BIG DATA SCIENCE

The word or term Big Data was first introduced by Haseeb Budhani, who is currently founder and
chief executive of BubblewrApp and in 2008 while at Infineta Systems. "Big Data" caught on
rapidly as a complete term for any collection of data sets so complex that it is very difficult to
practice by on-hand traditional data processing applications or database management tools.
There are different challenges that a Big Data face like:
Cu ration ( organizing and maintaining a collection of artworks or artifacts)
Storage.
Search sharing.
Transfer.
Analysis and visualization.
The trend of a big data/large data set science is because of the additional information that is
derived from the single large set of data of associated data as compared to distinct smaller set
of data with same amount of data to determine business trends, determine quality of research,
to thwart diseases, battle crime, and also to determine real-time roadway traffic conditions.
Limits on the size of data sets that are feasible to process in a reasonable amount of time were
on the order of Exabytes of data, that is, millions of terabytes. Scientists frequently encounter
limitations due to large data sets in many areas that include weathercasting, genomics, complex
physics simulations and biological and environmental research. The limitations also
affect Internet search, finance and informatics. Big Data sets develop in size in part as they are
gradually being assembled by ubiquitous information-sensing mobile devices, remote, cameras,
microphones, RFID readers and wireless sensor networks.
By using relational DB management system it is difficult to work with big data and also on
desktop statistics and visualization package but it can work on a massive software that runs on
a thousands of servers. Big data depend on the capabilities of application used to process data
in its domain.

Government
In 2012 the American administration took the big data science initiative to address important
problems that were faced by the government and the initiative consist of 84 big data programs
that were spread across six departments. It plays an important role in 2012 election campaign.
US government has six out of ten most powerful supercomputers in the world.
The Utah Data Center of US will be able to big amount of information that is collected by NSA n
internet.


Big Data Software:
Plat fora
FICO
Data Meer
Hadoop
Spark
HP Vertica
MongoDB
Splunk
Tableau


Benefits of Big Data:

Individual
The individuals whose information is used got a direct benefit from big data science analysis. For
example, the high degree of customization followed by Netflix and Amazon who recommend films
and products to consumers based on the study of their earlier interactions. Data analysis provides
the benefit to consumers and has been justified without solicitation of unambiguous contract. It can
also be used to detect malware on consumers computer and also more recent decisions by internet
service providers including AT&T, COMCAST and VERIZON to consumers to report malware
infections. Also Googles autocomplete and translate are based on complete data collection and real
time analysis.

Community
The collection and use of an individuals data benefits not only individual, but also community, such
as users of a similar product of residents of a geographical area. Think about Internet browser crash
reports, which few users opt into not so much because of real privacy concerns but rater due to a
belief that others will do the job for them. Those users who do agree to send crash reports benefit
not only themselves, but also other users of the same product. Similarly, individuals who report drug
side effects confer a benefit to other existing and prospective users.



Organizations
Big data analysis often benefits those organizations that collect and harness the data. Data-driven
profits may be viewed as enhancing allocative efficiency by facilitating the free economy. The
emergence, expansion, and widespread use of innovative products and services at decreasing
marginal costs have revolutionized global economies and societal structures, facilitating access to
technology and knowledge, and fomenting social change.
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With more data, businesses can optimize
distribution methods, efficiently allocate credit, and robustly combat fraud, benefitting consumers as
a whole. But in the absence of individual value or broader societal gain, others may consider
enhanced business profits to be a mere value transfer from individuals whose data is being
exploited. In economic terms, such profits create distributional gains to some actors as opposed to
driving allocative efficiency.

Society
Some data uses benefit society at large, for example, data mining for purposes of national security.
When weighting the benefits of national security driven policies, the effects should be assessed at a
broad societal level. Similarly, data usage for fraud detection in the payment card industry helps
facilitate safe, secure, and frictionless transactions, benefiting society as a whole. And large-scale
analysis of geo-location data has been used for urban planning, disaster recovery, and optimization
of energy consumption.
How Big Data Can Transform Society for the Better?