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A380

TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL


MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
This document must be used for training purposes only
Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference
It will not be updated.
All rights reserved
No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form,
by photostat, microfilm, retrieval system, or any other means,
without the prior written permission of AIRBUS S.A.S.
LEVEL I - ATA 24 ELECTRICAL POWER
Electrical Power System Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Electrical System Philosophy Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
AC & DC Generation Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Electrical Power System Maintenance (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
TABLE OF CONTENTS Mar 21, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
General
The electrical system generates and distributes electrical power to aircraft
systems and can be split into two parts:
- The electrical generation system
- The electrical distribution system.
Electrical Generation
The electrical generation is split in four subsystems, which are:
- The Alternating Current (AC) normal generation,
- The Direct Current (DC) generation,
- The APU starting system.
- The AC emergency generation and STATic INVerter,
Electrical Generation
The electrical distribution feeds all aircraft electrical users with AC
and DC power through three distribution subsystems:
- The primary distribution,
- The secondary distribution,
- The emergency distribution.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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GENERAL - ELECTRICAL GENERATION & ELECTRICAL GENERATION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
Electrical generation
The entire aircraft electrical system is supplied with AC and DC power
sources.
AC normal GENERATION
In normal configuration, the entire AC network can be supplied by
three kinds of power source, which are:
- Four Variable Frequency Generators (VFGs),
- Or two Auxiliary Power Unit Generators (APU GENs),
- Or four Ground Power Units (GPUs).
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL GENERATION - AC NORMAL GENERATION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
Electrical generation (continued)
DC GENERATION
In normal Configuration, the entire DC network is supplied from the
AC network via:
- Three Battery Charge Rectifier Units (BCRUs),
- And three main BATteries (BATs).
In abnormal configuration, part of the DC network can be supplied
from the AC network via a Transformer Rectifier (TR).
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL GENERATION - DC GENERATION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
Electrical generation (continued)
APU STARTING SYSTEM
The APU needs DC electrical power to start up. The APU starting
system is a part of the DC network dedicated to the APU starting and
is supplied via:
- The APU TR,
- Or the APU BAT.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL GENERATION - APU STARTING SYSTEM
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
Electrical generation (continued)
AC eMERGENCY GENERATION and static inverter
In electrical emergency configuration, the supply of the electrical
loads essential for flying is recovered from the electrical Ram Air
Turbine (RAT). When no AC power source is available, part of the
AC network can be supplied by the STAtic INVerter.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL GENERATION - AC EMERGENCY GENERATION AND STATIC INVERTER
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION
The electrical distributing system allows distribution of AC and DC
electrical power to the various electrical loads according to the availability
of the power source. It also performs network protection and
reconfiguration. The electrical distributing system is split in 3 subsystems:
- A primary distribution done by the Primary Electrical Power Distribution
Center (PEPDC),
- A secondary distribution done by the Secondary Electrical Power
Distribution centers (SEPDCs) and the Secondary Power Distribution
Boxes (SPDBs),
- An emergency distribution released by the Emergency Power Center.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
Control and indicating
The control and indicating of the electrical power system is composed
of:
- An ELECtrical panel located on the overhead panel,
- A BATtery maintenance panel,
- An EMERgency ELECtrical PoWeR panel,
- An AC ELECtrical ECAM page,
- A DC ELECtrical ECAM page.
Note that the C/B statuses are presented on the ECAM C/B page.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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CONTROL AND INDICATING
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION
General
The basic core functions of the electrical system allow:
- To generate electrical power in all aircraft configurations thanks to the
electrical generation system,
- And to distribute this electrical power to the aircraft electrical loads
through the electrical distribution system.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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GENERAL
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION
Electrical Generation
The electrical generation system is split into an Alternating Current (AC)
and a Direct Current (DC) generation.
AC Generation
The AC generation is divided into a normal and an emergency
electrical generation. It delivers 115 Volts Alternating Current (VAC)
associated either to a variable or a fix frequency.
Variable Frequency:
The variable frequency technology has been chosen to respond to
reliability and weight saving requirements related to the four main
generators called Variable Frequency Generators (VFGs). Note that
the VFGs can be installed on both engine versions. The emergency
generator is no longer a Constant Speed Motor / Generator (CSM/G)
but a variable frequency Ram Air Turbine (RAT) generator. Note that
the variable frequency rectification is done inside each system through
technologies, which are dependent on the equipment.
Fixed Frequency:
The fix frequency generation is provided by:
- Up to four Ground Power Units (GPUs) and two APU Generators
(APU GENs) which are part of the AC normal generation,
- The Static Inverter (STAT INV) used when no AC power source is
available.
DC Generation
DC generation delivers 28 Volts Direct Current (VDC). The DC
generation is divided into a normal DC generation and a specific APU
starting system. The normal DC generation, which is split into a DC
main, essential and battery generation, is made up of:
- Three Battery Charge Rectifier Units (BCRUs),
- A Transformer Rectifier (TR),
- And three Batteries.
Note that DC ESSential and battery generation is also used in electrical
emergency configuration or when no AC power source is available.
The APU starting system has a dedicated TR and a dedicated battery.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL GENERATION - AC GENERATION & DC GENERATION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION
Electrical Distribution Layout Principle
The electrical distribution system is segregated into:
- A main distribution system,
- An emergency distribution system.
This segregation enables in case of total loss of the normal generation to
keep supplied, through the emergency distribution, the electrical loads
essential to complete flight and to perform a safe landing.
The main distribution system is composed of two distribution subsystems
in order to segregate the high power loads supply from the low power
loads supply. These two distribution systems are called:
- The primary distribution system,
- The secondary distribution system,
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION LAYOUT PRINCIPLE
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION
Electrical Distribution Layout Principle (continued)
Primary Distribution
The primary distribution is done by the Primary Electrical Power
Distribution Center (PEPDC). The PEPDC is split into side 1 and side
2 to make a redundant and segregated normal electrical supply. The
PEPDC contains the main electrical network components for power
distribution, network management, and the associated electrical
protective devices. It manages power transfers from AC and DC
generation sources to:
- The secondary distribution system
- The emergency distribution system
- And directly to the heavy loads of the aircraft.
Notice that the heavy loads are electrical loads consuming above 15A.
Secondary Distribution
The secondary distribution is done by two Secondary Electrical Power
Distribution Centers (SEPDCs) (one for side1 and one for side 2) and
eight Secondary Power Distribution Boxes (SPDBs). The SEPDCs
and SPDBs contain electrical protective devices.
- Six SPDB's are installed in the cabin and transfer electrical power
from the PEPDC to the cabin commercial loads. The two other SPDB's
are installed in the lower deck and transfer electrical power from
PEPDC to the cabin and cargo commercial loads.
- The two SEPDCs transfer electrical power from PEPDC to technical
loads.
Notice that loads powered by the secondary distribution are loads
consuming less than or 15A maximum.
Emergency Distribution
The emergency distribution is done by the Emergency Power Center.
This center contains the emergency electrical network components
for power distribution and the associated protective devices. The
emergency distribution transfers AC and DC electrical power from
the primary distribution to the essential loads. The essential loads
keep the aircraft vital organs supplied in order to fly and land safely.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION LAYOUT PRINCIPLE - PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION ... EMERGENCY DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION
Electrical Distribution Monitoring and Management
To distribute safely the electrical power, two applications, the Circuit
Breaker Monitoring (CBM) application and the Electrical Load
Management (ELM) application, monitor and manage the entire electrical
distribution network. These applications are hosted in two Core Processing
Input/Output Modules (CPIOM) dedicated to the electrical system: the
CPIOM-E1 and the CPIOM-E2.
CBM Application
The CBM application monitors the status of all different protective
devices of the aircraft and sends a status message to the cockpit when
any protective device has tripped.
ELM Application
The ELM application makes an optimum use of the electrical loads
within the limit of the power sources. For that, the ELM application
receives the status of all power sources. In case of an overload, it
sheds most of the loads through the main and emergency distribution
systems. Electrical loads are reconnected when enough power is
available on the power sources.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT - CBM APPLICATION & ELM APPLICATION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION
Power Distribution Maintenance Interface (PDMI)
The Power Distribution Maintenance Interface (PDMI) allows the
maintenance crew, monitor and control (open, secure, tag and close) the
various remote protective devices installed in the PEPDC, the SEPDC,
the SPDB and the Emergency Power Center. The PDMI functions are
achieved by 2 Power Distribution Maintenance Computers (PDMCs),
which communicate with the electrical distribution systems, and by two
Power Distribution Control System (PDCS) applications hosted in the
Onboard Maintenance System (OMS). These applications receive
information from the active PDMC and display the status of the various
monitored protective devices on the Onboard Maintenance Terminal
(OMT), On-board Information Terminal (OIT) and Portable Maintenance
Access Terminal (PMAT). In turn, it sends terminals orders to the
PDMCs.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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POWER DISTRIBUTION MAINTENANCE INTERFACE (PDMI)
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PHILOSOPHY PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
General
The basic core functions of the electrical power system are to generate,
in all conditions, the electrical power required by the electrical loads. An
AC generation and a DC generation systems backed up by the battery
DC generation fulfill this power generation function. Note that dedicated
control units manage the power quality and the protection of the power
sources and the network. The electrical power system also distributes
this electrical power, to all of the systems that require electrical power,
through an AC network and a DC network in normal operating conditions.
These networks include an emergency network, still supplied in electrical
emergency configuration, to maintain power to the essential loads
necessary to complete the flight. For redundancy reasons, the electrical
power system is segregated in a side 1 and a side 2. It provides also to
cockpit crew normal and emergency controls and indicating.
At last, the electrical power system has a dedicated APU network,
enabling to start the APU turbine.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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GENERAL
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
AC Main Generation
The AC main generation is used in normal electrical configuration to
power the electrical network in flight or on ground when the engines are
running. The AC main generation is given by four Variable Frequency
Generators (VFGs).
Main Generators
Each VFG is a generator with a variable frequency output. Each engine
mechanically drives its related generator. It is rated to a power of 150
KVA and delivers on 3 phases a voltage of 115 VAC over a frequency
range of 370 to 770 Hz.
Note that, all the VFGs are identical and interchangeable and they
can be installed on both engine versions.
Generator Control Unit
To maintain the output within the design limits, each VFG is
monitored, controlled and protected by its relative Generator and
Ground Power Control Unit (GGPCU). The main functions of the
GGPCU are:
o Voltage regulation,
o Connection an disconnection to the network,
o Generator and the electrical network protection,
o Data transmission to other systems.
o BITE function
Notice that all the GGPCUs are identical and interchangeable.
Control and Indicating
Two pushbutton switches located on the overhead ELECtrical panel
control each VFG.
o The DRIVE pushbutton switches are used for the mechanical
disconnection of their associated VFGs.
o The GENerator pushbutton switches are used for the electrical
connection and disconnection of their related generators to and from
the network.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC MAIN GENERATION - MAIN GENERATORS ... CONTROL AND INDICATING
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
AC Main Generation (continued)
Distribution
The AC power delivered by the 4 VFGs is distributed to 4 main
networks part of the AC distribution network. In normal configuration
when all the engines are running, each VFG supplies its related
network as follows:
- VFG 1 supplies AC network 1, which transfers AC power to the AC
ESSential network
- VFG 2 supplies AC network 2,
- VFG 3 supplies AC network 3,
- VFG 4 supplies AC network 4, which offers a backup supply to the
AC ESS network.
If one or several VFGs are not available, the transfer circuit
reconfigures the AC distribution network supply to keep it powered.
Note that 3 VFGs are necessary to power the entire electrical network
including the galleys. Note also that the 4 AC main networks are part
of the primary distribution while the AC ESS network is part of the
emergency distribution.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC MAIN GENERATION - DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
AC Auxiliary Generation
The AC auxiliary generation can be used on ground or in flight to power
the electrical network if a Ground Power Unit (GPU) or a VFG is not
available. The AC auxiliary generation is given by two APU GENerators:
the APU GEN A and the APU GEN B.
Auxiliary Generators
Both APU GENs are mechanically driven at a constant speed by the
APU. Each generator is rated to a power of 120 KVA and delivers on
3 phases a voltage of 115 VAC with a constant frequency of 400 Hz.
Note that APU generator and VFGs are not interchangeable.
Generator Control Unit
Two GGPCUs control and monitor the output of the APU generators
to ensure their outputs are within design limits. Respectively, the
GGPCU 5 manages the APU GEN A and the GGPCU 6 manages the
APU GEN B. For the AC auxiliary generation, the GGPCUs fulfill
the following functions:
o Voltage regulation,
o Connection and disconnection to the network,
o APU GEN and the electrical network protection,
o Data transmission to other systems,
o BITE function.
Note that these two GGPCUs are identical and interchangeable with
the VFG GGPCU's.
Control and Indicating
The APU GEN P/B SW installed on the overhead ELECtrical panel
controls each APU generator. The APU GEN P/B SWs are used for
the electrical connection and disconnection of the related APU
generator to and from the network.
Distribution
Each APU Generator has the ability to power its related side of the
AC distribution network through the transfer circuit as follows:
- The APU GEN A supplies the AC network 1 and 2,
- The APU GEN B supplies the AC network 3 and 4.
The transfer circuit does the reconfiguration according to the sources
availability and segregation between side 1 and 2 when both APU
generators are connected at the same time.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC AUXILIARY GENERATION - AUXILIARY GENERATORS ... DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
AC External Power
The AC external power can be used on ground to supply the whole
electrical network if VFGs are not available. It can also supply part of
this network for ground servicing. The AC external power can be supplied
by up to four GPUs.
Ground Power Unit (GPU)
The four GPUs can be connected to the aircraft through four external
electrical power plugs installed behind the nose landing gear. Each
plug accepts a power of 90 KVA with a voltage of 115 VAC and a
constant frequency of 400 Hz, delivered on 3 phases.
There are two kinds of GPU that can be connected:
- The conventional GPUs delivering a power of 90KVA on one output,
- The GPUs delivering a power of 180KVA on two outputs of 90
KVA each. Note that this kind of GPU can feed two out of the four
aircraft electrical plugs with a single unit.
Ground Power Control Unit
As for the VFGs and the APU GENs, the quality of the electrical
power delivered by each GPU is monitored by its relative GGPCU.
Note that the four GGPCUs monitoring and protecting the external
power are the same ones that manage the four VFGs:
o GGPCU 1 manages the VFG 1 and the EXT PWR 1,
o GGPCU 2 manages the VFG 2 and the EXT PWR 2,
o GGPCU 3 manages the VFG 3 and the EXT PWR 3,
o GGPCU 4 manages the VFG 4 and the EXT PWR 4.
For the EXT PWR, the GGPCUs fulfill the following functions:
o Connection and disconnection to the network,
o Electrical network protection,
o Data transmission to other systems,
o BITE function.
Control and Indicating
An EXT P/B SW installed on the overhead ELEC panel controls each
EXT PWR. The P/B SWs are used to monitor the GPU status
(available or not) and control the electrical connection and
disconnection of the related GPU to and from the AC network.
Normal Supply
When all parameters are within the design feature limits, and an EXT
P/B SW is pressed in, the associated GPU supplies directly its relative
AC main network. The entire AC distribution network including all
galleys can be supplied either by four conventional 90 KVA GPUs
or by two 180 KVA GPUs. If only 2 conventional GPUs or a single
180 KVA GPU is connected, the whole aircraft systems are powered
except the galleys.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC EXTERNAL POWER - GROUND POWER UNIT (GPU) ... NORMAL SUPPLY
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
DC Main and Essential Generation
The DC main and essential generation is used in normal electrical
configuration to power the whole DC electrical network in flight or on
ground as soon as the AC distribution network is powered. In addition,
the DC essential generation is also used in electrical emergency
configuration to supply part of the DC network. The DC main generation
is composed of two Battery Charge Rectifier Units (BCRUs) and one
Transformer Rectifier (TR) while the DC essential generation is done by
one BCRU.
Battery Charge Rectifier Unit (BCRU)
There are three identical BCRUs to supply the DC network: BCRU
1, BCRU 2 and BCRU ESS. Each BCRU gathers together in a single
unit a 115 VAC / 28 VDC converter delivering 300A and a battery
charge limiter. Supplied by the AC network, the BCRU fulfills:
o The regulation of the delivered DC voltage,
o The control and the protection of its own operation and of the
associated battery,
o The data transmission to other systems,
o The Bite function.
Transformer Rectifier (TR)
The TR 2 is used as a backup of the BCRU 2. It ensures through
different technology the same functions as the BCRUs except for the
management of the battery control and the regulation of the delivered
DC voltage. When supplied by the AC network, the TR2 transforms
the 115 VAC into a 28 VDC unregulated voltage with a power of
300A.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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DC MAIN AND ESSENTIAL GENERATION - BATTERY CHARGE RECTIFIER UNIT (BCRU) & TRANSFORMER RECTIFIER (TR)
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
DC Main and Essential Generation (continued)
Distribution
The BCRU 1, powered by the AC NETWORK 2, supplies the side 1
of the DC network called DC NETWORK 1. In normal configuration,
the BCRU 2, powered by AC NETWORK 3, supplies the side 2 of
the DC network called DC NETWORK 2. In case of loss of BCRU
2, the TR 2 takes over the supply of the DC NETWORK 2. The BCRU
ESS, powered by AC ESS NETWORK, supplies the DC ESS
NETWORK. Note that the DC NETWORK 1 and 2 are part of the
primary distribution, and the DC ESSENTIAL NETWORK is part of
the EMERGENCY distribution.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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DC MAIN AND ESSENTIAL GENERATION - DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
Battery DC Generation
The battery DC generation keeps on supplying DC electrical power in
case of AC and/or DC power cut off in case of power source
reconfiguration or in emergency conditions and for specific operations
on ground like refueling.
Batteries
There are three identical and interchangeable batteries:
o Two main batteries, BAT 1 and BAT 2,
o One BAT ESS.
Each battery has a nominal capacity of 50 Ah and delivers 28 VDC.
Battery Charge Control
The BCRUs control the charge of the batteries. Each BCRU monitors
and protects its relative battery and manages its connection to the DC
network. In case of loss of the BCRU 2, the TR2 connects the BAT
2 to the DC NETWORK 2 and protects it.
Note that TR 2 carries out the same functions for its associated battery.
Control and Indicating
There is one BAT P/B SW for each battery. It is used for manual
connection and disconnection of the related battery to and from the
DC network.
Distribution
In normal configuration, all batteries are permanently connected to
the DC network in parallel with their related BCRU. This configuration
maintains DC supply during BCRUs power loss induced by the AC
sources reconfiguration. This is called the No Break Power Transfer
(NBPT) function only available on the DC network. In normal
configuration, the BAT 1 is connected to the DC NETWORK 1, the
BAT 2 is connected to the DC NETWORK 2, the BAT ESS is
connected to the DC ESS NETWORK. Note that on battery only, the
BAT 1 is also used to supply the DC essential network.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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BATTERY DC GENERATION - BATTERIES ... DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
APU Starting System
The APU STARTING system is a DC electrical network. This network
lets the APU be started on ground or in flight with or without AC sources.
This network can be supplied either from the AC NETWORK 4 via the
APU TR or directly from the APU BAT but not from both at the same
time.
APU TR and APU Battery
The APU TR is identical and interchangeable with the TR 2 and
supplies a power of 300 A. In addition, the APU BAT is identical and
interchangeable with the three other batteries (capacity of 50 Ah).
The APU TR fulfills the APU BAT management. Note that APU TR
and APU BAT are dedicated sources and cannot be connected to the
DC network.
Control and Indicating
The APU BAT P/B SW is used for manual connection and
disconnection of the APU battery to and from the DC network.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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APU STARTING SYSTEM - APU TR AND APU BATTERY & CONTROL AND INDICATING
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
Service Bus Supply
The AC and DC electrical distribution networks include a ground service
network supplying loads used to do the ground servicing without powering
the whole aircraft network. This ground service network can be supplied
either by the electrical network when it is powered (normal supply) or
on ground directly from the EXT PWR 1 connection when the GrouND
SerViCE ConTroL (GND SVCE CTL) switch is set to ON. Note that in
the second case, the main AC and DC networks are not supplied.
The GND SVCE CTL switch is located near the main-deck cabin door
M1L.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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SERVICE BUS SUPPLY
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
Static Inverter AC Generation
The STATic INVerter AC generation supplies AC power when only
batteries are available either on ground or in flight in emergency electrical
configuration.
Static Inverter
The STAT INV transforms the DC voltage from the BAT 1 and from
the BAT ESS into a single phase 115 VAC 400 Hz output supply.
The nominal power rate of the STAT INV is 2.5 KVA.
Distribution
When there is no AC power available and provided the BAT 1 and
BAT ESS are active, the STAT INV supplies automatically part of
the AC ESS network. Note that in this configuration, the DC ESS
network is supplied directly from the BAT 1 and from the BAT ESS.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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STATIC INVERTER AC GENERATION - STATIC INVERTER & DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
AC Emergency Generation
The AC emergency generation is used in electrical emergency
configuration to keep the feeding of the essential loads necessary to
complete the flight and to make a safe landing.
Emergency Generator
An EMERgency GENerator (EMER GEN) mechanically driven by
the RAT gives the AC emergency generation. The EMER GEN is
rated to a power of 70 KVA and delivers on 3 phases a voltage of 115
VAC over a frequency range of 370 to 800 Hz.
Generator Control Unit
A Generator Control Unit (GCU) controls the EMER GEN.
The GCU manages the EMER GEN for the following functions:
o Voltage regulation,
o Control of connection and the disconnection to the network,
o Protection of the generator and of the network,
o Data transmission to other systems,
o BITE function.
Control and Indicating
The RAT extends automatically in electrical emergency configuration
(Total Engine Flame Out (TEFO) or Loss of Main Electrical System
(LMES)). If not, the RAT MAN ON P/B SW located on the EMER
ELEC PWR panel forces the RAT to extend. Note that in case of
emergency generator shutdown due to a failure, the EMER GEN
FAULT comes on red. The STOW panel located in the belly fairing,
is dedicated to maintenance and is used to stow the RAT on ground
whatever the reason of the deployment (emergency and inadvertent
operation or test).
Distribution
When the RAT is extended, the EMER GEN supplies directly the AC
ESS NETWORK. In this configuration, the DC ESS NETWORK is
supplied in parallel with the BCRU ESS, the BAT ESS and the BAT
1.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC EMERGENCY GENERATION - EMERGENCY GENERATOR ... DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION
Electrical Network Overview
Here is an overview of the entire electrical power network.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL NETWORK OVERVIEW
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
AC & DC GENERATION PRESENTATION Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1)
Electrical Power System Safety Items
Here is an overview of main safety precautions relative to the electrical
system. First of all, make sure that you obey all the Aircraft Maintenance
Manual (AMM) safety procedures and precautions to prevent injury to
persons and/or damage to the aircraft.
Due to the high voltage on the electrical system, make sure that the
electrical sources are disconnected and make sure that you ground and
bond the aircraft to avoid electrostatic damage.
Before starting maintenances operations, make sure that all the safety
devices and all the warning notices are put in place. Make sure also that
the working zone is secured.
Related to the aircraft dimensions, certain maintenance tasks will be
performed on high working area. Thus, use a harness connected to the
dedicated attachment points on the aircraft for safety reasons.
When you work on a Variable Frequency Generator (VFG), an APU or
any other device, be aware of the hot temperature which can injure you.
Depending on the maintenance task to perform and the component's
weight, specific tooling required must be used.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1) Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM SAFETY ITEMS
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1) Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1)
Electrical Power System Ground Support Equipments
The electrical maintenance tasks require some Ground Support
Equipments (GSE's).
The Main GSEs used for the electrical maintenance are:
- The engine oil filling up is used to top up the oil level of the VFG.
- The pulley lift is used to perform the battery removal or installation via
the access door located behind the nose landing gear.
- The Ground Power Unit (GPU), with two output plugs, delivering 180
KVA is used to supply two external power plugs.
- The cable holding strap is used to secure the GPU plug to the aircraft.
- The safety pin of the Ram Air Turbine (RAT) is a safety device
necessary to prevent inadvertent deployment of the RAT on ground during
servicing or maintenance.
- Use the RAT ground test tool to check that the turbine works properly.
Refer to the AMM for the tasks. Also, refer to the illustrated Tool and
Equipment Manual (TEM) for the complete list of tools.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1) Mar 15, 2006
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ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENTS
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 24 Electrical Power
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM MAINTENANCE (1) Mar 15, 2006
Page 57
A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
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AIRBUS S.A.S.
31707 BLAGNAC cedex, FRANCE
STM
REFERENCE L0Y06082
MARCH 2006
PRINTED IN FRANCE
AIRBUS S.A.S. 2006
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
AN EADS JOINT COMPANY
WITH BAE SYSTEMS

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