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Fo rm 5
(Version 2012)
Topic: 19
my
to score A = 1.0
by
NgKL
edmet-nklpunya.blogspot.com
TOPIC
CHAPTER
7
Probability
7.1
Probability of an Event
Solve each of the following problems.
Example
ample
The diagram shows six number cards.
! " # $ $%
&f a card is selected at random' state the probabilit( that )a* a prime number is selected' )b* a multiple of ! is
selected.
)a* Prime numbers are ' ! and ".
++
P)a prime number is selected* ,
!
-
,
++
$
. A bag contains # blue balls' $ red balls and $.
blac/ balls. &f a ball is selected at random from the
bag' find the probabilit( that
)a* a blue ball is selected
)b* a blac/ ball is selected
)b* 0ultiples of ! are #' $ and $%
++
P)a multiple of ! is selected* ,
!
-
,
++
$
$.
S C & E 1 C E
The seven cards shown in the above diagram are
placed into an empt( box.
)a* &f a card is selected at random from the box'
find the probabilit( that a vowel is selected.
)b* A number of cards mar/ed 0 are added into
the box. &f a card is selected at random from
the box' the probabilit( of choosing a card
mar/ed
E is +
<
R=
++
++
!
$
++ $ <
!
<
$
++ ++
++ R
!
R
$ <
++
<
$
$
<
<
$
,
<
R
<
$
<
<
$
R
R<
R<
$
, P)<
R* 8 P)<
$
R*
,
) *
8
) *
++ ++ ++ ++
! $ ! $
++
!
)b* P)both balls drawn are of the same colour*
, P)<
<
$
* 8 P)<
$
<
*
,
) *
8
) *
++ ++ ++ ++
! $ ! $
,
Tree :iagram
++
!
. A fair coin and a fair die are tossed. 2ind the probabilit( of
)a* obtaining a tail and a number 3'
)b* obtaining a head and an odd
number' )c* obtaining an even number.
5
$. Ali has five .>sen coins and two 3.>sen coins in his wallet. He draws out two coins at random from his
wallet' one after the other' without replacement. Calculate the probabilit( that the total value of the two
coins is
)a* R0 )b* -. sen )c* $. sen
!
$.>sen
++
#
3 ++
#
3.>sen
$
"
++
$.>sen
3
3.>sen
++
"
!
"
++
$.>sen
%
3.>sen
++
"
++ ++
)a* P)R0* ,
3
%
# "
,
3
++
%
)b* P)9. sen* , .
++ ++
)c* P)%. sen* ,
!
$
# "
,
!
++
2irst draw Second draw
$#
++
!. =iven that the probabilit( of Adam passing ?ahasa 0ala(sia' Chemistr( and 0athematics tests are
'
%
++ ++
and
respectivel(. Calculate the probabilit( that
! $
?0
Chemistr( 0athematics
++
)a* she passes onl( one sub@ect'
)b* she passes all the three sub@ects'
)c* she fails all the three sub@ects.
)a* P)Pass $ sub@ects*
,
8
8
$ %
++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++
++ ++
3 $ ! 3 $ ! 3 $ !
,
"
++
!.
++
$
++
Pass
3
++
$
2ail
!
Pass
++
!
2ail
++
!
Pass
++
!
2ail
Pass
2ail
Pass
2ail
Pass
2ail
Pass
2ail
++ ++ ++
)b* P)Pass ! sub@ects* ,
3 $ !
,
++
!.
++ ++ ++ ++
)c* P)2ail ! sub@ects* ,
%
$
,
%
3 $ ! 3
%. There are . eggs in a box. 2our of which are spoilt. Two eggs are drawn at random from the box' one
after the other' without replacement. Calculate the probabilit( that
)a* the two eggs drawn are both spoilt'
++ ++
)b* an egg drawn is in good condition and the other egg drawn is spoilt.
2irst draw
Second draw
"
%
)a* P)both spoilt* ,
!
$
++
3
=ood
#
!
#
++
Spoilt
++
good
,
! spoilt ++
"
3
++
" good
$
spoilt
++
"
#
"
!
++
$#
++ ++
++ ++
)b* P)one good' one spoilt* ,
3
!
8
!
3
# " # "
3
6
,
++
Try Tese !P" #ormat $%estions
. A bag contains # red cards and k blue cards. &f a
card is drawn randoml( from the box' the
probabilit( of
++
getting a blue card is
!
. 2ind the value of k.
3
++ ++ ++
$. The probabilit( of Ahan' ?ulat and 0utha
winning in a BuiC are
'
and
respectivel(.
- % 3
&f the events of Chan' Ahmad and 0uthu winning
the BuiC are independent' calculate the probabilit(
that
)a* onl( Ahan wins in the BuiC
)b* onl( two participants win in the BuiC
)c* none of them win in the BuiC
Colo
ur
?ag
Re
d
6hit
e
=reen
X - $ %
Y 3 ! "
!. The above table shows the number of different
coloured balls in bag X and bag Y. A ball is
drawn at random from bag X followed b( another
ball from bag Y' without replacement. Calculate
the probabilit( that
)a* a red ball and a green ball are drawn'
)b* the second ball drawn is white.
%. The table shows the number of coloured cards in a
box.
Colour Re
d
<ello
w
?lu
e
1umber of cards % - #
Two cards are drawn at random from the box. 2ind the
probabilit( that both cards are of the same colour.
3. &n a hoc/e( match between team K and team L' the
result can be a win or a loss for both team. The
probabilities that team K and team L will win are
++ ++
$
and
!
respectivel(. &n three consecutive
3 3
matches' calculate the probabilit( that team K
win twice and lose one.
-. ?ox P contains " blue marbles and 3 red marbles. ?ox
Q contains % green marbles and ! (ellow marbles.
Two marbles are drawn at random from box P. &f the
marbles are of different colours' then the marbles are
put into box Q. ;therwise' the marbles are returned
into box P. SubseBuentl(' a marble is drawn from
box Q. Calculate the probabilit( that
)a* both the marbles drawn from box P are of
different colours'
)b* the marble drawn from box Q is blue'
)c* the marble drawn from box Q is green.
&