CHAPTER I

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Advances in information technology (IT) have combined with modern
communication requirements to foster translation automation. Thus different
aspects of modern life have led to the need for more efficient methods of
translation. At the present time the demand for translations is not satisfied
because there are not enough human translators, or because individuals and
organizations do not recognize translation as a complex activity requiring a high
level of skill, and are therefore not prepared to pay what it is worth. In other
words, translation is sometimes avoided because it is considered to be too
expensive. In part, human translation is expensive because the productivity of a
human being is essentially limited. Statistics vary, but in general to produce a
good translation of a difficult text a translator cannot process more than 4-6
pages or 2,000 words per day.
Dialects of a language are that language's systematic variations,
developed when people of a common language are separated geographically
and socially. Among this group of dialects, normally one serves as the lingua
franca, namely, the common language medium for communication among
speakers of different dialects.
This paper aims at developing a technology called Electronic Dialect
Translator System for NCIP IsabelaCity, Basilan field office (electronic
translation, with terminology saved databases in three major dialects used in
Basilan namely Tausug, Samal an Yakan) in order to determine whether they
change the relationship between the translator and the users, and if so, then in
what way the researchers are assured to answer the issues or problems of
dialect translation in National Commission for Indigenous people, Isabela
Basilan field office. The study treated this electronic tool as genuinely useful for
the clients of NCIP.
This paper also begins with a brief analysis of the importance of
translation technology in different spheres of modern life, followed by a concise
history of machine and computer-assisted translation. It then describes the
technology available to translators in this first decade of the twenty-first century
and examines the negative and positive aspects of machine translation and of
the main tools used in computer-assisted translation: electronic dictionaries,
glossaries, terminology databases, concordances, on-line bilingual texts and
translation memories.
It considers the impact of these new technologies on the professional
translator, concluding that s/he will need to acquire new skills in order to remain
efficient and competitive in the field.\
In reality, Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines refer to a group of people
or homogenous societies identified by self-ascription and ascription by others,
who have continuously lived as organized community on communally bounded
and defined territory, and who have, under claims of ownership since time
immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized such territories, sharing common
bonds of language, customs, traditions and other distinctive cultural traits, or who
have, through resistance to political, social and cultural inroads of colonization,
non-indigenous religions and cultures, become historically differentiated from the
majority of the Filipinos.
Indigenous Peoples is the most marginalized sector in the Philippine
Society yet, they contribute so much to the countrys economy. Indigenous
peoples as a partner in development strengthened its development framework to
synchronize with the Presidents social contract for the over-all development
agenda of the Philippines. It is a concrete manifestation of the IPs self-
determination that eased many emerging opportunities for the indigenous
peoples to show their resiliency to challenges which are innate to these
communities. This distinctive feature of the IPs facilitates the observance of
solidarity, self-sufficiency, unity in diversity and concern for the common good.
The study is conducted at the NCIP Isabela City, Basilan filed office under
the bureau of Policy, Planning and Research Functions, The office role compiles
and updates listing of authentic IP organizations and leaders/ elders; Formulates
appropriate policies and programs for ICCs/ IPs such as, but not limited to a
Five-Year Master Plan for the ICCs/ IPs. The NCIP shall review the plan
periodically and make modifications in accord with the changing situations;
Undertakes the documentation of customary law and shall establish and
maintains a Research Center that would serve as a repository of ethnographic
information for monitoring, evaluation and policy formulation; Develops and
maintains the management information system of the Commission; Conducts a
population census of the ICCs/IPs including a sex-desegregated data base
system in coordination with the National Statistics Office.
The researchers also consider the fact that it has long been a subject of
discussion whether machine translation and computer-assisted translation could
convert translators into mere editors, making them less important than the
computer programs. Instead, think of electronic translators as digital phrase
books. They store lots of ready-made phrases in the device's memory, enabling
users to query the database and return results based on the search parameters.
To streamline the process, manufacturers usually organize words and phrases
into 10 to 15 categories, like basics (hello, goodbye, thank you) and local
transport.
Several methods have been proposed in order to combat this. Perhaps
the most popular of these is the simplest: developing and designing a translation
system that electronically produce quick and accurate solution to the problem,
The purpose of this study is to develop or design an electronic language
translator system purposely for the NCIP Isabela City, Basilan field office staff
assigned in the office on Policy, Planning and Research Functions. The purpose
of the study is to answer the following questions:

http://www.ncip.gov.ph/indigenous-peoples-of-the-philippines.html

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Dialect translation has been a serious problem facing out the office of the
National Commission for Indigenous People (NCIP) the last decade. The
inadequate to respond the need of the office stakeholders like for example the
scholars, IPs and other clients who found it difficult to understand words and
terms in the three mentioned dialects that the province of Basilan is dominantly
accustomed to.
From the background above, there are some problems of interest to be
discussed in this study. The problems under concern are as follows:

1.2.1 GENERAL PROBLEM
How to develop an electronic dialect translator system in order
to improve the work performance and promote better
understanding among indigenous people of Basilan particularly
the NCIP Isabela-Basilan field office.
1.2.2 SPECIFIC PROBLEM
How can the system be useful and functional in the NCIP office?
What system modules /s is/are most applicable and doable for
practical use of the office and its clients?
How would the system designers develop the NCIP Dialect
Electronic Translator?
How to use a project based approach in the construction and
design of the electronic language translator system?

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.3.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE

o Develop and design an electronic translator system that
can translate information quickly use of software
programs which have been specifically designed to
translate written texts from three major tribal dialects of
Basilan: samal, yakan, and tausug into english language.
1.3.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

o How to design electronic translator system with modules
and features like; Universality, practicality, Security,
functionality, accuracy and time-saving attributes.
o How to design electron electronic translator system that
store data, minimize paperwork with duplication.
o How to develop electronic translator system that
organizes , sorts, searches, list etc the words in three
dialects; samal, yakan, tausug.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Translation is the solution in understanding the books or other materials or
even the conferences as the supporting sources for the development of
technology and science which are very important for all the people in the world.
Many books and materials about technology and science are published;
therefore it should be
learned and understood by the people. Also, many meetings or
conferences held in order to share the development of technology and science
among the countries in the world. However, many of those books and materials
are published in foreign language, also, many meetings or conference are using
foreign language which cannot be understood by the people who do not use that
language as the means of communication in their daily life. Therefore, it is the
role of translation to translate those books or materials and the conferences into
the language which can be understood by the readers or participants, in this
case is the Indonesian people with Bahasa Indonesia as the national language.
When time is a crucial factor, machine translation can save the day. You don't
have to spend hours poring over dictionaries to translate the words. Instead, the
software can translate the content quickly and provide a quality output to the user
in no time at all.
The next benefit of machine translation is that it is comparatively cheap.
Initially, it might look like a unnecessary investment but in the long run it is a very
small cost considering the return it provides. This is because if you use the
expertise of a professional translator, he will charge you on a per page basis
which is going to be extremely costly while this will be cheap. These are some
significant features of the system which can be useful in the office. Therefore, we
are optimistic that this can improve the office overall performance and make their
transaction easy flowing and functional.


1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

A machine translator usually translates text which is in any language so
there is no such major concern while a professional translator specializes in one
particular field. Like other gadgets, electronic language translators have
succumbed to feature bloat.
The same holds true for notes and task management -- it seems unlikely
that serious business travelers will use those tools on an electronic translator
when they have perfectly good apps on their tablets or cloud-based solutions that
they access through their tablets. Still, if those kinds of extras appeal to you, you
can find them on many translator models. most important features, of course, are
those related to translation.
A final language feature worth noting is whether an electronic translator
provides full text machine translation. This enables you to type in text and have it
translated using the statistical methods we discussed earlier.
Quick Translation. Using the machine translation system enables you to
save your time while translating large texts.

LOW PRICE
If a professional translator translates your text, you have to pay enough
money for each page but very often we need just a point of matter, general idea.
In this case machine translation system is reliable and effective for us.

CONFIDENTIALITY
Many people use machine translation systems to translate their private
emails, because no one would agree to give his private correspondence to
translator who he doesn't know, or no one would entrust financial documents to
other people.
UNIVERSALITY
Usually a professional translator becomes specialized in a definite field,
but machine translation system can translate any a text about any area. For the
translation of special terminology you have to just switch on a corresponding
Accuracy is not offered by the machine translation on a consistent basis.
You can get the gist of the draft or documents but machine translation only does
word to word translation without comprehending the information which might
have to be corrected manually later on.
Systematic and formal rules are followed by machine translation so it
cannot concentrate on a context and solve ambiguity and neither makes use of
experience or mental outlook like a human translator can.

1.6 NAMING CONVENTION AND DEFINITION OF TERM
1.6.1 NCIP-BASILAN DIALECT ELECTRONIC TRANSLATOR
SYSTEM --Automatic Translator was a machine translation system that
converted Russian documents into English
1.6.2 TRANSLATOR (COMPUTING)-- translator is a computer program that
translates a program written in a given programming language into a
functionally equivalent program in a different language. Depending on
the translator, this may involve changing or simplifying the program
flow, without losing the essence of the program, thereby producing a
functionally equivalent program.
1.6.3 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE PHILIPPINES refer to a group of people or
homogenous societies identified by self-ascription and ascription by
others, who have continously lived as organized community on
communally bounded and defined territory, and who have, under claims of
ownership since time immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized such
territories, sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions and
other distinctive cultural traits, or who have, through resistance to
political, social and cultural inroads of colonization, non-indigenous
religions and cultures, become historically differentiated from the majority
of the Filipinos.
1.6.4
1.6.5