INDEX

Calculate Page Cell

Power E25
555 Timer Analogue AB1
6 dB Splitter Match G38
ac Resistance of a strait wire Windings A14
Adjacent from Cosine Math V19
Adjacent from Tangent Math S10
Antenna Gain dB Y1
Area & Perimeter of a Rectangle Math M1
Area of a circle (radius) Math M17
Area of a circle (diameter) Math M25
Attenuation dB (Volts) dB A13
Attenuation dB (Watts) dB D13
Binary Math E25
Bridge PSU Power A25
Capacitor Charging Times Resistor, Current Source Time A73 - L73
Circumference of a Circle (r) Math M1
Circumference of a Circle (d) Math M9
Coaxial Cable Capacitance Match D112
Coaxial Cable Inductance Match G112
Coaxial Cable Impedance from Diameters Match A112
Coaxial Cable Impedance from L & C Match J112
Cosine Angle Math S10
Current from Watts dB G45
Current from Watts Power G9
DAC Resolution Math E9
dc Resistance of a strait wire Windings A14
Delay Time P37
Diameter/Radius of a Circle Math M33
dBm to Volts rms dB A25
dBm to Watts dB D25
dBuV to Volts rms dB G25
dBuV to Watts dB J13
Degrees to Radians Time L13
Distance travelled at the speed of light Math E33
Frequency Coherence Time L1
Frequency to Wavelength Time D25
Fundamental Frequency Time A30
Harmonics Time A1
Hexadecimal Math E17
Hypotenuse from Cosine Math V10
Hypotenuse from Sine Math V19
Impedance of Capacitor and Resistor in Parallel Match G48
Impedance of Capacitor and Resistor in Series Match A48
Impedance of Inductor and Resistor in Parallel Match G62
Impedance of Inductor and Resistor in Series Match A62
Imperial and Metric Distance Math A33
Inductor Charging Times Time A85
Mean Math E1
Medium Term Stability Time H37
Calculation Spreadsheet For Radio Frequency and Analogue Electronics
3 Phase Supplies
Miles to Kilometres Maths M37
MMIC dc Conditions Analogue V1
Narrowband Bridge Balun Match J38
Nautical Miles and Kilometres Math I37
Near/Far field Distance Time P1
Noise Figure (Cascaded Amplifier) dB Q37
Nominal Frequency (Average) Time A37
Ohms Law Current Analogue A1
Ohms Law Resistance Analogue A25
Ohms Law Voltage Analogue A13
Ohms Law Current Power M1
Ohms Law Resistance Power M25
Ohms Law Voltage Power M13
Op-Amp Gain Non-Inverting Analogue D34
Op-Amp Gain Inverting Analogue G34
NOTES: 1) Click on link to bring required block to centre/left of page
2) Some calculations use complex numbers or functions and require the Analysis Toolpack and Analysis Toolpack - VBA, which
can be found under Tools / Add-Ins (if any calculation result indicates #VALUE!, then the Analysis Toolpack may not be installed).
3) Blocks can be linked in order to make more complex calculations. Simply reference the output (RED text) of one block from
the input (BLACK text) of another block.
4) No cells are locked so all calculations can be checked, studied or copied.
5) Some blocks have hidden calculations that could become corrupted. If extra calculations are required, use the scratch areas.
Calculate Page Cell
Opposite from Sine Math S28
Opposite from Tangent Math S37
Parts per Million Math A25
Peak to Peak into rms dB J37
Peak to Peak into rms Power J1
Percentage Math A1
Period to Frequency to Period Time H25
Pi Attenuator dB M1
Pi Attenuator Match A1
Potentiometer Analogue H1
Power in Resistor into Current dB D50
Power in Resistor into Current Power D14
Power in Resistor into Voltage dB A50
Power in Resistor into Voltage Power A14
Power in Resistor using Current dB D37
Power in Resistor using Current Power D1
Power in Resistor using Voltage dB A37
Power in Resistor using Voltage Power A1
Power in Watts dB G37
Power in Watts Power G1
Radians to Degrees Time L19
Reactance of a Capacitor Match A38
Reactance of an Inductor Match D38
Regulator (Transistor/Zener) Power A36
Regulator (Resistor/Zener) Power I36
Resistors in Parallel Analogue D1
Resistors in Parallel dB A61
Resonance Time H1
Return Loss and Mismatch Loss dB M37
Return Loss and Mismatch Loss Match M1
rms into Peak to Peak dB J49
rms into Peak to Peak Power J13
Sample Standard Deviation Math I1
Schmitt Trigger Analogue N1
Schmitt Trigger (Inverting) Analogue R1
Short Term Stability Time D37
Sine Angle Math S19
Sine Wave - Instantaneous Voltage Time P13
Sine Wave - Phase Angle Time P25
Skin Effect Depth Windings A1
Spurs Time D1
Stub Filter Frequency Time H13
Tangent Angle Math S1
T Attenuator dB M19
T Attenuator Match A19
Tolerance Math A17
Transformer Ratio Windings E14
Via Inductance Match P112
Vector Voltage Addition Time T13
Calculation Spreadsheet For Radio Frequency and Analogue Electronics
Velocity Factor Time P51
Velocity Factor Match M112
Voltage from Watts dB G53
Voltage from Watts Power G17
Voltage Regulator Analogue A34
Voltage Summing Resistors Analogue L1
Voltage Vector Time P13
Voltage Vector Addition Time T13
Volts rms to dBm dB A1
Volts rms to dBuV dB G1
Watts to dBm dB D1
Watts to dBuV dB J1
Wavelength to Frequency Time D13
Wheeler Formula for Air Spaced Inductors Windings A1
Zener Regulator Power I36
Zener Regulator with Transistor Power A36
2) Some calculations use complex numbers or functions and require the Analysis Toolpack and Analysis Toolpack - VBA, which
can be found under Tools / Add-Ins (if any calculation result indicates #VALUE!, then the Analysis Toolpack may not be installed).
3) Blocks can be linked in order to make more complex calculations. Simply reference the output (RED text) of one block from
5) Some blocks have hidden calculations that could become corrupted. If extra calculations are required, use the scratch areas.
Tolerance 1 % Tolerance
2.2 Ohms R1
3 Volts 20 Ohms R2
9.9 Ohms Input (Vin)
Resistance = 1.98198198 Ohms
Current = 0.30303 Amps Maximum = 2.0018018 Ohms Output =
Minimum = 1.96216216 Ohms Maximum =
Minimum =
1 %
22 Ohms Tolerance
1.4 Amps 18 Ohms R1
2.3 Ohms 1E+16 Ohms R2
R3
R4
Resistance = 9.9 Ohms R5
Voltage = 3.22 Volts Maximum = 9.999 Ohms R6
Minimum = 9.801 Ohms
Resistance =
3 Volts 22 Ohms Resistance =
0.3 Amps 10 Ohms Maximum =
Minimum =
Resistance = 10 Ohms Resistance = 18.3333333 Ohms
R1 1800 Ohms R in 10 Ohms R in
R2 220 Ohms R f 15 Ohms R f
Vref 1.25 Volts
Ambient Temperature 30 Degrees Gain = (Rin + Rf)/Rin Gain =
Thermal Res to Case 5 C/W Gain = 2.5 Gain =
Input Voltage 36 Volts
Regulated Current 0.15 Amps Input 5 Volts Input
Heatsink Therm Res 10 C/W
Max Junction Temp 125 C Output = 12.5 Volts Output =
Vout = 11.4773 Volts
Junction Temperature 85.18 Degrees
Resistors in Parallel
Vout = Vadj x (1 + R1/R2)
Potentiometer
Resistance = 1/(1/R1+1/R2 + 1/R3))
Resistors in Parallel
Output (Vout) = V / (R1 + R2) x R2
R2 = 1/(1/Total - 1/R10)
Non-Inverting Op-Amp Gain Inverting Op-Amp Gain Voltage Regulator
Current = V / R
Ohms Law Current
Ohms Law Voltage
Resistors in Parallel
Resistors in Parallel
Resistance = 1/(1/R1+1/R2)
Ohms Law Resistance
Voltage = I x R
Resistance = V / I
1 %
1000 Ohms
1000 Ohms
10 Volts
5 Volts
5.05 Volts Input Voltage High Threshold =
4.95 Volts
1 % Voltage (Va) 10 Volts Input Voltage Low Threshold =
3.3 Ohms Resistor Ra 1000 Ohms
2.2 Ohms Voltage (Vb) 10 Volts
2.20E+00 Ohms Resistor Rb 1000 Ohms
3.30E+00 Ohms Resistor Rc 500 Ohms
1.50E+00 Ohms Input Voltage Mid =
1.00E+32 Ohms RcRb + RcRa + RaRb
Vsum = 5 Volts
0.458333333 Ohms
0.462916667 Ohms
0.45375 Ohms
91 Ohms
520 Ohms
Rf/Rin
5.714285714
1 Volts
5.714285714 Volts
Resistors in Parallel
1/(1/R1+1/R2 + 1/R3 + 1/R4 +
1/R5 + 1/R6))
Input Voltage Mid =
Input Resistor (R1)
Ground Resistor (R2)
Supply Voltage (Vcc)
Potentiometer
Output (Vout) = V / (R1 + R2) x R2
Voltage Summing Resistors
Inverting Op-Amp Gain
V- + ( R1 * (( Vi / R3 ) + ( Vi / R2 )))
Input Voltage High =
V- ( R1 * ((( Vcc - Vi ) / R3 ) - ( Vi / R2 ))
Input Voltage Low =
V- * (( R1 + R2 ) / R2)
Schmitt Trigger
Feedback Resistor (R3)
Inverting Input (V-)
Type
Vcc
10000 Ohms 10000 Ohms I bias
1E+11 Ohms 100000 Ohms Vd
100000 Ohms 11.5 Volts Series inductors
5 Volts 24 Volts R bias (total) =
24 Volts R bias resistors =
Input Voltage High Threshold = Inverting Input Voltage High Threshold (V-in) = Series Resistors
R1
Power R1 =
5.5000005 Volts 12.636364 Volts Calculated R2 =
Actual R2
Input Voltage Low Threshold = Inverting Input Voltage Low Threshold (V-in) = Power R2 =
Actual Current =
Parallel Resistors
3.1000005 Volts 10.454545 Volts R1
Power R1 =
Inverting Input Voltage Mid = Calculated R2 =
Actual R2
Power R2 =
5.0000005 Volts Volts Actual Current = Input Voltage Mid =
Input Voltage Low =
V+in * (( R1 + R2 ) / R2)
Non-Inverting Input Voltage (V+in)
Supply Voltage (Vcc)
Vcc - ( ( Vcc-V+in ) x ( R2 /(R2+R1)))
Feedback Resistor (R2)
V- + ( R1 * (( Vi / R3 ) + ( Vi / R2 )))
V- ( R1 * ((( Vcc - Vi ) / R3 ) - ( Vi / R2 ))
V- * (( R1 + R2 ) / R2)
Schmitt Trigger Inverting Schmitt Trigger
Input Voltage High =
V+in x R2 /(R1 + R2)
Non-Inverting Input Resistor (R1)
ADA-4543 Monostable
5.3 Volts MIMIC Tolerances
0.015 Amps RA 330000
3.4 Volts Vd Max 3.8 Volts RA Tolerance 1
1.5 Ohms Vd Min 3.1 Volts Capacitance 1
126.6666667 Ohms Mantissa -6
125.1666667 Ohms C Tolerance 10
Series Resistors Period = 1.1 x R x C
68 Ohms R1 + R2 = 78 Ohms Period = 0.363
0.038840236 Watts Maximum Current = 0.027673 Amps Period = 363
57.16666667 Ohms Minimum Current = 0.018868 Amps Min Period = 0.323433
10 Ohms Voltage R1 Max = 1.881761 Volts Min Period = 323.433
0.005711799 Watts Voltage R1 Min = 1.283019 Volts Max Period = 0.403293
0.023899371 Amps Voltage R1 Mean = 1.625157 Volts Max Period = 403.293
Parallel Resistors
330 Ohms R1 || R2 = 138.9474 Ohms
0.010939394 Watts Maximum Current = 0.015664 Amps Astable
201.6517494 Ohms Minimum Current = 0.01068 Amps
240 Ohms Voltage R1 Max = 2.176504 Volts RA 10000
0.015041667 Watts Voltage R1 Min = 1.48398 Volts RA Tolerance 1
0.013528199 Amps Voltage R1 Mean = 1.879708 Volts RB 10000
RB Tolerance 1
Capacitance 470
Mantissa -9
C Tolerance 5
Time High = 0.693(RA + RB) x C
Time High = 0.006533
Time High = 6.533
Min Time High = 0.006144
Min Time High = 6.144287
Max Time High = 0.006928
Max Time High = 6.928247
Time Low = 0.693 x RB x C
Time Low = 0.003267
Time Low = 3.2665
Min Time Low = 0.003072
Min Time Low = 3.072143
Max TimeLow = 0.003464
Max TimeLow = 3.464123
MIMIC DC Conditions 555 Timer
Ohms
%
Digits
%
1.1 x R x C
seconds
ms
seconds
ms
seconds
ms
Ohms
%
Ohms
%
Digits
%
0.693(RA + RB) x C
seconds
ms
seconds
ms
seconds
ms
0.693 x RB x C
seconds
ms
seconds
ms
seconds
ms
555 Timer
Zo 50 Ohms
V1 0.707106781 Volts P1 3.00 Watts V1
power = 20 Log (V1/(0.001 x Zo)^0.5) power = 20 Log (V1/0.000001) dBuV
Power = 10 dBm Power = 34.7712125 dBm Power =
V1 1 Volts P1 50 Watts Measured
RBW
V2 0.333333 Volts P2 1.1167 Watts Correction
noise = measured -10 Log RBW
- Correction Factor
Ratio = 9.54243378 dB Ratio = 16.5103349 dB noise =
Zo 50 Ohms
Level 35 dBm Level 10 dBm Level
V1 = Alog(dBm/20) x (0.001 x Zo)^0.5
Voltage = 12.5743343 Volts Power = 0.01 Watts Voltage =
Current = 0.251487 Amps
Voltage
Voltage 17.6 Volts rms Current 4.50E-05 Amps rms Current
Resistance 3300 Ohms Resistance 1000 Ohms
Power =
Current = 0.005333333 Amps Power = 2.025E-06 Watts
Power = 0.093866667 Watts Drop = 0.045 Volts Voltage
Power
Current =
V1 = Alog(dBm/20) x 0.000001
dBuV to Volts rms
Ratio = 20 Log (V1/V2) Ratio = 10 Log (P1/P2)
dBc to dBc/Hz
Volts rms to dBm Watts to dBm Volts rms to dBuV
Attenuation (dB) Attenuation (dB)
power = 10 Log (P1/0.001)
I = W / V
Current = Voltage / Resistance
Power in Resistor Into Voltage Power in Resistor into Current
Current from Watts
Power = I^2 x R
Voltage Drop = I x R
dBm to Volts rms dBm to Watts
P1 = Alog(dBm/10) x 0.001
Power in Resistor Using Voltage Power in Resistor Using Current
Power = V^2 / R
W = I x V
Power in Watts
Power 0.00 Watts Power 325.00 Watts
Resistance 50 Ohms Resistance 600 Ohms
Current
Power
Voltage = 0 Volts Current = 0.73598007 Amps
Voltage =
Tolerance 1 %
R1 1570 Ohms
R2 1570 Ohms
R3 50 Ohms
Resistance = 47.00598802 Ohms
Maximum = 47.4760479 Ohms
Minimum = 46.53592814 Ohms
V = W / I
Volts = (W x R)^0.5 Current = (W / R)^0.5
Voltage from Watts
Resistance = 1/(1/R1+1/R2 + 1/R3))
Resistors in Parallel
Zo 50 Ohms
1 Volts P1 1.00E-01 Watts
power = 20 Log (V1/0.000001) dBuV FORWARD
120 dBuV Power = 1.27E+02 dBuV
Zo 50 Ohms
-59.84 dBc Level 127 dBuV
3 KHz
2.3 dBc
noise = measured -10 Log RBW EMF
- Correction Factor
-96.91121255 dBc/Hz Power = 0.10023745 Watts
FORWARD
79 dBuV
0.008912509 Volts
17.7827941 Volts
0.0075 Amps Voltage 2 Volts pp
0.133370956 Watts
Volts rms = 0.70710678 Volts
175 Volts
375 Watts
2.142857143 Amps
Voltage 12.57 Volts rms
Zo IN
Zo OUT
Series Resistor OUT
V1 = Alog(dBm/20) x 0.000001
Scratch Area dBuV to Volts rms
P1 = Alog(dBm/10) x (0.000001^2/Zo)
Shunt Resistor
Series Resistor IN
Include Mismatch Losses
Input Voltage =
Output Voltage =
Attenuation =
Input Impedance =
dBc to dBc/Hz
Input Current =
dBuV to Watts
Volts rms to dBuV
power = 10 Log (P1/(0.000001^2/Zo))
Shunt Resistor OUT
Watts to dBuV
Series Resistor
Total Resistance =
Shunt Resistor IN
Zo OUT
Include Mismatch Losses
EMF
Zo IN
Pie Attenuator---Preferred Values
I = W / V
Tea Attenuator---Preferred Values
Return Loss =
Current from Watts
Input Impedance =
Attenuation =
Reflection Coefficient =
Total Resistance =
Absolute Load Impedance =
Zo
Real (R)
Return Loss =
Input Voltage =
Input Current =
Output Voltage =
Return Loss and Mismatch Loss
Input VSWR =
Reflection Coefficient =
VSWR =
VSWR =
Return Loss = 20LOG((VSWR-1)/(VSWR+1))
Imaginary (j)
Reflection Coefficient ( ) =
VSWR =
rms into Peak to Peak
W = I x V
Peak to Peak into rms
Volts rms = Volts pp / 2.828
Power in Watts
Reflection Coefficient ( ) =
0.0075 Amps
0.133370956 Watts
Volts pp = 35.5655882 Volts
17.7827941 Volts Volts peak = 17.7827941 Volts
V = W / I
Voltage from Watts Return Loss =
Volts pp = Volts rms x 2.828
Mismatch Loss =
2 Volts 2 Volts
100 Ohms 50 Ohms A + B -6.36
25 Ohms 50 Ohms B + C -4.94
1000.00 Ohms 5 dB A + C -5.5
198.00 Ohms
198.00 Ohms 0.56234133 Volts A = (A+B)+(A+C)-(B+C)
NO YES/NO 2
178.49 Ohms
265.87077 Ohms 178.49 Ohms A = -3.46
0.00752245 Amps 30.40 Ohms
1.24775484 Volts B = (A+B)+(B+C)-(A+C)
0.02709536 Volts REVERSE Output 0.10838142 Volts 2
25.0463894 dB 21.8827383 dB
165.87077 Ohms 166.995043 Ohms B = -2.9
0.24775484 0.73957661
1.6587077 6.6798017 C = (B+C)+(A+C)-(A+B)
12.12 dB 2.62 dB 2
Input 1.73957661 Volts
C = -2.04
2 Volts 2 Volts
100 Ohms 50 Ohms
25 Ohms 50 Ohms
15.00 Ohms 5 dB
1000.00 Ohms
15.00 Ohms 0.56 Volts
YES YES/NO
14.01 Ohms
153.461538 Ohms 14.01 Ohms
0.01303258 Amps 82.24 Ohms
0.69674185 Volts
0.31328321 Volts REVERSE Output = 1.25313283 Volts
4.06065774 dB 4.06065774 dB
53.4615385 Ohms 118.139013 Ohms
-0.3032581 0.65068922
1.8705036 4.72556054
10.36 dB 3.73 dB
1.65068922 Volts
50 Ohms Gain Noise Figure
54.30 Ohms Stage 1 20 3 dB
2 Ohms Stage 2 20 3 dB
Stage 3 20 3 dB
54.34 Ohms
F = F1 + F2 - 1 + F3 - 1
G1 G1G2
0.045460
Gain (x) Noise Factor
( 1 + ) / ( 1 - ) Stage 1 100 1.99526231
1.095 Stage 2 100 1.99526231
Stage 3 100 1.99526231
Zo OUT
EMF
Zo IN
Output Voltage =
Shunt Resistor IN =
Pie Attenuator---Ideal Values
EMF
Zo IN
Zo OUT
Pie Attenuator---Preferred Values
Shunt Resistor OUT =
Series Resistor =
Tea Attenuator---Preferred Values Tea Attenuator---Ideal Values
Attenuation =
Reflection Coefficient =
Attenuation =
Reflection Coefficient =
Output VSWR =
Attenuation
Series Resistor IN =
Series Resistor OUT =
Shunt Resistor =
Output Impedance =
Return Loss =
Antenna Gain
Return Loss and Mismatch Loss
Output VSWR =
Input Voltage =
Output Voltage =
Output Impedance =
Return Loss =
Attenuation
Return Loss = 20LOG((VSWR-1)/(VSWR+1))
((R+Zo)^2+j^2)^0.5
((R-Zo)^2+j^2)^0.5
Cascaded Amplifier Noise Figure
26.85 dB 2.00531446
60 dB
0.009 dB 3.02182486 dB
Total Noise Factor
Total Noise Figure
Total Gain
dB
dB
dB
(A+B)+(A+C)-(B+C)
dB
(A+B)+(B+C)-(A+C)
dB
(B+C)+(A+C)-(A+B)
dB
Antenna Gain
2 Volts 2
100 Ohms 50
25 Ohms 50
1000.00 Ohms 5
198.00 Ohms
198.00 Ohms 0.562341325
NO YES/NO 178.49
FORWARD 178.49
265.87077 Ohms 30.40
0.0075225 Amps
1.2477548 Volts
0.0270954 Volts REVERSE Output 0.108381425
25.046389 dB 21.88273827
165.87077 Ohms 166.9950425
0.2477548 0.739576609
1.6587077 6.679801701
12.12 dB 2.62
Input 1.739576609
EMF 2 Volts 2
100 Ohms 50
25 Ohms 50
15.00 Ohms 15
1000.00 Ohms
15.00 Ohms 0.18
NO YES/NO 34.90
FORWARD 34.90
153.46154 Ohms 18.36
0.0130326 Amps
0.6967419 Volts
0.3132832 Volts REVERSE Output = 1.253132832
3.6416812 dB 1.669430746
53.461538 Ohms 118.1390135
-0.3032581 0.650689223
1.8705036 4.725560538
10.36 dB 3.73
1.650689223
Capacitance 12 Digits Inductance 470 Digits Zo
Mantissa -12 Mantissa -6 R1 = R2 = R3
Frequency 46700000 Hz Frequency 1000 Hz
Z in =
Xc = -284.0023967 Ohms Xl = 2.95309709 Ohms
Capacitance 820 Digits (Farads)
Mantissa -6
Resistor 820000000 Digits (Ohms)
Shunt Resistor OUT Output Voltage =
Zo IN
Zo OUT Zo OUT
Series Resistor Attenuation
Shunt Resistor IN
Z in = (R2 + Zo)/2 + R1
Pie Attenuator---Preferred Values Pie Attenuator---Ideal Values
EMF EMF
Zo IN
Shunt Resistor IN =
Total Resistance =
Shunt Resistor OUT =
Include Mismatch Losses
Zo IN
Reflection Coefficient =
Series Resistor =
Attenuation =
Input Current =
Input Voltage =
Output Voltage =
Attenuation =
Output Impedance =
Zo OUT
Series Resistor IN Attenuation
Tea Attenuator---Preferred Values Tea Attenuator---Ideal Values
EMF
Zo IN
Attenuation =
Output Impedance =
Return Loss =
Input Current =
Shunt Resistor =
Output Voltage =
Attenuation =
Input Impedance =
Refection Coefficient =
Include Mismatch Losses
Reflection Coefficient =
Output VSWR =
Return Loss =
Xl = 2fl
Impedance of Capacitor and Resistor in Parallel
Series Resistor OUT Output Voltage =
Zo OUT
Output VSWR =
Total Resistance =
Series Resistor OUT =
Shunt Resistor
Reactance of a Capacitor Reactance of an Inductor
Xc = 1 / 2pi fc
Input Voltage =
Input Impedance =
Input VSWR =
Return Loss =
Series Resistor IN =
Reflection Coefficient =
VSWR =
Return Loss =
Input Voltage =
Impedance of Capacitor and Resistor in Series
6 dB Splitter
Frequency 1000 Hz
Xc = 1 / 2 fc Z Complex = R - jXc
Xc = -0.194091394 Ohms Xc =
Z Complex = Ohms Z Complex =
Z Absolute = 820000000 Ohms Z Absolute =
Inductance 820 Digits
Mantissa -3
Resistor 22 Digits (Ohms)
Frequency 10 Hz
XL = 2 fL Z Complex = R - jXL XL = 2 fL
XL = 51.52211952 Ohms XL =
Z Complex = Ohms Z Complex =
Z Absolute = 56.02257402 Ohms Z Absolute =
Capacitance 820.000 Digits (Farads)
Mantissa -6
Inductance 820.000 Digits (Henries)
Mantissa -3
Frequency 1000 Hz
Xc = 1/2 fC XL = 2 fL XT = XL + Xc Xl = 2 fL
Xc = -0.194091394 Ohms Xc =
XL = 5152.211952 XL =
XT = Ohms XT =
Capacitance 820 Digits (Farads)
Mantissa -6
Inductance 820.000 Digits (Henries)
Mantissa -9
Resistor 1000000 Digits (Ohms)
Frequency 1000 Hz
Xc = 1/2 fC XL = 2 fL Z Complex = R + (Xl- jXc) Xc = 1/2 fC
Xc =
XL =
X = -0.188939182 Ohms X =
Z Complex = Ohms Z Complex =
Z Absolute = 1000000 Ohms Z Absolute =
820000000-0.194091394014507j
1000000-0.188939182062619j
Impedance of Capacitor, Inductor and Resistor in Series Impedance of Capacitor, Inductor and Resistor in Parallel
Reactance of Capacitor and Inductor in Series Reactance of Capacitor and Inductor in Parallel
Impedance of Inductor and Resistor in Series
22+51.5221195188726j
Impedance of Inductor and Resistor in Parallel
5152.01786
Outer (D) 4.335 mm Outer (D) 6 mm Outer (D)
Inner (d) 1.3 mm Inner (d) 2.6 mm Inner (d)
Dielectric 2.07 r Dielectric 1 r
Constant Constant
Impedance = 50.17 Ohms Capacitance = 66.52 pF/m Inductance =
L = 0.4606 * LOG10 D/d
Coaxial Cable Impedance from
diameters
Coaxial Cable Capacitance Coaxial Cable Inductance
Zo = 138/r^0.5 x LOG10(D/d) C = 24.16 * r / LOG10 D/d
Volts
Ohms
60
dB
Volts
Ohms
Ohms
Ohms
Volts
dB
Ohms
dB
Volts
Volts
Ohms
Ohms
dB
Volts
Ohms
Ohms
Ohms
Volts
dB
Ohms
dB 165.871
Volts
Rp =
50 Ohms Source resistance 50 ohm
16.666 Ohms Load resistance 1500 ohm
Centre frequency 21.4 MHz Xp =
Component values 2036.7 nH
49.999 Ohms 27.2 pF
166.739
Capacitance 820.000 Digits (Farads)
Mantissa -6
Resistor 1000000.000 Digits (Ohms)
Z in = (R2 + Zo)/2 + R1
Pie Attenuator---Ideal Values
Narrowband Bridge Balun
Reflection Coefficient ( ) =
Reflection Coefficient ( ) =
Tea Attenuator---Ideal Values
Return Loss and Mismatch Loss
Zo
Real (R)
Imaginary (j)
Absolute Load Impedance =
Complex Load Impedance =
Frequency
Mismatch Loss =
VSWR = ( 1 + ) / ( 1 - )
Return Loss = 20LOG((VSWR-1)/(VSWR+1))
Return Loss =
VSWR =
Impedance of Capacitor and Resistor in Parallel
EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS
C = 1 /( 2 Xc)
Series Network = Real + Imaginary
Equivalent Parallel Circuit
Scratch Area

Equivalent Series Circuit
6 dB Splitter
Frequency 50 Hz
Xc = 1 / 2 fc Z Complex = (R x Xc) / (R + Xc)
-3.88182788 or -3.88182788029013j Ohms
Ohms
3.88183 Ohms
Inductance 470.000 Digits
Mantissa -9
Resistor 1000.000 Digits (Ohms)
Frequency 2000000 Hz
Z Complex = (R x XL^2) / (R^2 + XL^2) -(j)(R^2 x XL) / (R^2 + XL^2)
5.906194189 or 5.90619418874881j Ohms
Ohms
5.90609 Ohms
Capacitance 220.000 Digits (Farads)
Mantissa -12
Inductance 220.000 Digits (Henries)
Mantissa -6
Frequency 2000000 Hz
XL = 2 fL
-361.71578 Ohms
2764.601535
Ohms
Capacitance 1.000 Digits (Farads)
Mantissa -13
Inductance 1.000 Digits (Henries)
Mantissa 0
Resistor 1000000.000 Digits (Ohms)
Frequency 2000000 Hz
XL = 2 fL X = (Xc x Xl) / (Xc + Xl)
Z Complex = (R x X^2) / (R^2 + X^2) +(j)(R^2 x X) / (R^2 + X^2)
-795774.715
12566370.61
-849574.659 or -849574.659251941j Ohms
Ohms
########### Ohms
419204.728041903-493428.945268939j
Impedance of Capacitor, Inductor and Resistor in Parallel
0.0348819130049114+5.90598816939693j
0.0000150685876919707-3.88182788023164j
XT = -(j)(XL x Xc) / (XL + Xc)
Reactance of Capacitor and Inductor in Parallel
Impedance of Inductor and Resistor in Parallel
-416.1662691
6 mm Er
2.6 mm Capacitance 66.52 pF/m
Inductance 0.167 uH/m
0.167 uH/m Inductance = 50.07 Ohms vf =
Velocity Factor
vf = 1 / Er^0.5
L = 0.4606 * LOG10 D/d
Coaxial Cable Impedance from
capacitance and inductance
Impedance = (L/C)^0.5
Coaxial Cable Inductance
50 Ohms
165.87 Ohms
-12 Ohms
165.870769999706-12j Ohms
166.30 Ohms
((R-Zo)^2+j^2)^0.5
((R+Zo)^2+j^2)^0.5
0.538799
3.337
5.37 dB
1.489 dB
1 MHz
or L = Xl /( 2 f)
Ohms + 13262.912 pF
Rs^2 + Xs^2
Rs
Rs^2 + Xs^2
Xs
Xp = -2304.759362 Ohms
Ohms + 69.055 pF
Reflection Coefficient ( ) =
Reflection Coefficient ( ) =
Return Loss and Mismatch Loss
Zo
Real (R)
Imaginary (j)
Absolute Load Impedance =
Complex Load Impedance =
Frequency
Mismatch Loss =
VSWR = ( 1 + ) / ( 1 - )
Return Loss = 20LOG((VSWR-1)/(VSWR+1))
Return Loss =
VSWR =
EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS
C = 1 /( 2 Xc)
Series Network = Real + Imaginary
Equivalent Parallel Circuit

Equivalent Series Circuit
2.07
Length (h) 1.6 mm
Diameter (d) 1 mm
0.695048047 Inductance = 0.914015 nH
Velocity Factor
vf = 1 / Er^0.5
L = 0.2 x h x (ln(4h/d)+1)
(Rule of thumb!)
Via Inductance
TRUE/FALSE
Large 2.12 1.19 62.9
Small 1.39 1.1 60
67.7
FALSE
= 152.51799 % 1.145 FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
Large 185.5 8 FALSE
Small 50 10 Volts FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
= 26.954178 % 0.0390625 Volts FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
FALSE
197.5 HEX c FALSE
19.5 % DECIMAL = 12 FALSE
FALSE
236.0125 DECIMAL = 13 FALSE
158.9875 HEX = D 63.5333333
90 Binary 1101
9000 ppm DECIMAL = 13
90.81 DECIMAL = 12
89.19 Binary 00001100
0.63 inches Time 0.00011 sec
15.875 mm Speed = 2.997925 x 10^8 m/s
Distance = 32,977 m
32.977 km
18.70 mm Nautical Miles
0.7362205 inches
3/4 Distance 30,000 m
67/91
187/254 Time = 0.00010007 sec Nautical Miles =
Sample Standard Deviation
Standard Deviation (S) =
Use identical units in all cells
Minimum =
Maximum =
Number of Bits
Full Output
Percentage
Large as a percentage of small
Percentage
Small as a percentage of large
Mean
Maximum
Minimum
Mean =
DAC Resolution
2 Digit Fraction =
3 Digit Fraction =
1 inch = 25.4 mm
Metric Length =
Imperial Length =
I Digit Fraction =
Imperial Length
Metric Length =
Tolerance
Mean Value
Tolerance
Tolerance
Maximum =
Parts Per Million
One bit resolution =
Hexadecimal
Minimum =
Mean Value
8 Bit Binary
One bit resolution = Full Voltage / 2^nBits
Distance travelled at the speed of light
Maximum =
Minimum =
Imperial and Metric Distance
Enter Zero for all unused cells
Nautical Miles and Kilometres
Median =
X X-M^2 n
62.9 0.401111 1 Width 1.422 Radius 3.75
60 12.48444 1 Length 1.422
67.7 17.36111 1
0 0 0
0 0 0 c = 23.56194
0 0 0
0 0 0 Area = 2.022084
0 0 0 Perimeter = 5.688
0 0 0 Diameter 10.96235
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 Area 10.9623488
0 0 0 c = 34.43923
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 Width = 3.310943793 Radius 1.780762
0 0 0 Perimeter = 13.24377517
0 0 0
0 0 0
190.600000 ######## 3 a = 9.962349
Diameter 3.736
Average = a = 10.96235
Area 9.962349
Nautical Miles 24 NM Miles 60 m r = 1.780762
Kilometres = 43.80518 km Kilometres 96.56064 km
Conversion = 1.609344
Kilometres 4.000 km Kilometres 100 km
Nautical Miles = 2.191521 NM Miles 62.14 m d = 3.561524
Area & Perimeter of a Rectangle
Perimeter = 2w + 2l
Area = w x l
Width & Perimeter of Square
Width = A^0.5
Perimeter = 4 x A^0.5
d = (a / )^0.5 x 2
Area of a Circle
a = x r^2
Area of a Circle
a = x (d/2)^2
Scratch Area
Circumference of a Circle
c = 2 x x r
Circumference of a Circle
c = x d
Diameter/Radius of a Circle
r = (a / )^0.5
Sample Standard Deviation
Standard Deviation (S) =
Use identical units in all cells
3.888873016
Minimum =
Maximum =
60
62.9
63.53333333
Miles and Kilometres
Enter Zero for all unused cells
Nautical Miles and Kilometres
Median =
67.7
Opposite 3 Opposite 3
Hypotenuse 5 Angle 36.8699 degrees
Angle = 36.8699 degrees Hypotenuse = 5
Adjacent 3 Adjacent 3
Hypotenuse 5 Angle 53.1301 degrees
Angle = 53.1301 degrees Hypotenuse = 5
Opposite 3 Hypotenuse 5
Adjacent 4 Angle 36.8699 degrees
Angle = 36.8699 degrees Adjacent = 4
Hypotenuse 5 Opposite 3
Angle 53.1301 degrees Angle 36.8699 degrees
Opposite = 4 Adjacent = 4
Adjacent 4
Angle 53.1301 degrees
Opposite = 3
d = (a / )^0.5 x 2
Area of a Circle
a = x r^2
Area of a Circle
a = x (d/2)^2
Circumference of a Circle
c = 2 x x r
Circumference of a Circle
c = x d
Diameter/Radius of a Circle
r = (a / )^0.5
Sine Angle Hypotenuse from Sine
Angle = arcsine (O / H) Hypotenuse = O / sine
Tangent Angle Adjacent from Cosine
Angle = arctangent (O /A) Adjacent = H x cosine
Cosine Angle Hypotenuse from Cosine
Angle = arccosine (A / H) Hypotenuse = A / cosine
Opposite from Tangent
Opposite = A / tan
Opposite from Sine Adjacent from Tangent
Opposite = H x sine Adjacent = O / tan
Voltage 10.8
Voltage 0.666667 Volts rms Current 8.50E-08 Amps rms Current 0.202
Resistance 50 Ohms Resistance 120000 Ohms
Power = 2.1816
Current = 0.013333 Amps Power = 8.67E-10 Watts
Power = 0.008889 Watts Drop = 0.0102 Volts Voltage 10.8
Power 2.5
Current = 0.23148148
Power 1.00 Watts Power 325.00 Watts
Resistance 50 Ohms Resistance 600 Ohms
Current 0.202
Power 2.1816
Voltage = 7.071068 Volts Current = 0.73598 Amps
Voltage = 10.8
483 Turns 240 Volts rms
376 Turns
25.03 Volts rms Phase to Neutral * 3^0.5
1.1 Volts
415.69219 Volts rms
19.49 Volts rms
27.55 Volts pp
25.35 Volts dc
28 Volts
5 %
120 Ohms
36 Volts
0.28 A
0.2 Volts
0.5 Volts
TR1 hfe 80
30 C
1.66 C/W
21 C/W
29.4 Volts 26.6 Volts
TR1 Vbe 0.5 Volts TR1 Vbe 0.5 Volts
R1 0.055 A R1 0.0783333 A
R1 Voltage 6.6 Volts R1 Voltage 9.4 Volts
0.0035 A 0.0035 A
Current in R1 = (Supply Voltage - Zener Voltage) / R
TR1 base current (Ib) TR1 base current (Ib)
TR1 Therm Resistance
Heatsink Therm Res
ZD1 Max Voltage ZD1 Min Voltage
TR1 Vbe @ Ic<0.1 A
TR1 Vbe @ Ic>0.1 A
Ambient Temperature
Resistor R1
Supply Voltage
Required O/P Current
Zener Diode + Power Transistor on Heatsink, Voltage Regulation
Zener ZD1
ZD1 Voltage Tolerance
Power in Resistor Using Voltage Power in Resistor Using Current
Voltage from Watts
Current from Watts
Power in Watts
Power in Resistor into Current
Power = V^2 / R
Current = Voltage / Resistance Power = I^2 x R
Power in Resistor Into Voltage
Phase to Phase =
Volts = (W x R)^0.5
Secondary Voltage =
Bridge Output =
Secondary
Primary Voltage
Secondary Voltage =
Bridge PSU
Primary
Individual Diode Drop
V = W / I
I = W / V
Voltage Drop = I x R
3 Phase Supplies
Single Phase to Neutral
Phase to Phase =
Current = (W / R)^0.5
W = I x V
ZD1 current 0.0515 A ZD1 current 0.0748333 A
28.9 Volts 26.1 Volts
R1 0.363 Watts R1 0.7363333 Watts
ZD1 1.5141 Watts ZD1 1.9905667 Watts
TR1 Ptot 1.988 Watts TR1 Ptot 2.772 Watts
75.04808 C 92.81352 C
Output Voltage TR1 Ve Output Voltage TR1 Ve
TR1 Junction Temp TR1 Junction Temp
Volts
Amps Voltage 2 Volts pp
Voltage 7 Volts
Resistance 14.1 Ohms
Watts
Volts rms = 0.707106781 Volts Current = 0.496454 Amps
Volts
Watts
Amps
Voltage 7.07 Volts rms
Current 1.4 Amps
Resistance 96 Ohms
Amps
Watts
Volts pp = 20 Volts Voltage = 134.4 Volts
Volts
Single Phase = 115 Volts rms
Phase to Phase = Voltage 175 Volts
Single Phase x 2 Current 1.1 Amps
Phase to Phase =
230 Volts rms
Resistance = 159.0909 Ohms
24 Volts
5 %
180 Ohms
36 Volts
0.01 A
25.2 Volts 22.8
R1 0.06 A R1 0.07333333
25.2 Volts 22.8
ZD1 Min Voltage
Current in R1 = (Supply Voltage - Zener Voltage) / R, or Required Output Current
Output Voltage Output Voltage
ZD1 Max Voltage
Resistor R1
Supply Voltage
Required O/P Current
Zener Diode + Resistor, Voltage Regulation
Zener ZD1
ZD1 Voltage Tolerance
Voltage from Watts
Current from Watts
Power in Watts
V = W / I
I = W / V
3 Phase Supplies
Ohms Law Current
Current = V / R
Ohms Law Voltage rms into Peak to Peak
Peak to Peak into rms
W = I x V
Volts rms = Volts pp / 2.828
Volts pp = Volts rms x 2.828 Voltage = I x R
Ohms Law Resistance
Resistance = V / I
2 Phase Supplies
ZD1 current 0.05 A 0.06333333
0.01 A 0.01
R1 0.648 Watts R1 0.968
ZD1 1.26 Watts ZD1 1.444
ZD1 current
Output Current Output Current
Volts
A
Volts
Current in R1 = (Supply Voltage - Zener Voltage) / R, or Required Output Current
Zener Diode + Resistor, Voltage Regulation
Scratch Area
A
A
Watts
Watts
RF Frequency 10 MHz
Fundamental 10 MHz LO Frequency 2 MHz
Harmonic 24 RF Harmonic 4
LO Harmonic 4
Frequency = 240 MHz RF Harmonic = 40 MHz
LO Harmonic = 8 MHz
Harmonic 2 20 MHz Sum = 48 MHz
Harmonic 3 30 MHz Difference = 32 MHz
Harmonic 4 40 MHz
Harmonic 5 50 MHz
Harmonic 6 60 MHz
Harmonic 7 70 MHz Wavelength 0 m
Harmonic 8 80 MHz
Harmonic 9 90 MHz
Harmonic 10 100 MHz
Harmonic 11 110 MHz Frequency = 10000 Hz
Harmonic 12 120 MHz 10 KHz
Harmonic 13 130 MHz 0.01 MHz
Harmonic 14 140 MHz 0.00001 GHz
Harmonic 15 150 MHz
Harmonic 16 160 MHz
Harmonic 17 170 MHz
Harmonic 18 180 MHz
Harmonic 19 190 MHz Frequency 300000000 Hz
Harmonic 20 200 MHz
Wavelength = 1 m
Frequency 300 MHz Quarter wave = 0.25 m
Harmonic 30 MHz Quarter wave = 250 mm
Half wave = 0.5 m
Fundamental = 10 MHz Half wave = 500 mm
Short-Term Stability
Count fi
(1)
(fi(2)-fi(3)/fi(2)^2 fi
(2)
fi
(3)
n
1 892 1 0.0004 100 98 1
2 809 1 0.0004 100 98 1
3 823 1 0.0004 100 98 1
4 798 1 0.0004 100 98 1
5 671 1 0.0004 100 98 1
6 644 1 0.0004 100 98 1
7 883 1 0.0004 100 98 1
8 903 1 0.0004 100 98 1
9 677 1 0.0004 100 98 1
10 0 0 0.0004 100 98 1
11 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 0 0 0 0 0 0
13 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 0 0 0 0 0 0
Frequency to Wavelength
Spurs
Fundamental Frequency
Harmonics
Wavelength = 3 x 10^8 / F
Nominal Frequency
Frequency = Fundamental x Harmonic
Frequency = 3 x 10^8 / Wavelength
Wavelength to Frequency
(Average) (Corresponds to Allen Deviation)
15 0 0 0 0 0 0
16 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.004 10
9
788.888889
Capacitance 10 Digits Time 0.00001 Seconds
Mantissa -9 Resistance 11000 Ohms
Resistance 8300 Ohms
Time = 0.000083 s C = 0.00090909 uF
= 0.083 ms
Inductance 220 Digits
Mantissa -9
Resistance 1000 Ohms
Time = 2.2E-10 s
= 2.2E-07 ms
Nominal Frequency (fo) = 0.0141421356 Short-Term Stability () =
fi(2) and fi(3) are +ve and -ve phase transitions
Enter Zero for all unused frequencies
Use identical units in all cells
Enter Zero for all unused frequencies
Use identical units in all cells
Charging Inductor, Time
T = L / R
Charging Capacitor, Capacitance
C = T / R
Charging Capacitor, Time
T = C x R
8.2 Digits 0.3443
-9 -18.94 dBm
820 Digits -27.76 dBm
-9
Percentage Power in Measured Bandwidth =
38.1121086 %
1,940,914 Hz
= 1.94091394 MHz
5 mm Degrees 30 Degrees
4.2
Radians = 0.52359878 Radians
Vf = 0.49
Elec l = 10.25 mm Radians 1 Radians
14638.5011 MHz Degrees = 57.2957795 Degrees
1 Seconds
Mantissa -6
1000000 Hz
1 MHz
46.7 Hz
6
2.1413E-08 Seconds
0.021 us
sec Difference
n fi tifi ti ti^2 (fi-Ati-B)^2 Delta fi fi ^2
1 892 892.000000 1 1 3882.674568 -52.111111 ########
1 809 1618.000000 2 4 110.016790 30.888889 ########
1 823 2469.000000 3 9 187.994568 16.888889 ########
1 798 3192.000000 4 16 1.185679 41.888889 ########
1 671 3355.000000 5 25 ########### 168.888889 ########
1 644 3864.000000 6 36 ########### 195.888889 ########
1 883 6181.000000 7 49 ########### -43.111111 ########
1 903 7224.000000 8 64 ########### -63.111111 ########
1 677 6093.000000 9 81 5053.630123 162.888889 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Tank Circuit Resonance
Medium-Term Stability
Mantissa
Period =
Period =
Frequency =
Frequency
Mechanical Length
r
Frequency = (3 x 10^8 ) / ( Elec l x 2 )
Velocity Factor = 1 / r^0.5
Resonant Frequency =
1/(2 x Pi x SQRT(C x L))
Period
Frequency =
Frequency =
Period to Frequency to Period
Electrical Length = Mechanical Length / Vf
Stub Filter Frequency Degrees to Radians
Capacitance
Mantissa
Inductance
Mantissa
Radians to Degrees
Scratch Area
Duty Ratio
Measured Total Power (dBT)
Power in Bandwidth (dBc)
Alog ((dBc -dBT)/10) x 100
Percentage =
Frequency Coherence
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0 0 0.000000 0 0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
9 7100 34888 45 285 ########### 459.000000 ########
220 Digits 220 Digits
-9 Mantissa -6
Time 0.000083 Seconds 0.215 Amps
10 Volts
S = I / C
T = V/S
Resistance = 377.2727 Ohms 977.272727 V/s
0.01023256 s
-10.2
839.8888889
91.229450
91.486786 Residual Frequency Deviation () =
Enter Zero for all unused frequencies
Mean Slope (A) =
Ordinate at Origin of Least Squares Straight Line (B) =
Allen Deviation (y^2()) =
Use identical units in all cells
Ramp Period =
Final Voltage
R = T / C
Current
Charging Capacitor, Current Source
Capacitance Capacitance
Mantissa
Charging Capacitor, Resistance
Ramp Rate =
75 m
Frequency 1 MHz
Wavelength = 300 m
Near/Far = 37.5 m
1 Volts 1 Volts
135 Degrees 90 Degrees
1 Volts
-90 Degrees
y = A sin y = A sin
1 Volts
-1 Volts
0.707106781 Volts 0 Volts
1 Volts
0.707106781 Volts
= asin (y/A)
45 Degrees
0.0043473 m
0.690065559
0.006299836 m
3 x 10^8 m/s
Delay = 2.09995E-11 s
Delay = 0.020999454 ns
Delay = 20.99945404 ps
Er 2.1
Mechanical Length
Velocity Factor
Electrical length =
Speed of Light (c) =
Delay = L / c
Peak Voltage
Phase Angle
Instantaneous Voltage =
Near/Far = 2D^2/
Wavelength = 3 x 10^8 / F
Peak Voltage
Phase =
Sine Wave - Phase Angle
Sine Wave - Instantaneous Voltage
Instantaneous Voltage
Near/Far Field Distance
Largest Antenna Dimension
Vector Voltage Addition
Peak Voltage 1
Phase Angle 1
Instantaneous Voltage 1 =
Peak Voltage 2
Phase Angle 2
Instantaneous Voltage 2 =
Sum Voltage =
Delay
Velocity Factor
vf = 0.690065559
vf = 1 / Er^0.5
5 (N) 5
0.71 mm 3.655
3.655 mm 6.35
6.35 mm
L = N^2 x R^2
L = 0.0315 x N^2 x R^2 (9 x R) + (10 x l) uH
(6 x R) + (9 x l) + (10 x d) uH Where
Where R is the inner radius
0.143393486 uH 0.1364038
x 10^-8 5
2
Aluminium 2.6548 1.00002 1
Copper 1.678 0.999991 470
Gold 2.24 1
Nickel 6.84 600
Silver 1.586 0.99998
0.4
145000000 Hz
1.678 x10^-8 m 75.2
0.999991
5.414197115 m
Length 1000 mm
Diameter 1.5 mm
Rdc = pl/A
Rdc = 0.009495538 Ohms
Rac = p x 10^-8 x l
Skin Depth x x d
Rac = 0.000657683 Ohms/mm
Rac = 0.65768322 Ohms
R&l are in inches
Wheeler Formula (Single Layer Air Inductor)
Number of Turns (N)
Least Accurate!
Thickness (d)
Mean Radius
Coil Length (l)
Accurate
Transformer Ratio
Primary Turns
Secondary Turns
Inductance =
Relative Permeability (r)
Conductor Properties
Link from Skin Depth Cells
Inductance =
Secondary Voltage =
Secondary Impedance = Zp x Tp^2 / Ts^2
Primary Voltage
Primary Impedance
Secondary Voltage = Vp x Tp / Ts
Only usable when r >>
dc Resistance of a strait wire
Approximate ac Resistance of a strait wire
Skin Depth
Frequency
Skin Depth () =
Resistivity ()
Skin Depth () =( / ( x f x o x r)) ^0.5 m
Secondary Impedance
Wheeler Formula (Single Layer Air Inductor)
Number of Turns (N)
Coil Length (l)
Mean Radius (R)
(N) 5 (N)
mm 0.999991
mm 3.655 mm
6.35 mm
L = x x N^2 x R^2
l ( 1 + 0.4502(2R/l)) Henrys
uH 0.136757209 uH
Volts
Ohms
Volts
Ohms
Scratch Area
R&l are in inches
Inductance =
Transformer Ratio
Secondary Impedance = Zp x Tp^2 / Ts^2
Secondary Voltage = Vp x Tp / Ts
Coil Length (l)
Wheeler Formula (Single Layer Air Inductor)
Most Accurate
Relative Permeability (r)
Wheeler Formula (Single Layer Air Inductor)
Number of Turns (N)
Mean Radius (R)