Analog Electronic Circuits Unit 2 VTU

ANALOG ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
(VTU)
3
rd
Sem EC/EE/TC
UNI T 2:
Transistor Biasing: Operating point, Fixed bias circuits, Emitter stabilized biased circuits,
Voltage divider biased, DC bias with voltage feedback, Miscellaneous bias configurations ,
Design operations, Transistor switching networks, PNP transistors, Bias stabilization.
(Chapter4.1 to 4.12)
7 Hours
TEXT BOOK:
1. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky,
PHI/Pearson Education. 9TH Edition.
BY:
RAGHUDATHESH G P
Asst Prof
ECE Dept, GMIT
Davangere 577004
Cell: +917411459249
E-mail: datheshraghubooks@gmail.com
Quotes:
Never burn bridges. Todays junior jerk, tomorrows senior partner.
Everything has its beauty, but not everyone sees it.
The old believe everything: the middle-aged suspect everything: the young
know everything.
The only true wisdom is knowing that you know nothing.
The only rock I know that stays steady, the only institution I know that
works is the family.
Transistor Circuits Raghudathesh G P Asst. Prof
ECE Dept,GMIT, DVG datheshraghubooks@gmail.com Page No -1
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TRANSISTOR BIASING
Transistor Basics:
A Bipolar Junction Transistor is a three layer (npn or pnp) semiconductor device.
There are two pn junctions in the transistor.
The three layers are called the emitter, base and collector.
Fig: Transistor Representation
The base is lightly doped and sandwiched between the collector and the emitter. The
collector is moderately doped and the emitter is heavily doped.
The base region is much thinner than the either the collector or emitter regions. Typical
base widths are about 10-6 m.
The collector region is usually thicker than the emitter as the largest amount of heat is
dissipated in the collector.
It is broadly classified into following types
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Fig : Transistor Classification
Construction and Symbol of Bipolar Junction Transistor
Fig: Construction and Symbol of Bipolar Junction Transistor
Two-diode Model : A simple model of the transistor can be made out of two diodes
placed back to back. (This doesn`t really work but it is useful.)
Fig: Two-diode Model
From the above figure we see that there are TWO junction namely
1. Emitter- Base Junction.
2. Collector-Base Junction.
Modes of transistor operation
Table: Modes of transistor operation
Sl.No Junction-bias Condition
Mode Emitter-Base Collector-Base
1 Forward active Forward Reverse
2 Saturation Forward Forward
3 Cut-off Reverse Reverse
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Note About Labeling Voltages:
1. Voltages with capital letter subscripts are DC voltages, (V
BE
, V
CC
).
2. When a voltage has a single subscript it is measured from the terminal to ground,
(V
E
, V
B
,V
C
).
3. When a voltage has a double subscript with different letters it is the voltage
measured between two terminals, (V
BE
, V
EC
).
4. When a voltage has a double subscript with the same letters it is a supply voltage,
(V
EE
, V
CC
).
Symbols:
Fig: Transistor Symbols
Applications:
1. As a Switch.
2. As a Amplifier.
3. In IC Circuits.
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Analog Electronic Circuits Unit 2 VTU

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ANALOG ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS

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