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Introduction:
LPR ( License Plate Recognition ) is an image -processing technology
used to identify vehicles license plates . This technology is used in
various security and traffic applications. For example, parking control
and access control , while the vehicle approaches the gate , the LPR
unit automatically " reads " the license plate registration number ,
compares to a predefined list and opens the gate if there is a match.
For stolen cars , a list of stolen cars or unpaid fines is used to alert on
a passing 'hot' cars . The 'black list' can be updated in real t ime and
provide immediate alarm to the police force.
Neuro-Fuzzy Logic:
In the field of artificial intelligence, neuro-fuzzy refers to combinations
of artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic. Neuro-fuzzy hybridization
The needed step before finding the blobs is binarization of the image.
As the number plate finder needed the 255 colour bit for finding the
correct standard deviation it used the original image but the blob
analysis needs to analyze the photograph in only two colours , for
finding connected areas.
The method used for threshold also needs to look into the
total feature of the photograph as a little gray spots in a black image
has to be considered a high but same grey spot in a contrasting white
image needs to be low. Hence the cut-off also has to look into global
average at a same time the local average also has to be taken in to
consideration . For example like in a black photograph a grey point
surrounded by darker grey points needs higher value. This way the
threshold value cannot be same for the whole image and depends on
the point and its surrounding . For example -
to every blob and use it for matching it with already stored character
matrix .Character Recognition is done using neural network(Explained
Further).
Fuzzy Logic:
equally well design a set membership function where the glass would be
considered full for all values down to 50 ml. It is essential to realize that
fuzzy logic uses truth degrees as a mathematical model of the vagueness
phenomenon while probability is a mathematical model of randomness.
Else z5 is black
The table shows the gray levels values for an 8-bit image
associated with an array of 25 pixels. Use the enhancement function on
this image to recognize the pattern in the image.
Neural Network:
A ANN structure
Character Matrixes
A character matrix is an array of black and white pixels; the vector
of 1 represented by black, and 0 by white. They are created manually by
the user, in whatever size or font imaginable; in addition, multiple fonts
of the same alphabet may even be used under separate training sessions.
Creating a Character Matrix
First, in order to endow a computer with the ability to recognize
characters , we must first create those characters. The first thing to think
about when creating a matrix is the size that will be used.
Backpropagation: