Final Exam Terms

1. Weimar Republic- The republic that was established in Germany in 1919 and ended in
1933.
2. Fascism-A political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism, a denial of
individual rights and a dictatorial one party rule.
3. Nonaggression Pact- An agreement in which nations promise not to attack one another.
4. Yamamoto- Japans greatest naval strategist, who called the attack on pearl harbor.
5. Aryan- To the Nazis, the Germanic peoples who formed a master race
6. Eisenhower- Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until
1961. He was a five-star general in the United States Army during World War II
7. United Nations-An international peacekeeping organization founded in 1945 to provide
security to the nations of the world.
8. Korean War- A war between north korea, (backed by china and Soviet Union), and
south korea, (backed by the UN).
9. Khrushchev- Dominant Soviet leader, denounced stalin for jailing and killing citizens.
10. Nelson Mandela- African National Congress leader, Became president.
11. Glasnost- A soviet policy of openness to free flow of ideas and information, introduced
in 1985 by Mikhail Gorbachev.
12. Internet- A network of computers allowing people around the world to exchange info
13. Great Depression- The severe economic slump that followed the collapse of the U.S
stock market in 1929.
14. Mussolini- A newspaper editor and politician promised to rescue Italy by reviving the
economy.
15. Blitzkrieg- Lightning war: A form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast
moving airplanes and followed by massive attacks with infantry forces.
16. Pearl Harbor- U.S naval base that was attacked by the Japanese army on December 7
th
,
1941.
17. Holocaust- A massive slaughter of Jews and other civilians, carried out by the Nazi
government of Germany before and during WWII.
18. D-Day- The day on which the allies began there invasion of the European mainland
during WWII.
19. Iron Curtain- During The cold war, The boundary separating the communist nations
from the mostly democratic nations of east and western Europe.
20. DMZ- Demilitarized zone. (ex) the space between north and south Korea.
21. Apartheid- A South American policy of complete legal separation of the races, Including
the banning of all social contacts between blacks and whites.
22. Politburo-The ruling committee of the Communist party in the Soviet Union.
23. Gorbachev- Soviet Unions new general secretary.
24. Cloning- The creation of plants or animals that are genetically identical to an existing
plant or animal.
25. Global Economy- All the financial interactions- involving people, business, and
government- that cross international boundaries.
26. Franklin Roosevelt- First president after The great depression.
27. Adolf Hitler- little known political leader whose early life was marked with
disappointment.
28. Charles de Gaulle- French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during
World War II. Later became president of the French Republic.
29. Battle of Midway- A 1942 sea and air battle of WWII. In which American forces
defeated the Japanese forces in the central pacific.
30. Kristallnacht- (Night of Broken Glass) THE night of November 9, 1938, on which
Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues throughout
Germany.
31. Battle of the Bulge- A 1944-45 battle in which allied forces turned back the last major
German offensive of WWII.
32. Containment- A U.S Foreign policy adopted by Pres. Truman in late 1940s, which the
U.S tried to stop the spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak
countries to resist soviet advances.
33. Truman Doctrine- A U.S policy of giving economic and military aid to free nations
threatened by internal or external opponents.
34. Ho Chi Minh- Young Vietnamese nationalist, turned to the communists for help
35. Dtente- A policy of reducing cold war tensions that was adopted by the U.S. (Nixon)
36. Perestroika- A restructuring of the Soviet Economy to permit more local decision
making.
37. Free Trade-Commerce between nations without economic restrictions or barriers.
38. New Deal- Pres. Roosevelts economic reform program designed to solve the problems
created by the great depression.
39. Nazism- The fascist policies of the National Socialist German Workers party. Based on
totalitarianism, a belief in racial superiority, and state control of industry.
40. Winston Churchill- British Prime minister, declared his nation would never give in.
41. MacArthur- The commander of the allied land forces in the Pacific, developed a plan to
handle the Japanese dug ins.
42. Ghetto- City neighborhoods in which European Jews were forced to live.
43. Kamikaze- during WWII, Japanese suicide pilots trained to sink Allied ships by crashing
bomb filled planes into them.
44. Marshall Plan- A U.S program of economic aid to European Countries to help them
rebuild after WWII.
45. Vietnam War- was a Cold War-era proxy war that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and
Cambodia
46. SALT- The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks,- a series of meetings in the 1970s, in which
leaders of the united states and soviet union agreed to limit their nations stocks of nuclear
weapons.
47. AIDS- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
48. Capitalism- An economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of
money in business ventures in order to make a profit.
49. Mein Kampf- Book written by Adolf Hitler during his imprisonment in 1923-24, in
which he set forth his beliefs and his goals for Germany.
50. Battle of Britain- A series of battles between German and British air forces, fought over
Britain in 1940-41.
51. Final Solution- Hitlers program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people.
52. Atomic Bomb- The bomb used to end WWII.
53. NATO- the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, A defensive military alliance formed in
1949 by ten western European nations, the U.S and Canada.
54. Warsaw Pact- The military alliance formed in 1955 by the soviet union and seven
eastern European countries.
55. Vietcong-A group of communist guerillas who, with the help of north Vietnam, fought
against the south Vietnamese government in the Vietnam war.
56. Ronald Regan- an American actor and politician. He was the 40th President of the
United States
57. CIS- The commonwealth of independent states, a loose association of former Soviet
republics that was formed after the breakup of the Soviet Union.
58. Terrorism-The use of force or threats to frighten people or governments to change their
policies.
59. Socialism- An economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the
public and operate for the welfare of all.
60. Rommel- the command general for Hitlers German tank forces, the Afrika korps.
61. Genocide- The systematic killing of an entire people.
62. 38
th
Parallel- The invisible line that divides North and South Korea, Also along with the
DMZ.
63. Tiananmen square massacre- A student uprising in support of democratic reforms.
64. Mao Zedong- Chinese Communist revolutionary and the founding father of the People's
Republic of China
65. Jaiang Jiesni- The head of the nationalist party.
66. Ayatollah Khomeini- The religious leader of the shah.
67. JFK-was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States
68. Brasilia- A new capital city in brazil, founded by Kubitschek.
69. Standard of living- The quality of life of a person or a population, as indicated by the
goods, services, and luxuries available to the person or people.
70. PRI- The institutional revolutionary party- the main political party of Mexico.
71. Martial law- A temporary rule by military authorities over a civilian population, usually
imposed in times of war or civil unrest.
72. Dissident- An opponent of governments policies or actions.
73. Yeltsin- member of parliament and former nayor of Moscow, turned to for a leader.
74. Shock Therapy- An economic program implemented in Russia by Boris Yeltsin in the
1990s, involving abrupt shift from a command economy to a free market economy.