Note 2: Understanding Moral & Ethics

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NORMATIVE & NON-NORMATIVE STATEMENTS

Which one is normative / non-normative statement?
This is a terrace house. _____
This is a beautiful terrace house. _____
Ali ala!s uses the "nternet. _____
Ali should not use the "nternet until he forgets his or#. _____
MORALITY & ETHICS: WHO CARES? DOES ANY OF THIS REALLY MATTER?
$. Wh! be concerned ith moral theories and distinctions beteen different t!%es of
moral theories?
&. Wh! bother ith some of the difficult 'uestions that sound ridiculous and not
%ractical?
(. Ever!one is brought u% ith some sort of moral s!stem) and it usuall! or#s out
fairl! ell - isn*t that enough?
Activity: +harlie +ha%lin short drama.

Moreover) if this %erson is suddenl! faced ith %eo%le from a different culture ho have
a ver! different moral s!stem) it on*t be %ossible to handle it ver! ell.
MORALITY & ETHICS : WHO CARES? DOES ANY OF THIS REALLY MATTER?
The most li#el! results ill be ) )
or even .
,easoning re'uires-


!NDERSTANDIN" VAL!ES & THE BASIC CONCE#T OF VAL!E
The term .value/ originall! meant the _____________________________.
01ford Advance 2earner3s 4ictionar! - 5alue as moral or %rofessional standards of
behavior or standards or 'ualities considered orthhile and desirable.
5alue is the %rinci%le of formation of attitude) %erce%tion of motivation) %ersonalit!)
%rogress and develo%ment of one race and organi6ation.
WHAT ARE THE F!NCTION OF VAL!ES?
As a standard for an individual to ascertain his %osition in an! social or moral matter.
5alue not onl! gives one shos the direction to a %erson ho he should behave toards
others) in fact ho to evaluate behavior itself along ith others.
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V$%&e '&(ctio() $) $ y$*+)tic, o* $ )t$(+$*+ 'o* $(yt-i(. t-$t -&/$( +o0 +e)i*e)
$(+ 1i)- 'o*0 1-et-e* it c$( 2e )ee(0 -e$*+ o* 'e%t 2y o&* )e()e)3 V$%&e $%)o
)-o1) t-e +i*ectio( $(+ +ete*/i(e) t-e c-oice) $*e /$+e $(+ $ctio( to 2e c$**ie+
o&t3
E4AM#LE :
According to school regulation) the student is re'uired) hen bu!ing the goods in
canteen lining u% or before entering to class or before travel b! school bus. "f
,atna obe!s the regulation as thin#ing that the regulation is good for her and
others) she ill follo the regulation ithout com%ulsion although in different
%lace such as %ublic bus sto%) hos%ital or %ost office.
ACTIVITY:
,eligion - _____________________
_____________________
_____________________
Education _____________________
Economics _____________________
Arts _____________________
7cience and Technolog! _____________________
7ociet! _____________________
8olitics _____________________
ACTIVITY - Do yo& t-i(,0 c-i%+*e( )-o&%+ )e(+ t-ei* 5$*e(t) to o%+ 'o%,6) -o/e? I'
Not0 W-y?
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+09TE:T 0; M0,A2 5A2UE
5A2UE A7 A9 ATT,"<UTE
The English sa!ing) . Time is mone!/ = Time cannot be increased) hen it
%asses) !ou cannot chase it.
5A2UE A7 A MEA7U,EME9T
"n the 'uestion) >What value did the head of de%artment give !ou for !our or#
%erformance? 5alue here means the total mar#s ?'uantit!@ given to the officer b!
the head of de%artment hen the latter assessed !our or# %erformance in the
Wor# 8erformance Assessment ;orm of the civil service in Mala!sia.
5A2UE "9 A:"020AB +09TE:T
#e*t$i(i(. to /o*$% o* $e)t-etic v$%&e 7&+./e(t)3
TY#ES OF VAL!E
$. _________________________________________
- Cualit! received or reDected as instrumental to achieve certain obDective. 4e%endent on
other value to achieve certain obDective.
Example :
a@ <ombing of Eiroshima to end the 7econd World War.
b@ "m%osing the death %enalt! for drug traffic#ers to stam% out drug traffic#ing
activities.
&. ____________________________________________
- Cualit! received or reDected solel! because it is good or bad ithout considering
its effect. 9ot de%endent on other values to achieve certain obDective. The value
mentioned is itself the final obDective.
E1- A Dudge %asses a >death b! hanging sentence3 on a %erson found guilt! of
traffic#ing drugs %urel! because it is obligator! for the Dudge to do so) according
to the %rovision of the la) and not because the Dudge himself also ishes to
stam% out the traffic#ing of drugs.
A distinction is commonl! made beteen instrumental and intrinsic valueFbeteen hat
is good as a means and hat is good as an end.
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Cualit! acce%ted or reDected b! someone ho gives his vies. Acce%ted or
reDected on the basis of an individual3s o%inion.
E1am%le -
The U7A3s desire to attac# "ra'. <ritain said that the U7 should attac# "ra' for the sa#e
of long-term %eace in the orld so that "ra' could not continue to %roduce ea%ons of
mass destruction. ;rance) on the other hand) said that the U7 should not attac# "ra'
because such an attac# "ra' ould sacrifice the lives of man! innocent %eo%le in "ra'.
G. _________________________________________________
Cualit! that ma! be valuable or not valuable but free from %ersonal choice.
Acce%ted or reDected on the basis of a set of criteria agreed u%on b! all or a
maDorit! of %eo%le.
E1am%le -
a@ War is a horrible traged!
b@ +hild labour is a cruel %ractice hich must be abolished.
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-5alue acce%ted or reDected b! regulations in a societ! in order to achieve certain
societal obDective. "t is arbitrar!) not %erfect) and differs in other societ!. "t can
change ith time.
E1am%le -
"n Huala 2um%ur) a famil! can develo% onl! through an official marriage of a
cou%le. 0n the other hand) in +alifornia) a famil! can be formed ithout an
official marriage.
I. ____________________________________________________
5alue the orth of hich is not related to the customs of a certain societ!. Aenerall!
acce%ted and tested or %roven to be good or bad. +onstant at all times and in all %laces
and in almost all norms of societ!.
E1am%le -
,es%ect each other is a good %ractice.
NAME ::::::::::::::::::::::::::
ACTIVITY :
4,UA A<U7E A94 4"7T,"<UT"09 0; 4,UA7 A,E +097"4E,E4 W,09A A94
+094EM9E4 <B M07T +0U9T,"E7.
9evertheless) there are some societies in 7outh America and Asia hich loo# u%on such
activities as legitimate and ordinar! because their %eo%le de%end on the drug trade for
living. 4iscuss the t!%es of values involved in this controversial situation.
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