í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 3 -V-™„j 2008-
Yoga: Has Kusala bought that car after all?
(Éçûªéà èπ◊¨¡© Ç car é̆oü∆?)
Kshema: Not that I know of. I met her just the
day before and she didn't say any-
thing about it.
(à¢Á÷ ´’J; Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ-†ç-ûª-´-®Ωèπÿ ™‰ü¿’.
¢Á·†oØË ûª††’ éπL-¨»†’ ؈’. Ç N≠æߪ’ç
ûªØËO’ îÁ°æp-™‰ü¿’ Ø√èπ◊)
Yoga: She was particular about it. No matter
what I said, and no matter what the
price would go for it.
(Ç car éÌØ√-©E °æô’d-ü¿-©í¬ ÖçC. ØËØÁçûª
îÁ°œpØ√, Ç car áçûª üµ¿È®jØ√ ûª†’ éÌØËç-ü¿’Íé
E®Ωg-®·ç--èπ◊çC.)
Kshema: It's all the better if she buys it. She will
be spending more if she goes for a
new car. That will cost more than this.
(Ñ car é̆-úø¢Ë’ †ßª’ç. éÌûªh-鬮Ω’ éÌçõ‰
DE-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ üµ¿Í® Öçô’çC. Å°æ¤púø’
áèπ◊\´ ê®Ωa-´¤-ûª’çC.)
Yoga: Let her first make sure of her driving.
Can she drive well?
(¢Á·ü¿ô ûª† driving O’ü¿ †´’téπç ûÁa-
éÓF. ¶«í¬ØË drive îËߪ’-í∫-©ü∆?)
Kshema: I saw her driving two or three times
but was not on the car when she
drove. To be on the safe side she had
better have some more practice
before she
buy's this car.
(ûª†’ car †úø-
°æ-úøç ؈’
È®çúø’-´‚úø’
≤ƒ®Ω’x îª÷¨»†’.
Not that I know of
-Å®·-ûË ûª†’ drive îËÆæ’h-†o-°æ¤púø’ ØËØ√ car
™ -™‰Ë†’. àüË-¢Á’i-Ø√/ -àD ï®Ω-èπ◊\çú≈
ÖçúËç-ü¿’èπ◊, car éÌØË-´·çü¿’ ´’J-éÌçûª dri-
ving practice îËÊÆh ´’ç*C.)
Yoga: It will of her good.
(ÅC ´’ç*üË)
Kshema: (Do you) know what happened yes-
terday? I was crossing the road in
heavy track. A car almost hit me. Just
in the nick of time I reached the other
side. It was hair-breadth escape.
(EØËoç- ï-J-TçüÓ ûÁ©’≤ƒ? traffic áèπ◊\-´í¬
Ö†o-°æ¤púø’ road ü∆ô’-ûª’-Ø√o†’. äéπ -鬮Ω’
††’o ü∆ü∆°æ¤ úµŒ éÌöÀdçC. ÅC ïJÍí
éπ~ù«-EéÀ ´·çü¿’ ؈-´-ûª-LéÀ îË®Ω’-èπ◊Ø√o.
(¢Áçvô’-éπ- ¢√-Æœ™ ûª°œpç--èπ◊Ø√o).
The car sped away though I stood
there grinding my teeth at the driver.
It could have been a hit and run case.
(Ç car driver O’ü¿ °æ∞¡Ÿx -éÌ-®Ω’-èπ◊ûª÷ E©’-
Ø√o- ؈’, car ´÷vûªç ¢Ëí∫çí¬ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-
®·çC. úµŒéÌöÀd §ƒJ-§ÚßË’ Ææç°∂æ’-ô†
Åߪ·uç-úËüË E†o).
Yoga: You're lucky to be alive. Your 'yoga'
was good.
(Éçé¬ •A-èπ◊ç-úøôç F Åü¿%-≠d¢æ Ë’. F
'ßÁ÷í∫ç— ¶«í∫’çC.) Congrats.
Kshema: Thank you. Oh, sorry. I owe you a
hundred rupees. Sorry I've delayed.
I'll give it this evening.
(Sorry.
ØËFoéÓ ´çü¿-®Ω÷-§ƒ-ߪ’© Å°æ¤pØ√o†’
éπü∆? Ç©Ææuç Å®·çC, É´yúøç. Ñ
≤ƒßª’çvûªç ÉîËa-≤ƒh†’.)
Yoga: Doesn't matter. I can wait.
(°∂æ®√y-™‰-ü¿’™‰. ØËØ√-í∫-í∫-©†’.)
Kshema: You are such a good friend.
Daily life situations ™ ¢√úË ´’J-éÌEo expres-
sions ´’†ç É°æ¤púø’ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç. OöÀ frequency
(¢√úË-≤ƒ®Ω’x) î√-™« áèπ◊\´. î√-™« Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫-°æ-úø-û√®·
´’†ç ´÷ö«x-úË-ô°æ¤púø’. ¶«í¬ simple expressions
é¬-´-úøç ´©x conversational ease Öçô’çC.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
Look at the following expressions from the
conversation above:
1) Not that I know of. I met her the day before
and she didn't say anything about it.
2) No matter what I said, and no matter what the
price she'd still buy it
3) It's all the better if she buys that car
4) to be on the safe side she had better have
some more practice
5) I reached the other side just in the nick of the
time.
Pragna: No matter. I can wait till tomorrow =
6) ... Though I stood there grinding my teeth at 5) In the nick of time =
°∂æ®√y-™‰-ü¿’™‰. Í®°æ-öÀ-ü∆é¬ Öçúø-í∫-©†’.] *´-J-éπ~-ùç™.
the driver. a) Luckily the police arrived in the nick of time
No matter what ÉC °j ¢√öÀéÀ ü¿í∫_-®Ωí¬ Ö†o ÉçéÓ
and saved the girl =
7) It'd have been a hit and run case expression - Å®Ωnç – àüË-¢Á’iØ√ ÆæÍ® (ï®Ω-í¬-LqçC
*´-J-éπ~-ùç-™/- Åçû√
8) (It) doesn't matter
Å®·-§Ú-®·ç-ü¿-†’-èπ◊†o Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™, Åü¿%-≠d-´æ -¨»ûª’h
ïJT B®Ω’-ûª’çC)
police -¢√-∞ Ô}-*a Ç Å´÷t-®·E ®ΩéÀ~ç-î √®Ω’.
1) Not that I know of = Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ-†çûª´®Ωèπÿ ™‰ü¿’/ a) I'll meet the officer no matter what =
b) There will be no use coming to me in the
é¬ü¿’. Ñ expression ¢√úË Ææçü¿-®√s¥©’ ´’†èπ◊ àüË-¢Á’iØ√ ÆæÍ®, officer E éπLÆœ B®Ω-û√†’. nick of time = *´-J-éπ~-ùç™ Ø√ü¿-í∫_-®Ω-éÌ-ÊÆh- ØËØËç
áèπ◊\-´-í¬ØË ûªô-Ææn-°æ-úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®·. à¢Á÷! Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ- b) No matter what, I'll be there tomorrow =
†çûª´®Ωèπÿ ™‰ü¿’– Å-E ûÁ©’-í∫’™ èπÿú≈ î√™«≤ƒ®Ωxç- îËߪ’-™‰†’.
àüË-¢Á’iØ√ ÆæÍ® Í®°æ¤ ؈-éπ\-úø’çö«. c) He came in the nick of time when the plane
ô’çö«ç éπü∆? Åçü¿’èπ◊ ÆæÈ®j† English ´÷ô, 'Not 3) All the better -
was about to start = Plane
ÉC èπÿú≈ ´’†-èπ◊ -î√-™« Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫-
that I know of' °æúË expression- conversational - áèπ◊\-´í¬ •ßª’-™‰l-Í®-´·çü¿’,
airport
a) Kinnera: Has she
¢√úøçúÕ. Å®Ωnç = ÅC *´-J-éπ~-ùç™ èπ◊ ´î√a-úø-ûª-úø’.
a house here? In the nick of time èπ◊ ü¿í∫_®Ω Å®Ωnç ÖçúË ÉçéÓ
Éçé¬ ´’ç*C/ ´’ç*-ü¿-
expression - In the eleventh hour.
(Ç¢Á’-Íé-´’Ø√o Ééπ\úø ®·çC, Åçûª-´-®Ωèπÿ ÅE.
a) In the eleventh hour oxygen was given to
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
É©’xçü∆?) a) The curry was all
him and he was saved =
Kasturi: Not that I 473 the better for the ten
oxygen
*´-J-éπ~-ùç™ Åûª-úÕéÀ
know of. minutes extra frying = Éî√a®Ω’, Åûª-úø’ •A-é¬úø’.
b) Eleventh hour deci-
sions usually go
wrong =
BÆæ’-èπ◊ØË
ûª’ç-ö«®·.
*´-J-éπ~-ùç™
E®Ωg-ߪ÷©’
´÷´‚-©’í¬ ûª°æ¤p-´¤-
(Ç¢Á’èπ◊ Ééπ\úø É©’x†o Ææçí∫A Ø√èπ◊ -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ü¿’/ èπÿ®Ω °æC EN’-≥ƒ--™„-èπ◊\´ ¢Ëí∫úøç c) He got such low marks because of his
Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ-†çûª ´’ô’èπ◊ ™‰üË) ´’ç*üË Å®·çC. (°æC EN’-≥ƒ- eleventh hour preparation = *´-J-éπ~-ùç™
b) Satvik: Ritwick has phoned, hasn't he?
™„-èπ◊\´ °æöÀdØ√ ´’ç*üË marks
Æœü¿l¥ç-é¬-´-úøç-´©x Åûª-úÕéÀ ûªèπ◊\´ ´î√a®·.
(-JAyé˙ phone îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’ éπü∆?) Å®·çC, èπÿ®Ω áèπ◊\´ ®Ω’*í¬ 6) Grinding my/ his/ somebody's teeth =
Karthik: Not that I know of
Öçü¿E) (Grind, ground - past
éÓ°æçûÓ °æ∞¡Ÿx -éÌ-®Ω-éπ-úøç
b) It's all the better he tense and past participle)
doesn't know Telugu. We
(îËÆœ-†ô’x Ø√Íéç -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ü¿’/ Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ-†çûª
a) He ground his teeth as the speaker criti-
M.SURESAN
´’ô’èπ◊ ™‰ü¿’) can say whatever we like
cised him = Ö°æ-Ø√u-Ææ-èπ◊úø’ ûª††’ N´’-Jz-Ææ’hçõ‰
of him =
ÉC Å´-鬨¡ç ´*a-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x ¢√úøçúÕ.
¢√úÕéÀ ûÁ©’í∫’
2) No matter = à--üË-¢Á’i†-°æp-öÀéÃ/ áçûÁjØ√
Åûª-úø’ éÓ°æçûÓ °æ∞¡Ÿx -éÌ-®Ω’-èπ◊-ûª’-Ø√oúø’.
ûÁ-L-ߪ’éπ-§Ú-´-úøç ´’ç*üË Å®·çC. ¢√úÕ í∫’-Jç-* b) She grinds her teeth even at the mention of
a) No matter how hard he tried, he could not
´’†ç à¢Á’iØ√ îÁ°æ¤p-éÓ-´îª’a. her divorced husband's name = NúÕ-§Ú-®·†
get her love = Åûª-úø’ áçûª v°æߪ’-Aoç-*Ø√, Ç¢Á’ 4) To be on the safe side = É•sçC ™‰èπ◊çú≈
vÊ°´’†’ §Òçü¿-™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’.
ûª† ¶µº®Ωh Ê°®Ω’ Nçõ‰- î√©’, Ç¢Á’ °æ∞¡Ÿx éÌ®Ω’-èπ◊\ç-
b) No matter what you say, I don't believe you
ÖçúËç-ü¿’èπ◊ (´·çü¿’ ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬)/ üËE-ÈéjØ√ ´’ç*C/ ô’çC, éÓ°æçûÓ.
áçü¿’-ÈéjØ√ ´’ç*C. 7) Hit and run case = Road Accidents N≠æ-
want to help me = †’¢Áyçûª/ †’¢Ëyç îÁ°œpØ√ a) Rs. 1500 may be enough, but take a little ߪ’ç™, accident éπL-TçîË driver (ÉçéÓ- ¢√-£æ«-Ø√Eo,
†’´¤y Ø√èπ◊ ≤ƒßª’ç îË≤ƒh´E ؈’ †´’t†’. more, just to be on the safe side = °æC-Ê£«†’ á´-È®jØ√ ´uéÀhE úµŒéÌöÀd† driver) ûª† ¢√£æ«-Ø√Eo
c) No matter where you live, they will still trou-
´çü¿© ®Ω÷§ƒ-ߪ’©’ î√©’. é¬E üËE-ÈéjØ√ ´’ç*C Ç°æ-èπ◊çú≈ §ƒJ-§Ú-´-úøç.
ble you = †’¢Áy-éπ\-úø’Ø√o, Fèπ◊ ¢√∞¡Ÿx ¶«üµ¿ éπ-L-T- a) He died in the hit and run accident= 鬮Ω’ úµŒéÌE,
é¬Ææh áèπ◊\´ BÆæ’Èé∞¡Ÿx.
Ææ÷hØË Öçö«®Ω’. b) The road is safe, but just to be on the safe 鬮Ω’ Ç°æE accident ™ Åûª-úø’ îªE-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’.
[Éçûªèπ◊´·çü¿’ lesson ™ no matter èπ◊ -Ö-†o side take some one with you = Ç road b) He is a hit and run driver and everybody
knows it = Accident
ÉçéÓ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç ûÁ©’Ææ’-èπ◊Ø√oç éπü∆? °∂æ®√y™‰-ü¿’™‰ v°æ´÷-ü¿-¢Á’içüËç é¬ü¿÷, áçü¿’-ÈéjØ√ ´’ç*C. á´-®Ωo-
driver
©’ îËÆœ ¢√£æ«-Ø√Eo Ç°æ-
ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ èπÿú≈ no matter ¢√úøû√ç. ®·Ø√ ûÓúø’ BÆæ’-Èé∞¡Ÿx. èπ◊çú≈ ¢ÁRx-§ÚßË’ Åûª-úø’. Åûª-úøç-ü¿-JéÃ
eg: Pranav: I'm sorry I can't lend you my book c) Take another copy of the letter, to be on the ûÁ©’Ææ’.
today safe side = letter 8) It doesn't matter = It's no matter = no matter
= Fèπ◊ -Ñ®ÓV Ø√ °æ¤Ææhéπç áçü¿’-ÈéjØ√ ´’ç*C, Ç ÉçéÓ
sorry. copy = °∂æ®Ω-¢√-™‰ü¿’.
É´y-™‰†’, BÆæ’éÓ.
Q. 1) She looks upon sex as a commodity to ´®Ω{ç 鬮Ω-ùçí¬ match ®Ωü¿l-®·çC.
be exploited to the fullest for her own b) By means of = ûªü∆y®√.
personal gratification. DEéÀ ûÁ©’í∫’ Å®Ωnç He came up in life by means of hard
To be exploited
îÁ°æp-í∫-©®Ω’. Åçõ‰ Å®Ωnç work =
A.
àN’öÀ? 1) Ç¢Á’ Sex †’ (¨¡%çí¬-®√Eo) ûª† ≤ƒy®Ωn ûª%°œh- -v¨¡-´’ -ü∆y®√ Åûª-úø’ @N-ûªç™ °jéÌ-î√aúø’.
By means of his contacts he can get
2) ÉçTx≠ˇ ¶«í¬ ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©-†’èπ◊-ØË¢√∞¡xèπ◊ éπ´‚u-E- éÓÆæç ¢√úø’-éÓ-ü¿-T† ´Ææ’h-´¤í¬ îª÷Ææ’hçC.
anything done =
2) Communication Skills ᙫ °ç§Òç-Cç--
Íé-≠æØ˛ Æœ\™¸q ᙫ °ç§Òç-Cç--éÓ-¢√™
Ææ÷îª-†©’ É´y-í∫-©®Ω’. éÓ-¢√™ Éçûªèπ◊´·çü¿’ î√™«-≤ƒ®Ω’x N´-Jç* ûª†-èπ◊†o Ææç•ç-üµ∆© ü∆y®√ Åûª-úø’ -à
3) This turns out to be particularly unfortu- ÖØ√oç. °æØÁjØ√ îË®·ç-îª-í∫-©úø’.
nate. DEéÀ ûÁ©’í∫’ Å®Ωnç îÁ°æpí∫-©®Ω’. 3) ´·êuçí¬ ÉC î√-™« ü¿’®Ωü¿%-≠æd-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† c) In accordance with = Ç v°æ鬮Ωç.
4) Because of, by means of, in accor- N≠æ-ߪ’çí¬ ûªßª÷-È®jçC. In accordance with the agreement she
dance with- ÉN àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥-©™ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷- 4) a) Because of = Ç é¬®Ω-ùçí¬. should vacate the house =
The match was cancelled because of
T-≤ƒh®Ó -ûÁ-©’°æí∫-©®Ω’. ä°æpçü¿ç v°æ鬮Ωç Ç¢Á’ É©’x ë«SîËߪ÷L.
- G.Suresh, Guntur. the rain =
-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 6 -V-™„j 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

B: I would be, indeed =

Q. Indeed, Rather than ©èπ◊
-Å®Ωn-¢Ë’-N’-öÀ? -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ -O-öÀ - Å´¤†’. ÅC Eï¢Ë’.
¢√-úø’éπ í∫’-Jç-* -ûÁ-©’°æí∫-©®Ω’. 3) Indeed -†’ ´·çü¿’ ņo-´÷-ôèπ◊ ´uA-Í®-
- P.Sreenivasulu, éπçí¬ ´îËa Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√úøû√ç.
Hyderabad. He wasn't disappointed at all. Indeed
A. Indeed -†’ -Gµ-†o Ææç-ü¿®√s¥- he was happy =
™x -¢ËÍ®y®Ω’ -Å®√n-©’ -Å-ûªúø-Ææ©’ E®Ω’-û√q-£æ«-°æ-úø-™‰ü¿’. Éçé¬ î√™«
üµ¿y-Eç-îË-™« -¢√-úø-û√ç. ÆæçûÓ-≠œç-î√úø’.
1) Indeed= Eïçí¬ (really) Rather than= È®çúø’ ¢ËÍ®y®Ω’ N≠æ-ߪ÷-©†’
A friend in need is a friend indeed. §Ú©’Ææ÷h äéπöÀ ÉçéÓü∆E-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ ÅE
comparative degree ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ rather
(Å´-Ææ-®√-EéÀ ´îËa ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’úË Eïçí¬/ Eï-¢Á’i† Q. 1. Thirteen day training programme for the A. 1. You are correct. It should be 'A thir-
than ¢√-úø-û√ç. Éçé¬ preference (É≠ædûª)
ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’úø’) teachers. DEEheading A
í¬ ¢√úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’ teen day-tour' ÅE-í¬F, 'A thirteen
2) Indeed -†’– 'Å´¤†’ ÅC éπ®Ωé˙d—/ 'Å´¤†’ ÅC
ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úøû√ç. thirteen day training Thirteen
ÅE-í¬E, days' tour' ÅE-í¬F ®√ߪ’úøç correct.
Eï¢Ë’— – ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ èπÿú≈ ¢√úøû√ç. I'd rather starve than eat that food = days training ÅE-í¬E ®√ߪ’-†-´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü∆? Å®·ûË Newspaper Headlines ™
A: Would you be happy if I gave you
Å™«çöÀ ǣ慮Ωç AØËç-ü¿’éπçõ‰ ؈’ °æÆæ’h 2. The Prime Minister left New Delhi on a four articles (A/ an and the) omit îËߪ’-úøç
some more money? -Öç-úËç-ü¿’Íé É≠æd-°æ-úø-û√†’ = Rather than eat day visit to Australia- Ñ ¢√éπuç ÆæÈ®j-†-üËØ√? Ææçv°æü∆ߪ’ç. ÅC ûª°æ¤pí¬ Å†’-éÓ®Ω’.
that food I'd starve. - Pavani & Sudha, Matsyapuri 2. ÅC ÆæÈ®j-†üË.
(Éçé¬Ææh úøGsÊÆh †’´¤y ÆæçûÓ-≠œ-≤ƒh¢√?)

Q.

Study late into the night

1. Billet-doux, love letter 6. Molestation, nuisance Ñ
äéπ-õ‰Ø√? È®çúÕç-öÀéÀ àçöÀ Ææç•çüµ¿ç? ÅÆæ-
2. Epistle, Missive ©’ à ®Ωéπ-¢Á’i† ™„™« ´*açC O’é¬ Idea?
Öûªh-®√©’? Molestation- ¨»K-®Ω-éπçí¬, ™„jçT-

3. Vale, Valedictory function, farewell, send off,

éπçí¬ ´·êuçí¬ °œ©x-©†’ £œ«çÆœç-
3. Vale = Valley = ™ߪ’. îªúøç.
Adieu äéπ-õ‰Ø√? Vale poetic.
ÅØËC Nuisance = *é¬èπ◊, ¶«üµ¿ éπL-Tç-îªúøç.
4. Venality, Bribery Valediction= OúÓ\©’ °æ©- Mutation - @´-¨»≤ƒYEéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† ´÷ô–
äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
5. Baccy,
äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
Tobacco, snout, guvnor, boss
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 474
éπúøç, ´·êuçí¬ ã OúÓ\©’
Æ涵º™– ÉC î√™« §ƒçúÕûªuç,
´’†’-≠æfl-©, îÁôx, ïçûª’-´¤© u-°æ-ü∆-®√n©’, ¢√öÀ
Ææçûª-A™ îÁçüË -´÷®Ω’p.
6. Molestation, Nuisance, Mutation, Alteraction, ´÷´‚©’ OúÓ\-©’èπ◊ ¢√úøç. Alteraction = Ñ ´÷ô English ™ ™‰ü¿’.
Vicissitude, Variation É´Fo äéπ-õ‰Ø√? Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ùèπ◊ Terrorism èπÿ, Nihilism èπÿ (´uèπ◊h© •%çü∆-EéÓ, Nü∆u-®Ω’n© Vicissitude = äéπJ @N-ûªç™E ´’©’-°æ¤©’, Ææ´’-
M.SURESAN
7. Nihilism, Terrorism Ææç•çüµ¿ç àç Öçü¿E ûËú≈ N´-Jç-îª-´’ç-ö«®Ω’? Ææ´‚-£æ…-EéÓ, v°æûËu-éπ Æ涵º™ Ææu©÷.
8. Lucubration – Nocturnal study äéπ-õ‰Ø√? O’®Ω’ ´’ç* dictionary ≤ƒßª’ç BÆæ’-éÓçúÕ. Ñ °æLÍé OúÓ\©’). Variation = ûËú≈/ ´÷®Ω’p.
9. Noontide, Noon, Noon time- eventide, Spoken English lessons ™ ´÷´‚©’ daily Valedictory function= °j† ûÁL°œ† ÖüËl-¨¡çûÓ
7. Nihilism = N’ü∑∆u¢√ü¿ç. v°æ°æç-îªç™ ´’ûª, ≤ƒç°∂œ’éπ
evening, eve äéπ-õ‰Ø√? life situations ™ ¢√úË ´÷ô©’, ¢√öÀ ¢√úø’éπ à®√p-ô’-îË-Æœ† Æ涵º/ ¢Ëúø’éπ †´’t-é¬-©èπÿ, Çî√-®√-©èπÿ à N©’-¢√-™‰ü¿’, ÅN °æE-éÀ-
- U. Ajay Kumar, Adilabad. í∫’Jç* ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ûÁLߪ’ñ‰ßª’-í∫©ç, í∫´’-EçîªçúÕ. Farewell= OúÓ\©’. Give/ say a farewell =
®√-´ØË ûªûªyç.
A. O’®Ω’ ®√Æœ† ´÷ô© Ææ´·-ü∆-ߪ÷© (sets of 1. Billet- doux (G-©ö¸úø÷)= love letter. Å®·ûË OúÓ\©’ îÁ°æp-úøç (ã ´uéÀh ÉçéÓ-´uéÀh/ ´uèπ◊h-©èπ◊)= Terrorism = Bv´ £œ«ç≤ƒ-¢√ü¿ç.
Billet- doux, french ´÷ô– á°æ¤p-úÁjØ√ £æ…≤ƒu-EéÀ ™‰ü∆ sendoff= ¢ÁRx-§Ú-ûª’†o ´uéÀhE ≤ƒí∫-†ç-°æúøç.
words) ™ éÌEo sets, synonyms, î√™« áèπ◊\´ 8. Lucubration (î√™« Å®Ω’ü¿’) = Nocturnal study
sets ™E ´÷ô™x äéπ-ü∆-E-éÌ-éπöÀ Ææç•çüµ¿ç ™‰EE ví¬çC∑-éπçí¬ ¢√úË-´÷ô, Åçü¿-Jéà ŮΩnçé¬éπ§Ú´îª’a. Adieu = goodbye – ÉC §ƒûª-üÁj-§Ú-®·çC. v°æÆæ’hûªç
2. Epistle - ÅÆæ-©®Ωnç - Jesus ¢Á·ü¿öÀ ņ’-îª-®Ω’©’
(Å®Ω’ü¿’) = ®√vA°æ‹ô î√™«-ÊÆ°æ¤ v¨¡N’ç* îªü¿-´úøç.
ÖØ√o®·. éÌEo sets ™E éÌEo ´÷ô©’ î√™« ¢√úø’-éπ™ ™‰ü¿’.
Study late into the night Åçõ‰ Åçü¿-Jéà ŮΩnç
ví¬çC∑-éπ-¢Á’i-†N, formal written English ™ èπÿú≈ ®√Æœ† Öûªh-®√™x àüÁjØ√. ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç = àüÁjØ√ 4. Venality= úø•’s-éÓÆæç FA-´÷-L† °æ†’©’ îËߪ’úøç=
bribery= -©ç-îªç. È®çúø÷ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äéπõ‰. Å®·ûË
Å´¤-ûª’çC éπü∆?
î√™« Å®Ω’-ü¿’í¬ éπE-°œç-îËN. Spoken English ™ ´·êu-¢Á’i† N≠æߪ’ç í∫’Jç* Ææ’D-®Ω`-¢Á’i† ™‰ê– ví¬çC∑-
9. äéπõ‰. Å®·ûË noontide ví¬çC∑éπç.
ÅÆæ©’ ¢√úø-EN– ¢√úÕØ√ á´JéÀ Å®Ωnç é¬èπ◊çú≈ éπçí¬ é¬F ™‰ü∆ £æ…≤ƒu-E-éÀ-í¬F ¢√úË-´÷ô. ´÷´‚©’ Venality ví¬çC∑éπç. Spoken English ™ Å®Ω’ü¿’.
communication break éπL-Tç-îËN. O’K °æü∆-©†’ Öûªh-®√-EéÀ ÉC- ¢√úøç. 5. Baccy= ¶«uéÀ (British English ™ ´÷vûª¢Ë’– ¶«u,
O’®Ω’ à book of synonyms †’ç-îÓ ÊÆéπ-Jç-*†
áéπ\-úø-†’ç* ÊÆéπ-Jç-î√®Ó ûÁL-ߪ’úø癉ü¿’; ÉçéÓ Missive Åçõ‰ èπÿú≈ ´·êu- N-≠æ-ߪ’ç í∫’Jç-* Bank ™ ba ™«)= Tobacco. Snout èπ◊ Tabacco
´÷ô-©†’ Ééπ\úø ÅúÕ-T-†-ô’d-Ø√o®Ω’. Å™«çöÀ °æ¤Ææh-é¬-
N≠æߪ’ç, à Ææç•çüµ¿ç ™‰E 4, 5 ´÷ô-©†’ äÍé set Ææ’D-®Ω`-¢Á’i† ÅCµ-é¬-Jéπ ™‰ê– ví¬çC∑éπç, £æ…≤ƒu-EéÀ ¢√úË- èπ◊ àçÆæç-•çüµ¿ç? Snout Åçõ‰ °æçC ™«çöÀ ©™ Ö†o ´çü¿™«C ´÷ô-©†’ N´-Jç-îª-úøç éπ≠dçæ
™ îª÷°œç* É´Fo äéπ-õ‰Ø√ ÅE Åúø’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. ´÷ô. ´÷´‚©’ Öûªh-®√-©èπ◊ Ñ ´÷ô ¢√úøôç ïçûª’-´¤© ´·èπ◊\, ØÓ®Ω÷ éπL°œ. éπü∆? Åçü¿’-™†÷ ÅN Spoken English ™
Guvnor= boss (Guvnor- British Eng)
O’èπ◊ ¢√öÀE ᙫ N´-Jç-î√™ Å®Ωnç 鬴-úøç-™‰ü¿’. îµ√çü¿-Ææçí¬ NE-°œ-Ææ’hçC. N-E°œç-îË-N é¬-´¤.

Q. -Ñ ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ -á-™« -îÁ-§ƒp-L? 8. ÖvûËp-é~¬-©ç-鬮Ωç A. 1. He ruined the institution by We should conduct ourselves,
8. ÖvûËp-é¬~ -©ç-鬮Ωç– DEéÀ ÆæÈ®j† °æü¿ç
his high handed behaviour. conscious of our serious respon-
1. ûª† ü¿’®Ω’Ææ’ v°æ´-®Ωh-†ûÓ Nü∆u-©-ߪ÷Eo 9. Nví∫-£æ…Eo ÇN-≠æ\-Jç-î√®Ω’. English ™ ™‰ü¿’.
2. Conducting/ organising a felici- sibility.
v¶µº≠æfld °æöÀdç-î√úø’. 10. ®Óúø’f °æéπ\† ´®Ω{-°æ¤-F-öÀéÀ °ü¿l ´’úø’- 9. Unveiled the statue.
tation ceremony (English ™ 4. The services he rendered to the
10. Buffaloes are lolling about in
2. ÆæØ√t-Ø√Eo E®Ωy-£œ«ç-îªúøç/ ÆæØ√t† 鬮Ωu- í∫’™« à®ΩpúÕ •vÈ®©’, ü¿’†o-§Ú-ûª’©’
Éçûª-éπçõ‰ ÆæÈ®j† ´÷ô ™‰ü¿’. -Ñ nation are invaluable.
the large puddle (of rain water)
véπ´’ç. ™«çöÀ °æ¨¡Ÿ-´¤-©èπ◊ véÃú≈¨¡-ߪ’-¢Á’içC.
3. ´’† í∫’®Ω’-ûª®Ω ¶«üµ¿u-ûª-ØÁ-JT v°æ´-Jhç-î√L. DE°j ¢ÁçôØË ÆæpçCç* ûªT† Ωu -´÷-ô Åçûªí¬ ÆæJ-§Úü¿’. ÆæØ√t† 鬮Ωu- 5. He is good at writing and form- along the margin of the road.
4. Çߪ’† ñ«AéÀ îËÆœ† ÊÆ´©’ ¢Á©-™‰-EN. BÆæ’-éÓ-´’E ´·Eq-°æ™¸ ÅCµ-é¬-®Ω’-©†’ véπ-´÷-©èπ◊ Ççí∫x Ææçv°æü∆-ߪ’ç™ Åçûª ing as well. The Municipal authorities are
5. éπ©ç, £æ«©-´·-©çü¿’ °∂æ’†’úø’. éÓ®Ω-úø-¢Á’içC. v§ƒ´·êuç ™‰ü¿’) 6. Emended by scholars. requested to respond and take
3. We should behave with a high
- Y. Gayathri, Asifabad. immediate action to end this.
6. °æçúÕûª °æJ-≠æ\%ûªç.
7. In his/ her own style.
7. ûª†-üÁj† ¨ÎjL™ sense of responsibility/

Q. 1. éÌçü¿®Ω’ Grammar Depth í¬ îÁ•’û√ç Åçô’-Ø√o®Ω’. Q. 1. Active Voice ™ verb 12 ®Ω÷§ƒ™x Ö†oô’x ®√¨»®Ω’. ´’®ÌéπîÓô verb Q. 1. Consonant sounds V, W ©èπ◊ ûËú≈ àN’öÀ?
´’J-éÌç-ü¿®Ω’ Grammar Deep í¬ îÁ•’û√ç Åçô’-Ø√o®Ω’. 6 ®Ω鬩’ ÅØ√o®Ω’. àC éπÈ®èπ◊d? 2. Present perfect continuous, past perfect continu-
Éçü¿’™ àC éπÈ®é˙d? 2. Pratibha Plus ™ èπÿú≈ ÉçTx≠ˇ ví¬´’Í® ÉÊÆh ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC. -ví¬-´’®˝èπ◊ ous, future perfect continuous, future continuous
2. Tenses ™ perfect continuous tense ©èπ◊ passive -v§ƒ-´·-êuç -É-´yí∫-©®Ω’. tense passive voice
èπ◊ ™‰ü¿ç-ö«®Ω’ éπü∆. áçü¿’èπ◊
form (voice) áçü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úø-èπÿ-úøüÓ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. - S. Satyanarayana Murthy, Kakinada transitive verbs
™‰ü¿’. OöÀ™ èπÿú≈ ¢√úøû√ç éπü∆, N´-
– V.B. Naidu, Ganapathi, Bhimavaram A. 1. Active Voice
™E 12 forms
Å®·Ø√ passive voice 8 forms
™E Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
A. 1. Grammar deep í¬ îÁ•’û√ç ņúøç correct. Å®·Ø√, Ç 6 forms
™ØË Öçö«®·. English voice
™ à ™E à - P. Srinivasa Rao, Pitapuram
2. Perfect continuous tenses èπ◊ passive form î√™«
verbÅ®·Ø√ Ñ six forms- 1) be form 2) be form + ...ing form A. 1. °j ´-®ΩÆæ °æ∞¡x†’ éÀçC °ü¿-NéÀ û√éÀÊÆh ´îËa ¨¡•lç V. ÉC
3) be form + pp (passive) 4) Have/ has/ had/ shall have/ will F èπ◊ ü¿í∫_®Ω. °ü¿-´¤-©†’ í∫’çvúøçí¬ A°œp- Ø√-©’-éπ†’ flat í¬
Å≤˘-éπ-®Ωuçí¬, éπ%ûª-éπçí¬ grammar éÓÆæç grammar í¬ have, etc + pp 5) Doing words 6) Shall/ should/ will/ would
(English ®√ߪ’-ú≈-EéÀ, ´÷ö«x-úø-ö«-EéÀ é¬èπ◊çú≈) éπ-E°œÆæ’hç- °öÀd Öîªa-JçîË ¨¡•lç 'W'. V, W ©èπ◊ É™« î√™« ûËú≈ ÖçC.
etc + 1st Regular Doing Word -
2. ÉC Éçûªèπ◊´·çü¿’ N´-Jçî√ç. OöÀéÀ passive î√™«
OöÀ™ äéπ-öÀ-í¬ØË Öçô’çC.
ô’ç--C. (have/ has/ had/ shall have/ will have been 2. Pratibha Plus ™ Vocabulary (words- ¢√öÀ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç)
being + PP)– ÉD ¢√öÀéÀ passive - ÉC áçûª éπ%ûª-éπçí¬, grammar éÓÆæç grammar í¬ Öçô’çC. OöÀéÀ
É•sç-C-éπ-®Ω¢Á÷ ûÁ©’-≤ÚhçC éπü∆? ®√ߪ’úøç™ ÖüËl¨¡ç grammar ûÓ¶«ô’ §ƒ®∏Ω-èπ◊©’ °æü¿ Ææç°æ-ü¿†’ èπÿú≈ passive î√ü¿Ææhçí¬ Öçô’çC.
°ç-éÓ-¢√-©E.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 8 -V-™„j 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Arogya: Kundan made a fool of himself yester- Iswarya: Things are going to be different from
day, didn't he? Monday. The class hours will be from 8
(èπ◊çü¿Ø˛ E†o äöÀd ¢ÁvJ-¶«-í∫’-©-¢√-úÕ™« v°æ´-Jhç- to 3, instead of from 10 to 5 as they are
î√úø’ éπü∆?) now.
Iswarya: Yes, by making jokes that were all out (≤Ú´’-¢√®Ωç †’ç* °æJ-Æœn-ûª’©’ ´÷®Ω-û√®·
of place. éπü∆. Classes É°æpöÀ™«í¬ 10 †’ç* 5
(Å´¤†’, ÅÆæç-ü¿-®Ωs¥-¢Á’i† jokes ¢ËÆœ.) ´®Ωèπ◊ é¬èπ◊çú≈ 8 †’ç* 3 ´®Ωèπ◊çö«®·.)
Arogya: He wasn't aware that others were pok- Arogya: That certainly is a change for the
ing fun at him. I was really sorry for him. worse. We have to get up rather early
(ûª††’ Éûª-®Ω’©’ Çô-°æ-öÀd-Ææ’h-Ø√o-®ΩE Åûª-úÕ-éπ®Ωnç in the morning .
鬙‰ü¿’. Eïçí¬ ÅûªúÕ í∫’Jç* ؈’ ¶«üµ¿-°æ- (Ñ ´÷®Ω’p ´©x îÁúË. §Òü¿’l† Éçé¬Ææh ûªy®Ωí¬ c) Why make a fool of yourself by offering c) Would she take it amiss if I offered help =
úø’-ûª’-Ø√o†’.) ™‰¢√Lq ´Ææ’hçC.) advice unasked = Éûª®Ω’©’ Åúøèπ◊\çú≈ØË Ææ©-£æ…- ؈’ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç ÅçCÊÆh Ǣ˒´’Ø√o ŧƒ®Ωnç îËÆæ’-
Iswarya: I tried to warn him, but he took it Iswarya: (There is) no helping it. Things are not
L*a ¢ÁvJ-¢√-úÕ-´-E-°œç--èπ◊ç-ö«-¢Áç-ü¿’èπ◊? èπ◊çô’çü∆?. amiss = ûª°æ¤p/ §Ò®Ω-§ƒô’
amiss. He thought I was discouraging in our hands.
2) Out of place - ÅÆæç-ü¿-®Ωs¥-¢Á’i† Something is amiss some where = áéπ\úÓ àüÓ
him out of envy. (ûª°æpü¿’. ´’† îËûª’™x àO’ ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆.) a) His jokes were out of place on such a seri- §Ò®Ω-§ƒô’/ ûª°æ¤pçC.
(ÅûªúÕE £«îªa-Jç-î√-©E v°æߪ’-Aoç-î√†’. é¬F High frequency expressions used in daily ous occasion = Ç í∫çHµ-®Ωçí¬ Ö†o Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ 5) What was the matter with him?
Åûªúø’ ††’o ŧƒ®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’. ØËØËüÓ real life situations í∫’Jç* ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√oç-í∫ü∆? ÅûªúÕjokes î√™« ÅÆæç-ü¿®Ωs¥çí¬ ÖØ√o®·. Matter with (somebody) = àçöÀ N≠æߪ’ç?
b) Nothing ill of the dead. That will be out of
Ñ®Ω{uûÓ ÅûªúÕE E®Ω’-û√q-£æ«-°æ-®Ω’-Ææ’h-Ø√o-†-†’-èπ◊- É°æ¤púø’ ´’J-éÌEo îª÷ü∆lç. ÉN èπÿú≈ ´’†èπ◊ ¶«í¬ à¢Á’içC (á´-J-ÈéjØ√)
Ø√oúø’.) Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫°æúË ´÷ô©’. î√™« ≤˘éπ®Ωuçí¬ Öçö«®·. place at a condolence meeting = îªE-§Ú- a) What is the matter with the doctor? He
Arogya: What was the matter with him? Why ´’† ´÷´‚©’ ¶µ«¢√©’ ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ OöÀE Å´-鬨¡ç ®·†¢√∞¡x†’ í∫’Jç* îÁúø’í¬ ´÷ö«x-úø-èπÿ-úøü¿’. doesn't want to treat patients any more =
couldn't he understand that you meant ´*a-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x ¢√úø’-ûª’ç-úøçúÕ. Å™« ´÷ö«x-úøôç Ææçû√-°æ-Ææ-¶µº™ ÅÆæç-ü¿®Ωs¥çí¬ Doctor
well.
à¢Á’içü∆ èπ◊? ®Óí∫’-™„´JF îª÷úø-†ç-ô’-
Öçô’çC. Ø√oúø’? (îª÷úø-èπÿ-úøü¿’ ņ’èπ◊çô’-Ø√oúø’)
(à¢Á’iç-ü¿-ûª-úÕéÀ? †’´¤y Ææü¿’-üËl-¨¡ç-ûÓØË îÁ§ƒp´¤ c) Her black dress was out of place for the
b) ''Is anything the matter? You don't look all
é¬F áçü¿’-éπ®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’?) auspicious occasion =
right" =
Ç ¨¡Ÿ¶µº Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ ''à¢Á’iØ√ Å®·uçü∆?/ àçöÀ N≠æߪ’ç?
Iswarya: He didn't quite catch what I was trying dress
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
Ç¢Á’ †©x ÅÆæç-ü¿®Ωs¥çí¬ ÖçC. ÆæJí¬ Ö†oô’x ™‰´¤?——
to drive at. 475 d) Your comments are out of place = F "Nothing's the matter. I'm perfectly OK" =
(؈’ àç îÁÊ°pç-ü¿’èπ◊ v°æߪ’-Ao-Ææ’h-Ø√oØÓ ¢√uêu©’ Ææçü¿-®Ós¥-*ûªçí¬ ™‰´¤. ''àO’ 鬙‰ü¿’. ؈’ îªéπ\-í¬ØË
Åûªúø’ ví∫£œ«ç-îª- ÖØ√o.——

What was the matter with him?

™‰ü¿’.) Ñ matter ûÓ ´îËa
Arogya: Don't worry. If
expressions O™„j-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x
the worst ¢√úÕ, O’ conversation ™
comes to the ¶µ«í∫ç îËÆæ’-éÓçúÕ.
worst he will stop talking to you. You Look at the following expressions from the 3) Poking fun at some-
6) Mean well = Ææü¿’-üËl-¨¡çûÓØË ´÷ö«x-úøôç/ v°æ´-Jhç-îªúøç.
won't be the worse off for it after all. dialogue above: body =
Past Tense and Past Participle- meant (well)
Éûª-®Ω’-©†’ ÍíL-îË-
(àç °∂æ®Ω-¢√-™‰-ü¿’™‰. Åçûªí¬ Å®·ûË à´’-´¤- 1) Kundan made a fool of himself ߪ’úøç/ Çô-°æ-öÀdç-îªúøç/ Å°æ- a) I meant well when I told him not to eat so
ûª’çC FûÓ ´÷ö«x-úøôç ´÷ØË-≤ƒhúø’. ÅçûË- 2) ... by making jokes that were out of place £æ…Ææuç îËߪ’úøç. much. He took it amiss and felt I was against
í∫ü∆? ü∆E-´©x FÍéç †≠ædç ï®Ω-í∫ü¿’.) 3) He wasn't aware that others were poking fun a) Everyone was poking his eating = Åûª-úÕE ÅçûÁ-èπ◊\´ AØÌ-ü¿lE ؈’ Ææü¿’-
Iswarya: I understand that. By the way, (would at him fun at his fatness = üËl-¨¡ç-ûÓØË ÅØ√o. Åûªúø’ ††’o ŧƒ®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’,
you) mind dropping me at home on 4) I tried to warn him but he took it amiss Åçü¿®Ω÷ ÅûªúÕ ™«´¤ Ø√ÍéüÓ Åûªúø’ A†úøç É≠ædç ™‰ü¿-†’-èπ◊E.
your scooter? 5) What was the matter with him? M.SURESAN í∫’Jç* áí∫-û√R îËÆæ’h-Ø√o®Ω’ b) When elders chide us they mean well = °ü¿l-
(ÅçûË™‰. ÅC ÆæÍ®-é¬F, ††’o F scooter 6) ... you meant well (Ç Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™) ¢√∞¡Ÿx ´’†Lo Ææü¿’-üËl-¨¡ç-ûÓØË (´’ç* éÓÆæ¢Ë’) ´’çü¿-
O’ü¿ ÉçöÀ ü¿í∫_®Ω Cç°æ¢√?) 7) If the worst comes to worst b) Don't poke fun at his poor clothes = Åûª ú Õ L-≤ƒh®Ω’. chide = ´’çü¿-Lç-îªúøç/ éÓ°æp-úøôç ..
Arogya: Not at all, though my scooter is not as 1) Made a fool of himself- Make a fool of one-  éπ •ôd © í∫ ’Jç* ÍíL- î Ë-ß ª ’èπ◊. 7) If the worst comes to the worst = Åü∑¿-´’-°æ-éπ~ç™/
good as before I had it repaired. self. Ééπ\ úø oneself •ü¿ ’©’ himself/ herself/ c) Poking fun at others for whatever reason is ï®Ω -í∫-èπÿ-úø-E-ü¿çô÷ ïJ-TûË/ £‘«Ø√A£‘«† °æéπ~ç™.
(àç °∂æ®Ω-¢√-™‰ü¿’/ ÅüËç ™‰ü¿’. Å®·ûË themselves etc.. àüÁjØ√ ¢√úÌîª ’a. bad manners = à 鬮Ω ù ç´©x - Ø Á j Ø √ Éûª - ® Ω ’ ©†’ a) He is willing to join the army. He feels that if
Make a fool of oneself = the worst comes to the worst, he will die =
scooter repair îË®·ç*† ûª®√yûª Åçûªèπ◊ ¢ÁvJ-¢ √-∞¡x™ « éπ -E °œç -î ªúøç Çô°æ -ö Àdç -î ªú øç îÁ úø’ v°æ ´ -®ΩhØ Ë.
´·çü¿’†oçûª ¶«í¬™‰ü¿’.) Éûª-®Ω’-©èπ◊. ´’† ´÷ô©, îËûª©´©x/ †´¤y© §ƒ©-´úøç. 4) Took it amiss = Past tense of take it amiss = ÂÆj†uç™ îËÍ®ç-ü¿’èπ◊ É≠æd-°æ-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o-úø-ûªúø’. ´’£æ…
Iswarya: Then don't mind me. You just get a) He made a fool of himself by talking about ŧƒ®Ω nç îË Æ æ ’ -é Ó-´ úø ç . Å®·ûË ûª†’ îªE-§Ú-û√-úøçûË éπü∆ ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o-úø-ûªúø’.
things he did not know = ûª†èπ◊ ûÁLߪ’E N≠æ- a) Don't take me amiss, but you had better, b) If the worst comes to the worst, I may have
along. I'll walk home.
ߪ ÷© í∫ ’Jç* ´÷ö«x úÕ ûª † ûÁ L-N-û ª-è π◊\-´ -û ª† ç wear better clothes = †’Nyçé¬ ´’ç* •ôd©’ to sell my property = ï®Ω-í∫-èπÿ-úø-E-ü¿çô÷ ïJ-TûË,
(Å®·ûË †ØÌo-C-™„®·u. †’´¤y é¬Eß˝’. ؈’ îª÷°œç--èπ◊-Ø√oúø’/ ¢ÁvJ-¢√-úÕ™« éπ†-°æ-ú≈fúø’/ †´¤y-©- ¢ËÆæ’-èπ◊çõ‰ ´’ç*C. É™« ņoç-ü¿’èπ◊ ††o-§ƒ®Ωnç ؈’ Ø√ ÇÆœhE Å´÷tLq ´Ææ’hç-üË¢Á÷!
†úÕ* ¢Á∞¡û√ ÉçöÀéÀ.) §ƒ-©-ߪ÷uúø’. îËÆæ’-éÓèπ◊/ à´’-†’-éÓèπ◊. c) She wants to marry anyone but him. If the
Arogya: No, No. I can still manage it. Don't worst comes to the worst, she would remain
b) You only make a fool of yourself if you inter- b) If you don't take me amiss, your attending
worry. unmarried =
fere in the affairs of a husband a wife = the function is not good = †’¢Ëy-´’-†’-éÓ-éπ-§ÚûË/ ÅûªúÕE ûª°æp ÉçÈé´JØÁjØ√ °∞«x-ú≈-©-
(ÅüËç ™‰ü¿’. ؈’ ᙫíÓ™« E†’o BÆæ’-Èé-∞¡- ¶µ«®√u-¶µº-®Ωh© N≠æ-ߪ÷™x éπLpç--èπ◊çõ‰ F ¢ÁvJ-ûª- func-
†’´¤y ††’o ŧƒ®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-éπ-§ÚûË, †’Oy †’-èπ◊ç-öçC. Åü∑¿-´’-°æ-éπ~ç™ ÅN-¢√-£œ«-ûª-í¬ØË ÖçúÕ-
û√-†’™‰.) †¢Ë’ •ßª’-ô-°æ-úø’-ûª’çC/ ´‚®Ω’^-úÕ™« éπE-°œ-≤ƒh´¤. tion èπ◊ ®√´ü¿’l (®√´úøç ´’ç*-C-é¬ü¿’). §Ú-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-öçC.

Q. 1. Fortune 500 companies, for- A. 1. Fortune ÅØËC äéπ American Magazine. 3. F ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’-©†’ ņ’-éπ-Jç-îª-´ü¿’l. (copy îËߪ’- Indian Institute of Sciences, Institute of
tune 500 clients OöÀ Å®Ωnç, Ñ magazine v°æA Ææç´-ûªq®Ωç, ¢√u§ƒ®Ω ÆæçÆæn ´ü¿’l). Ç °æE Daffy (´uéÀh Ê°®Ω’ 鬴a/ Fool Engineering and Technology, etc. ´·êuçí¬
Ö°æßÁ÷í∫ç ûÁ©-°æçúÕ. (companies) © ≤ƒç´-ûªq-Jéπ Å´’t-鬩 N©’´ ÅE Å®Ωnç ®√´îª’a), and Elmer (´uéÀh)èπÿ -
≤ƒçÍé-Aéπ Nü∆u ´%ûª’h-©èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† ÆæçÆæn
2. Maruthi Inc/ Bharathi Inc -*´®Ω (†í∫-ü¿’™) Çüµ∆®Ωçí¬ Åûªu-Cµéπ Å´’t-鬩’ îËÆœ íÌ°æp ´C™„ß˝’. Åçõ‰ ÉçéÌéπJE copy îËߪ’-úøç †’´¤y Institution.
Ö†o Inc †’ ᙫ îªü¿-¢√L? DE ™«¶µ«©’ í∫úÕçîË 500 ¢√u§ƒ®Ω ÆæçÆæn© ñ«Gû√ ûªßª÷- îËߪ’-ü¿-T† ´’ç* °æØËç é¬ü¿’ ÅE. Academy- àüÓ äéπ subject/ ®Ωçí∫ç™ v°æûËuéπ
Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ? ®Ω’-îËÆœ v°æéπ-öÀÆæ’hçC. Ç ñ«G-û√™ îÓô’-îË-Ææ’- 4. éπçí¬®Ω’ éπçí¬-®Ω’í¬ ÖçúË èπ◊çüË©’ éπçõ‰ àç x- Péπ~ù ÉîËa/ v§Úûªq-£œ«çîË ÆæçÆæn/ éπ∞«-¨»©, etc-
3. Don't try to imitate your friends. Leave that to èπ◊†o company ©†’ Fortune 500 company Academy of Arts/ Academy of music, etc.
Daffy and Elmer. Daffy and Elmer
Ééπ\úø Åçõ‰ éπ∫-ü¿-©E (ÖvüË-éπ-°æ-úøE) üÓÆæé¬ßª’ †ßª’ç ÅE.
English ™ as cool as cucumber Åçõ‰ àç Spoken English Academy English
©çö«®Ω’. Ç ñ«G-û√™ îË®Ω-í∫-©-í∫úøç äéπ ÆæçÆæn îËÊÆ Åçõ‰
àN’öÀ? Ñ ¢√éπuç °æ‹Jh Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ? Å´’t-鬩 N©’-´èπÿ, ûªü∆y®√ §ÒçüË ™«¶µ«-©èπ◊ äéπ
4. A twitching rabbit is less likely to make it than a Ææ÷*éπ. Ç ñ«G-û√™ îË®Ω-í∫-©-í∫úøç v°æA-≥ƒe-ûªtéπ ÖvüË-éπ-°æ-úø-èπ◊çú≈, Ææçߪ’-´’†ç éÓ™p-èπ◊çú≈ Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ Péπ~ù ÉîËa ÆæçÆæn ÅE. Å®·ûË
Academy É™«çöÀ *†o *†o ¢√öÀéÀ ¢√úøôç ÆæJ-
cool cucumber Ñ ¢√é¬uEéÀ Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ? N≠æߪ’ç.Å™« í∫’Jhç°æ¤ §ÒçüË Companies Öçúøôç. èπ◊çüË©’ üÓÆæ-é¬ßª’ éπçõ‰ N©’-¢ÁjçC.
5. Institute Academy
èπ◊ èπ◊ ûËú≈ àN’öÀ?Spoken Fortune 500 Clients Å´¤-û√®·. Å®·ûË éπçí¬®Ω’ éπçí¬®Ω’í¬ ÖçúË èπ◊çüË©’ éπçõ‰ é¬ü¿’. î√™« v°æA-≥ƒe-ûªt-éπ-¢Á’i†, Ö†oûª v°æ´÷-ù«©’†o
English Academy v°æûËu-éπûª àN’öÀ? 2. Maruti Inc/ Bharathi Inc- OöÀ™ x Inc=
ÖvüË-éπ-°æ-úøE üÓÆæ-é¬ßª’ (èπ◊çüË-©çûª N©’-´-™‰ü¿’) ÆæçÆæn†’ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ Academy Åçö«ç.
6. Manners makesth a man Åçõ‰ à--N’öÀ? Makesth Incorporated = Ltd = Limited. -´’-† -üË-¨¡ç-™ - †ßª’ç ÅE. Åçõ‰ éπçí¬®Ω’í¬ ÖçúË-¢√-∞¡x-éπçõ‰ 6. v°æ´-®Ωh† äéπ-JE ´’E-≠œí¬ îËÆæ’hç-ü¿E = ´’E≠œ íÌ°æp-
DEE ᙫ Öîªa-Jç-î√L? Company Ê°®Ωx *´®Ω Ltd (Limited), éπçí¬®Ω’ °æúøèπ◊çú≈ balanced í¬ ÖçúË-¢√∞¡Ÿx †ßª’- ûª†ç ¢√J v°æ´-®Ωh-†-†’-•öÀd ÅE. Maketh- Old
7. ´’†Ææ’ îªçîª-©-¢Á’içC, ´’†-Ææ’ûÓ Ç™-*ç-îªèπ◊, ¢Á’ü¿-úø’ûÓ America™ Inc (Incorporated) èπ◊ Ææ´÷†ç. ´’E. English for make.
Ç™-*ç. -D-E-E ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ îÁ§ƒpL? Åç-õ‰ Ñ company © ÅCµ-é¬-®Ω’© ¶«üµ¿uûª 5. Institute - Nü¿u, ´%Ah, ´%Ahéπ´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’i† Péπ~ù«– 7. Mind wavers; don't let your mind think, let
- Neena Nair, Hyderabad °æJ-N’ûªç ÅE.- É™«çöÀ ÖüËl-¨»©’†o ÆæçÆæn. your brains do it.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 10 -V-™„j 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

2. 'Be' structure Åçõ‰ am/ is/ are/ was/ were

™«çöÀ 'be' forms ûÓ éπLÆœ à®ΩpúË verbs. OöÀéÀ
objects ÖçúÌa/ ™‰éπ-§Ú-´îª’a.
I am eating bread - Ééπ\úø am eating
(verb)èπ◊ object bread
Q. 1. I have been able to maintain regularity.
She is running- Ééπ\úø verb is running èπ◊
DEE passive voice ™ ᙫ ®√≤ƒh®Ω’. ÉC à
tense ™ ÖçC? object ™‰ü¿’.
2. Be structure Åçõ‰ à-N’öÀ? DE-ØÁ™« Ö°æ-ßÁ÷- 3. Past continuous (was/ were + ...ing) talks of
T-≤ƒh®Ω’? DE™ verb ™‰ü∆ object Öçö«ßª÷? an action, continuing at a point of time in the
3. What is the difference between past con- past.
tinuous and past perfect continuous. When he entered the room, I was watch- b) He had been driving at 100 Kmph when the
í∫ûªç™ È®çúø’ °æ†’™x äéπöÀ ´·çüË v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº¢Á’i accident took place = Accident
4. ''I go through fire and fire to enrich my eng- ing the TV = At the time of his entering the È®çúÓ °æE ´®Ωèπÿ é̆-≤ƒ-TûË -Å-C past perfect con- ïJ-Íí-ô-°æp-öÀéÀ
room, I was watching. The action of 'watching' (II past action) 100 Kmph
lish communication skills.'' tinuous (had been + ...ing).
-Å®Ωn-¢Ë’N’-öÀ? Åûªúø’ ¢Ëí∫çûÓ †úø’-
100 Kmph
- V. Pavankumar, Hyderabad was going on. (Åûªúø’ í∫C-™éÀ ´*a-†-°æ¤púø’ ؈’ a) She had been working as a teacher till she
°æ¤-ûª’-Ø√oúø’. (Åçûª-èπ◊-´·çüË ¢Ëí∫ç
A. TV got married = (II Past action)
Åçü¿’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.)
1. The verb in the sentence is have been. îª÷Ææ’h-Ø√o†’) °∞¡x-ßË’uçûª 4. Ø√ communication skills °ç-èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ áçûª
This is a 'be' form and 'be' forms don't Past perfect continuous tense talks of an teacher
´®Ωèπ◊, (°∞¡x-®·çC í∫ûªç™) Ç¢Á’ í¬
have passive voice. The tense of 'have action that had started earlier than, and con- °æE îË-≤ÚhçC. (°∞¡x-´éπ ´·çü¿’ v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº¢Á’i, °Rx éπ≥ƒd-E-ÈéjØ√ Æœü¿l¥¢Ë’/ áçûÁjØ√ éπ≠d-°æ æ-úø-û√†’. 'go
through fire' §ƒûª ¢√úø’éπ.
been' is present perfect. tinued till another past action. ´®Ωèπ◊ teacherí¬ °æE-îË-ÆœçC)

Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u©’ ÆæÈ®j†¢ËØ√? A. 1. -Ñ -¢√éπuç Q. I is singular or plural ç Åçõ‰ È®çúø÷, Åçûª éπçõ‰ singular (He, She, it) ûÓ II
correct please clarify. IInd person RDW (comes, goes, takes,
1. He paid a deaf ear to our áèπ◊\-´†’ í∫’Jç* îÁÊ°pC.
2. Many a time singular you I Åçõ‰ ؈’ ÅE. ؈’ áçûª- does etc.) and 'has' ¢√úøû√ç.
instructions.
™ ÖçC
2. Many a times I told you to
work properly.
(not many
times)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 476
plural
™†÷
I
youÖçC.
Å™«Íí èπÿú≈ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-
´’çC? äéπ\Í® éπü∆. Åçü¿’-éπE You-II person singular =
I á°æ¤púø÷ singular- ü∆EûÓ ´îËa †’´¤yYou-II person plural =
3. correct ´î√a? verbs singular í¬ØË Öçú≈L O’®Ω’. Å®·ûË, you †’ sin-
3. You are my well wisher. - N. Ashok, Khammam.
4. ≤ƒ´÷-†uçí¬ sluice the éπü∆. I RDWs (Go, come, gular (†’´¤y)í¬ ¢√úÕØ√
4. Due to breach of sluice the tank has A. ¢Á·ü¿ô singular, plural Åçõ‰
é¬Ææh ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬ English ´÷ö«x-úË- take etc.,) have, had, shall/ plural (O’®Ω’)í¬ ¢√úÕØ√
water in the tank go out and been ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓçúÕ. Singular (num-
¢√∞¡Ÿx due to ûÓ sentence v§ƒ®Ωç- will etc. + have etc., I person ü∆EûÓ ´îËa verb á°æ¤púø÷
tank become fallow/ vacant. emptied ber) Åçõ‰ àéπ-´-ç, Åçõ‰ singular (I), I person plural plural í¬ØË Öçô’çC. ÉC
Gµç-Ω’. Owing to/ because of
5. He comes once in a blue ûÓ begin îË≤ƒh®Ω’. Ñ sentence of water. äéπJE, äéπ ´Ææ’h-´¤†’, äéπ-ü∆Eo (we) II person singular and ¶µ«≥ƒ ©éπ~ùç.
moon. †’ É™« correct îËßÁ·îª’a. 5. -É-C í∫’Jç* îÁÊ°pC. plural (you), III person plural I ûÓ have ¢√úÕ-†çûª ´÷vû√† ÅC
- Y. Gayatri, Asifabad Because of the breach in the correct. Plural (number) = •£æ›-´- (they) ûÓ ¢√úøû√ç. III person plural é¬ü¿’. I á°æ¤púø÷ singular.
M.SURESAN

Q.. Please give the meanings He points to my mistakes always =

and examples for the follow-
ing words.
i) so well as ii) as much as
He points to my mistakes always -Å-ûª-ØÁ°æ¤p-úø÷ Ø√ ûª°æ¤p©†’ îª÷°æ¤-û√úø’.
Pointing to the car= Car †’
îª÷°œÆæ÷h.
iii) So much of/ that much of xii) As a result = Ç °∂æL-ûªçí¬.
money I spent is equal to the money he
iv) refer to v) of having vi) for having
spent.
É©’x Åûª-úÕéÀ Ö†oç-ü¿’èπ◊ Ø√èπ◊ Ñ®Ω{uí¬ ÖçC. He wasted time, as a result he failed =
vii) with respect to viii) As we know that vii) with respect to = ü∆EE í∫’Jç*/ Ç N≠æ-ߪ÷-E-
She cannot eat as much as he does. Åûªúø’ time waste î˨»úø’. ü∆E °∂æL-ûªçí¬
ix) At which éÌÊÆh. With respect to your abilities, they are
(Åûªúø’
Åûªúø’ ûª§ƒpúø’.
not suitable for the job = (F -¨¡éÀh ≤ƒ-´’®√n u-© -
x) To be able to + V1 (i.e. to be able to solve)
A†oçûª Ç¢Á’ A†-™‰ü¿’)
iii) So much of = such a quantity of/ such an xiii) For the commencement of = ü∆-E v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µ«-
xi) Points to / pointing to N-≠æ-ߪ÷-EéÀ -´ÊÆh, -Å-N Ç -Ö-üÓuí¬--EéÀ Ææ-J-§Ú-´¤) We are waiting for the commencement
amount that much of I don't have so EéÀ.
viii) As we know that = ÅC ´’†èπ◊ ûÁL-Ææ’ç-úøôç´©x/
Åçûª=
xii) As a result of the programme.
much (of) money.= 鬮Ωu-véπ´’ç v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µ«-EéÀ
xiii) For the commencement of
Åçûª úø•’s (üËE-ÈéjØ√ 鬴-©-
I don't have that
ÅC ´’†èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’ é¬•öÀd. As we know that he ¢Ë’-´· áü¿’-®Ω’-îª÷-Ææ’hØ√oç.
is here, let us consult him= Å-ûª-úø’ -Ééπ\-úø -Ö-Ø√o-
Æœ-†çûª úø•’s) Ø√ü¿-í∫_-®Ω-™‰ü¿’=
xiv) Commencement of much (of) money. xiv) Commencement of = v§ƒ®Ω綵ºç,
xv) Request to/ Requested to The commencement of that programme
úø-E ûÁ-LÆœ-†ç-ü¿’-´-©x -´’-†ç -Å-ûª-úÕ-E Ææç-v°æ-C-ü∆lç.
iv) Refer to = Talk about.
ix) At which= ü∆E O’ü¿ô. He said something at
v°æ≤ƒh-Nç-îªúøç=
xvi) Ward to attend a) The CM always refers to the achieve- depends on the arrival of the Chief guest =
which she was angry= Åûª-úø’ àüÓ ÅØ√oúø’, -
- B. Ashok, Warangal ments of his government = CM á°æ¤púø÷ ûª† 鬮Ωu-véπ-´’ç -v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µºç é¬-´-úøç -Å-ØË-C -´·-êu -Å-A-C∑
A. i) So
Å-C Ç¢Á’èπ◊ éÓ°æç ûÁ°œpç-*çC.
well as- an expression of comparison ®√-´-úøç -O’-ü¿ -Ç-üµ∆®Ω°æ-úÕ -Öç-ô’ç-C.
x) To be able to do/ understand etc., = îËߪ’-í∫-©-
v°æ¶µº’ûªyç ≤ƒCµç-*† ¢√öÀ í∫’Jç* v°æ≤ƒh-N-Ææ’hç-
and saying that one thing is not equal to ö«®Ω’. xv) Request to= (äéπ-JéÀ) Ŷµºu-®Ωn†. He made a
another. v) Of having = éπLT Öçúøôç.
í∫úøç. request to us to help him. (Ææ£æ…-ߪ’ç éÓÆæç
She is able to walk now = Ç¢Á’ †úø-´-í∫-©’-í∫’- Ŷµºu-Jnç-î√úø’) Requested to Å-ØË -v°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç ™‰-ü¿’.
No one can sing so well as SP = No one has He is proud of having such a car= Å™«çöÀ car
the ability to sing like SP. SP can sing better
ûÓçC°æ¤p-úø’. xvi) Ward to attend îª÷Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-Lq† °œ©x/ °œ©x-¢√úø’.
To be able to solve = °æJ-≠æ \-Jç--îª-í∫-©-í∫úøç.
Ö†oç-ü¿’-éπ-ûªúø’ í∫®Ωy-°æ-úø-û√úø’.
than others. vi) For having= éπLT Ö†oç-ü¿’èπ◊/ Ö†oç-ü¿’èπ◊ I have a ward to attend to = ؈’ îª÷Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-
xi) Points to / pointing to = îª ÷°æ¤-ûª ’-Ø√o®Ω’/
ii) As much as = such an amount/ quantity. I I envy him for having such a house = Å™«çöÀ
Lq† °œ©x/ °œ©x-¢√úø’ ÖØ√o®Ω’.
spent as much (money) as he did = The
îª÷°œÆæ÷h. Ward = äéπJ Ææç®Ω-éπ~-ù™ Ö†o-¢√∞¡Ÿx.

Q. Spoken English for Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ -à-´’-Ø√-™ Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u™xE day, thousand Q. 1. Made of, made from OöÀ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷- îÁéπ\ éπE-°œ-Ææ’hç-ô’çC. Å™« é¬èπ◊çú≈
you °æ¤Ææhéπç ´÷ -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. ÅØË °æü∆-©†’ plural ™ days, thou- í∫ç™ ûËú≈--©’ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. ûªßª÷-È®j† ´Ææ’h-´¤™ ü∆E ´·úÕ-Ææ-®Ω’-èπ◊©’
v§ƒçûªç™ ©Gµç-îªúøç 1. á) WØ˛™ ´®√{©’ °æúø-û√®·. sands ÅE áçü¿’èπ◊ ®√ߪ’-èπÿ-úøü¿’?
™‰ü¿’. ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ °æGx-≠æ®˝q - G. Vishal, Karimnagar
2. °çèπ◊©’ (ÉçöÀ °jéπ-°æ¤p-O’ü¿ ¢√úËN), éπ†-°æ-úø-éπ-§ÚûË ÅC made from.
Paper is made from bamboo
G) ¶«uçé˙™ îÁé˙ ï´’-îË-¨»†’. (¶«uçé˙-
ÅvúøÆˇ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’çúÕ. A. 1. a) It rains in June éÌçîÁç °ü¿lí¬ÖçúË •çí∫-∞«-°ç-èπ◊©’–
pulp=
™E Ø√ áéıç-ö¸™ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ)
- S. Anil kumar, b) I credited the cheque into my
Ñ È®çúÕç-öÀéÀ äÍé °æü¿ç Öçü∆? ™‰ü∆ é¬Tûªç ¢Áü¿’®Ω’ í∫’Vb-™ ç*
Æœ) áçúø©’ ¶«í¬ ´·C-®√®·
Potkapalli account in the bank ¢ËÍ®y-®Ω’í¬ °œ©’-≤ƒh®√? ûªßª÷®Ω’ îËߪ’-•-úø’-ûª’çC. (ûªßª÷-®Ω-´¤-
úÕ) áçúø™ ØËØÁ-éπ\-úøèπÿ ®√†’. - Pavani, Sudha, Matsyapuri (W.G.Dt) ûª’çC). Paper ™ ¢Áü¿’-®Ω’-í∫’Vb éπE-°œç-
A. Spoken English for c) The sun has got/ become very
hot A. 1.
É) Åéπ\úø ÇT† •Ææ’q™ Éü¿l®Ω’ áé¬\®Ω’, îªü¿’.
you °æ¤Ææh-é¬-©†’ v°æ-Jç- äéπ ´Ææ’h´¤ ûªßª÷-È®j† ûª®√yûª èπÿú≈
´·í∫’_®Ω’ Cí¬®Ω’. d) I don't go out in the (hot) sun 2. °çèπ◊èπ◊ English, tile - à ®Ωéπ-¢Á’i†
*† Publisher's Åçü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úÕ† ´·úÕ-°æ-ü∆®Ωnç éπE-°œ-Ææ’hçõ‰
address:
á°∂ˇ) Çö©’ áéπ\-èπÿ-úøü¿’ e) Three got down from and two got ÅC made of. °çéπ-®·Ø√.
>) ûª© •ßª’ô°ôdèπ◊ into the bus that stopped there. A tiled house = °çèπ◊-öÀ©’x.
Emerald Publishers, Tables are made of wood =
15A First Floor, £«î˝) ´’†ç ûª®√yA ÊÆb->™ Cí∫’û√ç f) We shouldn't get into autos. ´’†ç •çí∫-∞«-°çèπ◊©’ ÅØËN ´’çí∫’-
Tables îÁéπ\ûÓ ûªßª÷-®Ω’-îË-ߪ’-•-úø-û√®·.
CASA Major Road, 2. 3 day orientation programme on g) Don't keep your head out ∞¡⁄®Ω’ (éπ®√g-ôéπ) °çèπ◊©’ – Mangalore
teaching English. Two thousand h) We get down at the next stage. tiles. •çí∫-∞«-°ç-èπ◊©’ ÅØË-´÷ô ᙫ
Egmore,
(´÷-´‚©’ ûÁ©’í∫’– îÁéπ\ûÓ ûªßª÷-®Ω-´¤-
Chennai 600008. only. 2. ÅC ¢√úø’éπ (usage) 鬕öÀd. û√®·) Tables ûªßª÷-È®j† ûª®√yûª èπÿú≈ ´*açüÓ ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 13 -V-™„j 2008-
Q. 1. Ææ÷\-©’ ´®˝\-•’-é˙™ É*a† Dictionary áéπq-®˝-
ÂÆj-ñ¸ í∫’-Jç-* Ææ’-©-¶µºçí¬ -N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. Dictio-
nary ™ confuse †’ ¢Áûª’-èπ◊-ûª’çõ‰ ´·ç-ü¿’,
¢Á†éπ Ê°@--™x constable/ content †’ îª÷≤ƒhç.
OöÀ™ head word †’ ᙫ í∫’Jhç-î√L?
É™«çöÀ áéπq-®˝-ÂÆj-ñ¸-©†’ ᙫ §∂ƒ™ 鬢√L?
2. I am having good books, Ramu is having a
big top-
Ñ ûª®Ω£æ… ¢√é¬u-©†’ éÌEo ÉçTx≠ˇ
°æ¤Ææh-é¬-©™ îª÷Ææ’hçö«ç. OöÀ ¢√úø’éπ í∫’Jç*
ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’í∫-©®Ω’.
- G.Shankar, Keshavapatnam
A. 1. In this exercise the student is to say
whether the word 'confuse' is found a) On
the same page as the head words (words
at the left and the right top corner of the
page in the dictionary) are found, b) On a
page, after the head words page, or c) on
a page before the head words page. In the
alphabetical order, 'confuse' comes much
earlier than 'constable' and 'content', so
the answer is c. In confuse, f comes after
n, whereas in 'constable' and 'content' 's'
and 't' follow con; 's' and 't' come much
later than f.
2. 'Am having' and 'is having' in these sen-
tences are wrong. Correct sentences: I
have good books and Ramu has a big top.
Q. To whom are you
They switch of f lights by ten
talking?, Who are
you talking to? OöÀ
Å®√n©’ ûÁ©-°æçúÕ. äéπ-ü∆-
EéÀ •ü¿’©’ ´’®Ì-éπöÀ
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-´î√a?
- D. Sailaja, Adoni.
A. To whom are you talking= Who are you talk-
ing to. Present day English
™, ´·êuçí¬
Spoken English whom who
™ ¢√úË-îÓô ¢√úø’-
'To whom are you talking?' correct
ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’.
Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, É°æ¤púø’ ¢√úø’-éπ™ ™‰ü¿’. Åûªúø’ á´-
JûÓ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’? = Who is he talking to?
(To whom is he talking é¬ü¿’). Was/ is Ææçü¿-
®√s¥Eo •öÀd ¢√úø-û√ç-éπü∆?
Q. Don't you worry àç ¶«üµ¿-°æ-úøèπ◊ ÅE Åçô’-
Ø√o®Ω’. é¬F You don't worry ÅE Öçú≈L
éπü∆? Å™«Íí Practise îËߪ’çúÕ. Practice
îËߪ’çúÕ àC éπÈ®é˙d? Postpone èπ◊ opposite -
advance éπÈ®-ÍédØ√? prepone ¢√úø-èπÿ-úøü¿’ éπü∆.
´’J -éÌEo úÕéπ{-†-K-©™ prepone ÖçöçC.
áçü¿’èπ◊?
- P. Krishna Murthy, Secunderabad.
A. Don't you worry, Spoken English
¢√u´£æ…-Jéπç.
Don't you worry, Don't you do
™ ÉC ¢√úø’éπ.
any thing of the sort (Å™«çöÀüËç îËßÁ·ü¿’l) ÅE
you don't ...
îÁ°æpúøç, ņúøç éπçõ‰ í∫öÀdí¬ îÁ°æpúøç.
ûÁ©’-í∫’™ ÅØË-ô-°æ¤púø’ practice/ practise àü¿-
®·Ø√ °∂æ®√y-™‰ü¿’. Practice îËߪ’çúÕ = Ŷµ«uÆæç
îËߪ’çúÕ. Practise îËߪ’çúÕ = Ŷµºu-Æœç-îªçúÕ.
Prepone, English ™ ™‰ü¿’– English ´÷ûª%-
¶µ«-≠æí¬ éπ©-¢√-JéÀC Å®Ωnç-é¬ü¿’.
Q. 1. Éçöx Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-TçîË îËô†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™
à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
2. ´·çûª†’ Ewer, ´’J îÁç•’†’ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’? Ñ
È®çúÕçöÀ ´’üµ¿u ûËú≈†’ ûÁ©-°æçúÕ?
3. wúÁj´®˝ •Ææ’q áèπ◊\-ûª’-Ø√oúø’. The driver is get-
ting into the bus- The driver is boarding the
bus. àC éπÈ®éÓd îÁ°æpí∫-©®Ω’.
4. ؈’ •Ææ’q Cí¬†’. I got down the bus, I get
off the bus- àC éπÈ®èπ◊d?
5. ØËØÁ-´-JF éÌôd-™‰†’. Ø√èπ◊ Åçûª •©ç ™‰ü¿’.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
6. Ø√Èéç-ü¿’éÓ ÅßÁ÷-´’-ߪ’çí¬ ÖçC.
7. ¶µº´-Ø√-©èπ◊ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-TçîË ÜÆæ-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™
à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
- L. Nookaraju, Narsipatnam
A. 1. -îË-ôèπ◊ v°æûËu-éπ-¢Á’i† ´÷ô ™‰ü¿’. Winnowing
(îÁJÍí, ûª÷®√p-®Ω-¶ÊÆ) tray ÅØÌa.
2. - ´·ç-ûª, -îÁç-• ’– È®çúÕç-öÀéÀ ewer. ÉC
É°æ¤púøçûªí¬ English ™ ¢√úø-ôç-™‰ü¿’.
3. È®çúø÷ ÆæÈ®j-†¢Ë.
4. Both are correct.
5. I can't hit/ strike/ fight anyone. I don't have
the strength.
6. I am confused; I don't know why.
7. Rods
Q.
1. Rather, Rather than
ÅØË °æü∆-©èπ◊ Å®Ωnç
differences
äéπ-õ‰Ø√? OöÀ †’ îÁ°æpçúÕ.
2. Wedge Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
3. Monopthong Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? DEéÀ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ωù
É´yçúÕ.
4. as well as Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
5. äé𠶄ç*™ Éü¿l®Ω’ èπÿ®Óa-´-ú≈-EéÀ Ææn©ç ÆæJ-§Ú-
ûª’çC. Å®·ûË Åçü¿’™ †©’-í∫’-®Ω’ É®Ω’-èπ◊\E
èπÿ®Ω’a-Ø√o®Ω’. ´’J Ééπ\úø É®Ω’-èπ◊í¬ ÖçC ņ-ú≈-
EéÀ conjusted í¬ ÖçC Å-ØÌî√a?
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
477
6. To be
ÅØËC ᙫ ¢√ú≈L? ü∆E Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ?
7. Unless, although Ñ È®çúø’ °æü∆-©èπ◊ Å®Ωnç
äéπ-õ‰Ø√? OöÀE ᙫ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√L?
8. non, none ©†’ ᙫ °æ©-é¬L?
- E. Lilly, Gooty
A. 1. Rather, Rather than í∫’Jç* Éçûª-èπ◊-´·çü¿’
î√™«-≤ƒ®Ω’x N´-Jçî√ç. Ñ ´’üµ¿u-èπÿú≈ ã≤ƒJ
N´-Jçî√ç. îª÷úøçúÕ.
2. °ü¿l °ü¿l ü¿’çí∫-©†’, éÌçûª éÓÆœ ´C-L-°-õ‰d-
´·çü¿’, Ç <L-†-îÓô °õ‰d îÁéπ\/ Ɇ’°æ ´·éπ\†’
wedge Åçö«®Ω’. ´’Sx ®Ω秃Eo ü¿÷Í®aç-ü¿’èπ◊
O©’í¬, (È®çúø’í¬ <L† ¶µ«í¬Eo ûÁJ* ÖçîËç-
ü¿’èπ◊) Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îËC.
3. äÍé vowel sound Ö†o ¨¡¶«lEo monoph-
thong Åçö«ç. eg. Quit- pronunciation-
Kwit- Ééπ\úø äÍé vowel sound 'i' (É) ÖçC.
Q - ÉC monophthong.
4. as well as Åçõ‰- È®çúø÷/ ÅüË-é¬éπ ÉC èπÿú≈.
Vijayawada as well as Guntur is hot during
the summer=
Nï-ߪ’-¢√úø, í∫’çô÷®Ω’ Ñ
È®çúø÷∞¡⁄x/ Nï-ߪ’-¢√úË é¬èπ◊çú≈ í∫’çô÷®Ω’ èπÿú≈
¢ËÆæ-N™ ¶«í¬ ¢ËúÕí¬ Öçö«®·.
5. Cramped Åçö«ç. Congested Åçõ‰ ï†-Ææ-
´’t®Ωnç, É®Ω’-éÀ-®Ω’-èπ◊í¬ Ö†o v°æüË-¨»©’, †í∫-®√©’.
Benches ™«çöÀ ¢√öÀéÀ ¢√úøç. Room (í∫ü¿’-
©èπ◊) ¢√úøû√ç. ï†ç áèπ◊\-´í¬ ÖçúÕ Åçü¿-JéÀ
ÆæJ-§ÚE í∫C.
6. to be = Öçúøôç. To be here is dangerous=
Ééπ\úø Öçúøôç v°æ´÷-ü¿-éπ®Ωç.
7. unless = Å®·ûË ûª°æp: Although = though =
even though = Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ. OöÀ í∫’Jç*
î√-™«≤ƒ®Ω’x N´-Jçî√ç. îª÷úøçúÕ.
8. Non- Ø√Ø˛– (Ø√ ´’K D®Ω`ç-é¬ü¿’)
None - †Ø˛
2
Q. 1. Dignity of labour Åçõ‰ Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ? àßË’ usage (¢√úø’éπ), and Idiom (Ø√†’úÕ), ÅçûË-é¬-
Ææçü¿-®√s¥-©™ DE-E ¢√úø-û√®Ω’? èπ◊çú≈ ¢√∞¡x Öî√a-®Ωù Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-í∫-©-í∫úøç. DEéÀ
English news telecasts O™„j-†ç-ûªí¬ N†úøç
2. Switched off ņúøç ûª°æ¤p-éπü∆! È®çúø’ Past
tense ©’ ¢√-úÌî√a? Switched ÅØ√™«?
´’ç* ´÷®Ω_ç.
2. Leaving no stone unturned = ¨»ßª’-¨¡-èπ◊h™«
Switch off ÅØ√™«? àC éπÈ®é˙d?
- DSR Murthy, Hyderabad éπ%≠œ-îË-ߪ’úøç/ à Nüµ¿-¢Á’i† v°æߪ’-ûªo´‚ ´ü¿-©-
A. 1. v¨¡´’-™ E å†o-û√uEo dignity of labour èπ◊çú≈ îËߪ’úøç.
I will leave no stone unturned to have a
Åçö«ç. ´’† °æE ´’†ç îËÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç, ÅC ´’†
house of my own =
'°æ®Ω’-´¤èπ◊ ™°æç— Å†’-éÓ-èπ◊çú≈. ´’† É©’x ´’†ç Ø√ ≤Òçûª ÉçöÀE §ÒçüËç-
Üúø’a-éÓ-´úøç, ´’† •®Ω’´¤©’ ´’†¢Ë’ ¢Á÷ߪ’úøç, ü¿’èπ◊ ÅEo Nüµ∆™« v°æߪ’Ao≤ƒh†’.
´’† ´Ææ’h-´¤©’ ´’†¢Ë’ ¨¡Ÿv¶µºç îËÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç. Éûª- Q. 1. I saw him at the zoo. I happened to see
®Ω’-©ûÓ, èπÿL-¢√∞¡xûÓ îË®·ç-îª-èπ◊çú≈ á´-J-°æE him at the zoo. Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u© Å®Ωnç – ؈’
¢√®Ω’ îËÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç, °æ®Ω’´¤ ûªèπ◊\´, v°æA-≠æeèπ◊
Åûª-úÕE W ´ü¿l îª÷¨»†’. é¬F ¢√éπu E®√t-ùç™
¶µºçí∫ç ņ’-éÓ-èπ◊çú≈ – ÅC dignity of labour. ´÷®Ω’p ´*açC. à °æJ-Æœn-A™ happened + to
2. Off ÅØËC, verb é¬ü¿’. ÅC past tense ÅßË’u + v1 Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-T≤ƒhç?
v°æ¨¡o-™‰ü¿’. éπ†’éπ Switched off (Past tense of 2. The news had spread around India-
switch off) = D§ƒ©’ ÇÍ®p-¨»®Ω’. Switch off
The news had spread through out India.
(Present tense)- ÇJp-¢Ë®·/ ÇÍ®p-≤ƒh®Ω’. They
The news had spread across India.
switch off lights by ten = °æC-éπ™«x D§ƒ-™«-Í®p-
Ñ ´‚úø’ ¢√é¬u© ´’üµ¿u ¶µ‰ü¿ç àN’öÀ?
≤ƒh®Ω’.
3. He went to pushkarghat to have a holy dip.
He went to pushkarghat
to be taken a holy dip. to
have to be
•ü¿’©’ Ö°æ-
ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-´î√a?
- K. Srinivasa Rao, Darsi
Q. 1. ¶µ«≠æ, v§ƒçû√-©-†’- A. 1. a) I saw him at the zoo = Åûªúø’ Ø√èπ◊ zoo
•öÀd Öî√a-®Ωù ´÷®Ω’-ûª’ç- ™ éπ-E-°œç-î√úø’/ ؈-ûª-úÕE zoo ™ îª÷¨»†’.
b) I happened to see him at the zoo =
ô’çC éπü∆! ´÷ûª%-¶µ«-≠憒
zoo
Åéπ~-®√-Ææ’u©’, E®Ω-éπ~-®√-Ææ’u©’
؈-ûª-úÕE ™ îª÷úøôç ûªô-Æœnç-*çC/
Zoo
´÷ö«x-úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’ ¶µ‰ü¿ç éπE-°œ- ™ Åûªúø’ Ø√èπ◊ ûªô-Ææn-°æ-ú≈fúø’.
Ææ’hçC. E®Ω-éπ~-®√-Ææ’u©’
a) ™ ؈-ûª-úÕE éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’ ÅØË ¶µ«´ç Ææ’p¥J-
´÷ö«x-úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’ Parts of
M.SURESAN the speech, Tenses,
Ææ’hçC. b) ™EC ņ’éÓE Ææç°∂æ’-ô†.
2. Ñ ´‚úÕçöx, The news had spread across
Degree of Comparison,
Prepositions Åv°æ-ߪ’-ûªoçí¬ ¢√J ´÷ô© ü∆y®√ India, correct. N’í∫û√ È®çúø÷ ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. Å®Ωnç –
Åéπ~-®√-Ææ’u-©èπ◊ ûÁ©’-Ææ’hçC. é¬F ¢√öÀ N≠æߪ’ç E®Ω- Ñ ¢√®Ωh ¶µ«®Ωû˝ Åçû√ ¢√u°œç-*çC.
éπ~-®√-Ææ’u-©èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’. ¢√®Ω’ ¶µ«≠憒 ´÷ö«x-úø-í∫- 3. Åûªúø’ °æNvûª ≤ƒo†ç-éÓÆæç °æ¤≠æ \®Ω °∂æ’ö«d-EéÀ
©®Ω’. ÇçÍíx-ߪ·-©™ E®Ω-éπ~-®√-Ææ’u©’ Öçö«®Ω’ éπü∆! ¢Á∞«xúø’. Ñ Å®ΩnçûÓ Ñ sentence ™ to have,
´’J ¢√®Ω’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ†’ îªéπ\í¬ ´÷ö«x-úø-û√®Ω’. correct. To be taken a holy dip – DE-éπ-®Ωnç-
™‰ü¿’. ÉC ûª°æ¤p, to have •ü¿’©’ ÉC ¢√úø-èπÿ-
Å™«ç-öÀC ´’†ç ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ¢√uéπ-®Ωù N≠æ-ߪ÷-©Fo
ûÁL-ÆœØ√ Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠憒 ņ-®Ω_-∞¡çí¬ ´÷ö«x-úø-™‰éπ úøü¿’.
Q. Simple Present tense ™ Subject Singular í¬
§Úûª’Ø√oç. äéπ ÇçÍíx-ߪ·úø’ ´’†ûÓ ¶µ«≠œç-*-†-
°æ¤púø’ ÅûªE ¶µ«≠憒 ´’†ç Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-™‰-éπ-§Ú- Öçõ‰ Verb èπ◊ s îË®√aL. ™‰ü∆ Subject Plural í¬
´îª’a. DEE ÅCµ-í∫-N’ç-îª-ú≈-EéÀ àçîË-ߪ÷L?
Öçõ‰ Verb èπ◊ s îË®Ωa-†-´-Ææ-®Ωç-™‰ü¿’. cut (v1) - cut
2. Leaving no stone unturned ÅØË phrase
(v2) - cut (v3) - cutting (v4) – DEE í∫´’EÊÆh
v1, v2, v3 ©’ äÍé Nüµ¿çí¬ ÖØ√o®·. É™«çöÀ
Å®Ωnç, ü∆E v°æßÁ÷í∫ç í∫’-Jç-* -N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’.
- Gopinath, Amudalavalasa.
Verbs †’ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’. Ñ Nüµ¿-¢Á’i† Verbs †’ Ö°æ-
A.
1. E®Ω-éπ~-®√-Ææ’u-©’-èπÿú≈, grammar ™ ñ«c†ç™‰èπ◊çú≈,
ßÁ÷-Tç* Simple present tense ™ He cuts
ûª´’ ´÷ûª%-¶µ«-≠憒 correct í¬ØË ´÷ö«x-úø-û√®Ω’ trees, They cut trees Å®·ûË, Ñ Verb †’ Ö°æ-
éπü∆. ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ parts of speech ™«çöÀN ûÁL-ߪ’-
ßÁ÷-Tç* °j ¢√é¬uEo Simple Past ™ à Nüµ¿çí¬
éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√ ¢√∞¡x ¶µ«≠憒 ´’†ç ûª°æ¤p °æôd-™‰ç- ®√ߪ÷L?
éπü∆? DE-´©x, äé𠶵«≠æ ´÷ö«x-úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ knowl- - B.Raghu, Godasalapalli
edge of grammar Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿E ûÁ©’-≤ÚhçC A. ÉN Regular/ weak verbs.
éπü∆? ¶µ«≠æ ´÷ö«x-úø-í∫-L-Ííç-ü¿’èπ◊ grammar Å´- He cuts trees - simple past
Ææ®Ωç é¬ü¿’. Regular practice. North India They cut trees = simple past
ÉC 鬢Ìa, sim-
ple present
™E ûÁ©’-í∫’-¢√∞¡Ÿx £œ«çD îªéπ\í¬ ´÷ö«x-úø-í∫-©®Ω’. èπÿú≈ 鬢Ìa. É™«ç-ô-°æ¤púø’ ´’†ç
é¬F £œ«çC grammar ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ûÁ©’≤ƒ? ´÷ö«x-úø- ¢√úË time expressions †’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥-Eo-•öÀd past
ôç-´©x, Éûª-®Ω’©’ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-†o-°æ¤púø’ N†-úøç-´©x, tense/ present tense ÅØËC ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-í∫©ç.
¶µ«≠æ ûªy®Ωí¬ ´Ææ’hçC. English èπÿú≈ ÅçûË. They cut trees here every day -
English ¢√∞¡x English Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊,
(simple present)
knowledge of grammar Åçûªí¬ Å´-Ææ®Ωç
They cut the trees here last week -
™‰ü¿’. English ™E ´÷ô©’ (vocabulary), (simple past)
-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 15 -V-™„j 2008-
Mohit: It is surprising. I haven't seen you for
days. What's the matter?
(Ǩ¡a®Ωuç. éÌCl-®Ó-V-©’í¬ †’´¤y Ø√èπ◊
éπE°œç‰ü¿’. àçöÀ N≠æߪ’ç?)
Sobhan: You know very well that I signed up for
the personality development pro-
gramme, don't you? It was a three day
programme which ended yesterday. Daily life situations ™ ¢√úË very common
(؈’ ´uéÀhûªy Né¬Ææç course ™ îË®√-†E expressions îª÷Ææ’hØ√oç éπü∆. ÅN ´’† Spoken
ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éπü∆? ÅC ´‚úø’ ®ÓV© 鬮Ωu-véπ´’ç. English î√™« Ææ®Ω-∞¡çí¬ î√™« Ææ£æ«-ïçí¬ ÖçúËô’x
E†oØË °æ‹®Ωh-®·uçC.) îË≤ƒh®·. ´’J-éÌEo expressions É°æ¤púø’ îª÷ü∆lç.
Mohit: (Do) you feel you are benefited from
it?
(ü∆E-´©x ™«¶µºç §ÒçC-†ô’d Féπ-E-°œ-≤Úhçü∆?)
Sobhan: Certainly. It pays to attend courses like
that.
(ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈. Å™«çöÀ courses BÆæ’-éÓ-
´úøç´©x éπ*a-ûªçí¬ v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç Öçô’çC.)
Mohit: I attended two such courses. I've
found that what they teach us in them
do not work in real life situations.
(Å™«çöÀ courses ؈’ È®çúø’-≤ƒ®Ω’x BÆæ’-
èπ◊Ø√o. ¢√öÀ™x îÁÊ°p-ü¿çû√ Eï @N-ûªç™
°æE-îË-ߪ’-ü¿E Ø√éπ-E-°œ-≤ÚhçC.)
Sobhan: I've yet to see. It's only yesterday that
the course
was complet-
Watching the TV doesn't always pay
ed. I have to
try it in my
daily life situa-
tions.
(ÅCçé¬ Øˆ’ îª÷ú≈Lq ÖçC. E†oØË éπü∆ Ç
course °æ‹®Ωh-®·çC. Ø√ Eï @N-ûªç™
¢√öÀE v°æßÁ÷-Tç-î√Lq ÖçC.)
Mohit: Theory is one thing and practice is
quite another. You'll soon see. Not all
that you learnt there can be practised.
(Æœü∆l¥ç-û√-©èπÿ, Çîª-®Ω-ùèπÿ î√™« ûËú≈ ÖçC.
Åéπ\úø ØË®Ω’a-èπ◊†o´Fo ´’†ç Çîª-®Ω-ù™
°ôd™‰ç.)
Sobhan: I now see that the courses you've
attended haven't benefited you much.
You still have negative attitude.
(Ç éÓ®Ω’q©’ FÍéO’ v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç îËèπÿ-®Ωa-™‰-ü¿E
É°æ¤púø’ Å®Ωn-´’-´¤-ûÓçC. FéÀçé¬ N´·ê ¢ÁjêJ
§Ú™‰ü¿’.)
Q.
1. Set out, Set in, Set of, Set down èπ◊ -Å®√n-©’
îÁ°æpçúÕ?
2. As, to be à Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√úø-û√®Ω’? As èπ◊
sentence
´·çü¿’ ´*a-†-°æ¤púø’ ü∆E Å®Ωnç à
N-üµ¿çí¬ ´Ææ’hçC?
3. By à Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’, By out, By of,
By out Å®√n©†’ ûÁ©-°æçúÕ?
4. Ø√èπ◊ ÉçTx≠ˇ ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√-©-†’çC. ü∆EéÀ Ø√èπ◊ As,
as well as, as ´’üµ¿u™ ´*a-†-°æ¤púø’ ¢√é¬uEo
ᙫ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-¢√L? îÁ°æpçúÕ?
- SD Khader Basha, Nellore
A. 1. Set out = Begin a journey = 1) v°æߪ÷ùç
v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-îª-úøç = •ßª’-™‰l-®Ω-úøç. (´·êuçí¬ ü¿÷®Ω
v°æߪ÷ùç). set out ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç, àüÁjØ√ °æE
v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç-îª-úøç, °æ‹†’-éÓ-´-úøç.
He set out to break the world record in
swimming = record
Ñûª™ v°æ°æçîª †’ ÅCµ-í∫-N’ç-
îª-ú≈-EéÀ °æ‹†’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.
Set in = v§ƒ®Ω綵ºç é¬-´-úøç (´·êuçí¬ Åçûª
´’ç*N é¬EN)
Summer has already set in = ¢ËÆæN Å°æ¤púË
v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µº-¢Á’içC (áçúø©’ ¶«í¬ é¬Ææ’h-Ø√o®·)
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
Mohit: I speak from experience.
(Ø√ ņ’-¶µº-´çûÓ Øˆ™« ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’Ø√o)
Sobhan: Well, let me try.
(††’o v°æߪ’-Aoç-îªF)
Mohit: Do it and wish you all success.
(é¬Eß˝’, Fèπ◊ Nïߪ’ç îËèπÿ®√©ØË Ø√ éÓJéπ)
1) You know very well that I signed up for a per-
sonality development course, don't you?
2) It pays to attend courses like that
3) I found that what they teach us don't work in
real life situations.
4) Theory is one thing and practice is quite
another.
5) You still have a negative attitude
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
478
1) Sign up for: äéπ course ™í¬F, Péπ~-ù™í¬F îË®Ω-
ú≈-EéÀ/ îËÍ® ÖüËl-¨¡çûÓ Ê°J-´yúøç.
a) I thought I'd sign up for the NCC but on
second thoughts dropped the idea= NCC
™ îËÍ®ç-ü¿’èπ◊ Ê°J-ü∆l-´’E ņ’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’, é¬F é¬Ææh
Ç™-*ç-*† ûª®√yûª ´÷†’-èπ◊Ø√o.
b) More people than expected signed up for
the blood donation programme= ®Ωéπh-ü∆†
鬮Ωu-véπ-´÷-EéÀ ņ’-èπ◊-†o-ü∆-E-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\-´-´’çC Ê°J-
î√a®Ω’.
c) He wanted to sign up for the course, but the
high fee held him back = course
fee
îË®√-©-†’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’. é¬F
Åûªú≈ ™
¶«í¬ áèπ◊\-´-´úøç Åûª-
úÕE ÇÊ°-ÆœçC. (Hold back= Ç°æúøç)
Set of - Ñ ´÷ô English ™ ™‰ü¿’.
A set of = éÌEo ´Ææ’h-´¤©/ ´uèπ◊h© •%çü¿ç
A set of books = °æ¤Ææh-鬩 ÆæN’A.
A set of boys = éÌçü¿®Ω’ ¶«©’®Ω •%çü¿ç
Set down = write down = ®√ߪ’-úøç, ´’®Ω-*
§Ú-èπ◊çú≈ ÖçúËç-ü¿’èπ◊.
a) He set down his experiences in his dairy =
Åûª-úø’ ûª† ņ’-¶µº-¢√-©Fo ûª† diary ™ ®√¨»úø’
(§Òçü¿’°æJ-î√úø’)
b) The warden set down the rules of the
hostel = £æ…Ææd™ ¸ E•ç-üµ¿-†-©†’ warden ®√¨»úø’
(NCµç-î√úø’)
2. As = ´™„/ -é¬-•-öÀd/ -Åçûª (§ÚLa-†-°æ¤púø’)
a) He talks as his father does = Åûª-úø’ ¢√∞¡x
Ø√†o-™«Íí/ ´™„ ´÷ö«x-úø-û√úø’.
b) As = Åçü¿’-´©x/ 鬕öÀd = As it is expensive I
don't want to buy it = ÅC êK-ü¿-´-úøç ´©x ؈’
éÌ-†’éÓy¢√-©-†’-éÓ-´-úøç-™‰ü¿’.
c) §ÚLéπ = She is as tall as her sister = Ç¢Á’
ûª† Åéπ\çûª/ Åéπ\™« §Òúø’í∫’.
3. By - DEo Éçûªèπ◊´·çü¿’ lessons ™ N´-Jçî√ç,
îª÷úøçúÕ. By of, By out- Ñ expressions 2. Brilliant,
English ™ ™‰´¤.
4. As N≠æ-ߪ’ç- °j† N´-Jçî√ç éπü∆?
As well as = 1) Åçûª ¶«í¬.
I cannot sing as well as her =
Ç¢Á’ Åçûª ¶«í¬ ؈’ §ƒúø-™‰†’.
As well as = 2) È®çúÕçöx, Éü¿l-J™ È®çúø÷/-É-ü¿l®Ω÷.
2
4) This is one thing and that is quite another
2) It pays = ü∆E-´©x v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç Öçô’çC.
= DEéà ü∆Eéà î√™« ûËú≈ ÖçC.
a) It pays to improve your communication
a) Being interested in politics is one thing and
skills = Communication skills
°ç§Òç-Cç--éÓ-
taking part in active politics is another =
´-úøç-´©x v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç Öçô’çC.
®√ï-éÃ-ߪ÷™x ÇÆæéÀh Öçúø-ö«-EéÀ, véÀߪ÷-Q© ®√ï-
b) Connections with those in high positions
certainly pay= Ö†o-ûª-≤ƒn-®·™ Ö†o ´uèπ◊h-©ûÓ
éÃߪ÷™x §ƒ™Ôx-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ î√™« ûËú≈ ÖçC.
b) To preach is one thing and to practise is
Ææç•ç-üµ∆©’ éπ*a-ûªçí¬ °æE-îË-≤ƒh®·. quite another = Ö°æ-üË-Pç-îª-ú≈-EéÀ, Çîª-Jç-îª-ú≈-EéÀ
c) Watching the TV doesn't always pay= TV
î√™« ûËú≈ ÖçC.
(It's
c) To know about a place from books is one
îª÷úø-ôç-´©x ÅEo¢Ë∞¡™« v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç Öçúøü¿’.
a waste of time
thing and to see it is another =
ÅE) äéπ v°æüË-¨»Eo
3) don't work: (´’† Ç™-îª-†©÷, plans ™«çöÀN)
í∫’Jç* îªCN ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç, Ç v°æüË-¨»Eo
°æE-îË-ߪ’-éπ-§Ú-´úøç/ ¢√öÀ-´©x v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç ™‰éπ-§Ú-´úøç.
îª÷úøôç äéπöÀ é¬ü¿’.
a) My plans did not work. I was disappointed 5) Negative attitude = N´·ê ¢ÁjêJ, (ÉC Spoken
English ™ ûª®Ω-îª’í¬ NE-
°œçîË expression é¬ü¿’.
Å®·Ø√ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç
´’ç*üË) 'üËE-´™«x à v°æßÁ÷-
ï†ç Öçúøü¿’— ÅØË ûªûªyç.
a) To think that we cannot learn English is a
=
Ø√ v°æù«-R-éπ™‰ç °æE-îË- sign of a negative attitude = English
´’†èπ◊
ߪ’-™‰ü¿’. ؈’ î√™« ®√ü¿’™‰ ņ’-éÓ-´úøç N´·ê ¢ÁjêJ.
E®√-¨¡-îÁç-ü∆†’. b) We can never win if we have a negative
b) Kesav: This is the
attitude = ´’†èπ◊ N´·ê ¢ÁjêJ Öçõ‰ ´’†ç
way you can get the Nïߪ’ç ≤ƒCµç-‰ç.
job =
Negative attitude X Positive attitude (Ææ’´·ê
Ñ Nüµ¿çí¬ †’¢√y
ÖüÓuí∫ç Ææ秃-Cç--éÓ-í∫-
M.SURESAN ¢ÁjêJ)
©´¤.
a) ´’†ç à °æE-îË-ߪ’™‰ç/ ´’†èπ◊ ´’ç* ï®Ω-éπ\-§Ú-
Kumar: No. that won't work. I shall only end
´îª’a/ ´’† v°æߪ’ûªoç Ææ°∂æ©ç é¬ü¿’ – Negative
up jobless =
™‰ü¿’. ÅüËç °æE-îË-ߪ’ü¿’. Å™«
attitude.
Å®·ûË Øˆ’ ÖüÓuí∫ç ™‰èπ◊ç-ú≈ØË/ E®Ω’-üÓu-T-í¬ØË
b) ´’†ç Ç °æE-îË-ߪ’-í∫©ç/ îËÆœ îª÷ü∆lç, °∂æL-ûª-¢Ë’-ü¿-
N’T-L-§Úû√.
c) Things don't work the way we want them to ®·Ø√/ ´’†èπ◊ Nïߪ’ç ©Gµ-Ææ’hçC – Positive
attitude.
= ´’†ç ņ’-èπ◊†oN ņ’-èπ◊-†oô’x °æE-îË-ߪ’´¤/ °æE-
îË-ߪ’´¤.
Because of rain the play ended =
He as well as his sister is here = Åûª-úø÷,
Åûª-úÕ sister -
Éü¿l®Ω÷ Ééπ\úø ÖØ√o®Ω’. (Åûª-úË-é¬éπ, ´®Ω{ç ´©x Çô ÇTçC/ Å®·-§Ú-®·çC.
sister (play Åçõ‰ Ø√ôéπç ÅØË Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC)
Åûª-úÕ èπÿú≈)
As èπ◊ -Ö-†o Å®√n©’ N´-Jçî√ç éπü∆. Ææçü¿-®√s¥Eo Play = game = sport Å®·ûË, game ≤ƒ´÷-
†uçí¬ Éü¿lJ ´’üµ¿uØÓ, È®çúø’ ïôx ´’üµ¿uØÓ ïJÍí
•öÀd ÆæÈ®j† Å®Ωnç Ü£œ«ç--éÓ-¢√L. ÉC îªü¿-´í¬
véÃúø– Cricket, Tennis, Chess, etc. Sport Éü¿l®Ω’
îªü¿-´í¬ ûÁ©’-Ææ’hçC.
Q. Why do you like your friend? ÅØË v°æ¨¡oèπ◊ Ææ´÷-
™‰ü∆ áèπ◊\´ ´uèπ◊h©’ äÍé-≤ƒJ §ƒ™Ô_ØË véÃúø– run-
ning race, high jump, long jump, etc.
üµ∆-Ø√-©’í¬– a) I like my friend because she is 2. Brilliant =
loving and kind to me. b) I like my friend
Å≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ω-ù-¢Á’i† ûÁLN/ v°æïc éπ©, Éûª-
because she loves and kind to me. È®çúø÷
®Ω’©†’ Ǩ¡a®Ωu-°æ-JîË/ Éûª-®Ω’-©™ íÌ°æp ÅGµ-v§ƒßª’ç
éπL-TçîË ûÁLN ûËô©’, ØË®Ω’p– A brilliant scientist/
éπÈ®-ÍédØ√? idea/ performance (v°æü¿-®Ωz†) (´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç–
- M.Chandrika Mahalakshmi, Perumandra
v°æé¬-¨¡-´ç-ûª-¢Á’i†/ brilliant sun shine, etc)
A. a) She is loving - Ééπ\úø is loving verb é¬ü¿’. is
Intelligent, clever - Ñ È®çúø÷ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äéπõ‰–
verb, loving adjective, He is a loving hus-
î√™« ûÁLNéπ©, üËØÁj oØ√ Ææ’©-¶µºçí¬ Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’èπ◊ØË
band ™ loving ™«.
¨¡éÀh, Ç™-*ç-îª-í∫© ¨¡éÀh. Å®·ûË intelligent °æ¤ô’d-éπûÓ
b) I like my friend because she loves and kind ´îËa í∫’ù«-EéÀ áèπ◊\´ ¢√úøû√ç; clever äéÌ\-éπ\-
to me Åçûª correct é¬ü¿’. Correct form of the
°æ¤púø’, ´’†ç Ææ秃-CçîË, °ç§Òç-Cç--éÌØË ûÁLN
sentence. I like my friend because she loves ûËô©’ 鬢Ìa. Clever èπ◊, éÌEo Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x,
me and is kind to me. Ééπ\úø loves, verb. ¢Á÷ÆæçîËߪ’-í∫© ÅØË negative Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC.
Sentences a éÀ, b éÀ structure ™ ûËú≈ ÖçC.
a) An elephant is an intelligent animal.
Q. 1. Play, Show, Game, Sport OöÀE áéπ\úø,
b) A fox (†éπ\)is a clever animal.
á°æ¤púø’,ᙫ ¢√ú≈L? Genius . Å≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ω-ù-¢Á’i† ûÁL-N-ûË-ô©’, v°æñ«c §ƒô-
Intelligent, Clever, Genius
OöÀ ¢√©÷, ØÁj°æ¤ùuç.
í∫’ Jç* èπÿ ú≈ îÁ° æpçúÕ. He is a writer of genius. É™«çöÀ ©éπ~ù«©’†o
- Maduri satyanarayana, Hyderabad ´uéÀh èπÿú≈ genius. ÅEoöÀ éπØ√o íÌ°æpC–
A. 1. Play- Çô/ Çúøôç– áèπ◊\-´í¬ Çúøôç ÅØË Å®Ωnç- Genius. ü∆E ûª®√yûª, brilliant, Ç ûª®√yûª intelli-
ûÓØË ¢√úøû√ç. gent/ clever.
Play = Çô ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’, à Nüµ¿-¢Á’i†
véÃúø Å®·Ø√ 鬢Ìa.
í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 17 -V-™„j 2008
Charith: The boss wants us to start work in
two days. He doesn't want is to be
delayed any longer.
(´’† boss È®çvúÓ-V©éπ™«x °æE ¢Á·ü¿-©’-
°ôd´’çô’-Ø√oúø’. ÉçÍéç Ç©Ææuç é¬èπÿúø-
ü¿ç-ô’-Ø√oúø’.)
Manasa: Why such a short notice?
(Åçûª ûªèπ◊\´ Ææ´’-ߪ’´÷?)
Charith: He always takes us by surprise.
There's no helping it. Come what
may we have to do it.
(Çߪ’† á°æ¤púø÷ ´’†èπ◊ Ǩ¡a-®Ωu¢Ë’ éπL-T-
Ææ’hç-ö«úø’. ÅC ûª°æpü¿’. àüË¢Á’iØ√ ´’†ç
îËߪ÷-LqçüË).
Manasa: What does he take us for? Machines
or human beings?
(´’†Lo à´’-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o-ú≈-ߪ’†? ߪ’çvû√-
©Ø√, ´’†’-≠æfl-©Ø√?)
Charith: It's all fixed up. There's no changing
it now.
(Åçû√ E®Ωgߪ’¢Á’i§Ú-®·çC. ´’†ç
´÷Í®aüËç ™‰ü¿çü¿’™).
Manasa: We'll have to put up with this nui-
sance man-
ager, I feel. It
What do you take us for?
all boils down
to this: do
what the
boss says or get the hell out of here.
(Ñ ûª©-ØÌ°œp manager †’ ¶μºJç-î√-
Lqçüˆ†’-èπ◊çö«. DE ≤ƒ®√稡ç àN’-ôçõ‰
boss îËÊ°pC N†’. ™‰èπ◊çõ‰ ¢ÁRx§Ú ÅE).
Charith: No use complaining. Will you see
about the files that are important for
the information we've to give?
Meanwhile, I'll attend to the classifi-
cation.
(Aô’déÓ´úøç ´©x v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç ™‰ü¿’. ´’†ç
É¢√y-Lq† Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç í∫’Jç* îª÷≤ƒh´¤
éπüΔ? ؈’ ¢√öÀ ´K_-éπ-®Ωù à®√pô’ îË≤ƒh).
Manasa: I'll see to it, but first of all let me have
something to eat. It's lunch time.
(ÅC îË≤ƒhØËx, é¬F ´·çü¿’ †ØËo-ü¿Ø√o
A†F. É°æ¤púø’ ¶μï† Æ洒ߪ’ç).
Charith: Do have your lunch, but see that the
files are ready in an hour.
(¶μçîË®·. é¬F ã í∫çôéπ™«x files ready
îË®·).
Manasa: Sooner said than done. I am sure I'm
going to quit this job, once I get a
better job.
(îÁ°æpúøç ûËLÍé, îËߪ’úø¢Ë’ éπ≠dçæ . Éçûªéπçõ‰
´’ç*-Ö-üÓuí∫ç ´ÊÆh, ÉC ´C-™‰-≤ƒh-ØËo†’).
Charith: But till then you've to do what you
are told to do. Go about the files and
get them ready in an hour.
(Åçûª ´®Ωèπ◊ Fèπ◊ îÁ°œpçC †’´¤y îËߪ÷-
LqçüË. Ç files í∫’Jç* îª÷Æœ ¢√öÀE
ready îÁß˝’).
Manasa: Give me half an hour more they will
be ready.
(ÉçéÓ Å®Ω-í∫çô É´¤y. ؈’ ¢√öÀE ready
îË≤ƒh).
Ñ lesson ™ daily real life situations ™
ÅA ≤ƒ´÷-†uçí¬ conversation ™ NE-°œçîË ´’J-
éÌEo ´÷ô©’ îª÷üΔlç. É´Fo ´’† ¢ÁjêJ (attitude)
†’ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰ÊÆ expressions, conversation ™
Ææ£æ«-ï-¢Á’i† ¶μ«í¬©’ èπÿú≈. OöÀE Ææçü¿®Ωs¥ç
´*a†°æ¤púø™«x practise îËüΔlç.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
Look at the following sentences from the
conversation above.
1) Why such a short notice?
2) He always takes us by surprise.
3) There's no helping it.
4) What does he take us for.
5) It's all fixed up.
6) We'll have to put up with this nuisance man-
ager, I feel.
7) It all boils down to this.
c) There's no helping bribing officers to get a) It all boils down to this: power cuts will
8) Will you see about the files.
things done. The system is like that= increase = Nü¿’u-û˝-éÓûª °®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC. ÉD
9) Sooner send than done.
°æ†’©’ 鬢√-©çõ‰ ÅCμ-é¬-®Ω’-©èπ◊ ©çîªç É´yéπ ≤ƒ®√稡ç/ ´·ë«u稡ç.
10) Go about the files.
ûª°æpü¿’. ´u´Ææn Å™« ÖçC. b) It all boils down to our working for more
1) At a short notice- Ééπ\úø notice èπ◊ Å®Ωnç,
4) To take someone for something = äéπJ hours with less pay = ´·ë«u稡ç àN’-ôçõ‰
àüÁjØ√ °æEéÀ ´’†-éÀîËa í∫úø’´¤/ ´u´Cμ.
í∫’Jç-* ņ’-éÓ-´úøç. ´’†ç ûªèπ◊\´ @ûªçûÓ áèπ◊\´ í∫çô©’ °æE-îË-ߪ÷-
a) We give you three months' notice to
a) What do you take us for- your servants? = ©E.
vacate the house= É©’x ë«S îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊
à´’-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤ ´’´’tLo– F ؈éπ-®Ωx´÷? c) The CM's acting in a silent movie boils
´‚úø’ ØÁ©© í∫úø’´¤ ÉÆæ’hØ√oç.
b) Don't take her for a fool. She can outsmart down to his not uttering a dialogue with
you = any scope for controversy = CM ´‚éÙ
ÇNúËO’ ´‚®Ω’^-®√-©-†’-éÓèπ◊. Féπçõ‰ ûÁLN
ûËô©’ îª÷°æ-í∫-©ü¿’. †öÀç-îªúøç ≤ƒ®√ç¨¡ç– N¢√-üΔ-EéÀ û√NîËa Ææç¶μ«-≠æ-
c) Because of his appearance I never took
-Ççí∫x-¶μ«-≠æ-ù
ù‰D Öîªa-Jç-îª-éπ-§Ú-´úøç.
8) See about something = (äéπ\ N≠æߪ’ç)
479 him for the scientist he is =
îª÷Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç.
a) I'll make the hall
ready. Will you see
about the chairs for
the guests? = ؈’
hall Æœü¿l¥ç îË≤ƒh†’.
b) It's impossible for anyone to do it at such a ÅûªúÕ ¢√©éπç îª÷Æœ Åûªúø’ †’´¤y èπ◊Ka© N≠æߪ’ç
short notice= Åçûª ûªèπ◊\´ ´u´-Cμ™ ÅC scientist ņ’-éÓ-™‰ü¿’ ؈’. îª÷≤ƒh¢√?
b) Don't worry. I'll see about the arrange-
îËߪ’úøç á´-Jéà ≤ƒüμ¿uç-é¬ü¿’. 5) Be fixed up = E®Ωg-ߪ’-
c) The boss asked him to quit without notice= ments for the guests' stay = àç ÇçüÓ-∞¡-†-
¢Á’i-§Ú-´úøç.
boss °æ-úøèπ◊. ÅA-ü∑¿’© •Ææ à®√pôx N≠æߪ’ç ؈’ îª÷Ææ’-
a) It's all fixed up. All
àç ´u´Cμ/ í∫úø’´¤ É´y-èπ◊ç-ú≈ØË Åûª-úÕE
ÖüÓuí∫ç ´C-™‰-ߪ’-´’-Ø√oúø’. (¢ÁçôØË ÅûªúÕo èπ◊çö«.
that we have to do is
ÖüÓuí∫ç †’ç* ûÌ©-Tç-î√®Ω’) 9) Sooner said than done = îÁ°æpúøç ûËLÍé
M.SURESAN wait for the funds =
2) Take by surprise= Ǩ¡a®Ωuç éπL-Tç-îªúøç. îËߪ’-úø¢Ë’ éπ≠dçæ .
Åçû√ E®Ωg-ߪ’-¢Á’i-§Ú-®·çC. a) Dad wants me to walk to college. Sooner
a) His sudden appearance here took us all by
surprise= Åûª-E-éπ\úø Ö†oô’dçúÕ éπE-°œç-îªúøç ´’†ç îËߪ÷-Lqç-ü¿çû√ Eüμ¿’-©-éÓÆæç îª÷úø-ô¢Ë’. said than done = college
´÷ Ø√†o éÀ †úÕ*
´÷é¬-¨¡a®Ωuç éπL-Tç-*çC. b) It's all fixed up. You are the first to go = ¢Á∞¡x-´’ç-ö«úø’. îÁ°æpúøç ûËLÍé.
b) His resigning the job took us all by sur- Åçû√ E®Ωg-ߪ’-¢Á’i-§Ú-®·çC. ¢Á·ü¿ô ¢Á∞«x-LqçC No sooner said than done ÅØË expression
prise= Åûªúø’ ®√@-Ø√´÷ îËߪ’úøç ´÷鬨¡a®Ωuç †’¢Ëy. èπÿú≈ ÖçC– D†®Ωnç– †’´¤y îÁ°æp-úø¢Ë’ Ç©Ææuç, ؈’
c) Nothing is fixed up. The boss has to
éπL-Tç-*çC. îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ Æœü¿l¥ç ÅE.
c) Her singing at the party took us all by sur- decide = Boss
Éçé¬ àç èπ◊ü¿-®Ω-™‰ü¿’. E®Ωg-®·ç-î√- Anand: Will you make arrangements for my
stay?
prise= Ç¢Á’party ™ §ƒúøôç ´÷é¬-¨¡a®Ωuç éπL- LqçüË.
Tç-*çC. 6) Put up with =
(Ø√ •Ææèπ◊ à®√pô’x îË≤ƒh¢√?)
Æ棜«ç-îªúøç/ ¶μºJç-îªúøç/
3) There's no helping it- No helping some- Amrit: No sooner said than done.
ûªô’d-éÓ-´úøç
thing= ÅC-ûª-°æpü¿’/ üΔE í∫’Jç* ´’†¢Ë’ç a) The government says we've to put up with
(O’®Ω’ îÁ°æp-úø¢Ë’ Ç©Ææuç. ÉCíÓ, É°æ¤púË
îËߪ’™‰ç. îË≤ƒh)
the inflation for some more time = éÌçûª-é¬-
a) Prasad: Have we to pay the amount?
10) Go about = (Ééπ\úÕ Å®Ωnç) = äéπ °æE v§ƒ®Ωç-
©ç-§ƒô’ Ñ vü¿¢Óu-©s-ù«Eo ûªô’d-éÓ-¢√-Lqç-üË-†E
GμçîË ÆæØ√o-£æ…©’ îËߪ’úøç.
(´’†ç Ç ¢Á·ûªhç îÁLxç-î√-Lqç-üËØ√?)
v°æ¶μº’ûªyç ÅçöçC.
Pramod: There's no helping it if we want to a) As soon as the funds are ready, I'll go
b) (It's) difficult to put up with him. He is such
join the course. about the construction = Eüμ¿’©’ Æœü¿l¥ç é¬í¬ØË,
a nuisance = Åûª-úÕE ¶μºJç-îªúøç éπ≠dçæ . Åçûª
course
(´’†ç ™ îË®√-©çõ‰ ûª°æpü¿’) E®√tùç v§ƒ®Ωç-Gμ-≤ƒh†’.
ûª©-ØÌ°œp¢√úø’. b) He has already gone about getting the
b) No bus in sight. We have to walk the dis-
7) It all boils down to this = üΔE ≤ƒ®√稡ç/ permission =
tance. No helping it= Bus áéπ\ú≈ éπE-°œç-îª- ņ’-´’A éÓÆæç v°æߪ’-û√o©’
úøç-™‰ü¿’. ´’†ç †úø-¢√-LqçüË. ûª°æpü¿’. Å®Ωnç ÉüË. ¢Á·ü¿©’ °ö«d-úø-ûªúø’.
Q.
Bad, Dangle, Bank, Valid, Nap, Narrow,
Now pronunciation- †¢˛ é¬ü¿’, Ø√¢˛ é¬ü¿’, †– -Åç-ûª
Bouquet, Author, Shout, Maoism, Sauce,
v£æ«Ææyçí¬ é¬èπ◊ç-ú≈, -Ø√– Åçûª D®Ω`´‚ é¬èπ◊çú≈ Ø√©’éπ
Narrow, Contemptuous, Congestion, Unique, flat í¬ Â°-öÀd, °ü¿-´¤©’ ü¿í∫_-®Ωí¬ îËJÊÆh ´îËa ¨¡•lç.
Louse - -Ö-î√a®Ω-ù í∫’-Jç-* -N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. Sauce ™E 'Ç— ¨¡•lç = author -™ -E 'Ç— ¨¡•lç.
- A. Madhav, Hyderabad
Narrow ™E ow ¨¡•lç °æ‹Jh ã é¬ü¿’. ÉC éÌçîÁç go,
A. Bad, Dangle, Bank, Valid, Nap, Narrow - Ñ ´÷ô-™ xE 'a' E, ûÁ©’-í∫’™
no ™ ™« °æ-©é¬-Lq -Öç-ô’ç-C. ÉC v°æûªu-éπ~çí¬ °æ-LéÀ -ûÁ-L-ߪ’°æ®Ω-îË N≠æߪ’ç– ®√ûª™ 
û√ö«èπ◊, îÁ§ƒpúø’ ™«çöÀ ´÷ô™x-E 'ö«—, '-§ƒp— -™« °æ-©é¬-L, Å®·ûË D®Ω`ç ≤ƒüμ¿uç é¬ü¿’. ®√ûª™ îª÷°œØ√ îμ√çü¿-Ææçí¬ Öçô’çC.
™‰èπ◊çú≈ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç. Contemptuous = éπØ˛-õ„-¢˛’pa-ÅÆˇ
Bouquet- •’Èéß˝’ – 'Èé— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç.
Congestion – éπØ˛-ï-ÆæaØ˛
Author - Çüμ¿(®˝)– Ñ ´÷ô™ 'Ç— †’ °ü¿-´¤©’ í∫’çvúøçí¬ N°œp, Ø√©’éπ
Unique - ߪ·Fé˙
°æéπ\©’ °jéÀ ´ç*, 'Ç— Åçõ‰ ´îËa ¨¡•lç. DEéÀ, 'art' (Çö¸)-™E 'Ç— èπ◊ ûËú≈
Louse - (now ™™«) ©¢˛q (© é¬Ææh D®Ω`ç) îÁ§ƒpç éπüΔ. ÉN v°æûªu-éπ~çí¬ °æLéÀ
ÖçC. 'Ç(®˝)-ö¸—-™E Ç †’, °ü¿-´¤©’ Ø√©’éπ flat í¬ Öç* Åçö«ç.
Shout ™E ou, Maoism ™E ao- -OöÀE now ™E ow ™« °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç.
NE°œç-îª-´-©-Æœ† ¨¡¶«l©’.
-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 22 -V-™„j 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Neeraj: It's very clever of you, making Sarath Mukund: I want my section changed. That
pay for you too. makes the work light for me.
(¨¡®Ω-û˝†’ Fèπ◊ èπÿú≈ îÁLxçîËô’x îËߪ’-úøç™ (Ø√ section ´÷®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√-©-†’çC. Åçü¿’-´©x
î√™« ûÁLN îª÷°œç-î√´¤.) °æE-¶µ«®Ωç ûªí∫’_-ûª’çC.)
Mukund: Yea, you can say that. Imagine my Neeraj: Unfortunately he knows better than to
surprize when he asked the bearer to listen to me in such matters.
charge it upto him. (ü¿’®Ω-ü¿%-≠d-´æ -¨»ûª÷h Åûªúø’ É™«çöÀ N≠æ-
(Eï¢Ë’. Åûªúø’ bearer ûÓ ûª†èπ◊ bill ߪ÷™x Ø√ ´÷ô N†úø’.)
É´’t-†o-°æ¤púø’ Ø√ Ǩ¡a®Ωuç †’´¤y Ü£œ«ç-- Mukund: But you are so close.
éÓ-¢√-LqçüË.) (O’®Ω’ î√™« ÆæEo-£œ«-ûªçí¬ Öçö«®Ω’ éπü∆?)
Neeraj: Did he offer to pay the bill?
Neeraj: He believes in, and makes me under-
bill b) It's very bad of him to ill treat his wife = b) Get over it and start a new life =
stand,'Thus for and no further'?
(Åûªúø’ éπúø-û√-†-Ø√oú≈?) ûª† Ç ¶«üµ¿
Mukund: He did, for sure. ¶µ«®Ωu†’ ¶«Cµç-îªúøç ÅûªúÕ ü¿’®√t®Ω_ç. †’ç* ûË®Ω’éÓ. éÌûªh @Nûªç v§ƒ®Ωç-Gµç.
(á´®Ω’ áçûª-´-®Ωèπ◊ Öçú≈™ Åçûª-´-®ΩÍé
(Å´¤†’. Eïçí¬.) Öçú≈-©ØË N≠æߪ’ç †´·t-û√-úø-ûªúø’.) c) It was foolish of Dharmaraja to gamble with c) It took months for her to get over the
Neeraj: Didn't Bhavan join you? Sakuni = Jaundice =
Mukund: I'm disappointed.
¨¡èπ◊-úÕûÓ Wü¿-´÷-úøôç üµ¿®Ωt-®√V 鬢Á’®Ωx †’ç* éÓ©’-èπ◊-ØËçü¿’èπ◊ Ç¢Á’èπ◊
(Bhavan O’ûÓ ®√™‰ü∆?) ÅN¢Ëéπç. ØÁ © ©’ °æ ö Àdç C.
(Ø√èπ◊ E®√-¨¡í¬ ÖçC.) 2) Charge it to some one/ charge some one 5) Pardon!: á´-È®jØ√ îÁ°œpçC ´’†èπ◊ NE-°œç-îª-†-°æ¤púø’,
Mukund: He is yet to get over the shock of his
Neeraj: Don't worry. I'll still try. With any luck
bad score in the last exam. for some thing = äéπJE îÁLxç-îª-´’-†úøç. ´’Sx ÉçéÓ-≤ƒJ îÁ°æpç-úøE ´’®√u-ü¿í¬ Åúø-í∫úøç. (I)
he may consider.
(§Ú®·† exam ™ ´*a† ûªèπ◊\´ a) Charge the drinks to me, and my room rent Beg your pardon ÅE èπÿú≈ Åçö«ç. ´·êuçí¬
´÷®Ω’\© shock †’ç* Åûª-úÕçé¬ ûË®Ω’-éÓ- and food to the company = §ƒF-ߪ÷-©èπ◊ Ø√
(°∂æ®√y-™‰-ü¿’™‰. v°æߪ’-Ao≤ƒh. Åü¿%≠ædç °ü¿l-¢√-∞¡xûÓ/ ´’†-éπçõ‰ °j ≤ƒn®·™ Ö†o-¢√-∞¡xûÓ/ Å°æ-
™‰ü¿’.) ¶«í∫’çõ‰ Åûªúø’ Ç™-*ç-îª-´îª’a.) ü¿í∫_®Ω ´Ææ÷©’ îËߪ’çúÕ/ Ø√ ê®Ω’aí¬ BÆæ’-éÓçúÕ/ J-*-ûª’-©ûÓ É™« Åçö«ç. Å®Ωnç: à´’-Ø√o®Ω’? ÅE.
Mukund: Thank you. ؈’ îÁLx-≤ƒh†’, Ø√ í∫C ÅüÁl, ǣ慮Ωç company Pardon ÅÆæ-©®Ωnç– éπ~N’ç-îªçúÕ (sorry) (N†-†ç-ü¿’èπ◊,
Neeraj: That's a pity. His failure was the least
expected. Daily conversation ™ ´îËa ´’J-éÌEo high fre- ê®Ω’a™ ®√ߪ’çúÕ/ †’ç* ´’®Ó-≤ƒJ îÁ°æpçúÕ ÅØËçü¿’èπ◊)
(ÅC ü¿’®Ω-ü¿%≠ædç. Åûªúø’ fail 鬴úøç quency spoken English ´Ææ÷©’ îËߪ’çúÕ. Catch = ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç, °æô’d-éÓ-´úøç éπü∆? Ééπ\úÕ
ü∆ü∆°æ¤ á´®Ω÷ ņ’-éÓ-EC.) expressions Ñ les- b) All expenses of Å®Ωnç, NE-°œç-îªúøç.
Mukund: Pardon! I didn't quite catch what you son ™ îª÷ü∆lç. OöÀE ministers are Pardon, I couldn't catch you = éπ~N’ç-îªçúÕ, O’®Ω-
said.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 480 charged to the gov-
Å´-鬨¡ç ´*a-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x
†oC Ø√èπ◊ NE-°œç-îª-™‰ü¿’. ´’®Ó-´÷®Ω’ îÁ°æp®√?
(àçöÃ? †’´y-†oC ؈’ ÆæJí¬ NØËxü¿’.) ¢√úøçúÕ. ernment =
6) I could use some cof-
Neeraj: I was saying fee. Ééπ\úÕ 'use' Å®Ωnç,

Put in a good wor d for some one

few expected
Bhavan to
score so low.
(¶µº´-Ø˛èπ◊ Åçûª
ûªèπ◊\´ ´÷®Ω’\-
™Ô-≤ƒh-ߪ’E ü∆ü∆°æ¤ á´®Ω÷ ņ’-éÓ-™‰ü¿’ ÅE Look
Åçô’Ø√o.)
Mukund: Oh, by the way, there's something you
can do for me. But first I could use
some coffee.
(ÅC ÆæÍ®-é¬F, †’´¤y Ø√èπ◊ îËߪ’-í∫© ≤ƒßª’ç
äéπ-ô’çC. Åçûª-èπ◊-´·çü¿’ é¬Ææh coffee
û√í¬-©-†’çC.)
Neeraj: Oh, sure. I feel like some good coffee
too. Let's go to some good restaurant.
But what can I do for you?
(ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈. Ø√èπÿ coffee û√í¬-©ØË ÅE-°œ- 1) It's very clever of you= ÅC F ûÁL-N-ûË-ô©’. a) She will be back on Monday, for sure = Ç¢Á’ recommend/ Æœ§∂ƒ-®ΩÆæ’ îËߪ’úøç. (¢√∞¡x í∫’Jç*
≤ÚhçC. ´’ç* £æ«Ùô-™¸-Èé∞«lç. Å®·ûË Øˆ’ É™«çöÀ expressions ´’J-éÌEo É™« ¢√úø-´îª’a. It's
îËߪ’-í∫-L-Tç-üË-N’öÀ?)
Mukund: How about putting in a good word for
me with our boss. Isn't he your
cousin?
(Ø√ í∫’Jç* ã ´’ç* ´÷ô ´÷ man-
ager ûÓ îÁ°æp-èπÿ-úøü∆? Åûªúø’ F cousin
éπü∆?)
Neeraj: Yes, he is. What do you want from
him?
(Å´¤†’. FÍéç 鬢√L ÅûªúÕ †’ç*?)
Spoken English™ 鬢√L/
É≠ædç ÅE. ÉC î√™« ¶«í∫’ç-
ô’çC, Spoken English
™.
a) We could use a good dinner before going
at the following sentences
from the dialogue above:
´’çvûª’© ê®Ωaçû√ v°æ¶µº’ûªyç †’ç* to a movie, couldn't we? = ÆœE-´÷-Èé-∞Ïx-´·çü¿’
dinner ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC éπü∆?/ ´’†-éÀ-≠d¢
1) It's very clever of you.
´Ææ÷-©-´¤-ûª’çC. ´’ç* æ Ë’
c) What's the bill? Charge it to me,
2) ... he asked the bearer to charge it éπ ü ∆?
please = Bill áçûª? Ø√ ü¿í∫_®Ω †’ç*
up to him. b) You could use a good drink, I am sure = FéÀ-
3) He did, for sure. BÆæ’-éÓçúÕ. °æ¤púø’ ´’ç* §ƒFߪ’ç Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÅE-°œ-≤ÚhçC
d) He charged her Rs. 800/- for
4) He is yet to get over the shock of M.SURESAN Ø√èπ◊.
his low score. repairing the TV = TV repair c) I could use some hot stuff in this cold
5) Pardon! I didn't quite catch what you said. îË Æ œ-†çü¿’ èπ◊ Ç¢Á ’ ü¿í ∫_® Ω †’ç* áE- N ’C ´çü¿© weather = Ñ îª©xöÀ ¢√û√-´-®Ω-ùç™ àüÁjØ√ ¢ËúÕí¬
6) I could use some coffee. ®Ω ÷ §ƒßª ’ ©’ BÆæ ’ - è π ◊ - Ø √oúø ’ . AØ√- © -E-° œ-≤ ÚhçC Ø√èπ◊.
7) .. putting in a good word for me .. 3) For sure = éπ*a-ûªçí¬/ EÆæqç-üË-£æ«çí¬. 7) Put in a good word for some one = äéπ-JE
éπ*a-ûªçí¬ ≤Ú´’-¢√®Ωç AJT Ééπ\-úø’ç-ô’çC. ´’ç*í¬ îÁ°æpúøç).
very good/ kind/ bad/ foolish of some one b) One thing is for sure. No party will get a) His brother-in-law got the job because he
(you/ him/ her/ them etc.) = ¢√∞¡xé¬ í∫’ù«-©’-Ø√o- enough majority to form the government in put in a good word for him. = Åûªúø’ recom-
ߪ ’E îÁ° æp úøç . the next elections. äéπöÀ ´÷vûªç éπ*aûªç. ´îËa mend îËߪ’úøç ´©x ÅûªúÕ ¶«´-´’-JCéÀ Ç
a) It was really great of Dharmaraja to save áEo- é π™ x à §ƒKd éà v°æ¶ µº’û√yEo à®Ωp-®Ωî Ë •©ç ®√ü¿’. ÖüÓuí∫ç ´*açC.
the Kouravas from the Gandharvas = í∫çüµ¿- 4) To get over = ¶«üµ¿/ ï•’s †’ç* éÓ©’-éÓ-´úøç/ b) He has none to put in a good word for him
®Ω’y© ¶«J-†’ç* ü¿’®Óu-üµ¿-Ø√-ü¿’-©†’ ®ΩéÀ~ç-îªúøç üµ¿®Ωt- ´÷´‚©’ ÆœnAéÀ ®√´úøç/ ûË®Ω’-éÓ-´úøç. = Åûª-úÕE recommend îËÊÆç-ü¿’-Èé-´®Ω÷ ™‰®Ω’.
®√V íÌ°æp-ûª†ç. a) Indira Gandhi never got over the untimely (English ™ recommend ví¬çC∑éπç, Put in a
´’†-Èé-´-®Ω-®·Ø√ ≤ƒßª’ç-îËÊÆh, ´÷´‚©’ thanks death of her son Sanjay Gandhi = ûª† good word for somebody/ put in a word in
éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ îÁÊ°pç-ü¿’èπ◊– It's very/ so kind of éÌúø’èπ◊ Ææçï-ß˝’-í¬çDµ Å鬩 ´’®Ωùç ´©x ¶«üµ¿ somebody's favour- ÉN Spoken Language
you Åçö«ç. †’ç* ÉçC-®√-í¬çDµ éÓ©’-éÓ-ØË-™‰ü¿’. forms).

Gandhi is regarded as a Mahatma =

Å®·ûË in respect of ¢√úË î√™«îÓôx about 5. Mind blowing = Cví∫s¥´’/ Cví¬s¥çA éπL-TçîË.
Gandhi
¢√-úÌa. ÅC simple. äéπ ´’£æ…-ûª’t-úÕí¬ °æJ-í∫-ùÀç-îª-•-úø’-ûª’- a) Some of the feats in the circus were mind
blowing = Circus feats
He said the same thing in respect of/
Ø√oúø’. (´÷´‚©’ ûÁ©’í∫’ – í¬çDµE ´’£æ…-ûª’t- ™-E éÌ--Eo Cví∫s¥´’
about those books = Ç °æ¤Ææh-é¬Lo í∫’Jç*/ úÕí¬ °æJ-í∫-ùÀ≤ƒhç) éπL-Tç-îË-Ní¬ ÖØ√o®·.-
Q. 1. In respect of 2. by virtue of 3. be He wants to be regarded as great = Åûªúø’ b) The way the husband cut off his wife's
°æ¤Ææh-鬩 N≠æߪ’ç Åûª-úø-üË ÅØ√oúø’.
regarded 4. any how 5. mind blowing 2. By virtue of: Because of = Åçü¿’-´©x.
íÌ°æp-¢√-úø’í¬ °æJ-í∫-ùÀç-°æ-•ú≈©E ņ’èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√oúø’. head and carried it to the police station is
6. exchange - change 4. Anyhow - 1) àüË-¢Á’iØ√ = any way. mind blowing = police sta-
By virtue of her age she can't apply for the
– -O-öÀ -Å®√n-™‰-N’-öÀ? ¶µ«®Ωu ûª© †JéÀ
-ûË-ú≈ -à-N’-öÀ? I knew he wouldn't come, but any how I tion (shocking)
èπ◊ BÆæ’-Èé-Rx† Nüµ¿ç Cví¬s¥çA
job = Ç¢Á’ ´ßª’Ææ’ ´©x/ Ç¢Á’ ´ßª’Ææ’ é¬®Ω-ùçí¬,
- A Sridhar, Oripenta invited him/ I invited him any way = éπL-T-≤ÚhçC.
apply Åûªúø’
A.
Ç¢Á’ Ç ÖüÓu-í¬-EéÀ îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’. 6. Exchange = ´÷JpúÕ – äéπ-ü∆Eo*a -•-ü¿’-LçéÓ-öÀ
1. In respect of = ü∆Eo í∫’Jç*/ Ç N≠æ-ߪ’ç™. By virtue of being a CM, he can travel at
®√úøE Ø√èπ◊ ûÁ©’Ææ’ é¬F àüË-¢Á’iØ√ Åûª-úÕE ؈’
1) The rule does not say anything in BÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç.
Govt expense = CM
Ç£æ…yEç-î√†’.
They exchanged rings = ¢√∞¡Ÿx Öçí∫®√©’ ´÷®Ω’a-
respect of the students of private
é¬-´-úøç´©x Çߪ’† v°æ¶µº’ûªy
ê®Ω’a-ûÓ v°æߪ÷ùç îËßÁ·îª’a. 2) Any how = É≠ædç ´*a-†ô’x (-ã °æü¿l¥-A-
schools = Private schools students ™‰-èπ◊çú≈). He put the things in the box èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’. äéπJ Öçí∫®Ωç ÉçéÌ-éπJü∆EûÓ ´÷JpúÕ
3. Be regarded - Regard = °æJ-í∫-ùÀç-îªúøç/
anyhow and the box wouldn't close =
N≠æ-ߪ’ç™, Ç E•ç-üµ¿† àç îÁ°æpúøç ™‰ü¿’. îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’.
2) They want to go to court in respect of
ņ’-éÓ-´úøç. Change= ´÷®Ω’p/ ´÷®Ωúøç.
Be (am/ is/ are, etc..) regarded = °æJ-í∫-ùÀç-îª-
Ç Â°-õ„d™ ´Ææ’h-´¤©’ É≠ædç ´*a-†ô’d
the property = Ç ÇÆœh N≠æߪ’ç™ ¢√∞¡Ÿx There is a change in the rule = E•ç-üµ¿-†™
•-úø-ôç (PV) °ö«dúø’, ÅC-°æ¤púø’ ´‚Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç ™‰ü¿’.
éÓ®Ω’dèπ◊ ¢Á∞«x©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’. ´÷®Ω’pçC.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 27 -V-™„j 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Visisht: The whole city was plunged into dark-

complicated = ÆæçéÀx-≠d-¢æ Á’i†/ Ææ’©¶µºç é¬ØË-é¬E
ness for an hour last night. I ended up
thoroughly =
almost crashing into a lorry.
èπ~◊ùoçí¬/ °æ‹Jhí¬
Vikranth: (It was) quite a surprize win for the
(E†o ®√vA í∫çô-ÊÆ°æ¤ †í∫-®Ω-´’çû√ <éπöx government. It had almost written off
´·E-T-§Ú-®·çC. *´-JéÀ ؈’ ã ™«KéÀ the support of some of the parties.
úµŒéÌ--†oçûª °æ†-®·çC)
Vikranth: What's so surprising about it? These
(ÅC v°æ¶µº’-û√y-EéÀ Ǩ¡a-®Ωu-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† Nï-ߪ’¢Ë’.
things do happen. I think it was due to
éÌEo §ƒKd© ´’ü¿lûª’ O’ü¿ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ †´’téπç
the power cut.
éÓ™p-®·ç-ü¿C)
Visisht: I did expect the government to sail
(Åçü¿’™ Åçûª Ǩ¡a-®Ωu-°æ-úË-üË-´·çC? É™«ç- through. After all, horse-trading is not
öÀN ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª÷ØË Öçö«®·. ÅC Nü¿’uûª’h new to us.
éÓûª ´©x ņ’-èπ◊çö«.) b) Stock market prices which had plunged last a) The crying need of the hour is a leader of
week recovered with the UPA victory = great leader =
Visisht: But isn't the power cut from 3 to 6 in
(؈’ Èí©’-Ææ’hç-ü¿ØË Å†’-èπ◊Ø√o. àüË-¢Á’iØ√ v°æÆæ’hûªç ü˨»-EéÀ Åûªu-´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’i-†C
the evening? I am talking about the
àüÓ-N-üµ¿çí¬ ´’ü¿lûª’ ûÁa-éÓ-´úøç ´’†èπ◊ stock market
véÀûªç ¢√®Ωç °æûª-†-¢Á’i† üµ¿®Ω©’, ã íÌ°æp Ø√ߪ’-èπ◊úø’.
power going off at 9.
éÌûËhç é¬ü¿’-éπü∆?) UPA Èí©’-°æ¤ûÓ éÓ©’-èπ◊-Ø√o®·. b) Full employment is the crying need of the
Vikranth: OK. Let's wind up our discussion hour =
(Nü¿’uûª’h éÓûª ≤ƒßª’çvûªç 3 †’ç* 6 ´®Ωèπ◊ c) He plunged into the river to save the drown- °æ‹Jh ÖüÓu-Tûª É°æpöÀ Åûªu-´-Ææ®Ω N≠æߪ’ç.
here. How about taking a good walk of the hour =
éπü∆? ؈’ ´÷ö«x-úËC 9 í∫çô-©èπ◊ current ing child = ´·E-T-§Ú-ûª’†o Gúøf†’ ®ΩéÀ~ç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ v°æÆæ’hûª/ ´’†ç ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’†o
along the tankbund. Ææ´’-ߪ’°æ¤
§Ú´úøç í∫’Jç*) Åûªúø’ †C-™éÀ ü¿÷é¬úø’.
Tankbund 4) It had written off - to write some person/
Vikranth: Power supply is erratic these days. It
(ÆæÍ®™‰. Éçéπ Ωa ´·Tü∆lç. d) The robber plunged a knife into the man's
something off =
doesn't fit in with the government's
¢Áç•úÕ é¬ÊÆ°æ¤ †úø’-ü∆l´÷?) äéπ ´uéÀh/ ã N≠æߪ’ç í∫’Jç* Ǩ¡
chest =
Visisht: Sorry, I don't feel up to it. I am tired. (I)
Ç üÓ°œ-úÕ-üÌçí∫ Åûª-úÕE éπAhûÓ §ÒúÕ-î√úø’.
promise of limiting the power cut to
´ü¿-©’-éÓ-´úøç. ´·êuçí¬ ´Ææ÷-©’-é¬E ¶«é醒 ´ü¿’-
wish to go home and take rest. e) Soon after Gandhi's returned from South
regular hours.
©’-éÓ-´úøç/ Ǩ¡ ´ü¿’-©’-éÓ-´úøç.
(Sorry, Åçûª ã°œé𠙉C-°æ¤púø’ Ø√èπ◊. Å©-Æœ- Africa he plunged into politics= ü¿éÀ~-ù«-v°∂œé¬ a) The company has written off the amount as
(Nü¿’uû˝ Ææ®Ω-°∂æ®√ äéπ °æü¿l¥-Aí¬ Öçúø-ôç-™‰D †’ç* AJT ®√í¬ØË, í¬çDµ a bad debt = ´Ææ÷©’ îËÆæ’-éÓ-™‰E ¶«éÃí¬ Ç
®ÓV™x. v°æA-®ÓW EKgûª Ææ´’-ߪ÷-EéÀ §Úߪ÷. ÉçöÀ-
ÈéRx Nv¨»çA ®√ï-éÃ-ߪ÷™xéÀ v°æ¢Ë-Pç- company Ç ¢Á·û√hEo ´ü¿’-©’-èπ◊çC.
(éÓûª) °æJ-N’-ûªçí¬ØË Öçô’ç-ü¿†o v°æ¶µº’ûªy
BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ü∆-´’E î√úø’/ ´·E-T-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’. b) The old parents have written off their son
£æ…O’éÀ §Òçûª† èπ◊ü¿-®Ωü¿’)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 481
(´·êuçí¬ Öû√q-£æ«çûÓ, as totally unhelpful = Ç ´·ÆæL ûªLxü¿çvúø’©’
erratic= äéπ °æü¿l¥A ™‰èπ◊çú≈
ņ’-èπ◊ç-
ô’Ø√o) sudden í¬ îËߪ’úøç) ûª´’ éÌúø’èπ◊ Ææ£æ…-ߪ’ç-O’ü¿ Ǩ¡ ´ü¿’-©’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’.
Visisht: The whole nation is crying out for
c) It's too big an amount to
more power and
be written off = ÅC ´ü¿’-

.. cr ying out for a cor r uption fr ee govt

we are unable
to step up our
power genera-
tion.
(ü˨¡ç ¢Á·ûªhç
áèπ◊\´ current 鬢√-©E °∂æ’≠æ°-úø’-ûÓçC, Daily real life situations ™E con-
´’†¢Ë’¢Á÷ Nü¿’u-ü¿’-ûªp-AhE °çîª-™‰-éπ-§Ú- versation ™ áü¿’-®ΩßË’u ´’J-éÌEo
ûª’Ø√oç)
step up= °çîªúøç/ áèπ◊\´ îËߪ’úøç
Vikranth: That's exactly why our central govern-
ment wants to sign the nuclear deal
with the US. It will give us what we
need very badly- plenty of electric
power.
(ÆæJí¬_ Åçü¿’Íé ´’† Íéçvü¿ v°æ¶µº’ûªyç
Å¢Á’-J-é¬ûÓ Åù’ ä°æpçü¿ç èπ◊ü¿’-®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-
èπ◊ç-öçC. ´’†èπ◊ ´·êuçí¬ é¬´-©-Æœ†–
Nü¿’u-îªa ¥-éÀhE ÅC-Ææ’hçC.)
Visisht: It's not as simple as all that, friend. It's
all very complicated. I doubt how
many politicians that voted on the
confidence motion know thoroughly
about it.
(Åçûª Ææ’©-¶µº-¢Á’i† N≠æ-ߪ’-¢Ë’O’ é¬ü¿C.
ÅÆæ©’ ¢Á·†o N¨»y-Ææ-B-®√t-†ç™ ãõ‰-Æœ†
®√ï-éÃ-ߪ’-¢√-ü¿’™x áçûª ´’çCéÀ ü∆E
í∫’Jç* èπ~◊ùoçí¬ ûÁ©’-Ææ-ØËC Ø√éπ-†’-´÷-
†¢Ë’.)
Q. 1. Elect, Select Å®Ωnç, Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
2. grace or god's grace? àC éπÈ®èπ◊d?
3. turnkey Å®Ωnç Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
4. Benchmark Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ? ᙫ -¢√-ú≈L?
5. Earmark †’ ᙫ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-´îª’a?
6. Grams èπ◊ ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç í∫’Jç* N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
7. Abbreviation for telegram Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
8. Bindover Å®Ωnç, Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
9. Boost Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
10. éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ Åçö«®Ω’?
a) †’´¤y ´≤ƒh-†çõ‰ ØË ´ü¿lç-ö«Ø√?
b) †’´¤y ´≤ƒh-†çõ‰ ؈’ ´ü¿lç-ö«†’.
expressions Ñ lesson ™ îª÷ü∆lç.
Å®·ûË Ñ≤ƒJ expressions are of a
slightly higher level. ÉC èπÿú≈ prac-
tise îËü∆lç, ´’† daily language ™
¶µ«í∫ç îËÆæ’-èπ◊çü∆ç.
Look at the following expres-
sions from the dialogue above
1) The whole city was plunged into darkness
2) It doesn't fit in with ...
3) The whole nation is crying out for more power.
3) Cry out for = î√™« Å´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’i-†-ü∆-E-éÓÆæç Ç®√-ô-
4) It had written off the support of some of the
parties.
5) I did expect the govt to sail through
6) Let's wind up our discussion here.
1) Plunge (Past tense & PP: Plunged): °æúÕ-§Ú-
´úøç/ ü¿÷éπúøç/ ´·†-í∫úøç/ ´·çîªúøç
a) He climbed up the tower and plunged to his
death = Tower O’C-ÈééÀ\ °æúÕ-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’ î√´¤
éπL-Í홫. (Tower O’C-ÈééÀ\ °æúÕ îªE-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’– DEéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*çüË, crying need = î√™« Å´-Ææ-®Ω-
v°æ´÷-ü¿-´-¨»ûª’h 鬴a/ Çûªt-£æ«û√u 鬴a)
c) ؈’ ´≤ƒh-†çõ‰ †’´¤y ´ü¿lç-ö«¢√?
d) ؈’ ´≤ƒh-†çõ‰ †’´¤y ´ü¿lç-ö«´¤.
- A Sridhar, Oripenta
A.
1) Elect = ᆒo-éÓ-´úøç. They elected him
President = ÅûªúÕE Åüµ¿u-èπ~◊-úÕí¬ á†’o-èπ◊-
Ø√o®Ω’ ¢√∞¡Ÿx. †©’-í∫’-È®j-ü¿’-í∫’®Ω’ éπLÆœ ã Ŷµºu-
JnE ᆒo-éÓ-´úøç.
Select = áç-éÓ-´úøç/ áç°œéπ îËÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç.
He selected this shirt from among the ten
shirts there= shirts
Åéπ\-úø’†o 10 ™ Åûªúø’ Ñ
shirt †’ áç-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’/ áç°œéπ îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.
(ÉC äéπ\Í® îËßÁ·îª’a/ áèπ◊\´ ´’çD îËßÁ·îª’a)
É≠æd-°æ-úø-ô-´’E èπÿú≈ Å®Ωnç.
2) God's grace. correct
3) Turnkey= ¢ÁçôØË ¢√úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ O©’í¬ ûªßª÷-®Ω’-îËÆœ
É´yúøç.
©’-éÓ-™‰-†çûª °ü¿l ¢Á·ûªhç
d) I've written off our lead-
ers and parties as good
for nothing =
´’† Ø√ߪ’-
2) Fit in with: ÆæJ-§Ú-´úøç/ Suit èπ◊©’, §ƒKd©’ üËEéà °æE-éÀ-®√-
鬴úøç/ É´’-úøôç ®ΩE ؈’ Ǩ¡ ´ü¿’-©’-èπ◊Ø√o.
5) To sail through = í∫çúøç í∫úÕ* í∫õ„d-éπ\úøç.
a) In the beginning he found it diffi-
a) The UPA has sailed through the confidence
cult to fit in with the people work-
vote = UPA
ing here =
v°æ¶µº’ûªyç í∫çúøç í∫úÕ* í∫õ„d-éÀ\çC.
¢Á·ü¿öx Ééπ\úø °æE-îË-Ææ’h-†o-
b) The team sailed through to a win =
¢√-∞¡xûÓ Ææ®Ω’l-éÓ-™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’. Èí©’-°æ¤èπ◊
b) Your arrangements do not fit in
Ç ïô’d í∫çúøç í∫úÕ* í∫õ„d-éÀ\çC.
M.SURESAN c) No one expected him to sail through to suc-
with your plans = F à®√pô’x F cess in the exam =
°æK-éπ~™ í∫çúøç í∫úÕ* Åûªúø’
°æü∑¿éπç v°æ鬮Ωç ™‰´¤. ØÁí∫’_-û√-úøE á´®Ω÷ ņ’-éÓ-™‰ü¿’.
c) Where do I fit in here? You are all doctors
6) Wind up - wound up (PT & PP) = ´·Tç-îªúøç
and I am an engineer = ØËE-éπ\úø ᙫ É´’-úø-
û√†’? O’®Ωç-ü¿®Ω÷ doctors; ؈’ engineer †’. a) The leader wound up his speech with an
appeal to the students to serve the society
= Nü∆u-®Ω’n-©†’ Ææ´÷-ï-ÊÆ´ îËߪ÷-Lqç-Cí¬ éÓ®Ω’ûª÷,
°æ-úøôç/ éÓ®Ω’-éÓ-´úøç. Çߪ’† ûª† Ö°æ-Ø√u-≤ƒEo ´·Tç-î√úø’.
a) Having lost its parents the child is crying
b) Let's wind up the show = Ñ v°æü¿-®Ωz††’
out for parental love= ûªLx-ü¿ç-vúø’-©†’ §ÚíÌ-ô’d-
Éçûª-öÀûÓ ´·Tü∆lç.
èπ◊†o Ç Gúøf ûªLx-ü¿ç-vúø’© vÊ°´’éÓÆæç Ç®√-ô-°æ-úø’- c) Because
of losses they have decided to
ûÓçC. wind up their business = †≥ƒd-©-´©x ¢√u§ƒ-®√Eo
b) The country is crying out for a corruption
free government = ü˨¡ç ÅN-FA ™‰E v°æ¶µº’ûªyç
´‚ÊÆ-ߪ÷-©E E®Ωg-®·ç--èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’ ¢√∞¡Ÿx.
éÓÆæç Ç®√-ô-°æ-úÕ-§Ú-ûÓçC.
¢Á’i† N≠æߪ’ç.
The company executes projects on a turn 6) American spelling of Gramme.
key basis = v§ƒñ„-èπ◊d-©†’ ¢√úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Æœü¿l¥çí¬ 7) Abbreviation for telegram - Company
éÌEo
ÖçúË™« ûªßª÷-®Ω’-îËÆœ ÉÆæ’hçC Ç éπç°F. telegram
©’ ûª´’èπ◊ ûªèπ◊\´ üµ¿®ΩûÓ °æçÊ°ç-ü¿’-éÀîËa
4) Benchmark = Ø√ùuû√ v°æ´÷ùç. telegraphic address
Ê°®Ω’. ÉC ®√ÊÆh ™
Sachin's play is the benchmark against with ´÷ô©’ ûªT_ §Òü¿’°æ¤ Å´¤ûª’çC.
other players can be judged = Éûª®Ω véÃú≈-é¬-®Ω’© 8) Bindover = (ØË®√-©èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cµç*) àüÁjØ√, à v°æüË-
Sachin
≤ƒ´’-®√n uEo éÌL-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ †’ v°æ´÷-ùçí¬ ¨¡ç-™-ØÁjØ√ ïJÍí ØË®√-©èπÿ, äéπ-J°j ïJÍí ᙫçöÀ
BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’. üˆ®Ω-bØ√u-EéÃ, á´-J-ØÁjØ√ ¶«üµ¿’u-©’í¬ îËߪ’úøç. ÉC
5) Earmark - 1) Íéö«-®·ç-îªúøç. (usually passive) Police ©’ Ø訽 îªJvûª Ö†o-¢√-∞¡x†’ éπôdúÕ îËÊÆ
50% of the seats are earmarked for back- Nüµ¿ç.
ward classes = seat
50 ¨»ûªç ©’ ¢Á†’-éπ-•-úÕ† 9) Boost = v§Úû√q£æ«ç, ´’ü¿lûª’ É´yúøç.
´®√_-©èπ◊ Íéö«®·çî√®Ω’. 10. a) If you wish to come you're welcome.
2) äéπ °æEéÀ/ ÖüËl-¨»-EéÀ üËE-ØÁjØ√, á´JØÁjØ√ ņ’-éÓ- b) I am against your coming/ if you want to
´úøç/ í∫’Jhç-îªúøç. come, I will say no.
Rahul Gandhi is earmarked as the future PM c) If I want to come, Will you say no?
of India = ¶µ«N v°æüµ∆-Eí¬ ®√£æ›-™¸-í¬çDµ í∫’Jhç-îª- d) If I want to come, you will say no.
•-úø’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’/ ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 29 -V-™„j 2008
Q. 1. ' Åûª-úÕE Ø√èπ◊ °æJ-îªßª’ç îÁߪ’u¢√?—— – DEE
ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
2. "How do you do?" ņo-°æ¤púø’ ´’†ç AJT
ÅüË ¢√éπuç îÁ°æpúøç Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ᙫ Å´¤-
ûª’çC?
3. Of course †’ àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√úø-û√®Ω’?
4. ' F éÓÆæç áEo É•sç-ü¿’-™„-ü¿’-®Ì\-Ø√oØÓ Fèπ◊ ûÁL-
ߪ’ü¿’?——– DEE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
5. Å¢√-®Ω’fèπ◊, J¢√-®Ω’fèπ◊ ´’üµ¿u ûËú≈ àN’öÀ?
6. ' ØËEçûË— ņ-ú≈-EéÀ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’-Ø√L?
7. ' ¢Áüµ¿´ (îÁûªh) Ææ©-£æ…-L-´yèπ◊— – DEE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™
à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
- Dr.Ramesh, J.Krishna, Rajapuram
A.
1) Won't you/ wouldn't you/ why don't you/
introduce him to me?/ How about intro-
ducing him to me?
2) "How do you do?"
†’ v°æ¨¡o ®Ω÷°æç™ Ö†o
Ææ´÷-üµ∆-†çí¬ BÆæ’-éÓ-¢√L. ÅC English ¢√∞¡x
Ææçv°æü∆ߪ’ç.
3) éπ*a-ûªçí¬/ ÅçûË-éπü∆/ ÅC ¢ËÍ® îÁ§ƒp™«? Ñ
Å®√n™‰ é¬èπ◊çú≈ ´’®√u-ü¿-éπ-®Ωçí¬ Å†’-´’A É´y-ú≈-
EéÀ èπÿú≈ ¢√úøû√ç.
Q. 1. Who knows the answer?
(Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç
á´-JéÀ ûÁ©’Ææ’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ) ûª°æ¤p-éπü∆?
-O’®Ω-™« -¢√-ú≈®Ω’. Ééπ\úø whom •ü¿’©’ who
Öçú≈-L-éπü∆?
2. What brings you here? ÅØ√o®Ω’. Ñ ¢√éπuç
simple present ™ ÖçC éπü∆. You ûÓ
verb èπ◊ s îË®Ω-ü¿’-éπü∆, ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈ question
form ûÓ do/ does ¢√ú≈-L-éπü∆?
3. ' à £æ«Ùô-™¸™ Öçö«®· °æ‹K©’?—— DEE
ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ îÁ§ƒpL? DE™ sub, verb,
object àN’öÀ? ¢√öÀE ᙫ Å´’-®√aL?
4. Gold Rush Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? ÉC ¢√úø’-éπ™
Öçü∆?
5. Certainly, O.K., Of course.. OöÀ-´’üµ¿u ûËú≈
àN’öÀ?
6. O’®Ω’ "She went/ left for the U.S. last
week ÅØ√o®Ω’. Left Åçõ‰ ´ü¿-©úøç éπü∆.
´uA-Í®éπ Å®Ωnç ®√ü∆?
- B.Viveka Satyanandam, Korukonda
A. 1) ûÁ©’-í∫’™ 'á´-JéÀ— ÅE ¢√úÕ-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, English
™ know èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’úøç ÅE îÁÊ°pç-ü¿’èπ◊ I/
we/ you/ he/ she/ it/ they/ who ÅØË
Åçö«ç, me/ us/ him/ her/ them/ whom
®√ü¿’.
2) Simple present ™ he/ she/ it èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’
verb èπ◊ 's' or 'es' îË®Ω’≤ƒhç. What/ who ûÓ
éÌEo Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x question èπ◊ do/ does ®√ü¿’,
´·êuçí¬ 'who' ûÓ.
Who does know/ who does like ™«çöÀ
question forms ™‰´¤.
3) Where/ In which restaurant do we get
puris?
we - subject, do get (=get)- verb.
4) áéπ\-úÁjØ√ •çí¬®Ωç ÖçC ÅE ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊E
í∫’ç°æ¤©’ í∫’ç°æ¤-©’í¬ v°æï-©-éπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á∞¡xúøç.
5) Certainly= of course= éπ*a-ûªçí¬/ correct.
OK = ÆæÍ®™‰/ all right.
6) Left ÅØËC leave èπ◊ past tense. Leave
Åçõ‰ ´C-™‰-ߪ’-úø-´’ØË Å®Ωn¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, äéπ
v°æü˨¡ç ´C-L-¢Á-∞¡xúøç (= •ßª’-©’-üË-®Ωúøç/ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-
´úøç) ÅØË Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC.
The train leaves Vijayawada at 7 =
àúÕç-öÀéÀ Ç train Vijayawada ´ü¿’-©’-ûª’çC.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
'Can I have your pen?'
'of course you can' (ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈).
Éçé¬ 'ÅC ûÁ©’-Ææ÷hØË ÖçC éπü∆?— ÅØË Å®Ωnç
èπÿú≈ ´Ææ’hçC.
'Did India lose in the finals?'
(ÉçúÕߪ÷ finals ™ ãúÕ-§Ú-®·çü∆?)—
'of course, it did' ( ÅçûË-í¬éπ ´’Í®-´·çC)
4) You don't know how much trouble I faced
for your sake.
5) Award-
äéπJ ÊÆ´-©èπ◊, íÌ°æp-ûª-Ø√-EéÀ, v°æA-¶µºèπ◊
ÉîËa •£æ›-´’A, G®Ω’ü¿’, Ææû√\®Ωç.
Award- ´÷´‚-©’í¬ éÌçûª-é¬-©çí¬ äéπJ éπ%≠œ/
v°æA¶µºèπ◊ í∫’Jhç°æ¤.
Reward- äéπ EKgûª¢Á’i† °æEéÀ ÉîËa •£æ›-´’A.
a) Reward for good behaviour (´’ç* †úø-´-
úÕéÀ °æ¤®Ω-≤ƒ\®Ωç)
b) The father rewarded the son for his
good score in the exam (°æK-éπ~™ ´’ç*
´÷®Ω’\-©èπ◊ •£æ›-´’A)
reward.
éπ%≠œ, v¨¡´’èπ◊ v°æA-°∂æ©ç èπÿú≈
6) I am what I am/ That's what I am.
7) Don't give stupid/ useless advice.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
482
a car can be a white elephant
Q. -Ñ °æü∆-©èπ◊ Å®√n-©†’ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ ûÁ©’-°æí∫-©®Ω’.
1. On the other hand. 2. At the risk of
3. Quondam friend 4. Read between the
lines. 5. Red letter day. 6. To and fro.
7. White elephant. 8. Wear and tear.
9. While away. 10. Go to the wall.
- A. Penchalaiah, Rajampeta
A. 1) On the other hand= ÉC on the one hand
..., on the other hand ÅØË phrase ™ ¶µ«í∫ç.
°æ®Ω-Ææp®Ωç Gµ†oçí¬, ´·êuçí¬ ´uA-Í®-éπçí¬ Ö†o
¶µ«¢√-©†’ ûÁ©-§ƒ-©-†’-èπ◊-†o-°æ¤púø’ Ñ phrase
¢√úøû√ç. Å®Ωnç: äéπ-¢Áj-Ê°¢Á÷... ÉçéÓ-¢Áj-Ê°¢Á÷...
a) On the one hand he wants to see the
film actor, but on the other he doesn't
want to miss the class= Åûª-úÕéÀ äéπ-¢Áj-Ê°¢Á÷
class
Ç †ô’úÕo îª÷ú≈-©E ÖçC, ´’®Ó-¢Áj°æ¤
§ÚíÌ-ô’d-éÓ-´úøç É≠ædç-™‰ü¿’.
b) On the one hand she knows she can't
go alone, but on the other (hand) she is
unwilling to ask for other's help=
(äéπ-¢Áj-
Ê°¢Á÷) ûªØË¢Á÷ äçô-Jí¬ ¢Á∞¡x-™‰ü¿’. ´’®Ó-¢Áj°æ¤
Éûª-®Ω’© ≤ƒßª’ç Åúø-í∫úøç ûª†-éÀ-≠dçæ -™‰ü¿’.
2) At the risk of= Åçûª v°æ´÷-ü¿-¢Á’i-†-°æp-öÀéÃ/ î√™«
v°æ´÷-ü∆-EéÀ Æœü¿l¥-°æúÕ – (´·êuçí¬ ´’† ûÁL-N-™‰-E-
ûª†ç •ßª’-ô-°æúË v°æ´÷ü¿ç/ Éûª-®Ωxèπ◊ éÓ°æç éπL-
TçîË Nüµ¿çí¬)
a) At the risk of angering my father, I took
my girl friend to a movie=
Q. 1. Demise, Die, Expire, Pass away ... OöÀ
´’üµ¿u ûËú≈ àN’öÀ?
2. Dismissal, removal, retrench OöÀ Å®√n-
©†’ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
- N.Pentaiah, Ghatkeswar
A. 1. Demise- äéπ Å®Ωnç– äéπ ÆæçÆæn/ ´u´Ææn/
company/ °æü∑¿éπç. OöÀ Åçûªç ™‰ü∆ N°∂æ©ç
ÅE. ´’®Ωùç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ îªôd-°æ-J-¶µ«-≠æ™,
ví¬çC∑-éπçí¬ í¬F, £æ…≤ƒu-EéÀ í¬F ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úø-
û√®Ω’. ´÷´‚©’ spoken/ written English
™ ¢√úø®Ω’.
Die- îªE-§Ú-´úøç- Indian English ™ ´’®Ωùç
ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ÉC ¢√úøôç î√™«-´’çC ûª°æ¤pí¬
Q. 1. Either - or, Neither - nor, though - but, not
only but also í∫’-Jç-* N´-Jçîªí∫©®Ω’.
2.
-Ñ -¢√é¬u-©-†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ ®√ߪ÷™ ûÁ©’-°æ-
í∫-©®Ω’. á) ´®Ω-ü¿©’ H¶µº-û√qEo Ææ%≠œd-Ææ’h-Ø√o®·.
G) †≠æd-§Ú-®·†¢√JéÀ Æ‘áç °æé¬\ É∞¡Ÿx éπöÀd-≤ƒh-
´’E £æ…O’ Éî√a®Ω’. Æœ) Ç °æúø´ FöÀ™ ´·E-
T-§Ú-®·çC. -úÕ) v°æ¶µº’ûªyç É*a† £æ…O’-©†’ ØÁ®Ω-
¢Ë-®Ωa-™‰-éπ-§Ú-®·çC. -É) ¢√ߪ·-í∫’çúøç Å©p- °‘-úø-
2. a) The floods are causing havoc.
†çí¬ ´÷Í® Å´-é¬-¨¡ç ÖçC.
- Lakshmana Rao, Jangareddygudem
A. 1. Either-or- ÅüÁjØ√/ÉüÁjØ√ (È®çúÕç-öÀ™/ Éü¿l-J™)
Either Guntur or Vijayawada will be the
venue of meeting = í∫’çô÷-®Ω’-í¬F, Nï-ߪ’-¢√-úø-
í¬F Ç Æ涵ºèπ◊ ¢ËC-éπí¬ Öçô’çC.
Neither - nor (È®çúÕç-öÀ™  àD-™‰ü¿’)
I like neither idly nor puri= Ø√èπ◊ ÉúŒx É≠æd癉ü¿’,
°æ‹K É≠ædç-™‰ü¿’.
´÷ Ø√†oèπ◊ éÓ°æç éπL-TçîË
v°æ´÷-ü∆-EéÀ Æœü¿l¥-°æúÕ Ø√
girl friend †’ ÆœE-´÷èπ◊
BÆæ’-Èé∞«x.
b) The government
wants to sign the
nuclear pact even at
M.SURESAN the risk of our indepen-
dence = ´’† ≤ƒyûªç-
vû√uEo éÓ™pßË’ v°æ´÷-ü∆-EéÀ èπÿú≈ Æœü¿l¥-°æúÕ, ´’†
v°æ¶µº’ûªyç Å¢Á’-J-é¬ûÓ Åù’ ä°æpçü¿ç èπ◊ü¿’-®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√-
©-†’-èπ◊ç-öçC.
3) Quondam friend= §ƒûª-é¬-©°æ¤ ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’úø’. ÉC
î√™« ví¬çC∑éπç/ §ƒçúÕûªuç. Quondam •ü¿’©’,
one-time ¢√úøôç ¢Á’®Ω’í∫’.
4) Read between the lines= find out a mean-
ing not directly stated- °jéÀ éπE-°œç-îªE Å®Ωnç
(äéπ ®Ωîª-†™)
Reading between the lines, I am sure she
wants a share in the property =
Ç¢Á’ îÁÊ°p-ü∆-EéÀ
°jéÀ ûÁL-ߪ’E Å®Ωnç, ûª†èπ◊ ÇÆœh™ ¢√ö« 鬢√-©E.
5) Red letter day- A very important day/ A day
that we can't forget easily.
Aug 15 is a red letter day in the history of
India.
6) To and fro = to and from = Åô’ Éô’
a) In his worry he was walking to and fro in
the room =
Å´’-®√u-ü¿-éπ-®Ωçí¬ ¶µ«Nç*, demise/ expire ÅE
¢√úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’. ÅC ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. Die Å´’-®√uü¿éπ®Ω-
¢Á’i† °æü¿ç-é¬ü¿’; Ææ£æ«-ï-¢Á’i† ¶µ«≠æ™ ¶µ«í∫ç.
Demise/ expire, die éÀ •ü¿’©’ ¢√úøôç–
2) Dismiss- ûÌ©-Tç-îªúøç. ÉC ´·êuçí¬, °æü¿-N™/
´÷´‚©’ spoken/ written English ™ îµ√çü¿-
Ææçí¬, ví¬çC∑-éπçí¬ Öçô’çC.
Expire: üËE-ÈéjØ√ 鬩ç îÁ©xúøç. äéπ °ævû√-EéÀ/
ä°æpç-ü∆-EéÀ/ °æü¿-NéÀ 鬩ç ü∆öÀ-§Ú®· ÅC
à´÷vûªç Å´’™x ™‰éπ-§Ú-´úøç. ´’çü¿’© N≠æ-ߪ’ç™
èπÿú≈ äéπ EKgûª 鬩ç ûª®√yûª ¢√úø-EN date
expired Å´¤-û√®·. Expire èπ◊ î√´¤ ÅØË Å®Ωnç
ÖçC, Å®·ûË ÉC î√™« ví¬çC∑éπç– spoken
English ™ §ƒçúÕûªuç Å´¤-ûª’çC.
2
Though= but =
Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, Å®·ûË.
Though he is rich he does not spend much =
He is
Åûªúø’ üµ¿E-èπ◊úÁj†°æp-öÀéà áèπ◊\´ ê®Ω’a-°-ôdúø’ =
rich but he doesn't spend much = Åûªúø’ üµ¿E-
èπ◊úø’ é¬F áèπ◊\´ ê®Ω’a °ôdúø’.
Not only but also = ÅüËí¬éπ ÉC èπÿú≈.
He is not only handsome but also clever =
Åûªúø’ Åçü¿-í¬úË é¬èπ◊çú≈ ûÁL-N-í∫-©-¢√úø’ èπÿú≈.
b) The CM has assured those affected/ the
victims that proper houses would be built
for them.
c) The boat sank.
d) The government hasn't been able to keep
its promises.
e) The cyclonic wind is likely to turn into a
depression.
ÇçüÓ-∞¡-†ûÓ í∫C™ Åô’ Éô’ A®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’.
b) You will be paid I class to and fro
charges =
È®çúø’-¢Áj-°æ¤™« I class charges Fèπ◊ îÁLx-≤ƒh®Ω’.
7) White elephant= a very expensive thing=
î√™« êK-üÁj† ´Ææ’h´¤/ N≠æߪ’ç.
In these days of spiralling oil prices, a car
can be a white elephant= °vö™¸ üµ¿®Ω©’ N°æ-K-
car
ûªçí¬ Â°®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’†o Ñ ®ÓV™x, ¢√úøôç î√™«
ê®Ωa-®·† N≠æߪ’ç.
8) Wear and tear= Å®Ω’-í∫ ’-ü¿© (´Ææ ’h-´¤©’,
´·êuçí¬ ¢√£æ«-Ø√-™«xçöÀN)
The cost of a thing goes as decreasing
because of a wear and tear = Å®Ω’-í∫’-ü¿-©-´©x
´Ææ’h´¤ üµ¿®Ω ûªT_-§Úûª÷ Öçô’çC.
9) While away = 鬩çí∫úÕ-Ê°-ߪ’úøç °æF-§ƒ-ö«-™‰-èπ◊çú≈.
While he is very busy, his brother whiles
away time watching the TV= Åûªúø’ BJ-éπ-™‰-
TV
èπ◊çú≈ Öçõ‰, ÅûªúÕ ûª´·túø’ îª÷Ææ÷h 鬩ç
í∫úÕ-Ê°-Ææ’hç-ö«úø’.
10) Go to the wall= ã company/ ÆæçÆæn Eüµ¿’©
éÌ®Ω-ûª-´©x †≠æd-§Ú-´úøç/ N°∂æ-©-´’-´úøç, ¢√u§ƒ®Ωç
îËߪ’-™‰-éπ-§Ú-´úøç.
The company went to the wall because of
mismanagement of funds=
Eüµ¿’© ߪ’ï-´÷-
company
†uç™ ™§ƒ-©-´©x †≠æd-§Ú-®·çC/
´‚ÊÆ-ߪ÷-Lq†/ Cèπ◊\-ûÓ-îªE °æJ-ÆœnA à®Ωp-úÕçC.
Pass away- îªE-§Ú-´úøç– Die ÅØË ´÷ô
¢√úøôç É≠ædç-™‰-éπ-§ÚûË ÉC ¢√úÌa. ÉC conver-
sational. Ææ’©-¶µºçí¬ Å®Ωn´’ßË’u ´÷ô èπÿú≈.
ÖüÓu-í∫ç™ Ö†o-¢√-JE PéÀ~ç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ûÌ©-Tç-îªúøç.
Remove èπÿú≈ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ ÉçûË. °æü¿N/ ÖüÓuí∫ç
†’ç* ûÌ©-Tç-îªúøç, Péπ~í¬/ v°æB-é¬-®Ωçí¬.
Retrench éÀ ÅÆæ-©®Ωnç– v°æ¶µº’ûªyç/ company
ê®Ω’a ûªT_ç--éÓ-´-ú≈-E-éÀ-í¬F, §Òü¿’-°æ¤-éÓ-Ææç-í¬F ÖüÓu-
í∫’-©†’ BÊÆ-ߪ’úøç retrench. ÉC Péπ~/ v°æB-
鬮Ωçé¬ü¿’.
í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 31 -V-™„j 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Åûª-úø’ -Å®Ω-í∫ç-ôí¬ cricket Çúø’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’ (É°æ¤p-

úÕçé¬ Çúø’-ûª÷ØË ÖØ√oúø’) ÅØË Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC.
Present Perfect - Å°æpöÀ†’ç* É°æpöÀ´®Ωèπ◊.
Present Perfect Continuous - Å°æpöÀ†’ç*
Éçé¬. Å®·ûË Ñ ûËú≈ Åçûªí¬ §ƒöÀç-îª-†-éπ\®Ω™‰ü¿’.
R.M.V.N. Ramakantha Rao, Visakhapatnam áçü¿’-éπçõ‰ I have been waiting for you for the
Q. È®Ø˛ Åçú˛ ´÷JdØ˛ ¢√uéπ-®Ωù °æ¤Ææh-éπç™ véÀߪ’†’ past one hour. (Present Per. Cont) ÅØË sen-
Present Perfect Tense -™ àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x tence BÆæ’èπ◊çü∆ç. Ñ sentence, wait îËÆæ’h-†o-
¢√ú≈™ îªJaÆæ÷h: "To denote an action begin- ¢√∞¡Ÿx, á´-J-éÓÆæç wait îËÆæ’h-Ø√o®Ó, ¢√∞¡xûÓ, ¢√∞¡Ÿx-´-*a-
ning at some time in the past and continuing †-°æ¤púË Å†-í∫-©®Ω’ éπü∆? ¢√∞¡Ÿx ´îËa-Æœ† ûª®√yûª wait-
up to the present moment" ÅE ÖçC. ´’Sx ing Å®·-§Ú-®·-†õ‰x éπü∆? Åçõ‰ Ééπ\úø Present
Present Perfect Continuous Tense í∫’Jç* Perfect Continuous Tense †’ Éçûª-´-®Ωèπÿ ïJ-T† Q. Æœü∆l¥ç-ûª-°æ-®Ωçí¬ 'shall' First persons ™ futurity I/ we shall be late •ü¿’©’, I/ we will be happy/
èπÿú≈ Å™«Íí ®√Ææ’çC. "The Present Perfect °æEÍéí¬F, Éçé¬ continue Å´¤-ûª’†o action èπ◊ E, second and third person ™ compulsion late ÅØË ÅØË-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’.
continuous is used for an action which began ¢√úøôç ™‰ü¿’ éπü∆? (command, promise, threat) E Ææ÷*-Ææ’hçC. British English ™ èπÿú≈ shall ¢√úøéπç I and
at some time in the past and is still continu- DEo•öÀd, ´’†èπ◊ ûÁL-ÊÆC: Present Perfect èπÿ, Å™«Íí 'will' First Persons ™ certainty E, sec- we ûÓ questions èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’, ÅD offers/ sug-
ing". confusion
ÉC é¬Ææh èπ◊ í∫’-JîËÆæ’hçC. N´-Jç- Present Perfect Continuous Tense èπÿ -ûË-ú≈ ond and third person ™ futurity E Ææ÷*-Ææ’hçC gestions èπ◊ ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’, Shall I make you
îª-í∫-©®Ω’. Åçûªí¬ ™‰ü¿E. Å®·ûË continuity E áèπ◊\´ stress éπü∆. é¬F v°æÆæ’hûªç Ñ û√®Ω-ûª-´÷u©’ ™‰èπ◊ç-ú≈ØË some coffee/ shall we start? ™™«.
A. Present Perfect Tense talks of an action con- îËߪ÷-Lq-†-°æ¤úø’ Pr. per. cont. tense better. shall †’ will †’ indiscriminate í¬ ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. ÉC ÆæÈ®j-†ü∆ é¬ü∆ ÅØË N≠æߪ’ç Educated peo-
tinuing up to the present moment, where as °jí¬ shall î√™« Å®Ω’ü¿’í¬ éπE-°œ-≤ÚhçC. ÆæÈ®j-†-üËØ√? ple with English as mother tongue ᙫ ´÷ö«x-
Present Perfect Continuous denotes an A. Modern English usage ™ shall èπÿ, will èπÿ úø-û√-®ΩØËü∆Eo •öÀd Öçô’çC éπü∆? Å™«çöÀ¢√∞¡x
action starting in the past and continuing ûËú≈ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ Åçûª-Jç-*-§Ú-®·çC. American ¢√úø’éπ v°æßÁ÷-í¬™‰ standard Å´¤-û√®·. Usage is
even now. English ™ shall ü∆ü∆°æ¤ ¢√úøôç ™‰ü¿’. I and we more powerful than grammar or dictionary

-
He has played cricket for half an hour now
cricket
Å®Ω-í∫ç-ôí¬ Çú≈úø’– É°æpöÀ´®Ωèπ◊. Éçé¬ -Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 483 ûÓ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ shall ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’, ÅC èπÿú≈ -î√-™«
ví¬ç-C∑éπç ņ’-èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’. we/ I shall be happy,
ÅØË Ææ÷éÀh ÖçúøØË ÖçC éπü∆. Native speakers
¢√úË expressions éÌçûª-é¬-™«-EéÀ dictionary/
Çúø’-ûª’-Ø√oú≈/ ÇÊ°-¨»ú≈ ÅØËC Ñ grammar ™ accept Å´¤-ûª’ç-ö«®·.
tense clear í¬ ûÁ-©’°æü¿’. ÅC ´’†ç ÆæÈ®jçüË ÅE accept îËߪ÷-

He has been playing cricket ..

ÅüË Present Perfect LqçüË. ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈ Åçü¿’-´©x lan-
Continuous Å®·ûË (He has been guage simplify Å´¤-ûÓçC. ÅC
playing cricket for the past half ´’ç*üË.
an hour)

U. Ajay Kumar, Adilabad Q. Thingumabob = anonymous?

Q. Nom de plume = Agnomen = cognomen =
soubriquet ?
-Ñ °æü∆-©Fo Ææ´÷-Ø√-®Ωn-é¬-™‰Ø√?
A. äéπõ‰ = Nickname- ´÷®Ω’Ê°®Ω’ = ´’®Ó Ê°®Ω’.
English ™ nickname Åíı-®Ω´ Ææ÷îªéπçé¬ü¿’.
Q. Perdition, subversion, spiflication, havoc,
dilapidation, annihilation, devastation, exter-
mination, damnation, extirpation, desolation
äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
A. Perdition, damnation = §ƒ°æ¤©’, î√´¤ ûª®√yûª
§ÒçüË †®Ω-éπ-ߪ÷-ûª†. ¨»°æ-Ø√-®√n-©èπ◊ ¢√úË ´÷ô©’.
N’í∫û√´÷ô-©Fo Ø√¨¡†ç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ synonyms.
Q. Picnic, junket, jaunt, outing, fete champetre=
´†-¶µ-ï† ßª÷vûª. éπÈ®-ÍédØ√?
A. Picnic= outing = fete champetre =
¶µï†
- Fete champetre- French
N£æ…-®Ω-ߪ÷vûª ´÷ô–
English ™ Å®Ω’ü¿’.
Junket = Ææ®Ωü∆ߪ÷vûª, ´·êuçí¬ v°æñ«-üµ¿-†çûÓ.
(´’† ´’çvûª’©’ v°æ¶µº’ûªy ê®Ω’aûÓ NüË-¨»©’ AJ-T-
®√-´-úøç ™«çöÀC)
Jaunt = Ææ®Ωü∆ v°æߪ÷ùç
Q. Journey = peregrination = travel äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
A. Journey = Travel = Peregrination (§ƒçúÕûªuç)
Q. Rialto= Market= Bazar É´Fo äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
A. äéπõ‰.
Q. Thorough fare = main road. éπÈ®Íé-dØ√?
A. Correct.
Tramp= ¢Ë¨¡u, Å®·ûË î√-™« Juggler= 4, 5 ´Ææ’h-´¤-©†’ (•çûª’-™«xçöÀ ¢√öÀE)
A. Anonymous= Ê°®Ω’ -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-E/ -Å-ñ«c-ûª/ -Ææç-ûªéπç Å®Ω’ü¿’. í¬™x-Èé-í∫-ͮƜ àD éÀçü¿-°æ-úø-èπ◊çú≈ °æô’d-éÌ-ØË-¢√∞¡Ÿx =
(letters ™«çöÀN). Thingamabob = Ææ´’-ߪ÷- Prestidigitator= Necromancer= îªE-§Ú-®·-†-
Adulteress=
™‰E ¶µº®Ωh-
EéÀ ÆæJí¬ í∫’®Ω’h®√E ´Ææ’h-´¤/ -´uéÀhéÀ ¢√úË ´÷ô. ¢√J Çûªt-©ûÓ Ææ綵«-≠œç-îª-í∫© ¨¡èπ◊h-©’-†o-¢√∞¡Ÿx.
Q. Funeral song = cremation song = plaintive
é¬E¢√JûÓ Ææç•çüµ¿ç Ö†o
Æ‘Y Sorcerer = ¶µº÷ûª vÊ°ûª °œ¨»îª ¨¡èπ◊h-©-ûÓ à¢Á’iØ√
song = elegy = dirge = threnody?
Adulterer=
îË®·ç--éÓ-í∫-L-Íí-¢√∞¡Ÿx -Å-E.
A. Plaintive song =
¶µ«®Ωu-é¬E
N≥ƒü¿ Uûªç. Wizard = ´÷çvA-èπ◊-úø’/- éπ-E-éπô’d Nü¿u ûÁL-Æ œ-†-¢√∞¡Ÿx.
Elegy = M.SURESAN ¢√JûÓ Ææç•çüµ¿çéπ© °æ¤®Ω’-
îªE-§Ú-®·†¢√J ñ«c°æ-鬮Ωnç ®√ÊÆ éπNûªyç. ≠æflúø’. Å®·ûË à ®Ωçí∫ç™ Å®·Ø√ ØÁj°æ¤-ùuç-éπ-©-¢√-∞¡x†’
N’í∫-û√-´Fo äéπ\õ‰. Å®Ωnç– îª®Ω-´’-Uûªç. Pro= DEéÀ ¢Ë¨¡u ÅØË Å®Ωnç ™‰ü¿’. àü¿-®·Ø√ ¢√u°æ-
èπÿú≈ Ç ®Ωçí∫ Wizard Åçö«®Ω’. Sachin is a
Q. Repository, necropolis, crematorium, crema- batting/ cricket Wizard. The boy is a com-
é¬Eo ´%Ahí¬ éπ©-¢√∞¡Ÿx– professionals- DEéÀ
tory, cemetery, burial ground, grave yard. puter Wizard (Computer ™ E°æ¤-ù’úø’)
abbreviation 'Pro'. É°æ¤púø’ ≤ƒEߪ÷ O’®√b– Pro
Q.
Hai, Hi
A. Repository (ECµ)– N’í∫û√ ´÷ô-©ûÓ DEéÀ = Professional Tennis Player (Ç¢Á’ ´%Ah, ten-
Ñ È®çúÕç-öÀ™ àC éπÈ®èπ◊d?
A. Hi ÅØËC correct.
nis véÃúø.)
Ææç•çüµ¿ç ™‰ü¿’.
Crematorium = Crematory = (´’%ûª-üË-£æ…©) Q. Jeopardy, menace, peril, hazard, danger,
Q. Exorcist, warlock, conjurer, charmer, breakneck Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
enchanter, magician, juggler, necromancer,
ü¿£æ«-†-¨»© (¨¡t¨»†ç)
A. breakneck
Necropolis= burial ground = grave yard =
äéπõ‰. Å®·ûË †’ v°æ´÷-ü¿-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i†
sorcerer, wizard, prestidigitator èπ◊ Å®Ωnç äéπ- (breakneck speed)
cemetery
(´’%ûª-üË-£æ…-©†’) °æ‹úÕa-°õ‰dîÓô’ ¢Ëí¬-EéÀ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’. N’í∫û√
õ‰Ø√? ¢√öÀ ´’üµ¿u™ èπÿú≈ *†o *†o ûËú≈-©’-Ø√o®·.
(¨¡t¨»†ç) A. ÅFo Éçvü¿-ñ«-©ç/ -´÷-ߪ÷-ñ«©ç/ í¬®Ω-úŒéÀ Ææç•ç- Q. Hospital = infirmary = dispensary äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
Q. Moll, demirep, wench, drab, trollop, tramp, Cµç-*† ´÷ô™‰, Å®·ûË ûËú≈-©’-Ø√o®·. A. äéπõ‰ 鬴¤. Infirmary Åçõ‰ èπÿú≈ ÇÆæ’°æ-vûË,
havlot, pro, whore, floozy, strumpet, scarlet Exorcist = ÅB-ûª-¨¡-èπ◊h-©ûÓ ´’†’-≠æfl©èπ◊ °æõ‰d Å®·ûË àüÁjØ√ ã ÆæçÆæn™/ ã factory ™E -¢√-∞¡xèπ◊
woman, courtesan, adulteress, bawd, prosti- -ü¿ßª÷u-©†’ ´ü¿-©-íÌ--úø-û√-´’E îÁ°æ¤p-éÌ-ØË-¢√∞¡Ÿx. ¢Ájü¿uç îËÊÆ -ÇÆæ’°æ-vA (NúÕí¬ é¬èπ◊çú≈)– ÅC Ç
tute- Warlock = -îË-ûª-•-úÕ-™«ç-öÀ-N îËߪ’-í∫-©-¢√∞¡Ÿx -Å-E.
äéπ-õ‰Ø√? ÆæçÆæn™  ¶µ«í∫ç. Dispensary= -ÇÆæ’°æ-vA-™ 
A. Ñ éÀçC ¢√öÀéÀ ûª°æp N’í∫û√ ¢√öÀ-éÌÍé Å®Ωnç, ¢Ë¨¡u- Conjurer = àO’-™‰EîÓô ´Ææ’h-´¤-©-†’/- ´’-†’-≠æfl-©†’ ´’çü¿’©’ éπL°œ ÉîËa ¶µ«í∫ç.
©E. Drab †’ Ñ Å®ΩnçûÓ É°æ¤púø’ ¢√úøôç ™‰ü¿’. éπ†-°æ-úËô’d îËߪ’-í∫-©-¢√∞¡Ÿx. (ë«Sí¬ Ö†o îËA™ Q. Vade-mecurm= handbook= bibelot= leaflet
Wench= Çúø-¢√-∞¡xèπ◊ é¬Ææh Å´’-®√u-ü¿-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† ´÷ô.
úø•’s-™«ç-öÀN éπ†-°æ-úËô’x îËߪ’-í∫-©-¢√∞¡Ÿx). äéπ-õ‰Ø√?
Charmer = ´’çvûª-ñ«-©çûÓ Éûª-®Ω’-©†’ ûª´’-°æôx A. Vade-mecurm= bibelot= pocket book.
Courtesan = ¢Ë¨¡u, Å®·ûË §ƒûª-®Ó-V™x ®√V-©-
Çéπ-J{ç°æ-ñ‰-Ææ’-éÓ-í∫-©-¢√∞¡Ÿx/ Ææ¢Á÷t-£æ«-†-¨¡-éÀh-í∫-©-¢√∞¡Ÿx = Leaflet= folder= printed Ææ´÷-î √®Ω °ævûªç–
éÌ-©’-´¤™ üË´-ü∆-Æ‘-©-™«çöÀ¢√∞¡Ÿx. É°æpöÀ ¢Ë¨»u-´%-Ah™ Enchanter = -´÷-ç-vAéπ -¨¡-èπ◊h-©ûÓ Éûª-®Ω’-©†’ ´¨¡ç
Ö†o Æ‘Y©-éÀC ´Jhç-îªü¿’. ´’úø-ûª-°-öÀd† È®çúø’ ´‚úø’ Ê°@© Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç Ö†o
îËÆæ’éÓ-í∫-©-¢√∞¡Ÿx paper.

SK Abbas, Nellore A.Sridhar, Oripenta

Language CDs Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç BÆæ’-éÓ- 2) á°æ¤púø÷ Öû√q-£æ«çí¬, ÆæçûÓ- Q. layout Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? Q. Dark horse Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
Q. 鬙¸ ÂÆçô®˝, G.°œ.ä. Æœ•sç-CéÀ - ´úøç. 3) English speaking Q. Cost to cost sale Åçõ‰ ? ≠æçí¬ ÖçúË, jokes îËÆæ÷h. A. layout = É∞¡Ÿx, É∞¡x Ææn™«©, A. Dark horse = Åçü¿J Åçîª-Ø√-
¶«í¬ practise îËߪ’çúÕ. 4) Call A.
Q. Impact Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? roads †’ îª÷°œçîË plan
võ„iEçí˚ ÉîËa ¢√®·Æˇ wõ„j-†-®˝í¬, é̆o üµ¿®ΩÍé Ţ˒t-ߪ’úøç ™«¶µºç ©èπ◊ N®Ω’-ü¿l¥çí¬ á´®Ω÷ ņ’-éÓE
English Language Trainer í¬ centre training/ Accent train- A. Impact= v°æ¶µ«´ç, Q. Beehive Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
¢ËÆæ’-éÓ-èπ◊çú≈/ ûªßª÷®Ω’îËÆ œ† Nüµ¿çí¬ ã §ÚöÙ ÈíL-îË-¢√∞¡Ÿx/
career áç-éÓ¢√-©†’èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’. ing courses ê®Ω’aûÓ ™«¶µºç-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ Å´’túøç.
The impact of oil prices = A. Beehive = ûËØÁûª’-õ„d
(£j«ü¿-®√-¶«-ü˛™ 
Q. Up date Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
àüÁjØ√ §ÚöÙ á´®Ω÷ Ü£œ«ç-
Åçü¿’-èπ◊ 鬢√-Lq† Nü∆u-®Ω|-ûª©’, É™«çöÀ courses E®Ωy-£œ«çîË
A. Up date= Ñ éπ~ùç ´®Ωèπÿ ïJ-
·®Ω’ üµ¿®Ω© v°æ¶µ«´ç Q. Bump Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? îªE KA™ ÈíL-îË-¢√∞¡Ÿx/ ïô’d
éÓ®Ω’q© N´-®√©’ ûÁ©’°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. institutes
Q. Under dogs Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ?
î√™« ÖØ√o®·.) ™ Q. Punch dialogue
A. O’ Ǩ¡ßª’ç î√™« ´’ç*üË. O’®Ω’ T†/ Ö†o N≠æ-ߪ÷-©†’ Ææ´÷-î√- Åçõ‰ A. Bump = (áûª ’h°æ™«x© N≠æ-
A. Under dogs = ãôN’ §ƒ©-´¤-
îË®ΩçúÕ. Péπ~ù §Òçü¿çúÕ. ÉC
îËߪ÷-LqçC– 1) English & î√™« ´·êuç. áçûª O©’çõ‰ ®√Eo ´÷®Ω’p-©†’ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ- àN’öÀ? ߪ’ç™) áûª’hí¬ Ö†o v°æü˨¡ç/
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Hyderabad Diploma course
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Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm