1. neg intro 2. intro adverbial (in, down, prepositional phrase) 3. intro -ed 4. coparative !. intro coparative ". as #. so... that... $. had, sho%ld, were &. there is 1'. here is 11. intro -ing 12. ephasis 13. the bigger, the better 14. (%estions 1!. )story speech) 1". nor 1#. so do *+neither do * 1$. intro ad,ective -etails are attached below:
Type ./aples 0otes 1. neg intro a) 0ever do * sleep. b) 1nly at night can * st%dy. c) *n no way co%ld * help yo% with yo%r 2apanese graar (%estion. d) * believe that only rarely will * need yo%r help. e) 0ot %ntil * got hoe did * reali3e that y shoes were %ntied. 4%estion for is obligatory. 5sed with all verbs. 6e need to learn the vario%s types of words and phrases that re(%ire this type of inversion. 0otice that soeties the inversion occ%rs right after the neg intro for and soeties it occ%rs in the ne/t s%b,ect and verb. 2. intro adverbial a) *nto the roo ran the lady. b) 7irst coes love, then coes arriage. c) 8fter 8 coes 9, then coes :, ne/t coes -. d) -own cae the rain and washed the spider o%t. *nversion is optional. 5sed with be-verbs, lin;ing verbs, and verbs of direction. 0otice that soeties we have an adverb, li;e first and down and soeties we have an adverb phrase li;e into the roo or after 8. These adverbs and adverb phrases %s%ally show location or direction. Type ./aples 0otes This type of inversion %s%ally only occ%rs with be-verbs, lin;ing verbs and verbs that show direction or oveent, li;e coe, go, r%n, etc. 3. intro <ed a) 7o%nd in =an 7rancisco is >obard =treet, the so-called croa;iest street in the world. b) >ost aong the old tables and chairs was the priceless ?ictorian des;. c) >ocated between =an 7rancisco and @arin :o%nty is the Aolden Aate 9ridge. *nversion is obligatory. 5sed with be-verbs. This type of inversion %s%ally occ%rs with be-verbs, b%t soeties with lin;ing verbs. 0otice that the phrase is the copleent of the be-verb. 4. coparatives a) :heetahs r%n faster than do antelopes. b) Bo% spea; :hinese better than do *. c) 2essica is ore interested in :op%ter =cience than is 9en,ain. *nversion is optional. 5sed with all verbs. 6e norally only have inversion here if we are coparing s%b,ects of the verb, not ob,ects. 7or e/aple, in the following two sentences, we are coparing ob,ects, carrots and potatoes, not the s%b,ect *.: * li;e carrots ore than * do potatoes. * li;e carrots ore than do * li;e potatoes. 0ow, in this sentence, we are coparing s%b,ects, * and y friend :arl: * li;e carrots ore than does y friend :arl. !. intro coparative a) 9igger than an apatosa%r is the bl%e whale. b) @ore iportant than yo%r personal stateent is yo%r AC8. c) 0o less ipressive than the invention of *nversion is obligatory. 5sed with be-verbs. 0otice that we can only %se this for of inversion when the verb is a be-verb since in every case, the coparative is the copleent of the be-verb. Deeber that less than is also a coparative. Type ./aples 0otes the laser was the developent of the wheel. ". as a) @eg%i is fro 2apan, as is =ato. b) =o-e%n wants to leave early today, as does 1i. c) *f thrown into the water, caels can swi, as can cats. *nversion is obligatory. 5sed with all verbs. 6e can only %se inversion if we are %sing as for coparisons. as is one of the tric;iest words in .nglishE it can have any different eanings. #. soF thatF a) =o happy was * that * bo%ght flowers for everybody in class. b) =o (%ic;ly did she leave that we did not even reali3e was gone. c) =o rarely does a coet appear visible to the na;ed eye that when one does, it is considered a a,or event. 4%estion for is obligatory. 5sed with all verbs. The soF thatF cla%se %st before the verb in for this type of inversion. $. had, sho%ld, were for if- cla%ses a) Gad * reebered TooiHs birthday, she wo%ldnIt be ad at e now. b) 0ote that the word if does 01T appear in the cla%se when inversion is %sed: c) Gad * reebered J *f * had reebered d) =ho%ld yo% need a hand, * will be ore than happy to help yo%. e) =ho%ld yo% need a hand J *f yo% sho%ld need a hand f) 6ere * yo%, * thin; * wo%ld st%dy ore for yo%r e/a toorrow. *nversion is obligatory. 5sed with all verbs. This type of inversion is ;ind of special. 0otice that we can only %se this type of inversion when we are %sing an if-cla%se. *n other words, if is oitted: even tho%gh the word if does not appear in the cla%se, we still have the eaning of an if- cla%se. Type ./aples 0otes g) 6ere * yo% J *f * were yo% &. there is, there are, there e/ists, there coes, etc. a) There is a good resta%rant nearby. b) There coes a tie in every personIs life when she reali3es that she is responsible for her own happiness, not other people. c) =cientists hypothesi3e that there e/ists a certain type of particle that can travel faster than the speed of light. *nversion is obligatory. 5s%ally %sed only with these verbs. @ost people reeber there is and there are. 95T we %st also reeber that there are other verbs that we can %se instead of is and are. The ost coon ones are e/ist, coe, and go. 1'. here is, here are, here coes, here coe a) Gere is soe good food for yo% to try. b) Gere are the boo;s that * donIt need anyore. c) Gere coes the b%sK *nversion is obligatory. 5s%ally %sed only with these verbs. 6e %se this for ostly in spo;en .nglish. 11. intro -ing a) 9%rning o%t of control was the forest located in the foothills of the =ierra 0evada o%ntains. b) :oing in last in the race was 2oe ).lephant >egs) 9low. c) 0ot helping the sit%ation was little =%sie, who was throwing newspaper on the spreading fire. *nversion is obligatory. 5sed only with be-verbs. 0otice the intro <ing phrase is the copleent of the be-verb. 12. ephasis a) 9oy a * h%ngry. b) *s it ever hot in hereK c) -o yo% ;now how to coo;K *nversion is optional. 5sed with all verbs. 6e %se this for ostly in spo;en .nglish. 13. the bigger, The closer an ob,ect is to 4%estion for is optional. Type ./aples 0otes the better another ob,ect, the greater is the gravity between the two ob,ects. 5sed with all verbs. 14. (%estions a) *s this the last e/apleL b) -o yo% en,oy reading these listsL c) 8re we finished yetL *nversion is obligatory. 5sed with all verbs. 1!. )story speech) a) M* thin; itIs tie to go,N said =%san. b) M*tIs tie for yo%, b%t not for e,N replied Aary. c) M@aybe we sho%ld collect o%r tho%ghts for a oent,N coented >any. *nversion is optional. 5sed with verbs that report speech. 1". nor a) 0o one has vol%nteered for the ,ob, nor do we e/pect anyone to vol%nteer in the f%t%re. b) Go;-ing cannot spea; Cort%g%ese, nor can 2osO spea; :antonese. c) The 3oo reg%lations will not perit yo% to to%ch the anials, nor wo%ld ost people advise yo% to do so. *nversion is obligatory. 5sed with all verbs. Deeber that nor is considered a con,%nction, b%t we %se it between two sentences (not between any two eleents li;e the other con,%nctions). 1#. )so do *)+ )neither do *.) a) M=o do *.N b) M=o can Terry.N c) M0either do ost people * ;now.N *nversion is obligatory. 5sed with all verbs. 1$. intro ad,ective a) 9ea%tif%l beyond belief was y baby da%ghter. b) Gappy abo%t their *nversion is obligatory in ost cases. 5sed with be-verbs. *nversion is soeties not %sed in poetic lang%age. Type ./aples 0otes acceptance into their drea schools were >any and Too. c) 4%ic; and painless will be yo%r edical proced%re.