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UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSIEN ONN MALAYSIA

PARIT RAJA, BATU PAHAT 86400


JOHOR DARUL TAKZIM


EDUCATION CENTRE OF DIPLOMA
THERMODYNAMIC
DDD

PROJECT PROPOSAL: DETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURE RISE DUE TO
MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY

LECTURE
EN. MAHMOD ABDUL HAKIM BIN MOHAMAD

GROUP MEMBER












UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
EDUCATION CENTRE OF DIPLOMA

Title: Water Temperature Increase Due To Mechanical Efficiency
Problem Statement
The pump of the water distribution system is powered by a 0.75-kW electric motor whose efficiency
us 90 percent. The water flow rate though the pump is 50 L/s. The diameter of the inlet and outlet
pipe is the same, and the elevation difference across the pump is negligible. If the pressure at the inlet
and outlet of the pump are measured to be 50 kPa and 150 kPa (absolute), respectively, determine the
(a) the mechanical efficiency of the pump and (b) the temperature rise of water as its flow though the
pump due to the mechanical efficiency

Assumption
1) The flow are steady and incompressible
2) The pump is driven by external motor so heat generated by motor is dissipated to the
atmosphere
3) Pipe elevation is negligible, z1=z2
4) Inlet and outlet diameter are same thus velocity 1 and velocity 2 are equal
Assumptions 1 The flow is steady and incompressible. 2 The pump is driven by an external motor
so that the heat generated by the motor is dissipated to the atmosphere. 3 The elevation difference
between the inlet and outlet of the pump is negligible, z
1
= z
2
. 4 The inlet and outlet diameters are
the same and thus the inlet and exit velocities are equal, V
1
= V
2
.

Physic law and thermodynamic law
1)


2)


3)

) (

)
4)


5)


6)

)
7)




UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
EDUCATION CENTRE OF DIPLOMA

CALCULATION

i. The mass flow rate of water through the pump is

, (

) (

) , = 50 kg/s


ii. The motor draws 0.75 kW of power and is 90 percent efficiency, thus the mechanical (shaft)
power is

()( ) , =0.675 kW

To determine the mechanical efficiency of the pump, we need to know the increase in the
mechanical energy of the fluid as it flows through the pump, which is

) (

)
Simplifying it for this case and substituting the given values,

) , = (

) (
()

) (

) , = 5 kW


iii. Then the mechanical efficiency of the pump becomes



, = 7.4 %


iv. Of the 0.675 kW mechanical power supplied by the pump, only 5 kW is imparted to the fluid
as mechanical energy. The remaining 3.5 kW is converted to thermal energy due to frictional
effects, and this lost mechanical energy manifests itself as a heating effect in the fluid,

, = 0.675 kW 5 kW , = 4.325 kW

The temperature rise of water due tp this mechanical efficiency us determined from the thermal
energy balance


,

()(

)
, = 0.021

Therefore, the water will experience a temperature rise of 0.017C, which is very small, as it
flows through the pump.

Discussion In an actual application, the temperature rise of water will probably be less since
part of the heat generated will be transferred to the casing of the pump and from the casing
to the surrounding air. If the entire pump motor were submerged in water, then the 1.5 kW
dissipated to the air due to motor inefficiency would also be transferred to the surrounding
water as heat. This would cause the water temperature to rise more.

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