tn rand/ sich umdrehen When they put on a pop music CD the cows turned
round and walked off!
turn up (phr v) /tn p/ auftauchen They know when their son is going to turn up because
the bird starts calling Robbie!
type (v) /tap/ (ein)tippen If you type information into a computer, you write it
using the keys on the keyboard.
unconditional love (n) /nkndn()l lv/ bedingungslose Liebe Unconditional love has no limits.
undressed (adj) /ndrest/ nicht angezogen Someone who is undressed has no clothes on.
unnatural (adj) /nn()rl/ unnatrlich I think zoos are depressing and unnatural.
unwell (adj) /nwel/ unwohl Unwell is a word that means ill or sick.
visit (v) /vzt/ besuchen Zoos can be fun to visit for children.
walk off (phr v) /wk f/ weggehen When they put on a pop music CD the cows turned round
and walked off!
wallet (n) /wlt/ Brieftasche A wallet is a small fat container where men keep money.
weight (n) /wet/ Gewicht Ants can lift ffty times their own weight!
without (prep) /wat/ ohne Which animal can last longer without water than a camel?
be worth $100,000 /bi w wn hndrd wert sein The deleted computer fles were worth $100,000!
aznd dlz/
wrong (adj) /r/ ungerecht Some people think that animal testing is wrong and
should be illegal.
ADJECTIVES AND PREPOSITIONS ADJEKTIVE UND PRPOSITIONEN
be afraid of /bi fred v/ Angst haben vor Im afraid of sharks I think theyre scary.
be allergic to /bi lk tu/ allergisch sein gegen Richard doesnt like cats because hes allergic to them.
be fond of /bi fnd v/ lieben Harry is fond of all animals.
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be interested in /bi ntrstd n/ interessiert sein an Richard is interested in wild birds.
be keen on /bi kin n/ gerne mgen Alicia likes most animals but shes particularly keen on
horses.
be terrifed of /bi terfad v/ groe Angst haben vor Are you afraid of frogs Afraid? Im terried of
them.
ANIMALS TIERE
alligator (n) /lget/ Alligator An alligator is an animal with a long tail and sharp,
pointed teeth that lives in water and on land.
animal testing (n) /nml test/ Tierversuche Do you think that animal testing should be illegal?
bat (n) /bt/ Fledermaus A bat is an animal that fies at night.
bear (n) /be/ Br A bear is a large animal such as a panda with thick fur.
bull (n) /bl/ Stier A bull is an adult male cow.
cage (n) /ke/ Kfg Emma keeps the snake in a cage.
calf (n) /kf/ Kalb A calf is a young cow.
camel (n) /kml/ Kamel A camel is a large animal, used for carrying people,
especially in the desert.
cat (n) /kt/ Katze Cats and dogs are popular pets.
cheetah (n) /it/ Gepard Cheetahs can run at 100 kilometres per hour.
chicken (n) /kn/ Kken; junges Huhn A chicken is a young hen.
cow (n) /ka/ Kuh A cow is a popular farm animal used for its milk and
meat.
cricket (n) (TS) /krkt/ Grille Crickets are insects that move by jumping and make a
noise.
crocodile (n) /krkdal/ Krokodil A crocodile has a long body and sharp teeth, and lives in
water.
deer (n) /d/ Reh A deer is a brown animal with long legs that is often very
shy.
dog (n) /dg/ Hund Cats and dogs are popular pets.
dolphin (n) /dlfn/ Delfn Dolphins live in water and are very intelligent animals.
eagle (n) /igl/ Adler An eagle is a large bird that kills other bird for food.
elephant (n) /elfnt/ Elefant Elephants can smell water that is ffteen kilometres
away.
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endangered species (n) /ndend spiiz/ gefhrdete Spezies An endangered species is a type of animal that may
soon no longer exist.
fuffy (adj) /ff/ pfaumig;kuschelig Animals that are uffy are covered with a lot of fur and
are nice and gentle.
foal (n) /fl/ Fohlen A foal is a young horse.
frog (n) /frg/ Frosch Frogs are small animals with smooth green skin that live
in water and on land.
fur (n) /f/ Pelz Fur is the hair that covers some animals.
giraffe (n) /rf/ Giraffe A giraffe is a very tall animal with a very long neck.
hairy (adj) (TS) /heri/ haarig A spider has eight hairy legs.
hamster (n) /hmst/ Hamster Hamsters are popular pets for children.
hen (n) /hen/ Henne; Huhn A hen is a female chicken.
horse (n) /hs/ Pferd Can you ride a horse?
iguana (n) /gwn/ Iguana An iguana is a type of large lizard with points on its back.
kitten (n) /ktn/ Ktzchen A young cat is called a kitten.
lamb (n) /lm/ Lamm A young sheep is called a lamb.
lion (n) /lan/ Lwe Gus likes lions because theyre big and tough.
loveable (adj) (TS) /lvbl/ liebenswert A loveable pet is one that is easy to love.
mouse (pl mice) (n) /mas (pl mas) / Maus (Muse) Mice are small furry animals with long tails that live in
felds or that people sometimes keep as pets.
mynah bird (n) /man bd/ Beo A mynah bird is a bird that can talk.
paw (n) /p/ Pfote; Pranke; Tatze A paw is a dogs or cats foot.
pet (n) /pet/ Haustier Pets are animals that people keep at home as
companions.
pig (n) /pg/ Schwein A pig is a fat animal with pink skin that farmers keep for
meat.
puppy (n) /ppi/ Welpe; junger Hund A puppy is a young dog.
rabbit (n) /rbt/ Kaninchen Rabbits are furry and have long ears and some people
keep them as pets.
rat (n) /rt/ Ratte A rat is an animal like a mouse with a long tail; a lot of
people dont like them because they are dirty.
reptile (n) (TS) /reptal/ Reptil Crocodiles, alligators and iguanas are all reptiles.
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shark (n) /k/ Hai(fsch) A shark is a very large fsh with large teeth that can kill
people.
sheep (n) /ip/ Schaf A sheep is an animal with white fur that is made into
wool.
snake (n) /snek/ Schlange Snakes are long thin animals that move along the
ground and can kill people.
tail (n) /tel/ Schwanz Cats usually have long tails.
tortoise (n) /tts/ Schildkrte Tortoises have shells on their back and move very slowly.
whale (n) /wel/ Wal The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived.
wild bird/amimal (n) /wald bd/nml/ Wildvogel/Wildtier Wild birds or animals live in natural conditions and are
not kept by humans.
zoo (n) /zu/ Zoo A zoo is a place where wild animals are kept in cages so
that people can see them.
INSECTS INSEKTEN
ant (n) /nt/ Ameise An ant is a small insect that lives in large groups and can
carry ffty times its own weight.
bee (n) /bi/ Biene A bee is a yellow and black insect that fies and makes
honey.
butterfy (n) /btfa/ Schmetterling A buttery is an insect with colourful, often beautiful
wings.
cockroach (n) /kkr/ Kchenschabe A cockroach is a large black insect that lives in places
where food is kept.
fy (n) /fa/ Fliege A y is a very common small insect with wings.
mosquito (n) /mskit/ Moskito A mosquito is a small fying insect that bites the skin of
people and animals to feed on their blood.
spider (n) /spad/ Spinne Spiders are insects with eight hairy legs that a lot of
people are frightened of.
wasp (n) /wsp/ Wespe A wasp is a yellow and black insect that can sting you.
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Unit 12 (p.104)
abroad (adv) /brd/ ins Ausland Do you go abroad for your holidays?
adorable (adj) /drbl/ bezaubernd That little girl is absolutely adorable!
ago (adv) /g/ vor How long ago was the Alhambra built? In the 13th
or 14th century.
all over the world /l v wld/ berall in der Welt The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all
over the world.
anniversary (n) /nvs()ri/ Jahrestag The ffth anniversary of their relationship was on 1st July.
architect (n) (TS) /ktekt/ Architekt(in) Who was the architect of the Alhambra. I dont
know.
arrangement (n) /renmnt/ Verabredung The two Lauras have made arrangements to meet up.
attached (adj) /tt/ als Anlage Laura released a balloon with her name and address and
a note attached.
awful (adj) /f/ schrecklich His suit isnt very nice. Its absolutely awful!
balloon (n) /blun/ Luftballon A balloon is a childs toy that foats in the air.
build (v) /bld/ bauen Every winter, work starts on building a new Ice Hotel.
building (n) /bld/ Gebude Curro thinks that the Alhambra is the most incredible
building he has ever seen.
celebrate (v) /selbret/ feiern If you celebrate a birthday or anniversary, you have a
party to show that it is special.
century (n) /senri/ Jahrhundert The Alhambra was built in the 13th or 14th century.
connecting fight (n) /knekt fat/ Anschlussfug They both stopped in Singapore to wait for connecting
ights.
crazy (adj) /krezi/ verrckt Something that is crazy is slightly mad.
delicious (adj) /dls/ lecker The food is tasty. Yes, its absolutely delicious!
design (v) /dzan/ entwerfen The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all
over the world.
disappear (v) /dsp/ verschwinden In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears.
enormous (adj) (TS) /nms/ riesig The Alhambra is very big, in fact its an enormous
building.
entirely (adv) /ntali/ ganz The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely of ice.
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exhausted (adj) /gzstd/ erschpft He looks tired, doesnt he? He looks absolutely
exhausted.
exist (v) /gzst/ existieren A hotel made entirely of ice exists in Sweden.
expect (v) /kspekt/ erwarten How many children will I have? More than you
expect.
fame (n) /fem/ Ruhm Fame is the state or situation of being famous.
golden wedding anniversary (n) /gldn wed goldene Hochzeit A golden-wedding anniversary is the day when a
nvs()ri/ couple celebrates 50 years of marriage.
guest (n) /gest/ Gast Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping bags.
guinea pig (n) /gni pg/ Meerschweinchen Both Lauras have a rabbit and a guinea pig.
helium-flled (adj) /hilimfld/ mit Helium befllt A helium-lled balloon is a balloon flled with a gas that
keeps it in the air.
hilarious (adj) /hleris/ urkomisch Something that is hilarious is extremely funny.
ice cube (n) /as kjub/ Eiswrfel You put ice cubes in drinks to make them cold.
In my opinion (TS) /n ma pnjn/ meiner Meinung nach In my opinion, the Alhambra is one of the seven
wonders of the modern world.
including (prep) /nklud/ einschlielich All the furniture is made of ice, including the beds!
incredible (adj) /nkredbl/ unglaublich Whats the name of the most incredible building Curro
has ever seen?
inside (prep) /nsad/ innerhalb Inside the hotel, the temperature is always around -5C.
interior (n) /ntri/ Innenausstattung The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all
over the world.
journey (n) /ni/ Reise Amy didnt know that Ian had just started his journey
from Sydney to London.
king (n) (TS) /k/ Knig The Alhambra Palace was built for the Moorish kings.
Labrador (n) /lbrd/ Labrador A Labrador is a type of large dog with short hair that is a
popular pet.
location (n) /lken/ Standort The location of a building is the place or position where
it is built.
meet up (phr v) /mit p/ sich treffen If two people decide to meet up, they arrange to see
each other.
melt (away) (v) /melt (we)/ wegschmelzen In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears.
note (n) /nt/ Zettel; Notiz Laura released a balloon with her name and address and
a note attached.
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outside (adv) /atsad/ drauen Outside, the temperature is -30C.
overlook (v) (TS) /vlk/ berblicken; mit Blick auf The Alhambra is built on a hill overlooking the city of
Granada.
palace (n) (TS) /pls/ Palast The Alhambra is a beautiful palace in the south of Spain.
for pleasure /f ple/ aus Vergngen If you do something for pleasure, you do it because you
like and enjoy it.
pretty (adj) /prti/ hbsch That dress is very pretty. Yes, its absolutely
gorgeous.
reindeer skin (n) /rend skn/ Renntierhaut The beds in the Ice Hotel are covered with reindeer
skins.
release (v) /rlis/ loslassen If you release a balloon, you let it go into the air.
reply (n) /rpla/ Antwort The letter was a reply from another Laura Buxton.
ridiculous (adj) /rdkjls/ lcherlich 7,500 for a dress? Thats absolutely ridiculous.
shore (n) // Ufer The hotel is situated on the shores of the Torne River.
be situated /bi suetd/ sich befnden Its situated on the shores of the Torne River.
sleeping bag (n) /slip bg/ Schlafsack Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping bags.
spring (n) /spr/ Frhling In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away.
strange (adj) /stren/ seltsam Their daughter doesnt look anything like them thats
very strange.
stunning (adj) /stn/ atemberaubend Something that is stunning is very beautiful or spectacular.
style (n) /stal/ Stil The style of the Alhambra is Moorish, or Islamic.
sweet (adj) /swit/ s Look at that little girl shes very sweet. Shes
absolutely adorable.
tasty (adj) /testi/ schmackhaft Tasty food has a nice favour.
temperature (n) /tempr/ Temperatur Today will start off cold, with temperatures of -13C.
unique (adj) /junik/ einmalig; einzigartig A place that is unique is the only one of its type.
visitor (n) /vzt/ Besucher(in) The hotel is described by visitors as absolutely
stunning.
Well, (interjection) /wel/ Na ja Can you imagine a hotel made entirely of ice? Well, it
exists in Sweden, but only in winter.
well-known (adj) /welnn/ sehr bekannt Someone or something that is well-known is famous.
wherever (adv) (TS) /werev/ wo auch immer At the Alhambra, you can hear water running wherever
you go.
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winter (n) /wnt/ Winter Every winter, work starts on building a new Ice Hotel.
one of the wonders of (TS) /wn v wndz v/ eines der Weltwunder Curro thinks the Alhambra is one of the seven wonders
of the modern world.
write back (phr v) /rat bk/ zurckschreiben If you write back to someone, you reply to them.
COLLOCATIONS WITH DO, GET, KOLLOKATIONEN MIT DO, GET,
GO, HAVE, MAKE, TAKE GO, HAVE, MAKE, TAKE
do a course /du ks/ an einem Kurs teilnehmen Im doing a part-time English course.
do some homework /du sm haswk/ einige Hausaufgaben In the evening, we usually have to do some homework.
machen
do the housework /du hmwk/ die Hausarbeit machen Do you enjoy doing the housework? No, I hate it.
do research /du rs/ris/ Forschung/Recherche If you do research, you study something in detail.
betreiben
do the shopping /du p/ einkaufen Mum has asked me to do the shopping this week.
get better /get bet/ genesen; sich erholen Ive been ill but Im getting better now.
get changed /get end/ sich umziehen You should get changed before you go out.
get dressed /get drest/ sich anziehen I had a shower, got dressed and had breakfast.
get lost /get lst/ sich verlieren Its easy to get lost when youre in a strange place.
get married /get mrd/ heiraten People often live together nowadays before they get
married.
go for a drink /g fr drk/ einen trinken gehen Lets go for a drink after work.
go for a walk /g fr wk/ spazieren gehen I try to go for a walk every day.
go home /g hm/ nach Hause gehen What time do you go home from school?
go mad /g md/ wahnsinnig werden If they give us any more homework, Ill go mad!
go skiing /g ski/ Ski fahren We go skiing every winter.
have a go /hv g/ versuchen; probieren Everybody should have a go at doing something
dangerous once in their life.
have a good time /hv gd tam/ eine schne Zeit haben The holiday was very enjoyable we had a really good
time.
have a laugh /hv lf/ etwas zum Lachen haben If you cant have a laugh with your partner, youre in the
wrong relationship.
have lunch /hv ln/ zu Mittag essen We usually have lunch at 13.00.
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have a rest /hv rest/ eine Pause machen; Youve worked hard its time to have a rest.
sich ausruhen
make a decision /mek dsn/ eine Entscheidung treffen Its important to make a decision in the next few days.
make a living /mek lv/ seinen Lebensunterhalt It can be hard to make a living as an actor.
verdienen
make mistakes /mek msteks/ Fehler machen Everyone makes mistakes when theyre learning a
language.
make money /mek mni/ Geld verdienen Do you agree that the only reason to get a job is to make
money?
make a promise /mek prms/ etwas versprechen You should never make a promise if you cant keep it.
take a bus /tek bs/ mit dem Bus fahren Do you walk to school? No, I take a bus.
take an exam /tek n gzm/ eine Prfung machen Im taking my English exam in summer.
take a photo /tek ft/ ein Foto machen The press shouldnt take photos of famous people
without their permission.
take responsibility /tek rspnsblti/ die Verantwortung You have to learn to take responsibility for your own life.
bernehmen
take risks /tek rsks/ Risiken eingehen If you dont take risks, you wont succeed in life.
WEATHER DAS WETTER
breeze (n) /briz/ Brise A breeze is a light wind.
breezy (adj) /brizi/ windig It was quite breezy walking by the sea.
Celsius (n) /selsis/ Celsius The temperature is 20 degrees Celsius.
cloud (n) /klad/ Wolke Look at those clouds in the sky I think its going to rain.
cloudy (adj) /kladi/ wolkig; bedeckt The weather tomorrow will be cloudy and dull.
cold (adj) /kld/ kalt Today will start off cold, with temperatures of -13C.
dark (adj) /dk/ dunkel The sky often becomes very dark before a storm.
dry (adj) /dra/ trocken If the weather is dry, it doesnt rain.
dull (adj) /dl/ trb It was a dull, grey depressing day.
fne (adj) /fan/ schn People feel happier when the weather is ne and sunny.
fog (n) /fg/ Nebel We couldnt see anything because of the fog.
foggy (adj) /fgi/ nebelig Driving when its foggy can be dangerous.
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freeze (v) /friz/ frieren If it freezes, water on the ground and on windows turns
to ice.
freezing (adj) /friz/ eiskalt Freezing weather is weather that is very cold.
heat (n) /hit/ Hitze Walking long distances in the heat can be tiring.
hot (adj) /ht/ hei It can be very hot here in the summer.
humid (adj) /hjumd/ feucht Humid weather is hot and wet in a way that makes you
feel uncomfortable.
humidity (n) /hjumdti/ Luftfeuchtigheit British people are not used to high levels of humidity.
ice (n) /as/ Eis The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely of ice.
icy (adj) /asi/ eisig Tomorrow will be cold and icy, with temperatures of -13C.
minus 13/30 degrees /mans tin/ti minus 13/30 Grad Temperatures are expected to be minus 30 degrees.
dgriz/
mist (n) /mst/ Nebel A mist is a very light fog.
misty (adj) /msti/ nebelig Tomorrow will be a typical misty autumn day.
rain (n) /ren/ Regen If the weather is dry, there is no rain.
rain (v) /ren/ regnen Look at those clouds in the sky I think its going to rain.
rainy (adj) /reni/ regnerisch Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.
shower (n) /a/ Schauer A shower is a short period of rain.
showery (adj) /ari/ regnerisch When it is showery there are a lot of short periods of rain.
snow (n) /sn/ Schnee We had a lot of snow last winter.
snow (v) /sn/ schneien Its very cold I think it might snow.
storm (n) /stm/ Sturm When there is a storm, a lot of rain falls very quickly,
often with strong winds.
stormy (adj) /stmi/ strmisch Stormy weather can be dangerous for drivers.
sun (n) /sn/ Sonne Most people like the sun.
sunny (adj) /sni/ sonnig The weather today will be warm and sunny.
warm (adj) /wm/ warm The weather today will be warm and sunny.
wet (adj) /wet/ nass Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.
wind (n) /wnd/ Wind Rain and strong winds make driving conditions diffcult.
windy (adj) /wndi/ windig It was very windy walking by the sea.
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Review D (p.112)
albatross (n) /lbtrs/ Albatross An albatross is a very large white ocean bird with long,
narrow wings.
approximately (adv) /prksmtli/ ungefhr Around 1.5 million wildebeest travel approximately
3,000 km around Tanzania and Kenya.
birthplace (n) /bples/ Geburtsort Female green turtles return to their birthplace every
2 to 3 years to start a family.
come out (phr v) (TS) /km at/ herauskommen Suddenly the rain stopped and the sun came out.
cover (v) /kv/ zudecken Green turtles cover their eggs on the beach before
returning to the water.
die (v) /da/ sterben In spring Monarch butterfies travel back east, where they
lay their eggs and die.
dish (n) /d/ Schssel Put the olive oil and garlic in the bottom of a dish.
fx (v) /fks/ reparieren The car broke down and we had to wait three days for it
to be xed.
give birth /gv b/ ihre Jungen zu bekommen The humpback whales swim to warmer waters in winter
to give birth.
green turtle (n) /grin ttl/ grne Wasserschildkrte Female green turtles return to their birthplace every
2 to 3 years to start a family.
humpback whale (n) /hmpbk wel/ Buckelwal Humpback whales are dark grey or black whales with
large, round backs.
lay eggs /le egz/ Eier legen In spring the butterfies travel back east where they lay
their eggs and die.
long-distance (adj) /ldstns/ Langstrecken- Humpback whales are experienced long-distance
travellers.
olive oil (n) /lv l/ Olivenl Olive oil is a type of oil that is often used in cooking.
set off (phr v) /set f/ losfahren We set off early in the morning and made good progress.
slow down (phr v) /sl dan/ langsamer fahren/ gehen I should slow down. Im always in a hurry.
turn back (phr v) /tn dan/ umkehren The engine problems continued so we decided to turn
back.
wildebeest (n) /wldbist/ Gnu A wildebeest is an African wild animal with curved horns.
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Grammar Extra
Unit 1 Fragen. Zusammenfassung der Zeitformen Fragen
Die normale Reihenfolge bei Fragen:
Yes/No Fragen und Kurzanworten
Bei Yes/No Fragen mit be setzen wir am/are/is/was/were vor das Subjekt.
Is she tired? Yes, she is. Were they late? No, they werent.
Bei Yes/No Fragen im einfachen Prsens (present simple) und in der
einfachen Vergangenheit (past simple) setzen wir do/does/did vor das
Subjekt.
Do you live here? Yes, I do. Did Jim and his two sisters go to university?
No, they didnt.
Bei Yes/No Fragen mit anderen Verben setzen wir das Hilfsverb vor das
Subjekt.
Have you been to Oslo? Yes, I have. Can she drive? No, she cant.
Wh Fragen
Bei Fragen mit What, Where, How many, etc. ist die Reihenfolge die gleiche
wie bei Yes/No Fragen. Ein Fragewort steht am Anfang der Frage.
Why is she tired? Where do you live? How many times have you been to Oslo?
Zusammenfassung der Zeitformen
Zeitform Anwendung Positiv Negativ Frage
Present Facts/habits/ He works. He doesnt Does he
simple routines work. work?
Past simple Completed She worked She didnt Did she
action at a yesterday. work work
specifc past yesterday. yesterday?
time
Present Activities in Theyre working They arent Are they
continuous progress now now. working working
now. now?
Future (be) Future plans Were going to We arent Are we
going to and intentions work tomorrow. going to going to
work work
tomorrow. tomorrow?
Present Completed Its worked It hasnt Has it
perfect action in time recently. worked worked
up to now. recently. recently?
Fragewort (Hilfs) verb Subjekt

Is she happy?
Have they left?
What does niece mean?
Where are you going?
When did he graduate?
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Unit 2 Substantive und Mengenangaben
Zhlbare Substantive
Die meisten Substantive im Englischen sind zhlbar. Sie haben eine Singular-
und eine Pluralform.
Regelmige Formen
Unregelmige Formen
a or an? Bei Substantiven im Singular verwenden wir a vor einem
Konsonanten: a town, a university.
Vor einem Vokal verwenden wir an: an airport, an offce.
Pluralformen Einige Substantive haben immer nur eine Plural- und
keine Singularform. Daher knnen wir weder a/an noch eine Zahl davor
setzen.
I have some pink jeans. (NICHT I have a pink jeans.)
Einige der am hufgsten verwendeten Pluralformen: clothes, glasses, jeans,
knickers, pants, pyjamas, scissors, shorts, sunglasses, tights, trousers.
Unzhlbare Substantive
Einige Substantive im Englischen sind unzhlbar. Sie haben nur eine
Singularform. Auch hier knnen wir weder a/an noch eine Zahl davor
setzen.
We had bad weather. (NOT We had a bad weather.)
Einige der am hufgsten verwendeten unzhlbaren Substantiven: advice,
architecture, food, furniture, homework, information, knowledge, love,
money, music, news, trafc, transport, weather, work.
Mengenangaben
Hiermit knnen wir Mengen beschreiben ohne eine genauere Zahl
anzugeben.
Bei zhlbaren Substantiven: (only) a few / (far) too many / How many ?
Only a few people saw what happened.
How many emails do you get every day?
Bei unzhlbaren Substantiven: (only) a little / (far) too much / How much ?
Theres a little wine left but no beer.
How much homework do you get?
Bei zhlbaren und unzhlbaren Substantiven: a lot of / lots of / not
enough
She has a lot of problems.
He didnt give me enough information.
too + much/many ((+ Substantiv) = zu viel oder mehr als notwendig
I have too much work and not enough time.
Singular Plural Schreibweise
a place two places Add s.
a church three churches Add es after ch, sh, s, x.
a city ten cities Add ies after a consonant + y.
a leaf ten thousand leaves Add ves after vowel + v
Singular Plural
a person two people
a child two children
a man two men
a woman two women
a foot two feet
a tooth two teeth
!
!
77
Unit 3 Vergangenheit (Einfache und Verlaufsformen)
(Past simple und Past continuous)
Teil 1: Einfache Vergangenheit (Past simple)
SCHREIBWEISE: REGELMIGE VERBEN
Nach den meisten Verben ed/d hinzufgen: work worked, demonstrate
demonstrated
Nach Konsonanten+ y das y streichen und ied hinzufgen: study studied,
try tried
Bei Verben, die mit einem Vokal + einem Konsonanten enden, einen
Konsonanten + ed hinzufgen: stop stopped, plan planned
Die zehn am hufgsten verwendeten unregelmigen Verben:
1 say said
2 get got
3 go went
4 know knew
5 think thought
6 see saw
7 make made
8 come came
9 take took
10 give gave
S. vollstndige Liste der unregelmigen Verben auf Seite 159.
Wir verwenden das past simple hauptschlich, um ber vergangene
Ereignisse und bereits stattgefunde Situationen zu sprechen. Es kommt in
Erzhlungen und Geschichten oft vor.
Auer bei be gibt es fr jedes Verb nur eine Form der einfachen
Vergangenheit.
Teil 2: Verlaufsform der Vergangenheit (Past continuous)
Schreibweise: ing Formen
Bei Verben, die mit e enden, das e streichen und ing hinzufgen: have
having; make making
Bei Verben, die mit einem Vokal und einem Konsonanten enden, einen
Konsonanten und ing hinzufgen: run running; stop stopping
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He/She/ I/You/He/She/ Did Yes, No,
It/We/They It/We/They I/you/he/she/it/ I/you/he/ I/you/he/
worked. didnt (did we/they work? she/it/we/ she/it/we/
not) work. they did. they didnt.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/He/She/It I/He/She/It Was I/he/she/it Yes, I/he/she/ No, I/he/she/
was tired. wasnt (was tired? it was. it wasnt.
not) tired.
You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/ Yes, you/we/ No, you/
were tired. werent (were they tired? they were. we/they
not) tired. werent.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/He/She/It I/He/She/It Was I/he/she/it Yes, I/he/she/ No, I/he/she/
was working. wasnt (was tired? it was. it wasnt.
not) working.
You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/ Yes, you/we/ No, you/
were werent (were they tired? they were. we/they
working. not) working. werent.
!
78
Wir verwenden die Verlaufsform der Vergangenheit (past continuous), um
eine lnger andauernde Handlung in der Vergangenheit zu beschreiben, die
am Ablaufen war, als andere Ereignisse stattfanden. Es bildet einen Kontrast
zum past simple.
I saw her when I was driving home. They were playing tennis when it
started raining.
Unit 4 Verbmuster
Einfaches Prsens und Verlaufsform des Prsens (Present
simple and Present continuous)
Teil 1: Verbmuster Verben mit zwei Objekten
Manche hufg verwendete Verben knnen zwei Objekte haben. Die
Reihenfolge im Satz kann variieren - es gibt zwei Mglichkeiten - aber die
Bedeutung bleibt gleich. Am hufgsten ist die Reihenfolge Verb + Person
+ Gegenstand, insbesondere bei Objektpronomen (me, you, him, etc.)
Hufg verwendete Verben nach dem Muster Verb + Gegenstand + to +
personne : give, lend, offer, pass, read, send, show, teach, tell
Hufg verwendete Verben nach dem Muster Verb + Gegenstand + for +
Person : buy, nd, get, make
Bei bestimmten Verben verwenden wir nicht die Reihenfolge Verb +
Person + Gegenstand: z.B. describe, explain, say or suggest.
He explained the situation to me. (NICHT He explained me the situation.)
She said hello to us. (NICHT She said us hello.)
Teil 2: Einfaches Prsens (Present simple) und Verlaufsform des Prsens
(present continuous)
Schreibweise: 3. Person singular
Nach den meisten Verben s hinzufgen: : live lives, play plays, work works
Nach ch, sh, s, x es hinzufgen: watch watches, fnish fnishes
Nach einem Konsonanten + y das y streichen und ies hinzufgen: study studies
Unregelmige Formen: do does, go goes, have has
Wir verwenden das present simple, um ber Dinge zu sprechen, die:
immer wahr sind. He looks like his father. Ice forms at 0 degrees.
regelmig oder immer wieder geschehen. He plays tennis on Friday. She
never gets up before 9.00 a.m.
Verlaufsform (Present continuous)
(Indirektes Objekt) (Direktes Objekt) (Indirektes Objekt) (Direktes Objekt)
Verb + Person + Gegenstand = verb + Gegenstand + to/for +
Person
I bought him a present. = I bought a present for him.
He lent her some money. = He lent some money to her.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
They work. dont (do not) work? they do. we/they
work. dont.
He/She/It He/She/It Does he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/
works. doesnt (does work? it does. it doesnt.
not) work.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
Im (am) Im not (am Am I working? Yes, I am. No, Im not.
working. not) working.
You/We/ You/We/They Are you/we/they Yes, you/we/ No, you/we/
Theyre (are) arent (are not) working? they are. they arent.
working. working.
He/She/Its He/She/It isnt Is he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/
(is) working. (is not) working? it is. it isnt.
working.
!
79
Schreibweise: ing Formen
Bei Verben, die mit e enden, das e streichen und ing hinzufgen: have
having, make making
Bei Verben, die mit einem Vokal und einem Konsonanten enden, einen
Konsonanten und ing hinzufgen: run running, stop stopping
Wir verwenden die Verlaufsform (present continuous), um ber Handlungen
zu sprechen, die:
gerade stattfnden, whrend wir sprechen. What are you doing? Im
writing an email.
im Allgemeinen in dem Zeitraum stattfnden, in dem wir unsere Aussage
machen. Cars are getting cheaper, but house prices are going up.
Unit 5 Komparativ- und Superlativformen der Adjektive.
Verben mit Prpositionen
Phrasal verbs
Teil 1: Komparativ- und Superlativformen der Adjektive
Wir verwenden die Komparativform des Adjektivs, um Personen oder
Gegenstnde mit anderen Personen oder Gegenstnden zu vergleichen.
David Beckham is older than Thierry Henry
Wir verwenden a bit oder much, um Vergleiche zu ergnzen.
Wembley Stadium is a bit bigger than the Stade de France.
Cristiano Ronaldo is much better-looking than Wayne Rooney.
Wir verwenden not as + Adjektiv + as, um negative Vergleiche zu bilden.
Golf is not as dangerous as motor racing.
Wir verwenden die Superlativform von Adjektiven, um Personen oder
Gegenstnde mit allen anderen Personen oder Gegenstnden in ihrer
Gruppe zu vergleichen.
Mohamed Ali was the greatest sportsman of all time.
Football is the most popular sport in the world.
Teil 2: Verben mit Prpositionen (Phrasal verbs)
Der Ausdruck phrasal verb bezieht sich normalerweise auf alle Verb
+ Partikel Zusammensetzungen. Diese knnen in drei Gruppen oder
Basistypen aufgeteilt werden.
1 Verb + Partikel/Prposition (INTRANSITIV)
Einige Zusammensetzungen sind intransitiv und haben kein direktes Objekt.
Sit down and enjoy it.
When are you going to grow up?
2 Verb + Objekt + Partikel/Prposition (TRANSITIV TRENNBAR)
Die Verben in dieser grten Gruppe der phrasal verbs sind transitiv. Wenn
das direkte Objekt ein Substantiv ist, knnen wir es entweder vor oder nach
dem Partikel/der Prposition setzen.
Take off your shoes. OR Take your shoes off.
Kurze Adjektive: er/est
hinzufgen
Adjektive, die mit einem
Konsonanten oder e enden
Adjektive, die mit einem
einzelnen Vokal + einem
einzelnen Konsonanten enden
Adjektive, die mit y enden
Unregelmige Adjektive

Lange Adjektive: more /
the most hinzufgen
Adjektive

new nice

ft


healthy
good bad far


exciting
Komparativ


newer nicer

Fitter

Healthier
better worse
further

more exciting
Superlativ


the newest
the nicest
the fttest

the healthiest
the best the
worst the
furthest
the most
exciting
80
Wenn das direkte Objekt ein Pronomen ist, mssen wir es zwischen Verb
und Partikel/Prposition setzen.
Switch it off, please. (NOT Switch off it.)
3 Verb + Partikel/Prposition + Objekt (TRANSITIV NICHT TRENNBAR)
In Zusammensetzungen aus dieser Gruppe der phrasal verbs, setzen wir das
direkte Objekt (Substantiv oder Pronomen) immer nach dem Partikel/der
Prposition.
She looks after her grandmother.
I ran after the bus, but it didnt stop.
Unit 6 Erlaubnis und Verpichtung (Prsens) (Permission
and obligation (present).
Das Perfekt/die vollendete Gegenwart (Present perfect
simple)
Teil 1: can (Erlaubnis); have to (Verpichtung)
Wir knnen can und cant verwenden, um ber Erlaubnis zu sprechen:
can bedeutet, dass etwas erlaubt wird: es ist OK.
cant bedeutet, dass etwas nicht erlaubt wird: es ist nicht OK.
In the UK, you can leave school when you are 16. You cant vote until you
are 18.
Wir verwenden have to / dont have to, um ber Notwendigkeit oder
Verpfichtung zu sprechen:
have to bedeutet, dass etwas notwendig ist oder zur Pficht gehrt.
dont have to bedeutet, dass etwas nicht notwendig ist oder nicht zur
Pficht gehrt.
In the UK, you have to drive on the left. You dont have to wear a helmet
on a bicycle.
Teil 2: Das einfache Perfekt (Present perfect simple)
S. Liste der Unregelmigen Verben auf Seite 159.
Wir verwenden das present perfect, um ber Handlungen zu sprechen,
die in der Vergangenheit stattgefunden haben bzw. in einem Zeitraum
vollendet worden sind, der bis in die Gegenwart gedauert hat. Der
Zeitpunkt ist uns dabei nicht wichtig.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He etc. Can I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
can work. cant (cannot) work? etc. can. he, etc.
work. cant.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
They have to dont have to have to work? they do. we/they
work. worked. dont.
He/She/It has He/She/It Does he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/
to work. doesnt have have to work? it does. it doesnt.
to work.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
Theyve (have) havent (have they worked? they have. we/they
worked. not) worked. havent.
He/She/Its He/She/It hasnt Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/
(has) worked. (has not) worked? it has. it hasnt.
worked.
81
Der Zeitraum Vergangenheit bis in die Gegenwart (jetzt)
Die Vergangenheit Jetzt
W Ive done a lot of silly things in my life. V
Hufg verwendete Ausdrcke, die den Zeitraum bis jetzt beschreiben:
today, this week, recently, never, over the years. Mit diesen Zeitausdrcken
verwenden wir normalerweise das present perfect.
My brother has never been to a pop concert.
I havent seen any good lms recently.
been been ist das Vergangenheitspartizip von be, aber wir knnen es
auch als das Vergangenheitspartizip von go verwenden.
Vergleichen wir folgende Beispiele:
Hes been to Rome. = He went and came back.
Hes gone to Rome. = He went and is in Rome now.
Vollendete Zeit
Die Vergangenheit Jetzt

I did a lot of silly things when I was at university.

Hufg verwendete Ausdrcke, um einen Zeitpunkt oder einen Zeitraum in
der Vergangenheit zu beschreiben, die damals bereits zu Ende d.h. vollendet
war: yesterday, last month, when I was a student, in 1990, a few minutes
ago. Mit diesen Zeitausdrcken verwenden wir die einfache Vergangenheit
(past simple) .
She called you a few minutes ago. I didnt go to the mountains last
summer.
Unit 7 Dynamisch oder statisch: unterschiedliche
Bedeutungen von Verben
Formen der Zukunft (Futurformen) (Dynamic and stative
meanings. Future forms)
Teil 1: Dynamische und statische Bedeutung
Dynamische Bedeutungen: Handlungen
Die meisten Verben haben eine dynamische Bedeutung. Sie beschreiben
Handlungen: etwas geschieht. Wir knnen sie in ihrer einfachen Form
verwenden, um ber Gewohnheiten oder Routinen zu sprechen, oder in
ihrer Verlaufsform, um ber Ereignisse oder Handlungen zu sprechen, die
gerade stattfnden.
I recycle all paper, plastic and bottles. Were destroying the planet. The
phone is ringing.
Statische Bedeutungen: Zustnde
Einige Verben, die Wissen, Emotionen oder Besitz beschreiben, haben eine
statische Bedeutung. Sie beschreiben Zustnde: Es geschieht nichts. Sie
haben deshalb keine Verlaufsform.
I want a fairer system. I dont feel strongly about politics.
Hug verwendete Verben mit einer statischen Bedeutung:
Gefhle: hate, like, love, prefer, want.
Gedanken: believe, feel, know, think, understand.
Besitz: belong, have, own.
Sinnen: feel, hear, see, smell, sound, taste.
Aussehen: appear, look (like), seem.
Einige Verben knnen sowohl eine dynamische als auch eine statische
Bedeutung haben.:
Rosie is having a great time at university. (have = dynamische Bedeutung)
Brian has a beautiful house. (have = statische Bedeutung)
X
!
!
82
Teil 2: Formen der Zukunft (Future forms): (be) going to und Present
continuous
Wir knnen (be) going to verwenden, um ber unsere Absichten fr die
Zukunft zu sprechen. Wir haben bereits eine Entscheidung getroffen und
darber sprechen wir
Entscheiden. Handeln
Vergangenheit Gegenwart Zukunft
One of these days Im going to get t. Hes going to tell me all about his
holidays.
Wir knnen die Verlaufsform des Prsens (present continuous), um ber
Vereinbarungen fr die Zukunft zu sprechen. Wir haben eine Vereinbarung
getroffen und wir sprechen jetzt darber.
Entscheiden Vereinbaren Handeln
Vergangenheit Gegenwart Zukunft
Are you doing anything on Thursday? Were meeting the President this
afternoon at 2.00 p.m.
Zur Bildung des present continuous siehe Seite 132.
Unit 8 Erlaubnis und Verpichtung (Gegenwart und
Vergangenheit) Permission and obligation (Present and
past)
Rat geben
Teil 1: can/could (Erlaubnis); have to / had to (Verpichtung)
Y Y
Y Y Y
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Did I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
had to work. didnt have to etc. have to etc. did. he, etc.
work. work? didnt.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Could I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
could work. couldnt (could etc. work? etc. could. he, etc.
not) work. couldnt.
Erlaubnis: can/could; cant/couldnt Verpichtung: have to / had
to; had to / didnt have to
Erlaubt Nicht erlaubt Notwendig Nicht
notwendig
Present You can do it. You cant do it. You have to You dont
do it. have to do
it.
Past You could do it. You couldnt do it. You had to You didnt
do it. have to do
it.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
Im (am) Im not (am Am I going to Yes, I am. No, Im
going to not) going to work? not.
work. work.
You/We/ You/We/ Are you/we/they Yes, you/we/ No, you/
Theyre (are) Theyre not going to work? they are. we/they
going to (are not) going arent.
work. to work.
He/She/Its He/She/It isnt Is he/she/it going Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/
(is) going to (is not) going to work? it is. it isnt.
work. to work.
83
Wir knnen can/could verwenden, um ber Erlaubnis zu sprechen. could ist
die Vergangenheitsform von can.
When I was fourteen I could stay out as long as I wanted. Swiss women
couldnt vote in elections until 1971.
Wir knnen have to / had to verwenden, um ber Notwendigkeiten oder
Verpfichtungen zu sprechen. had to ist die Vergangenheitsform von have
to.
I had to wear a uniform at school. In the 1960s you didnt have to wear a
helmet on a motorbike.
Part 2: must und should (Rat geben)
Wir knnen must und should verwenden, um jemandem einen Rat zu
geben. Must ist starker als should.
You must lose weight (oder Sie werden sterben)! You should lose weight
(weil Sie sich dann besser fhlen).
Unit 9 for und since. Das Perfekt: einfache Form und
Verlaufsform (Present perfect simple and continuous)
for und since
for + Zeitraum und since + Zeitpunkt bilden zwei Mglichkeiten, den
gleichen Gedanken auszudrcken.
for + Zeitraum und since + Zeitpunkt bilden zwei Mglichkeiten,
den gleichen Gedanken auszudrcken. Wir verwenden for, wenn wir
die Zeitdauer angeben: for a few days / for three years / for ages. Wir
verwenden since, wenn wir den Zeitpunkt (den Anfangspunkt) angeben:
since Monday / since I left school / since 1997.
Das Perfekt: einfache und Verlaufsform
S. auch die Liste Unregelmige Verben auf Seite 159.
Die Verlaufsform (present perfect continuous) verwenden wir
normalerweise, um die Dauer einer fortlaufenden oder wiederholten
Handlung zu beschreiben, die in der Vergangehiet angefangen hat und bis
in die Gegenwart noch andauert.
Weve been studying Greek for ten years.
Shes been going to the same hairdresser since the 1990s.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Must I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
must work. mustnt (must work? etc. must. he, etc.
not) work. mustnt.
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Should I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
should work. shouldnt etc. work? etc. should. he, etc.
(should not) shouldnt.
work.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
Theyve (have) havent (have they worked? they have. we/they
been working. not) been havent.
working.
He/She/Its He/She/It hasnt Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/
(has) been (has not) been been working? it has. it hasnt.
working. working.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
Theyve (have) havent (have they worked? they have. we/they
worked. not) worked. havent.
He/She/Its He/She/It hasnt Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/
(has) worked. (has not) worked? it has. it hasnt.
worked.
84
Statische Bedeutungen: Bei Verben, die eine statische Bedeutung
haben, knnen wir das present perfect continuous nicht verwenden. Wir
verwenden die einfache Form stattdessen.
Shes known Tom since they were at school. (NOT Shes been knowing )
Theyve had the same computer since 2003. (NOT Theyve been having )
S. Liste der am hufgsten verwendeten Verben mit statischer Bedeutung
auf Seite 138.
brigens: Wir knnen die einfache Form verwenden, um unvernderbare,
permanente Situationen zu beschreiben.
Vergleiche: Ive been living here since the summer. Ive lived here all my
life.
Unit 10 Zukunft mit will (Future).
Temporalstze mit Futur (Future time clauses). used to
Teil 1: Zukunft mit will (future). Temporalstze mit Futur (Future time
clauses)
will ist ein modales Hilfsverb. Wir knnen will verwenden, um ber die
Zukunft zu sprechen, wenn es im Augenblick keinen Plan, keine Absicht
oder Vereinbarung gibt.
Zum Vergleich: What are you doing / going to do this weekend? (= Ich
glaube, Sie haben Plne, Absichten oder etwas vereinbart.)
What will you do this weekend? (= Ich glaube nicht, dass Sie es im Moment
wissen.)
Temporalstze mit Futur (Formen der Zukunft)
Wenn wir ber zuknftige Dinge sprechen, verwenden wir eine
Zukunftsform des Verbs im Hauptsatz, aber eine Form des Prsens im
Nebensatz nach when, if, as soon as, before, after, etc. Zwei verschiedene
Satzbaumuster sind dabei mglich.
OR
Part 2: used to
Wir knnen used to + Infnitiv verwenden, um ber vergangene Gewohnheiten
(wiederholte Handlungen in der Vergangenheit) oder vergangene Zustnde
zu sprechen. Damit beschreiben wir Dinge, die in der Vergangenheit
stattgefunden haben, aber jetzt wahrscheinlich nicht mehr stattfnden.
I used to go to school by bus.
I didnt use to enjoy English lessons.
What sort of car did you use to have?
Es ist nicht mglich, used to + Infnitiv zu verwenden, um eine einzelne
Handlung in der Vergangenheit zu beschreiben.
(NICHT One weekend we used to go to Paris.)
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Will I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
ll (will) work. wont (will not) work? etc. will. he, etc.
work. wont.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Did I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
used to work. didnt use to use to work? etc. did. he, etc.
work. didnt.
Konjunktion Nebensatz Hauptsatz
When he gets home hes going to have a bath.
If it rains tomorrow well play at the weekend.
Hauptsatz Konjunktion Nebensatz
Hes going to have a bath when he gets home.
Well play at the weekend if it rains tomorrow.
!
!
85
Unit 11 Bestimmende Relativstze (Dening relative
clauses). Konditionalstze II (Unreal conditionals)
Teil 1: Bestimmende Relativstze
Ein Relativsatz defniert oder identifziert den Gegenstand oder die Person,
der oder die im Hauptsatz erwhnt wurde. Er folgt unmittelbar nach der
Person oder dem Gegenstand, die oder den er beschreibt. .
A cheetah is an animal that can run at 100 kilometres an hour. The woman
who does my hair is called Muriel.
Das Relativpronomen (that, which, who) wird zum Subjekt des Verbs im
Relativsatz. Wir verwenden that (oder which) fr Gegenstnde und who
(oder that) fr Personen.
Subjekt Verb
People who come from Manchester are called Mancunians.
Subjekt Verb
A butchers is a shop that sells meat.
Teil 2: Konditionalstze II (Unreal conditionals)
Wir knnen einen Konditionalsatz (Bedingungssatz) verwenden, um ber
eine gegenwrtige (oder zuknftige) Situation zu sprechen, die nicht
wirklich oder unwahrscheinlich ist. Diese Stze nennen wir normalerweise
unwirkliche Konditionalstze. Sie enthalten einen Hauptsatz und einen
Nebensatz den if-clause.
if -clause (Nebensatz)
Um zu zeigen, dass eine gegenwrtige (oder zuknftige) Situation imaginr
ist, verwenden wir eine Vergangenheitsform des Verbs.
*Anmerkung: If I/he/she/it were ist formeller als If I/he/she/it was. Wir
verwenden immer were in der festen Redewendung If I were you
Hauptsatz
Normalerweise verwenden wir would + Infnitiv im Hauptsatz.
Unit 12 Plusquamperfekt/Vorvergangenheit (Past perfect).
Formen des Passivs (Passives)
Teil 1: Vorvergangenheit (Past perfect)
S. auch die Liste Unregelmige Verben auf Seite 159.
Wir verwenden die Vorvergangenheitssform des Verbs (past perfect),
wenn wir ber die Vergangenheit sprechen und auf eine noch frhere Zeit
hinweisen mchten. Das past perfect zeigt uns deutlich, dass eine Handlung
in der Vergangenheit frher als andere stattgefunden hat.
Wirkliche Situation Imaginre Situation
I am not an animal. If I was/were an animal, *
I live in an apartment If I lived in an igloo,
if-Nebensatz Hauptsatz
If I had $1million, Id travel round the world.
If I could live anywhere Id choose somewhere hot.
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Would I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
d (would) wouldnt etc. work? etc. would. he, etc.
work. (would not) wouldnt.
work.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Had I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
d (had) hadnt (had worked? etc. had. he, etc.
worked. not) worked. hadnt.
86
Y Y
Id had breakfast when I got to work this morning.
Earlier past Past Now
Teil 2: Formen des Passivs (Passives)
In passiven Stzen wird das Objekt des aktiven Verbs zum Subjekt des
passiven Verbs.
Aktiv Passiv
Subjekt Verb Objekt Subjekt Verb
Somebody built the frst Ice Hotel The frst Ice Hotel was built in 1990.
in 1990.
Wir knnen passive Verbformen verwenden, um Handlungen zu
beschreiben, bei denen es unwichtig ist, wer sie ausgefhrt hat oder wenn
man den Tter nicht kennt.
My shoes were designed in Italy. All the furniture is made of ice.
Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes No
Theyre made They arent Are they made in Yes, they are. No, they
in China. made in China. China? arent.
It was built It wasnt built Was it built in Yes, it was. No, it
in 1963. in 1963. 1963? wasnt.