Building A Patio

Costa Mesa
1275 S. Bristol St.
(714) 556-1500
Buena Park
6586 Beach Blvd.
(714) 522-2864
Capistrano Beach
34162 Doheny Park Rd.
(949) 496-5765
Anaheim
1220 E. Ball Rd.
(714) 722-5444
Lake Forest
23132 Orange Ave.
(949) 830-3600
Los Alamitos
10742 Los Alamitos Blvd.
(714) 527-2285 / (562) 346-2100
Pasadena
3003 E Colorado Blvd.
(626) 993-2100
Corona
150 W. Blaine St.
(951) 278-4000
Laguna Beach
1765 Laguna Canyon Rd.
(949) 494-6538
Designing Your Patio
*Span charts are samplings that have been pulled from various city websites. Please verify with your building department.
Proposed
PATIO COVER
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EXISTING HOUSE
TYPICAL PLOT PLAN
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(A)
A. Show north arrow and scale
B. Show accurate footprint of all existing and proposed structures
C. Show driveway
D. Show all property lines (P.L.) , label each and properly dimension
E. Show dimensions of proposed structures
F. Show setbacks from property lines to proposed structure
Owner:_________________________________
Address:________________________________
City:____________________State:___________
Zip Code:___________________
Notes:
1. Have correct legal description and address of property
2. Note adjoining streets or alleys and width of curb cuts
3. Note location of each auto parking spaces
4. North arrow should be correctly placed
5. Draw completely dimensioned plan
(F)
Allow space for
lattice & rafters
As a part of your patio planning, check with your local building department for building requirements in your
jurisdiction. This brochure is only a guideline and is intended for open lattice style patios. Before you start
construction youll need to get a building permit.
Allow for rafter and lattice thickness when determining
how high on your house you can mount the patio. (Fig. 2)
The minimum height allowed in most areas is 7ft. and a height
of at least 8ft. is ideal.
Select the style of patio cover you are going to build
and make up your materials list. The rafter and header
span charts will be very helpful in determining your
lumber needs. For the posts, 4x4 lumber is typically
used, but your local building department or architectural
style may require larger size posts. After youve completed
the design of your patio cover, check with the local
building department to be sure the framing material,
(including hardware), design and foundation meet their
code requirements. Using hot-dipped galvanized
fasteners/connectors or stainless steel fasteners/connectors
may help extend the life of your patio by reducing corrosion.

(Fig. 1)
Determine where your patio will go and what size it will be.
At this stage, draw a plot plan to aid in getting a permit. (Fig. 1)
Give the dimensions and location of your patio and house on
the plot plan along with lot size.
Consider using rough or resawn douglas fr, as it will ofer
a nicer appearance as your patio ages.
(Fig. 2)
(Refer to footnotes)
HEADER SPAN #2 DOUGLAS FIR RAFTER SPAN #2 DOUGLAS FIR
FOR OPEN LATTICE PATIO
FOR OPEN LATTICE PATIO
1 Each Header
4x6
4x8
4x10
4x12
4x14
6x8
6x10
2 Each (Double Rafer)
2x6
2x8
2x10
2x12
2x14
4x8
4x10
Maximum Span
8 Foot
11 Foot
14 Foot
17 Foot
20 Foot
14 Foot
18 Foot
Rafer Spacing
Rafer Size
2x4
2x6
2x8
2x10
2x12
4x6
4x8
4x10
16 o.c.
9-3
13-6
19-1
20-10
24-2
14-9
19-5
20-0
32 o.c. 24 o.c.
7-6
11-0
13-11
17-0
19-9
12-11
17-0
20-0
6-6
9-6
12-1
14-9
17-1
11-6
15-3
18-11
1
3
2
4
1 3
5
2
8
12
12
1
6
4
Only if total load
is less than 750 pounds
POST TO FOOTING POST TO EARTH POST TO EXISTING SLAB
1. Post - 4x4 min.
2. Footing
3. Post Base
4. Patio Slab - 3 1/2min.
5. Pre-cast pier
6. Adjustable post base
7. Treated lumber or CPS
8
6
min
Fig. 4
Fig. 6
Fig. 5
7
Determine the location of your patio cover posts
based on your plan.
If there is an existing concrete slab thats in good
condition (meets your local code requirements)
you have 2 options for fastening your posts to the
slab. Keep in mind that many slabs are only 4 thick
so auxiliary deeper concrete footings for the post
bases may have to be added to meet local building
codes.
Option 1
Mechanical anchor expansion bolt the bolt should
be minimum diameter of 5/8. Per the bolt
manufacturers directions, drill the hole in the slab
for the anchor bolt, insert expansion bolt. Next attach
Simpson Strong-Tie ABUZ post base, fasten base to bolt
with nut. (Fig. 4)
Option 2
Epoxy Tie adhesive Per manufacturers instructions
drill bolt hole in concrete slab, clean out hole of
excess dust, dispense Epoxy-Tie adhesive and then
immediately insert 5/8 Simpson Strong-Tie RFB bolt
or an equivalent piece of threaded rod. Allow epoxy
to properly cure (approximately 24 hours) then fasten
base to bolt with nut. (Fig. 4)
The frst thing youll do
is stain or paint all
of the lumber for your
patio. It is much easier
to fnish the wood while
it is on the ground and
just touch it up when
completed. For an open
lattice patio cover, you
should plan to use about
one gallon of stain or
paint for every 50 square
feet of patio. (Fig. 3)
If you are pouring a new concrete slab or new concrete
footing you may insert Simpson Strong-Tie CBSQ HDG
post base into the wet concrete. Remember to take into
account the length of the post base stirrups (this varies by
product) when planning for the concrete pour. If you are
pouring a footing for the post bases it should measure
12 square x 14 deep. (Fig. 5 & 6) (Footing size should
be verifed by your building department.)
Once the concrete or epoxy has properly cured, install the
posts into the steel post base. Use a level to assure the posts
are perfectly vertical, then temporarily brace the posts to
the ground with scrap lumber. Fasten posts into post base
with proper fasteners or through bolts. (Fig. 7)
a)
b)
c)
Fig. 3
Fig. 7
d)
Secure
with
proper
fasteners
If you are installing a free
standing patio, you will need
to contact your local building
department in regards to local
building requirements and
regulations.
Building Your Patio
Building Your Patio (Continued)
g)
h)
k)
Mark the locations of the studs on the ledger board.
Drill 3/8 holes, approximately 1-1/2 from the edge
of the ledger board, alternating the holes from top to
bottom. (Fig. 9) *If you have gotten approval to substitute
a ledgerboard fastener. DO NOT drill 3/8 holes*
Using the ledger board as
a guide, mark the location
of the holes on the wall.
*Drill 1/4 pilot holes in wall
to match holes in ledger
board. Install the ledger
board on the wall using
3/8 x5 lags and washers,
making sure to keep the
ledger board level. (Fig. 10)
* if ledger is not protected by an overhang use fashing.
i)
If the eaves of your house are too low, you may cut
through the fascia and connect the rafter to a ledger
board on the house. (Fig. 11) It is essential that the ledger
board attachment to the structure is sealed so moisture or
pests do not penetrate through the bolt holes. This
installation can be sealed with metal fashing, caulk or
a combination of both. Consult with a qualifed
contractor or roofng specialist to determine the best
method for your installation. After the patio cover is
completed, this ledger board attachment should be
inspected on a periodic basis to determine its integrity
and any necessary repairs should be made.
j)
Determine the location of the
rafters from your patio plan.
Mark the ledger board at the
center point of where each
joist hanger will be placed.
Fasten Simpson Strong-Tie
LUS/LUCZ joist hangers to ledger
with specifed fasteners.
Note-joist hanger placement
will depend on if you are using
a single or double rafter design.
(Fig.12)
You are now ready to install the headers and rafters. You
should be aware that there are two styles of header beams
and rafters. The one-piece header beam is used with single
rafters installed over the header (Fig. 13). The two-piece
header beam is used with double rafters, (Fig. 14) which are
installed under the header.
Using your patio design, locate the position of the ledger
board and draw a level line on the wall where the bottom
of the ledger board will go. (Fig. 8)
Locate the studs in the wall along this line (Easy way: locate
one stud along the edge of a door or window and measure
16 from it; drill a small hole approximately 2 above the
line. If you dont hit a stud, drill another hole approximately
1in either direction. Continue this method until you have
located the studs along the length of the ledger board.
(Fill your holes with an appropriate exterior patch even
though your ledger board will cover them)
e)
f )
Fig. 8
SNAP A LEVEL LINE
If your patio design uses the
one-piece header beam its
important that the posts are
cut to the correct length. To
do this, set a rafter in a joist
hanger and hold it in a level
position against a post and
mark the post. Measure the
depth of the header from this
line and mark and cut the posts
at this height. (Fig. 15)
DRILL 3/8 HOLES
Fig.9
Fig. 10
STUCCO
RAFTER
HEADER
Fig. 13
POST
DUMMY
POST
RAFTER
POST
MARK AT LEVEL
ADD HEADER
THICKNESS & CUT
CUT HERE
LEDGER
ROOF FASCIA
Fig. 11
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 12
HEADER X2
(into framing)
STUD
FASCIA RAFTER
FLASHING
l)
m)
o)
n)
p)
Now place the rafter into the joist hangers mounted
on the ledger attached to the house, assuring they
are straight (Fig. 18) as they cross over the header.
(Fig. 22) To help keep the rafter aligned Simpson
Strong-Tie ofers several products. The H1Z and the
H2.5Z are just a couple of Simpson products
available.
If your patio design
uses the double header
and suspended rafters,
set a rafter in a joist hanger
(in a level position) and
mark the post at the top of
the rafter, or higher if
you prefer. Mark all the posts
at this level. (Fig. 19)
Install the headers
on both sides of the
posts with 16D
galvanized nails. After
the header is in
position, secure it with
1/2" machine bolts,
nuts and washers. (Fig. 20)*
Install the rafters by
nailing into joist
hangers with joist
hanger nails. Then nail
to the posts with 16D
galvanized nails.
Secure the rafters in
place with two
machine bolts, nuts
and washers. (Fig. 20)*
For rafters that go in
between the posts you
will need to install
dummy posts to which
you can attach the rafters.
(Fig. 21)
6
7
1
4
3
2
5
1. Patio rafter
2. Ledger-same height as
rafter
3. Joist hanger
4. 3/8 x 5 lag screw -
16 on center
5. Exterior Stucco
6. House Studs
7. 2x lattice (to be added
later)
PATIO RAFTERS TO BUILDING
Fig. 18
You are now ready to
install the lattice. Nail
the lattice to the rafters
using 16D hot dip
galvanized nails. [You
may want to substitute
exterior grade wood
screws as they will be
easier to install]. Space
the lattice approximately
3 per foot. (Fig. 22)
Note: if more light is desired,
increase the lattice spacing;
for less light decrease lattice
spacing or stand lattice on
edge. (Check local building codes for spacing).
The last step in your patio is to touch up the wood
and hardware with stain or paint and enjoy your patio!
The posts can be attached to
the header with post caps or
T-straps. Temporarily attach the
post caps or T-straps to the
post using joist hanger nails.
Then secure the post caps or
T-straps (both sides) to the post
and beam with 1/2" machine
bolts and nuts. (Fig. 16)
Note: For a large patio with long
beams, it is easier to lift shorter
lengths into place than it is to
lift long ones. You will probably
want to join two shorter beams
rather than one long one over
the post. (Fig. 17)
1/2 Bolts (2 ea.)
HEADER
POST
Fig. 20
DUMMY
POST
MARK HERE
Fig. 19
Fig. 21
Beam 1
Beam 2
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 22
RAFTERS
*Fasteners shall meet
minimum edge distance
requirements of the code.
Building Your Patio (Continued)
Add A Custom Look To Any Patio
* See a Ganahl associate for these options and more
Knee Braces Post treatments
Header
P
o
s
t
HEADER AND RAFTER DESIGN
11 12 14
15 16 17 18
19 20 21
1 2 3 5
6 7 8 9
10
4x4
POST
4x4
POST
2x2s ON CENTER
2x6s ON CENTER
4x4
POST
2x8s ON CENTER
POST OPTION
E
A
C
You can fnd more
patterns on our website
www.ganahllumber.com
Ganahl Designer Options
Glossary of Materials
LAG SCREW
WEDGE ANCHOR
RAFTERS
LEDGER
LATTICE
POSTS
HEADER
SUGGESTED TOOLS
*HAMMER
*HANDSAW/ CIRCULAR SAW
*TAPE MEASURE
*CHALKLINE OR PENCIL
*STEPLADDER
*CARPENTERS LEVEL
*WRENCHES
*SET XP EPOXY (OPTIONAL)
*DRILL
*1/2 MASONRY BIT (IF REQUIRED)
*APPROPRIATE SIZE DRILL BITS
JOIST HANGERS
MACHINE BOLT
THE TRELLIS
THE ARBOR
Using Hot Dip Galvanized or Stainless Steel
connectors and fasteners will increase the life
of your hardware.(Do not mix metals!)
H.D. GALV JOIST HANGER NAIL
16D H.D. GALV BOX NAIL
PC Post Cap
OT Strap
T Strap
BC Post Cap
LUS
Joist Hanger
LUC
Joist Hanger
CBSQ
Column Base
CBS
Column Base
ABU Post Base
CPS Stand Of
H2.5Z Tie
H1Z Tie
PHILLIPS SQ-DRIV EXTERIOR SCREW
ganahl l umber.com
For years, Ganahl Lumber has had a reputation
among professional builders as the place to go for
an Extensive variety of wood and a professional,
knowledgeable, creative sales force. And now, you
can take advantage of our expertise.
use our Building a patio brochure with simple,
easy-to-follow instructions. we carry the highest
quality construction grade rough Douglas Fir, and
all the hardware youll need to build a beautiful
patio. You can also take advantage of many unique
designer options and customize your patio design to
your own individual taste. Choose from our wide
selection of paint and stains to finish a patio youll
enjoy for years to come.
we will hand select your materials and assemble
them for convenient delivery.
Ganahl Lumber is a company that still believes in
the personal touch that makes hitting the nail on the
head a whole lot easier for you!
Using Simpson Strong-Tie connectors along with
advice from the experts at Ganahl Lumber will make
building a patio cover easier and make the results
stronger and safer.
More Than Just Great Lumber