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Mnemonics in Emergency Med

Coma: condit ions t o exclude as cause

MIDAS
:
M
eningit is
I
nt oxicat ion
D
iabet es
A
ir (respirat ory f ailure)
S
ubdural/
S
ubarachnoid hemorrhage
Resuscit at ion: basic st eps

ABCDE
:
A
irway
B
reat hing
C
irculat ion
D
rugs
E
nvironment
Malignant hypert hermia t reat ment
"
S
ome
H
ot
D
ude
B
et t er
G
ive
I
ced
F
luids
F
ast !"(Hot dude = hypot hermia):
S
t op t riggering agent s
H
ypervent ilat e/
H
undred percent oxygen
D
ant rolene (2.5mg/kg)
B
icarbonat e
G
lucose and insulin
I
V Fluids and cooling blanket
F
luid out put monit oring/
F
urosemide/
F
ast heart [t achycardia]
Vf ib/Vt ach drugs used according t o ACLS
"
E
very
L
it t le
B
oy
M
ust
P
ray":
E
pinephrine
L
idocaine
B
ret ylium
M
agsulf at e
P
rocainamide
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Coma causes checklist

AEIOU TIPS
:
A
cidosis/
A
lcohol
E
pilepsy
I
nf ect ion
O
verdosed
U
remia
T
rauma t o head
I
nsulin: t oo lit t le or or t oo much
P
yschosis episode
S
t roke occurred
Shock: t ypes

RN CHAMPS
:
R
espirat ory
N
eurogenic
C
ardiogenic
H
emorrhagic
A
naphylact ic
M
et abolic
P
sychogenic
S
ept ic Alt ernat ively: "
MR. C.H. SNAP
", or "
NH CRAMPS
".
Shock: signs and sympt oms

TV SPARC CUBE
:
T
hirst
V
omit ing
S
weat ing
P
ulse weak
A
nxious
R
espirat ions shallow/rapid
C
ool
C
yanot ic
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U
nconscious
B
P low
E
yes blank
Fall: pot ent ial causes

CLADE SPADE
:
C
ardiovascular/
C
erebrovascular
L
ocomot or (skelet al, muscular, neurological)
A
geing (increased body sway, decreased react ion t ime)
D
rugs (esp. ant ihypert ensives, ant ipsychot ics)
E
nvironment al
S
ensory def icit s (eg. visual problems)
P
sychological/
P
sychiat ric (depression)
A
cut e illness
D
ement ia
E
pilepsy
Diabet ic ket oacidosis management

F*KING
:
F
luids (cryt alloids)
U
rea (check it )
C
reat inine (check it )/
C
at het erize
K
+ (pot assium)
I
nsulin (5u/hour. Not e: sliding scale no longer recommended in t he UK)
N
asogast ic t ube (if pat ient comat ose)
G
lucose (once serum levels drop t o 12)
Ast hma: management of acut e severe
"
O S#!T
":
O
xygen (high dose: >60%)
S
albut amol (5mg via oxygen-driven nebuliser)
H
ydrocort isone (or prednisolone)
I
prat ropium bromide (if lif e t hreat ening)
T
heophylline (or pref erably aminophylline-if lif e t hreat ening)
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