Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!

Desig n of an Ind u stria l Truss

L0
L1 L2 L3 L4 L5
L6
U1
U2
U3
U4
U5
2
4
'
-
0
"
Ridge
Sagrod
Roofing
"le#ation o$ the %russ
6@20' = 120'-0"
.
Top cord Braching
Sagrod
Parlin at top, Bottom ord !raching at !ottom
"e#ign Tr$##
ol$mn
2
@
3
0
'
=
6
0
"
-
0
"
Building &lan

1
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
Total Span of the Truss = 6@2 0 = 120 , Total Height of the Truss = 24 , Spacing = 30
Pitch Angle = tan
1
24!60" = 21#$0
%ea& 'oa&s( )oofing = 2 psf, Purlins = 1#* psf, Sagro&s + ,racings = 1 psf
,asic -in& Spee& . = 120 /ph
0aterial Properties( f
c
= 3 1si, f
2
= 40 1si
1. Design of Purlins and Sag rods
Purlin length = Spacing of truss = 30
D ea d L o a d :
34 Sheet roofing = 2#0 psf, Self 5eight of Purlins = 1#* psf Total 'oa& = 3#* psf
Purlin Spacing S
p
= 'ength of Top 6or& 7
1
7
2
= 820
2
+ 24!3"
2
9 = 21#*4
7%' on purlins, 5
%'
= 3#* S
p
= :*#3; l<!ft
5
%'=
= 5
%'
sin = 2$ l<!ft, 5
%'2
= 5
%'
cos = :0 l<!ft
- in& ' o a &(
,asic 5in& spee&, . = 120 /ph
,asic 5in& pressure, > = 0#002*6 .
2
= 0#002*6 ? 120
2
= 36#$6 psf
-in& pressure for 5in&5ar& surface, p = @0#:>, for 0 A A 20
p = 0#0: @2#1">, for 20 A A 30
p = 0#03@0#;">, for 30 A A 60
p = 0#;>, for 60 A A ;0BBB#B1#1a"C&""
-in& pressure for lee5ar& surface, p = @0#:>, for an2 Dalue of BB###BBBB#1#2"
Here, pitch angle = tan
1
24!60" = 21#$0 E i#e#, 20 A A 30
-in& pressure for 5in&5ar& surface, p
--
= 0#0:?21#$0 2#1"?36#$6 = 21#16 psf
-in& pressure for lee5ar& surface, p
'-
= 0#:?36#$6 = 2*#$0 psf
7%' on 5in&5ar& surface, 5
--
= 21#16 S
p
= 4**#:2 l<!ff
2
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
7%' on lee5ar& surface, 5
'-
= 2*#$0 S
p
= ***#$* l<!ff
2 2 2
5
--
= 4**#:2 l<!ft 5
'-
= ***#$* l<!ft
21#$0 5
%'=
= 2$ l<!ft
5
%'
5
%'2
= :0 l<!ft
%ea& 'oa& -in&5ar& 5in& 'oa& 'ee5ar& -in& 'oa&
L o a d Co m bination and Bia x ial B e nding:
4t is clear fro/ the prece&ing anal2ses that lee5ar& si&e is /ore critical for 5in& loa&ing#
Therefore, the co/<ination of &ea& loa& an& lee5ar& 5in& loa& proDi&es the goDerning &esign
con&ition for purlins#
2
-2=4$*#$*i<!ft
-==2$l<!ft
=
6o/<ine& 7%' in 2@&irection, 5
2
= 4$*#$* l<!ft
6o/<ine& 7%' in =@&irection, 5
=
= 2$ l<!ft
Span of the purlin is S
t
= 30
4t is si/pl2 supporte& in 2@&irection

0
===5
2
S
2
!$ = *4#66 1 = 6**#;0 1, at /i& span
%ue to sag ro&, it is 2@span continuous in =@&irection
0
22
= 5
=
S
2
!32 = 0#:; 1 = ;#4* 1 , also at /i& span
Design o f Purlins:
The a<solute /a=i/u/ tensile!co/pressiDe &ue to <ia=ial <en&ing is
FF
= 0
==
!S
==
+ 0
22
!S
22
= 6**#;0!S
==
+ ;#4*!S
22
BBBBBBBB#1#3"
5here S
==
an& S
22
are the section /o&uli a<out the =@ an& 2@a=es#
Allo5a<le <en&ing stress f
<
= 0#66 f
2
= 26#41si
T a <le 1#1( 6 a lcul a ti on f o r G pt i /u/ P u rli n S ec ti on
Section
S
xx
(in
3
S
!!
(in
3

""
(#si
f
b
(#si Comments
634#1 1#10 0#202 643#06 7se /uch larger section
3
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
26#4 61230 2:#0 2#06 2$#$$ 7se slightl2 larger section
61*33#; 42#0 3#11 1$#66 GH
The section 61* 33#; is chosen as the opti/u/ purlin section
Self 5eight of purlin = 33#; l<!ft, i#e#, 33#;!21#*4 = 1#*: psf assu/e& 1#* psf, GH#
D e si g n o f S a g rods:
The /a=i/u/ a=ial force in the sag ro&s = *!$" 5
%'=
S = *!$" 2$ 30 = *2* l< = 0#*2*1
The /ini/u/ siFe of the sag ro&s = 3!$
Allo5ing 1!16 re&uction for <olt threa&s, the ro& area = 3!$ 1!16"
2
!4 = 0#0:: in
2

0a=i/u/ stress = 0#*2*!0#0:: = 6#$4 1si Allo5a<le f

s
= 20 1si
The sag ro& is chosen to haDe 3!$ @&ia/eter, the 5eight of sag ro&s an& <racings shoul& <e
5ithin the assu/e& li/it of 1#0 psf#
$. Calculation of Point Dead Load% &ind Load and Truss 'nal!sis
4n this section, the unifor/l2 &istri<ute& loa&s fro/ the roof as 5ell as fro/ the 5in& are
concentrate& on the truss Ioints for su<se>uent anal2ses#
C a lcul a t i on of P oint D e a d L o a d:
Total roof loa& inclu&ing roofing, purlins, sag ro&s an& <racings = 2#0 + 1#* + 1#0 = 4#* psf
Purlin Spacing S
p
= 21#*4 , Truss Spacing S
t
= 30
6oncentrate& roof loa&s on truss Ioints = 4#* S
p
S
t
!1000 = 2#;1 1ips#
Assu/e& self@5eight of truss = 100 l<!ft = 0#10 1!ft of horiFontal span, to <e e>uall2 &iDi&e&
a/ong the top an& <otto/ cor&s#
6oncentrate& self@5eight on truss Ioints = 0#10 20!2 = 1#00 1ips
%ea& loa& on top Ioints, P
top
= 2#;1 + 1#00 = 3#;1 1ips, an& on <otto/ Ioints, P
<ot
= 1#00 1ips#
Total &ea& loa& on en& Ioints, P
en&
= 2#;1!2 + 1#00 = 2#4* 1ips#
4
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
L0
L1 L2 L3 L4
L5
L6
U1
U3
U4
U5
oncertrated dead load# at tr$## %oint#
U2
2&45'
3&(1'
2&45'
3&(1'
3&(1'
3&(1'
3&(1'
1&00' 1&00' 1&00' 1&00'
)
1
=)
2
= Kips :3 14
2
* 1 * ;1 3 2 4* 2
&
& &
=
+ +
(ointL
)
* L
+
:
L0
2&45'
14&)3'
*L0U1#in 21&+0
*L0U1co# 21&+0
*L0U1
L0L1
0* # 33
0 4* # 2 $0 # 21 sin J :3 # 14
0 f2
1 0
'o71
=
= +
=
U L
F
6; # 30
0 $ # 21 cos
0
1 0
1 1 0
=
= +
=

L L
LoU L L
F
F F
Fx
*
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
(oint ,1 * ,-
U1
3&(1'
U1L1
*U1U2#in 21&+0
*U1U2co# 21&+0
*U1U2
*L0U1co# 21&+0
*L0U1
*L0U1#in 21&+0 *U1L2#in 21&+0
*U1L2 co# 21&+0
*U1U2
" $2 # 1;
$0 # 21 sin
36 # :
$ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin
0 $ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin " 0* # 33 ;1 # 3 1 $ # 21 sin
0 $ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin ;1 # 3 $0 # 21 sin J
0 f2
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
1 0 1 1 7172
i F F
F
F
F
F
F
F F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U
U U
L U
U L L U
=
=
=

=

=

43 # 26 $2 # 1; 61 # 6 $2 # 1;
61 # 6
2$ # 12 $0 # 21 2
0 $ # 21 " 0* # 33
$ # 21 " $2 # 1; $ # 21
0 $ # 21 $ # 21 cos $ # 21
0
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1 2 1
1 0 2 1 2 1
= = =
=
=
=
+
= +
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U L U
U L L U U U
F F
F
COS F
COS
COS F F COS
COS F F COS F
Fx
(oint : L
1
* L
-
L1L2
L1
1
*L0L1
*L1U1
6; # 30
0 6; # 30
0
0 f=
1 J
0 J 1
0 f2
2 1
2 1
2 1 1 0
'171
'171
=
= +
= +
=
=
=
=

L L
L L
L L L L
F
F
F F
L2 L3
U2
20,-0.
1
6
,
-
0
.
66 # 3$
20
16
tan
1
= = =

6
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
(oint L
$
* L
.
:
L2
1
L2L3 *L1L2
*L2U2
*U1L2co#21&+
*U1L2#in21&+
*U1L2
** # 24
0 6; # 30 " $ # 21 cos 61 # 6
0 $ # 21 cos
0 f=
4* # 3 J
0 1 " $ # 21 sin 61 # 6 J
0 1 $ # 21 sin J J
0 f2
3 2
3 2
2 1 2 1 3 2
72'2
72'2
71'2 72'2
=
= =
=
=
=
= + =
= +
=

L L
L L
L U L L L L
F
F
F F F
(oint ,
$
* ,
.
:
U2
3&(1'
*U2U3co# 21&+0
*U2U3
U1U2 co# 21&+0
*U1U2
*U1U1#in 21&+0 *U2L3#in 3+&66
*U2L3 co# 3+&66
*U2L3
*U2L2
*U2U3co# 21&+0
" 61 # 6 6$ # 1
$0 # 21 sin
46 # 24
$ # 21 sin
66 # 3$ sin
0 $ # 21 sin
" $ # 21 sin 43 # 26 4* # 3 ;1 # 3 $ # 21 sin
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin ;1 # 3 $0 # 21 sin J
0 f2
3 2 3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
2 1 2 2 7273
i F F
F
F
F
F
F
F F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U
U U
L U
U U L U
=
=
=

=

=

$1 # 1; 61 # 6 " $6 # : 6$ # 1 61 # 6 6$ # 1
$6 # :
40 # 1$ 34 # 2
0 " $ # 21 43 # 26 66 # 3$ " 61 # 6 6$ # 1 $ # 21
0 $ # 21 66 # 3$ cos $ # 21
0
3 2 3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2 3 2
2 1 3 2 3 2
= = =
=
=
= +
= +
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U L U
U U L U U U
F F
F
F
COS COS F F COS
COS F F COS F
Fx
(oint /L3
L3
1
*L2L3
*U3L3
*U2L3co#3+&66
*U2L3#in3+&66
*U2L3 *U4L3
*U4L3#in3+&66
*L3L4
*U4L3co#3+&66
$2 # 10 J
0 " $ # 21 sin $6 # : " $ # 21 sin $6 # : 1 J
0 66 # 3$ sin J 66 # 3$ sin J 1 J
0 f2
73'3
73'3
74'3 72'3 73'3
=
= =
= + +
=

:
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
L0
L1 L2 L3 L4
L5
L6
U1
U3
U4
U5
/em!er force# and #$pport reaction# 0'ip#1 de$ to dead load#
U2
-3
3
&0
5
14&)3
30&6(
-4
6
&4
3
-
6
&
6
1
3&45
1&00
30&6( 24&55
-1
(
&+
1
-
)
&
+
6
-3
3
&0
5
30&6(
-4
6
&4
3
-
6
&
6
1
3&45
1&00
30&6( 24&55
-1
(
&+
1
-
)
&
+
6
14&)3
10&+2
& ind L o a d :
As calculate& in the &esign of purlins an& sag ro&s,
-in& pressure for 5in&5ar& surface = 21#16 psf, an& for lee5ar& surface = 2*#$0 psf
6oncentrate& loa& suction" on 5in&5ar& surface, P
--
= 21#16S
p
S
t
!1000 = 13#6: 1ip
6oncentrate& loa& suction" on lee5ar& surface, P
'-
= 2*#$0 S
p
S
t
!1000 = 16#6$ 1ips
These are halDe& at en& IointsE i#e#, P
--en&"
= 6#$4 1ips, an& P
'-en&"
= $#34 1ips#
L0
L1 L2 L3 L4 L5
L6
U1
U2
U3
U4
U5
oncentrated 2ind 0 1 load# at tr$## %oint#
6&+4'
13&6)'
13&6)'
6&+4'
+&34'
16&6+)'
16&6+)'
+&34'
R1340&50 R2344&02
4ind
3&34
$
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
*0 # 40 02 # 44 *2 # $4 1
" 36 # 44 02 # 44
$ # 21 cos 34 # $ 120 $ # 21 cos 100
$ # 21 cos 6$ # 16 $0 $ # 21 cos 1$ # 1* 60 $ # 21 cos 6: # 13 40 $ # 21 cos 6: # 13 20 120 0 1
0
" *2 # $4 ** # $4
2
$ # 21 cos 6: # 16 2 $ # 21 cos 34 # $ 2 $ # 21 cos 6: # 13 2 $ # 21 cos 6$ # 6 2
2 1
2
2
= =
=
+ +
+ + + = +
=
=
+ + +
= +

R
R
R R
Fy
R R
Koint '0(
L0
6&+4#in 21&+0
53&34
40&50
*L0U1co# 21&+0
6&+4co# 21&+0
*L0U1
L0L1
*L0U1#in 21&+0
;6 # ;1
0 $ # 21 sin $0 # 21 cos $4 # 6 *0 # 40
0 f2
1 0
1 0
=
= + +
=
U L
U L
F
F
*0 # :;
0 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin $4 # 6 34 # 3
0
1 0
1 0 1 0
=
= +
=

L L
U L L L
F
F F
Fx
Koint '
1
(
L1
0
L1L2 *L0L1
*L1U1
*0 # :;
0 " *0 # :;
0
0 f=
0 J
0 J 0
0 f2
2 1
2 1
2 1 1 0
'171
'171
=
= +
= +
=
=
=
=

L L
L L
L L L L
F
F
F F
Koint 7
1
(
U1
13&6)co# 21&+0
U1L1
*U1U2#in 21&+0
*U1U2co# 21&+0
*U1U2
*L0U1co# 21&+0
*L0U1
*L0U1#in 21&+0 *U1L2#in 21&+0
*U1L2 co# 21&+0
*U1L2
13&6)#in 21&+0
" :$; # *:
$0 # 21 sin
46 # 21
$ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin
0 $ # 21 sin $ # 21 sin ;6 # ;1 6; # 12 $ # 21 sin
0 $ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin $ # 21 cos 6: # 13 $0 # 21 sin J
0 f2
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1 2 1
1 1 2 1
1 0 7172
i F F
F
F
F F
F F
F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U U U
L U L U
U L
+ =
=
+ = +
=
+
=
61 # :: :$; # *: $20 # 1; :$; # *:
$2 # 1;
$0: # 36 $0 # 21 2
0 0$ # * $ # 21 ;6 # ;1
$ # 21 " :$; # *: $ # 21
0 $ # 21 sin 6: # 13 $ # 21 $ # 21 cos $ # 21
0
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1 2 1
1 0 2 1 2 1
= + = + =
=
=
=
+ +
= +
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U L U
U L L U U U
F F
F
COS F
COS
COS F F COS
COS F F COS F
Fx
;
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
Koint '
2
(
L2
*L1L2
*L2U2
*U1L2co#21&+
*U1L2#in21&+
*U1L2
*L2L3
10 # 61
0 $ # 21 cos $2 # 1; *1 # :;
0 $ # 21 cos
0 f=
36 # : J
0 $ # 21 sin $2 # 1; J
0 $ # 21 sin J J
0 f2
3 2
3 2
2 1 2 1 3 2
72'2
72'2
71'2 72'2
=
= + =
=
=
=
= =
= +
=
L L
L L
L U L L L L
F
F
F F F
Koint 7
2
(
U2
*U2U3co# 21&+0
*U2U3
*U1U2 co# 21&+0
*U1U2
*U1U2#in 21&+0
*U2L3#in 3+&66
*U2L3 co# 3+&66
*U2L3
*U2L2
13&6) co# 21&+0
13&6) #in 21&+0
*U2U3#in 21&+0
" 61 # 23 6$ # 1
$0 # 21 sin
:6;4 # $
$ # 21 sin
66 # 3$ sin
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin 61 # :: " 36 # : $ # 21 sin
3 2
6;24 # 12
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin $0 # 21 sin J $ # 21 cos 6: # 13
0 f2
3 2 3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
2 1 2 2 7273
i F F
F
F
F
U U
F
F
F F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U
L U
U U L U
+ =
+ =
=
+
=
+
=
26 # 63 61 # 23 60 # 23 6$ # 1 61 # 23 6$ # 1
60 # 23
22 # ** 34 # 2
0 " $ # 21 61 # ::
0$ # * 66 # 3$ " 61 # 23 6$ # 1 $ # 21
0 $ # 21
$ # 21 sin 6: # 13 66 # 3$ cos $ # 21
0
3 2 3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2 3 2
2 1
3 2 3 2
= + = + =
=
=
=
+ +
=
+ +
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U L U
U U
L U U U
F F
F
F
COS
COS F F COS
COS F
F COS F
Fx
Koint '
6
(
L6
+&34#in 21&+0
44&02
+&34co# 21&+0
*L6U5
L6L5
*L6U5#in 21&+0
L6U5 co# 21&+0
6$ # ;:
0 $ # 21 sin $0 # 21 cos 34 # $ 02 # 44
0 f2
* 6
* 6
=
= + +
=
U L
U L
F
F
*; # $:
0 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin 34 # $
0
* 6
* 6 * 6
=
=
=

L L
U L L L
F
F F
Fx
10
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
Koint '
*
(
L5
L5L6 *L4L5
*L5U5
*; # $:
0 " *; # $:
0
0 f=
0 J
0 0 J
0 f2
* 4
* 4
6 * * 4
'171
'*7*
=
= +
= +
=
=
=
=

L L
L L
L L L L
F
F
F F
Koint 7
*
(
U5
*U4U5co# 21&+0
*U4U5
*U5L6 co# 21&+0
*U5L6
*U5L6#in 21&+0
*U5L4#in21&+
*U5L4 co# 21&+
*U5L6
*U5L5
16&6+ co# 21&+0
16&6+ #in 21&+0
*U4U5#in 21&+0
" ;:: # **
$0 # 21 sin
2:* # 20
$ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin
4$: # 1* $ # 21 sin 6$ # ;: $ # 21 sin $ # 21 sin
0 $ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin $ # 21 cos 6$ # 16 $0 # 21 sin J
0 f2
4 * * 4
4 *
* 4
4 * * 4
6 * 6 *
4 * 747*
i F F
F
F
F F
F F
F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U U U
L U L U
L U
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
+
=
16 # $0 ;:: # ** 1; # 24 ;:: # **
1; # 24
;14 # 44 $0 # 21 2
0 $ # 21 " ;:: # ** $ # 21 cos $ # 21 6$ # ;: 1;4 # 6
0 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin 6$ # 16
0
4 * * 4
2 1
4 *
4 * 4 *
* * * 4 6 *
= + = + =
=
=
= + +
= +
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U L U
L U U U L U
F F
F
COS F
COS F F COS
F COS F F
Fx
Koint '
4
(
L4
*L4L5
*L4U4
*U5L4co#21&+
*U5L4#in21&+
*U5L4
*L3L4
14 # 6*
0 $ # 21 cos 1$ # 24 *; # $:
0 $ # 21 cos
0 f=
;$ # $ J
$ # 21 sin 1$ # 24 J
0 $ # 21 sin J J
0 f2
4 3
4 3
4 * 4 3 * 4
74'4
74'4
7*'4
74'4
=
= + =
= +
=
=
=
= +
=
L L
F
F
F F F
L L
L U L L L L
Koint 7
4
(
" 2:6 # 14 6$ # 1
$0 # 21 sin
30 # *
$ # 21 sin
66 # 3$ sin
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin 16 # $0 " ;$ # $ $ # 21 sin 4$: # 1*
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin $0 # 21 sin J $ # 21 cos 6$ # 16
0 f2
3 4 3 3
3 4
4 3
3 4
4 3
3 4
* 4 4 4 7374
i F F
F
F
F
F
F
F F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U
U U
L U
U U L U
+ =
+ =
=
= +
=
+
=
11
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
U4
*U3U4co# 21&+0
*U3U4
*U4U5 co# 21&+0
*U4U5
*U4U5#in 21&+0
*U4L3#in 3+&66
*U4L3 co# 3+&66
*U4L3
*U4L4
16&6+ co# 21&+0
16&6+ #in 21&+0
*U3U4#in 21&+0
63 # 62 2:6 # 14 :$ # 2$ 6$ # 1 2:6 # 14 6$ # 1
:$ # 2$
36* # 66 :$ # 0 *6 # 1
0 66 # 3$
" 2:6 # 14 6$ # 1 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin 6$ # 16 $ # 21 16 # $0
0 $ # 21
66 # 3$ cos $ # 21 sin 6$ # 16 $ # 21
0
3 4 4 3
3 4
3 4
3 4
3 4
3 4
4 3
3 4 * 4
= + = + =
=
= +
=
+ +
=
+
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U
L U
L U
U U
L U U U
F F
F
F F
COS F
F COS
COS F
F COS F
Fx
(oint /L3
L3
*L2L3
*U3L3
*U2L3co#3+&66
*U2L3#in3+&66
*U2L3
*U4L3co#3+&66
*U4L3#in3+&66
*U4L3
*L3L4
14 # 6* J
0 66 # 3$ cos 60 # 23 " 10 # 61 66 # 3$ cos :$ # 2$ J
0 66 # 3$ cos J J 66 # 3$ cos J J
0 f=
:2 # 32 J
0 66 # 3$ sin :$ # 2$ 66 # 3$ sin 60 # 23 J
0 66 # 3$ sin J 66 # 3$ sin J J
0 f2
'3'4
'3'4
72'3 '2'3 74'3 '3'4
73'3
73'3
74'3 72'3 73'3
=
= +
= +
=
=
= + +
= + +
=

L0
L1 L2 L3 L4
L5
L6
U1
U3
U4
U5
/em!er force# and #$pport reaction# 0'ip#1 de$ to 2ind 0 1 load#
U2
(
1
&(
6
40&50
-)(&50
)
)
&6
1
1
(
&
+
2
-)&36
0&0
-)(50 -61&10
6
3
&2
6
2
3
&
6
0
(
)
&6
+
-+)&5(
+
0
&1
6
2
4
&
1
(
-+&()
0&0
-+)&5( -65&14
6
2
&6
3
2
+
&
)
+
44&02
-32&)2
2ind
12
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
L0
L1 L2 L3 L4 L5
L6
U1
U2
U3
U4
U5
oncentrated 2ind 0 1 load# at tr$## %oint#
6&+4'
13&6)'
13&6)'
6&+4'
+&34'
16&6+)'
16&6+)'
+&34'
44&02 40&50
4ind
3&34
13
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
&ind Load (Lee &ord:
Koint '
6
(
L6
6&+4#in 21&+0
40&50
6&+4co# 21&+0
*L6U5
L6L5
*L6U5#in 21&+0
L6U5 co# 21&+0
;6 # ;1
0 $ # 21 sin *0 # 40 $0 # 21 cos $4 # 6
0 f2
* 6
* 6
=
= +
=

U L
U L
F
F
$4 # $2
$ # 21 cos ;6 # ;1 $ # 21 sin $4 # 6
0 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin $4 # 6
0
* 6
* 6
* 6 * 6
=
=
=
=

L L
L L
U L L L
F
F
F F
Fx
Koint '
*
(
L5
L5L6 *L4L5
*L5U5
$4 # $2
0 " $4 # $2
0
0 f=
0 J
0 0 J
0 f2
* 4
* 4
6 * * 4
'171
'*7*
=
= +
= +
=
=
=
=

L L
L L
L L L L
F
F
F F
Koint 7
*
(
U5
*U4U5co# 21&+0
*U4U5
*U5L6 co# 21&+0
*U5L6
*U5L6#in 21&+0
*U5L4#in21&+
*U5L4 co# 21&+
*U5L6
*U5L5
13&6) co# 21&+0
13&6) #in 21&+0
*U4U5#in 21&+0
" :$2 # *:
$ # 21 sin $ # 21 sin ;6 # ;1 0 $ # 21 cos 6: # 13 $ # 21 sin
0 $ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin $ # 21 cos 6: # 13 $0 # 21 sin J
0 f2
* 4 4 *
4 * * 4
6 * 6 *
4 * 747*
i F F
F F
F F
F
U U L U
L U U U
L U L U
L U
=
= +
=
+
=

$2 # 1; :$2 # *: 60 # :: :$2 # *:
60 # ::
0 $ # 21
" :$2 # *: $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin 6: # 13 $ # 21 ;6 # ;1
0 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin 6: # 13
0
* 4 4 *
* 4
* 4
* 4
4 * * 4 6 *
= = =
=
=
+
= +
=
U U L U
U U
U U
U U
L U U U L U
F F
F
COS F
F COS
F COS F F
Fx
Koint '
4
(
L4
*L4L5
*L4U4
*U5L4co#21&+
*U5L4#in21&+
*U5L4
*L3L4
44 # 64
0 $ # 21 cos $2 # 1; $* # $2
0 $ # 21 cos
0 f=
36 # : J
$ # 21 sin $2 # 1; J
0 $ # 21 sin J J
0 f2
4 3
4 3
4 * 4 3 * 4
74'4
74'4
7*'4
74'4
=
= + =
=
=
=
=
= +
=
+
L L
F
F
F F F
L L
L U L L L L
14
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
Koint 7
4
(
U4
*U3U4co# 21&+0
*U3U4
*U4U5 co# 21&+0
*U4U5
*U4U5#in 21&+0
*U4L3#in 3+&66
*U4L3 co# 3+&66
*U4L3
*U4L4
13&6) co# 21&+0
13&6) #in 21&+0
*U3U4#in 21&+0
" 032 # 14 *;4 # 0
66 # 3$ sin
:66 # $
66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin 60 # :: $ # 21 cos 6: # 13 $ # 21 sin
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin $0 # 21 sin J $ # 21 cos 6: # 13
0 f2
4 3 3 4
4 3
3 4
3 4
4 3
3 4
* 4 4 4 7374
i F F
F
F
F
F
F
F F
U U L U
U U
L U
L U
U U
L U
U U L U
=
=
=
= +
=
+
=
66 # 23 032 # 14 46 # 63 *; # 0 032 # 14 *;4 # 0
46 # 63
0 ;2$ # 0 46 # 0 0$4 # $$
0 66 # 3$
" 032 # 14 *; # 0 66 # 3$ cos $ # 21 sin 6: # 13 $ # 21 60 # ::
0 $ # 21
66 # 3$ cos $ # 21 sin 6: # 13 $ # 21
0
4 3 3 4
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
3 4 * 4
= = =
=
=
=
+
=
+
=
U U L U
U U
U U
U U
U U
U U
U U
L U U U
F F
F
F F
COS F
F COS
COS F
F COS F
Fx
Koint '
0
(
L0
+&34#in 21&+0
44&02
*L0U1co# 21&+0
+&34co# 21&+0
*L0U1
L0L1
*L0U1#in 21&+0
3&34
6$ # ;:
0 02 # 44 $ # 21 sin $0 # 21 cos 34 # $
0 f2
1 0
1 0
=
= +
=

U L
U L
F
F
;3 # ;0
0 $ # 21 cos $ # 21 sin 34 # $ 34 # 3
0
1 0
1 0 1 0
=
= + +
=

L L
U L L L
F
F F
Fx
Koint '
1
(
L1
L1L2 *L0L1
*L1U1
;3 # ;0
0 " ;3 # ;0
0
0 f=
0 J
0 0 J
0 f2
2 1
2 1
2 1 1 0
'171
'171
=
= +
= +
=
=
=
=

L L
L L
L L L L
F
F
F F
Koint 7
1
(
" ;$ # **
$0 # 21 sin
:$$ # 20
$ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin 0 $ # 21 sin 6$ # ;: $ # 21 cos 6$ # 16 $ # 21 sin
0 $ # 21 sin
$ # 21 sin $ # 21 cos 6$ # 16 $0 # 21 sin J
0 f2
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1 2 1
1 1 2 1
1 0 7172
i F F
F
F
F F
F F
F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U U U
L U L U
U L
+ =
+ =
= +
=
+
=

1*
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
U1
16&6+ co# 21&+0
U1L1
*U1U2co# 21&+0
*U1U2
*L0U1co# 21&+0
*L0U1
*L0U1#in 21&+0 *U1L2#in 21&+0
*U1L2 co# 21&+0
*U1L2
16&6+#in 21&+0
*U1U2 #in 21&+0
16 # $0 ;$ # ** 1$ # 24 ;$ # **
1$ # 24
;12 # 44 $0 # 21 2
0 $ # 21 6$ # ;:
$ # 21 sin 6$ # 16 $ # 21 " ;$ # ** $ # 21
0 $ # 21 sin 6$ # 16 $ # 21 $ # 21 cos $ # 21
0
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1 2 1
1 0 2 1 2 1
= + = + =
=
=
=
+ + +
= +
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U L U
U L L U U U
F F
F
COS F
COS
COS F F COS
COS F F COS F
Fx
Koint '
2
(
L2
*L1L2
*L2U2
*U1L2co#21&+
*U1L2#in21&+
*U1L2
*L2L3
4$ # 6$
0 $ # 21 cos 1$ # 24 ;3 # ;0
0 $ # 21 cos
0 f=
;$ # $ J
0 $ # 21 sin 1$ # 24 J
0 $ # 21 sin J J
0 f2
3 2
3 2
2 1 2 1 3 2
72'2
72'2
71'2 72'2
=
= + =
=
=
=
= =
= +
=
L L
L L
L U L L L L
F
F
F F F
Koint 7
2
(
U2
*U2U3co# 21&+0
*U2U3
*U1U2 co# 21&+0
*U1U2
*U1U2#in 21&+0
*U2L3#in 3+&66
*U2L3 co# 3+&66
*U2L3
*U2L2
16&6+ co# 21&+0
16&6+ #in 21&+0
*U2U3#in 21&+0
" 2$6 # 14 6$ # 1
$0 # 21 sin
30* # *
$ # 21 sin
66 # 3$ sin
66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin 1: # $0 " ;$ # $ $ # 21 sin 6;24 # 12
0 66 # 3$ sin
$ # 21 sin $0 # 21 sin J $ # 21 cos 6$ # 16
0 f2
3 2 3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
2 1 2 2 7273
i F F
F
F
F
F
F
F F
L U U U
L U
U U
L U
U U
L U
U U L U
+ =
+ =
=
+
=
+
=
63 # 62 2$6 # 14 :$ # 2$ 6$ # 1 2$6 # 14 6$ # 1
:$ # 2$
366 # 6: 34 # 2
0 " $ # 21 1: # $0
1; # 6 66 # 3$ " 2$6 # 14 6$ # 1 $ # 21
0 $ # 21
$ # 21 sin 6$ # 16 66 # 3$ cos $ # 21
0
3 2 3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2 3 2
2 1
3 2 3 2
= + = + =
=
=
=
+ +
=
+
=
L U U U
L U
L U
L U L U
U U
L U U U
F F
F
F
COS
COS F F COS
COS F
F COS F
Fx
16
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
(oint /L3
L3
*L2L3
*U3L3
*U2L3co#3+&66
*U2L3#in3+&66
*U2L3
*U4L3co#3+&66
*U4L3#in3+&66
*U4L3
*L3L4
:6 # 32 J
0 66 # 3$ sin 66 # 23 66 # 3$ sin :$ # 2$ J
0 66 # 3$ sin J 66 # 3$ sin J J
0 f2
73'3
73'3
74'3 72'3 73'3
=
= + +
= + +
=

L0
L1 L2 L3 L4
L5
L6
U1
U3
U4
U5
/em!er force# and #$pport reaction# 0'ip#1 de$ to 2ind 0 1 load#
U2
(
)
&6
+
44&02
-(0&(3
+
0
&1
)
2
4
&
1
+
-+&(+
0&0
-(0&(3 -6+&4+
6
2
&6
3
2
+
&
)
+
(
1
&(
6
-+2&+4
)
)
&6
0
1
(
&
+
2
-)&36
0&0
-+2&+4 -64&44
6
3
&4
6
2
2
3
&
6
6
40&50
-32&)6
2ind
1:
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
T a ble 3.1: D e s i g n 0 e m b e r 1 o r c e C2 a rt
0ember
T!3e
0ember Lengt2
(ft
0ember 1orces (#i3s Design 1orce (#i3s
Dead
Load
&ind Load
(
&ind Load
(
Tension Com3ression
,otto/ 6or&
0e/<er
'
0
'
1
20#00 30#6; @:;#*0 @;0#;3 30#6; @60#24
'
1
'
2
20#00 30#6; @:;#*0 @;0#;3 30#6; @60#24
'
2
'
3
20#00 24#** @61#10 @6$#4$ 24#** @43#;3
'
3
'
4
20#00 24#** @6*#14 @64#44 24#** @40#*;
'
4
'
*
20#00 30#6; @$:#*; @$2#$4 30#6; @*6#;
'
*
'
6
20#00 30#6; @$:#*; @$2#$4 30#6; @*6#;
Top 6or&
/e/<er
'
0
7
1
21#*4 @33#0* ;1#;6 ;:#6$ 64#63 @33#0*
7
1
7
2
21#*4 @26#43 ::#61 $0#1: *3#:4 @26#43
7
2
7
3
21#*4 @1;#$1 63#26 62#63 43#4* @1;#$1
7
3
7
4
21#*4 @1;#$1 62#63 63#46 43#6* @1;#$1
7
4
7
*
21#*4 @26#43 $0#16 ::#60 *3#:3 @26#43
7
*
'
6
21#*4 @33#0* ;:#6$ ;1#;6 64#63 @33#0*
.ertical
0e/<er
7
1
'
1
$#00 1#00 0#00 0#00 1#00
7
2
'
2
16#00 3#4* @:#36 @$#;$ 3#4* @*#*3
7
3
'
3
24#00 10#$2 @32#:2 @32#:6 10#$2 @21#;4
7
4
'
4
16#00 3#4* @$#;$ @:#36 3#4* @*#*3
7
*
'
*
$#00 1#00 0#00 0#00 1#00
%iagonal
0e/<er
7
1
'
2
21#*4 @6#61 1;#$2 24#1$ 1:#*: @6#61
7
2
'
3
2*#61 @:#$6 23#60 2$#:$ 20#$$ @:#$6
7
4
'
3
2*#61 @:#$6 2$#:$ 23#66 20#$$ @:#$6
7
*
'
4
21#*4 @6#61 24#1; 1;#$2 1:#*: @6#61
1$
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
D e si g n Con c e 3t of T r uss 0emb e r s:
The &esign of truss /e/<ers is carrie& out using the follo5ing e>uations#
0e/<ers un&er tension
t
=
A
F
t
allt"
= 0#* f
2
BBBBBBBBB3#1a"C3#1<""
The accepta<le &esign con&ition is
t Aallt"

0e/<ers un&er co/pression (
c
=
A
F
c
Slen&erness )atio,
y
c
e
f
E
and
r
L 2
,
/in
= =
4f
A c
,
allc"
= f
2
L1@0#* !
c
"
2
M!L*!3 + 3!$ !
c
" @1!$!
c
"
3
M
4f
A c
,
allc"
= 0#*2
2
N!

2
"
The accepta<le &esign con&ition is
c A

allc"
Here J
t
= Tensile force, J
c
= 6o/pressiDe force, N = 0o&ulus of elasticit2
A= 6ross@sectional area, '
e
= NffectiDe length of /e/<er, r
/in
= 0ini/u/ ra&ius of g2ration

t
= Tensile stress,
c
= 6o/pressiDe stress,
all
= Allo5a<le stress
Jor the /aterial properties use& for &esignE i#e#, N = 2;000 1si, f
2
= 40Hsi

Allt"
=0#*f
2
=20Hsi,
c
=2N!f
2
"=11;#63, =!
c
=!11;#63
4f A1,
allc"
= 40L1@0#*
2
M!L*!3+3!$@
3
!$
4f A1,
allc"
= 14;000!
2
=10#4!
2
)ather than &esigning for all the /e/<ers in&iDi&uall2, onl2 one section 5ill <e chosen for all
the <otto/ cor& /e/<ers, one section for all the top cor& /e/<ers an& one section for all the
other Dertical an& &iagonalE i#e#, O5e<P" /e/<ers#
Since the &esign truss has a long span, &esign sections 5ill <e chosen fro/ &ou<le angle sections
rather than single angle sections, 5hich are chosen for s/aller trusses#
6ritical 'oa&(
2
2
L
EI
P
cr

=
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
r
L
E
A L
EAr
A L
EI
A
P
cr
cr

=

= =
,
cr
c
E

=
1;
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
fy
E Le
c
2
,
/in
=

=
D e si g n o f B ot t om C o r d 0emb e r s:
Jor the <otto/ cor& /e/<ers '
0
'
1
C '
*
'
6
", the /a=i/u/ tensile force = 30#6; 1ips an& the
/a=i/u/ co/pressiDe force = 60#24 1ips# Since all the <otto/ cor& /e/<ers are of e>ual
length i#e#, if effectiDe length factor 1 is ta1en = 1, then '
e
= 20 ft = 240 inch", the /a=i/u/
forces are ta1en as the &esign forces
Although the &esign co/pressiDe force is /uch larger an& is li1el2 to <e goDerning con&ition in
this case, the sections are &esigne& for <oth tension an& co/pression for co/pleteness of &esign#
Table3.$: Bottom Cord 0ember Design C2art.
Section
' (in
$

t Hsi" Allt" c Hsi" r/in in" allc"

6o//ents
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
4#*0 6#$2
20
13#3; 0#:4 324#3
2
2#:1 1#41 7se /uch larger section
4
3
4 4
10#$$ 2#$2 *#*4 1#1; 201#6
$
1#6; 3#66 7se larger section
$
:
* *
1*#;6 1#;2 3#:: 1#4; 161#0
:
1#3* *#:4 7se s/aller section
$
*
* *
11#:2 2#62 *#14 1#*2 1*:#$
;
1#32 *#;: GH
D e si g n o f T o3 Cord 0 e mbe r s:
Jor the top cor& /e/<ers '
0
7
1
C 7
*
'
6
", the /a=i/u/ tensile force = 64#63 1ips an& the
/a=i/u/ co/pressiDe force = 33#0* 1ips# Since all the top cor& /e/<ers are of e>ual length i#e#,
if 1 = 1, '
e
= 21#*4 ft = 2*$#4$ inch", the /a=i/u/ forces are ta1en as the &esign forces#
The sections are &esigne& for <oth tension an& co/pression#
Table3.3: To3 Cord 0ember Design C2art.
Section
' (in
$

t Hsi" Allt" c Hsi" r/in in" allc"

6o//ents
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
4#*0 14#36 :#3#4 0#:4 34;#3
0
2#;2 1#22 7se /uch larger section
$
*
4 4
;#22 :#01 3#*$ 1#20 21*#4
0
1#$0 3#21 7se larger section
20
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
20
4
3
4 4
10#$$ *#;4 3#04 1#1; 21:#2
1
1#$2 3#1* GH
D e si g n o f 4 e rtic a l and D ia g o n a l 0emb e r s:
20#$$ 1ips an& the /a=i/u/ co/pressiDe force = 21#$6 1ips# The /a=i/u/ tension acts on
7
2
'
3
an& 7
4
'
3
5hile the /a=i/u/ co/pression acts on 7
3
'
3
, 5hich is 24 ft long# Although
7
2
'
3
an& 7
4
'
3
are slightl2 longer i#e#, 2*#61 ft long", the /a=i/u/ co/pressiDe forces on the/
are /uch s/aller i#e#, :#$6 1ips"# Therefore the effectiDe length of the &esign /e/<ers is ta1en
as '
e
= 24 ft = 2$$ inch# The sections are &esigne& for <oth tension an& co/pression although it
is li1el2 to <e goDerne& <2 co/pression#
Table3..: &eb 0ember Design C2art.
Section
' (in
$

t Hsi" Allt" c Hsi" r/in in" allc"

6o//ents
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
4#*0 4#64
20
4#$6 0#:4 3$;#1
;
3#2* 0#;$ 7se /uch larger section
2
1
4 4
:#*0 2#:$ 2#;1 1#22 236#0
:
1#;: 2#6: 7se larger section
$
*
4 4
;#22 2#26 2#3: 1#20 240#0
0
2#01 2#*$ GH
21
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
.. D e sign of B r a c in gs a n d Con n ec tions:
The truss /e/<ers &esigne& in the preDious section are supporte& against out@of@plane loa&s <2
seDeral <racings, Ioine& to each other <2 5el&e& plate connections an& connecte& to colu/n or
5all supports# This section &iscusses the &esign of these so@calle& Onon@structural /e/<ersP#
D e si g n o f Br a c in g s:
The <racings connect Ioints of t5o successiDe trusses in or&er to proDi&e structural support
against out@of@plane loa&ings# The <racing s2ste/ use& for the truss illustrate& here is sho5n
<elo5, consisting of three t2pes of <racingsE i#e#,
i" ,otto/ cor& <racings connect the correspon&ing <otto/ Ioints e#g#, '
0
5ith '
0"
ii" Top cor& <racings connect the <otto/ Ioints e#g#, '
0
" 5ith top Ioints e#g#, 7
2
" &iagonall2
iii" .ertical <racings connect the <otto/ Ioints e#g#, '
3
" 5ith top Ioints e#g#, 7
3
" Derticall2
BBB,otto/ 6hor& ,racing QQQQQQQQQQTop 6hor& ,racing @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.ertical ,racing
Since the structural anal2sis of the <racing s2ste/ is co/plicate&, the &esign follo5s si/plifie&
gui&elines, accor&ing to 5hich the slen&erness ratio '
e
!r
/in
" 400 for <racings un&er tension
an& 300 for <racings un&er co/pression# 4n the a<sence of accurate calculations, the /ore
conserDatiDe secon& criterion i#e#, r
/in
'
e
!300" is chosen for &esign here#
The &esign using single e>ual angles" is <est carrie& out in a ta<ular for/ as sho5n <elo5#
T a <le 4#1( % e s i g n 6ha rt f or , r ac in gs(
'ength, ' ft" NffectiDe 'ength, '
e
in" r
/in
in" 6hosen Section
,6 ,racing 30 0#:30!2 12"=126 0#42
16
3
2
1
2
2
1
2 L
T6 ,racing 830
2
+43#0$
2
"9=*2#*0 0#:*2#*0!212"=220#*
0
0#:3
4
1
4 4 L
. ,racing 830
2
+24
2
"9=3$#42 0#:3$#42!212"=161#4
0
0#*4
16
3
3 3 L
22
0ember
T!3e
0ember
0ember
Si"e
! : L !
(in
Design 1orce
(#i3s
&eld
Lengt2 (in
&eld Lengt2
5atio (in
,otto/ 6or&
0e/<er
'
0
'
1
, '
*
'
6
R
* * *!$ 1#4$( 3#*2
60#24 2$#40 20#00, $#*0
'
1
'
2
, '
4
'
*
R 60#24 2$#40 20#00, $#*0
'
2
'
3
, '
3
'
4
R 43#;4 20#:1 1*#00, 6#*0
Top 6or&
0e/<er
'
0
7
1
, 7
*
'
6
443!4 1#2:( 2#:3
64#63 30#4: 21#00, 10#00
7
1
7
2
, 7
4
7
*
*3#:3 2*#33 1:#*0, $#*0
7
2
7
3
, 7
3
7
4
43#44 20#4$ 14#00, 6#*0
.ertical
0e/<er
7
1
'
1
, 7
*
'
*
44*!$ 1#23( 2#::
1#00 0#4: 0#*, 0#2*
7
2
'
2
, 7
4
'
4
*#*2 2#60 2#00, 1#00
7
3
'
3
21#$6 10#30 :#2*, 3#2*
%iagonal
0e/<er
7
1
'
2
, 7
*
'
4
6#61 3#12 2#2*, 1#00
7
2
'
3
, 7
4
'
3
:#$6 3#:1 2#:*, 1#2*
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
Design of Connections:
The Ioints proDi&e& here are actuall2 gusset plates Ioining t5o or /ore /e/<ers 5ith 5el&e&
connections# The &esign is <ase& on the follo5ing /aterial an& structural properties
Allo5a<le shear stress f
D
= 0#3 f
2
= 0#3 40 = 12 1si
The gusset plate shoul& <e &esigne& to resist the /a=i/u/ possi<le &esign loa& con&ition# 4n
this case, ho5eDer, the thic1ness of the plate is appro=i/atel2 esti/ate& <ase& on the /a=i/u/
a=ial force 64#63 1ips# 4f allo5a<le tensile stress = 0#* f
2
= 0#* 40 = 20 1si, an& plate
thic1ness =
0#2* , then the /a=i/u/ re>uire& 5i&th of the plate = 64#63!20 0#2*" 13 # This shoul& not <e
too large, <ase& on the 5el&@lengths calculate& su<se>uentl2#
Thic1ness of gusset plate is chosen tentatiDel2 as = 0#2* an& thic1ness of 5el& t = 0#2*
The length of 5el&, '
5
= P!f
D
0#:0:t" = P!12 0#:0: 0#2*" = P!2#12
T a ble ..$: & e ld D e si g n C2 a rt:
LR %esign forces assu/e& e>ualM
23
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
24
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
2*
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
-. D e sign of 'nc2orage a n d S u33 o r t
The truss is supporte& <2 reinforce& concrete colu/ns an& footings, their reactions haDing <een
calculate& earlier for point &ea& loa& an& 5in& loa&s# The connections <et5een the truss an&
support are &esigne& in this section for the co/<ine& &esign loa&s#
Combination of Su33ort 5eaction from Dead Load and &ind Load:
The calculation for the &esign support reactions is carrie& out in the follo5ing ta<ular for/#
Table -.1 : Design Su33ort 5eaction C2art:
Su33ort
Su33ort 5eactions (#i3s Design 1orces (#i3s
Dead Load &ind Load ( &ind Load ( Case1 Case$ Case3
'
0
14#:3
40#*0
3#34
44#02
3#34
14#:3 6"
2*#:: T"
3#34 S"
2;#2; T"
3#34 S"
'
6
14#:3 44#02 40#*0 14#:3 6" 2;#2; T" 2*#:: T"
Therefore the &esign con&itions are su//ariFe& as follo5s(
1# 6o/pressiDe force = 14#:3 1ips
2# Tensile Jorce = 2;#2; 1ips, Shear Jorce = 3#34 1ips
% e si g n o f , a se plate a n& An c horag e (
Since the truss is supporte& on <ase plates on concrete pe&estals supporte& <2 /asonr2 colu/ns,
the &esign in this stu&2 &eals /ainl2 5ith the connections <et5een the truss an& the colu/ns#
The colu/n forces are no/inal, therefore a 10 20 /asonr2 colu/n is chosen#
The /a=i/u/ tensile stress on the colu/n = 2;#2;!10 20" = 0#146 1si, 5hich is 5ithin the
allo5a<le li/it Tensile strength 300 psi"#
Assu/ing the <ase plate area = A
p
an& <earing pressure = 0#3* f
c
= 1#0* 1si
1#0*A
p
= 14#:3 A
p
= 14#:3!1#0* A
p
= 14#03 in
2
ProDi&e : 14 <ase plate since the <otto/ cor& /e/<ers are * +* 5i&e"
Since the free portion of the <ase plate is no/inal, a thic1ness of 0#* is /ore than a&e>uate#
26
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
The <ase plate is supporte& on a 10 20 concrete pe&estal an& connecte& to the colu/n <2 four
reinforce/ents to resist the entire tensile an& shear force#
Allo5a<le tensile stress = 0#* f
2
= 20 1si an& allo5a<le shear stress = 0#3 f
2
= 12 1si
)e>uire& area <ase& on tensile force" = 2;#2;!4 20" = 0#366 in
2
)e>uire& area <ase& on shear force" = 3#34!4 12" = 0#0: in
2
ProDi&e 4 S6 i#e#, 3!4 &ia/eter" anchor <olts Area = 0#44 in
2
each"#
Allo5a<le tensile force per anchor = 0#44 20 = $#$ 1ips
Allo5a<le <on& force per unit length = 3* f
c
= 3* 3000 l<!in = 1#;2 1!in
%eDelop/ent length = $#$!1#;2 = 4#*;
ProDi&e anchorage of 6 for each <olt#
The <ase plate 5ill <e connecte& to the gusset plate <2 the section si/ilar to the <otto/ cor&
i#e#, a * * *!$ &ou<le angle section", also 5ith 3!4 &ia/eter <olts to transfer the /a=i/u/
support reaction = 2;#2; 1ips" <2 shear#
)e>uire& area = 2;#2;!12 = 2#44 in
2
, i#e#, proDi&e 3@3!4 &ia/eter <olts in &ou<le shear#
2:
Structural Analysis and Design-1 (Sessional) Md. Jahangir Alam Bhuiyan 3112161!
2$