Moroccan Arabic (Word)

Table of Contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 1
Learning Moroccan Arabic...................................................................................................... 1
Transcription of Moroccan Arabic..........................................................................................1
Getting Started with Moroccan Arabic.............................................................................................5
Greetings................................................................................................................................. 5
Independent Pronouns............................................................................................................ 7
Possessive Pronouns...............................................................................................................
Mascu!ine and "e#inine $ouns............................................................................................. %
&escribing 'ourse!f......................................................................................................................... 1(
$ationa!ities) *ities) and Marita! Status...............................................................................1(
The Possessive +ord ,d-a!.................................................................................................... 11
&e#onstrative Ad/ectives 0 &e#onstrative Pronouns.........................................................11
As2ing about Possession........................................................................................................ 15
3sefu! 45pressions.......................................................................................................................... 1
$u#era!s......................................................................................................................................... 61
*ardina! $u#bers................................................................................................................. 61
7rdina! $u#bers 8 "ractions................................................................................................ 67
Ti#e...................................................................................................................................... 6
Getting Started Shopping................................................................................................................ 11
Mone-.................................................................................................................................... 11
At the 9anoot........................................................................................................................ 16
:erb ,to want........................................................................................................................ 11
;a-n for ,There is................................................................................................................. 15
"a#i!-............................................................................................................................................. 1<
"a#i!- Me#bers................................................................................................................... 1<
:erb ,to have......................................................................................................................... 17
&irections....................................................................................................................................... =(
Prepositions.......................................................................................................................... =(
&irections.............................................................................................................................. =1
Past 4vents..................................................................................................................................... =1
Ti#e :ocabu!ar-................................................................................................................... =1
Past Tense > ?egu!ar :erbs.................................................................................................. ==
Past Tense > Irregu!ar :erbs................................................................................................ =<
$egation................................................................................................................................ =%
9ave -ou ever... 8 I@ve never..................................................................................................5(
7b/ect Pronouns.................................................................................................................... 51
Auestion +ords..................................................................................................................... 56
&ai!- ?outines................................................................................................................................ 55
Present Tense > ?egu!ar :erbs............................................................................................. 55
Present Tense > Irregu!ar :erbs with Midd!e ,a..................................................................57
Present Tense > Irregu!ar :erbs with "ina! ,a.....................................................................<1
3sing 7ne :erb after Another...............................................................................................<5
The I#perative...................................................................................................................... <<
Bargaining...................................................................................................................................... <
Bargaining............................................................................................................................. <
*!othing................................................................................................................................. <%
Ad/ectives.............................................................................................................................. 71
*o#parative and Super!ative Ad/ectives..............................................................................7<
Shopping "or "ood......................................................................................................................... 7%
"ruits and :egetab!es........................................................................................................... (
Bu-ing Produce..................................................................................................................... 1
Spices and Meat.................................................................................................................... =
"ood and &rin2............................................................................................................................... 5
"ood and &rin2..................................................................................................................... 5
The ?ef!e5ive verb ,to p!ease 8 to !i2e..................................................................................7
The :erb ,to need) to have to) #ust) shou!d.........................................................................%1
The :erb ,to want) to !i2e..................................................................................................... %6
Medica! 0 Bod-............................................................................................................................... %1
Bod- Parts............................................................................................................................. %1
9ea!th Prob!e#s................................................................................................................... %=
Site :isit 45pressions..................................................................................................................... %<
Trave!.............................................................................................................................................. %
"uture Tense......................................................................................................................... %
Trave!................................................................................................................................... 1(6
At the 9ote!................................................................................................................................... 1(<
9ote! Acco##odation........................................................................................................1(<
The *onditiona!................................................................................................................... 1(7
At the Post 7ffice.......................................................................................................................... 1(%
The Post 7ffice.................................................................................................................... 1(%
3sing Prepositions with Pronoun 4ndings 0 :erbs............................................................111
&escribing the Peace *orps Mission............................................................................................. 11<
Peace *orps.......................................................................................................................... 11<
'outh &eve!op#ent.............................................................................................................. 117
4nviron#ent........................................................................................................................ 11
9ea!th.................................................................................................................................. 16(
S#a!! Business &eve!op#ent...............................................................................................161
?enting a 9ouse............................................................................................................................ 161
"inding a 9ouse.................................................................................................................. 161
"urnishing a 9ouse............................................................................................................. 165
Safet- and Securit-........................................................................................................................ 167
Se5ua! 9arass#ent.............................................................................................................. 167
At the Ta5i Stand................................................................................................................. 16%
At +or2............................................................................................................................... 11(
"orgetting a +a!!et in a Ta5i 8 "i!ing a ?eport....................................................................111
Butagas................................................................................................................................ 116
9ash..................................................................................................................................... 11=
Theft..................................................................................................................................... 115
9ouse Securit- 8 &oors and +indows................................................................................117
Po!itica! 9arass#ent........................................................................................................... 11
Appendices.................................................................................................................................... 1=1
Pronunciation of Moroccan Arabic............................................................................................... 1=6
3nderstanding 9ow Sounds Are Made...............................................................................1=6
Pronunciation of $onC4ng!ish *onsonants........................................................................1=6
Pronunciation of Shedda..................................................................................................... 1==
The &efinite Artic!e............................................................................................................. 1==
Supp!e#entar- Gra##ar Lessons...............................................................................................1=<
Ma2ing Intransitive :erbs into Transitive :erbs................................................................1=<
Passive :erbs....................................................................................................................... 1=7
The Past Progressive........................................................................................................... 1=
The :erb ,to re#ain............................................................................................................ 1=%
:erb Particip!es................................................................................................................... 1=%
*on/unctions........................................................................................................................ 156
More 3sefu! 45pressions.............................................................................................................. 155
Moroccan 9o!ida-s....................................................................................................................... 157
?e!igious 9o!ida-s............................................................................................................... 157
$ationa! 9o!ida-s................................................................................................................ 15%
G!ossar- of :erbs........................................................................................................................... 1<1
Gra##ar Inde5............................................................................................................................ 1%
:ocabu!ar- Inde5.......................................................................................................................... 1%(
Peace Corps / Morocco 3
Introduction
Learning Moroccan Arabic
4ven under the best conditions) !earning a new !anguage can be cha!!enging. Add to this cha!!enge the
rigors of Peace *orps training) and -ou@re faced with what wi!! be one of the #ost de#andingDand
rewardingDaspects of -our Peace *orps e5perienceE !earning to co##unicate to Moroccans in their
own !anguage. But it can be done. And rest assured that -ou can do it. 9ere are a few reasons wh-E
You are immersed in the language: So#e peop!e #a- need to hear a word three ti#es to
re#e#ber itF others #a- need thirt-. Learning Moroccan Arabic whi!e !iving and training with
Moroccans gives -ou the chance to hear the !anguage used again and again.
You have daily language classes with Moroccan teachers: 'ou@re not on!- i##ersed in the
!anguageF -ou a!so have the opportunit- to receive feedbac2 fro# native spea2ers on the #an-
Guestions that predictab!- crop up when one !earns a new !anguage.
Peace Corps has over forty years of experience in Morocco: 'our training) inc!uding this #anua!)
benefits fro# the co!!ective e5perience gained b- training thousands of A#ericans to !ive and
wor2 in Morocco. 'ou wi!! benefit fro# and contribute to that !egac-.
&espite these advantages) at ti#es -ou #a- sti!! fee! !i2e the tas2 of !earning Moroccan Arabic is too
#uch to hand!e. ?e#e#ber that vo!unteers like you having been doing it for decades) however. 7ne of
the #ost rewarding aspects of -our ti#e wi!! be co##unicating with Moroccans in Arabic) surprising
the# and -ourse!f with how we!! -ou 2now the !anguage. +hen that ti#e arrives) -our hard wor2 wi!!
have been worth it.
Transcription of Moroccan Arabic
In order for trainees to #ove Guic2!- into Moroccan Arabic Ha!so ca!!ed ,&ari/a.I) Peace *orps uses a
s-ste# of transcription that substitutes characters of the Latin a!phabet Ha) b) c) d) . . . I for characters
fro# Arabic script H

. . .I. +ith this s-ste#) it isn@t necessar- for a trainee to !earn a!! of
Arabic script before he or she begins to !earn the !anguage. 7n the contrar-) once -ou beco#e fa#i!iar
with the s-ste# of transcription) -ou wi!! be ab!e to ,read. and ,write. Moroccan Arabic fair!- Guic2!-D
using characters -ou are fa#i!iar with. 'ou wi!! also !earn Arabic script during training) but with
transcription it isn@t necessar- to 2now it right awa-. Throughout the boo2) therefore) -ou wi!! a!wa-s
see both the origina! Arabic script and the transcription. Becoming familiar with the Peace Corps
system of transcription is one of the best things you can do, early on, to help yourself learn Moroccan
Arabic. Practicing the different sounds of Moroccan Arabic until you can reproduce them is another.
This introduction is intended #ain!- to he!p -ou get started with the s-ste# of transcription) and as a
resu!t it wi!! #ention on!- brief!- the different sounds of Arabic. 9owever) a fu!!er e5p!anation can be
found on page 1==.
Sounds You Already Know
The !arge #a/orit- of consonants in Moroccan Arabic are si#i!ar to sounds that we have in 4ng!ish.
The vowe!s in Arabic are a!so si#i!ar to 4ng!ish vowe!s. In the fo!!owing tab!e) each transcription
character that represents a sound you already know wi!! be e5p!ained. The sounds are not necessarily
what you may expect) but each character was #atched with a sound for good reasons.
Transcription
Character
Arabic
Character
Description
a _/ / sometimes the // in father, sometimes the /a/ in mad
b the normal English sound /b/
d the normal English sound /d/
e / _
the short e sound /e/ as in met (this transcription character is not used
often, only when confusion would be caused by using the transcription character
a)
f the normal English sound /f/
g the normal English sound /g/ as in go
h the normal English sound /h/ as in hi
i / _ the long ee sound /!/ as in meet
/ the /"h/ sound represented by the #s$ in pleasure
2 the normal English sound /%/
! the normal English sound /l/
# the normal English sound /m/
n the normal English sound /n/
o
the long o sound /&/ as in bone (this transcription character is not used
often, mainly for 'rench words that ha(e entered )oroccan *rabic)
p + the normal English sound /p/
r
this is not the normal English r, but a flap similar to the ,panish
r or to the sound *mericans ma%e when they -uic%ly say gotta as
in . gotta go
s the normal English sound /s/
t the normal English sound /t/
u the long oo sound /// as in food
v the normal English sound /(/
w the normal English sound /w/
- the normal English sound /y/
J the normal English sound /"/
K the normal English sound /sh/ as in she
,ome (owel combinations
a- the ay as in say
au the ow as in cow
iu the ee you as in see you later
New Sounds
There are eight consonants in Moroccan Arabic that we do not have in 4ng!ish. It #a- ta2e -ou so#e
ti#e to be ab!e to pronounce these correct!-. At this point) what@s i#portant is that -ou !earn the
transcription character for each of these sounds. See page 1== for #ore infor#ation on how to
pronounce the sounds in Moroccan Arabic.
Transcription
Character
Arabic
Character
Sound
d the *rabic emphatic d 0hese sounds are pronounced li%e their
non1emphatic counterparts, but with a
lower pitch and a greater tension in the
tongue and throat
s the *rabic emphatic s
t the *rabic emphatic t
G li%e the English /%/ but pronounced further bac% in the throat
5 !
li%e the #ch$ in the 2erman 3ach4 some people use this sound to
say yech!
L "
li%e the x sound abo(e, but pronounced using your (oice bo54
similar to the 'rench r
M #
li%e the English h, e5cept pronounce deep in the throat as a loud
raspy whisper
$ $
0his sound will be difficult at first .t can be appro5imated by
pronouncing the #a$ in fat with the tongue against the bottom of the
mouth and from as deep in the throat as possible
Sedda
If -ou see a transcription character doubled) that #eans that a ,shedda. is over that character in the
Arabic script. "or e5a#p!e) in the fo!!owing tab!e) -ou wi!! see how the transcription changes for
,shedda). and thus the pronunciation.
English
Translation
Transcription
Arabic
Script
woman
mra
%&
time (as in6 .$(e seen
him one time)
mrra
'%
(
&
$otice that these two words are spe!!ed different!- in the transcription. The word ,wo#an. does not
have a shedda on the ,r. in Arabic script) and that is wh- there is on!- one ,r. in the transcription. The
word ,ti#e. does have a shedda in the Arabic script) and that is wh- the transcription doub!es the !etter
,r.. These two words are pronounced differently, so you must pay attention to doubled letters in
transcription. To !earn #ore about how we pronounce the shedda in Arabic) see page 1=<. "or now)
what@s i#portant is that -ou understand the transcription.
!ter Sy"bols
So#eti#es) -ou wi!! see a hyphen used in the transcription. This has three purposesE
1. It indicates the definite article: "or so#e !etters) the definite artic!e Hthe word ,the.I is #ade b-
adding the !etter ,!.. "or others) it is #ade b- doub!ing the first !etter. In both cases) a h-phen
wi!! be used to indicate to -ou that the word has the definite artic!e in front of it. See page 1=7
for #ore info on the definite artic!e.
6. It connects the present tense prefix: The present tense prefi5 H,2an). ,2at). or ,2a-.I wi!! be
connected to the verb with a h-phen. This wi!! #a2e it easier for -ou to understand what verb
-ou are !oo2ing at.
1. It connects the negative prefix (ma) and the negative suffix () to a verb.
In these instances) the h-phen does not necessarily indicate a change in pronunciation. The h-phen is
there to #a2e it eas- for -ou to see when a definite artic!e is being used) for e5a#p!e) or which verb is
being used. It is a visua! indicator) not an indicator of pronunciation. So#eti#es the rh-th# of speech
#a- see# to brea2 with the h-phenF other ti#es the !etters before and after the h-phen wi!! be
pronounced together.
Another s-#bo! -ou wi!! so#eti#es see is the apostrophe H N I. +hen -ou see an apostrophe) it indicates
a ,g!otta! stop). which is the brea2 between vowe!s as heard in the 4ng!ish e5c!a#ation ,uh oh.. That is
to sa-) if -ou see an apostrophe -ou shou!d not connect the sounds before the apostrophe with the
sounds after the apostrophe. Pronounce the# with a brea2 in the #idd!e.
# Moroccan Arab$c
%ords & Syllables %$tout 'owels
So#eti#es -ou wi!! see s-!!ab!es or even who!e words without an- vowe!s written in the#. This is
nor#a! in Moroccan Arabic. To the 4ng!ish spea2er) however) this see#s i#possib!e) since we have
a!wa-s been taught that a!! words #ust contain a vowe! sound. +hich side is correctO +e!!) in a sense
the- both are. In rea!it-) it is indeed possib!e to pronounce consonants together without articu!ating a
vowe! soundF we do it a !ot in 4ng!ish at the beginning of words. Thin2 about the word street. +e
pronounce three consonantsDs) t) and rDwithout an- vowe!s between the#. So it is possib!e. The on!-
cha!!enge with Arabic is that the consonant co#binations are new for 4ng!ish spea2ers Hwe don@t put
the 8sh8 sound ne5t to the 8#8 sound) for e5a#p!e) but in Arabic the- doI.
9owever) tr- for a #o#ent to pronounce only the !etters ,str). not the who!e word ,street.. In this
case) #ost 4ng!ish spea2ers wi!! hear so#ething that sounds like the word ,stir.. +ith certain
consonant co#binations) that is to sa-) it sounds to the 4ng!ish spea2er !i2e there is a vowe! in the
#idd!e) even if there isn@t. The ,vowe!. is in rea!it- /ust the nor#a! sound #ade as one consonant
sound transitions to another.
Part of !earning Moroccan Arabic is beco#ing co#fortab!e with new consonant co#binations and
practicing those co#binations without necessari!- p!acing a vowe! in the #idd!e. The transcription
words) -ou wi!! notice) on!- inc!ude characters for vowe!s when there rea!!- is a vowe! in the word. It
#a- see# difficu!t at first) but it is better to accusto# -ourse!f to this as ear!- as -ou can.
%y Not (ust %r$te )s*+
A fina! point about the transcription. At ti#es it #a- see# over!- co#p!icated to so#eone beginning
Moroccan Arabic. "or e5a#p!e) wh- doesn@t it /ust use ,sh. for the 8sh8 soundO The answer is thisE
ever- sound #ust have /ust a sing!e character to represent it. +h-O +e!!) in Arabic it is nor#a! for
the 8h8 sound to fo!!ow the 8s8 sound. If we used ,sh. to represent the 8sh8 sound) there wou!d not be
an- wa- to represent an 8s8 p!us 8h8 sound) because it too wou!d !oo2 !i2e ,sh.. 3sing the s-#bo! to
represent 8sh8 #a2es it possib!e to represent 8s8 p!us 8h8 and 8sh8 p!us 8h8 H-es) in Arabic both these
co#binations are usedI.
A!! of this concerns a !arger pointE the transcription system used in this book may appear complex at
first, but it has been carefully thought out and in the end it is the easiest s-ste# possib!e. That said) the
sooner -ou can #a2e the transition to reading Arabic script) the easier it wi!! be to pronounce Arabic
correct!-.
This small character,
which looks like a w,
is the shedda That is
why the transcription
has a doubled r
Getting Started with Moroccan Arabic
Objective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:
greet people and introduce yourself
use independent pronouns to make simple sentences
use possessive pronouns to indicate possession
distinguish between masculine and feminine nouns
Greetings
Cultural Points
Greetings and farewe!!s Hgood b-esI are two i#portant aspects of Moroccan !ife. Greetings are
not to be co#pared with the Guic2 A#erican ,hi.. It ta2es ti#e for two peop!e to e5change different
Guestions and answers which interest the# about each other) their fa#i!ies) and !ife in genera!.
Greetings change fro# one region to another) both in the Guestions posed and in the fashion of the
greeting Hi.e. sha2ing hands) 2issing chee2s head or hands) or putting one@s hand over one@s heart after
sha2ing handsI.
If -ou greet a group of peop!e) then the wa- -ou greet the first person is the wa- -ou shou!d greet
ever-one in the group. &on@t be surprised if -ou are greeted b- a friend but he does not introduce -ou
to other peop!e with who# he #a- be ta!2ing. &o not be surprised if -ou are in a group and -ou are not
greeted as others are in the group Hpeop!e #a- be sh- to greet a stranger.I It is a!so not necessar- to
give an over!- detai!ed response to a greetingDon!- the usua! response is e5pected. "or e5a#p!e) ,9ow
are -ouO. reGuires on!- a si#p!e ,"ine) than2s be to God..
How do people greet each
other in different cultures?
,reet$n- e.press$ons and appropr$ate responses
*6 7eace be upon you
36 *nd peace be upon you (too)
ssalamu $alaykum
wa $alaykum ssalam

)
*+
, -.
)
/
-.
)
/
0 *+
,
*6 2ood morning
36 2ood morning
sba lxir
sba lxir
#12 %3,
#12 %3,
*6 2ood afternoon / e(ening
36 2ood afternoon / e(ening
msa lxir
msa lxir
+& %3,
+& %3,
name
smiya 456
8hat$s your name9
nu smitk? 78 9:;56
my name
smiti...
<;56
/ Moroccan Arab$c
your name
smitk...
:;56
his name
smitu...
;56
her name
smitha...
=;56
:ice to meet you
mtrfin >?%@;&
;ow are you (masc)9
kif dayr? AB 9%C
;ow are you (fem)9
kif dayra? AB 9'%C
*re you fine9
labas? D 9E
2ood, than%s be to 2od
labas, lamdullah D E F
)
5G
, H/,
2ood, than%s be to 2od
bixir, lamdullah %3E
F
)
5G
, H/,
E(erything is fine
kuli bixir <@/B
)
%3E
2oodbye
bslama 4&*+,
2ood night
layla sa $ida 4/,
'FI6
,reet$n-s 0$alo-ue
John: ssalamu $alaykum.
)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 J6
Mohamed: wa $alaykum ssalam.
-.
)
/
0 *+
, F5G&6
John: kif dayr? AB 9%C J6
Mohamed: labas, lamdullah. u nta? D E F
)
5G
, 1 H/, 9K
L F5G&6
John: bixir, lamdullah. %3E
F
)
5G
, H/, J6
Mohamed: nu smitk? 78 9:;56 F5G&6
John: smiti John. u nta? <;56 1 J 9K
L J6
Mohamed: smiti Mohamed. <;56 F5G& F5G&6
John: mtrfin. >?%@;& J6
Mohamed: mtrfin. >?%@;& F5G&6
MNOPQRNSTUSVP XYZSP[YN \ QYY TO]Y ^ _VN U`Y _abb UOcbY dSU` Obb UNOPQRNSTUSVP R`ONORUYNQe
KEthe /sh/ sound as in sheaEthe #a$ in father or the #a$ in mad5Ethe #ch$ in the 2erman 3ach or
theiEthe #ee$ in meet,cottish loch ,ee page<==uEthe #oo$ in food
Exercise: Put this dialogue in the correct order.
Chris: sba lxir. #12 %3, fC%B6
Amy: mtrfin. >?%@;& <5C6
Chris: kif dayra? AB 9'%C fC%B6
Amy: nu smitk? 78 9:;56 <5C6
Chris: labas, lamdullah. D E F
)
5G
, H/, fC%B6
Amy: smiti Amy. <;56 <5C <5C6
Chris: smiti Chris. u nti? <;56 1 fC%B 9K L fC%B6
Amy: sba lxir. #12 %3, <5C6
Chris: mtrfin. >?%@;& fC%B6
Amy: bixir, lamdullah. u nta? %3E
F
)
5G
, H/, <5C6
Independent Pronouns
+e ca!! the fo!!owing pronouns ,independent. because the- are not attached to other words) such as
nouns) verbs) or prepositions Hsee ,Possessive Pronouns). ne5t page) and ,7b/ect Pronouns). page 55I.
The pronouns are often used in a nu#ber of different wa-s.
.
ana L
you (masc singular)
nta K
L
you (fem singular)
nti K L
he
huwa
g )
she
hiya <
g
we
na 7h
you (plural)
ntuma 5; )L
they
huma 5g )
+hen the- are fo!!owed b- a noun or an ad/ective) the verb ,to be. is not necessar-. It is i#p!ied
a!read-) and si#p!e sentences can be #ade b- using independent pronouns with a nouns or ad/ectives.
. am a teacher
ana ustad.
L ;6
)
,he is tired hiya $iyana. <
g 4L
i
0
hEthe normal English /h/ sound as inMEli%e the English h, e5cept pronounce ithellodeep in the
throat as a loud raspy whisper ,ee page <=>
3 Moroccan Arab$c
Possessie Pronouns
In &ari/a) a suffi5 HendingI #a- be added to the end of words in order to e5press possession.
my
i ya! < /
your (singular)
k :
his
u h! / H
her
ha =
our
na 7
your (plural)
kum -.
)

their
hum -=
)
P "or the ,#-. and ,his. for#s) the first ending is used for words ending in consonants) whi!e the
second is used with words ending in vowe!s. "or e5a#p!e) smiti H#- na#eI) but xuya H#- brotherI.
45a#p!e of possessive pronouns with the noun ,boo2..
boo%
ktab ;B
my boo%
ktabi <E;B
your (sing) boo%
ktabk :E;B
his boo%
ktabu E;B
her boo%
ktabha =E;B
our boo%
ktabna 7E;B
your (plur) boo%
ktabkum -.
)
E;B
their boo%
ktabhum -=
)
E;B
Most fe#inine nouns in Arabic have an ,a. sound at the end of the word. In Arabic script) this ,a. is
actua!!- a silent t that is on!- pronounced on certain occasions. "or a!! fe#inine words ending in this
si!ent ,t. H'I) we drop the sound ,a. and substitute it with ,t. before adding a possessive pronoun. "or
e5a#p!e) the fe#inine noun magana Ha watchI.
watch
ma"ana 4Lj&
my watch
ma"anti <;Lj&
your (sing) watch

ma"antk :;Lj&
his watch
ma"antu ;Lj&
her watch
ma"antha =;Lj&
our watch
ma"antna 7;Lj&
your (plur) watch

ma"antkum -.
)
;Lj&
their watch
ma"anthum -=
)
;Lj&
Exercise: !se the following words with the appropriate possessie pronoun.
# dar (house) # blasa (place) # ktab (boo%) # wr$a (sheet of paper, tic%et)
1. -our Hp!ur.I house <. their p!ace
6. #- p!ace 7. her house
1. his boo2 . his tic2et
=. our p!ace %. -our Hsing.I boo2
5. -our Hsing.I tic2et 1(. their house
Masculine and "e#inine $ouns
In Arabic) a!! nouns are either #ascu!ine or fe#inine. In genera!) nouns ending in ,a. Hthe si!ent ,t. H'I
in Arabic scriptI are fe#inine. "or e5a#p!eE
name
smiya 456
city
mdina 47CF&
chic%en (a single one)
d%a%a 4JJ
tele(ision
tlfa&a 'kl/m
The fe#inine is for#ed fro# the #ascu!ine Hfor nouns indicating professions or particip!esI b- adding
,a. Hthe si!ent ,t. H'I in Arabic scriptI to the end of the word. "or e5a#p!eE
male teacher
ustad ;6
)
female teacher
ustada ';6
)
wor%ing (masc participle)
xddam F
(
n
wor%ing (fem participle)
xddama 4&F
(
n
So#e words without ,a. Hthe si!ent ,t. H'I in Arabic scriptI are nonethe!ess fe#inine. "irst) words and
proper na#es which are b- their nature fe#inineE
mother
om
)
*mal (girl$s name)
amal o&
Second) #ost Hthough not a!!I parts of the bod- that co#e in pairs are fe#inineE
an eye $in >0
a hand
yd FC
a foot
r%l oJ
an ear
udn
Third) a s#a!! nu#ber of nouns which do not fa!! into an- categor- and -et are fe#inineE
the house
ddar F,
the sun
ms f5@,
/Ethe /"h/ sound, li%e the #s$ in the ?emember that if two characters in a row areword pleasurethe
same, a shedda is used, and we pronounce$E,ee page <=@that sound longer ,ee pages A and
<=@
%escribing &ourself
ask and answer questions about nationalities, cities, age, and marital status
use the possessive word dyal to indicate possession
use demonstrative pronouns and adjectives in simple sentences
ask questions about possession
Cultural Points
Avoid as2ing about the sa!ar- and age Hso#eti#esI of peop!e) especia!!- wo#en. Men shou!d not
enGuire about the wives or other fe#a!e re!ations of so#eoneDthis cou!d be seen as e5pressing an
inappropriate interest. Peop!e won@t a!wa-s te!! -ou about their /obs and other persona! concerns if not
as2ed. ?e!igion can be a sensitive issue and so#eti#es peop!e are not wi!!ing to e5press their views.
$ationalities' (ities' and Marital Status
'ocabulary and 5.press$ons
8here are you (masc) from9
mnin nta? >7& 9K
L
8here are you (fem) from9
mnin nti? >7& 9K L
. am from the B,
ana mn mirikan.
L >& .C%&
. am *merican
ana mirikani'ya(.
L 6 ' <L.C%& )
. am from )orocco
ana mn lm)rib.
L >& %
p5,
. am )oroccan
ana m)ribi'ya(.
L 6 ' <E%
p& )
*re you 9
we ntanti ... ? K
L / K L 111 9
*re you from the B,9
we ntanti mn mirikan? K
L / K L >& 9.C%&
8here are you from in the B,9
mnin ntanti f mirikan? >7& K
L / K L 9.C%&
*nd you9
u ntanti? K
L / 9K L
city
mdina 47CF&
state
wilaya 4CD
big (fem)
kbira '%1B
small (fem)
s)ira '%p2
E5cuse me (to man / woman)
sm li smi li q56 <, / <G56 <,
. am not
ana mai ...
L <8&
but
welakin >. ,
engaged (fem)
mxtuba 4Er3&
married (masc / fem)
m&uw% m&uw%a
(
k& / 4J
(
k&
:o, not yet
lla ma&al lla ba$i D
(
& / D
(
<sE
*re you a tourist9
we ntanti turist? K
L / K L 9K+C%m )
. wor% with the 7eace Corps
ana xddam'a( m $a hay*at
ssalam.
L 7 6 t
& ' F
(
n 4u g *+
,
0$alo-ue
+atima:ssalamu $alaykum.
)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 45v ?6
,om:wa $alaykum ssalam.
-.
)
/
0 *+
, v6
+atima:sm li, we nta fransawi? q56 <, K
L 9+L%
? 45v ?6
,om:lla, ana mirikani.
D L <L.C%& v6
+atima:mnin f mirikan? >7& 9.C%& 45v ?6
,om:mn mdint -eattle f wilayat
.ashin"ton. u nti?
>& 47CF& om6 4CD
1 >r
)
78 9K L v6
+atima:mn /abat.
>& E%, 45v ?6
,om:al f $mrk? G8 9%50 v6
+atima:tnayn u $rin $am. u nta? >7 m >C%@0 1 0 9K
L 45v ?6
,om:rb $a u tlatin $am.
4IE >m*m 0 v6
+atima:we nta m&uw% wlla ma&al? K
L k& D
(
9& 45v ?6
,om:ma&al. u nti? 1 & 9K L v6
+atima:lla, ba$iya. we nta turist? D 1 4sE K
L 9K+Cm 45v ?6
,om:lla, ana xddam m $a
hay*at ssalam.
D L F
(
n t
& 4u g *+
, v6
+atima:bslama.
4&*+, 45v ?6
,om:nufk mn b $d.
:?@L >& FIE v6
Exercise: (o#plete each section of this dialogue.
The Possessie )ord *d+al,
In Moroccan Arabic) -ou have a!read- !earned that possession can be e5pressed b- adding the
possessive pronouns to the end of a word Hsee page I. Another wa- to e5press possession is through
the word dyal. It is p!aced after a noun with the definite artic!e ,the). which in Arabic #a- be either
the !etter ,l. or a doub!ing of the first consonant of a word Hsee page 1=7 for #ore infor#ation on the
Arabic definite artic!eI. The sa#e possessive pronouns -ou !earned before are attached to the end of
dyal. 'ou can a!so use a na#e with dyal. So#e e5a#p!esE
!sing "ossessi#e "ronoun !sing dyal
boo%
ktab
;B
the boo%
lktab
;.,
my boo%
ktabi
<E;B
my boo%
lktab dyali
;., <,C
Dohn$s boo%
lktab dyal John
;., C J
9ere is a !ist of dyal with a!! of the possessive pronoun endingsE
my / mine
dyali <,C
your / yours (sing)
dyalk :,C
89 Moroccan Arab$c
his / his
dyalu ,C
her / hers
dyalha =,C
our / ours
dyalna 7,C
your / yours
dyalkum -.
)
,C
their / theirs
dyalhum -=
)
,C
As the !ist above shows) the for#s dyali) dyalk) etc. a!so #ean ,#ine). ,-ours). etc.
0his pen is mine
had sstilo dyali.
Fg /;+, <,C
0hat rug is yours
dik &&rbiya dyalk.
:C 4Ek, :,C
Exercise: Substitute the underlined words b+ the corresponding possessie
pronoun endings.
0. sstilu dyal John.
/;+, C J
1. lktab dyal Amber.
;., C %1&
2. ddar dyal 3riss u 4ubida.
F, C fC 'FE
%e#onstratie Ad-ecties . %e#onstratie Pronouns
This) that) these) and those are used often in Arabic) !i2e in 4ng!ish. But) un!i2e in 4ng!ish) in Arabic we
#ust be aware of whether the- act as ad/ectives or pronouns. Thin2 about how we use these words in
4ng!ish. So#eti#es) we use the# before a noun. +hen we use the# before a noun) the- are ca!!ed
de#onstrative ad/ectives.
This car is Johns. I like these towels.
I want that book. Those flowers smell lovely.
So#eti#es) we use the# b- the#se!ves. In this case) the- are ca!!ed de#onstrative pronouns.
This is Johns. I like these.
I want that. Those smell lovely.
It isn@t necessar- to 2now their na#es) but it is necessar- to pa- attention to whether the- are before a
noun or not. Let@s first !oo2 at the pronoun for#s in Arabic) which -ou wi!! use often even as a
beginner.
0e"onstrat$:e Pronouns
this (masc)
hada Fg
this (fem)
hadi Fg
these (plur)
hadu Fg
that (masc)
hadak Fg
that (fem)
hadik :CFg
those (plur)
haduk Fg
These for#s #a- be used at the beginning of a sentence) in the #idd!e or at the end of a sentence) or in
Guestions. In Arabic) these pronouns can represent peop!e.
0his is a chair
hada kursi.
Fg <6%B
)
0his is a table
hadi tbla.
Fg 4/1v
0his is *bdallah
hada Abdallah.
Fg H/,F10
0his is *icha
hadi Ai5ha.
Fg 4@0
8hat$s this9 (masc obEect)
nu a hada? 78 / 9Fg
8hat$s this9 (fem obEect)
nu a hadi? 78 / 9Fg
8ho is this9 (masc)
kun hada? .8 9Fg
8ho is this9 (fem)
kun hadi? .8 9Fg
8hat is that9 (masc obEect)
nu a hadak? 78 / 9Fg
8ho is that9 (fem)
kun hadik? .8 9:CFg
At first) -ou #a- have difficu!t- 2nowing whether to use the #ascu!ine or fe#inine for# of this or that.
Moroccans shou!d understand -ou even if -ou #a2e an error with gender) however.
Exercise: )rite as #an+ correct sentences as +ou can using the words fro# the
following table.
e.". hada ra%l m&yan. Fg oJ Ck& .
(0his is a good man)
8# Moroccan Arab$c
hada wld 'mas5. sin".( m&yan 'mas5. sin".(
Fg F, Ck&
hadi bnt 'fem. sin".( m&yanin 'mas5. 6lur.(
Fg K7E >LCk&
hadu $hwa 'fem. sin".( m&yana 'fem. sin".(
Fg '=s 4LCk&
hadak wlad 'mas5. 6lur.( m&yanat 'fem. 6lur.(
Fg D LCk&
hadik ra%l 'mas5. sin".( kbir 'mas5. sin".(
:CFg oJ %1B
haduk dar 'fem. sin".( kbira 'fem. sin".(
Fg '%1B
$yalat 'fem. 6lur.( kbar 'mas5.fem. 6lur.(
D0 1B
mdina 'fem. sin".( fran 'mas5. sin".(
47CF& h%?
bnat 'fem. 6lur.( franin 'mas5. 6lur.(
7E >Lh%?
blad 'mas5. sin".( frana 'fem. sin".(
*E 4Lh%?
franat 'fem. 6lur.(
Lh%?
0e"onstrat$:e Ad;ect$:es
this/these (masc / fem / plur)
had Fg
that (masc)
dak
that (fem)
dik :C
those (plur)
duk
As -ou can see) the this/these for# HhadI is the sa#e for #ascu!ine) fe#inine) and p!ura!. "or a!! the
de#onstrative ad/ectives) -ou #ust use the definite artic!e in front of the nouns that fo!!ow the#. This
#eans using an ,l. in front of ,#oon !etters. or doub!ing the first !etter of ,sun !etters. Hsee page 1=7I.
this man
had rra%l Fg oJ%,
this woman
had lmra Fg %5,
these men
had rr%al Fg J%,
these women
had l $yalat Fg DI,
KEthe /sh/ sound as in sheaEthe #a$ in father or the #a$ in mad5Ethe #ch$ in the 2erman 3ach or
theiEthe #ee$ in meet,cottish loch ,ee page<==uEthe #oo$ in foodLEthe 'rench r, li%e a light
gargle2Ethe normal /%/ sound,ee page <=>GEli%e the English /%/ but pronounced tE pronounced li%e t,
d, and s, but with a lower pitch and a greater tension in the tongue and throat ,ee page <=>further
bac% in the throat ,ee page <==dE sE
Peace Corps / Morocco 8<
0his city is big
had lmdina kbira.
Fg 47CF5, '%1B
0hat house is big
dik ddar kbira.
:C F, '%1B
Tal=$n- about a ,eneral S$tuat$on
So#eti#es in 4ng!ish) we use the words this and that to ta!2 about genera! situations) not about specific
things.
Some of the students are always late for class. I dont like that.
In Arabic) different e5pressions are used for these #eanings.
this (general situation)
had i Fg <@,
that (general situation)
dak i <@,
After so#e e5perience hearing native spea2ers) -ou shou!d be ab!e to 2now when to use the nor#a!
de#onstrative pronouns and when to use these e5pressions. So#e e5a#p!esE
8hat is this9 (this thing, this
obEect)
a hada? 9Fg
8hat is this9 (situation, affair)
a had i? Fg 9<@,
. want that (that thing, that
obEect)
b)it hadak.
KpE Fg
0hat$s what . want (a situation
or outcome)
dak i lli b)it.
<@, </, KpE
>s$n- a 0e"onstrat$:e Pronoun to 5.press 0urat$on
+ith a present tense verb for#) an active particip!e e5pressing current activit-) or an eGuationa!
sentence) the de#onstrative pronoun hadi is used to e5press duration) !i2e the 4ng!ish present perfect
tense or present perfect progressive tense. It is used with a ti#e e5pression and u HandI fo!!owed b- the
rest of the sentenceE
hadi + time expression + u + rest of sentence
.$(e been waiting for you for two
hours (Fiterally6 0his is two
hours and . am waiting for you)
hadi sa $tayn u ana
kantsnak.
Fg >; 06 L 7+;7B
;e$s been asleep for a long
time (Fiterally6 0his is a long
time and he is sleeping)
hadi muda u huwa na $s. Fg 'F&
)

g ) f0L
;e$s been in )orocco for three
years (Fiterally6 0his is three
years and he is in )orocco)
hadi tlt snin u huwa
f lma)rib.
Fg K/m >76
g ) %
p5,
As/ing about Possession
The possessive word dyal HCI #a- be used with mn H>&I to #ean ,whose..
8hose boo% is this9
dyal mn had lktab? C >& Fg 9;.,
0his is *mber$s boo%
had lktab dyal Amber.
Fg ;., C %1&
.s this ;icham$s boo%9
we had lktab dyal
7i5ham?
Fg ;., C 9@g
wPUYNZY[SOUY
MVTSR
wPUYNZY[SOUY
MVTSR
8/ Moroccan Arab$c
:o, it$s not his
lla, mai dyalu.
D <8& ,C
8hose house is this9
dyal mn had ddar? C >& Fg 9F,
0his house is )ali%a$s
had ddar dyal Malika.
Fg F, C 4./&
.s this house )ali%a$s9

we had ddar dyal
Malika?
Fg F, C 94./&
Ges, it$s hers

iyeh, dyalha.
HCx =,C
Exercise: As/ a 0uestion about possession for each picture. Then' gie the correct
answer. The first one is done for +ou.
weK had ddar
d-a! Ma!i2aO
i-eh)
d-a!ha.
8: dyal mn had l9bisklit?
A: had l9bisklit dyal 7assan.
$assan
9K/.+1
, Fg >& C
C K/.+1
, Fg
>+h
Said
8: :::::::::::::::::::::::?
A: :::::::::::::::::::-aid.
_______________9
____________FI6
8: :::::::::::::::::::::::?
A: ::::::::::::::::::Ahmed.
Ahmed
_______________9
____________F5h
8: :::::::::::::::::::::::?
A: :::::::::::::::::::A&i&.
A%i%
_______________9
____________kCk0
9
9
9
9
!seful Expressions
9ere are so#e e5pressions to he!p -ou with ho#esta-) trave!) and other situations where -our !anguage
#a- not -et be at a point where -ou are ab!e to co##unicate we!! in Moroccan Arabic. If -ou fo!!ow the
pronunciation of the transcriptions) Moroccans shou!d understand -ou. More e5pressions can be
found in the appendi5. See page 157.
Mealt$"e 5.press$ons
.n the name of 2od (said when you
begin an acti(ity6 eating, drin%ing,
wor%ing, studying, tra(eling, etc)
bismillah -
+E
H/,
0han%s to 2od (said after finishing a
meal, or after e5pressing that all is well
in life)
lamdullah F
)
5G
, H/,
. don$t eat meat
eggs
fish
chic%en
makanakul...llm
lbid
lut
dd%a%
& y/B7B
-G/, / z1, / G, /
JF,
. drin% tea / coffee without sugar
kanrb atay l$hwa bla
skkar.
%@7B
m / '={, *E %.
6
. eat e(erything
kanakul kuli.
oB7B
<@/B
)
. eat (egetables only

kanakul )ir lxodra.
oB7B
%| '%}3,
. don$t feel li%e eating
ma9fiya ma9y9akul.
&
(
? & oB
)
C
. want Eust/only
b)it )ir ...
KpE %|
. don$t want to ha(e brea%fast
mab)it nftr.
& y;pE %rlL
0he food is delicious
lmakla bnina.
4/B5, 477E
.$m full
b $t.
KI18
. want to learn how to coo%
b)it n9t $llm n9tiyb.
KpE -/
(
I;L ~
(
rL
)ay 2od replenish / reward you
(said after a meal to than% host)
lla yxlf.
H/, A/3C
0o your health (said to someone
after eating, drin%ing, coming out of the
hammam, wearing new clothes, ha(ing
a hair cut, etc)
bssa.
4G
(
,
)ay 2od grant you health too
(response to the abo(e)
lla y $tik ssa H/, :rIC 4G
(
,
Tan=$n- 5.press$ons
0han% you
ukran.
%.8)
Gou$re welcome
bla %mil.
*E o5J
5.press$ons for N$-tt$"e / Sleep$n-
.$m tired (male spea%er)
ana $iyan.
L
(
0
.$m tired (female spea%er)
ana $iyana.
L 4L
(
0
. want to read a little bit
b)it n$ra wiya.
KpE %{L 4C8
. want to go to bed
b)it nn $s.
KpE fIL (
8here . am going to sleep9
fin )adi nn $s. >? | 9fIL (
E5cuse me, . want to go to bed
(addressing a group of people)
smu li, b)it nmi nn
$s.
G56 <, KpE <@5L fIL (
. want to go to bed early b)it nn $s bkri. KpE fIL ( %.E
. want to get up early
b)it nfi$ bkri.
KpE lL %.E
. want a blan%et
b)it wad lmanta.
KpE Fh 4rL5,
?y-$ene/Cleanl$ness 5.press$ons
. want to wash my hands with
soap
b)it n)sl yddi b
ssabun.
KpE o+pL F
(
C E,
. want to brush my teeth
b)it n)sl snani.
KpE o+pL <L76
. want hot water, please b)it lma ssxun $afak. KpE 5, 3+,
. want to ta%e a shower
b)it nduw.
KpE
(
FL
. want to go to the hammam
b)it nmi lmmam.
KpE <@5L 5
(
G,
. want to change my clothes
b)it nbddl way%i.
KpE F
(
1L <Ch
8here is the toilet9
fin bit lma? >? KE 95,
. want to do laundry
b)it n9sbbn way%i.
KpE >1
(
L <Ch
8here can . do laundry9
fin ymkn n9sbbn way%i.
>? >.5C >1
(
L <Ch
!ffer$n- ?elp / As=$n- for @a:ors
Can . help you9
we n $awnk? 9:LIL
E5cuse me (to a man)
sm li.
q56 <,
E5cuse me (to a woman)
smi li.
<G56 <,
2i(e me please
$tini ... $afak.
<7r0 111 l0
Ae$n- S$c=
.$m sic% (male spea%er)
ana mrid.
L zC%&
.$m sic% (female spea%er)
ana mrida.
L 4}C%&
. want to rest a bit
b)it n9rta swiya.
KpE #m%L 4C
(
6
Ho you feel better9
briti wiya? <;C%E 94C
(
8
Transportat$on 5.press$ons
. want to go to
b)it nmi l ...
KpE <@5L
9B Moroccan Arab$c
Cesponses to Proble"s/0$ff$cult$es/Apolo-$es
.t$s not a problem
mai mukil.
<8& o. @&
)
0here is no problem
makayn mukil.
& >CB o. @&
)
Con-ratulat$ons
Congratulations
mbruk %1&
;appy holiday mbruk l $id. %1& FI,
)ay 2od grant you grace
lla ybark fik.
H/, 1C :?
Co""un$cat$on
. don$t understand
mafhmt.
& y;5=?
. don$t %now man $rf. & %IL
,lowly please b wiya $afak. 4C8 l0
?epeat please (to a man) $awd $afak. 0 l0
?epeat please (to a woman) $awdi $afak. 0 l0
8hat did you say9
nu "lti? 78 9<;/
$u#erals
Objective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to :
count in Moroccan Arabic
combine numbers with nouns to indicate amounts
ask and answer questions about time
+hen we ta!2 about nu#era!s) we want to be ab!e to do two things. "irst) we have to be ab!e to count.
That is) we have to !earn our nu#bers. Second) we have to be ab!e to use the nu#bers with ob/ects. In
other words) we have to be ab!e to sa- things !i2e ,five app!es. or ,twent-seven students. or ,one
hundred fort-three vo!unteers..
In 4ng!ish) we never thin2 of these two tas2s separate!-. +e si#p!- use a nu#ber in co#bination with
the p!ura! for# of so#e ob/ect. In Arabic) however) we have to !earn how to co#bine different nu#bers
with ob/ects) so#eti#es using a p!ura! for#) so#eti#es a singu!ar) so#eti#es with a !etter in between
the two) so#eti#es not. As in a!! things Arabic) what see#s difficu!t now beco#es natura! with ti#e.
(ardinal $u#bers
*ardina! nu#bers refer to the nor#a! nu#bers we use Hone) two) three...I. The- are different than
ordina! nu#bers Hfirst) second) third...I and fractions Honeha!f) onethird) onefourth...I. "or now) we
start with the cardina! nu#bers. +e wi!! wor2 with ordina! nu#bers and fractions !ater.
Nu"bers 8 tru 8B
In Moroccan Arabic) there are two wa-s to co#bine the nu#bers 1 thru 1( with an ob/ect. +e
so#eti#es use the ,fu!!. or nor#a! for# of the nu#ber) and so#eti#es we use a ,short. for# of the
nu#ber. 9ere is a tab!e !isting the fu!! for# of nu#bers 1 thru 1( and the short for# of nu#bers 1 thru
1(.
&ull &orms Short &orms
one (masc)
wad Fh I I
one (fem)
wda 'Fh I I
two
%u% J I I
three
tlata 4m*m tlt K/m
four
rb $a 4IE rb $ tE
fi(e
xmsa 4+5n xms f5n
si5
stta 4; (6 stt K
(
6
se(en
sb $a 4I16 sb $ t16
eight
tmnya 475m tmn >5m
nine
ts $ud I+m ts $ t+m
ten
$ra '%@0 $r %@0
99 Moroccan Arab$c
"or the nu#bers 1 thru 1() we co#bine the full form of a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE
number (full form) + d () + plural noun with definite article
"or the nu#bers 1 thru 1() we co#bine the short form of a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE
number (short form) + plural noun (no definite article)
Eight boo%s (using full form)
tmnya d lktub 475m ;.,
'i(e dirhams (using full form)
xmsa d ddrahm 4+5n -gF,
'i(e dirhams (using short form)
xms drahm f5n -g
The nu#bers one and two have so#e specia! Gua!ities.
The nu#ber one Hwad/wdaI differs fro# a!! other nu#bers because in Arabic) it acts
!i2e an ad/ective. This #eans that it co#es after a noun) !i2e other ad/ectives) and that it
#ust agree in gender with the noun) !i2e other ad/ectives.
one boo% (boo% is masc)
ktab wad ;B Fh
one girl (girl is fem)
bnt wda K7E 'Fh
So#eti#es) -ou #a- hear wad Hnot wdaI used before a noun. In this case) it is not acting as a
nu#ber) but rather as an indefinite artic!e H!i2e the 4ng!ish ,a. or ,an.I. &on@t worr- about it now) /ust
be aware of it.
a boo%
wad lktab Fh ;.,
a girl
wad lbnt Fh K71,
The nu#ber two HjujI can be used as a fu!! or short for# with p!ura! nouns.
two boo%s
%u% d lktub J ;.,
two boo%s
%u% ktub J ;B
9owever) when two is part of a co#pound nu#ber Has in twent-twoI) a different for# is used. 9ere)
we use the for# tnayn H>7 mI. This wi!! be shown in the section on nu#bers fro# 6( thru %%.
Dual noun forms
In 4ng!ish) nouns have a singu!ar and a p!ura! for#. In Arabic) nouns a!so have a singu!ar and p!ura!
for#) but a s#a!! nu#ber of nouns a!so have a dual form. The dua! for# is used for these nouns when
we refer to two of so#ething. "or nouns that have a dua! for#) therefore) we don@t use juj. The dua!
for# inc!udes the idea of ,two.. The dua! for# is usua!!- #ade b- adding ,ayn. to the end of the
singu!ar for#. In the fo!!owing tab!es) the first three e5a#p!es have dua! for#s) but the !ast two are
nor#a! and therefore use their p!ura! for#.
Singular &orm Dual &orm
day
yum C yumayn >&
C
month
hr %=8 hrayn >C%
=8
year $am 0 $amayn >&
0
But...
wPUYNZY[SOUY
MVTSR
Singular &orm "lural &orm
wee%
simana 4L56 %u% d ssimanat
J
L5+,
minute
d$i$a 4{s %u% d$ay$ J Cs
Nu"bers 88 tru 84
The nu#bers 11 thru 1% do not have a short for#. 7n!- nu#bers 1 thru 1( have a short for#.
ele(en
da }h
twel(e
tna 7v
thirteen
tlta r/m
fourteen
rb $ta rIE
fifteen
xmsta r+5n
si5teen
stta r
(
6
se(enteen
sb $ta rI16
eighteen
tmnta r75m
nineteen
ts $ta rI+m
"or nu#bers 11 thru 1%) we can co#bine a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE
number + + singular noun (no definite article)
si5teen years
stta r $am r
(
6 0
si5teen years stta l $am r
(
6 0
eighteen girls
tmnta r bnt r75m K7E
eighteen girls
tmnta l bnt r75m K7E
Nu"bers 9BD 3BD #B 111 44
"or a #u!tip!e of ten H6() 1() =( etc.I in Arabic) we si#p!- use the na#e for that nu#ber) !i2e in
4ng!ish. "or nu#bers such as 61) 66) or 61) however) it is not !i2e 4ng!ish. In Arabic) the ,ones. digit is
pronounced first) fo!!owed b- the word ,and). then fo!!owed b- the ,tens. digit. "or e5a#p!e) in Arabic
the nu#ber 61 is !itera!!- ,one and twent-. whi!e the nu#ber =7 is !itera!!- ,seven and fort-.. A!so)
re#e#ber that for the nu#bers 66) 16) =6) 56) <6) 76) 6) and %6) we do not use juj. ?ather) we use
tnayn. 9ere is a !ist of the #u!tip!es of ten) with e5a#p!es of nu#bers between each #u!tip!eE
twenty $rin >C%@0
twentyone
literally6 one and twenty
wad u $rin Fh >C%@0
twentytwo
literally6 two and twenty
?emember6 tnayn, not juj
tnayn u $rin >7 m >C%@0
r HI
or
! HI
Yes the singular!
In Arabic, the plural
form is only used for
numbers 2 thru 10.
The singular is used
for eerything else!
9# Moroccan Arab$c
twentythree
literally6 three and twenty
tlata u $rin 4m*m >C%@0
twentyfour rb $a u $rin 4IE >C%@0
thirty
tlatin >m*m
thirtyone
wad u tlatin Fh >m*m
thirtytwo
tnayn u tlatin >7 m >m*m
thirtythree
tlata u tlatin 4m*m >m*m
forty rb $in >IE
fortyone wad u rb $in Fh >IE
fortytwo tnayn u rb $in >7 m >IE
fifty
xmsin >+5n
si5ty
sttin >; (6
se(enty sb $in >I16
eighty
tmanin >L5m
ninety ts $in >I+m
ninetynine ts $ud u ts $in I+m >I+m
"or nu#bers 6( thru %%) we can co#bine a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE
number + singular noun (no definite article)
fortytwo years tnayn u rb $in $am >7 m >IE 0
ninety dirhams
ts $in drhm >I+m -g
thirtyeight boo%s
tmnya u tlatin ktab 475m >m*m ;B
Nu"bers 8BBD 9BBD 3BB 111 444
The Arabic word for 1(( is miya. "or 6(() there is a dua! for# of miyatayn. "or 1(( thru %(() we use
the short for# of the nu#bers 1 thru % p!us miya. "or nu#bers such as 1(7 or 657) we wi!! use the
appropriate #u!tip!e of 1(( fo!!owed b- the word ,and. and then the rest of the nu#ber. So#e
e5a#p!esE
one hundred
miya 4
(
&
one hundred one
literally6 one hundred and one
miya u wad 4
(
& Fh
one hundred two
literally6 one hundred and two
miya u %u% 4
(
& J
one hundred ten
literally6 one hundred and ten
miya u $ra 4
(
& '%@0
one hundred ele(en
miya u da 4
(
& }h
one hundred twentyone
literally6 one hundred and one and
twenty
miya u wad u $rin 4
(
& Fh >C%@0
one hundred twentytwo
literally6 one hundred and two and
twenty
miya u tnayn u $rin 4
(
& >7 m >C%@0
one hundred ninetynine
miya u ts $ud u ts $in 4
(
& I+m >I+m
two hundred
miyatayn >;
i
&
two hundred fiftyse(en
literally6 two hundred and se(en
and fifty
miyatayn u sb $a u
xmsin
>;
i
& 4I16 >+5n
three hundred
tlt miya K/m 4
(
&
three hundred fortyfi(e
literally6 three hundred and fi(e and
forty
tlt miya u xmsa u rb
$in
K/m 4
(
& 4+5n >IE
four hundred
rb $ miya tE 4
(
&
fi(e hundred
xms miya f5n 4
(
&
si5 hundred
stt miya K
(
6 4
(
&
se(en hundred
sb $ miya t16 4
(
&
eight hundred
tmn miya >5m 4
(
&
nine hundred
ts $ miya t+m 4
(
&
nine hundred ninetynine
ts $ miya u ts $ud u ts
$in
t+m 4
(
& I+m >I+m
Exact #u!tip!es of 1(( H1(() 1(() =(() etc. > not 117 or 67I are co#bined with a noun !i2e thisE
number + t () + singular noun
four hundred chairs
rb $ miyat kursi tE 4
(
& <6%B
)
si5 hundred ryal
stt miyat ryal K
(
6 4
(
& C
But when a nu#ber between 1(( and %%% is not an e5act #u!tip!e of 1(( He.g. 1<7) =%6) 5(=I) we
co#bine the nu#ber with a noun according to the ru!e for the fina! digits of the nu#ber.
<J> boo%s (use the rule for >)
miya u xmsa d lktub 4
(
& 4+5n ;.,
K<= boo%s (use the rule for <=)
miyatayn u rb $ta r
ktab
>;
i
& rIE ;B
@>L boo%s (use the rule for >L)
stt miya u sb $a u xmsin
ktab
K
(
6 4
(
& 4I16 >+5n ;B
Exercise: Match the nu#ber with the correct Arabic translation.
<MM miya u ts $ud u rb $in 4
& I+m >IE

K
ts $ud u sttin I+m >; (6
<<
miya u stta u xmsin 4
(
& 4; (6 >+5n
<=M
xmsa u sb $in 4+5n >I16
<AL miya u ts $ud u ts $in 4
(
& I+m >I+m
L>
da }h
9/ Moroccan Arab$c
@M miya u sb $a u tlatin 4
(
& 4I16 >m*m
<>@
%u% J
Nu"bers 8BBBD 9BBBD 3BBB 111
The word for ,thousand. has the singu!ar for# alf) the dua! for# alfayn) and the p!ura! for# alaf.
The p!ura! for# is used with the short for# of the nu#bers 1 thru 1( fro# ,1. thousand to ,1(.
thousand. Then we return to the singu!ar for# H!i2e we do for a!! Arabic nounsI. Li2e the word for
,hundred). it is fo!!owed b- ,and. when the nu#ber is not an e5act #u!tip!e of 1((( He.g. 1(67 or
=71I. "ro# 1((( onwardE
one thousand
alf A,
one thousand one
alf u wad A, Fh
one thousand fifteen
alf u xmsta A, r+5n
one thousand three hundred
si5tyse(en (literally6 one
thousand and three hundred and
se(en and si5ty)
alf u tlt miya u sb $a
u sttin
A, K/m 4
(
& 4I16 >; (6
two thousand
alfayn >l,
two thousand twentytwo
alfayn u tnayn u
$rin
>l, >7 m >C%@0
three thousand
tlt alaf K/m D
three thousand se(en
hundred and fifty
tlt alaf u sb $ miya u
xmsin
K/m D t16 4
(
& >+5n
four thousand rb $ alaf tE D
fi(e thousand
xms alaf f5n D
si5 thousand
stt alaf K
(
6 D
se(en thousand sb $ alaf t16 D
eight thousand
tmn alaf >5m D
nine thousand ts $ alaf t+m D
nine thousand nine hundred
ninetynine
ts $ alaf u ts $ miya u
ts $ud u ts $in
t+m D t+m 4
(
& I+m
>I+m
ten thousand $r alaf %@0 D
ele(en thousand
da r alf }h A,
two hundred thousand
miyatayn alf >;
i
& A,
MMM,MMM
ts $ miya u ts $ud u
ts $in alf u ts $ miya
u ts $ud u ts $in
t+m 4
(
& I+m >I+m A,
t+m 4
(
& I+m >I+m
Exact #u!tip!es of 1((( can be co#bined with nouns in two wa-sE
number + singular noun
7r...
number + d () + plural noun with definite article
fi(e thousand boys
xms alaf wld f5n D F,
fi(e thousand boys
xms alaf d lwlad f5n D D,
$u#bers !arger than 1((( that are not e5act #u!tip!es of 1((( are co#bined with nouns according to
the ru!es for the fina! digits) as -ou saw with nu#bers that were not e5act #u!tip!es of 1((.
Ear-er Nu"bers
Singular "lural
million(s)
mlyun /& mlayn >C*&
billion(s)
mlyar /& mlayr %C*&
Exercise: (orrectl+ co#bine nu#bers with nouns b+ filling in the blan/s using
the following nu#bers and an+ necessar+ letters: 1' 2' 3' 12' 45' 655' or
1555. There #a+ be #ore than one correct answer for each.
2 d lbnat
(the girls) 71, A
dar
(house)
stilu
(pen) /;6
drhm
(dirham) -g
mutatawwi
$
((olunteer) $
; &
)
r%al
(men) J
ustad
(teacher) ;6
)
otil
(hotel) ov
)
ma"ana
(watch) 4Lj&
l $yalat
(the women) DI,
7rdinal $u#bers 8 "ractions
!rd$nal Nu"bers
"or nu#bers 1 thru 16) there is a separate for# for cardina! and ordina! nu#bers. "ro# 11 on there is
no difference between the cardina! and ordina! nu#ber.
first
lluwl
(
/,
second
tteni <L;,
third
ttalt K,;,
fourth
rrab $ tE%,
fifth
lxams f&3,
si5th
ssat ssads +, / +,
se(enth
ssab $ tE+,
eighth
ttamn >&;,
93 Moroccan Arab$c
ninth
ttas $ t6;,
tenth
l $ar %8I,
ele(enth
lad yG,
twelfth
ttan yLr,
7rdina! nu#bers act !i2e ad/ectives) and therefore #ust agree in gender and nu#ber with the noun
the- describe. Listed are the #ascu!ine singu!ar for#s. To #a2e the fe#inine for#) add a H'I to the
ordina! nu#ber. To #a2e it p!ura!) add in H>CI.
'asculine &eminine "lural
first
lluwl lluwla lluwlin
/, 4,/, >,/,
third
ttalt ttalta ttaltin
K,;, 4;,;, >;,;,
@ract$ons
half
ns L
third
tulut K/
)
m )
fourth rubu $ rb $ tE
)
)
/ tE
Ti#e
To e5press ti#e) we use the de#onstrative pronoun hadi and the appropriate nu#ber with the definite
article Hsee page 1=7 for #ore info on the definite artic!eI. This #eans that for 1E(() 5E(() 1(E(() and
11E(() we wi!! use the !etter l HI before the nu#ber) whi!e for the others) we wi!! doub!e the first
consonant.
one
lwda 'Fh, se(en
ssb $a 4I1+,
two
%%u% , eight
ttmnya 475;,
three
ttlata 4m*;, nine
tts $ud I+;,
four
rrb $a 4IE%, ten
l $ra '%@I,
fi(e
lxmsa 4+53, ele(en
lda }G,
si5
sstta 4; (+, twel(e
ttna 7r,
Li2e in 4ng!ish) Arabic uses certain words to e5press things !i2e ,Guarter to five). ,ha!f past seven). etc.
before
$l os twenty minutes
tulut K/
)
m )
and
u half
ns L
e5actly
nian @L -uarter to
lla rob D
(
)
-uarter rb $ tE fi(e minutes
$sm -s
ten minutes
$smayn >5
s
So#e e5a#p!es of as2ing and answering about ti#eE
8hat time is it9 al hadi f ssa $a? G8 Fg 940+,
.t is e5actly one o$cloc%
hadi lwda nian.
Fg 'Fh, @L
.t is fi(e minutes past two
hadi %%u% u $sm.
Fg , -s
.t is ten minutes past three
hadi ttlata u $smayn.
Fg 4m*;, >5
s
.t is a -uarter past four hadi rrb $a u rb $. Fg 4IE%, tE
.t is twenty minutes past fi(e
hadi lxmsa u tulut.
Fg 4+53, K/
)
m )
.t is twentyfi(e minutes past si5
hadi sstta u xmsa u
$rin.
Fg 4; (+, 4+5n >C%@0
.t is se(en thirty hadi ssb $a u ns. Fg 4I1+, L
.t is eight thirtyfi(e
hadi tmnya u xmsa u
tlatin.
Fg 475;, 4+5n >m*m
.t is twenty minutes to nine
hadi tts $ud $l tulut.
Fg I+;, os K/
)
m )
.t is a -uarter to ten hadi l $ra lla rob. Fg '%@I, D
(
.t is ten minutes to ele(en

hadi lda $l $smayn.
Fg }G, os >5
s
.t is fi(e minutes to twel(e
hadi ttna $l $sm.
Fg 7r, os -s
@6AJ *)
sstta u nsd ssba 4; (+, L #1,
>6<> 7) lxmsa u rb $ d l $iya 4+53, tE 4@I,
Exercise: Match the ti#es with the correct Arabic translation.
<J6AJ
lwda u $sm 'Fh, -s
<K6JJ
lda u $smayn }G, >5
s
<6J>
ttna nihan 7r, @L
K6KJ l $ra $l tulut '%@I, os K/
)
m )
<<6<J
l $ra u ns '%@I, L
M6=J
%%u% u tulut , K/
)
m )
3B Moroccan Arab$c
Exercise: Gie the ti#e in Arabic for each cloc/ or watch.

Getting Started Shopping
convert between dirhams, ryals, and franks
buy items you need from a store
use the verb b a in simple sentences to indicate a desire
indicate the presence or absence or someone or something with kayn
Mone+
lflus /l,
+hen converting r-a!s to dirha#s) divide b- 6(.
e.g. 1(( r-a!sE 1(( F 6( Q 5 &9.
"ro# fran2s to r-a!s) divide b- 5. "or e5a#p!e) 6(( fran2s F 5 Q =( r-a!s.
"ro# fran2s to dirha#s) divide b- 1((. "or e5a#p!e) 6(( fran2s F 1(( Q 6 &9.
"ro# r-a!s to dirha#s) divide b- 6(. "or e5a#p!e) =( r-a!s F 6( Q 6 &9.
"ro# r-a!s to fran2s) #u!tip!- b- 5. "or e5a#p!e) =( r-a!s G 5 Q 6(( fran2s.
"ro# dirha#s to r-a!s) #u!tip!- b- 6(. "or e5a#p!e) 6 &9 G 6( Q =( r-a!s.
"ro# dirha#s to fran2s) #u!tip!- b- 1((. "or e5a#p!e) 6 &9 G 1(( Q 6(( fran2s.
Exercise: (onert the #one+ a#ounts.
1. *onvert to dirha#s
15 r-a! 15( r-a! 1<5 r-a! 67( r-a! 555 r-a!
6. *onvert to r-a!s
1(R &9 1( &9 65 &9 165 &9 1% &9
1(( fran2 6( r-a! 1 dirha#
5
5
1((
1((
6(
6(
39 Moroccan Arab$c
At the 9anoot
'ocabulary
store
anut Lh peanuts
kaw kaw B B
store %eeper
mul lanut & LG, almonds
llu& /,
soda
lmonada L5, bottle
l$r $a 40%{,
chocolate
klat *.@, bottle of water
$r $a d lma 40%s 5,
candies
llwa '/G, Nleene5
kliniks f.7 / B
gum
lmska 4.+5, toilet paper
66a6iyi
%inik
<
:7J
coo%ies
lbiskwi .+1
, tooth paste
dontifris fC%l; L
Euice l $asir %I
, soap
ssabun E,
bread
lxub& k13) , shampoo
am6wan 15@ ,
Eam
lkonfitur ;l7.
)
, detergent
tid Fm
butter
&&bda 'FEk, bleach
%a;el oJ
eggs
lbid z1, batteries
l%rat d
rradyu
%G,
C%,
yogurt
danon L ra"or
rra&war %,
mil%
llib ~/G, tobacco store
ssaka 4B,
coffee
l$hwa '={, cigarettes
l"arru
(
j,
tea
atay m pac%age(s)
bakiya't( 4BE / .E
sugar
sskkar %.
i
+,
cheese
lfrma% &%l, money
lflus /l,
oil
&&it KCk, change
ssrf %,
5.press$ons
Ho you ha(e 9 we $ndk ... ? F70 111 9
Ges, . do (ha(e) iyeh, $ndi. HCx F70
:o, . don$t (ha(e) lla, ma $ndi. D & yCF70
.s there 9
we kayn ... ? >CB 111 9
Ges, there is (masc)
iyeh, kayn mu%ud HCx >CB / J&
Ges, there is (fem)
iyeh, kayna mu%uda HCx 47CB / 'J&
:o, there isn$t (masc)
lla, makayn. D & y7CB
:o, there isn$t (fem)
lla, makayna. D 7CB&
2i(e me please $tini ... $afak. <7r0 111 l0
8hat do you want ma$am / sir9
nu b)iti a lallasidi? 78 <;pE *,
/ 9F6
;ow much9
bal? G@E
Ho you ha(e change9
we $ndk ssrf? F70 9%,
Ho you ha(e change for 9
we $ndk ssrf dyal..? F70 %, C 111 9
Liter
liter
itru %mx
O liter rubu $ itru tE
)
)
%mx
P liter
nsitru L %mx
< liter
wad itru Fh %mx
K liters
%u% itru J %mx
. want P a liter of mil%
b)it nsitru d llib.
KpE L %mx ~/G,
0$alo-ue
<arla: ssalamu $alaykum.

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 DB6
mul lanut: wa $alaykum ssalam.
nu b)iti a lalla?
-.
)
/
0 1 78 *+
, <;pE 9*
(
,
& LG, 6
<arla: we $ndk klat?
F70 9*.8 DB6
mul lanut: iyeh, mu%ud a lalla.
HCx J& *
(
,
& LG, 6
<arla: $tini %u% bakiyat.
bal?
<7r0 J 1 9G@E .E
DB6
mul lanut: tna l drhm.
7v -g & LG, 6
<arla: hak, barak llah u fik.
g
E H/, :? DB6
mul lanut: bla %mil
*E o5J & LG, 6
0. feen kayna <arla?
< >? 47CB 9DB
1. we rat llib?
K %8 9~/G,
2. nu rat mn lanut?
A 78 %8 >& 9LG,
=. al mn bakiya?
= G8 >& 94.E
>. bal?
> 9G@E
:erb *to want,
In Moroccan Arabic) the verb ,to want. is ba HpEI. This verb uses the past tense but has a present
tense #eaning. +hen con/ugated in the present tense) ba #eans ,to !i2e. Hsee page %<I.
. want
b)it KpE
3# Moroccan Arab$c
you want (sing)
b)iti <;pE
he wants
b)a pE
she wants
b)at pE
we want
b)ina 7pE
you want (plur)
b)itu ;pE
they want
b)au pE
'erb H Noun 5.a"ples
. want tea
b)it atay.
KpE m
Ho you want coffee with sugar9
we b)iti l$hwa b skkar? <;pE '={, 9%.
i
+,
*li wants a glass of water
Ali b)a kas d lma.
</0 pE B 5,
Hriss and 'atima don$t want
soda
3riss u +atima mab)au
lmonada.
fC 45v ? & pE L5,
Exercise: Ma/e as #an+ sentences as +ou can.
e.g. Hicham ba kuka.
7i5ham
@g
b"it
KpE
atay
m
hiya
<
g
b)a
pE
llib
~/G,
+atima
45v ?
b)au
pE
lwa b klat
'/h *.@,
huwa

g )
b)at
pE
l$hwa
'={,
huma
5g )
b)iti
<;pE
$asir llimun
%0 5/,
ana
L
b)ina
7pE
$hwa bla skkar
'=s *E %.
(
6
na
7h
b)itu
;pE
kuka
BB
ntuma
5; )L
nta
K
L
nti
K L
E$sten$n- 5.erc$se
"arsun: ssalamu $alaykum.
)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 66
Amy, Ja5k,
? Chris:
wa $alaykum ssalam.

-.
)
/
0 *+
,
<5C J
fC%B6
"arsun: a b lxatr? ~h 9%v3, 66
Ja5k: ana b)it $asir llimun.
L KpE %0 5/, J6
"arsun: waxxa a sidi, u nta? n(
F6 9K
L 66
Chris: ana b)it $hwa nsns.
L KpE '=s L L fC%B6
"arsun: waxxa a sidi, u nti? n(
F6 9K L 66
Amy: b)it $hwa kla.
KpE '=s 4/GB <5C6
"arsun:
mrba, $la rras u l $in. 1h%& /0 %, >I, 66
0. nu b)a Ja5k?
< 78 pE 9J
1. we Amy b)at lib sxun?
K <5C pE ~/h 936
2. nu b)a Chris?
A 78 pE 9fC%B
;a+n for *There is,
The words kayn) kayna) and kaynin are actua!!- the particip!es for the verb ,to be.. In &ari/a)
however) we use the# #ost often in the sense of ,there is. or ,there are..
Affirmative
there is (masc sing)
kayn >CB
there is (fem sing)
kayna 47CB
there are (plur)
kaynin >7CB
Negative
there is not (masc sing)
makayn & y7CB
there is not (fem sing)
makayna & 7CB
there are not (plur)
makaynin & y77CB
Hriss is at home
kayn 3riss f ddar.
>CB fC F,
.s there water in the bottle9 we kayn lma f l$r $a? >CB 5, 940%{,
0om is not at the cafQ
makayn ,om f l$hwa.
& y7CB v '={,
0here is food in the fridge
kayna lmakla f ttla%a.
47CB 4/B5, 4J*;,
0here are many boo%s on the
table
kaynin b&&af d lktub fu$
tbla.
>7CB k
(
E ~; )., ? 4/1r,
"a#il+
describe family members
use the verb to have in simple sentences
Cultural Points
"a#i!- ties are ver- strong in Morocco. *hi!dren re#ain in touch or !ive with the fa#i!- even if
the- get #arried Hta2ing into consideration space avai!ab!e within the houseI. Men are not e5pected to
he!p in the 2itchen. ?o!es of #en and wo#en #a- differ in the cit- and in the countr-.
"a#il+ Me#bers
'ocabulary
woman/wife
mra %& inlaw(s)
nsib nsab ~+L / +L
man/husband
ra%l oJ stepson
rbib ~E
girl/daughter
bnt K7E stepdaughter
rbiba 41E
boy/son
wld F, grandfather
%dd F
(
J
girls/daughters
bnat 7E grandmother
%dda 'F
(
J
boys/sons/
children
wlad D uncle (paternal)
$mm -
(
0
the parents
lwalidin >CF, , aunt (paternal) $mma 45
(
0
uncle (maternal)
xal n
the father
l*ab

These forms are
rarely used in
!oroccan Arabic.
"ometimes they
are used #ith
$dyal.% !ore often,
#e use the forms
$my father, $my
sister,% etc.
aunt (maternal)
xala 4,n
the mother
l*om
)

my nephew
(brother$s side)
wld xuya F, Cn
the brother
l*ax !

my niece
(brother$s side)
bnt xuya K7E Cn
the sister
l*oxt Kn
)

my nephew
(sister$s side)
wld xti F, <;n
my niece
(sister$s side)
bnt xti K7E <;n
(my) brother
xu'ya( Cn
my cousin (mas,
paternal)
wld $mm't(i
F,
/ <;5
(
0 <5
(
0
brothers/ siblings
xut n
my cousin (mas,
maternal)
wld xal't(i
F,
/ <;,n <,n
(my) sister
xt'i( <;n
my cousin
(fem, paternal)
bnt $mm't(i
K7E
/ <;5
(
0 <5
(
0
sisters
xwatat m
n
my cousin
(fem, maternal)
bnt xal't(i
K7E
/ <;,n <,n
"or ,father) #other) brother) sister) aunt) and unc!e). the word is a!#ost a!wa-s used with a possessive
pronoun. Thus) we sa- ,#- father. or ,his #other. or ,-our brother). but rare!- ever use the# a!one.
The words ,brother) sister) aunt) and unc!e. ta2e the possessive pronoun endings -ou a!read- !earned
Hsee page I) but ,father. and ,#other. have a coup!e irregu!arities.
my father
bba E
( my mother
mmi <&
(
your father
bbak E
( your mother
mmk :&
(
his father
bbah E
( his mother
mmu &
(
her father
bbaha gE
( her mother
mha =&
Exercise: Add the possessie endings to the following:
sister
xt Kn
brother
xu n
uncle
$mm -
(
0
aunt $mma 45
(
0
5.press$ons
;ow is )ohamed related to
you9
a kay%eek Mohamed? :B
9F5G
&
)
;ow is *mina related to you9
a kat%eek Amina? :;B
947&
)y mom doesn$t wor%
mmi maxddama.
<&
(
& &F
(
n
)y mom and dad are di(orced
bba u mmi mtll$in.
E
(
<&
(
>{/
(
r&
. ha(e two twin siblings
$ndi %u% xut twam.
F70 J n m
;ow many siblings do you
ha(e9
al d lxut $ndk? G8 3, 9F70
;ow many sisters do you ha(e9 al mn oxt $ndk? G8 >& Kn
)
9F70
8hat$s your father$s name9
nu smit bbak? 78 456 9E
(
;ow old is your brother9 al f $mr xuk? G8 %50 9n
. ha(e a younger brother $ndi xuya s)r mnni. F70 Cn %p2 <7 (&
)y (male) cousin and . are the
same age
ana u wld $mmi $d $d. L F, <5
(
0 Fs Fs
)y older sister is a teacher
xti lli kbr mnni ustada.
<;n </, %1B <7 (& ';6
)
)y younger brother goes to

school
xuya lli s)r mnni
kay$ra.
Cn </, %p2 <7 (& %{B
Exercise: %escribe the relationships between fa#il+ #e#bers for each arrow.
:erb *to hae,
The verb ,to have. $nd HF70I in the present tenseE
. ha(e
$ndi F70
you ha(e (sing)
$ndk F70
he has
$ndu F70
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
G
((
&atima
A%i%
Ahmed
Samira
'ohamed )ouness
*achid
+arima
e5E 1. "ati#a SSSSSS Sa#ira.
(,
(-
33 Moroccan Arab$c
she has
$ndha gF70
we ha(e
$ndna LF70
you ha(e (plur)
$ndkum -B
)
F70
they ha(e
$ndhum -g ) F70
)oha and 'atima ha(e two
daughters and a son
Moha u +atima $ndhum %u%
bnat u wld.
h& 45v ? -g ) F70 J 7E
F,
8e ha(e a good teacher
$ndna ustad m&yan.
LF70 ;6
)
Ck&
To negate the verb) use ma ... H & 111 I.
Ho you ha(e a house in
)orocco9
we $ndk dar f lm)rib? F70 9%
p5,
:o, . don$t . ha(e a house in
the B,
lla, ma $ndi. $ndi dar
f mirikan.
D & 1 F70 yCF70 .C%&
Exercise: Put the erb *nd, in the correct for#.
0. xti ::::::::: 1= $am.
<;n ________ 9# 0
1. xuya ::::::::: 1 wlad.
Cn ________ 9 D
2. na ::::::::: wld u tlata d
lbnat.
7h ________ F, 4m*m 71,
=. huma ::::::::: famila kbira.
5g ) ________ *&? '%1B
>. we Mohamed ::::::::: tomobil? F5G
&
)
________ 9oE&v
@. lla, :::::::::.
D ________
Exercise: Put sentences A thru I in the correct order for this letter fro# ;ari# to
To#.
sabi ,om,
<1h2 v
b)itini nhdr lik $la lfamila dyali?
<7;pE %}=L :, /0 *&l, 9<,C
A. bba smitu Ali.
E
;56 </0 *
A. mmi $ndha )ir >1 $am.
<&
(
gF70 %| <9 0 3
C.
7assan $ndu 0> $am u Mohamed $ndu
1B $am.
>+
F70 8< 0 F5G
&
)
F70 9B 0 C
3.
'kaysknu m $ana f ddar( welakin
xti m&uw%a.
( 7.+B
7I
& 7 >.,
F, <;n 4J
(
k& H
C.
ra%lha smitu Moha. $ndhum wad
lbnt smitha Dadia.
=/J ;56 1 -g ) F70 h& Fh K71, =;56
4CL
E
+. $ndoo 1@ $am.
F70 9/ 0 '
E. smitha 7akima
=;56 45.h
2
7. $ndi %u% xut.
F70 J n ;
F. ana deba xalG
L E
n R .
hdr liya $la lfamila dyalk ta nta.
%}g
(
, /0 *&l, :,C ;h K
L
sabk, <arim
:1h2 -C%B
Pract$ce Te.t
smiti John. baba smitu -te6hen u
mama smitha Judy. $ndi tlata d
lxut: %u% bnat u wld. xuya smitu
Arian. huwa xddam f wad arika.
xti <athy. m&uw%a u $ndha %oo%
drari: wld u bnt. lwld ma&al s)ir
$ndu tlt hur. lbnt $ndha tmn snin u
katmi l lmdrasa. xti s9s)ira,
Mary, ma&al kat$ra f l%ami $a.
<;56 1 EE J ;56 >l;6 && =;56 1J
F70 4m*m I J 3, 7E 1 Cn F, ;56 1C%E
g ) F
(
n Fh 1 <;n 4B%
@ , 1 4J
(
k& <B gF70
J I F, 1 F,, K7E & %p2 F70 K/m
1 K71, =8 gF70 >5m >76 <@5;B
146
F5,
<;n '%p, & & %{;B
4I& ,
0. bat John, nu smitu?
< E J 78 9;56
1. u mmu, nu smitha?
K &
(
78 9=;56
2. al d lxut $nd John? A G8 3, F70 9J
=. kun ss)ir f l $a*ila d John? = .8 %p, 4/I, 9J
>. we bnt xt John xddama?
> K7E Kn J 94&F
(
n
%irections
use prepositions to describe the locations of objects
give and receive directions to places around town
Prepositions
to / for
l until
tta l ; (h
in / at
f abo(e / on
fu$ ?
from
mn >& below / under
tt KGm
with (someone) m $a t
& in front of
$ddam F
(
s
with / by / by
means of
b facing
m$abl m $a oE{& t
&
without
bla *E behind
mura &
on / about $la /0 ne5t to
da Fh
between
bin >E before
$bl o1s
of, belonging to
d dyal / C after
b $d FIE
Exercise: fin l/ora<
1 2
lk!"a fu# ssndu#.
'%.
)
, ? F7, .
$ % &
=
2ora
'%B
)
snduG
F72
Peace Corps / Morocco #8
%irections
'ocabulary
hotel
lotil ov,
hospital /
health center
ssbitar r1+,
post office
lbosta 4r61, pharmacy
lfrmasyan +&
%l,
train station
la"ar D mos-ue %%am $ t&,
bus station
lmatta d
lkiran
4r
(
G5
,
%.,
public phone
ttelebutik :m1/;,
city bus stop
lmatta d
ttubisat
4r
(
G5
,
+Er,
store
lanut LG,
ban%
lbanka 4.71
, a(enue ari $ $
@,
public bath
lmmam 5
(
G, street
&&n$a 4{Lk,
restaurant
rristora 'r+C%, alley
ddrb F,
cafQ
l$hwa '={, far (from) b $id 'mn( FIE 6 >& )
cyber cafQ
ssiber %1+, close (to)
$rib 'mn(
~C%s 6 >& )
school
lmdrasa 46
F5, here
hna 7g
wee%ly mar%et
ssu$ +, there
tmma 5
(
m
5.press$ons
8here is please9
fin kayn'a( ... $afak.
>? 111 7 6 l0 ' >CB
.s there a close9
we kayn'a( i ...
$rib'a(?
7 6 <8 ' >CB 7 6 111 9 ' ~C%s
2o straight
sir nian.
%6 @L
0urn right dur $l limn. o0 >5,
0urn left dur $l lisr. o0 %+,
2o ahead a bit
&id wiya l $ddam.
FC 4C8 F
(
{,
7ass the first street
fut &&n$a lluwla.
? 4{Lk, 4,/,
0he K
nd
street, yes
&&n$a tenya iyeh.
4{Lk, 4L;, HCx
#9 Moroccan Arab$c
0$alo-ue
Jason u Arahim f lmatta d lkiran.
+CJ -g%E 4r
(
G5
, %.,
Jason: ssalamu $alaykum.

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 +CJ6
Arahim: wa $alaykum ssalam.
-.
)
/
0 *+
, -g%E6
Jason: fin la"ar $afak? >? D 9l0 +CJ6
Arahim: sir nian tta l &&n$a
ttalta u dur $l lisr, u
mn b $d &id nian tta l
lbar u dur $l limn.
tmma la"ar.
%6 @L ; (h 4{Lk, 4;,;,
o0 %+, >& FIE FC @L
; (h 1, o0 1 5
(
m >5, D
-g%E6
Jason: barak llah u fik.

E H/, :? +CJ6
Arahim: kattkllm l $rbiya m&yanG
-/
(
.; (B
4E%I, Ck& R -g%E6

Jason: wiya u safi.
4C8 <?2 +CJ6
Arahim: we nta fransawi? K
L 9+L%
?
-g%E6
Jason: lla, ana mirikani. lla
yhnnik.
D L 1 H/, <L.C%& :7 (=C
+CJ6
Arahim: bslama.
4&*+, -g%E6
Exercise: !sing the sa#e #ap' gie each person directions.
1. &ave is in the sbita" and wants to go to lb!sta .
6. Anna is in the matta and wants to go to l!til .
1. Stephen is in the ma"i and wants to go to ssibe".
=. 9a2i# is in the anut and wants to go to lmmam.
Past Eents
talk about past activities with regular and irregular verbs
talk about what you did not do using negative sentences
ask about past experiences (Have you ever...) and respond (Ive never...)
use object pronouns with verbs
ask varied questions with different question words
Ti#e :ocabular+
Before we begin the past tense) !et@s !earn so#e words that wi!! he!p us describe when past events too2
p!ace. Then we wi!! be read- to ta!2 about so#e of our past activities.
0ays of te %ee=
day
yum nhar C / =L 0uesday
ttlat
*, 6 *;, )
wee%
simana 4L56 8ednesday
larb $
IE 6 tE%, )
,unday
ldd
Fh 6 F
(
G, ) 0hursday
lxmis f53,
)onday
ltnin
>7m 6 >7;, ) 'riday
%%m $a 4I5,
,aturday
ssbt K1+,
Monts of te Year
month
hr %=8 Dune
yunyu LC
year $am 0 Duly
yulyu& ,C
Danuary
yanayr %C7C
*ugust
)ut K@| )
'ebruary
fbrayr %C%1? ,eptember
utnbir %1
7;8)
)arch
mars & Sctober
oktobr %E;B
)
*pril
abril oC%E :o(ember
nuwanbir %1
L )
)ay
may & Hecember
du%anbir %1
7J
)
Te Seasons
season
fasl o?
summer
ssif A,
seasons
fosul ? )
fall
lxrif AC%3,
spring
rrbi $ tE%, winter
ta ;@,
T$"e 5.press$ons
this year had l $am Fg I,
last year l $am lli fat I, </, ?
last month
hr lli fat %=@, </, ?
last wee%
ssimana lli fatt 4L5+, </,
(
?
yesterday
lbar #1,
today
lyum ,
on (T day of the wee%)
nhar
=L
"or infor#ation about the #onths of the Is!a#ic ca!endar and so#e of the #a/or re!igious events of
the -ear) see ,Moroccan 9o!ida-s. on page 1<(.
## Moroccan Arab$c
on 'riday
nhar %%m $a =L 4I5,
in (T month)
f hr
%=8
in *ugust
f hr )ut
f hr tmnya
%=8 K@| )
%=8 475m
at (T time)
f
at M6JJ f tts $ud I+;,
at dawn
f lf%r %l,
in the morning
f ssba #1,
in the afternoon / e(ening f l $iya 4@I,
at night
f llil o/,
at midnight
f nsllil L o/,
Past Tense = >egular :erbs
'erbs $n ,eneral
+hen !earning verbs in a foreign !anguage) we usua!!- !earn the ,infinitive. for# of the verb He.g. to
eatI) and then !earn how to ,con/ugate. fro# that infinitive HI eat) he eats) the- eatI. In Arabic) there
are not infinitives for verbs in this wa-. ?ather) we !earn the he form of the verb Hi.e. third person
#ascu!ine singu!arI in the past tense) and then !earn how to con/ugate the other for#s HI) -ou) she) etc.I
fro# the ,he. for#. Because we use this past tense ,he. for# like an infinitive for the purposes of
!earning verbs) if -ou see so#ething referred to as an ,infinitive). it is this for#. So#e e5a#p!esE
he dran%
rb %8
he hit
drb %
he sat
"ls f/
+henever -ou are given a new verb in this boo2 or b- -our teacher) it wi!! be given to -ou in this for#.
'ou wi!! be ab!e to con/ugate verbs in the past or present tense based upon this ,infinitive. for#.
The vast #a/orit- of &ari/a HMoroccan ArabicI verbs are #ade up of three letters Hsee the verbs aboveI.
To these ,ste#s. we can add prefi5es H!etters that we attach to the beginning of a wordI and suffi5es
H!etters we attach to the end of a wordI in order to con/ugate the verb. Ste#s with a vowe! in the #idd!e
and ste#s with a vowe! at the end wi!! differ fro# verbs with three consonants.
Ce-ular 'erbs $n te Past Tense
+hen we sa- ,regu!ar verb). we #ean a verb that is con/ugated according to ru!es that the !arge
#a/orit- of verbs in the !anguage use. An ,irregu!ar verb. is con/ugated according to different ru!es.
There are regu!ar and irregu!ar verbs for both the past and present tense in &ari/a. 9owever) irregu!ar
verbs that are si#i!ar in the past #a- be different in the present. So) -ou need to rea!iJe that the
groups of verbs categoriJed together for the past tense #a- not a!wa-s correspond to the groups in the
present tense.
In genera!) ,regu!ar verb. refers toE
A!! 1!etter verbs without the !ong vowe! ,a. H / I in the #idd!e or end position
Hi.e. 1!etter verbs #ade up on!- of consonantsI
A!! verbs with #ore than 1 !etters and not ending in ,a. H / I
To con/ugate a regu!ar verb in the past tense) we add the fo!!owing suffi5es HendingsIE
to write
ktb ~;B
. wrote
ktbt K1;B
past tense
,he. for#E
!i2e an infinitive
past tense
,he. for#E
!i2e an infinitive
?e#e#ber that
the ,infinitive. is
the sa#e as the
past tense ,he.
for#.
?e#e#ber that
the ,infinitive. is
the sa#e as the
past tense ,he.
for#.
In the past
tense, you
.masc/ and
you .0em/
are the same.
In the present
tense, they #ill
be different.
Peace Corps / Morocco #<
you wrote (masc sing)
ktbti <;1;B
you wrote (fem sing)
ktbti <;1;B
he wrote
ktb ~;B
she wrote
ktbat 1;B
we wrote
ktbna 71;B
you wrote (plur)
ktbtu ;1;B
they wrote
ktbu 1;B
So"e Ce-ular 'erbs
to drin%
rb %8 to understand
fhm -=?
to %now $rf %0 to wor%
xdm Fn
to play l $b ~I, to hit
drb %
to draw
rsm -6
to stop / stand
up
w$f As
to sleep
n $s fIL to arri(e
wsl o2
to wear
lbs f1, to hear / listen
sm $ t56
to stay / sit
"ls f/ to as%
suwl
(
6
to enter
dxl on to tra(el
safr %?6
to go out
xr% %n to help
$awn 0
to return
r% $ tJ to send
sift l2
to watch
tfrr% %
(
lm to wash
)sl o+|
to use
st $ml o5I;6 to spea%
tkllm -/
(
.m
So#e e5a#p!esE
Gesterday, . dran% tea without
sugar
lbar, rbt atay bla
skkar.
#1, KE%8 m *E %.
i
6
Fast wee%, ,aid wrote a letter to
his friend
ssimana lli fatt, -aid
ktb bra l sabu.
4L5+, </, ? FI6 ~;B %E
1h2
Fast year, we tra(eled to :ew
Gor%
l $am lli fat, safrna l
Dew Hork.
I, </, ? L%?6 CL
Exercise: Put the erbs in parentheses in the correct for#.
Mohamed: we 'n $s( bkri lbar?
7 6 %.E fIL 9#1,
F5G&6
7assan: lla
D >+h6
Mohamed: $la?
9*0
F5G&6
#/ Moroccan Arab$c
7assan: '"ls( m $a l $a*ila dyali
u 'tkllm( m $ahum wiya.
mn b $d, InaJ'xr%(.
mlli 'r% $(, 'l $b(
lkarta u 'tfrr%( f
ttlfa&a. mn b $d IanaJ
'dxl( l lbit dyali u 'n
$s(.
( 7 t
& f/ 4/I, <,C 7 6 -/

(
.m
-=
)
I
& 1 >& 4C8 FIE 17 6J K %n 7h

</
(
& 7 6 tJ 7 6 4v., ~I, 7 6 %
(
lm
1 >& 'kl/;, FIE 7 6 J K on L
K1, <,C 6 fIL )
>+h6
ldd lli fat, '$awn( xti f lku&ina:
')sl( lmma $n u 'tiyb( l)da.
F
(
G, </, ? 7 6 <;n 0 7 6 I >05
(
, o+| 47C.,
7 6 Fp, ~
(
v
Past Tense = Irregular :erbs
+hen we spea2 about irregu!ar verbs for the past tense) we refer to three categoriesE 1. three!etter verbs
with the !ong vowe! ,a. HI in the #idd!e position) 6. an- verb with the !ong vowe! ,a. H / I at the end)
and 1. two!etter verbs.
8
st
Cate-oryI lon- :owel )a* 76 $n te "$ddle pos$t$on
To con/ugate a three!etter verb in the past tense with the !ong vowe! ,a. in the #idd!e position) re#ove
the !ong vowe! ,a. for the I, you (sing.), we, and you (plur.) for#s before adding the past tense endings.
"or the she for#) on!- add a ,t.. The he and they for#s are !i2e regu!ar verbs.
to be kan B
. was knt K7B
you were (masc sing) knti <;7B
you were (fem sing) knti <;7B
he was kan B
she was kant KLB
we were knna 7 (B
you were (plur) kntu ;7B
they were kanu LB
So"e Lrre-ular 'erbs w$t lon- :owel )a* 76 $n te "$ddle pos$t$on
to see
af
8
to get up /
stand up
nad
L
to do / ma%e
dar
to throw
la
#D
to swim $am
0 to pass / pass by
da&

to sell
ba $
$E to pass
fat
?
to bring
%ab
J
to lo(e / be
dying for
mat $la
& /0
to say
"al
to increase
&ad

In these for#s) we
re#ove the #idd!e
,a. and then add the
endings.
to fast
sam
2 to be scared
xaf
n
to dri(e
sa"
2 to li(e
$a
0
So#e e5a#p!esE
0his morning . got up at L6JJ
had ssba ndt f ssb $a.
Fg #1, K}L 4I1+,
8hat did you do yesterday9
nu drti lbar? 78 <m 9#1,
8hat$s done is done (pro(erb)
lli fat mat.
</, ? &
ssimana lli fatt, ana u sabi '$am(
f la66isin.
4L5+, </,
(
? L <EG2 7 6 0 >+
(
D
-ara '$a( f mirikan $amayn.
'6 7 6 0 .C%& >&
0
nhar ssbt f l $iya, ana u sabati
'kan( f lmmam. mlli xr%na 'da&( l
l$hwa.
=L K1+, 4@I, L <mEG2 7 6 B 15
(
G,
</
(
& 7J%n 7 6 '={,
9
nd
Cate-oryI lon- :owel )a* 7 8 6 at te end
To con/ugate a verb with the !ong vowe! ,a. at the end) change the vowe! to ,i. for the I, you (sing.), we,
and you (plur.) for#s) then add the nor#a! endings. "or the she for#) on!- add a ,t.. The he and they
for#s are !i2e regu!ar verbs.
to eat kla /B
. ate klit K/B
you ate (masc sing) kliti <;/B
you ate (fem sing) kliti <;/B
he ate kla /B
she ate klat *B
we ate klina 7/B
you ate (plur) klitu ;/B
they ate klau *B
So"e Lrre-ular 'erbs w$t te lon- :owel )a* 7 8 6 at te end
to go
ma @& to rent
kra %B
to start
bda FE to run
%ra %J
to buy
ra %8 to finish
sala ,6
to sing
)nna 7 (| to ha(e lunch
t)dda F
(
pm
to gi(e
$ta r0 to ha(e dinner
t $a @( Im
to forget
nsa +L to hope
tmna 75m
to cry
bka .E to wait
tsna 7+m
to want
b)a pE to read / study
$ra %s
In these for#s) we
2eep the fina! ,a.
and then add the
endings.
In these for#s) we
change the fina! ,a.
to ,i. then add the
endings.
#3 Moroccan Arab$c
to ta%e
xda Fn to meet
tla$a s*m
to come
%a J
So#e e5a#p!esE
Fast ,unday, . went to the
medina and bought a Eellaba
ldd lli fat, mit l
lmdina u rit %llaba.
F
(
G, </, ? K@& 47CF5,
KC%8 4E*
(
J
0hey sang at the party on
,aturday
huma )nnau f lfla nhar
ssbt.
5g ) 7 (| 4/lG, =L K1+,
John u Amy 'kra( dar &wina f
Marrake5h.
J <5C 7 6 %B 47C yB%&
lbar ana u Kaul 'tla$a( m $a sabna
f rristora u 't)dda( m%mu $in.
#1, L 7 6 t
& s*m 7EG2 'r+C%, 7 6 F

(
pm
>05&
ssimana lli fatt, huma 'sala( lxdma
dyalhum f lm)rib.
4L5+, </,
(
? 5g ) 7 6 4&F3, ,6 -=
)
,C %
p5,
3
rd
Cate-oryI twoletter :erbs
+hen we sa- ,two!etter verbs). so#e confusion can arise. +hen we write the# in Arabic) the- have
on!- two !etters. 9owever) there is a ,shedda. on the second !etter Hsee pages 1 and 1=<I) so in the
transcription we doub!e the second !etter) #a2ing the# !oo2 !i2e three!etter verbs. In this case) -ou can
sti!! recogniJe the# because the second and third !etters are the sa#e. 7r) !oo2 at the Arabic script and
-ou can be sure of the fact that the- are) indeed) two!etter verbs.
To con/ugate this t-pe of verb) we add the !ong vowe! ,i. to the I, you (sing.), we, and you (plur.) for#s)
then add the nor#a! endings. The he, she, and they for#s are !i2e regu!ar verbs.
to open ll o( h
. opened llit K/
(
h
you opened (masc sing) lliti <;/
(
h
you opened (fem sing) lliti <;/
(
h
he opened ll o( h
she opened llat *
(
h
we opened llina 7/
(
h
you opened (plur) llitu ;/h
they opened llu /
(
h
VNVRROP SQ[VZ oG7, fC%s %1C o+I, pE </,.
!C!i bLa !C$s! -Csbr ! Gris nCnM!.
The one who wants honey must tolerate bee stings.
English e-ui(alent6 E(ery rose has its thorn
In these for#s) we
si#p!- add the
nor#a! endings.
In these for#s) we
add ,i. to the verb)
then add the nor#a!
endings.
A t#o&letter
erb #ith
$shedda% on
the second
letter.
So"e twoletter :erbs
to close
sdd F
(
6 to be able
$dd F
(
s
to smell
mm -
(
8 to pic% up
h&& k
(
g
to hand
mdd F
(
& to thin%
dnn >
(

to answer /
return bac%
rdd
(
to be bored
mll o( &
to pour
kbb ~
(
B to ta%e / catch
dd F
(
8
to feel
ss f
(
h to pull / drag
%rr %
(
J
to put
tt
(
h
So#e e5a#p!esE
. opened the window and .
closed the door
llit ssr%m u sddit
lbab.
K/
(
h -J%+, KCF
(
6 1,
. felt cold
ssit b lbrd.
K+
(
h %1,
lbar f ssba, Mary 'rdd( lktab l
lxi&ana.
#1, #1, & 7 6 ;.,
(
4Lk3 ,
mlli kan l $%a%, IanaJ 'sdd( ssra%m.
</
(
& B I, 7 6 J K -J%+, F
(
6 L
InaJ 'tt( lway% f lmakina d
ssabun.
U 7 6 J CG,
(
h 7h 47.5
, E,
$egation
Nor"al Ne-at$:e @or"
In order to e5press the negative of a verb Hi.e. ,didn@t). or ,don@t). or ,doesn@t.I) we add the prefi5 ma H
&I to the beginning of a verb and the suffi5 HI to the end of a verb.
8e dran%
rbna 7E%8
8e didn$t drin%
marbna & 7E%8
Exercise: (on-ugate the erbs in parentheses in the negatie for#.
huwa 'safr( ssimana lli fatt.

g ) 7 6 4L5+, %?6 </,

(
?
lbar f llil '$ra( lktab dyali it
knt $iyan.
#1, o/, 7 6 ;., %s <,C Kh K7B 0
iya '"ls( m $ana it 'sala( lxdma
dyalha.
<
g 7 6 LI& f/ Kh 7 6 4&F3, ,6 =,C

na 'n $s( bkri it 't $a( bkri.
7h 7 6 %.E fIL Kh 7 6 %.E @( Im
<ari 'lbs( lkswa %%dida f lfla it
'kan( $ndha lw$t.
B 7 6 '+., f1, 'FCF, 4/lG, Kh 7 6 gF70 B
Ks,
mlli %a l lm)rib 'sift( bra l
lwalidin dyalu.
</
(
& J %
p5, 7 6 %E Kl2 >CF, , ,C

<B Moroccan Arab$c
kant lbrd u IanaJ 'll( ssra%m.
KLB %1, 7 6 J K -J%+, o( h L
Add$t$onal Ne-at$:e @or"s
The fo!!owing negative for#s rep!ace the HI we use for the nor#a! negative for#. +e sti!! use ma H
&I before the verb) but we use these for#s after the verb or) so#eti#es) before the verb Hand thus
before maI.
nothing
walu ,
nothing
tta a%a ; (h 4Jh
nothing
tta i ; (h <8
no one
tta wad ; (h Fh
no one
'tta( dd
( 7 Fh ; (h
neither nor
la ... wala D 111 D
only / Eust
)ir %|
So#e e5a#p!esE
. %new nothing ma $rft walu. & K?%0 ,
. ate nothing
makleet tta a%a.
& K/B ; (h 4Jh
:o one came
tta wad ma%a.
; (h Fh & J
;e saw no one
maaf tta wad dd.
& 8 ; (h Fh / F
(
h
. met neither )ohamed nor
*mber
mala$it la Mohamed wala
Amber.
& KsD D F5G& D %1&
. dran% only water
marbt )ir lma.
& KE%8 %| 5,
Exercise: Put the erbs in parentheses in the proper for#.
ldd lli fat '"ls( f ddar,
'xr% ne"ati;e( $la$$a 'kan( 9ta.
f l $iya sabi '%a( u 'ma( l ssiber
b%oo%. mn b $d 'ma( l ssinima.
'af( wad l9film &win. mlli 'xr%(,
'da&( l s9su$. 'ra( lxodra. mn b
$d 'dd( tobis u 'r% $( l d9dar.
F
(
G, </, ? 7 6 f/ F, 7 6 {(G/
0 %n 7 6 B
1 ;@, 4
(
@I, <1h2 7 6 J 7 6 @& %1+, 1E
>& FIE 7 6 @& 7 6 1 Fh 8 57 +, -/l, 1 </
(
& >C
7 6 %n 7 6 1 7 6 1 >& '%}3, %8 +, FIE 7 6 F
(
8
fEr, 7 6 tJ F,
Exercise: )rite a paragraph fro# these pictures.
9ae +ou eer... 8 I?e neer...
?a:e you e:er111+
+e can use the word $mm" H%5
(
0I to e5press the 4ng!ish eGuiva!ent of the present perfect tenseE ,9ave
-ou ever...O. and ,I have never.... +e ,con/ugate. it as fo!!owsE
;a(e . e(er
we $mmri $mmrni %5
(
0 / <L%5
(
0
;a(e you (sing) e(er
we $mmrk %5
(
0
Peace Corps / Morocco <8
;as he e(er
we $mmru %5
(
0
;as she e(er
we $mmrha g%5
(
0
;a(e we e(er
we $mmrna L%5
(
0
;a(e you (plur) e(er
we $mmrkum -B
)
%5
(
0
;a(e they e(er
we $mmrhum -g ) %5
(
0
The verb that fo!!ows $mm" is often in the past tense. So#e e5a#p!esE
;a(e you e(er gone to 'rance9 we $mmrk miti l +ransa? %5
(
0 <;@& 9+L%
?
;a(e they e(er eaten couscous9
we $mmrhum klau lksksu? -g ) %5
(
0 *B 9+.+.,
;a(e you e(er drun% mint tea in
*merica9
we $mmrkum rbtu atay b nn
$na $ f mirikan?
-B
)
%5
(
0 ;E%8 m
$7I7, 9.C%&
LM:e ne:er111
This is !i2e the con/ugation above) with the addition of ma H&I at the beginning of $mm" H%5
(
0I.
. ha(e ne(er ma $mmri ma $mmrni & %5
(
0 / & <L%5
(
0
you (sing) ha(e ne(er ma $mmrk & %5
(
0
he has ne(er ma $mmru & %5
(
0
she has ne(er ma $mmrha & g%5
(
0
we ha(e ne(er ma $mmrna & L%5
(
0
you (plur) ha(e ne(er ma $mmrkum & -B
)
%5
(
0
they ha(e ne(er ma $mmrhum & -g ) %5
(
0
So#e e5a#p!esE
.$(e ne(er eaten hamburger
ma $mmrni kleet lhambor"r.
& <L%5
(
0 K/B %1&=,
,he has ne(er been abroad ma $mmrha safrat l lxari%. & g%5
(
0 %?6
3,
;e has ne(er spo%en *rabic
ma $mmru tkllm l $rbiya.
& %5
(
0 -/
(
.m 4E%I,
7b-ect Pronouns
In 4ng!ish) we have pronouns for the sub/ect of a sentenceE I) -ou) he) she) we) and the-. But we a!so
have object pronouns that we use after verbsE
He hit me. I saw her.
Ask him a question. We gave them some cake.
So far) -ou have !earned the independent pronouns Hsee page 7I and the possessive pronouns Hsee
page I. 9ere are the object pronouns that we use in Moroccan Arabic after verbsE
me
ni <7
you (sing)
k :
him / it
u h / H
her / it
ha =
us
na 7
<9 Moroccan Arab$c
you (plur)
kum -.
)

them
hum -=
)
These pronouns are the sa#e as the possessive pronouns) with the e5ception of ,#e.. The ,hi#. for#
uses u after consonants and h after vowe!s) e5act!- !i2e the possessive pronoun for#. So#e e5a#p!esE
Smar ga(e a boo% to )ohamed
$omar $ta wad l9ktab l
Mohamed.
%5
0 ) r0 Fh ;., F5G
&
)
Smar ga(e it to )ohamed

$omar $tah l Mohamed.
%5
0 ) r0 F5G
&
)
Hid you write the letter to

;assan9
we ktbti l9bra l
7assan?
<;1;B %1, 9>+h
Ges, . wrote it to ;assan
iyeh, ktbtha l 7assan.
HCx =;1;B >+h
8hy did you lea(e us with him9
$la xllitina m $ah? *0 7;/
(
n 9I&
,he saw me at the mo(ie
theater
aftni f s9sinima.
<7;?8 57+ ,
As -ou can see) these pronouns are attached directly to the verb. As a resu!t) when a verb with an ob/ect
pronoun is #ade negative) the HI is used after the pronoun. So#e e5a#p!esE
Gou saw me
ftini <7;l8
Gou didn$t see me
ma9ftini9 & y7;l8
Hid you see ;a%ima and Narim9
we fti 7akima u <arim? <;l8 45.h
9-C%B
:o, . didn$t see them

lla, ma9fthum9.
D & y5=
)
;l8
Exercise: >eplace the underlined nouns b+ the corresponding pronouns.
0. $rit dik l9%arida l9bar f ssba.
KC%s :C 'FC%
, #1, #1,
1. nsau s9sarut dyalhum f d9dar.
+L +, -=
)
,C F,
2. &rt duk n9nas f +es l9bar.
7, ? #1,
=. ddau wldhum m $ahum l s9sinima.

(
-g ) F, -g ) I& 57+ ,
>. w$$fna ffar f &9&n$a.
7ls ( l(8 4{Lk,
@. bba $awn xuk f l9sab.
E
0 n +G,
@uestion )ords
So#e of these -ou a!read- 2now. So#e wi!! be new for -ou.
who
kun .8
8ho are you9
kun nta nti? .8 K
L / 9K L
what
a nu anu / 78 / 78
8hat did you do yesterday9
nu drti l9bar? 78 <m 9#1,
which
amn >58
8hich bus did you ta%e9
amn tobis xditi? >58 fEv 9<;CFn
where
fin fayn >? / >C?
8here did you eat pi""a9
fin kliti l966it&a? >? <;/B 9k;
(
,
how
kifa lB
;ow did you get to the hotel9
kifa wslti l l9otil? lB <;/2 9ov,
0rom where
mnin >7&
8here did you come from9
mnin %iti? >7& 9<;J
when
fu$a imta s? / ;Lx
8hen did you sleep yesterday9
fu$a n $sti l9bar? s? <;+IL 9#1,
8hen did you arri(e9
imta wslti? ;Lx 9<;/2
why $la *0
8hy did you come late9 $la %iti m $ttl? *0 <;J 9or
(
I&
3ecause . didn$t get up early
$la$$a ma9ndt9 bkri.
{(G/
0 & y;}L %.E

The word mn H>&I is used after so#e prepositions to create Guestion words.
with whom
m $a mn t
& >&
8ith whom did you tra(el to
?abat9 (.n the B,6 8ho did you tra(el
to ?abat with9)
m $a mn safrti l /abat? t
& >& <m%?6 E%,

whose
dyal mn C >&
how many 1 how much
al G8
The Guestion word al HG8I #a- is fo!!owed b- either d HI or mn H>&I) depending upon the noun
fo!!owing it. 3ncountab!e nouns are nouns that do not have a p!ura! because the- spea2 about
so#ething that can be ,#easured). but not ,counted. He.g. tea) airI. *ountab!e nouns are nouns that
have p!ura! for#s and) therefore) nouns with which we use nu#bers He.g. 5 cats) 1 boo2sI. +ith alE
al + d + singular uncountable noun
or
al + d + plural countable noun
or
al + mn + singular countable noun
;ow much time9
al d l9w$t? G8 9Ks,
;ow many boo%s9
al d l9ktub? G8 9;.,
;ow many boo%s9
al mn ktab? G8 >& 9;B
In referring to prices) al is a!#ost a!wa-s preceded b- the preposition b HI.
;ow much is this shirt9
bal had l9$ami%a?
G@E Fg 45{,
;ow much did you pay for
them9
bal ritihum? G@E 9-=
)
;C%8
Exercise: )rite +our ti#e line of actiities for last Sunda+. !se the following ti#e
expressions and erbs to write as #an+ sentences as +ou can.
e.". f l9weekend t $it m $a sabi f
rristora.
FL.C, K@( Im t
& <EG2 'r+C%,

Time Expressions Verbs
f l9weekend FL.C, tfrr% %
(
lm t $a @( Im
<# Moroccan Arab$c
f s9sba bkri #1, %.E dar safr %?6
f l9$iya 4@I, $awn 0 tsnna 7 (+m
f l9lil o/, sam 2 %a J
mn b $d >& FIE kbb ~
(
B ma @&
l9dd lli fat F
(
G, </, ? d$$ ( tla$a s*m
f 'time(
6 Ks )
xaf n wsl o2
af 8 $ra %s
duw
(
tkllm -/
(
.m
lbs f1, sift Kl2
%ail+ >outines
talk about your daily activities using the present tense
use one verb after another to express complex thoughts
give commands with the imperative
Present Tense = >egular :erbs
Present Tense $n ,eneral
In Arabic) the present tense nor#a!!- e5presses both habitua! and progressive actions.
habitual action: I eat couscous every Friday.
progressive action: I am eating couscous now.
"or a s#a!! nu#ber of verbs) the present tense e5presses on!- habitua! actions Hsee page 151 for #ore
infor#ation on these verbsI.
3n!i2e the past tense) which uses on!- suffi5es HendingsI to con/ugate a verb) the present tense uses
both suffixes and prefixes. The present tense prefi5 is written with ka HB
I and another !etter Hn) t) or yI.

Present tense suffi5es Hi or uI #a- be added as we!!.
Ce-ular 'erbs $n te Present Tense
:erbs that were regu!ar in the past tense are sti!! regu!ar in the present tense. In addition to these)
twoletter verbs are also regular in the present tense. Therefore) the- wi!! be con/ugated !i2e ktb H~;BI
in the present tense. See page 51 for #ore infor#ation on twoC!etter verbs.
9ere is the con/ugation of the verb ktb in the present tense) with prefi5es and suffi5es under!inedE
to write
ktb ~;B
. write
kan9ktb ~;.7B
you write (masc sing)

kat9ktb ~;.;B
you write (fem sing)

kat9ktbi <1;.;B
he writes
kay9ktb ~;.B
she writes
kat9ktb ~;.;B
we write
kan9ktbu 1;.7B
you write (plur)

kat9ktbu 1;.;B
they write
kay9ktbu 1;.B
Q: +hat changes are brought to the verb when con/ugated in the present tenseO
These hae
di00erent
con'ugations.
In the past
tense, they
had the same
con'ugation.
Yes, these
are the
same. You
understand
the spea(er
by conte)t.
</ Moroccan Arab$c
T$"e 5.press$ons
always
dima
5C
usually
)aliban

1, |
sometimes
b $dl9mrrat
zIE %
(
5,
from time to time
mrra mrra
'%
(
& '%
(
&
once a
mrra f ...
'%
(
&
once a year
mrra f l9$am
'%
(
& I,
once a month
mrra f l9hr
'%
(
& %=@,
once a wee%
mrra f s9simana
'%
(
& 4L5+,
e(eryday
yawmiyan

(
&C
on (day of the wee%)

nhar ...
=L
on ,aturday
nhar s9sbt
=L K1+,
e(ery
kul ...
oB
)

e(ery morning
kul sba
oB
)
#12
e(ery 'riday
kul %m $a
oB
)
4I5J
now
deba
E
So#e e5a#p!esE
2reg spea%s HariEa well
Ere" kay9tkllm d9dari%a
m&yan.
C% -/
(
.;B
4J
F, Ck&
)ali%a drin%s mil% e(ery
morning
Malika kat9rb l9lib kul
sba.
4./&
%@;B
~/G, oB
)
#12
*mina and her friend tra(el to
'rance once a year
Amina u sabtha kaysafru
l fransa mrra f l9$am.
47& =;1h2 %?+B
4+L%
?
'%
(
& I,
*icha is pouring tea
Ai5ha kat9kbb atay.
4@0 ~
.;B
m
. don$t drin% coffee
ma9kan9rb9 l9$hwa.
& yE%@7B
'={,
Exercise: Answer the following sentences Abased on the exa#ples aboeB in the
negatie.
0. we Ere" kaytkllm tama&i)t m&yan?
< C% -/
(
.;B
KpC&m 9Ck&
1. we Malika katrb atay kul sba?
K 4./&
%@;B
m oB
)
9#12
2. we Amina u sabtha kaysafru l
mirikan mrra f l $am?
A 47& =;1h2 %?+B
.C%& '%
(
&
9I,
=. we Ai5ha katkbb lma?
= 4@0 ~
(
.;B
95,
Exercise: %escribe in the present tense the following actiities.
nu kaydir katdir kaydiru? 78 %CFB
/ %CF;B
/ 9%CFB
Present Tense =
Irregular :erbs with
Middle *a,
Lrre-ular 'erbs $n ,eneral
Irregu!ar verbs in the present tense are
#ore co#p!icated than in the past tense.
In the past tense) verbs with the sa#e
structure H,a. in the #idd!e) ,a. at the
endI were con/ugated the sa#e wa-. In
the present tense) verbs that !oo2 the
sa#e in their ,infinitive. for# #a- be
con/ugated different!-.
As a resu!t of this difference) in the
present tense -ou wi!! have to re#e#ber
which category of con/ugation each
irregu!ar verb be!ongs to. These categories are !isted in the diagra# to the right) and each wi!! be
shown individua!!-. The g!ossar- of verbs in the appendi5 Hsee page 1<1I a!so shows) b- e5a#p!e) how
an irregu!ar verb is con/ugated.
+e wi!! dea! with two !arge groups of irregu!ar verbsE 1C!etter verbs with a !ong vowe! ,a. in the #idd!e
and a!! verbs with a !ong vowe! ,a. at the end. +ithin each of these genera! groups) there wi!! be three
categories of different con/ugations. At ti#es) it #a- see# !i2e too #uch infor#ation to hand!e. But
Peace *orps trainees have been !earning the irregu!ar present tense for -earsF -ou@!! do great.
Practicing irregu!ar verbs with -our ho#esta- fa#i!- is one wa- to re#e#ber how each verb is
con/ugated. The #ore -ou use the verbs) the Guic2er the- wi!! ,stic2. in -our #e#or-.
"resent
Tense
2rregular
3erbs
long #owel
a at the
end
long #owel
a in
the middle
a becomes i
a becomes u
a remains a
a becomes i
a remains a
internal changes
OUY]VNSYQ V_ NYQYPU MYPQY wNNY]abON YNcQ
<3 Moroccan Arab$c
8
st
Cate-oryI Eon- )a* Aeco"es Eon- )u*
?e#e#ber) here we are dea!ing with 1C!etter verbs with a HI in the #idd!e. The !ong vowe! a HI changes
to the !ong vowe! u HI) with the sa#e prefi5es and suffi5es as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.
to say
"al
. say
kan"ul j7B
you say (masc sing)

kat"ul j;B
you say (fem sing)

kat"uli <,j;B
he says
kay"ul jB
she says
kat"ul j;B
we say
kan"ulu ,j7B
you say (plur)

kat"ulu ,j;B
they say
kay"ulu ,jB
'erbs l$=e )-al*

to be
kan B to pass
fat ?
to blame
lam D to see
af 8
to die
mat & to swim $am 0
to dri(e / ride
sa" 2 to taste
da$
to fast
sam 2 to throw
la #D
to melt
dab to turn
dar
to pass
da& to (isit
&ar
So#e e5a#p!esE
)uslims fast ?amadan e(ery
year
lmslmin kaysumu rmdan
kul $am.
>5/+5, &B
}& oB
)
0
Fisa swims well Lisa kat $um m&yan. +, I;B
Ck&
0his dri(er doesn$t dri(e well
had ifur ma9kaysu"9
m&yan.
Fg l@, & yB
Ck&
+hen the verb ,to be). kan HBI is con/ugated in the present tense) it e5presses a habitua! action or
activit-) not a current state or condition.
8here are you (e(ery) ,aturday
afternoon9
fin katkun nhar ssbt f l
$iya?
>? .;B
=L K1+, 94
(
@I,
In order to e5press current states or conditions) use independent pronouns with ad/ectives or nouns
Hsee page 7I or use the particip!es of kan HBI Hsee page 17I. 'ou have a!read- !earned bothT
/ %CF;B
/ 9%CFB
9
nd
Cate-oryI Eon- )a* Aeco"es Eon- )$*
In this categor-) the !ong vowe! a HI in the #idd!e of the verb changes to the !ong vowe! i HI) with the
sa#e prefi5es and suffi5es as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.
to bring
%ab J
. bring
kan%ib ~7B
you bring (masc sing)

kat%ib ~;B
you bring (fem sing)

kat%ibi <1;B
he brings
kay%ib ~B
she brings
kat%ib ~;B
we bring
kan%ibu 17B
you bring (plur)

kat%ibu 1;B
they bring
kay%ibu 1B
'erbs l$=e );ab*

to add
&ad to fly
tar v
to be absent
)ab | to lea%
sal 6
to be coo%ed
tab v to wa%e up
fa$ ?
to do / ma%e
dar sell
ba $ $E
to fall
ta #v to touch
$as s
to trust
ta$ m
So#e e5a#p!esE
;assan sells (is selling)
(egetables in the sou-
7assan kaybi $ lxodra f
ssu$.
>+h t1B
'%}3, +,
. don$t wa%e up early on
,undays
makanfi$ bkri nhar
ldd.
& y{l7B
%.E =L F
(
G,
/B Moroccan Arab$c
8hat do you do on ,aturdays9
nu katdir nhar ssbt? 78 %CF;B
=L 9K1+,
/ %CF;B
/ 9%CFB
3
rd
Cate-oryI Eon- )a* Ce"a$ns Eon- )a*
In this categor-) the !ong vowe! a HI re#ains the sa#e) without an- changes) with the sa#e prefi5es
and suffi5es as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.
to spend the night
bat E
. spend the night
kanbat 17B
you spend the night

(masc sing)
katbat 1;B
you spend the night

(fem sing)
katbati <m1;B
he spends the night

kaybat 1B
she spends the night

katbat 1;B
we spend the night

kanbatu m17B
you spend the night

(plur)
katbatu m1;B
they spend the night

kaybatu m1B
'erbs l$=e )bat*

to appear
ban E to owe
sal 6
to loo% li%e
ban bal E GE to be scared
xaf n
So#e e5a#p!esE
0he mouse is scared of the cat
lfar kayxaf mn l$t.
l, 3B
>& {,
Gou loo% li%e you are sic%
katban bal ila mrid.
1;B
GE Dx zC%&
These hae
the same
con'ugation in
this category.
Peace Corps / Morocco /8
Present Tense = Irregular :erbs with "inal *a,
$ow we change our focus fro# verbs with a !ong vowe! a HI in the #idd!e of the verb to those with a
!ong vowe! a HI at the end of the verb.
8
st
Cate-oryI Eon- )a* Aeco"es Eon- )$*
In this categor-) the !ong vowe! a HI changes to the !ong vowe! i HI) with the sa#e prefi5es and
suffi5es as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.
to run
%ra %J
. run
kan%ri %7B
you run (masc sing)

kat%ri %;B
you run (fem sing)

kat%ri %;B
he runs
kay%ri %B
she runs
kat%ri %;B
we run
kan%riu C%7B
you run (plur)

kat%riu C%;B
they run
kay%riu C%B
'erbs l$=e );ra*

to build
bna 7E to go
ma @&
to buy
ra %8 to pray
slla /
(
2
to cry
bka .E to li%e / lo(e
b)a pE
to clean
n$$a {(L to show
wrra
(
to come
%a J to sing
)nna 7 (|
to fold
twa v to smo%e
kma 5B
to fry
$la /s to teach
$rra %
(
s
to finish
sala ,6 to turn off
tfa lv
So#e e5a#p!esE
;assan sings (is singing) in the
shower
7assan kay)nni f ddu.
>+h <7 (pB
F,
. don$t smo%e hash
makankmi li.
& y5.7B
y@G,
Ho you run e(ery morning9
we kat%ri kul sba? %;B
oB
)
9#12
/9 Moroccan Arab$c
/ %CF;B
/ 9%CFB
9
nd
Cate-oryI Eon- )a* Ce"a$ns Eon- )a*
In this categor-) the !ong vowe! a HI re#ains the sa#e) without an- changes) with the sa#e prefi5es
and suffi5es as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.
to read / study
$ra %s
. read
kan$ra %{7B
you read (masc sing)

kat$ra %{;B
you read (fem sing)

kat$ray %{;B
he reads
kay$ra %{B
she reads
kat$ra %{;B
we read
kan$rau %{7B
you read (plur)

kat$rau %{;B
they read
kay$rau %{B
'erbs l$=e )Nra*

to forget
nsa +L to defy
tdda F
(
Gm
to find
l$a {, to eat lunch
t)dda F
(
pm
to hope
tmnna 7 (5m to eat dinner
t $a @( Im
to meet
tla$a s*m to be cured
bra %E
to go shopping
t$dda F
(
{m to be finished
tsala ,+m
to wal% around
tsara +m
to ta%e care
(of)
thlla 'f(
*
(
=m 6 )
So#e e5a#p!esE
'rom time to time we eat dinner
at the restaurant
mrra mrra kant $au f
rristora.
'%
(
& '%
(
& @( I;7B
'r+C%,
. don$t go shopping e(ery day
ma9kant$dda9 kul yum.
& F
(
{;7B
oB
)
C
;ow many boo%s do you read in
a month9
al mn ktab kat$ra f
hr?
G8 >& ;B %{;B
9%=@,
/ %CF;B
/ 9%CFB
3
rd
Cate-oryI 'erb ?as Lnternal Can-es
Two verbs in Moroccan Arabic are con/ugated in the present tense b- changing their interna! structure
in addition to adding the nor#a! prefi5es and suffi5es.
to eat
kla /B
. eat
kanakul oB
)
7B
you eat (masc sing)

katakul oB
)
;B
you eat (fem sing)

katakuli </B
)
;B
he eats
kayakul oB
)
B
she eats
katakul oB
)
;B
we eat
kanaklu /B7B
VNVRROP SQ[VZ 36 F
(
h& FCFG, %.
drb !CMdid #aMddu s5un.
Strike while the iron is hot.
In these for#s) the
,u. is pronounced
ver- Guic2!-. Thus)
one shou!dn@t sa-
,2anCa2uuuuu!). but
rather ,2ana2u!.
/# Moroccan Arab$c
you eat (plur)
kataklu /B;B
they eat
kayaklu /BB
Anoter 'erb l$=e )=la*

to ta%e
xda Fn
So#e e5a#p!esE
E(ery 'riday we eat couscous kul %m $a kanaklu ksksu. oB
)
4I5J /B7B
+.+B
,he ta%es medicine before she
goes to bed
kataxud ddwa $bl
ma tn $s.
Fn) ;B
F, o1s & fI7m

/ %CF;B
/ 9%CFB
Peace Corps / Morocco /<

!sing 7ne :erb after Another
So#eti#es) we wi!! want to use one verb direct!- after another. This is true in 4ng!ishE
I want to read. He likes to cook.
We forgot to call you. She began to study yesterday.
As the e5a#p!es show) in 4ng!ish we use the infinitive after a verb Hto read) to coo2) to ca!!) to stud-I.
But in Arabic) as -ou reca!!) there isn@t actua!!- an infinitive for verbs Hsee page =<I. Instead) we use the
present tense of a verb without the opening ka. This wi!! serve as the eGuiva!ent of the 4ng!ish
infinitive when we use one verb after another.
"resent
Tense
4ithout
ka
!sed a0ter b5a
F want t! g!. kan9mi n9mi b)it n'mi
KpE <@5L
Hou want t! g!. kat9mi t9mi b)iti t'mi
<;pE <@5m
7e wants t! g!. kay9mi y9mi b)a y'mi
pE <@5C
-he wants t! g!. kat9mi t9mi b)at t'mi
pE <@5m
.e want t! g!. kan9miu n9miu b)ina n'miu 7pE @5L
Hou want t! g!. kat9miu t9miu b)itu t'miu ;pE @5m
,hey want t! g!. kay9miu y9miu b)au y'miu pE @5C
So#e #ore e5a#p!esE
. hope to speak HariEa well
kantmnna n'tkllm ddari%a
m&yan.
7 (5;7B
-/
(
.;L 4J
F, Ck&
;e forgot to bring the boo%
nsa y'jib lktab.
+L ~C ;.,
>s$n- w$t !ter 5.press$ons
This sa#e construction is used after other words and e5pressions. The #ost i#portant of these is bash
HEI. This word is the eGuiva!ent of the 4ng!ish ,in order to.. So#e e5a#p!esE
Fatifa went to the post office
in order to send a letter
Latifa mat l lbosta ba
t'sift bra.
4lr,
@& 4r61, E
Klm %E
. went to )arra%ech in order
to see my friend
mit l Marrake5h
ba n'uf sabi.
K@& yB%& E @L
<1h2
Exercise: (o#bine the following words into sentences' using the proper
con-ugations of erbs and pronouns.
1. (mina / ma / l l'b!sta / ba / "a / ka"t d t'tilifun.
2. huwa / ba / ma / l mi"ikan / ba / #"a.
. na / ja / l l'm"ib / ba / $awn / nas dyalu / u / t $""f / $lihum / u /
)huma* $"f )na* / m+yan.
// Moroccan Arab$c
The I#peratie
The i#perative is used to give co##andsE Go to the storeT Open the windowT Study ArabicT The
positive i#perative te!!s so#eone to do so#ething) the negative i#perative te!!s so#eone not to do
so#ething.
The positive i#perative is for#ed b- dropping both the ka H. I and the prefi5 t HI fro# the singu!ar
and p!ura! ,-ou. for#s of the present tense. In the fo!!owing tab!e) a!! the e5a#p!es are eGua! to the
4ng!ish co##and) ,Write!.
"resent Tense 2mperati#e
you (masc sing)
kat9ktb ~;.;B
ktb ~;B
you (fem sing)
kat9ktbi <1;.;B
ktbi <1;B
you (plur sing)
kat9ktbu 1;.;B
ktbu 1;B
The negative i#perative is for#ed b- dropping the 2a H. I and using the negative for# #a...K H 111 &I.
In the fo!!owing tab!e) the first verb is gls) ,to sit). and the negative i#peratives are eGuiva!ent to the
4ng!ish ,&on@t sitT. The second verb is w#f) ,to stand 8 stop. and the negative i#peratives are
eGuiva!ent to the 4ng!ish ,&on@t stand upT.
"resent Tense 2mperati#e 6egati#e 2mperati#e
you (masc sing)
kat'gls f/j;B
"ls f/ ma9t'gls9 & y+/jm

you (fem sing)
kat'glsi <+/j;B
"lsi <+/ ma9t'glsi9

&
y+/jm
you (plur sing)
kat'glsu +/j;B
"lsu +/ ma9t'glsu9
&
+/jm
you (masc sing)
kat9w#f As;B
w$f As ma9t'w#f9 & ylsm
you (fem sing)
kat9w#fi <ls;B
w$fi <ls ma9t'w#fi9 & ylsm
you (plur sing)
kat9w#fu ls;B
w$fu ls ma9t'w#fu9
&
lsm
So"e Lrre-ular L"perat$:es
"or the fo!!owing three verbs) the positive i#perative is not regu!ar.
< to go
ma @&
2o
sir %6
Hon$t go
ma9t9mi9 & y@5m
siri %6 ma9t9mi9 & y@5m
siru %6 ma9t9miu9 & @5m
K to come
%a J
Come
a%i <J
Hon$t come
ma9t9%i9 & ym
a%i <J ma9t9%i9 & ym
a%iu J ma9t9%iu9 & m
A to gi(e $ta ara r0
2i(e me
ara
Hon$t gi(e me
ma9t9$tini9 & y7rIm
aray ma9t9$tini9 & y7rIm
arau ma9t9$tiuni9 & yLrIm
Exercise: Put the erbs between parentheses in correct for#' then arrange the
sentences in the correct order.
A. mn b $d 'lbs( way%i. >& FIE 7 6 <Ch f1,
John
A. ')sl( w%hi u snan, mn b $d 'fiy$( ddrari.
( 7 <=J o+| 76 >& FIE 7 6
(
?
F,
C. ana 'nad( f M:2B.
L 7 6 L 2I3B
3. f l $iya 't$dda( wlla 'xmml( d9dar.
4
(
@I, 7 6 D
(
F
(
{m 7 6 F, o5
(
n
C. ana 'xdm( tta l 0:BB mn b $d 't)dda(.
L 7 6 ; (h Fn 8IBB >& FIE 6 F
(
pm )
+. 'w%d( lftur.
( 7 rl, FJ
E. na 't $a( m%mu $in.
7h 7 6 >05& @( Im
7. ana 'n $s( )aliban f 00:BB.
L 7 6
1, | fIL 88IBB
F. ana 'dd( ttubis f N:BB ba 'ma( lxdma.
L 7 6 fEr, F
(
8 3IBB E 7 6 @&
4&F3,
J. ddrari 'n $s( f N:BB. F, 7 6 fIL 3IBB
Exercise: )rite a paragraph out of each set of pictures.
Te.t
kifa katduw& nnhar?
-usan mutatawi $a m $a hay*at ssalam. kul
nhar katfi$ bkri u kat%ri. mn b $d
katduw u katftr. dima f ssba katxdm
tta l 00:2B. mlli katsali, katr% $ l
d9dar. katw%%d lmakla u katt)dda. f l
$iya katt$dda u b $dlmrrat katla$a sabha
wlla katmi l ssiber. f llil katt $a u
dima kat$ra $bl ma t9n $s.
lB
(
F;B
9=7,
6 40
; &
)
t
& 4ug 1 oB
)
*+
, =L l;B

%.E 1 >& %;B
FIE
(
F;B
1 5C %rl;B

#1, F3;B
; (h 88I3B 1 </
(
& <,+;B

tJ%;B
1 FJ
(
;B
F, 4/B5, 1 F
(
p;;B

4
(
@I, F
(
{;;B
zIE %
(
5, s*;B
=EG2 D
<@5;B
1 %1+, o/, @( I;;B
5C
%{;B
o1s & fI7m

0. nu katdir -usan? we turist?
< 78 %CF;B
96 9K+Cm
1. we katxdm f l $iya? K F3;B
94
(
@I,
2. nu katdir $bl ma t9n $s? A 78 %CF;B
o1s & 9fI7m

=. nu katdir kul nhar?
= 78 %CF;B
oB
)
9=L
Bobby
Cargaining
bargain for basic items, such as clothing
describe the colors of items
use masculine, feminine, and plural adjectives correctly
describe differences between objects using the comparative and superlative
Cargaining
,eneral Aar-a$n$n- Lnfor"at$on
In Morocco) bargaining is a part of !ife. It can so#eti#es be tiring for peop!e not used to it) but with
so#e cu!tura! and !anguage s2i!!s) it can beco#e #uch easier. So#e infor#ation about bargaining can
a!so #a2e the process si#p!er.
"irst of a!!) -ou need to 2now what ite#s shou!d be bargained for) and what ite#s nor#a!!- have fi5ed
prices) even for Moroccans. This is not a!wa-s eas- to deter#ine) since the p!ace where -ou bu- so#e
things #a- deter#ine whether the price is fi5ed or not. "or e5a#p!e) so#e ite#s that are so!d at fi5ed
prices in a anut He.g. !aundr- soap) vegetab!es) eggsI #a- be bargained for in the sou2 or fro# a street
vendor. As2 -our host fa#i!- or watch other Moroccans in order to find out. 9ere are so#e genera!
guide!ines for whether prices are fi5ed or notE
>sually Aar-a$ned @or Seldo" Aar-a$ned @or
an- artic!e of c!othing
an- househo!d or 2itchen utensi!) app!iance)
or furniture
rent for a house or apart#ent
ta5i fares on unscheduled runs
anything bought in a sou2 He.g. grains in bu!2)
ani#a!s) rugs) etc.I
an-thing bought fro# a street vendor who
has no regu!ar shop
petit ta5i fares if the meter does not work
an-thing used or secondhand
do#estic he!p and services H#aid) p!u#ber)
e!ectrician) etc. &eter#ine the price before
the wor2 is done.I
things which are !itera!!- bought ever- da-E
#int) pars!e-) bread) coriander
refi!! on a butagas
cigarettes and a!coho!
#ea!s or beverages in restaurants
bus fares between schedu!ed stops
ta5i fares on regu!ar runs
pricecontro!!ed stap!e foodsE sugar) oi!) tea)
f!our) #i!2) butter) etc.
an-thing bought in a phar#ac-
#eat and vegetab!es) if the price per 2i!o is
posted
schoo! supp!ies
It is a!so good to be aware of so#e of the standard tactics that are used between the bu-er and the se!!er
in Morocco. If -ou watch Moroccans) -ou wi!! see #an- of these.
Te AuyerMs Tact$cs Te SellerMs Tact$cs
not showing too #uch enthusias# for bu-ing not showing too #uch enthusias# for se!!ing
wa!2ing awa- when the se!!er has na#ed the
,!owest. price
turning awa- when the bu-er has na#ed the
,highest. price
pointing out defects in the #erchandise noting the superior Gua!it- in the #erchandise
Guoting a !ower price for an identica! ite# in
another shop
insisting that goods in other shops are not of
the sa#e Gua!it-
c!ai#ing not to have enough #one- to #eet the
se!!erNs ,!owest. price
c!ai#ing that in se!!ing at the bu-er@s ,highest.
price he wou!d be ta2ing a !oss
co#p!i#enting or f!attering the se!!er Hon his
shop) #erchandise) chi!dren) friend!inessI
co#p!i#enting or f!attering the bu-er Hon his
or her !anguage abi!it-) friend!iness) e5pertise
in bargainingI
Te AuyerMs Tact$cs Te SellerMs Tact$cs
acting insu!ted b- the se!!er@s price acting insu!ted b- the bu-er@s offer
arguing that the difference between the
se!!er@s price and the price offered is insignificantF
i.e. the se!!er shou!d co#e
down to the offered price
arguing that the difference between the bu-er@s
price and his price is insignificant and the
bu-er shou!d co#e up
pu!!ing out oneNs #one- as if the offered price
has been agreed upon
wrapping up the purchase as if the as2ing price
has been agreed upon
+hen -ou are !oo2ing to bu- an ite# that -ou 2now -ou wi!! have to bargain for) there are a few things
that -ou shou!d probab!- tr- to avoid. These inc!udeE
showing too #uch interest in) or too great a need for) a particu!ar ite#
carr-ing !arge su#s of #one-) carr-ing e5pensive) previous!-bought ite#s) !oo2ing !i2e a tourist
having no idea what an ite# is rea!!- worth) or what is a fair price for that t-pe of ite#
being in a hurr-
bu-ing with a guide Hhe gets a percentage of what -ou pa-I
A!wa-s be prepared to pa- a price -ou have na#ed. &o not get too far into bargaining for so#ething if
-ou do not intend to bu- it. If -ou are not c!ear on the currenc- in which -ou are bargaining Hi.e. r-a!sI)
proceed s!ow!-. In the end) don@t !et a bargaining scenario ruin -our da-. Most of us go unbothered b-
the so#eti#es huge #ar2ups on bigCtic2et ite#s in A#erica) -et we can be easi!- frustrated b- a
Moroccan #erchant who #a2es an e5tra do!!ar or two off of us. ?e#e#ber that one@s peace of #ind is
worth so#ething) too.
Aar-a$n$n- 5.press$ons
.t$s too e5pensi(eR
)ali b&&afG
<,| k
(
E R
Fower the price
n$swiya.
{L 4C
(
8
2i(e a good price
sawb m $aya f ttaman.
2 CI& >5
; ,
. won$t add e(en a ryal
ma9n9&id tta ryal.
& FCkL ; (h C
.$ll add nothing
ma9n9&id walu.
& FCkL ,
.t$s too much for me
b&&af $liya.
k
(
E <
/0
* good price
i taman m&yan.
<8 >5
m Ck&
* reasonable price
i taman mnasb.
<8 >5
m ~67&
8hat$s the last price9
axir taman, al? %n >5
m 9G8
;ow much will . get it for9
bal t9xllih 'ha(? G@E H/
(
3m 7 6 9 g
0hat$s what . ha(e (money)R
had i lli $ndiG
Fg <@, </, F70 R
0hat$s my last priceR
hada huwa axir taman
dyaliG
Fg
g ) %n >5
m <,C R
(lothing
Clot$n- 'ocabulary
clothes
lway% CG,
-
,
7
8
9
:
;
<
(=
((
(:
(,
(8
(9 (;
,=
(7
(
(-
(<
2B Moroccan Arab$c
0. sifitma 45rl6 00. fista 4;+?
1. %ean >J 01. %akita 4rBJ
2. srwal %6 02. 6i%ama 4&
=. $ami%a nskmm 45s L -
(
B 0=. kbbut 1
(
B
>. $ami%a 45s 0>. smta 4r56
@. "rafata 4r? % 0@. ,9shirt <m 8
M. %ili </J 0M. ort 8
N. kustim -;6B 0N. al 8
O. triko .C%m 0O. sli6 /6
0B. triko 5ol ; .C%m B < 1B. saya 4C2
0. kswa '+B 00. sbrdila 4/C%16
1. &if fular AC / D? 01. butyu mE
2. %llaba 4E*
(
J 02. sbbat 1
(
2
=. "ndura 'F7 0=. sndala 4,F
72
>. liba 1, 0>. maya 4C@( &
@. sutyanat Lm6 0@. xatm -mn
M. li"at j, 0M. ala$at {/
N. kaskita r.+B
0N. $$i$ {0
O. ta"iya 4
(
v 0O. snsla 4/+76
0B. t$ar %8{m 1B. mdl o}&
Clot$n- 5.press$ons
.s there anything else9
we kayna i a%a xora? 47CB <8 4Jh 9%n)
2i(e me si"e please
$tini nnmra ... $afak.
<7r0 '%57, 111 l0 (
0ry this one on
$iys hada hadi.
f
(
s Fg / Fg
Ho you want another color9
we b)iti i lun axor? <;pE <8 , 9%n)
,
9
:
;
<
(,
(-
(7
(9
(:
(;
(<
,=
(
8
(=
((
(8
-
7
. prefer this color
kanfdl had llun.
o}l7B
Fg /,
.t goes well with you
%a %at m $ak.
J / J :I
&
Colors
colors
llwan /,
'asculine Singular &eminine Singular "lural
white
byd zE bida 4}E bidin >}E
blue
&r$ &r$a 4s &r$in >s
blac%
kl oGB kla 4/GB klin >/GB
red
mr %5h mra '%5h mrin >C%5h
yellow
sfr %l2 sfra '%l2 sfrin >C%l2
green
xdr %}n xdra '%}n xdrin >C%}n
brown
$hwi =s $hwiya 4C
(
=s $hwiyin >C
(
=s
orange
limuni <L5, limuniya 4
(
L5, limuniyin >
(
L5,
pin%
wrdi wrdiya 4C
(
wrdiyin >C
(
purple
%ri %h %riya 4C
(
%h %riyin >C
(
%h
mdadi F& mdadiya 4C
(
F& mdadiyin >C
(
F&
grey
rmadi & rmadiya 4C
(
& rmadiyin >C
(
&
golden
dhbi <1g dhbiya 4
(
1g dhbiyin >
(
1g
dar%
m)lu$ /p& m)lu$a 4s/p& m)lu$in >s/p&
light
mftu #;l& mftua 4h;l& mftuin >h;l&
bright
nas$ t2L nas$a 4I2L nas$in >I2L
faded
baht KgE bahta 4;gE bahtin >;gE
As -ou can see in the tab!e above) fe#inine for#s of co!ors are #ade b- adding an ,a. sound to the
#ascu!ine for#) and p!ura!s are #ade b- adding ,in. to the #ascu!ine for#.
0$alo-ue
Mi5hael: ssalamu $alaykum.

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 o.C&6
mul l9way%: wa $alaykum ssalam.
-.
)
/
0 *+
, & CG, 6
Mi5hael: b)it %llaba $afakG
KpE 4E*
(
J l0 R o.C&6
mul l9way%: mu%ud a sidi, amn nmra? J& F6 >58 9'%5L & CG, 6
Mi5hael: ma9n9$rf.
& %IL o.C&6
mul l9way%: $iys hadi. Ah %at m $akG f
(
s 1 Fg J :I
& R & CG, 6

Mi5hael: kayna )ir f had llun? 47CB %| Fg 9/,
o.C&6
mul l9way%: kayna f lbyd, ssfr u
lkl.
47CB z1, %l, oG., & CG, 6
Mi5hael: ara n9uf lbyd$afak. @L z1, l0 o.C&6
mul l9way%: hak a sidi.
g F6 & CG, 6
Mi5hael: bal had i?
G@E Fg 9<@, o.C&6
mul l9way%: hadi a sidi b NBBB ryal.
Fg F6 3BBB C & CG, 6
29 Moroccan Arab$c
Mi5hael: )aliya b&&af, )adi n
$tik )ir 2BBB ryal.
4
(
,| k
(
E | :rIL %| 3BBB
C
o.C&6
mul l9way%: lla, n$sti b&&af. xudha
b @BBB.
D <;{L 1 gn k
(
E /BBB & CG, 6
Mi5hael: lla b&&af. bslama.
D 1 k
(
E 4&*+, o.C&6
mul l9way%: a%i, a%i, $tini )ir >BBB
ryal.
<J <J <7r0 %| <BBB C & CG, 6
Mi5hael: )adi n9$tik 2>BB ryal.
b)iti m&yan ma9b)iti
lla y9shl.
| :rIL 3<BB 1 <;pE C Ck&
& y;pE H/, o=+C
o.C&6
mul l9way%: ara a sidi 2>BB ryal. i
bas ma9kayn.
F6 3<BB 1 <8 C E &
>CB
& CG, 6
Exercise: >ead the text and answer the 0uestions.
-aida $ndha b&&af d ttsbin lyum:
ssrwal rrmadi u l$ami%a lbida dyal
ra%lha. %ean u ,9shirt dyal wldha.
lkswa lmra u %%akita &&r$a dyal
bntha. ssaya lxdra u &&if lbyd dyal
-aida. welakin, dyal mn tt$ar
lkl?
'FI6 gF70 k
(
E >1;, I %+, , &%,
45{, 4}1, C 1 >J =/J <m 8 C
1 '+., gF, '%5G, rB, 4sk, C 1 4C, =;7E
'%}3, ACk, z1, C 1 >. ,
'FI6 C >&
%8{;, 9oG.,
0. dyal mn ssrwal rrmadi?
< C >& %+, 9&%,
1. dyal mn ,9shirt? nu llun dyalu?
K C >& <m 98 78 /, 9,C
2. we lkswa lmra dyal -aida?
A '+., '%5G, C 9'FI6
=. we ssaya dyal -aida &r$a?
= 4C, C 'FI6 94s
>. nu llun dyal tt$ar?
> 78 /, C 9%8{;,
Exercise: )rite a dialogue for the following pictures. Tr+ to write it without
loo/ing at the preious pages.
Ad-ecties
Ad/ectives co#e after the nouns the- #odif- and #ust agree in gender and nu#ber. "or e5a#p!e) if a
noun is fe#inine and singu!ar then the ad/ective that fo!!ows #ust be fe#inine and singu!ar as we!!.
"e#inine and p!ura! for#s of ad/ectives are derived fro# the #ascu!ine base for#. The fe#inine for#
is #ade b- adding an a H'I to the end of the #ascu!ine for#. The p!ura! for#) !i2e with nouns) is not
a!wa-s predictab!e. The two most common patterns areE adding in H>CI to the #ascu!ine for#) or
rep!acing the !ong vowe! i HI in the #idd!e of an ad/ective with the !ong vowe! a HI. An e5a#p!e of
each p!ura! for#E
'asculine
Singular
"lural
8
9
- 7
( ,
:
;
2# Moroccan Arab$c
happy fran franin
we add in to form the plural
big kbir kbar
we change i to a to form the plural
Ad/ectives in this first group Hfor#ing the p!ura! with inI a!so have a fe#inine p!ura! for# that is used
when all the #e#bers of a group are fe#inine. If their is a #i5ture of #ascu!ine and fe#inine peop!e
or ob/ects) the #ascu!ine p!ura! Hoften /ust ca!!ed ,p!ura!.I is used. The fe#inine p!ura! is for#ed b-
adding at to the #ascu!ine singu!ar base for#.
Co""on Ad;ect$:es
English
'asculine Singular &eminine Singular 'asculine
"lural
&eminine
"lural
good m&yan m&yana m&yanin m&yanat
Ck& 4LCk& >LCk& LCk&
pretty / hand1 &win &wina &winin &winat
some / good >C 47C >7C 7C
bad / ugly xayb xayba xaybin xaybat
~Cn 41Cn >1Cn 1Cn
happy fran frana franin franat
h%? 4Lh%? >Lh%? Lh%?
sad / angry m$ll$ m$ll$a m$ll$in m$ll$at
/
(
{& 4{/
(
{& >{/
(
{& {/
(
{&
clean n$i n$iya n$iyin n$iyat
<{L 4
(
{L >
(
{L
(
{L
dirty mussx mussxa mussxin mussxat
6& ( 6& ( 43 6& ( >3 6& ( 3
harried m&rub m&ruba m&rubin m&rubat
k& 4Ek& >Ek& Ek&
late m $ttl m $ttla m $ttlin m $ttlat
or
(
I& 4/r
(
I& >/r
(
I& *r
(
I&
soft rtb rtba rtbin rtbat
~v 41v >1v 1v
harsh r ra rin rat
%h 48%h >8%h 8%h
fresh tri triya triyin triyat
%v 4C
(
%v >C
(
%v C
(
%v
present adr adra adrin adrat
%h '%h >C%h %h
absent )ayb )ayba )aybin )aybat
~C| 41C| >1C| 1C|
sweet lu luwa luwin luwat
/h '
(
/h >C
(
/h
(
/h
salty mal mala malin malat
q,& 4G,& >G,& G,&
bland / tasteless mssus mssusa mssusin mssusat
English
"lural
&eminine
"lural
+
(
& 46+
(
& >6+
(
& 6+
(
&
spicy arr arra arrin arrat
(
h '
(
h >C
(
h
(
h
open mlul mlula mlulin mlulat
/G& 4,/G& >,/G& D/G&
closed msdud msduda msdudin msdudat
F+& 'F+& >CF+& F+&
fried / grilled m$li m$liya m$liyin m$liyat
</{& 4
(
/{& >
(
/{&
(
/{&
hungry %i $an %i $ana %i $anin %i $anat
IJ 4LIJ >LIJ LIJ
thirsty $tan $tana $tanin $tanat
@r0 4L@r0 >L@r0 L@r0
busy m)ul m)ula m)ulin m)ulat
p@& 4,p@& >,p@& Dp@&
la"y m $"a& m $"a&a m $"a&in m $"a&at
jI& 'jI& >CjI& jI&
tired $iyan $iyana $iyanin $iyanat
(
0 4L
(
0 >L
(
0 L
(
0
reasonable / serious
m $$ul m $$ula m $$ulin m $$ulat
{I& 4,{I& >,{I& D{I&
enough kafi kafiya kafiyin kafiyat
<?B 4?B >?B ?B
e5pensi(e )ali )aliya )aliyin )aliyat
<,| 4,| >,| ,|
wide / large was $ was $a was $in was $at
t6 4I6 >I6 I6
married m&uw% m&uw%a m&uw%in m&uw%at
(
k& 4J
(
k& >J
(
k& J
(
k&
old (something) $dim $dima $dam
-CFs 45CFs Fs
big (something) kbir kbira kbar
old (someone) %1B '%1B 1B
small (something) s)ir s)ira s)ar
young (someone) %p2 '%p2 p2
new %did %dida %dad
FCFJ 'FCFJ FJ
far b $id b $ida b $ad
FIE 'FIE IE
near $rib $riba $rab
~C%s 41C%s %s
tall / long twil twila twal
2/ Moroccan Arab$c
English
"lural
&eminine
"lural
oCv 4/Cv v
short $sir $sira $sar
%s '%s s
strong / correct si sia sa
qG2 4GG2 #G2
wea% d$if d$ifa d$af
AI 4lI I
simple / easy bsit bsita bsat
E 4rE E
cheap rxis rxisa rxas
n 4n n
poor mskin mskina msakn
>.+& 47.+& >B+&
sic% mrid mrida mrad
zC%& 4}C%& %&
Exercise: %escribe the following pictures using ad-ecties.
(o#paratie and Superlatie Ad-ecties
Co"parat$:e Ad;ect$:es
+e use co#parative ad/ectives when we are co#paring two ob/ects based upon so#e Gua!it- or
characteristic. "or e5a#p!e) in 4ng!ish we can sa-E I a# taller than Uohn. ,Ta!!er than. is the
co#parative for# of the ad/ective ,ta!!.. 9ere are the co#parative for#s for so#e Arabic ad/ectivesE
*dEecti(es Comparati(es
good
m&yan Ck& better
sn 'mn(
>+h 6 >& )
nice
drif AC% nicer
drf 'mn(
% 6 >& )
tall / long
twil oCv taller / longer
twl 'mn(
v 6 >& )
1. hada 2## Gsir.
6. hada 2## SSSSSSS.
1
=
5
<
7
%
1(
11
16
short
$sir %s shorter
$sr 'mn(
%s 6 >& )
big / old
kbir %1B bigger / older
kbr 'mn(
%1B 6 >& )
small / young
s)ir %p2
smaller /
younger
s)r 'mn(
%p2 6 >& )
hea(y
t$il o{m hea(ier
t$l 'mn(
o{m 6 >& )
light
xfif Aln lighter
xff 'mn(
A( n 6 >& )
old (thing)
$dim -CFs older (thing)
$dm 'mn(
Fs 6 >& )
few
$lil o/s fewer
$ll 'mn(
o( s 6 >& )
cheap
rxis n cheaper
rxs'mn(
n 6 >& )
e5pensi(e
)ali <,|
more
e5pensi(e
)la 'mn( /|
sweet
lu /h sweeter
la 'mn( /h
As -ou can see above) for #an- ad/ectives Hbut not a!!I the co#parative is for#ed b- re#oving the !ong
vowe! i fro# the word. 9ere are so#e e5a#p!esE
,adia is younger than )ali%a
-adia s)r mn Malika.
4CFI6 %p2 >& 4./&
0he train is better than the bus

ttran sn mn lkar.
%;, >+h >& .,
Co"par$n- E$=e !b;ects
In order to e5press that two things8peop!e8etc. are the sa#e) we can use either of two e5pressionsE
the same / ali%e
bal bal GE GE
the same / ali%e
kif kif AB AB
So#e e5a#p!esE
8hich is better6 a blue shirt or a
green one9
ama sn: $ami%%a &r$a
wlla xdra?
& I 4
(
5s >+h 4s D
(
9'%}n
0hey are the same
bal bal.
GE GE
As the e5a#p!e shows) the word ama H&I is used for co#parisons when we #ean ,which..
Superlat$:e Ad;ect$:es
The super!ative ad/ective in Moroccan Arabic can be for#ed in two wa-s.
"irst) by using the definite article with the adjective and inserting the personal pronounE
Smar is bright
Pmar mu%tahid.
%50 F=
; &
)
Smar is the brightest student in

the class
Pmar huwa lmu%tahid f
l$ism.
%50
g ) F=
; 5
)
, -+{,
,usan is a pretty girl
-usan bnt &wina.
6 K7E 47C
,usan is the prettiest
-usan hiya +&wina.
6 <
g 47Ck,
Second) by prefixing a (
) to the comparative adjectiveE

23 Moroccan Arab$c
Casablanca is the largest city in
)orocco
d9dar lbida akbr mdina f
lm)rib.
F, }1, %1B 47CF& %
p5,
0oub%al is the highest mountain
in )orocco
tub$al a $la %bl f
lm)rib.
{Em /0 o1J %
p5,
Exercise: (o#pare each pair using co#paratie ad-ecties.
&riss 9assan
tCto#obi! d-a! Mar-
tCto#obi! d-a! Mi2e
dCdar d-a! Uud- dCdar d-a! Moha#ed
klat lxub+
Exercise: Answer the following 0uestions based upon the drawing.
0. ama )la l $nb wlla lbanan?
< & /| ~7I, D
(
971
,
1. ama rxsddlla wlla l $nb? K & n #D
(
F, D
(
9~7I,
2. ama sn ddlla wlla lbanan?
A & >+h #D
(
F, D
(
971
,
=. ama la l $nb wlla ddlla? = & /h ~7I, D
(
9#D
(
F,
>. we l $nb huwa a)la fakiha?
> ~7I,
g ) /| 94=B ?
@. nu hiya lfakiha rrxisa?
@ 78 <
g 4=B l, 94n%,
Shopping "or "ood
shop for produce, meats, and spices
dCd!!aM !Cbanan
!C$nb
3 DH
7 DH
12 DH
VNVRROP SQ[VZ o1G, >& 3B
y7G, }
(
0 </,.
!C!i $ddu !CM nK) 2a-C5af #n !CMb!.
The one bitten by a snake is afraid of ropes.
English e-ui(alent6 Snce bitten, twice shy
3B Moroccan Arab$c
"ruits and :egetables
At te ,reen ,rocerMs
$nd lxddar F70 }
(
3,
#egetables
lx!d"a
0. xi&u kn 00. lful l,
1. iflur /l@ , 01. lf%l ol,
2. l$u$ {, 02. l"r $a 40%j,
=. lbtata vr1, 0=. ttuma 4&;,
>. lflfla 4/l/l, 0>. lbsla 4/1,
@. ddn%al LF, 0@. lbarba E1,
M. lxyar 3, 0M. llft Kl/,
N. matia 4@r&
0N. lmkuwr
(
.5,
O. %%lbana 4L1/, 0O. llubya 4E/,
0B. lkrafs ?%., 1B. lkor%it J.,
-uince
ssfr%l oJ%l+, parsley
lm $dnus LFI5,
gourd
sslawi *+, mint
nn $na $ $7I7,
o%ra
lmluxiya 4
(
n/5, absinth
iba 41@,
coriander
l$sbur 1{, (erbena
llwi&a 'kC/,
(
,
-
7
8
9
:
;
<
(=
((
(,
(-
(7
(8
(9
(:
(;
(<
,=
%ucchini
0ruit
lfakiha
0. l $nb ~7I, O. nn"as j7,
1. llimun 5/, bo $wid FC0E
2. ttfa #l;, 0B. ttut ;,
=. lfri& kC%l, 00. la;oka BD
>. lbr$u$ s%1, 01. lananas LLD
@. lbanan 71
, 02. ddlla #D
(
F,
M. lxux !3, 0=. blmluk /5/1h
N. lamd z&G, 0>. hdiya 4C
(
F=@,
pomegranate
rrmman &
(
%,
Dapanese
plums
lm&a #k5,
apricots
lmma 5@5, %iwi
lkiwi .,
Cu+ing Produce
>n$ts of Measure"ent
scale
lmi&an k5,
gram
"ram %
%ilogram
kilu /B
O %ilogram rubu $ kilu tE
)
)
/B
P %ilogram
nskilu L /B
V %ilogram
kilu lla rob /B D
(
K %ilograms
%u% kilu J /B
plum
(
,
-
7
8
9
:
;
<
(=
((
(,
(-
(7
(8
nectarine
39 Moroccan Arab$c
5.press$ons
2i(e me a %ilo of
$tini kilu d ...
<7r0 /B
8eigh me
$br w&n liya ...
%10 /
(
,
2i(e me some
$tini wiya d ...
<7r0 4C
(
8
)ore please
&idni ... $afak <LFC 111 l0
;ow much is a %ilo of 9
bal kilu d ... ? G@E /B 111 9
8hat do you need9
nu xssk? 78 9:
(
n
8hat else9
nu axor? 78 9%n)
. need
xssni ...
<7
(
n
:o, that$s enough Snly < %ilo,
that$s allR
lla baraka. )ir kilu,
safiG
D
(
1 %| B
E /B <?2 R
0$alo-ue
shopping
tt#dya
-usan: sba lxir.
#12 %3, 66
l9xddar:
sba lxir. a b lxatr
a lalla?
#12 1 %3, ~h %v3, 9*
(
,
}
(
3,6
-usan:
b)it %u% kilu d xi&u, u
kilu d matia u nskilu
d lbarba u xtar liya i
a%a m&yana. $br liya
kilu u rubu $ d lbsla.
KpE J /B kn /B
4@r&
L /B 4E1, ;n
(
,
<8 4Jh 1 %10 4LCk&
(
, /B tE
)
)

4/1,
66
l9xddar: safi a lalla? <?2 9*
(
,
}
(
3,6
-usan: bal ttfa? G@E 9#l;, 66
l9xddar: stta l drhm l lkilu.
r
(
6 -g /., }
(
3,6
-usan:
waxxa, $br liya kilu
lla rob. aahG nsit
$tini wiya d l$sbur
u lm $dnus.
n(
%10
(
, /B D
(
O 1 K+L
<7r0 4C
(
8 1{,
LFI5,
66
l9xddar: hani a lalla.
<Lg *
(
,
}
(
3,6
-usan: bal kuli? G@E 9<@/B
)
66
l9xddar: $ndk a lalla ts $ miya u
sttin ryal.
F70 *
(
,
t+m 4
(
& >; (6 C }
(
3,6
-usan: al mn drhm? G8 >& 9-g 66
l9xddar: =N drhm.
=W -g }
(
3,6
-usan: hak a sidi, lla y9$awn.
g F6 H/, IC 66
l9xddar: lla y9xlf a lalla.
H/, A/3C *
(
,
}
(
3,6
0. fin -usan?
< >? 96
1. nu rat -usan?
K 78 %8 96
2. al rat mn kul a%a?
A G8 %8 >& oB
)
94Jh
=. we rat i a%a xora?
= %8 <8 4Jh 9%n)
>. al xllsat?
> G8 9/
(
n
3# Moroccan Arab$c
Spices and Meat
Sp$ces
spices
l $triya 4C
(
%rI, saffron
&& $fran %l0k,
salt
lmla 4G/5, turmeric
lxr$um s%3,
blac% pepper
lb&ar k1, hot pepper
lflfla 4/l/l,
ginger
skin%bir %17.6 lara 'G,
cumin
lkamun &., red hot pepper
ssudaniya 4
(
L+,
cinnamon
l$rfa 4?%{, clo(es
l$rnfl olL%{,
oregano
&& $tr %;0k, basil
lb$ 1G,
nutmeg
l"u&a 'j, papri%a
ttmira '%5G;,
At te AutcerMs
butcher
l"&&ar k
(
j,
meat
llm -G/,
lamb
l)nmi <57p,
beef
lb"ri %j1,
goat meat lm $&i kI5,
li(er
lkbda 'F1.,
ground meat
lkfta 4;l.,
meat w/o
bones
lhbra '%1=,
chic%en
dd%a% JF,
Exercise: &ou hae guests for dinner and +ou want to sere the# tea with ca/es'
then a ta-ine. List the ite#s +ou need for preparing tea8ca/es and a ta-ine
and write +our shopping list. Then' write a shopping list for an A#erican
dish.
"ood and %rin/
use the correct words and expressions concerning food and drink
express likes and dislikes using $jb to please
express necessity or obligation with xss to need / to have to
use ba to want / to like with the proper tense
"ood and %rin/
@ood
food
lmakla 4/B5, fish
lut G,
brea%fast
lftur rl, beans
llubya 4E/,
lunch
l)da Fp, lentils
l $ds FI,
dinner
l $a @I, chic% peas
lmms 5
(
G,
taEine
tta%in >Jr,
steamed pasta with
cinnamon and sugar
ssffa 4l(+,
salad
lada 4*@, (ermicelli
$riya 4C
(
%I@,
'rench fries
lfrit KC%l, )oroccan soup
lrira '%C%G,
oli(es
&&itun ;Ck, (egetable soup
ssuba 4E
,
bastila
lbstila 4/r+1, rice
rru& %,
meat
llm -G/, couscous
lksksu +.+.,
chic%en
dd%a% JF, pi""a
l66it&a k;
(
,
At a CafP
the waiter
l"arsun 6j,
blac% coffee
$hwa kla '=s 4/GB
coffee with mil%
$hwa lib '=s ~/h
half coffee, half mil%
$hwa nsns '=s L L
hot mil%
lib sxun ~/h 36
wea% coffee
$hwa xfifa '=s 4lln
strong coffee
$hwa $asa '=s 4G6s
coffee with a little mil%
$hwa mhrsa '=s 46%=&
orange Euice $asir llimun %0 5/,
apple X mil% sha%e $asir ttfa %0 #l;,
banana X mil% sha%e $asir l9banan %0 71
,
almond X mil% sha%e $asir llu& %0 /,
pot of tea
brrad d atay %
(
E m
glass of tea
kas d atay B m
with mint ... b nn $na $ $7I7,
3/ Moroccan Arab$c
:ot (ery sweet
ma9y9kun9 lu b&&af.
& yL.C /h k
(
E
,ome sugar, please
wiya d sskkar, $afak.
4C
(
8 .
(
+, l0
a glass of cold water
kas d lma bard.
B 5, E
At a Cestaurant
the menu
lmenu 75,
7lease bring me $afak %ib liya ... l0 ~J
(
,
Ho you ha(e 9 we $ndkum ... ? -B
)
F70 111 9
8hat do you ha(e9 nu $ndkum? 78 9-B
)
F70
.s there any food without meat9
we kayna i makla bla
lm?
47CB <8 4/B& *E 9-G,
. want a taEine without meat
b)it ta%in bla lm.
KpE >Jv *E -G,
8hat do you ha(e for dessert9
nu $ndkum f ddisir? 78 -B
)
F70 9%6F ,
8e want a table for (four
people)
b)ina wad ttbla dyal
'rb $a d nnas(.
7pE Fh 4/1r, C 6 4IE 7, )
outside
$la brra /0 %
(
E
inside
ldaxl onF,
0he bill, please
lsab $afak.
+G, l0
0o your health
b ssa.
4G
(
,
0o your health (response)
lla y9$tik ssa.
H/, :rIC 4G
(
,
;ow do you li%e the food9
kif %atk lmakla? AB :mJ 94/B5,
. ha(e no complaints
ma $ndi man"ul.
& F70 jL&
0he food is delicious
lmakla ldida bnina.
4/B5, 'FCF, / 477E
0$alo-ue
<arla u Jason f rristora DB 6J 'r6%
,
l9"arsun: t9fddluG mrbabikum.
O -.
)
E
1h%& /}
(
lm 6j,6
Jason: ukran. we kayna i
tbla dyal %u% d nnas?
1
%.8) 47CB <8 4/1v C

J 97,
6J6
l9"arsun: m $lum kayna. fin b)itu
t9"lsu? /I& 1 >? 47CB ;pE 9+/jm 6j,6
Jason: b)ina wad ttbla da
ssr%m.
7pE Fh 4/1r, Fh -J%+, 6J6
l9"arsun: nu b)itu t9aklu? 78 ;pE 9/Bm 6j,6
<arla: nu $ndkum? 78 9-B
)
F70 DB6
l9"arsun: ha lmenu.
g 75, 6j,6
<arla: ana b)it lada u ksksu b
l)nmi.
L KpE 4*8 +.+B
<57p,
DB6
l9"arsun: waxxa a lalla. u nta a
sidi?
n(
1 *
(
,
L 9F6 6j,6
Jason: ana kanakul )ir lxdra.
we kayna i makla bla
lm?
L oB
)
7B
%| 1 '%}3, 47CB
<8 4/B& *E 9-G,
6J6
l9"arsun: iyehG kayna llubya.
O 47CB HCx 4E/, 6j,6
Jason: waxxa. %ib liya lada u
tbsil d llubya.
1 ~J n(
(
, 4*8 o+1v
4E/,
6J6
l9"arsun: we b)itu t9rbu i
a%a?
;pE E%@m <8 94Jh 6j,6
<arla: ana b)it kuka barda.
L KpE BB 'E DB6
Jason: ana b)it )ir lma $afak. L KpE %| 5, l0 6J6
YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY
Jason: lsab $afak. +G, l0 6J6
l9"arsun: @B drhm.
@J -g 6j,6
Jason: hak a sidi.
g F6 6J6
l9"arsun: lla y9xlf. kif %atkum
lmakla?
H/, 1 AB A/3C -.
)
mJ 94/B5, 6j,6
<arlaJason: bninaG $%batna b&&af. O 7m10 477E k
(
E DB 6J 6
l9"arsun: b ssa u rraa.
4G
(
, 4h%, 6j,6
<arlaJason: lla y9$tik ssa. H/, :rIC 4G
(
, DB 6J 6
0. fin mau <arla u Jason?
< >? @& DB 96J
1. nu klau?
K 78 9*B
2. we rbu i a%a? nu rbu?
A E%8 <8 94Jh 78 9E%8
=. al xlsu?
= G8 9/n
>. kif %athum lmakla?
> AB -=
)
mJ 94/B5,
The >eflexie erb *to please 8 to li/e,
In &ari/a) it is not co##on to sa-) !itera!!-) ,I !i2e so#ething.. ?ather) we use the construction)
,So#ething p!eases #e.. In rea!it-) this phrase wou!d trans!ate into the 4ng!ish ,I !i2e so#ething). but
what is i#portant is that -ou understand that the ,person who !i2es. is actua!!- the ob/ect of the
sentence) and the ,thing !i2ed. is the sub/ect. At first) it wi!! see# bac2wardF in fact) it is Hfro# an
4ng!ish spea2er@s perspectiveI. In ti#e -ou wi!! use this construction natura!!-.
?ow to Con;u-ate )to please*
The verb ,to p!ease. is $jb. It can be tric2- to con/ugate because) as we said) the sub/ect of the verb is
actua!!- the ob/ect that is ,!i2ed). and the ob/ect is the person who ,!i2es.. Thus) if I want to sa-) ,9e
!i2es the#). I !itera!!- need to sa-) ,The- p!ease hi#.. A!so) as a resu!t of this) the verb must always
agree in gender and number with the subject, that is, the thing liked. In the present tense) therefore)
the con/ugation of the verb can be out!ined in the fo!!owing #annerE
2ntroduce "resent Tense
3erb
*oot
&or "lural
&orm >nly
>b?ect
"ronouns
kay
(masc. sing.)
kat
(fem. sing.)
kay
(masc/fem ,lu".)
$jb u
ni
k
u / h
ha
na
kum
hum
33 Moroccan Arab$c
So#e e5a#p!esE
.t (masc sing) pleases me
(ie . li%e it)
kay $%bni <71IB
.t (fem sing) pleases me

(ie . li%e it)
kat $%bni <71I;B
0hey (masc plur) please me

(ie . li%e them)
kay $%buni <L1IB
0hey (fem plur) please me

(ie . li%e them)
kay $%buni <L1IB
Present Tense 5.a"ples

In the fo!!owing e5a#p!es) we use the trans!ation ,to !i2e.. The !itera! trans!ation wou!d be ,to p!ease..
$jb with masculine singular sub?ect
. li%e couscous
kay $%bni ksksu.
<71IB
+.+B
. li%e chocolate kay $%bni klat. <71IB
*.@,
,he li%es tea
kay $%bha atay.
=1IB
m
8e li%e )orocco kay $%bna lm)rib. 71IB
p5,
;e li%es taEines
kay $%bu tta%in.
1IB
>Jr,
$jb with 0eminine singular sub?ect
. li%e salad
kat $%bni lada.
<71I;B
4*@,
Ho you li%e coffee9 we kat $%bk l$hwa? :1I;B
9'={,
,he does not li%e beer
ma9kat $%bha9 lbirra.
& =1I;B
%
(
1,
$jb with masculine10eminine plural sub?ect
. li%e the people of )orocco
kay $%buni nnas d
lm)rib.
<L1IB
7, %
p5,
;e li%es boo%s kay $%buh lktub. 1IB
;.,
Ho you (plur) li%e %ids9
we kay $%bukum ddrari? -B
)
1IB
9F,
8e don$t li%e them ma9kay $%buna9. & L1IB
1
Past Tense 5.a"ples
The verb $jb can a!so be used in the past tense) as in ,I !i2ed it. or ,It p!eased #e.. It is con/ugated !i2e
a!! regu!ar verbs in the past tense.
$jb with masculine singular sub?ect
. li%ed dinner
$%bni l $a.
<710 @I,
;e li%ed mint tea $%bu atay b nn $na $. 10 m $7I7,
,he didn$t li%e fat bread
ma9$%bha9 xub& ma.
& =10 k1n) 45G@,
Hid you li%e the chic%en9 we $%bk dd%a%? :10 9JF,
$jb with 0eminine singular sub?ect
. li%ed the soup $%batni lrira. <7m10 '%C%G,
;e didn$t li%e the salad ma9$%batu9 lada. & m10 4*@,
Hid you li%e the old medina9
we $%batk lmdina
l$dima?
:m10 47CF5, 945CF{,
$jb with masculine10eminine plural sub?ect
. li%ed the people of my (illage
$%buni nnas dyal dduwar
dyali.
<L10 7, C
(
F, <,C
Hid you li%e these boo%s9 we $%buk had lktub? 10 Fg 9;.,
,he didn$t li%e the colors
ma9$%buha9 lluwan.
& g10 /,
@ollowed by Anoter 'erb
$jb can be fo!!owed b- another verb. The second verb is a!wa-s con/ugated in the present) according to
the sa#e ru!e that -ou a!read- !earned regarding verbs fo!!owing other verbs Hsee page <I. ?e#e#ber
that for the second verb) therefore) we re#ove the ka HB
I to p!ace it after $jb.

. li%e to sleep after lunch
kay $%bni n9n $s mura
l)da.
<71IB
fI7L & Fp,

;e li%es to play soccer
kay $%bu y9l $b lkura.
1IB
~I/C '%.
)
,
,he doesn$t li%e to wa%e up
early
ma9kay $%bha9 t9fi$
bkri.
& =1IB
lm %.E
Ho you li%e to run early in the
morning9
we kay $%bk t9%ri ssba
bkri?
:1IB
%m #1, 9%.E
8hat do you li%e to do on the
wee%end9
nu kay $%bk t9dir f
lweekend?
78 :1IB
%CFm 9FL.C,
Exercise: Ma/e correct sentences using $jb.
we
kat9$%bk
l9xdma
dyalk? 9:,C
4&F3,
:1I;B
kat9$%bu dyalu? 9,C 1I;B
kat9$%bha dyalha? 9=,C =1I;B
iyeh
kat9$%bni
b&&af.
wiya.
k
(
E
4C8
<71I;B
HCx kat9$%bu 1I;B
kat9$%bha =1I;B
4B Moroccan Arab$c
Exercise: Ma/e as #an+ sentences Aaffir#atie and negatieB as +ou can with $jb
using these pictures.
Su%y
Ahmed
*onny @
6ancy
Aicha
VNVRROP SQ[VZ %G1, $s G, yC%@m &.
#aCKriCK !CMut f G!$ !CbMr.
Dont buy fish on the bottom of the sea.
English e-ui(alent6 Hon$t count your chic%ens before they hatch
The :erb *to need' to hae to' #ust' should,
The verb xss H
(
nI trans!ates into a!! of the fo!!owing in 4ng!ishE ,to need. or ,to have to. or ,#ust. or
,shou!d.. It is con/ugated b- adding the ob/ect pronouns Hsee page 55I to the end of the verb. 'ou do
not nor#a!!- con/ugate it !i2e a present tense verbF that is) -ou do not add kay or kat before the verb.
Li2e other verbs) however) xss #a- be fo!!owed b- a second verb which is con/ugated in the present
tense) but without the prefi5 ka Hsee page <I. So#e e5a#p!esE
. ha(e to learn *rabic well
xssni n9t $llm l $rbiya
m&yan.
<7
(
n -/
(
I;L 4
(
E%I, Ck&
Gou should be on time
xssk t9%i f lw$t.
:
(
n <m Ks,
Gou shouldn$t stay up late
ma9xssk9 t9shr.
& y.
(
n %=+m
. ha(e to go
xssni n9mi.
<7
(
n <@5L
The #eaning in the above e5a#p!es depends !arge!- on the conte5t. 9owever) when xss is fo!!owed b-
a noun) it on!- #eans ,to need.. So#e e5a#p!esE
. need cigarettes
xssni l"arru.
<7
(
n
(
j,
,he needs a noteboo%
xssha dftar.
=
(
n %; ?
The past tense of xss is for#ed b- adding the verb kan before it. 'ou do not con/ugate kan if xss is
fo!!owed b- another verb. If xss is fo!!owed b- a noun) however) kan #ust agree in gender and nu#ber
with that noun. 45a#p!esE
. had to study yesterday
kan xssni n9$ra lbar.
B <7
(
n %{L #1,
. needed a boo%
kan xssni ktab.
B <7
(
n ;B
. needed a tic%et
kant xssni wr$a.
KLB <7
(
n 4s
. needed boo%s
kanu xssni ktub.
LB <7
(
n ;B
Exercise: )rite the expressions that go along with these signs using the erb xss .
Exercise: Answer the following 0uestion in Moroccan Arabic.
nu xssk ba t9kun mutatawwi $ na%? 78 :
(
n E .m $
; &
)
9qJL
49 Moroccan Arab$c
The :erb *to want' to li/e,
The verb ba trans!ates into the 4ng!ish ,to want. and ,to !i2e.. +hen con/ugated in the past tense) the
verb e5presses ,to want). but with a present tense meaning Hsee page 1<I. +hen con/ugated in the
present tense) the verb e5presses ,to !i2e). a!so with a present tense #eaning. An e5a#p!eE
. li%e mint tea kanb)i atay b nn $na $. <p17B
m $7I7,
+hen the verb is used with ob/ect pronouns Hsee page 55I in the present tense) it #eans ,to !ove. or ,to
!i2e. so#eone. 45a#p!esE
. lo(e you / . li%e you
kanb)ik.
:p17B
. lo(e him / . li%e him

kanb)ih.
Hp17B
. lo(e her / . li%e her

kanb)iha.
=p17B
+hen this verb is fo!!owed b- another verb) the second verb is a!wa-s con/ugated in the present tense
without the prefi5 ka Hsee page <I. So#e e5a#p!esE
. li%e to drin% coffee in the
morning
kanb)i n9rb l$hwa f
ssba.
<p17B
%@L '={, #1,

;e li%es to read at night
kayb)i y9$ra b llil.
<p1B
%{C o/,
Because the past tense of bLa e5presses a present tense meaning of ,to want). to e5press a past tense
meaning of ,to want). -ou #ust first use a past tense con/ugated for# of the verb kan) fo!!owed b- the
past tense for# of ba. 45a#p!esE
. wanted to lea(e early
knt b)it n9xr% bkri.
K7B KpE %3L %.E
,he wanted to tell him
something
kant b)at t9"ul lih i
a%a.
KLB pE jm H, <8 4Jh
Exercise: "or each #eal' write at least three sentences in which +ou express
Moroccan food +ou li/e or disli/e for brea/fast' lunch' and dinner.
l'ftu" rl, l'da Fp, l'$a @I,
0. kan9b)i l9bidf
l9ftur
1.
2.
0.
1.
2.
0.
1.
2.
(;
,=
(<
,(
,<
,9
,;
,8
,:
,,
,7
,-
<
:
(=
((
(,
;
9
-
,
(
7
8
(-
(7
(9
(:
(8
Medical . Cod+
describe, in Darija, body parts and common illnesses
Cod+ Parts
0. w%h HJ 0@. r%l oJ
1. fmm -
(
? 0M. sb $ t12
2. lya 4G, 0N. $r %I8
=. $n$ 70 0O. %bha 4=1J
>. ktf A;B 1B. wdn
@. sdr F2 10. nk :7h
M. dra $ $ 11. nif AL
N. mrf$ ?%& 12. $in >0
O. ydd F
(
C 1=. %ban 1h
0B. sb $ t12 1>. snan 76
00. dfr %l 1@. lsan +,
01. kr %B 1M. nayf AC78
02. fxd F3? 1N. musta r6&
0=. rkba 41B 1O. lya 4G,
0>. "dm F breast
b&&ula 4,k
(
E
4# Moroccan Arab$c
9ealth Proble#s
8hat$s wrong with you9
nu $ndk? 78 9F70
8hat$s the matter9
malek? 9:,&
8hat ails you9
ba mrid? E 9zC%&
8hat aches9
nu kaydrk? 78 9%}B
. ha(e a fe(er
fiya ssxana.
<
i
? 4L3+,
. ha(e a cold
fiya rwa drbni lbrd.
<
i
? # / <7E% %1,
. ha(e a sore throat
fiya lla$m.
<
i
? -s*G,
.$m constipated
$ndi l$bt kri $asa.
F70 1{, / <8%B 4G6s
.$m allergic to
$ndi lasasiya d . . .
F70 4
(
6+G
,
. . . kaydirkat9dir
liya lasasiya.
/ %CF;B
%CFB
(
, 4
(
6+G
,
. ha(e a headache
kaydrni rasi.
<L%}B
<6
)y ear aches
katdrni wdni.
<L%};B
<L
. feel di""y
kans b dduxa.
fG7B
4nF,
.$m inEured
t%rt.
Kh%m
.$m burnt
tr$t.
Ks%Gm
. ha(e a toothache
katdrni wad ddrsa.
<L%};B
Fh 46%},
)y hurts
kaydrni ...
<L%}B

. (omit / throw up
kant$iya.

(
{;7B
. need to see a doctor

xssni n9uf ttbib.
<7
(
n @L ~1r,
&ia!ogue
Latifa: malek, yak labas? :,& C 9ED 4lr,
6
Amy: kaydrni kri.
<L%}B
<8%B <
5C6
Latifa: we fik lu% $b&&af? :? tJ, 9k
(
E 4lr,
6
Amy: ay, b&&afG
k
(
E R <
5C6
Latifa:
sbri wya, )adi n9tbx
lik wad lkas d && $tr,
d$$a btlaG
%12 4C8 | 1rL :, Fh
., %;0k, 4s ( 4/rE R
4lr,
6
Amy:
lla lla $afak, ma9ymkn9
liya n9rb l $ub.
D
(
D
(
l0 & y7.5C
(
, %@L
@I,
<
5C6
Latifa:
waxxa, kifa ymkn liya
n9$awnk?
n(
lB >.5C
(
, 9:LIL 4lr,
6
Amy:
ttasli $afak b had rra$m
d hay*at ssalam ba y9
$iytu $liya.
</m i l0 Fg -s%
, 4ug
*+
, E r
(
IC 4
(
/0
<
5C6
Latifa: hiya lluwla, ma9y9kun
bas.
<
g 4,
(
/, & .C E 4lr,
6
Amy: ahla y9wrrik i bas.
*g :C
(
C <8 E <
5C6
0. ba mrida Amy?
< E 4}C%& 9<5C
1. we $tatha Latifa i dwa? K =mr0 4lr,
<8 9
2. $la ma9b)at9 Amy t9rb l $ub?
A *0 & ympE <5C %@m 9@I,
=. we mat Amy $ nd ttbib? $la? = @& <5C F70 9~1r, 9*0
Exercise: )hat #ight +ou sa+ if +ou were the person in each picture<
Site :isit Expressions
Here are some useful expressions you may need during your site visit.
)y name is . am a (olunteer
with 7eace Corps
smiti ... ana mutatawwi
$ m $a hay*at ssalam.
<;56 111 L $
; &
)
t
& 4ug *+
,
. will be wor%ing here for two
years at
)adi n9xdm hna $amayn
f ...
| F3L 7g >&
0
.$m going to spend two days
with you (to host family)
)adi n9"ls m $akum
yumayn.
| f/jL -.
)
I
& >&
C
8here is the youth center9
fin kayna dar bab? >? 47CB 91@,
8here is the hospital /
delegation9
fin kayn ssbitar
lmndubiya?
>? >CB r1, / 94
(
EF75,
8hat is the name of the chief
doctor9
nu smit lmidsan ef
$afak?
78 456 6F5 , 8 9l0
8here is the agriculture office9
fin kayn mktb lfilaa
$afak?
>? >CB ~;.& 4h*l, 9l0
8here is the water and forest
office9
fin kayn mktb lmiyah u
l)abat?
>? >CB ~;.&
(
5, 9Ep,
8here is the handicraft
center9
fin kayna larti&ana
ssina $a tt$lidiya $afak?
>? 47CB Lkm%,
/ 407 , 4C
(
F/{;,
9l0
8here is the post office9
fin kayna lbosta? >? 47CB 94r61,
7lease, . want to open a post
bo5
lla y9xllik, b)it n9ft
bwat66ostal.
H/, :/
(
3C KpE q;lL E r6
(
8hat do . ha(e to do9

nu xssni n9dir? 78 <7
(
n 9%CFL
;ow much do . ha(e to pay (a
year)9
al xssni n9xls
'l l $am(?
G8 <7
(
n /3L 6 7 9 I,
8here is the ban%, please9
fin kayna lbanka $afak?
'l9bnk $bi(
>? 47CB 4.71
, 9l0 6 :71,
<1I@,)
. want to open a ban% account
b)it n9ft kontbonkir.
KpE q;lL LB %.LE
8here is the 2endarme / police
station, please9
fin %%ondarm
lkumisariya, $afak?
>? F7
)
, / 4C
(
+& ., 9l0
Can you please gi(e me your
phone number, please9 (at
2endarme / police station)
we ymkn lik t9$tini r$m
ttilifun dyalkum, $afak?
>.5C :, <7rIm -s l/ ; ,
-.
)
,C 9l0
. want to get a cart de seEour
b)it n9sawb la9kartd
si%ur.
KpE L .,
6
.s there a pharmacy here9
we kayn i frmasyan
hna?
>CB <8 +&
%? 97g
.s there a telebouti-ue here9
we kayn i tilibutik
hna?
>CB <8 :m1/m 97g
Ho you sell cell phone cards9
we katbi $ la9kartd
l966ortabl?
t1;B
.,
9oEv
(
,
8hich ser(ice is a(ailable here6
)editel or )aroc 0elecom9
we kayna Meditel wlla
Maro5 ,ele5om?
47CB o;CF& D
(
& 9./m
.s there cell phone reception /
co(erage9
we kayn rri&o? >CB 9kC%,
.s there C0) (the bus
company)9
we kayn ssatyam? >CB 9;+
,
8hat day/time is transportation
a(ailable9
amn nharw$t kaykun
lmrkub?
>58 / Ks =L .B
9B%5,
.s there a cyber cafQ here9
we kayna l9anternet
hna?
47CB KL%;LD 97g
;ow far is it from here9 al b $ida mn hna? G8 'FIE >& 97g
8hich day is the sou%9
amn nhar kaykun ssu$? >58 =L .B
9+,
.s there any association here9
we kayna i %m $iya
hna?
47CB <8 4
(
I5J 97g
As2 -our L*" for another words or e5pressions -ou thin2 -ou #a- need for site visit.
VNVRROP SQ[VZ , o5GB
4r{L 4r{L.
nGta b nGta 2a-CM#! !Cwad.
Drop by drop the river rises.
English e-ui(alent6 ?ome wasn$t built in a day
Trael
describe future activities
identify means of transportation and use appropriate expressions for travel
"uture Tense
&epending upon where -ou are in Morocco) peop!e #a- for# the future tense different!-. 4ver-one in
Morocco) however) shou!d understand -ou regard!ess of which wa- -ou for# the future tense.
@or"$n- te @uture Tense
To for# the future tense) ta2e the present tense for#) drop the prefi5 ka) and add adi. ThusE
to tra(el
safr %?6
. will tra(el
)adi n9safr | %?+L
you will tra(el (masc sing)
)adi t9safr | %?+m
you will tra(el (fem sing)
)adi t9safri | %?+m
he will tra(el
)adi y9safr | %?+C
she will tra(el
)adi t9safr | %?+m
we will tra(el
)adi n9safru | %?+L
you will tra(el (plur)
)adi t9safru | %?+m
they will tra(el
)adi y9safru | %?+C
In so#e p!aces) adi is a!so used with a fe#inine for#) adya) and a p!ura! for#) adyin. In this case)
the future tense wou!d be as fo!!owsE
to tra(el
safr %?6
. will tra(el (masc)
)adi n9safr | %?+L
. will tra(el (fem)
)adya n9safr 4C| %?+L
)adi t9safr | %?+m
)adya t9safri 4C| %?+m
he will tra(el
)adi y9safr | %?+C
she will tra(el
)adya t9safr 4C| %?+m
we will tra(el
)adyin n9safru >C| %?+L
)adyin t9safru >C| %?+m
they will tra(el
)adyin y9safru >C| %?+C
So#eti#es) adi is contracted to a. The future tense in this caseE
to tra(el
safr %?6
. will tra(el
)an9safr %?+7|
)at9safr %?+;|
)at9safri %?+;|
he will tra(el
)ay9safr %?+|
she will tra(el
)at9safr %?+;|
we will tra(el
)an9safru %?+7|
)at9safru %?+;|
they will tra(el
)ay9safru %?+|
Ne-at$on of te @uture Tense
To for# the negative of the future tense) add ma... H & 111 I to adi) adya) or adyin.
8ill you tra(el9
we )adi t9safr? | 9%?+m
:o, . will not tra(el
lla, ma9)adi9 n9safr.
D
(
& yC| %?+L
To e5press ,wi!! never). we do not use the future tense) but rather ma $mm" H & %5
(
0 I and the present
tense of a verb without the prefi5 ka.
. will ne(er smo%e ma $mmri n9kmi. & %5
(
0 <5.L
8e will ne(er tra(el at night
ma $mmrna n9safru b
llil.
& L%5
(
0 %?+L o/,
To e5press ,not -et. when spea2ing about the future) use ma+al ma H & & I or ba#i ma H <sE & I with
the future tense.
8e will not go to bed yet ma&al ma )adyin n9n $su. & & >C| +IL (
. will not get married yet
ba$i ma )adi n9t&uw%.
<sE & |
(
k;L
For the remainder of the book, all of the different forms of the future tense will be used in order for you
to become familiar with all of them.
>s$n- te Part$c$ple adi to Mean ),o$n-*
In 4ng!ish) we have two wa-s of e5pressing the future.
I will speak to him tomorrow.
I am going to speak to him tomorrow.
Both of these wa-s of e5pressing the future are e5pressed b- the future tense in Moroccan Arabic. In
the fo!!owing e5a#p!es) therefore) both 4ng!ish trans!ations can be given for the Arabic e5pressions.
8hat will . wear9
8hat am 2 going to wear9
nu )adi n9lbs? 78 | 9f1/L
. will sleep
. am going to sleep
)adi n9n $s. | fIL (
+hen the word adi is preceded b- the con/ugated past tense of the verb kan) ,to be). it indicates a
past intention or a past future. So#e e5a#p!esE
$e was going to tra(el to
*merica, but he didn$t ha(e a
(isa (ie he had intended)
kan adi y9safr l
mirikan welakin
ma9kan9 $ndu l;i&a.
B | %?+C .C%& >. ,
&
yLB F70 k,
She was going to marry last
year (ie she had planned)
kant adya t9t&uw% l $am
lli fat.
KLB 4C|
(
k;m I, </, ?
8BB Moroccan Arab$c
The use of adi to indicate future or past future shou!d be distinguished fro# its use as a particip!e to
indicating that so#eone is !itera!!- ,going. so#ewhere at the present #o#ent Hor ,was going. at a past
#o#entI. In other words) besides its ro!e as an ,au5i!iar- verb. to indicate future) adi a!so acts as the
active particip!e of the verb ma) ,to go.. Thus) ma is used on!- to e5press a habitual action when it is
con/ugated in the present tense. To e5press a current action) the particip!e adi is used.
. go to sou% on 0uesdays
(habitual)
kanmi l ssu$ nhar
ttlat.
<@57B
+, =L *;,
. am going to sou% (now)
ana )adi l ssu$.
L | +,
8here do you go e(ery
wee%end9 (habitual)
fin katmi kul weekend? >? <@5;B
oB
)
9FL.C
8here are you going9 (now)
fin )adi? >? 9|
This idea of a current) progressive action #a- a!so be e5pressed in the past) and shou!d be
distinguished) again) fro# the idea of past intention or past future that was discussed above.
;e was going to tra(el to
*merica, but he didn$t ha(e a
(isa (past intention)
kan )adi y9safr l
mirikan welakin
ma9kan9 $ndu l;i&a.
B | %?+C .C%& >. ,
&
yLB F70 k,
;e was going to sou% when he
saw his friend (past progressi#e
action)
kan )adi l ssu$ mlli af
sabu.
B | +, </
(
& 8
1h2
. was not going to lie to youR
(negati#e past intention)
ma9knt9 )adi n9kdb
$likG
& y;7B | F.L :/0 R
. was not going to sou%R
(negati#e past progressi#e
action)
ma9knt9 )adi l ssu$G
& y;7B | +, R
Peace Corps / Morocco 8B8
T$"e 5.press$ons
tomorrow
)dda F
(
|
day after tomorrow
b $d )dda FIE F
(
|
tomorrow morning
)dda f ssba F
(
| #1,
tomorrow afternoon/e(ening
)dda f l $iya F
(
| 4
(
@I,
ne5t ,aturday
ssbt %%ay lma%i K1+, , / <J5,
ne5t wee%
ssimana %%aya lma%ya 4L5+, 4C, / 4J5,
ne5t month
hr %%ay lma%i %=@, , / <J5,
ne5t year
l $am %%ay lma%i I, , / <J5,
ne5t summer
ssif %%ay lma%i A, , / <J5,
in a wee% / month / year
mn hna simana hr
$am
>& 7g 4L56 / %=8 / 0
one day / some day
wad nhar i nhar Fh =L / <8 =L
after lunch / dinner
mn b $d l)da l $a >& FIE Fp, / @I,
So#e e5a#p!es of the future tense using ti#e e5pressionsE
*re you going to go to the
cinema in the e(ening9
we )adi t9mi l
ssinima f l $iya?
| <@5m 57 +,
94
(
@I,
:o, .$m not going to go .$m
going to sleep a little bit
lla, ma9)adi9 n9mi.
)adi n9n $s wiya.
D
(
& yC| 1 | <@5L fIL (
4C
(
8
*fter dinner, .$ll read my boo%
mn b $d l $a, )adi n9$ra
lktab dyali.
>& FIE @I, | %{L ;.,
<,C
,omeday, . (fem) will spea%
*rabic well
i nhar, )adya n9tkllm l
$rbiya m&yan.
<8 =L 4C| -/
(
.;L 4
(
E%I,
Ck&
Exercise: Put the erbs in parentheses in the future tense.
4ahra: fu$a 'nad( )dda? s? 7 6 9F
(
| L '%g6
Chad: 'fa$( f M:BB.
( 7 ? 2IBB @m6
4ahra: nu 'dar( mn b $d? 78 7 6 >& 9FIE '%g6
Chad: 'ftr( u 'xr%(.
( 7 %r? 6 %n ) @mE
4ahra: fin 'ma( mn b $d? >? 7 6 >& @& 9FIE '%g6
8B9 Moroccan Arab$c
Chad:
'ma( l lxdma dyali f
01:BB. 't)dda( m $a
sabi ,om f mt$m ssalam.
mn b $d 'r% $( l d9dar. f
2:BB wiya l $rbiya m $a
lustad dyali.
( 7 @& 4&F3, <,C 89IBB 1
7 6 t
& F
(
pm <1h2 v -Ir&
1 >& *+
, FIE 7 6 tJ 1 F,
3IBB 4C
(
8 4
(
E%I, t
& ;6
)
<,C
@mE
4ahra:
we '%a( 't $a( m $ana
)dda inallah?
7 6 7 6 7I
& @( Im J F
(
| @Lx 9H/, '%g6
Chad: waxxaG n9ufkum )dda
inallah.
O -.
)
?@L n(
F
(
| @Lx H/, @mE
0$alo-ue
Mohamed: fu$a )adya t9mi l
lfla?
s? 4C| <@5m 94/lG, F5G&6
<arla: ltnin f ttmnya u ns.
>7;, 475;, L DB6
Mohamed:
amn w$t )adya t9tla$ay
lustad dyalk?
>58 Ks 4C| s*m ( ;6
)

9:,C
F5G&6
<arla: ttlat f %%u% u tulut.
*;, , K/
)
m ) DB6
Mohamed: fu$a )adia t9ufi
lfilm?
s? 4C| <?@m 9-/l, F5G&6
<arla: larb $ f t9ts $ud u rb $. tED I+;, tE DB6
Mohamed:
fu$a )adya t9l $bi
ttinis?
s? 4C| <1I/m 9f7 ; , F5G&6
<arla: lxmis f rrb $a lla rub.
f53, 4IE%, D
(
DB6
Mohamed:
imta )adya t9ufi ttbib? ;&x 4C| <?@m 9~1r, F5G&6
<arla: %%m $a f lda nian.
4I5, }G, @L DB6
Mohamed: imta )adya t9t$day? ;&x 4C| 9F{m ( F5G&6
<arla: ssbt f lxmsa $l xmsa.
K1+, 4+53, os 4+5n DB6
Mohamed: amn w$t )adi y9xr%
ttran fa )adya t9rkbi?
>58 Ks | %3C %;, ?
4C| 9<1B%m
F5G&6
<arla:
ldd f l $ra $l $smayn. F
(
G, '%@I, os >5
+s DB6
Exercise: >ead the dialogue again 0uic/l+ and write down ;arla?s plan for the
wee/ Awrite down the ti#es using nu#bers' not wordsB. Then' write +our
own schedule for the upco#ing wee/. )hat will +ou be doing each da+<
At what ti#e<
Trael
,eneral Tra:el Lnfor"at$on
Pub!ic transport in Morocco is both ine5pensive and eas- to use. Between #a/or cities) trains are the
Guic2est and #ost co#fortab!e #eans of trave!) a!though the- can be crowded at certain ti#es of -ear.
Buses are the cheapest choice and can var- in ter#s of speed and co#fort.
Traveling Between Cities
CTME This is the nationa! bus !ine) ver- co#fortab!e) on schedu!e) seats are reserved and can be
purchased in advance in #ost p!aces. 3nacco#panied baggage can be sent via *TM.
Souk busesE In each !arge town there is a bus station) such as Aua#ra in ?abat. 7ne can bu- a tic2et
one da- in advance and fares are set. So#eti#es the tic2et is for a reserved seat) other ti#es it is for
whatever seat is open when the bus goes through town. A tic2et does not necessari!- #ean there is a
rea! seat either. So#eti#es there are additiona! p!aces setup in the ais!e. 'ou have to bargain for the
price -ou pa- for -our !uggage if this gets stored on top of the bus. The price depends upon the siJe of
the piece. It is advisab!e to carr- s#a!!er pieces of !uggage -ou can store in the bus itse!f. Sou2 buses
do not a!wa-s !eave or arrive on ti#e. The- #a- stop in the #idd!e of nowhere. The- #a- a!so stop in
towns a!ong the wa- !oo2ing for additiona! passengers.
TrainE There are two c!assesE first and second. The price of an- train car with air conditioning wi!! be
higher. So#eti#es there are schedu!e changes) but no avai!ab!e printed ti#etab!es. *hec2 to be sure
that the ti#e -ou wish to trave! is sti!! accurate. Train tic2ets can be bought in advance) and this is the
on!- for# of !oca! transportation on which -ou can bu- a roundtrip tic2et.
Grand taxisE This is for trave! between !arge towns and cities. The- carr- < passengers and since the
fare is per seat) if -ou want -ou can pa- for e#pt- seats so that the ta5i !eaves ear!ier. As2 the other
passengers in the car what the regu!ar fare shou!d be) do not as2 the driver first. If -ou want to ta2e the
entire ta5i for -ourse!f) as2 for a ta5i ,coursa.. Baggage does not cost e5tra in a ta5i.
Pickup truck (camio)E In so#e areas where no pub!ic transportation is avai!ab!e) peop!e use their
persona! truc2s to carr- supp!ies to their douars) the- a!so ta2e passengers at a rate that the- deter#ine
the#se!ves.
Airport transportationE There are airport buses and trains which run fro# ?abat :i!!e to the *asab!anca
airport. There are a!so airport buses which connect the airport to *asab!anca but fro# ?abat8Sa!e
airport there are on!- ta5is.
Travel Within Cities
Petit taxisE 4ver- cit- has petit ta5is which can carr- up to three passengers. The fare is ca!cu!ated b-
#eter. +hen -ou get in the ta5i) as2 that the #eter be turned on. If there is no #eter) or if it does not
wor2) as2 the price before -ou begin. Since the ta5i can ta2e 1 passengers) if -ou are the on!- one
getting in) he can pic2 up other passengers. If -ou are the second or third person entering the ta5i) as2
the price for -our trip. At night Husua!!- b- p#I unti! sunrise) the fare is 5(V #ore than the da-ti#e
fare.
ChariotsE In ver- s#a!! vi!!ages) the chariots are used to get peop!e to the wee2!- sou2 or to towns on the
#ain road) where !arger transportation is avai!ab!e for farther distances.
Tra:el 5.press$ons
taAi
ttaxi <+Br,
8here is the ta5i stand9
fin blasa ttaxiyat? >? 42*E 9+Br,
7lease ta%e me to
wsslni $afak l...
<7/2
(
l0
. want to go to this address
b)it n9mi l had l
$unwan.
KpE <@5L Fg 7I
)
,
7lease wait a minute for me
tsnnani $afak wiya.
<L7 (+m l0 4C
(
8
;ow much, please9
al $afak? G8 9l0
0urn on the meter, please
xddm lkuntur $afak.
F
(
n ;7.
)
, l0
,top here, please
w$f hna $afak.
As 7g l0
small ta5i (petit ta5i, inside city)
taxi s)ir <+Bv %p2
large ta5i (grand ta5i, b/w cities)
taxi kbir <+Bv %1B
.s there a seat to
we kayna i blasa l...
47CB <8 42*E
Ges, there is
iyeh, kayna.
HCx 47CB
8B# Moroccan Arab$c
;ow many seats are reser(ed
so far9
al mn blasa kayna
deba?
G8 >& 42*E 47CB 9E
'our and you are the fifth rb $a u nti lxamsa. 4IE K L 4+&3,
. want to pay for K seats
b)it n9xlls%u% blays.
KpE /
(
3L J C*E
ta5i dri(er
mul taxi & <+Bv
ta5i dri(er
ifur d taxi l@, <+Bv
baggage
lba"a% 1,
trun%
lkufr %?.,
city bus
ttobis fEr,
city bus depot / stop
mattat ttobisat 4r
(
G&
+Er,
8here does bus Z stop9
fin kayw$f ttobis
r$m...?
>? AsB
fEr, 111 9 -s
Hoes bus Z stop here9
we kayw$f ttobis r$m...
hna?
AsB
fEr, 111 97g -s

Hoes this bus go by 9
we had ttobis kaydu&
$la...?
Fg fEr, FB
111 9 /0
8hich bus do . need to ta%e if .
want to go to 9
amn tobis xssni n9axud
ila b)it n9mi l...?
>58 fEv <7
(
n Fn) L Dx KpE
<@5L 111 9
Can you stop here9
we ymkn lik t9w$f hna? >.5C :, Asm 97g
last stop / terminus
ttirminus 7& %; ,
dri(er
ifur l@,
tic%et ta%er
rrusu;ur 6%,
bus (between cities)
lkar .,
bus station
mattat lkiran 4r
(
G&
%.,
8hich bus is going to 9
amn kar )adi l...? >58 B | 111 9
8hen does the bus lea(e to 9
fu$a kayxr% lkar l...? s? %3B
., 111 9
8hen does the bus arri(e to 9
fu$a kaywsl lkar l...? s? o2B
., 111 9
. want a tic%et to
b)it wad lwr$a l...? KpE Fh 4s, 111 9
;ow much is the tic%et to 9
bal lwr$a l...? G@E 4s, 111 9
. want to %eep my bag with me
b)it n9dir ssak dyali
daya.
KpE %CFL , <,C CFh
0ell me when we arri(e to
$afak ila wslna l...
"ulha liya.
l0 ,x 7/2 111 =,
(
,
dri(er
ifur l@,
dri(er$s assistant
l"risun +C%j,
;ow long will you stop here9
al )adi t9b$a hna? G8 | {1m 97g
.s this seat empty9
we had lblasa xawya? Fg 42*1, 94Cn
train
ttran l$itar %;, / r{,
Peace Corps / Morocco 8B<
train station
la"ar mattat l$itar D / 4r
(
G&
r{,
.s there a train to
we kayn i tran l...? >CB <8 %m 111 9
8here do they sell the tic%ets,
please9
fin kay$t$u lwra$ $afak? >? Ir{B
, 9l0
Can . reser(e a sleeper car to
SuEda9
we ymkn liya n9ri&ir;i
kuitl w%da?
>.5C
(
, <
L 8B
9'FJ
. want to %eep the tic%et
b)it n9tafdb lwr$a.
KpE zl; GL 4s,
0$alo-ue
nu )adya t9diri? 78 4C| 9%CFm
3oha: nu )adya t9diri
ssimana %%aya?
78 4C| %CFm 4L5+, 94C, G
)
6
Jill: )adya n9safr l
Marrake5h.
4C| %?+L yB%& oJ6
3oha: fa )adya t9mi? ? 4C| 9<@5m G
)
6
Jill: f ttran wlla f ssatyam
'C,M(.
%;, D
(
;+
, oJ6
3oha: fu$a )adya t9xr%i mn
/abat?
s? 4C| <J%3m >& 9E%, G
)
6
Jill:
)adya n9xr% f ttmnya u
nsd ssba.
4C| %3L 475;, L
#1,
oJ6
3oha: fin )adya t9"lsi f
Marrake5h?
>? 4C| <+/jm 9yB%& G
)
6
Jill: f lotil.
ov, oJ6
3oha: nu )adya t9diri tmma? 78 4C| %CFm 95
(
m G
)
6
Jill:
)adya n9tsara: )adya
n9mi l %am $ lfna u $sr
lbdi $...
4C| I 4C| +;L <@5L t&J
7l, %s tCF1,
oJE
3oha: iwa, tri$ sslama.
x C%v 4&*+, G
)
6
Jill: lla y9slmk.
H/, :5/+C oJE
0. nu b)at t9dir d%il?
< 78 pE %CFm 9oJ
1. we )adya t9mi l +es?
K 4C| <@5m 9?
2. we )adya t9mi f lkar?
A 4C| <@5m 9.,
=. fin )adya t9"ls?
= >? 4C| 9f/jm
>. fin kayna %am $ lfna?
> >? 47CB t&J 97l,
At the 9otel
look for and use hotel accommodation
use conditional sentences to express possible and impossible conditions
9otel Acco##odation
9ote!s are c!assified into categories fro# ( HnonCc!assifiedI to 5Cstar hote!s. There is a reduction of
65V on the second da- for Moroccans and foreign residents in Morocco) but on!- in c!assified hote!s.
the hotel
lotil ov,
the reception des%
larisi6syun +6 %
room
bit ambr KE / %1&8
.s there an ine5pensi(e hotel
around here9
we kayn i otil rxishna?
>CB <8 ov
)
n
97g
8here is a nice hotel9
fin kayn i otil m&yan? >? >CB <8 ov
)
9Ck&
7lease ta%e me to a hotel (to a
ta5i dri(er)
wsslni l i otil $afak. <7/2
(
<8 ov
)
l0
* room for one person (a
single)
bit dyal fra wad.
KE C %? Fh
* room for two people
bit dyal %u% d nnas.
KE C J 7,
Ho you ha(e a room a(ailable9 we $ndkum i bit xawi? -B
)
F70 <8 KE 9n
.s there a shower with hot
water9
we kayn ddu b lma ssxun?
>CB F, 5,
93+,
8hat$s the price for the room9
al ttaman dyal lbit? G8 >5
; , C 9K1,
Can . see the room9
we ymkn liya n9uf lbit? >.5C
(
, @L 9K1,
8hich floor9
amn tb$a? >58 94{1v
.s brea%fast included9
we lftur msub m $a lbit? rl, +G& t
& 9K1,
.$ll stay for K nights
)adi n9"ls %u% lilat.
| f/jL J *,
8a%e me up at please
fiy$ni f ... $afak <7{
(
? 111 l0
0$alo-ue
Ja5k u Amanda f lotil
J FL& ov,
Ja5k u
Amanda:
ssalamu $alaykum

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 J FL& 6
mul lotil: wa $alaykum ssalam

-.
)
/
0 *+
, & ov, 6
Ja5k: we kayn i ambr?
>CB <8 9%1&8 J6
mul lotil: iyeh, kayn dyal fra
wad kbir u kayn dyal
%u% fraat.
HCx >CB C %? Fh %1B
>CB C J 8%?
& ov, 6
Ja5k: b)ina dyal fra wad u
fih lmmam.
7pE C %? Fh H? 5
(
G, J6
mul lotil: mrba.
1h%& & ov, 6
Ja5k: bal lila wda?
G@E 4/, 9'Fh J6
mul lotil: 0=B drhm.
<=J -g & ov, 6
Amanda: we lma sxun?
5, 936 FL&6
mul lotil: iyeh a lalla.
HCx *
(
,
& ov, 6
Amanda: waxxa. $tina ambr.
1 7r0 n(
%1&8 FL&6
mul lotil:
$mmru had lwra$,
$afakum. ktbu $liha
ssmya, l $unwan, u r$m
l6as6or.
%5
(
0 Fg , 1 1;B -B
)
l0 =/0
45+, 7I
)
, -s 6,
& ov, 6
Ja5k: tfdl a sidi.
o}lm F6 J6
mul lotil: ukran, ha ssarut dyal
lbit. 0>@ f ttb$a
lluwla.

%.8) g +, C 1K1, 8</

4{1r, 4,
(
/,
& ov, 6
0. fin ma Ja5k u Amanda?
< >? @& J 9FL&
1. al mn bit b)au?
K G8 >& KE 9pE
2. al ttaman dyal lbit?
A G8 >5
; , C 9K1,
=. we rxishad lotil?
= n Fg 9ov,
>. nu xsshum y9diru ba y9"lsu
f had lotil?
> 78 -=
)
(
n %CFC E +/jC Fg 9ov,
The (onditional
There are two basic t-pes of conditiona! sentences in Moroccan Arabic depending on whether the ,if
c!ause. represents a possib!e condition or a contrar-CtoCfact8i#possib!e condition.
Type L Cond$t$onalI A Poss$ble Cond$t$on $n te Present/@uture
The word ila HDxI is eGuiva!ent to the 4ng!ish ,if.. It introduces a possib!e condition on!-. This t-pe of
conditiona! sentence is co#posed of the si#p!e past p!us the future) or so#eti#es the si#p!e past p!us
the i#perative. This is used in the sa#e conte5t as 4ng!ish to e5press a future probab!e condition.
.f he comes tomorrow, tell him to
call me
ila %a )dda, "ul lih y
$iytliya.
Dx J F
(
| H,
(
IC
(
,
.f . don$t come on time, go
without me
ila ma9%it9 f lw$t,
sir.
Dx & y;J Ks, %6
.f . see him, .$ll tell (it to) him
ila ftu, )adi n9"ulha
lih.
Dx ;l8 | =,jL H,
.f she finishes the wor% on time,
we$ll gi(e her some money
ila kmmlat lxdma f lw$t,
)adi n9$tiuha lflus.
Dx *5
(
B 4&F3, Ks, |
grIL /l,
.f you as% her for it, she$ll gi(e it
to you
ila tlbtiha mnha ')adi(
t9$tiha lik.
Dx =;1/v =7& 7 6 =rIm | :,
.f you go to the post office bring
me two stamps
ila miti l lbosta, %ib
liya %u% tnabr.
Dx <;@& 4r61, ~J
(
, J
%E7m
0. ila huma 'tlb( mnk lflus,
'ma( m $ahum l lbanka.
< Dx 5g ) 7 6 :7& ~/v /l, 7 6 -=
)
I
& @& 4.71
,
1. ila ana 'safr(, '%ab( kadu.
K Dx L 7 6 %?6 7 6 B J
8B3 Moroccan Arab$c
2. ila nta ma 'l$a( IhumaJ f d9dar,
'$iyt( liya.
A Dx K
L & J K 7 6 5g ) {, F, 7 6
(
,
(
0
=. ila ana 'xsr(, ma9ymkn9 liya
'sift( liha lflus.
= Dx L 7 6 %+n & y7.5C
(
, 7 6 =, l2 /l,
>. ila nta '%a( $ndi,
ana '$ta( IntaJ ttsawr.
> Dx K
L 7 6 F70 J L J K 7 6 ;, K
L r0
Type LL Cond$t$onalI An L"poss$ble Cond$t$on $n te Past/Present
The word kun HBI is used in the second t-pe of conditiona!. It a!so is eGuiva!ent to the 4ng!ish ,if..
This word introduces two different t-pes of contrar-CtoCfact conditiona!s. The first 2ind refers to past
circu#stances which did not occur. "or e5a#p!e) ,if we had wor2ed). which i#p!ies that we did not
wor2. The second refers to present but unrea! circu#stances. "or e5a#p!e) ,if I were rich). which
i#p!ies that I a# not rich. Genera! conte5t is the decisive factor in deter#ining whether present or
past contrar-CtoCfact conditions are referred to.
.f . had the money, .$d go with
you
kun kanu $ndi lflus, kun
mit m $akum.
B LB F70 /l, B K@&
-.
)
I
&
.f someone had told me, . would
ha(e come to see you
kun i wad "alha liya,
kun %it n9ufk.
B <8 Fh =,
(
, B KJ
:?@L
.f he were wor%ing here, . would
ha(e told you
kun kan kayxdm hna,
kun "ltha lik.
B B F3B
7g B =;/ :,
.f it hadn$t been for me, he would
ha(e drowned
kun ma9knt9 ana,
kun )r$.
B & y;7B L B %|
.f it were not for her, we wouldn$t
be eating
kun ma9kant9 hiya,
kun ma9knna9 n9aklu.
B & y;LB <
g B & 7 (B
/BL
Exercise: Substitute ila with kun and #a/e the necessar+ changes.
0. ila safrt, )adi n9"ls f lotil.
< Dx %?6 | f/jL ov,
1. ila miti l Marrake5h,
&ur %am $ lfna.
K Dx <;@& yB%& t&J 7l,
2. ila nsiti, )an9fkkrk.
A Dx <;+L %.
(
l7|
=. ila kant ms nhar ldd %%ay,
)an9miu l lbr.
= Dx KLB f58 =L F
(
G, , @57| %G1,
>. ila t $lmti l $rbiya m&yan,
)adi t9kun mutatawwi $ na%.
> Dx <;5/Im 4
(
E%I, Ck& | .m $
; &
)
qJL
@. ila ma9tarmti9 $anun ssayr,
)adi t9%ibha f rask.
@ Dx & y;&%; h Ls %+
, | =1m :6
At the Post 7ffice
buy stamps and send letters and parcels
use prepositions correctly with verbs
The Post 7ffice
Sta#ps are avai!ab!e at tobacco stores in addition to the post office. It is best to #ai! -our !etters at the
#ai! s!ot outside the post office since pic2Cups can be infreGuent at other #ai! bo5es. +hen sending
pac2ages out of the countr-) -ou are reGuired to fi!! out a custo#s dec!aration for#. Be sure to !eave
the pac2age open because an officia! is reGuired to see the contents before it is sea!ed.
'ocabulary
post office
lbosta 4r61,
address
ladrisa 4+CF,
en(elope
%wa J l $unwan 7I
)
,
letter
bra %E post card
kart66ostal B r6
(
stamp
tanbr %17m money order
lmanda 4}L5,
stamps
tnabr %E7m pac%age
kulya 4,B
registered
letter
bra rikomandi %E FL&B
normal
$adi 0
postman
lfaktur ;Bl, e5press
ix6res fC%+Bx
post bo5
bwat66ostal E r6
( customs
ddiwana 4LCF,
bo5 (for a
pac%age)
kartona 4LvB tape
sskot ym.+,
glue
lsa$ ,
'erbs
to send
sift l2 to close / seal
dd F
(
8
to paste
lss$
(
, to recei(e
twssl b o2
(
m
to fill in (a form) $mmr %5
(
0
5.press$ons
. want a stamp for the B, /
)orocco please
b)it wad ttanbr dyal
mirikan lm)rib $afak.
KpE Fh %17; , C .C%& /
%
p5, l0
. want to send this letter / this
pac%age
b)it n9sifthad lbra
had lkulya.
KpE lL Fg %1, / Fg 4,.,
;ow much will . pay to send
this9
bal )adi n9sift
had ... ?
G@E | lL Fg 111 9
;ow much time will it ta%e for it
to arri(e to 9
al d lw$t kayxsba t9
wsl l ... ?
G8 Ks, 3B
E o2m
111 9
8hy don$t letters arri(e -uic%ly9
$la lbrawat makaywslu9
d)iya.
*0 %
1, & /2B
4
(
|
88B Moroccan Arab$c
0$alo-ue
f lbosta 4r61,
Judy: b)it ttnabr, lla
yxllik.
KpE %E7;, H/, :/
(
3C J6
l9muwddaf: fin )adya t9sifti
lbrawat?
>? 4C| <rlm 9%
1, A
i

(
5,6
Judy:
b)it n9siftwda $adiya
l mirikan u wda
rikumandi hna f lm)rib.
KpE lL 'Fh 4C
(
0 .C%&
'Fh FL&B
7g %
p5,
J6
l9muwddaf:
waxxa a lalla, $ndk
11.>B drhm.
n(
*
(
,
F70 991<B -g A
i

(
5,6
Kaul: ana b)it n9siftkulya l
mirikan.
L KpE lL 4,B .C%& 6
l9muwddaf: ara n9uf nu fiha.
@L 78 =? A
i

(
5,6
Kaul: hak a sidi.
g F6 6
l9muwddaf: $mmr had lmtbu $ $ afak.
%5
(
0 Fg $1r5, l0 A
i

(
5,6
YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY
l9muwddaf:
we t9siftha $adi wlla
ix6res?
=rlm 0 D
(
9fC%+Bx A
i

(
5,6
Kaul: )ir $adi $afak.
%| 0 l0 6
l9muwddaf:
waxxa a sidi, $ndk 1>B
drhm.
n(
F6 F70 9<B -g A
i

(
5,6
Kaul ? Judy: ukran, bslama.

%.8) 4&*+, J 6
l9muwddaf: lla y9$awn.
H/, IC A
i

(
5,6
0. nu katdir Judy f lbosta?
< 78 %CF;B
J 94r61,
1. we b)at t9siftlbrawat ix6res?
K pE lm %
1, 9fC%+Bx
2. nu b)a y9siftKaul?
A 78 pE lC 9
=. nu xssu y9dir?
= 78
(
n 9%CFC
Exercise: Ma/e as #an+ sentences as +ou can using the following words. &ou
#a+ need to add so#e of +our own words.
mit
@&
K
b)au pE ra %8 manda 4}L&
ma
@&
b)ina 7pE af 8 kulya 4,B

mat
@&
l l9bosta $la $$a b)it KpE xda Fn tnabr %E7m

mina
7@&
4r61, /0 {(h b)at pE sift l2 mirikan .C%&

mau
@&
b)a
pE
srf
%2
bwat
66ostal
E
r6
(
mitu
;@&
b)itu ;pE
!sing Prepositions with Pronoun Endings . :erbs
Learning how to use prepositions correct!- can so#eti#es be tric2-. "irst) the prepositions don@t
a!wa-s correspond direct!- to 4ng!ish prepositions . Thus) at different ti#es in Moroccan Arabic we
wi!! use different prepositions for what wou!d be the sa#e preposition in 4ng!ish. Second) prepositions
so#eti#es change in #eaning depending upon the verb the- are used with. This is true in 4ng!ish) tooE
She spoke on the rights of homeless people. (on means on the subject of)
I put the book on the table. (on means on top of)
+ith these cha!!enges) it #a- ta2e awhi!e for -ou to be a #aster of &ari/a prepositions. But with
continued use and e5posure) the- wi!! beco#e natura! for -ou) /ust as greetings are now natura! for -ou.
In this section) we wi!! !oo2 at two aspects of prepositionsE 1. how to connect prepositions with pronoun
endings) and 6. which verbs use certain prepositions.
So#e prepositions -ou have a!read- !earned Hsuch as dyalI si#p!- add the nor#a! pronoun endings
He5. dyali) dyalk) etc.I. The fo!!owing prepositions) however) change s!ight!- when pronoun endings
are addedE
to / for
l
on / about
$la /0
with
m $a t
&
in / at / about
f
with / by
b
Te Prepos$t$on )l*
The preposition l HI often #eans ,to. He5. I gave so#ething to -ouI or ,for. He5. I did so#ething for
-ouI. It #a- a!so be used with certain verbs si#p!- to e5press the #eaning of the verbF in these cases) it
doesn@t trans!ate into an-thing in 4ng!ish. To add the pronoun endingsE
to / for
l
to / for me
liya li
(
, / <,
to / for you (sing)
lik :,
to / for him
lih lu H, / ,
to / for her
liha =,
to / for us
lina 7,
to / for you (plur)
likum -.
)
,
to / for them
lihum -=
)
,
So#e verbs that go with this prepositionE
e5cuse
sm l q56 send (to)
sift'l(
l2 6 )
e5plain (to)
fssr 'l(
%+
(
? 6 ) bring (to)
%ab 'l(
J 6 )
say (to)
"al 'l(
6 )
to be possible
(for)
ymkn 'l(
>.5C 6 )
889 Moroccan Arab$c
So#e e5a#p!esE
Nristin sent a letter to Chad
<ristin siftat bra
l Chad.
>;6%B rl2 %E @m
Nristin sent a letter to him
<ristin siftat bra lih.
>;6%B rl2 %E H,
0homas bought a present 0or
Dessica on her birthday
,homas ra wad lkadu
l Jessi5a f $id lmilad
dyalha.
&v %8 Fh ., .+ J
F0 *5, =,C
0homas bought it 0or her
,homas rah liha.
&v %8 =,
E5cuse me
sm liya.
q56
(
,
Can . (ie is it possible 0or me) tal%
with you9
we ymkn liya n9hdr m
$ak?
>.5C
(
, %}=L 9I&
. can$t (ie it is not possible 0or me)
go out now
ma9ymkn9 liya n9xr%
deba.
& y7.5C
(
, %3L E
As -ou can see in the e5a#p!e ,45cuse #e. above) so#eti#es the Arabic verb reGuires the preposition
in order to be eGuiva!ent to the 4ng!ish verb. In these cases) the 4ng!ish trans!ation doesn@t have a
preposition) but the Arabic sti!! reGuires it.
Te Prepos$t$on )$la*
The preposition $la is used with #an- verbs and e5pressions) and as a resu!t it trans!ates into #an-
4ng!ish prepositions) inc!udingE ,on). ,about). ,to). ,at). and others. +ith pronoun endingsE
on (and others) $la /0
on me
$liya
(
/0
on you (sing)
$lik :/0
on him
$lih H/0
on her
$liha =/0
on us
$lina 7/0
on you (plur)
$likum -.
)
/0
on them
$lihum -=
)
/0
defend
daf $ $ la t? /0 lie (to)
kdb '$la(
FB 6 /0 )
loo%/search
(for)
$llb '$la(
~/
(
s 6 /0 ) laugh (at)
dk '$la(
:G 6 /0 )
spea% (about) tkllm '$la( -/
(
.m 6 /0 )
to lo(e (ie to
be dying for)
mat '$la( & 6 /0 )
In the first verb) ,defend). the preposition $la does not have an 4ng!ish trans!ation since it is reGuired
in order to trans!ate the Arabic verb into ,defend.. In the second verb) ,!oo28search). however) the
preposition $la is basica!!- eGuiva!ent to the 4ng!ish ,for.. So#e e5a#p!esE
Hid we tal% about the role of
7eace Corps in )orocco9
we tkllmna $la ddawr
dyal hay*at ssalam f
lm)rib?
75/
(
.m /0 F
, C 4ug
*+
, 9%
p5,
Ges, we tal%ed about it iyeh, tkllmna $lih. HCx 75/
(
.m H/0
*re you loo%ing 0or a house to
rent9
we kat$llb $la dar l
lkra?
~/
(
{;B
/0 9%.,
Ges, .$m loo%ing 0or one
iyeh, kan$llb $liha.
HCx ~/
(
{7B
=/0
. lo(e (am dying 0or) pi""a kanmut $la l6it&a. 57B
/0 k;,
. lo(e it
kanmut $liha 57B
=/0
Hon$t lie to me ma9tkdb9 $liya. & yEF.m
(
/0
;e$s laughing at me
kaydk $liya.
:G}B
(
/0
Te Prepos$t$on )m $a*
The preposition m $a a!#ost a!wa-s trans!ates into the 4ng!ish ,with.. +ith pronounsE
with
m $a t
&
with me m $aya CI&
with you (sing) m $ak I&
with him m $ah I&
with her m $aha gI&
with us m $ana LI&
with you (plur) m $akum -B
)
I&
with them m $ahum -g ) I&
laugh (with) dk 'm $a( :G 6 t
& ) meet (with) tla$a 'm $a( s*m 6 t
& )
be helpful
(with)
t $awn 'm $a( Im 6 t
& ) stay (with) b$a 'm $a( {E 6 t
& )
sha%e hands
(with)
tsalm 'm $a(
-,+m 6 t
& ) argue (with)

txasm 'm $a(
-23m 6 t
& )
So#e e5a#p!esE
. met (with) ,amir in the post
office
tla$it m $a -amir f
lbosta.
Ks*m t
& %56
4r61,
. met .with/ him in the post
office
tla$it m $ah f lbosta.
Ks*m I& 4r61,
.$m Eust %iddingR (with you)
)ir kandk m $akG
%| :G}7B
I& R
8ould you li%e to come to the
mo(ies with me9
b)iti t9mi l ssinima m
$aya?
<;pE <@5m 57+ , 9CI&
88# Moroccan Arab$c
Te Prepos$t$on )f*
Li2e $la) the preposition f has #an- different 4ng!ish trans!ations) inc!udingE ,in). ,about). ,at). ,on).
and others. +hen used with pronounsE
in
f
in me
fiya
(
?
in you (sing)
fik :?
in him
fih H?
in her
fiha =?
in us
fina 7?
in you (plur)
fikum -.
)
?
in them
fihum -=
)
?
as% (about)
suwl 'f(

(
6 6 ) participate (in)
ark 'f(
8 6 )
thin% (about)
fkkr 'f(
%.
(
? 6 ) ta%e care (of)
thlla 'f(
/
(
=m 6 )
tal% (about) a
person
hdr 'f(
%}g 6 ) trust (in)
ta$ 'f(
m 6 )
So#e e5a#p!esE
. came o(er (as%ed about you)
yesterday, but . didn$t find you
suwlt fik lbar, welakin
ma9l$itk9.
K,
(
6 :? #1, >. ,
& y.;{,
8e trusted .in/ him, but he
betrayed us
t$na fih, u )dr bina.
7{m H? F| 7E
0a%e care o0 yourself
thlla f rask.
/
(
=m :6
This preposition) with pronouns) can a!so have the #eaning of the verb ,to be..
. am hungry
fiya %%u $.

(
? $,
. am thirsty fiya l $t.
(
? yrI,
;e has a fe(er
fih ssxana.
H? 4L3+,
And so#eti#es it ta2es the #eaning of ,to have. in the e5pression ,to have in it8the#..
0his house has fi(e rooms
had d9dar fiha xmsa d
lbyut.
Fg F, =? 4+5n 1,
Te Prepos$t$on )b*
The preposition b usua!!- has the #eaning of ,with. HI eat with #- handsI) but can a!so be used forE
,b-). ,in). ,about). ,for). and others. +ith pronounsE
with
b
with me
biya
(
E
with you (sing)
bik :E
with him
bih HE
with her
biha =E
with us
bina 7E
with you (plur)
bikum -.
)
E
with them
bihum -=
)
E
belie(e (in)
amn 'b(
>& 6 ) marry (with)
t&uw% 'b(

(
km 6 )
dream (about)
lm 'b(
-/h 6 ) welcome
rb b ~h
(

be responsible
(for)
tkllf 'b(
A/
(
.m 6 )
want to be
separated
(from)
sxa 'b(
36 6 )
So#e e5a#p!esE
,he married .with/ him last year
t&uw%at bih l $am lli fat.
J
(
km HE I, </,
?
0hey welcomed me into their house
rbu biya f darhum.
1h
(

(
E -g )
. dreamed about him
lmt bih.
K5/h HE
Exercise: >eplace the underlined nouns with the corresponding pronouns.
So#eti#es +ou will need to use a preposition and pronoun together.
-xam,le. l'#t kla l'ut.
=
l'#t kla h.
0. ,ony rb llib.
< <Lv %8 ~/G,
1. Ahmed ra tumubil.
K F5h %8 oE&v
2. lmutatawwi $in mau l ssu$.
A >0
; 5
)
, @& +,
=. Latifa ddat ddrari l lmdrasa.
= 4lr,
(
F, 46
F5,
>. we nsiti lma"ana f d9dar?
> <;+L 4Lj5
, 9F,
@. Ere" $ta lflus l Amy.
@ C% r0 /l, <5C
M. ddrari safru m $a sabhum.
L F, %?6 t
& -=
)
EG2
N. -ara ma9katakul9 llm.
W '6 & y/B
)
;B
-G/,
O. sllm $la mwalin d9dar.
M -/
(
6 /0 >,& F,
0B. Jerry kayxaf mn ,om.
<J %J 3B
>& v
Exercise: Ma/e all of the aboe erb for#s negatie.
%escribing the Peace (orps Mission
talk about the three goals of Peace Corps
describe your job in Morocco
Peace (orps
Te.t
nu hiya hay/at ssalam0
hay*at ssalam munddama amrikiya
katsiftmutatawwi $in l dduwal
nnamiya u lahdaf dyalha hiya:
0. tt $awn tti$ni
1. lmirikanin y9fhmu m&yan u $ub
lli stadfathum u y9$rrfu b dik
u $ub f mirikan
2. u $ub lmustadifa tta hiya
t9t $rrf $la lmirikaniyin.

4ug *+
, 45}
i
7&
)
4
(
.C%& l;B
>0
; &
)

i
F,
4
(
&7, Fg =,C <
g 6
< I;, <7{; ,
K >L.C%5 , 5=lC Ck& I@) , </, -=
)
ml}; 6
?%
(
IC :C I@) , .C%&
A I@) , 4l}; +5
)
, ; (h <
g %
(
I;m /0 >L.C%5 ,
organi"ation
munddama 45}
i
7&
)
de(eloping nations
dduwal nnamiya
i
F, 4
(
&7,
goals
ahdaf Fg
technical help
tt $awn tti$ni I;, <7{; ,
peoples
u $ub I@) ,
to host
stadf A}; 6
to inform
$rrf %
(
0
host (adEecti(e)
mustadif'a(
6 ' A}; +&
)
)
M`Y M`NYY VObQ _ M`Y YORY VNTQ
To he!p peop!e of interested countries and
areas in #eeting their needs for trained
#en and wo#enF
To he!p pro#ote a better understanding of
the A#erican peop!e on the part of the
peop!es servedF
To he!p pro#ote a better understanding of
other peop!es on the part of the A#erican
peop!e.
&outh %eelop#ent
0$alo-ue
-usan: ssalamu $alaykum.

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 66
Jamila: wa $alaykum ssalam. al
hadi u nti f lm)rib?

-.
)
/
0 1 G8 *+
, Fg K L
9%
p5,
4/5J
6
-usan: $amayn u )adya n9"ls hna
$amayn wlla tlt snin
inallah.
>&
0 4C| f/jL 7g >&
0 D
(

K/m >76 @Lx H/,
66
Jamila: nu katdiri?
78 9%CF;B
4/5J
6
-usan: ana mutatawwi $a m $a
hay*at ssalam u )an9xdm
f dar bab.
L 40
; &
)
t
& 4ug *+
, F37|
1@,
66
Jamila: nu )at9diri b ddbt?
78 %CF;| 91}, 4/5J
6
-usan: )adya n9$rri nn"li&iya u
)adya n9dir maari $ m $a
%%m $iyat u ay a%a lli
$ndha $ala$a m $a tnmiyat
bab.
4C| %
(
{L 4C
(
k/j7, 4C| %CFL
tC@&
&
(
I5, 4Jh </,
gF70 4s*0 t
& 4
(
57m 1@,
66
Jamila: iwa tbark lla $lik
a lalla.

x 1m H/, :/0 *
(
,
4/5J
6
-usan: lla y9bark fik.
H/, 1C :? 66
youth de(elopment
tnmiyat bab 4
(
57m 1@,
youth center
dar bab 1@,
e5actly
b ddbt 1}, relationship
$ala$a 4s*0
proEect[
mru $ $%@& association
%am $iya 4
(
I5J
proEects
maari $ tC@&
associations
%am $iyat
(
I5J
acti(ity[
naat @L director
mudir %CF&
)
acti(ities
anita 4r@ L anything
ay a%a 4Jh
P In Morocco) the word for ,pro/ect. suggests to so#e Moroccans an underta2ing that reGuires #one-.
The word for ,activit-. does not have this connotation. 'ou wi!! often be safer) therefore) using the
word for ,activit-). since #ost of what -ou do wi!! not based upon #a/or grants or fundraising.
883 Moroccan Arab$c
Eniron#ent
Te.t
smiti Judy. ana kanxdm m $a brnama%
lbi*a d hay*at ssalam. lmuhima dyali
hiya n9uf kifa nnas kayt $amlu m $a
ttabi $a. kan"ul l nnas u tturis lli
kay&uru li6ark ba ma9y9luu9 &&bl
f ay blasa. u y9afdu $la lbi*a mn
ttalawut.
u ba nnas ma9y9$t$u9 %r u yafdu
$la l)aba. kanawl n9uf m $ahum i
turu$ xora ba y9tiybu u ma9y9
sthlku9 b&&af d ltb u kandir
maari $ m $a %%am $iyat f ma%al
lmuafada $l lbi*a u ttnmiyat $l l
$umum.
<;56 1 L J F37B
& &
L%E 4u1, 4ug 1*+
,
45=
5
)
, <,C <
g @L lB 7, /&I;B
&
1 j7B
4I1r
, 7, fC;, </, kB
,
E & h/C oEk, 1 42*E }?GC /0 4u1,
>&
)
/
; ,
E 7, & Ir{C %@, }?GC /0 14Ep,
G7B
@L -g ) I& <8 %
)
v
)
%n) E 1
(
rC &
./=;+C k
(
E ~rG, %CF7B
tC@&
&
(
I5
,
&
4}
? G5
)
, o0 4u1, 4
(
57;, o0 5I
)
,
en(ironment
lbi*a 4u1,
program
brnam% &L%E forest
)aba 4E|
to deal (with)
t $aml 'm $a(
o&Im 6 t
& ) ways
turu$ %
)
v
)
nature
tabi $a 4I1v
firewood
ltb ~rG,
trash
&&bl oEk, field / domain
ma%al &
to protect
afd$la z?h /0 in general
$l l $umum o0 5I
)
,
pollution
ttulwut
)
/; ), to cut
$t $ trs
trees
%r %@, to consume
sthlk :/=;6
89B Moroccan Arab$c
9ealth
0$alo-ue
-umiya: ssalamu $alaykum.

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 4
(
56
)
6
Christine: wa $alaykum ssalam.

-.
)
/
0 *+
, >;+C%B6
-umiya: ftk lbar f ssbitar. we
nti frmliya?
:;l8 #1, 1 r1,
K L 94
(
/&%?
4
(
56
)
6
Christine: lla mai frmliya u mai
tbiba.
D
(
<8& 4
(
/&%? <8& 411v >;+C%B6
-umiya: nu xdmtk? 78 9:;&Fn 4
(
56
)
6
Christine: kantkllm m $a nnas $la
sthum u st wladhum.
-/
(
.;7B
& 7, /0 -=
)
;G
(
2
KG
(
2 -g ) D
>;+C%B6
-umiya: we kat $tihum ddwa? -=
)
rI;B
9F, 4
(
56
)
6
Christine:
ma9kan $tihum9 ddwa u ma9
kandir9 libra. kan"ul l
nnas nu xsshum y9diru ba
maymrdu9 huma wlla
wladhum. u kanhdr m $ahum
$la l*ahammiya dyal ddwa d
lbir, u bit lma u )sil
lyddin u d9dwa d lkr.
& y5=
)
rI7B
F, &
%CF7B
1 j7B
'%1, 7,
78 -=
)
(
n %CFC E &
%5C 5g ) D
(
1 -g ) D
%}=7B
-g ) I& /0 4
(
5
(
g C
F, %1, KE 5, o+|
>CF
(
, F, %.,
>;+C%B6
-umiya: m&yan. had i muhim. u
sabtk nu katdir?
1 Fg Ck& <@, 1 -=
&
)
:;1h2
78 9%CF;B
4
(
56
)
6
Christine:
kat"ul lihum y9%lbu l
wladhum ba maymrdu u
katr lihum nu xsshum y9
diru ila ma9b)au9 ywldu
b&&af u katns l $yalat
lamlat ba ymiu l
ssbitar.
j;B
-=
)
, 1/C -g ) D E
& %5C #%@;B
-=
)
, 78
-=
)
(
n %CFC Dx & pE F,C
k
(
E q7;B
DI, *&G,
E @5C r1,
>;+C%B6
-umiya:
had i m&yan. tbark lla
$likum.
Fg <@, 1 1m Ck& H/,
-.
)
/0
4
(
56
)
6
Christine: lla y9bark fik.
H/, 1C :? >;+C%B6
health
ssa 4G
(
,
health clinic
ssbitar r1, the importance
l*ahammiya 4
(
5
(
g
nurse
lfrmli'ya(
6 ' </&%l,) the (water) well
lbir %1,
doctor
ttbib'a(
6 ' ~1r,) diarrhea
lkr %.,
to be sic%
mrd %& to immuni"e
%lb ~/J
medicines
ddwa F, to gi(e birth
wld F,
the shot
libra '%1, pregnant
amla 4/&h
S#all Cusiness %eelop#ent
0$alo-ue
Chris: ssalamu $alaykum.

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 fC%B6
l9m $llm: wa $alaykum ssalam.
-.
)
/
0 *+
, -/
(
I5,6
Chris: sm li n9$ddm lik rasi.
q56 <, F
(
{L :, <6 fC%B6
l9m $llm: iyeh, tfddl a sidi.
HCx o}
(
lm F6 -/
(
I5,6
Chris:
smiti Chris, ana
mutatawwi $ m $a hay*at
ssalam u %it hna ba n
$awn lmu$awalat ss)ira.
<;56 fC%B L $
; &
)
t
& 4ug
*+
, KJ 7g E IL
D
{5
)
, '%p,
fC%B6
l9m $llm: u kifa )at9$awnha? lB 9=LI;|
-/
(
I5,6
Chris:
f b&&af d lway%, bal
lisabat u l*ihar u
ttswi$. matalan kansawbu
lakart d ;i&it l
lmu$awala u kan $tiuha
smiya u kanhhru lmntu%
dyalha f l9internet.
k
(
E CG, GE E+G ,
=8 1 *
; &
C+;, E7B

BD KCk 4,
{5
)
,
grI7B
4
(
56 %=
(
@7B
;75,
=,C KL%;LD
fC%B6
l9m $llm: had i mumta& welakin
ba )at9stafd had
lmu$awala?
Fg <@, ;5&
)
>. ,
E F?;+;|
Fg 94,
{5
)
,
-/
(
I5,6
Chris: )at9stafd it )at9bi $
ssl $a dyalha f lm)rib u
f lxari%.
F?;+;| Kh t1;| 4I/+, =,C
%
p5,
3,
fC%B6
l9m $llm: m&yan. lla y9$awnk.
1 H/, Ck& :LIC -/
(
I5,6
Chris: ukran a sidi.

%.8) F6 fC%B6
899 Moroccan Arab$c
small business de(elopment
tnmiyat lmu$awalat
ss)ira
4
(
57m D
{5
)
, '%p,
enterprise /
firm
lmu$awala 4,
{5
)
, products
lmntu% ;75,
accountancy
lisabat E+G , merchandise
ssl $a 4I/+,
ad(ertisement
l*ihar =8 business card
lakart d
;i&it
BD KCk
to ad(ertise
hhr %=
(
8 abroad
lxari%
3,
mar%eting
ttswi$ C+;,
to ad(ertise the
products
hhr b
lmntu%
%=
(
8 ;75,
>enting a 9ouse
speak about renting and furnishing houses
"inding a 9ouse
'ocabulary
building /
bloc% of flats
$imara '50
floor
tb$a 4{1v
apartment
brtma 45v%E
house
dar
stairs
dru%
ele(ator
sansur +L6
balcony
balkun .,E bath
lmmam 5
(
G,
rental agent
(in cities)
ssmsar 5+, shower
ddu F,
li(ing room
salun ,2 %itchen
lku&ina 47C.,
bedroom
bit nn $as KE I7, neighbor
%ar'a(
6 ' J)
bathroom
bit lma
twalet
KE 5, /
,v
neighbors
%iran %J
5.press$ons
.$m loo%ing for a house to rent
kan$llb $la i dar l
lkra.
~/
(
{7B
/0 <8 %.,
Can you show it to me9
we ymkn lik t9wrriha
liya?
>.5C :, =C
(
m 9
(
,
8here is it located9
amn blasa? >58 942*E
2i(e me directions to it n $ $ t liya fin %at. KI
(
L
(
, >? J
Can . see it9
we ymkn liya n9ufha? >.5C
(
, 9=?@L
;ow many rooms does it ha(e9
al fiha mn bit? G8 =? >& 9KE
.s the roof for common use9
we sst mruk? qr+, 9%@&
89# Moroccan Arab$c
0$alo-ue
Mark: ssalamu $alaykum

)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 &6
l9a%: wa $alaykum ssalam

-.
)
/
0 *+
, G,6
Mark: we kayna i dar l lkra?
47CB <8 9%., &6
l9a%: we b)iti maal kbir
wlla s)ir?
<;pE oG
&
%1B D
(
9%p2 G,6
Mark:
b)it dar mtwssta, y9kun
fiha salun u bit nn $as
u ddu u ku&ina u katdxl
liha ms u ykun sst
dyali bwdi.
KpE 4r6
(
;& .C =? ,2
KE I7, F, 47CB
onF;B
=, f5@, .C qr+,
<,C FhE
&6
l9a%: kayna wda welakin
ttaman dyalha 1B.BBB
ryal.
47CB 'Fh >. ,
>5
; , =,C 9B1BBB
C
G,6
Mark: lla b&&af $liya,
$la$$a ana )ir bwdi u
ma9)adi9 n9$dr nxlls
had ttaman.
D
(
k
(
E
(
/0 {(G/
0 L %| FhE
& yC| F{L /
(
3L Fg >5
; ,
&6
l9a%: al b)iti t9xlls?
G8 <;pE 9/
(
3m G,6
Mark: 0B.BBB ryal.
<JJJJ C &6
l9a%:
iwa f had ssa $a
mamu%uda9 i a%a b dak
ttaman. welakin mrra
mrra r% $ $ ndi, ila l$it
i a%a )adi n $lmk.
x Fg 40+, & J& <8

4Jh 1 >. ,
>5
; , '%
(
& '%
(
&
tJ F70 Dx K{, <8 4Jh |
:5/IL
G,6
Mark: waxxa a sidi, barak lla
u fik.
n(
F6
E H/, :? &6
l9a%: lla y9bark fik.
H/, 1C :? G,6
0. $la ma Mark $nd la%?
< *0 @& & F70 9G,
1. we b)a dar kbira wlla dar s)ira?
K pE '%1B D
(
9'%p2
2. nu b)a y9kun f had d9dar?
A 78 pE .C Fg 9F,
=. we af Mark d9dar lli hdr
$liha la%?
= 8 & F, </, %}g =/0 9G,
>. $la ma9kraha9? > *0 & 9g%B
@. we kayna i dar xora rxs
mn hadi?
@ 47CB <8 %n) n >& 9g
M. fu$a )adi y9r% $ Mark $nd la%?
L s? | tJ%C & F70 9G,
"urnishing a 9ouse
?ouse @urn$ture
table
tbla 4/1v
radio / tape
recorder
mus%%ala 4/
i
+&
)
chair
kursi <6%B
)
tele(ision
tlfa&a 'kl/m
bed
namusiya 4
(
6&L electric outlet
6ri& kC%
pillow
mxdda
usada
'F
(
3& / '6 light bulb
bola 4,E
floor mat
sira '%h electric cord
xitd ddow n },
rug
&rbiya 4
(
E candle
m $a 4I58
carpet
mukit B& iron
mslu
dida
#/& / 'FCFh
blan%et
manta
kaa
4rL& / 48B %ey / switch
sarut 6
curtain
xamiya 4
(
&n broom
taba 4Er8
sheet
i&ar x s-ueegee
%bbada
%fafa
'1
(
J / 4?lJ
)oroccan sofa
6on% L water heater
ufu ?8(
couch
sdari F6 heater
ofa% ?8
K$tcenware
refrigerator
tlla%a 4J*
(
m spoon
m $l$a 4{/I&
o(en
frran %
(
? %nife
mus &
blender
tana 4LG
(
v for%
frita 4r8%?
saucepan
"amila 4/5
glass
kas B
coo%ing pot
tawa 'v teapot
brrad %
(
E
plate
tbsil o+1v coffee pot
bri$ C%E
bra"ier
m%mr %5& tray
siniya 4
(
72
grill
uwaya 4C
(
8 bowl
&lafa 4?D
strainer
sffaya 4Cl(2 %ettle
m$ra% %{&
pressure
coo%er
kokot BB pitcher
)rraf %
(
|
sifter
)rbal E%| couscous pot
brma 4&%E
frying pan
m$la 4/{& ladle
m)rfa 4?%p&
faucet
robini <7E
Exercise: Put the household ite#s in the correct *roo#.,
buta"a& vE
ku+ina
7CB
kursi <6%B
)
namusiya 4
(
6&L
tbla
4/1v
89/ Moroccan Arab$c
sabun E2 mus &
m $l$a 4{/I&
bit n'n $as
KE I7,
mus &
tawa 'v
ktab ;B
lma 5,
ddu },
bit l'ma
KE 5,
tbsil o+1v
usada '6
sffaya 4Cl(2
robini <7E
Exercise: %escribe in %ari-a the house +ou want to rent.
VNVRROP SQ[VZ y{l(;B
& 'Fh F
(
C.
-dd wMda #aC2atCsffGCK.
One hand cant clap.
Safet+ and Securit+
list some safety and security problems you may face during your service
describe some strategies for dealing with these issues
use Moroccan Arabic to implement these strategies
Sexual 9arass#ent
'ocabulary
ga"elle[
l)&ala 4,kp, to follow someone
tb $ t1m
the beautiful[
&&wina 47Ck,
to get in someone\s
way
t $rrd %
(
Im
the beauty[
&&in >Ck, to harass
n"" ( L
a strawberry (girl)[
ttuta 4m;,
PThese words are used b- #en to harass wo#en.
5.press$ons
se5ual harassment
tarru %insi %
Gm <+7J
;e followed me
tb $ni.
<7I1m
8hat do you want9
nu b)iti? 78 9<;pE
2o away
sir f alk.
%6 :,h
2et away (far) from me
b $ $ d mnni.
FI
(
E <7 (&
Fet go of me
tl$ mnni.
/v <7 (&
Hon$t touch me
ma9t9$isni9.
& y7+{m
Hon$t follow me again
ma9t9$awd9 t9tb $ni.
& Im <7I1m (
2i(e me some space (go away) $tini ttisa $. <7r0 $+; ,
2o or you will regret it
sir wlla )adi t9ndm.
%6 D
(
| F7m
. will tell the police
)adi n9bll) lbulis.
| /
(
1L f,1,
. will call the gendarmes
)adi n9$iyt$la
%%adarmiya.
|
(
IL /0 4
(
&F
,
?espect yourself
tarm rask.
%; h :6
;e doesn$t want to get away
(far) from me
ma9b)a9 y9b $ $ d mnni.
& pE FI
(
1C <7 (&
. told you6 get away (far) from
me
"lt lik: b $ $ d mnni. K/ I FI
(
E :, <7 (&
. told you6 go away
"lt lik: sir f alk.
K/ I %6 :, :,h
893 Moroccan Arab$c
Te.t Q Arab$c
! "#$ %& # '()
</
(
& <mB 4Jn >& 1@, B Fh & oE&r, As ~7, C 1 >7& C%r, *2 <mB
Fh R I <I/v =, 4,kp, R1 <mB :/2
(
L K, R I %6 H, 1 :,h <;pE <8 Fh t1;C R {E 9:;n <mB
4C| {E & oE&r, 1 Irs =I1m <mB C%r, =
, 1 7h %3) , =6 *5
(
B 1 ={C%v =L <L;,
0 flL <@, t
& & 1 oE&r, =L K,;, K, <mB & R I Dx oE&r, <m0 <7I1m | /

(
1L
R1 f,1, oIl, 0 =I1m @& f,1, p/
(
E r0 m -=
)
-s 1 f,1, oE&r, F
(
8 & oE&r,
r
(
0 /0 1 ~/v <mB & oE&r, 4h5+, >& <mB k; , E & y{E %
(
I;C =, '%
(
& %n)
Te.t Q Transcr$pt$on
1athy xa"ja mn da" bab
mlli Cathy xar%a mn dar bab, kan wad mul ttumubil wa$f f %%nb dyal
ttri$. mnin wslat Cathy dah, "al liha: Qtl $i a l)&ala n9wsslk.Q Cathy
"alt lih: Qsir f alk. we b)iti i wad y9tb $ xtk?Q b$at Cathy )adya u
b$a mul ttumubil tb $ha. $t$at Cathy ttri$ l %%iha lxura. nat rasha u
kmmlat tri$ha. f nhar ttani $awd nfs i m $a mul ttumubil. f nhar ttalt
"alt Cathy l mul ttumubil: Qila $awdti tb $ni )adi n9bll) lbulis.Q b lfi $l
$awd tb $ha u mat l lbulis u bll)at u $tathum r$m ttumubil. lbulis ddu
mul ttumubil u $iytu $la Cathy. tlb mul ttumubil ssmaa mn Cathy u lta&m
ba ma9b$i9 y9t $rrdliha mrra xora.
Suest$ons
0. fin kant Cathy?
< >? KLB 9<mB
1. fin kan mul ttumubil?
K >? B & 9oE&r,
2. nu "al mul ttumubil l Cathy?
A 78 & oE&r, 9<mB
=. we mat Cathy m $a mul ttumubil? = @& <mB t
& & 9oE&r,

>. nu dart Cathy mlli $awd tb $ha
mul ttumubil?
> 78 <mB </
(
& 0 =I1m & 9oE&r,
@. nu dar mul ttumubil mlli dduh
lbulis?
@ 78 & oE&r, </
(
& F
(
8 9f,1,
Te.t Q 5n-l$s Translat$on
Cathy coming out o0 the youth center
8hen Cathy was coming out of the youth center, there was a man in his car by the side of the
road *s she passed by him, he told her6 2et in ga"elle, . will ta%e you home Cathy said6 2o
away .s it o%ay with you if someone harasses your sister9 Cathy %ept wal%ing and the man was
following her with his car ,he crossed the road, ignoring him, and continued on her way 0he ne5t
day, the same thing happened with that man 0he following day Cathy told the man6 .f you follow
me again . will tell the police .n fact, he did follow her again and so she went to the police station
,he told them what happened and ga(e them the license plate number 0he police arrested the
man and called Cathy 0he man apologi"ed to Cathy and promised not to get in her way again
At the Taxi Stand
'ocabulary
seat
blasa 42*E windshield
%%a%a 4J,
tire
rwida 4}C crac%ed
m$u$a 4s{@&
smooth
memsua 4h+5& to be afraid
xaf n
to happen
w$ $ ts
5.press$ons
Hri(e slowly please su" b wiya $afak. 2 4C
(
@, l0
3etter safe than sorry
llahumma slama wala
ndama.
-
=
)
/, 4&*6 D
4&FL
0$alo-ue
f matta d ttaxiyat 4r
(
G&

(
+Br,
l9kurti: blasa Akka, blasa Akka.
42*E s ( 42*E s ( <m.,6
Max: ana )adi l Akka.
L | s ( fB&6
l9kurti: tl $.
t/v <m.,6
Max: bllati, xllini n9uf
ttaksi b $da. ma9b)it9
n9mi f had ttaksi.
<m*
(
E <7/
(
n @L <+Br, 1FIE
& y;pE <@5L Fg <+Br,
fB&6
l9kurti: $la?
9*0 <m.,6
Max: rrwaydmmsuin u %%a%a
l$ddamiya m$u$a.
zC%, >h+5& 4J,
4
(
&F
(
{, 4s{@&
fB&6
l9kurti:
)ir &id ma9t9xaf9, ma
)adi y9w$ $ walu.
%| FC & y?3m & | tsC
,
<m.,6
Max:
uf liya i taxi m&yan
$afak.
8
(
, <8 <+Bv Ck& l0 fB&6
l9kurti: xssk t9tsnna wiya.
:
(
n 7 (+m ( 4C
(
8 <m.,6
Max: lw$t mai mukil.
llahumma slama wala
ndama.
Ks, <8& 1 -
=
)
/, o. @&
)
4&*6 D

4&FL
fB&6
Suest$ons
0. fin kayn Max?
< >? >CB 9fB&
1. fin )adi Max?
K >? | 9fB&
2. $la ma9ma9 f ttaxi lli af? A *0 & @& <+Br, </, 98
=. nu tlb mn lkurti?
= 78 ~/v >& 9<m.,
5n-l$s Translat$on
*t the ta5i stand
l1%urti6 * seat to *--a, a seat to *--a
83B Moroccan Arab$c
)a56 . am going to *--a
l1%urti6 2et in
)a56 8ait Fet me see the ta5i first . don$t want to go in this ta5i
l1%urti6 8hy9
)a56 0he tires are smooth and the windshield is crac%ed
l1%urti6 Come on, don$t worry :othing is going to happen
)a56 'ind me a good ta5i
l1%urti6 Gou ha(e to wait a little bit
)a56 0ime is not a problem 3etter safe than sorry
At )or/
'ocabulary
to bring in
dxxl on(
to loc% to
(something)
dd m $a F
(
8 t
&
to ta%e out
xrr% %
(
n
to steal
sr$ %6 a loc%
$fl ols
to be stolen
tsr$ %+m
0$alo-ue
f lxdma 4&F3,
lomolo":
ssalamu $alaykum. %iti
bkri lyum.

)
*+
, 1 <;J -.
)
/
0 %.E , ,&,6
Katri5k:
wa $alaykum ssalam. i
wiya.

-.
)
/
0 1 <8 *+
, 4C
(
8 :C%m6
lomolo":
a hada? $la dxxlti
lbisklit l lbiru.
9Fg *0 <;/n( K/.+1
,
%1,
,&,6
Katri5k: ah, )adi y9tsr$ ila
xllitu brra.
| %+;C Dx ;/
(
n %
(
E :C%m6
lomolo": welakin hadi mai blasa d
lbisklit.
>. ,
Fg <8& 42*E K/.+1
, ,&,6
Katri5k: iyeh, welakin a )adi
ndir?
HCx >. ,
| 9%CFL :C%m6
lomolo": dir $fl l lbisklit u ddu
m $a lbab dyal brra.
%C ols K/.+1
, F
(
8 t
& 1,
C %
(
E
,&,6
Katri5k: fikra m&yana. ma9fkkrt9
fiha.
'%.? 1 & 4LCk& ym%.
(
? =? :C%m6
lomolo": we $ndk $fl?
F70 9ols ,&,6
Katri5k:
iyeh, $ndi. n9xrr%u daba
u n9ddu m $a lbab.
HCx 1 J%
(
3L F70 E
F
(
@L t
& 1, :C%m6
lomolo": sdd t9l$a ma9t9ll. F
(
6 {/m & o( Gm ,&,6
Suest$ons
0. $la dxxl Katri5k lbisklit l
lbiru?
< *0 on( :C%m K/.+1
, 9%1,
1. nu "al lomolo" l Katri5k?
K 78 ,&, 9:C%m
2. nu dar Katri5k f ttali?
A 78 :C%m 9<,;,
5n-l$s Translat$on
*t wor%
counterpart6 7eace be upon you Gou came in early today
7atric%6 7eace be upon you too * little bit
counterpart6 8hat$s this9 8hy did you bring your bicycle into the office9
7atric%6 Sh .t will be stolen if . lea(e it outside
counterpart6 3ut this is not the place for bicycles
7atric%6 Ges, but what should . do9
counterpart6 Bse a loc% with the bicycle, and loc% it to the gate
7atric%6 2ood idea . didn$t thin% about that
counterpart6 Ho you ha(e a loc%9
7atric%6 Ges, . ha(e one .$ll ta%e it outside now and loc% it to the gate
counterpart6 Foc% now what you will find later
"orgetting a )allet in a Taxi 8 "iling a >eport
'ocabulary
police
bulis f,E to lose
wddr %
(

police station
kumisariya 4C
(
+&B to forget
nsa +L
wallet
b&tam vkE
to sa(e
(someone)
$t$ ;0
5.press$ons
;elp me
$awnni.
<L (0
. lost my passport
wddrt l66as66or.
%
(
6
(
,
. forgot my wallet in
nsit lb&tam dyali f...
K+L vk1, <,C
8here$s the police station9
fin lkumisariya? >? 94C
(
+&.,
;elp meR (use only in e5treme
danger)
$t$u rru. {;0 #%,
0$alo-ue
Arian: ssalamu $alaykum.
)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 C%E6
bulis: wa $alaykum ssalam.

-.
)
/
0 *+
, f,E6
Arian:
sm li, nsit lb&tam
dyali f wad ttaksi.
q56 <, K+L vk1, <,C Fh
<+Br,
C%E6
bulis: waxxa, nu smitk? n(
78 9:;56 f,E6
839 Moroccan Arab$c
Arian: smiti Arian ....
<;56 C%E C%E6
bulis: nu kayn f lb&tam? 78 >CB 9vk1, f,E6
Arian: fih l66as66or dyali u
wad lakart;i&a u >BB
drhm.
H? 6
(
, <,C Fh BD k <BB
-g
C%E6
bulis:
we $$lti $la nnmra dyal
ttaksi?
<;/{0 /0 '%57, C 9<+Br, f,E6
Arian: =>.
=> C%E6
bulis: waxxa, xlli liya rr$m d
ttilifun dyalk, )adi
nttaslu bik mn b $d.
n(
</
(
n
(
, -s%, l/ ; , :,C |
/; iL :E >& FIE
f,E6
Arian: ukran.

%.8) C%E6
bulis: lla ukran $ala wa%ib.
D
(
%.8) /0 ~J
f,E6
Suest$ons
0. fin ma Arian? $la? < >? @& 9C%E 9*0
1. we tsr$ lih lb&tam?
K %+m H, 9vk1,
5n-l$s Translat$on
3rian6 7eace be upon you
police6 7eace be upon you too
3rian6 E5cuse me, . forgot my wallet in a ta5i
police6 S%ay, what$s your name9
3rian6 )y name is 3rian
police6 8hat was in the wallet9
3rian6 )y passport, a ]isa card, and >JJ dirham
police6 Ho you remember the ta5i$s number9
3rian6 =>
police6 S%ay, lea(e me your phone number, we$ll call you later
3rian6 0han%s
police6 .t$s my duty
Cutagas
'ocabulary
butane gas
tan%
lbuta v1,
metal regulator
between gas
tan% and hose
lma"ana 4Lj5
,
gas
l"a& j, to test
%rrb %
(
J
CS detector
dditiktur ;.m F , to close (tan%)
sdd F
(
6
battery
l%ra '%G, to open (tan%)
ll o( h
gas%et
(rubber ring)
%%lda d
lbuta
'F/, v1,
to turn on /
to ma%e wor%
xddm F
(
n
torn m$tt$'a( 6 ' tr
(
{&) to change
bddl F
(
E
hose
ttiyu
(
;, to tighten
&iyr %C
(
odor / smell
rria 4GC%, to smell
mm -
(
8
ring
lxatm -m3,
5.press$ons
0here is a gas smell
kayna rria d l"a&.
47CB 4GC%, j,
0urn on the detector
xddm dditiktur.
F
(
n ;.m F ,
0est the butagas tan% with water
and soap
%rrb lbuta b lma u
ssabun.
%
(
J v1, 5, E,
Change the rubber ring if it$s
torn
bddl %%lda d lbuta ila
t$t$at.
F
(
E 'F/, v1, Dx Ir{m
0$alo-ue
+atima $nd Caroline 45v ? F70 >,B
+atima: ahlan bixir.
*
g %3E
45v ?6
Caroline: bixir lamdullah, mrba
bik.
%3E
F
)
5G
, H/, 1h%& :E >,B6

+atima: ukran. a%i mmit rria d
lbuta.
1 <J
%.8) K5
(
8 4GC%, v1, 45v ?6
Caroline: ma9mmit9, rah $ndi
dditiktur d l"a& welakin
ma9fih9 l%ra.
& y;5
(
8 F70 ;.m F , j,
>. ,
& y=? '%G,

>,B6
+atima:
xssk t9xddmih dima, had
i mai l $b. a%i nufu
%%lda d lbuta b $da.
:
(
n H&F
(
3m 5C Fg <@, <8&
1 <J ~I, ?@L 'F/, v1,
FIE
45v ?6
Caroline: waxxa.
n(
>,B6
+atima: %%lda m$tt$a. had i
xatar. xssna n9bddluha u
mn b $d n9%rrbu b lma u
ssabun.
'F/, 1 Fg 4Ir
(
{& <@, 1 7
(
n %r
n
g,F
(
1L >& FIE E%
(
L 5,
E,
45v ?6
Caroline: fikra m&yana.
'%.? 4LCk& >,B6
Suest$ons
0. $la ma9xddmat9 Caroline
dditiktur d l"a&?
< *0 & ym&F
(
n >,B ;.m F , 9j,
1. nu lmukil f lbuta dyal
Caroline?
K 78 o. @5
)
, v1, C 9>,B
2. nu xssCaroline u +atima y9diru?
A 78
(
n >,B 45v ? 9%CFC
5n-l$s Translat$on
'atima6 ;ello, how are you9
Caroline6 'ine, than%s be to 2od 8elcome
83# Moroccan Arab$c
'atima6 0han%s Come here . smell gas
Caroline6 . don$t smell it . ha(e a gas detector but it ran out of batteries
'atima6 Gou should always ha(e it on 0his is no game Fet$s loo% at the
rubber gas%et ring first
Caroline6 S%ay
'atima6 Gou see, the rubber ring is torn 0his is dangerous 8e ha(e to
change it, then test it with water and soap
Caroline6 2ood idea
9ash
'ocabulary
hashish
li y@G, to use
st $ml o5I;6
-uality
kaliti nu $ <;,B / $L stic%ing to /
bothering
someone
las$ 2D
to smo%e
kma 5B
0$alo-ue
Jalil:
a%i axay, we kat$llb $la
li?
<J n ~/
(
{;B
/0
9y@G,
o/J
6
-5ott:
lla, sir f alk. ana
makanst $mlu9.
D
(
%6 1 L :,h &
/5I;+7B
.66
Jalil:
a%i, rah $ndi kaliti &wina
mn ktama.
<J F70 <;,B 47C >&
4&;B
o/J
6
-5ott: "lt lik sir f alk. b $ $ d
mnni. ana ma9kankmi9.
K/ :, %6 1 FI
(
E :,h 1 L <7 (&
& y5.7B
.66
Jalil:
uf, n9dir m $ak taman
m&yan.
8 %CFL I& >5
m Ck& o/J
6
-5ott: uf nta, ila b$iti las$ni
)adi n9"ulha l lbulis. ana
ma9kankmi9.
8 K
L Dx <;{E <7{2D |
=,jL 1 L f,1, & y5.7B
.66
Jalil: lbulisG safi lla y9$awnk.
O <?2 f,1, H/, :LIC o/J
6
Suest$ons
0. m $a mn tla$a -5ott?
< t
& >& s*m 9.6

1. nu b)a mnnu Jalil?
K 78 pE 7 (& 9o/J
2. we ra -5ott li?
A %8 .6 9y@G,
=. $la xaf Jalil u ma b alu? = *0 n o/J
@& 9,h
5n-l$s Translat$on
Dalil6 Come here (brother), are you loo%ing for hash9
,cott6 :o, go away . don$t use it
Dalil6 Come on, it$s good stuff from Ntama
,cott6 . said go away . don$t smo%e
Dalil6 Foo%, .$ll gi(e you a good price
,cott6 Gou loo%, if you %eep bothering me .$ll call the police . don$t smo%e
Dalil6 7oliceR S%ay, may 2od help you
Theft
'ocabulary
theft
ssr$a 4s%+, thief
ffar
srra$
l(8 / %
(
6
danger
xatar %r
n to touch
$as s
dangerous
xatir %rn to forgi(e
sm l...
q56
ma%e a statement /
file a report
s%%l d $wa o
(
6 '0 he attac%ed me
t $dda $liya F
(
Im
(
/0
summons
stid $a 0F; 6 he snatched my
xtf liya...
Arn
(
,
witness
ahd Fg8 he slapped me
srf$ni <7{?%2
testimony
ahada '=8 he hit me
drbni <7E%
police
lbulis f,1, he spit on me dfl $liya o?
(
/0
police inspector
l9ins6iktur ;.
(
+L
he grabbed me
from
ddni mn...
<LF
(
8 >&
police car
far"unit L%?
he cursed me
sbbni <71
(
6
report
ra66ur
(
he stole my
sr$ liya...
%6
(
,
law
l$anun L{, he insulted me
$ayrni <L%C0
human rights
u$u$
l*insan
{h
)

+L
to call (the police)
$iytl
(
0
lawyer
muami
G&
)
court
mkama 45.
G&
medical certificate /
report
ahada
tibbiya
'=8 4
(
1
(
v
5.press$ons
8here$s the closest police /
gendarme station, please
fin *a$rab kumisariya
bri"ad d %%undarm,
$afak?
>? %
s 4C
(
+&B / jC%E
FL, 9l0
. want to ma%e a statement
about a theft / an attac% / se5ual
harassment
b)it n9bll) $la ssr$a
i $tida* tarru
%insi.
KpE /
(
1L /0 4s%
, / F; 0x /
%
Gm <+7J
8hat police station should . go

to9
lamn kumisariya xssni
n9mi?
>58D 4C
(
+&B <7
(
n 9<@5L
83/ Moroccan Arab$c
0a%e me to the closest police
station, please
ddini l *a$rab
kumisariya, $afak.
<7C
(
%
s 4C
(
+&B l0
3e carefulR
di raskG
<}h :6 R
7ay attention
rdd balk.

(
:,E
Come with me to the police
&id m $aya l lbulis.
FC CI& f,1,
0$alo-ue
John: ssalamu $alaykum.
)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 J6
bulis: wa $alaykum ssalam. nu xssk?
-.
)
/
0 1 78 *+
, 9:
(
n f,E6
John: b)it n9bll) $la i sr$a. KpE /
(
1L /0 <8 4s%6 J6
bulis: we lik nta? :, 9K
L f,E6
John: iyeh.
HC
(
x J6
bulis: waxxa, $tini l66as6or dyalk. n(
<7r0 6
(
, :,C f,E6
John: $ndi )ir la9kart d se%ur, hak. F70 %| BD 6 g J6
bulis: tta hiya m&yana. nu sr$ lik? u
fu$a?
; (h <
g 1 78 4LCk& %6 9:, 9s? f,E6

John: sak, f 2:BB.
2 3IBB J6
bulis: kif dar sr$ lik ssak? AB %6 :, 9, f,E6
John: xtfu liya mn ktfi.
lrn
(
, >& <l;B J6
bulis: kif dayr had ffar? wsfu liya.
AB %C Fg 9l(@, l2
(
, f,E6
John: twil u labs d%in u turt mr.
oCv fED >J @m %5h J6
bulis: nu kayn f had ssak b ddbt? 78 >CB Fg , 91}, f,E6
John: $ndi fih tilifun u futa u ktab u
mus%%ala s)ira 'walkman( u 1BB
drhm.
F70 H? l/ m 4v? ;B 4/
i
+&
)

'%p2 7 6 5., 9BB -g
J6
bulis: waxxa, a sidi. )adi ndiru lbt
dyalna u ntaslu bik mn b $d. n(
1 | F6 %CFL KG1, 7,C

/2;L :E >& FIE
f,E6
John: safi, we n9mi? <?2 9<@5L J6
bulis:
lla, tsnna tta taxud m $ak nsxa
mn rra66ur.
D
(
7 (+m ; (h Fn) m I& 43+L >&
(
%, f,E6
John: waxxa ukran.
n(
%.8) J6
bulis: hak, daba ntaslu bik. di rask
mrra xura.
g E
/2;L 1 <}h :E :6 '%

(
& %n) f,E6
5n-l$s Translat$on
Dohn6 7eace be upon you
police officer6 7eace be upon you too Can . help you9
Dohn6 . want to report a theft
police officer6 *re you the (ictim9
Dohn6 Ges
police officer6 S%ay, your passport, please
Dohn6 . ha(e only my carte de seEour ;ere you are
police officer6 0hat$s o%ay 8hat was stolen from you and
when9
Dohn6 * bag at A6JJ
police officer6 ;ow was it stolen9
Dohn6 * man snatched it from my shoulder
police officer6 Can you describe the thief9
Dohn6 ;e$s tall, wearing Eeans and a red 01shirt
police officer6 8hat e5actly did you ha(e in the bag9
Dohn6 * cell phone, a towel, a boo%, a wal%man, and
KJJ dirham
police officer6 S%ay, sir, we$ll do our in(estigation and we$ll get
in touch with you later
Dohn6 0hat$s it9 Can . lea(e9
police officer6 8ait a minute, you$(e got to ta%e a photocopy of
the report
Dohn6 S%ay, than%s
police officer6 ;ere you are 8e$ll get in touch with you 3e
careful in the future
9ouse Securit+ 8 %oors and )indows
'ocabulary
loc%
$fl ols
sliding metal bolt
for loc%ing doors
&&krum %Bk,
welder
sudur
ddad
F6
)
/ F
(
h iron bars
barrat
(
E
latch / bolt
ssa$ta 4rs+, hardware store
ddro"ri %F,
0$alo-ue
Jamal: ssalamu $alaykum.
)
*+
, -.
)
/
0 5J
6
Carlos:
wa $alaykum ssalam.
mrba bik.

-.
)
/
0 1 1h%& *+
, :E ,B6
Jamal: a katdir f d9dar? %CF;B
9F, 5J
6
Carlos: walu, )ir "als. , %| f, ,B6
Jamal: yallah n9xr%u. H/,C J%3L 5J
6
Carlos: waxxa. n(
,B6
Jamal: nu hada? had l$fl
$iyan. xssk wad si. u
xssk sa$ta ba t9sdd
ldaxl.
78 9Fg Fg ol{, 1 :
(
n
(
0 Fh
1 qG2 :
(
n 4rs6 E F
(
+m
onF,
5J
6
833 Moroccan Arab$c
Carlos: fikra m&yana. mnin )adi
n9rihum?
'%.? 1 >7& 4LCk& | 9-=
)
C%@L ,B6
Jamal:
mn ddru"ri wlla mn ssu$
)dda. u tta had ssr%m
xssu barrat dyal ldid
ba thnna. a%i nmiu $nd
ssudur nsawbu had ssr%m
daba. xssk )ir tdd l
$bar dyalu.
>& %F, D
(
>& +, 1 F
(
|
; (h Fg -J%+,
(
n
(
E C
FCFG, E 1 <J 7 (=m @5L F70
F+
)
, EL Fg -J%+, 1E

:
(
n %| F
(
@m 1I, ,C
5J
6
Carlos: hadi fikra mu $tabara. Fg '%.? '%1
; I&
)
,B6
Jamal: iyeh, llahumma slama
wala ndama.
HC
(
x -
=
)
/, 4&*6 D
4&FL 5J
6
Suest$ons
0. nu kan Carlos kaydir?
< 78 B ,B 9%CFB
1. nu lmukil dyal Carlos?

K 78 o. @5
)
, C 9,B
2. nu xssCarlos ydir?
A 78
(
n ,B 9%CFC
=. mnin )adi y9ri l$fl u ssa$ta?
= >7& | %@C ol{, 94rs+,
>. $nd mn )adi y9sawb lbarrat? > F70 >& | C 9
(
1,
5n-l$s Translat$on
Damal6 7eace be upon you
Carlos6 *nd peace be upon you too 8elcome
Damal6 8hat are you doing at home9
Carlos6 :othing, Eust sitting around
Damal6 Fet$s go out
Carlos6 S%ay
Damal6 8hat is this9 0his loc% is not strong Gou need a strong one Gou also need a
sliding metal bolt in order to loc% the door from the inside
Carlos6 2ood idea 8here can . get these from9
Damal6 'rom the hardware store or from sou% tomorrow *lso this window needs iron bars
for you to feel safe Fet$s go to the welder$s to fi5 this window now Gou need to
measure it
Carlos6 E5cellent idea
Damal6 .t$s better to be safe than sorry
Political 9arass#ent
'ocabulary
to end
w$f As
population,
people
$b ~I@,
war
lrb %G,
citi"en
muwatin >v &
)
for
m $a t
&
normal
$adi 0 against
dedd F
(
freedom
luriya 4C
(
%G
)
, to con(ince
$n $ t7s
democracy
ddimu$ratiya

(
v%s5CF,
4
%illing
l$tila 4/;{,
subEect mudu $ $& to %ill
$tl o;s
0$alo-ue
kan John "als f l$hwa kay$ra
QDewsweekQ u kanu nnas kaytfrr%u f
QAl9Ja&ira.Q wad mn nnas "al l John:
B J f, '={, %{B
R R :CL LB
7, J%
(
l;B
R1 R Fh '%Ck
, >& 7,
J6
muwatin:
hdr m $a Aush y9w$$f had
lrb.
%}g t
& E As (C Fg %G, >v &

)
6
John: ana )ir muwatin $adi mn
mirikan. xdmti hiya n $awn
nnas f lm)rib. had i lli
kan $rf. safi.
L %| >v &
)
0 >& 1 <;&Fn .C%&
<
g IL 7, 1 Fg %
p5, <@,
</, 1 <?2 %I7B
J6
muwatin: welakin kat"ulu $ndkum
luriya u ddimu$ratiya.
>. ,
,j;B
-B
)
F70 4C
(
%G
)
,
4
(
v%s5CF,
>v &
)
6
John: had i bss welakin ana
)ir mirikani $adi mn $b.
Fg <@, q
(
E >. ,
L %| <L.C%&
0 >& ~I@,
J6
muwatin: kulkum bal bal, katb)iu
lrb. f mirikan ktr mn >BR
d nnas m $a lrb. tta
nta mnhum.
-.
)
/B
)
GE GE p1;B
1 %G,
.C%& %;B >& <B T 7, t
& 1%G,
; (h K
L -=
)
7&
>v &
)
6
John:
lla. ana m $a >BR xora lli
dedd lrb.
1 L D
(
t
& <B T %n) </, F

(
%G, J6
muwatin: kifa )adi n9$rfu? lB | 9?%IL >v &
)
6
John: kifa )adi n9$n $k? lB | 9:I7{L J6
muwatin: ma9n9$rf welakin mirikan
xssha t9w$$f l$tila dyal
nnas.
& %IL >. ,
.C%& =
(
n As (m
4/;{, C 7,
>v &
)
6
John: mttaf$ m $ak. ?; (& I& J6
b$at wad lm%mu $a d nnas f l$hwa
kaytkllmu $la had lmudu $ u kayufu f
John. John xlls$hwtu u ma f alu.
{E Fh 4055, 7, '={, 5/
(
.;B
/0 Fg
$5, ?@B
1 J J /
(
n m=s @&
,h
Suest$ons
0. fin kan John?
< >? B 9J
1. nu kan kaydir?
K 78 B 9%CFB
2. nu kanu nnas kaydiru?

A 78 LB 7, 9%CFB
=. nu hiya lxdma dyal John f

lm)rib?
= 78 <
g 4&F3, C J 9%
p5,
>. we mirikan kulha m $a lrb? > .C%& =/B
)
t
& 9%G,
8#B Moroccan Arab$c
@. we John m $a wlla ddd lrb? @ J t
& D
(
F
(
9%G,
M. nu dar John f ttali?
L 78 J 9<,;,
5n-l$s Translat$on
Dohn was sitting in a cafQ reading :ewswee% ,ome people there were watching *l1Da"eera
Sne of the men at the cafQ said to Dohn6
)oroccan
citi"en6
0al% to 3ush about stopping this war
Dohn6 .$m Eust a normal citi"en from *merica )y Eob is to help people in )orocco
0hat$s all . %now
)oroccan
citi"en6
3ut in *merica you say you ha(e freedom and democracy
Dohn6 0hat$s true, but . am Eust a normal *merican
)oroccan
citi"en6
Gou are all the same Gou all li%e war .n *merica more than >J^ of the people
are for the war Gou are one of them
Dohn6 :o, . am with the other *mericans against the war
)oroccan
citi"en6
;ow are we going to %now9
Dohn6 ;ow can . con(ince you9
)oroccan
citi"en6
. don$t %now but *merica must stop %illing people
Dohn6 . agree
* group of people in the cafQ %ept tal%ing about the subEect of the war 0hey were loo%ing at Dohn
Dohn paid for his coffee and left
Appendices
Pronunciation of Moroccan Arabic 1==
Supp!e#entar- Gra##ar Lessons 1=
More 3sefu! 45pressions 157
Moroccan 9o!ida-s 15%
G!ossar- of :erbs 1<1
Pronunciation of Moroccan Arabic
&espite what -ou #a- thin2 at first) it is indeed possib!e for -ou to !earn how to pronounce the sounds
of Moroccan Arabic. Learning to pronounce Arabic sounds correct!- entai!s two thingsE first) beco#ing
aware of how to #a2e the different sounds and) second) practicing with a native spea2er. This chapter
wi!! he!p -ou with the first tas2.
!nderstanding 9ow Sounds Are Made
Before we #ove direct!- into how to pronounce Arabic sounds) !et@s first understand how sounds are
#ade in genera!. Then we can use this 2now!edge in order to wor2 on Arabic sounds.
@r$cat$:es and Stops
Ma2e the 8s8 sound. $otice how air is being forced through the space between -our tongue and the
gu# ridge in -our #outh. +hen a sound is produced !i2e this) b- forcing air between so#e s#a!!
opening) that sound is ca!!ed a fricative. Ma2e the 8f8 sound. This sound is a!so a fricative) because in
order to #a2e it we #ust force air between our teeth and our botto# !ip. So#e sounds in 4ng!ish that
are fricatives areE 8s8) 8J8) 8sh8) 8th8) 8f8) 8v8) and others.
$ow #a2e the 8t8 sound. 9ere) we are not forcing air through a s#a!! opening at a constant pressure)
but rather we co#p!ete!- b!oc2 the air f!ow for a #o#ent) and then re!ease the air strea# in one big
burst. A sound that is produced b- b!oc2ing the air f!ow) and then re!easing it) is ca!!ed a stop. Ma2e
the 828 sound. This is another ,stop. because again) -ou wi!! notice how we bui!d up a !ot of pressure
with air) and then re!ease it. So#e stops in 4ng!ish areE 8t8) 828) 8g8) 8b8) 8p8) and others.
'o$ced and 'o$celess Sounds
+e can a!so categoriJe consonant sounds according to whether we use our voice bo5 or not. Ma2e
the 8s8 sound. +hi!e #a2ing the sound) ho!d -our hand over -our throat. $ow #a2e the 8J8 sound)
sti!! ho!ding -our hand to -our throat. 'ou@!! notice that with 8s8) we don@t use our voice bo5) but
with 8J8) our voice bo5 vibrates. Sounds !i2e 8s8 are ca!!ed voiceless) since we don@t use our voice bo5.
Sounds !i2e 8J8 are ca!!ed voiced) since our voice bo5 vibrates. Ma2e the sound 8t8. Is it voice!ess or
voicedO $ow #a2e the sound 8d8. :oice!ess or voicedO

Let@s !oo2 now at so#e of the difficu!t Arabic sounds) using what we 2now about sounds in genera!.
Pronunciation of $onDEnglish (onsonants
Te Sound )#) 76
The # sound is si#i!ar to the k sound. Both are voice!ess ,stops. that are #ade b- re!easing air
forcefu!!- after co#p!ete!- b!oc2ing the air f!ow #o#entari!-. The on!- difference is where in the
throat the spea2er b!oc2s the air f!ow. The # sound wi!! be #ade further bac2 in the throat than the k
sound. Tr- the fo!!owing e5ercise.
"irst) ta2e a #inute to beco#e #ore fa#i!iar with -our throat #usc!es. 7pen -our #outh and sa- aah)
as if -ou were at the doctor@s office. 'our tongue shou!d be f!at in -our #outh. +ithout raising -our
tongue) pu!! it bac2 so that the base of -our tongue c!oses off air b- pu!!ing bac2 against the throat. At
this point) -ou shou!d not be ab!e to breathe through -our #outh) a!though it is wide open. Practice
doing this first without #a2ing a sound. After perfor#ing this e5ercise severa! ti#es) #a2e a sound b-
re!easing the air forcefu!!-. The resu!t wi!! be the sound #.
Te Sound )x) 7!6
The sound x is a voice!ess fricative for#ed around the sa#e p!ace as the sound #. It is found in #an-
4uropean !anguagesE the ?ussian x) the Scottish pronunciation of loch) and the Ger#an ch as
pronounced after a bac2 vowe! as in Bach. So#e peop!e use this sound to sa- yech! To pronounce x)
#a2e the sound # and pa- attention to where the bac2 of -our tongue hits the bac2 of the roof of -our
The 8t8 sound is voice!ess and the 8d8 sound is voiced. Both are ,stops..
Peace Corps / Morocco 8#3
#outh and b!oc2s -our windpipe. Instead of c!osing off the windpipe with the bac2 of -our tongue
co#p!ete!-) b!oc2 it part wa-) and -ou wi!! produce this sound.
Te Sound )) 7"6
The sound is the sa#e sound as the sound x) e5cept it is ,voiced.. In other words) if -ou can #a2e the
sound x) a!! -ou need to do is vibrate -our voice bo5 at the sa#e ti#e) and -ou wi!! produce . Thin2 of
the correspondence between the sounds k H2iteI and g Hga#eIE k is voice!ess and g is voiced.
Pronounce k and g severa! ti#es) pa-ing attention to how -our voice changes when -ou sa- g. $ow sa-
x severa! ti#es) and then ,voice. it. The resu!t is .
A!ternative!-) -ou #a- thin2 of as si#i!ar to the sound -ou #a2e when garg!ing. Garg!e for a #inute
and pa- attention to the #usc!es -ou use. The sound is pronounced using these sa#e #usc!es in
si#i!ar fashion.
Te 5"pat$c Sounds )s) 76D )d) 76D and )t) 76
The sound s is the e#phatic counterpart of the sound s. Pronounce the sound s a!oud) and note the
position of -our tongue. It shou!d be toward the front of the #outh and high) c!ose to the roof. $ow)
starting at the bac2 of -our teeth) #ove -our tongue bac2 a!ong the roof of -our #outh. 'ou wi!! find a
bon- ridge /ust behind the teeth) before the upward curve of the roof. Put -our tongue against this
ridge. The rest of -our tongue wi!! drop !ower inside -our #outh. The e#phatic or ve!ariJed
consonants in Arabic are pronounced b- p!acing the tip of -our tongue in this spot and dropping the
rest of the tongue as !ow as -ou can. Thus) the sounds s) d) and t are a!! #ade with the tongue in this
position.
A!! the e#phatic sounds are !ower in pitch than their nonCe#phatic counterparts. The- are
pronounced with greater #uscu!ar tension in the #outh and throat and with a raising of the bac2 and
root of the tongue toward the roof of the #outh. 'ou can notice this contraction of the throat easi!- b-
pro!onging the W!@ in ,fu!!..
7ne i#portant note about the e#phatic soundsE the- deepen the sound of surrounding vowe!s. Pa-
attention to the sound of a!! vowe!s near these e#phatic sounds) because the Gua!it- of the vowe!s gives
the best indication of the presence of e#phatic consonants. 7ne i#portant e5a#p!e is $tini ) ,give
#e. in Moroccan Arabic. Most trainees wi!! hear the word and thin2 it is pronounced $tayni ) with the
#idd!e vowe! sound ay instead of i. This is because the e#phatic sound t affects the wa- the i sounds)
#a2ing it sound Hto the 4ng!ish spea2er@s earI !i2e an ay. It is) in fact) an i however.
Te Sound )) 7#6
The sound is a voice!ess fricative pronounced deep in the throat. It has no eGuiva!ent in 4ng!ish. In
order to practice this sound) first ta2e a few #inutes to beco#e better acGuainted with so#e of -our
throat #usc!es that -ou use often) but not to spea2 4ng!ish. The fo!!owing e5ercises are designed to
#a2e -ou aware of what these #usc!es can a!read- do) so that -ou can use the# to spea2 Arabic.
Practice the# for a few #inutes ever- da-) as often as -ou can.
1. +ith -our #outh c!osed) b!oc2 off -our windpipe at -our throat. Put -our hand on -our throat
at the Ada#@s app!e and constrict the #usc!es on the inside. 'ou shou!d be ab!e to fee! the
#usc!es contracting. A!ternate!- tighten and re!a5 the# for a few #inutes.
6. ?epeat this with -our #outh open. Tr- to breathe out through -our #outhDif -ou can) -ou are
not c!osing off the windpipe entire!-.
1. *onstrict those sa#e #usc!es so that air can /ust bare!- sGueeJe through -our throat. I#itate
so#eone fogging a pair of g!asses to c!ean the#. The sound of the air co#ing through -our
constricted throat #usc!es is . B- now) -ou shou!d be aware of what -our throat #usc!es are
doing.
=. Bend -our head down so that -our chin rests on the top of -our chest) and repeat e5ercise 1.
This position shou!d #a2e it easier for -ou to fee! what -ou are doing.
Pronouncing ta2es practice) first to pronounce the !etter a!one) and then to pronounce it surrounded
b- other !etters in a word. 'ou #ust !earn to pronounce it proper!- to be understood) and at first) this
wi!! ta2e so#e concentration on -our part. 9owever) the #ore -ou practice now) the sooner -ou wi!! be
ab!e to sa- it easi!-.
8## Moroccan Arab$c
Te Sound ) $ ) 6 $ 6
+e now co#e to one of the #ost distinctive sounds in ArabicE $. +hen pronounced correct!-) $ has its
own uniGue beaut- and can be a ver- e5pressive sound. It is not as difficu!t to pronounce as one #a-
first thin2) but -ou need to e5ercise -our throat #usc!es) the sa#e ones that -ou use to pronounce M.
'ou shou!d continua!!- be doing the e5ercises -ou !earned above for ) in which -ou constricted -our
throat #usc!es as if -ou were b!oc2ing off the air passage fro# the inside. 'ou can fee! this b- putting
-our hand on -our throat. Sa- ) and fee! the #usc!es contract. $ow pronounce the sa#e sound and
,voice. it. That is) sa- the sa- sound whi!e vibrating -our voice bo5) changing the breath- sound of M
into the deep) throat- sound of $. The sounds and $ are on!- different because is voice!ess and $ is
voiced.
So#e trainees thin2 that $ sounds !i2e a vowe!) but it is not a vowe!. Because we constrict our throat
#usc!es and force air through the passagewa-) the sound $ is a fricative. :owe!s do not force air
through a partia!!- b!oc2ed passagewa-) and thus cannot be fricatives.
Te Arab$c )") 76
The sound r in Arabic is not the sa#e as the 4ng!ish ,r.. It is not difficu!t) !i2e so#e of the other
sounds above #a- see# at first. But because it is new) we inc!ude here a short description of it. The
sound is a f!ap) !i2e the Spanish or Ita!ian ,r.. 'ou a!read- 2now how to #a2e this soundE it is the
sound A#erican 4ng!ish spea2ers #a2e sa-ing gotta as in gotta go. Sa- gotta severa! ti#es in a row
ver- Guic2!- and pa- attention to what -our tongue is doing. 'ou shou!d fee! it f!apping against the roof
of -our #outh behind -our teeth. $ow pronounce the sound a!one. Another good e5ercise is to
practice #a2ing a whirring soundE rrrrrrrrrrrrrrr. &o these e5ercises dai!- unti! -ou have #astered this
sound.
Pronunciation of Shedda
In Arabic) a ,shedda. is a pronounced stress upon a !etter in a word. In transcription) this stress is
indicated b- a doub!ing of a consonant Hsee page 1I. +hen there is shedda) it indicates that the
consonant is to be he!d twice as !ong as a nor#a! consonant. That is) it shou!d be pronounced for twice
the !ength of ti#e. This is eas- with f!uid sounds !i2e + or ". +ith sounds !i2e b or d) however) -ou
#ust begin to sa- the# and pause in the #idd!e of pronouncing the# for a second. This #a- ta2e
so#e practice at first.
In 4ng!ish) this doub!ing of a consonant sound never occurs in the #idd!e of words) but is ver-
co##on fro# the end of one word to the beginning of another. *o#pare the difference between the
sing!e Wd@ in ,!a- down. and the doub!e Wdd@ in ,!aid down.. $oticing the difference between the sing!e
Wd@ and doub!e Wdd@ in this e5a#p!e wi!! give -ou so#e idea of how a shedda affects pronunciation.
It cannot be stressed enough that shedda affects not only the pronunciation of a word, but also its
meaning, especially for verbs. ?ecogniJing when shedda is used and !earning to pronounce it correct!-
-ourse!f is an i#portant tas2 in -our stud- of Moroccan Arabic.
The %efinite Article
In 4ng!ish) the ,definite artic!e. is the word ,the.. It is different fro# the ,indefinite artic!es). which
are ,a. and ,an.. In 4ng!ish) the definite artic!e spea2s about so#ething specificE I washed the dog
today H-ou 2now which dog I@# spea2ing aboutI. The indefinite artic!es ta!2 about so#ething nonC
specificE I saw a dog today H-ou don@t 2now the dog I@# spea2ing aboutI.
In Arabic) the definite artic!e is not a!wa-s used e5act!- as in 4ng!ish. +hen written in Arabic script) it
is co#posed of two !etters) al HI) attached to the beginning of a noun or an ad/ective. 9ere is the
Arabic script for ,the boo2.E
;.,
These two !etters are a!wa-s written in Arabic script for a definite artic!e) but the- are not a!wa-s
pronounced. In Moroccan Arabic) the first !etter) a HI) is never pronounced. Two possibi!ities e5ist)
the de0inite article
Peace Corps / Morocco 8#<
therefore) for pronouncing the definite artic!e. So#eti#es) the second !etter) l HI) is pronounced.
7ther ti#es) instead of pronouncing the l HI) the first !etter of the word is doub!ed with a ,shedda..
+hether the definite artic!e is pronounced with ,l. or b- doub!ing the first !etter with shedda is
determined by which letter is the first letter of the word. Let@s !oo2 at these two different possibi!ities.
Te Moon Eetters
In the first possibi!it-) the Arabic definite artic!e is pronounced with an l HI at the beginning of a
word. A!! words that begin with the fo!!owing !etters fo!!ow this ru!eE
i/y u/w h m k # f $ x b a
" $ ! #
These !etters are ca!!ed moon letters) because the Arabic word for #oon) #ama") begins with one of the
!etters in the group. $otice in the fo!!owing e5a#p!es that the definite artic!e is pronounced b- adding
an l to the wordE
a boo%
ktab ;B a girl
bnt K7E
the boo%
lktab ;., the girl
lbnt K71,
a boy
wld F, a moon
$amar %5
s
the boy
lwld F,, the moon
l$amar %5
{,
Te Sun Eetters
In the second possibi!it-) the Arabic definite artic!e is pronounced b- doub!ing the first !etter of a word
with a ,shedda.. A!! words that begin with the fo!!owing !etters fo!!ow this ru!eE
n l t d s s + " j t

These !etters are 2nown as sun letters) because the Arabic word for sun) ms) begins with one of the
!etters in the group. $otice in the fo!!owing e5a#p!es that the definite artic!e is pronounced b-
doub!ing the first !etter of the word b- using ,shedda..
a house
dar a street
&n$a 4{L
the house
d9dar F, the street
+&n$a 4{Lk,
a man
ra%l oJ a sun
ms f58
the man
"ra%l oJ%, the sun
ms f5@,
Supple#entar+ Gra##ar Lessons
These are !essons -ou can wor2 on b- -ourse!f or with -our tutor once -ou arrive at -our site. It is
un!i2e!- -ou wi!! be ab!e to co#p!ete the# during stage) un!ess -ou a!read- have so#e e5perience with
Arabic.
Ma/ing Intransitie :erbs into Transitie :erbs
Intransitive verbs are verbs that do not reGuire a direct ob/ect such asE
to come in
dxl on to be afraid
xaf n
to go out
xr% %n to drin%
rb %8
to laugh
dk :G to understand
fhm -=?
to fall
ta #v to go up
tl $ t/v
to go down
hbt 1g
A!! these verbs are tri!atera! Hi.e. the- are #ade up of three !ettersI and the- can be #ade transitive b-
doub!ing their #idd!e consonant Hi.e. putting a shedda on itI. The new transitive verb nor#a!!- has the
#eaning ,to #a2e so#eone do so#ething.. Loo2 at how the #eaning changes when the intransitive
verb dk ,to !augh. is changed into a transitive verbE
Gou are laughing / you laugh
katdk.
:G};B
Gou ma%e me laugh

katdkni.
<7.G
(
};B
9ere is a !ist of verbs co##on!- used in their transitive for#E

to ma%e (someone or
something) enter / to bring in
dxxl on(
to ma%e (someone or
something) e5it / to ta%e out
xrr% %
(
n
to ma%e (so/sth) laugh
dk :G
(
to drop / to throw down (ie to

ma%e something fall)
tiy q
(
v
to frighten (ie to ma%e
someone afraid)
xuwf
(
n
to water (ie to ma%e something
drin%)
rrb %
(
8
to ma%e (someone) understand /
to e5plain
fhhm -=
(
?
to ma%e go up / to promote / to
ta%e up
tll $ t/
(
v
to bring down / to demote
hbbt 1
(
g
So#e e5a#p!esE
. brought in a dog to the house
but my father too% it out
dxxlt wad lklb l d9dar
welakin bba xrr%u.
K/n( Fh ~/., F, >. ,
E
(

J%
(
n
0he clown ma%es small %ids
laugh
lklun kaydk ddrari
ss)ar.
/., :G
(
}B
F, p,
0a%e this table out of here,
please
xrr% $afak had ttbla mn
hna.
%
(
n l0 Fg 4/1r, >& 7g
Passie :erbs
Transitive verbs can be #ade passive b- adding t HI to the#) as shown be!owE
to write
ktb ~;B
to be written (masc)
tktb ~;.m
to be written (fem)
tktbat 1;.m
to be written (plur)
tktbu 1;.m
to understand
fhm -=?
to be understood (masc)
tfhm -=lm
to be understood (fem)
tfhmat 5=lm
to be understood (plur)
tfhmu 5=lm
to buy
ra %8
to be bought (masc)
tra %@m
to be bought (fem)
trat %@m
to be bought (plur)
trau %@m
to steal
sr$ %6
to be stolen (masc)
tsr$ %+m
to be stolen (fem)
tsr$at s%+m
to be stolen (plur)
tsr$u s%+m
So#e e5a#p!esE
*li ate pi""a
$li kla l6it&a.
</0 *B k;,
0he pi""a was eaten
tklat l6it&a.
*.m k;,
0he teacher wrote the lesson
lustad ktb ddrs.
;6
)
~;B F,
0he lesson was written
ddrs tktb.
F, ~;.m
0he students understood the
riddle
ttlamd fhmu llu)&.
F&*;, 5=? kp/
)
,
0he riddle was understood
llu)& tfhm.
kp/
)
, -=lm
Faila bought some clothes
layla rat lway%.
/,
%8 CG,
,ome clothes were bought
lway% trau.
CG, %@m
Exercise: Put the sentences below in the passie for#.
0. lss$ ttswira f lit.
<
(
, '%C;, G,
1. ba $u lfllaa lmsul dyalhum.
K 0E 4h*
(
l, G5, -=
)
,C
2. sbnat Jamila lway%.
A 712 4/5J
CG,
=. hrrs Keter lkisan.
= %
(
g %;E +.,
>. smma A&i& bntu Fbtisam.
> 5
(
6 kCk0 ;7E +; Ex
@. sm $t ssda $ lbar.
@ KI56 $F, #1,
M. %lat Lu6e l6urtabl.
L *J <, oEv,
N. %rat Jill sb $ha b lmus.
W h%J oJ =I12 5,
8#3 Moroccan Arab$c
O. $tat Ai5ha lkadu l Malika. M r0 4@0 ., 4./&
0B. kra i wad had d9dar.

<J %B <8 Fh Fg F,
The Past Progressie
The Moroccan Arabic eGuiva!ent for the 4ng!ish past progressive Hwas doing) were doingI is the past of
kan HBI ,to be. fo!!owed b- the present tense. "or e5a#p!eE
;e was tal%ing
kan kaytkllm.
B -/
(
.;B
;e wasn$t tal%ing
ma9kan9 kaytkllm.
& yLB -/
(
.;B
Gou were tal%ing

knti kattkllm.
<;7B -/
(
.;;B
. wasn$t wor%ing
ma9knt9 kanxdm.
& y;7B F37B
,he was writing

kant katktb.
KLB ~;.;B
This construction can a!so be trans!ated as ,used to.. "or e5a#p!eE

. used to sell cars knt kanbi $ ttumubilat. K7B t17B
*E&r,
+hether a given occurrence of this construction is to be trans!ated as past progressive or ,used to.
depends upon the conte5t.
. used to tra(el a lot
knt kansafr b&&af.
K7B %?+7B
k
(
E
8hen . was in Essaouira, . used
to eat fish e(ery day
mlli knt f sswira, knt
kanakul lut kul nhar.
</
(
& K7B '%C, K7B oB
)
7B

G, oB
)
=L
. was watching 0] when
someone %noc%ed at the door
knt kantfrr% f ttlfa&a
mlli d$$ i wad f
lbab.
K7B %
(
l;7B
'kl/;, </
(
& ( <8
Fh 1,
. used to wor% in this school
knt kanxdm f had
lmdrasa.
K7B F37B
Fg 46
F5,
. used to run e(ery morning
knt kan%ri kul sba. K7B %7B
oB
)
#12
. used to smo%e a lot but . -uit
smo%ing (don$t smo%e anymore)
knt kankmi b&&af,
welakin ma9b$it9
kankmi.
K7B <5.7B
k
(
E >. ,
& y;{E
<5.7B

mlli ana 'kan $ra( f %%ami $a f
mirikan, 'kan skn( m $a wad l
$a*ila mirikaniya. l $a*ila m $a mn
'kan skn(, $ndha %u% d lbnat
'kan $ra( m $aya f %%ami $a. wda
mnhum 'kan t $llm( l $rbiya lfusa,
u ana 'kan ra% $( m $aha ddurus
dyalha. lustad lli 'kan $rra( l
$rbiya lfusa f dik %%ami $a smitu
dduktur Jawad. huwa msri welakin dar
%insiya mirikaniya.
</
(
& L 6 B 7 / %s 4I& , .C%& 6 B 7 / >.6
t
& Fh 4/ I, 1 4/ I, 4
(
L.C%& t
& >& 6 B 7 / >.6

gF70 J 71, 6 B 7 / CI& %s 1 'Fh 4I& ,
-=
)
7& 6 B 7 / 4
(
E%I, -/
(
Im 4G2l, L 6 B 7 / tJ
gI& F
)
, 1 ;6
)
=,C </, 6 B 7 / 4
(
E%I, %
(
s
4G2l, :C 4I& , ;56 ;BF
)
, 1
g ) J
%&
>. ,
4
(
+7J
4
(
L.C%&
The :erb *to re#ain,
The verb b#a H{EI ,to re#ain. is fo!!owed b- the present tense or b- the active particip!e Hsee section
be!owI when it corresponds to the 4ng!ish ,2ept doing so#ething.. So#e e5a#p!esE
,he %ept waiting for them
b$at kattsnnahum.
{E -g ) 7 (+;;B
;e %ept on searching in the well

until he got tired
b$a kay$llb f lbir tta
$ya.
{E ~/
(
{B
%1, ; (h 0
;e %ept going (habitually)
b$a kaymi.
{E <@5B
;e %ept going (continued on his

way, on one occasion)
b$a mai.
{E <8&
+hen negated) b#a H{EI in verb phrases is eGuiva!ent to ,no !onger) not an-#ore). with either past or
present #eaning. "or e5a#p!eE
;e didn$t (doesn$t) laugh at them
anymore
ma9b$a9 kaydk $lihum.
& {E :G}B
-=
)
/0
The active particip!e ba#i preceding the present tense is eGuiva!ent to the 4ng!ish ,sti!!..
;e$s still wor%ing with us
huwa ba$i kayxdm m $ana.

g ) <sE F3B
LI&
:erb Participles
:erb particip!es are ad/ectives derived fro# verbs. The- agree in gender and nu#ber) !i2e a!!
ad/ectives) but not in person HI) -ou) heI or tense Hpast) presentI. Transitive verbs have two particip!es)
an active and a passive particip!e. Intransitive verbs have on!- an active particip!e.
Te Act$:e Part$c$ple
]erb ,tem *cti(e 7articiple
to write
ktb ~;B ha(ing written
katb'a(
6 ' ~mB)
to open
ll o( h ha(ing opened
all'a(
6 ' ( h)
8<B Moroccan Arab$c
to sell
ba $ $E ha(ing sold
bay $'a(
6 ' tCE)
to buy
ra %8 ha(ing bought
ari'a(
6 ' 8)
So#e e5a#p!esE
;e had written he lessons
kan katb ddurus dyalu.
B ~mB F
)
, ,C
,he had sold her house
kant bay $a d9dar
dyalha.
KLB 4ICE F, =,C
. found him standing at the door
l$itu wa$f f lbab.
;{, As 1,
;e is wearing a new shirt today
huwa labs $ami%a %dida.

g ) fED 45s 'FCFJ

. saw her wearing a green coat
ftha labsa kbbutxdr.
=;l8 4+ED 1
(
B %}n
E(eryday . see him wal%ing on
this street
kul nhar kanufu mai f
had &&n$a.
oB
)
=L ?@7B
<8& Fg 4{Lk,
"or a s#a!! group of verbs) the active particip!e #ust be used in order to e5press a current Hi.e.
progressiveI activit-. "or these verbs) the present tense e5presses on!- a habitua! activit-
]erb ,tem *cti(e 7articiple
to sit / stay
"ls f/ sitting
"als f,
to wear
lbs f1, wearing
labs fED
to sleep
n $s fIL sleeping
na $s f0L
to lea(e / e5it
xr% %n lea(ing
xar% n
to enter
dxl on entering
daxl on
to return
r% $ tJ returning
ra% $ tJ
to stand
w$f As standing
wa$f As
to tra(el
safr %?6 tra(eling
msafr %?+&
to rent
kra %B renting
kari B
to regret
ndm FL regretting
nadm L
to be -uiet
skt K.6 being -uiet
sakt KB6
to be afraid
xaf n being afraid
xayf ACn
to spend the
night
bat E
spending the
night
bayt KCE
So#e e5a#p!esE
;e wears a green shirt e(ery
day (habitual _ present tense)
kaylbs $ami%a xdra kul
nhar.
f1/B
45s '%}n oB
)
=L
;e is wearing a green shirt
(now_ participle)
huwa labs $ami%a xdra.

g ) fED 45s '%}n

,he goes to sleep at <J6JJ
(habitual _ present tense)
katn $s f 0B:BB.
fI7;B
8BIBB
,he is sleeping
(now_ participle)
hiya na $sa.
<
g 4+0L
Peace Corps / Morocco 8<8
Pass$:e Part$c$ple
]erb ,tem 7assi(e 7articiple
to write
ktb ~;B
(ha(ing been)
written
mktub'a(
6 ' ;.&)
to open
ll o( h
(ha(ing been)
opened
mlul'a(
6 ' /G&)
to sell
ba $ $E
(ha(ing been)
sold
mbiu $'a(
6 ' $1&)
to buy
ra %8
(ha(ing been)
bought
mri'a(
6 ' %@&)
to ma%e
(manufacture)
sn $ t72
(ha(ing been)
made /
manufactured
msnu $'a( 6 ' $7&)
So#e e5a#p!esE
0his tray is made of sil(er
had ssiniya msnu $a mn
lfdda.
Fg 4
(
7, 407& >& 4}
(
l,
0hese bo5es ha(e something
written on them
had snad$ mktub $lihum i
la%a.
Fg 72 ;.& -=
)
/0 <8
4JG,
0his letter is written4 . need only
a stamp to send it
had lbra mktuba, xssni
)ir t9tanbr ba n9siftha.
Fg %1, 4E;.& <7
(
n %| %1L;,
E =rlL
2o to my room, the door is
open
sir l lbit dyali rah lbab
mlul.
%6 K1, <,C 1,
/G&
Lntrans$t$:e 'erbs w$t !nly !ne Part$c$ple
]erb ,tem 7articiple
to garnish
xddr %}
(
n
ha(ing garnished
ha(ing been garnished
mxddr'a(
6 ' %}
(
3&)
to co(er
)tta r
(
|
ha(ing co(ered
ha(ing been co(ered
m)tti'a(
6 ' <r
(
p&)
to tra(el
safr %?6
ha(ing tra(eled
ha(ing been tra(eled
msafr'a(
6 ' %?+&)
to rest
rta #m
ha(ing rested
ha(ing been rested
mrta'a(
6 ' #m%&)
to go flat
tf ylm
ha(ing gone flat
ha(ing been gone flat
mfu'a(
6 ' @l&)
to hide
xbba 1
(
n
ha(ing hidden
ha(ing been hidden
mxbbi'a(
6 ' <1
(
3&)
So#e e5a#p!esE
8<9 Moroccan Arab$c
,he is tra(eling now because
she is on (acation
hiya msafra daba it
$ndha $utla.
<
g '%?+& E
Kh gF70 4/r0 )
.$m rela5ed since . finished my
wor%
ana mrta mlli kmmlt
lxdma dyali.
L #m%& </
(
& K/5
(
B 4&F3, <,C
0he taEine is garnished with
prunes and almonds
tta%in mxddr b lbr$u$ u
llu&.
>Jr, %}
(
3& s%1, /,
;e is co(ered with a blan%et
because he is cold
huwa m)tti b lkaa it
%ah lbrd.

g ) <r
(
p& 4@.
, Kh J %1,
,he was hidden behind the door
kant mxbbya mur lbab.
KLB 41
(
3& & 1,
Exercise: In the sentences below' suppl+ the proper for# of the participle of the
erb written in parentheses.
0. Ai5ha 'safr( l fransa.
< 4@0 7 6 %?6 +L%
?
1. kant -ara 'll( lbab.
K KLB '6 7 6 1, o( h
2. d9dar dyal sn 'ba $( A F, C >+h 6 $E )
=. kant Layla 'ma( ssu$.
= KLB /,
7 6 +, @&
>. $la xlliti ssr%m 'll(. > *0 <;/
(
n -J%+, 6 o( h )
@. lbar mlli %it kant xti 'n $s(.
@ #1, </
(
& KJ KLB <;n 6 fIL )
M. l$ami%a dyali 'wssx(.
L 45{, <,C 6 6
(
)
N. we 'sdd( lbab dyal lku&ina?
W 7 6 1, F
(
6 C 947C.,
O. kant -u $ad ')ab( lbar. M KLB I6
)
7 6 #1, |
0B. tiybt dd%a% '$mmr( b llu&.
<J K1
(
v JF, 7 6 %5
(
0 /,
00. had lkas 'sn $( f fransa. << Fg ., 7 6 t72 +L%
?
01. we kant Crika '"ls( f d9dar?
<K KLB .Cx 7 6 f/ 9F,
02. had lktab 'tr%m( mn l $rbiya l
nn"li&iya.
<A Fg ;., 7 6 >& -J%m 4
(
E%I, 4C
(
k/j7,
0=. ana '$rf( blli d%un 'r% $(
lm)rib.
<= L 7 6 </
(
E %0 J 7 6 %
p5, tJ
(on-unctions
either or
imma ... wlla &
(
x 111 D
(

Either send a letter or call me
imma siftliya bra wlla
$iytliya f ttilifun.
&
(
x l2
(
, %E D
(

(
0
(
,
l/ ; ,
in order to
ba E
. am learning *rabic in order to
tal% to people
kant $llm l $rbiya ba
ntkllm m $a nnas.
-/
(
I;7B
4
(
E%I, E -/
(
.;L t
& 7,
if
we
. want to %now if you read this
boo%
b)it n9$rf we $riti had
lktab.
KpE %IL <;C%s Fg ;.,
when / since
mlli mnin </
(
& / >7&
8hen . came to ?abat . too% the
train
mlli mnin %it l rrbat
ddit ttran.
</
(
& / >7& KJ E%, KCF
(
8
%;,
. ha(e been sic% since . came to
?abat
mlli %it l rrbatu ana
mrida.
</
(
& KJ E%, L 4}C%&
who / whom / which / that
lli </,
0he man who is sitting at that
table is my friend
rra%l lli "als f dik
ttbla sabi.
oJ%, </, f, :C 4/1r,
<1h2
0he boo% that . read is
important
lktab lli $rit muhimm.
;., </, KC%s -
(
=
&
)
until
tta ; (h
. won$t sleep until . finish this
boo%
ma9)adi9 n9n $s tta
nkmml had lktab.
& yC| fIL ( ; (h o5
(
.L Fg
;.,
as soon as
)ir %|
*s soon as . finished my wor% .
went out
)ir kmmlt lxdma dyali u
xr%t.
%| K/5
(
B 4&F3, <,C KJ%n
whene(er
w$t mma Ks &
(
8hene(er . am upset . cry
w$t mma t$ll$t kanbki.
Ks &
(
K{/
(
{m <.17B
although / e(en though

waxxa n(
*lthough Dohn is not a )uslim

he fasts
waxxa John mai muslim
kaysum.
n(
J <8& -/ +&
)
B
but
welakin >. ,
. want to help you but . can$t

b)it n9$awnk welakin
ma$ddit9.
KpE :LIL >. ,
& y;CF
(
s
before
$bl ma o1s &
This con/unction reGuires the present tense without the prefi5 ka HB
I) even if the past is referred to.

. always read before . sleep
dima kan$ra $bl ma nn
$s.
5C %{7B
o1s & fIL (

after b $d ma FIE &
In sentences having this con/unction) the verb of the subseGuent phrase has to be in the sa#e tense as
the first one.
*fter . went home, . showered
b $d ma mit l d9dar,
duwt.
FIE & K@& F, K8
(

that
blli </
(
E
. %new that you weren$t there $rft blli ma9knti9. K?%0 </
(
E & y;7B
8<# Moroccan Arab$c
since / when / because
it Kh
,ince you had a lot of wor%, why
did you go to the cinema9
it $ndk lxdma b&&af
$la miti l ssinima?
Kh F70 4&F3, k
(
E *0
<;@& 957 +,
8hen . was in )arra%ech . went
to the )enara
it knt f Marrake5h
mit l lMenara.
Kh K7B yB%& K@&
'75,
. went to the doctor because .
was sic%
mit l ttbib it knt
mrid.
K@& ~1r, Kh K7B zC%&
because
$la$$a { (G/
0
;e didn$t go to school because
he didn$t wa%e up early
ma9ma9 l lmdrasa
$la$$a ma9fa$9 bkri.
& @& 46
F5, {(G/
0 &
ys? %.E
without
bla ma *E &
0hey tal%ed without thin%ing
hdru bla ma y9fkru.
%}g *E & %.lC
where(er
fin mma >? &
(
8here(er there is water there is
life
fin mma kayn lma, kayna
layat.
>? &
(
>CB 5, 47CB 'G
,
then $ad 0
. ate then slept klit $ad n $st. K/B 0 K+IL
Exercise: "ill in the blan/s with the appropriate con-unction fro# the list.
ba it mlli $la$$a $ad tta blli we bla ma l9li welakin $bl
E Kh </
(
& {(G/
0 0 ; (h </
(
E *E & </, >. ,
o1s
0. ma9)adi9 n9safr :::: t9%i.
< & yC| %?+L ____ <m
1. xssk t9$rfi :::: tta i a%a mas$iba.
K :
(
n <?%Im ____ ; (h <8 4Jh 41I2&
2. b)it n9duw :::: n9rta.
A KpE
(
FL ____ #m%L
=. b)au y9$rfu :::: kayna i mdrasa hna.
= pE ?%IC ____ 47CB <8 46
F& 7g
>. ddwa :::: st $mlt m&yan.
> F, ____ K/5I;6 Ck&
@. :::: kant mrida mat l $nd ttbib.
@ ____ KLB 4}C%& @& F70 ~1r,
M. b)at t9ufu :::: ma9$ndha9 lw$t.
L pE ?@m ____ & gF70 Ks,
N. fkkr :::: %awb.
W %.
(
? ____ J
O. lmdina :::: knt sakn fiha kbira.
M 47CF5, ____ K7B >B6 =? '%1B
0B. ktbt bra :::: n $st.
<J K1;B %E ____ K+IL
00. kayakul :::: y9)sl yddih ::::
kayakul b lfrita.
<< oB
)
B
____ o+pC HCF

(
C ____ oB
)
B

4r8%l,
01. ma9safrat9 :::: ma9$ndha9 lflus.
<K & ym%?6 ____ & gF70 /l,
More !seful Expressions
'ou were given so#e usefu! e5pressions on pages 1% to 61. 9ere are #ore e5pressions) inc!uding #an-
,God phrases..
,od Prases
)ay 2od bless your parents
(used often when as%ing for a ser(ice /
information or to e5press gratitude to
someone)
lla y9rm lwalidin.
H/, -h%C >CF, ,
Sur parents and yours (a
response to the abo(e)
walidina u walidik.
7CF, :CF,
)ay 2od cure you (used to show
sympathy toward a sic% person)
lla y9afi.
H/, <?@C
)ay 2od not show you any
harm (a response to the abo(e)
lhla y9wrrik bas.
*=, :C
(
C E
)ay 2od magnify the good
deeds (used to offer condolences for
someone$s death)
a%arakum llah.
-B
)
%
H/,
)ay 2od ma%e your child a
good person (used to complement a
parent on his/her child)
lla y9sl.
H/, q/C
)ay 2od grant you grace (used
when saying goodbye to a friend or
congratulating him/her on a Eob well
done)
tbark llah $lik.
1m H/, :/0
)ay 2od grant you grace
lla y9bark fik.
H/, 1C :?
. swear to 2od (e5presses that
what you said was true)
ullah.
H/,
Bsed to e5press e5cuse me when
someone does something for you, such
as6 hands you soc%s or shoes, pours
water o(er your hands to wash them,
etc .t is also used when the spea%er
mentions words li%e don%ey or trash
aak.
@h
)ay 2od grant you pride and

honor (used as a response to the
abo(e)
$&&k llah. k
(
0 H/,
Bsed on the arri(al of somebody
after a trip
$la slamtk. /0 :;&*6
?esponse to the abo(e
lla y9sllmk.
H/, :5/
(
+C
)ay 2od ma%e your life easier
(said to beggars)
lla y9shl.
H/, o=+C
!ter 5.press$ons
8ould you please help me9
we ymkn lik t9$awnni? >.5C :, 9<L (Im
.f you don$t mind
ila %at $la xatrk.
Dx J /0 %vn
.t is my pleasure
$la rras u l $in.
/0 %, >I,
8</ Moroccan Arab$c
Gou$re welcome
la ukran $la wa%ib.
D
%.8) /0 ~J

2od forgi(es
lla y9sam.
H/, q&+C
.t is all right (no harm done)
i bas ma kayn.
<8 E & >CB
0here is no harm (response to
apology)
ma fiha bas.
& =? E
0hat$s fine
ddnya hanya.
LF, 4Lg
.$m going on
)adi n9mi nhar...
| <@5L =L
and .$ll be bac% on u )adi n9r% $ nhar... | tJ%L =L
?eally 9/R
bss ?G
q
(
E 9 /R
.t$s shameful
uma 4&@h
,hame on you uma $lik. 4&@h :/0
.t$s none of your business
mai )lk.
<8& :/p8
;urry up
srbi d)ya tl$ rask.
<E%6 / 4| / /v :6
Gou are right $ndk l$$. F70
(
G,
. agree with you ana mttaf$ m $ak. L ?; (& I&
8atch outR $ndakG F70R
)o(e aside
balak.
*E
;ow do we say in *rabic9

kifa kan"ulu ... b l
$rbiya.
lB ,j7B
111 4
(
E%I,
.s there another word9
we kayna i klma xura? 47CB <8 45/B 9%n)
.s there an easy word9
we kayna i klma
sahla?
47CB <8 45/B 94/g6
Moroccan 9olida+s
9o!ida-s in Morocco are e5tre#e!- i#portant and festive occasions. +o#en and gir!s have henna
parties and co#e out of their houses to ce!ebrate. :isitors are entertained and gifts are e5changed
a#ong friends. Particu!ar re!igious rites are perfor#ed. Specia! sweets and foods are washed down b-
g!ass after g!ass of #int tea as ever-one gets caught up in the socia!iJing and ce!ebrating.
>eligious 9olida+s
There are both re!igious and civi! ho!ida-s in Morocco. The Gregorian ca!endar) based on so!ar
co#putation) is used for civi! purposes. This is the ca!endar +esterners genera!!- use.
The Is!a#ic ca!endar) based on !unar co#putation) divides the -ear into twe!ve #onths which
reoccur in var-ing re!ationship to the Gregorian -ear and co#p!ete their c-c!e ever- thirt- -ears of 155
da-s. These thirt--ear c-c!es consist of nineteen -ears of 15= da-s and e!even -ears of 155 da-s. Thus)
the Is!a#ic ca!endar gains 1( to 11 da-s a -ear on the Gregorian -ear.
This ca!endar is ca!!ed the 9egiran ca!endar because its starting point was the hegira) when
Moha#ed f!ed fro# Mecca in <66 of the Gregorian ca!endar. This ca!endar is used for re!igious
purposes in Morocco.
Month
Transcription
Name
Arabic Festivals
1
st
mua""am %
i
G
&
)
1(
th
of the #onthE $au"a
6
nd
safa" %l2
1
rd
"abi $ lluwl tE
(
/, 16
th
of the #onthE $id l'mulud
=
th
"abi $ ttani tE
<L;,
5
th
jumada lluwla 5J
)
4,
(
/,
<
th
jumada ttanya 5J
)
4L;,
7
th
"ajab ~J
th
a $ban 1I8 15
th
of the #onthE $bana
%
th
"amadan }&
1(
th
uwal
(
8 1
st
of the #onthE l'$id s'si"
11
th
du l#i $da 'FI{,
16
th
du lijja 4
(
G , 1(
th
of the #onthE l'$id l'kbi"
9ere are descriptions of the #a/or festiva!sE
$au"a #*
mua""am) the first #onth of the Is!a#ic -ear) is in Morocco ca!!ed h" $au"a) the #onth of the
$au"a. It has derived this na#e fro# the feast on the tenth da- of the #onth. This da-) ca!!ed nha"
$au"a is the Is!a#ic $ew 'ear@s &a-. It is said that A!!ah created Ada# and 4ve) heaven and he!!) and
!ife and death on the 1(
th
.
The #onth of $au"a is rich in #agica! Gua!ities. The ninth and particu!ar!- the tenth da- are
b!essed da-s) and on the !atter) #an- sacred or wonderfu! events are said to have ta2en p!ace in the
past. In Morocco) bara2a is a!so genera!!- ascribed to those da-s. Magic) good) or evi! is e5tensive!-
practiced on the $au"a da- and on the preceding night which is said to favor witches. Peop!e gather
and #an- wear #as2s and costu#es and spea2 in disguised voices on the night before the $au"a. It is
be!ieved that #agic practiced at this ti#e of -ear wi!! produce an effect which !asts for the who!e -ear.
Good food has a p!ace in the re/oicing of $au"a) in accordance with the traditiona! sa-ing of the
Prophet) ,+ho give the p!ent- to his househo!d on the $au"a da-) God wi!! bestow p!ent- upon hi#
8<3 Moroccan Arab$c
throughout the re#ainder of the -ear.. *ow) bu!!oc2) goat) sheep) dried dates) and eggs are fi5ed
according to !oca! custo#. :isits to the graves of re!atives and a!#sgiving are co##on at this ti#e.
7f great interest are the fire and water rites practiced at $au"a) to which purificator- and other
beneficia! effects are ascribed. 7n $au"a eve) ,the bonfire night. fires are bui!t throughout the town
and the peop!e sing and dance around the#. The chief ob/ect of the rite is to purif- #en and ani#a!s or
to protect the# fro# evi! inf!uences) since there is ,bara2a. Hb!essingsI fro# those fires.
Si#i!ar effects are attributed to the water rites which even #ore freGuent!- are practiced on the
fo!!owing #orning. It is a genera! be!ief that there is bara2a in a!! water on this #orning. To ta2e a bath
on the #orning of the $au"a da- is a ver- widespread custo#) and in #an- cases it was e5press!- said
that it #ust be done before sunrise. *hi!dren are traditiona!!- invo!ved in this festiva!. The- dressup)
p!a- s#a!! dru#s) and are given gifts during this ho!ida-.
$id lmulud * +
In Morocco) the third #onth of the Is!a#ic -ear is ca!!ed h" lmulud) the #onth of the mulud.
These na#es are given because of the feast ce!ebrating the birth of the Prophet which co##ences on
the twe!fth da- of the #onth and !asts for severa! da-s. The mulud is a particu!ar!- b!essed #onth and
a!! chi!dren born during it are considered fortunate.
The Prophet@s Birthda- has #ore significance in Morocco because Morocco is a ;ingdo# rather
than a repub!ic) and ;ing Moha#ed :I is a descendant of the Prophet. The anniversar- is bri!!iant!-
ce!ebrated at the I#peria! Pa!ace in ?abat and in the evening in Sa!e a great procession of cand!es ta2es
p!ace.
In Me2nes the Aissaoua brotherhood has its own uniGue ce!ebration worth seeing. "o!!owers of the
ho!- #an) !hadi Ben Aissa throng to Me2nes and p!a- #usic) dance) ce!ebrate and #a2e what is ca!!ed
,the s#a!! pi!gri#age. to nearb- saints@ to#bs.
$bana ,(-
The eighth #onth of the Moroccan -ear is ca!!ed $ban. 7n the fifteenth da- a festiva! 2nown as
$bana ta2es p!ace. According to !egend) this is the da- that A!!ah ,registers a!! the actions of #an2ind
which the- are to perfor# during the -ear and a!! the chi!dren of #en who are to be born and die in the
-ear..
Traditiona!!-) barren wo#en gather in ho#es in the neighborhood and coo2 a couscous #ea! with
specia! spices. This #ea! is eaten b- the wo#en and chi!dren at ho#e or in the #osGue. The barren
wo#en in the group hope this wi!! he!p the# to give birth during the upco#ing -ear.
$bana is a!so the #onth before the #onth of fasting) ?a#adan. Peop!e thin2 of the difficu!t
#onth ahead and have a feast. *rafts#en gui!ds often have parties on this night invo!ving #usic and
feasting.
laylatu l#ad" .
#
?a#adan is the ninth #onth of the Is!a#ic -ear. The #ost i#portant feature of ?a#adan is the
co#p!ete abstinence fro# food) drin2 and se5ua! activit- fro# da-brea2 to sunset. 4ver- Mus!i# who
has reached the age of pubert- #ust fast. Pregnant wo#en) #enstruating wo#en) trave!ers) and those
who are i!! are e5e#pt fro# fasting) but shou!d #a2e it up at a !ater date.
According Is!a#) there is one night in ?a#adan which is #ore i#portant than another) na#e!-)
laylatu l#ad") ,the night of power.. The ;oran is said to have been sent down to the Prophet on that
night. This night is one of the !ast ten nights of ?a#adan) but its e5act date has not been discovered b-
an-one but the Prophet hi#se!f. Tradition fi5es it to be one of the odd nightsDthe 61
st
) 61
rd
) 65
th
) 67
th
) or
6%
th
Dand in Morocco it is ce!ebrated on the 67
th
da-.
7n the night of the 67
th
) the #en go to the #osGue to pra-. "ro# sundown to da-brea2) the i#a#
Hthe pra-er !eaderI reads the ;oran. The co#p!ete ;oran is read before the sun rises. It is be!ieved b-
so#e that the s2- wi!! open up during this night and wishes wi!! ascend direct!- to A!!ah and be
granted. &uring the night) specia! #ea!s of couscous are prepared and brought to the #osGues. Those
unab!e to go to the #osGue eat specia!!- prepared #ea!s at ho#e. 4ach fa#i!- gives part of the #ea! to
the poor.
l $id ssi" - /0
I##ediate!- fo!!owing ?a#adan is l $id ssi" ) or ,the !itt!e feast.. 4ver-one sta-s up ver- !ate
hoping to hear the announce#ent that the new #oon has been sighted and ?a#adan and fasting are
over. +hen it has officia!!- been sighted) a threeda- festiva! ensues in which a!#sgiving p!a-s a #a/or
ro!e. The a!#s usua!!- consist of food ite#s !i2e wheat or bar!e-) and each fa#i!- does the best it can.
The chief re!igious rite of the feast is a pra-er service at the #osGue.
l $id lkbi" - (1
7n the tenth da- of the #onth du lijja) the !ast #onth of the -ear) the Is!a#ic wor!d ce!ebrates
its -ear!- sacrificia! feast. In Morocco it is 2nown as l $id lkbi" or ,the great feast.. This is the centra!
feast in Is!a#) co#parab!e to and derived fro# the feast of the atone#ent) Abraha#@s substitute
sacrifice) for the re#ission of sins. 9ence) the ani#a! sacrificed #ust be #ature and without b!e#ish.
4ver- fa#i!- #ust have its own sheep /ust as A#ericans need tur2e-s for the proper ce!ebration of
Than2sgiving. Those who cannot afford a sheep bu- a !a#b or another !ess e5pensive ani#a!. In
Morocco) the ani#a! cannot be s!ain unti! the ;ing has 2i!!ed his sheep. Then in each househo!d) the
head of the fa#i!- 2i!!s the sheep Hso#eti#es a butcher is as2ed to co#e to the house and perfor# the
ritua!I. The sheep is eaten in an order!- fashion deter#ined b- !oca! custo#. "or e5a#p!e) on the first
da-) the !iver) heart) sto#ach) and !ungs are eaten. 7n the second da-) nor#a!!- the head and feet are
eaten. 9owever) the head and feet can be eaten on the first da- if that is the !oca! custo#. There are
purification and sanctification custo#s and rites that prepare the peop!e for the ho!- feast and its
principa! feature) the sacrifice. Peop!e #ust purif- and sanctif- the#se!ves in order to benefit fro# the
ho!- feast and its sacrifice. Persona! c!ean!iness shou!d be observed. Men and bo-s visit the barber and
often #a2e a trip to the ha##a# as we!!.
9enna is used not #ere!- as a cos#etic) but as a #eans of protection against evi! inf!uences.
+o#en paint their hands with it and) in #an- cases) a!so their feet. A#ong so#e ethnic groups) henna
is a!so app!ied to do#estic ani#a!s.
A!#sgiving and pra-er are two other purification rites practiced during the great feast. Gifts are
e5changed between fa#i!- #e#bers and a portion of the #ea! is given to the poor. The da- begins with
pra-er. The chief pra-ing cere#on- ta2es p!ace in the #orning at the #osGue.
Mousse"s
Man- Moroccan co##unities co##e#orate !oca! saints) or ,#arabous). in a -ear!- festiva! or
,#ousse#.. Most #ousse#s are he!d near the to#b of the #arabou and invo!ve #usic) dancing and
fantasia. "or a ver- fa#ous #arabou@s #ousse#) peop!e wi!! co#e fro# ver- far awa-. So#e ver-
fa#ous #ousse#s ce!ebrate Mou!a- Bouchaib Hnear 4! UadidaI) Mou!a- Brahi# Hnear Marra2echI)
Mou!a- 'a $Gub H"esI) and Mou!a- Idriss HMou!a- IdrissI. Man- towns have their own #ousse#s
2nown on!- to those in the region.
$ational 9olida+s
In addition to the re!igious ho!ida-s) so#e i#portant civi! ho!ida-s co##e#orating significant
events in Morocco@s recent histor- are ce!ebrated. The #ost i#portant of these are Independence &a-)
the Throne feast) Green March &a-) and ;ing Moha#ed@s birthda-.
The "estiva! of the Throne) or $id l'$") is the biggest of the civi! ho!ida-s. This festiva!
co##e#orates the co#ing to power of the ;ing on Uu!- 1() 1%%%. *e!ebrations inc!uding parades with
nationa!istic anthe#s) usua!!- occur in the cities with !oca! govern#ent officia!s) !i2e the governor)
#a2ing appearances. Traditiona!!- during this ho!ida-) countr- peop!e co#e to visit their cit- re!atives)
who are e5pected to feed and house the# for the duration of the festiva!. There is often a specia!
e#phasis on i#proving the appearance of the town prior to this ho!ida-. *it- e#p!o-ees c!ean streets
8/B Moroccan Arab$c
and paint wa!!s) and townspeop!e are so#eti#es reGuired b- govern#ent officia!s to paint their doors)
whitewash their houses) and disp!a- f!ags.
Green March &a- is a!so ce!ebrated b- !arge parades in #ost of Morocco. This da- co##e#orates
one of the greatest achieve#ents of ;ing 9assan IIE the #obi!iJation of 15()((( Moroccans for the
#arch into the Sahara territor-. 7n $ove#ber <) 1%75) the first Moroccan #archers) under the
!eadership of the then Pri#e Minister Ah#ed 7s#an) set out fro# Tarfa-a and entered the Spanish
territor-. &uring the ce!ebration) those who went on the actua! #arch once again dress up in green and
reenact the #arch.
Independence &a-) or $id l'isti#lal) co##e#orates the $ove#ber 1) 1%5< return of
Moha#ed : fro# his "renchi#posed e5i!e in Madagascar. This da- gives rise to receptions at the
I#peria! Pa!ace and parades and ce!ebrations a!! over Morocco.
The !ast of these #a/or nationa! ho!ida-s ce!ebrates the ;ing@s Birthda-) August 61) 1%<6. There are
#an- organiJed ce!ebrations in ?abat and broadcasts on the radio praising the ;ing.
Ce-$onal @est$:als
There are a!so #an- regiona! festiva!s which are centered around a particu!ar product in which a
region specia!iJes. The product is disp!a-ed and so!dF #usic and other activities ta2e p!ace in an
at#osphere si#i!ar to a countr- fair.
So#e fa#ous regiona! festiva!s are the *herr- "estiva! in Sefrou) the &ate "estiva! in 4rfoud) the
?ose "estiva! in 4!C;e!aa M@Gouna Hnear 7uarJaJateI) the Marra2ech "o!2!ore and Music "estiva!) and
the I##ouJer 9one- "estiva! Hnear AgadirI.
7ne of the #ost interesting festiva!s in Morocco is the reenact#ent of an ancient #ar2et in the
9igh At!as #ountains. At one ti#e) these ver- iso!ated 9igh At!as tribes wou!d gather -ear!- at a
specific point near I#i!chi! where #an- #ountain paths #et for the -ear!- ,#ar2et.. Provisions for
#an- #onths were bought and so!d and at one ti#e one of the reasons for co#ing was to acGuire a
bride. Men wou!d #eet a gir! for the first ti#e and pa- her dowr- then ta2e her ho#e. So#e sa- this
practice sti!! e5ists and others sa- it is /ust a reenact#ent for tourists) but in an- case) it is a !arge
#ar2et where #an- Berbers sti!! bu- #an- of the co#ing -ear@s provisions.
?e!igious) civi!) and regiona! festiva!s are an e5ce!!ent chance to get out and see interesting things)
#eet peop!e on an infor#a! basis) and have fun. &ates of these ce!ebrations can be obtained fro# the
nationa! tourist office branches in #an- cities) but peop!e in -our co##unit- wi!! usua!!- provide -ou
with the infor#ation about -our region.
It shou!d be noted that the sa#e festiva! #a- be ce!ebrated so#ewhat different!- in various sections
of the countr-. "or e5a#p!e) in 4rrachidia Province) a far greater e#phasis is put on Green March &a-
than in other sections of Morocco because that province provided the first contingent for the #arch.
Be sure to chec2 out the e5pectations of -our co##unit- for a particu!ar ho!ida-) particu!ar!- in
ter#s of visitation) entertaining) giftgiving) and participation) so -ou can get as invo!ved as possib!e and
en/o- the ho!ida-s.
Glossar+ of :erbs
This g!ossar- provides both the present tense and past tense con/ugations for the sub/ect ,I). #a2ing it
possib!e for -ou to deter#ine how to con/ugate irregu!ar verbs.
English Transcription Arabic
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
absent, to be
)ab | kan9)ib )bt
able, to be
$dr Fs kan9$dr $drt
absorb
rb %8 kan9rb rbt
abort (a fetus)
s$$t {(6 kan9s$$t s$$tt
accept
$bl o1s kan9$bl $blt
accomplish
$$e$ {(h kan9$$e$ $$e$t
accuse
ttahm -=m i
kan9ttahm ttahmt
accustom t $uwd
(
Im kan9t $uwd t $uwdt
wllf A,
(
kan9wllf wllft
ache w% $ tJ kan9w% $ w% $t
drr %
(
kan9drr drrit
ac%nowledge $tarf b %; 0 kan9$tarf $tarft
ac-uaint with, become
ac-uainted with, sth/sb
t $arf m $a Im t
& kan9t $arf t $arft

t $rrf m $a %
(
Im t
& kan9t $rrf t $rrft

add
&ad kan9&id &dt
adopt (a child, an idea)
tbnna 7 (1m kan9tbnna tbnnit
ad(ance
t$ddm F
(
{m kan9t$ddm t$ddmt
ad(ise
ns qL kan9ns nst
affect attr $la %m ( /0 kan9attr attrt
afraid (of), to be
xaf 'mn(
n 6 >& )
kan9xaf xft
age (get old)
rf %8 kan9rf rft
agree (with)
ttaf$ 'm $a(
?m ( 6 t
& )
kan9ttaf$ ttaf$t
amuse
nt @( L kan9nt ntt
dk :G
(
kan9dk dkt
analy"e
llel o/
(
h kan9llel llelt
angry, to be
t$ll$ /
(
{m kan9t$ll$ t$ll$t
annoy sdd $ $F
(
2 kan9sdd $ sdd $t
answer
%awb J kan9%awb %awbt
appear
ban E kan9ban bnt
applaud
sff$ l(2 kan9sff$ sff$t
apply (a rule, an idea)
tbb$ 1
(
v kan9tbb$ tbb$t
apply for (a Eob)
$ddm talab F
(
s ~/
kan9$ddm $ddmt
appoint $iyn >
(
0 kan9$iyn $iynt
approach
$rrb mn %
(
s >& kan9$rrb $rrbt
8/9 Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
argue (with) txasm 'm $a( -23m 6 t
& )
kan9txasm txasmt
arrange
rttb ~m ( kan9rttb rttbt
arrest sb
dd F
(
8 kan9dd ddit
bs f1h kan9bs bst
$bt$la 1s /0 kan9$bt $btt
arri(e
wsl o2 kan9wsl wslt
arri(e, to ma%e
wssl o2
(
kan9wssl wsslt
ascend
tl $ t/v kan9tl $ tl $t
as%
suwl
(
6 kan9suwl suwlt
as% (in marriage)
xtb ~rn kan9xtb xtbt
assemble (parts)
rkkb ~B
(
kan9rkkb rkkbt
attac%
h%m $la -g /0 kan9h%m h%mt
attempt
awl h kan9awl awlt
attend
dr f %}h kan9dr drt
attention, pay
rdd l9bal
(
1, kan9rdd l9bal rddit l9bal
da rasu }h 6 kan9di rasi dit rasi
a(oid
t%nnb ~7 (m kan9t%nnb t%nnbt
banter
tflla /
(
lm kan9tflla tfllit
bargain
tttr %r
(
@m kan9tttr tttrt
bar%
nb q1L kan9nb nbt
bathe
)sl o+| kan9)sl )slt
tmmem -5
(
Gm kan9tmmem tmmemt
be
kan B kan9kun knt
beat (drum)
tbbl o1
(
v kan9tbbl tbblt
beat sb (in a game)
)lb ~/| kan9)lb )lbt
become
wlla ,
(
kan9wlli wllit
become accustomed
wllf A,
(
kan9wllf wllft
befriend
tsab m $a ~hm t
& kan9tsab tsabt

beg
r)b ~| kan9r)b r)bt
tlb ~/v kan9tlb tlbt
begin
bda FE kan9bda bdit
belch/burp
t"rr $ $%
(
jm kan9t"rr $ t"rr $t
belie(e sb
tiy$
(
m kan9tiy$ tiy$t
belie(e (in)
amn 'b(
>& 6 )
kan9amn amnt
benefit (from)
stafd 'mn(
Fl; 6 6 >& )
kan9stafd stafdt
betray
xan n kan9xun xnt
bigger, to ma%e
kbbr %1
(
B kan9kbbr kbbrt
birth, to gi(e
wld F, kan9wld wldt
Peace Corps / Morocco 8/3
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
bite $dd z
(
0 kan9$dd $ddit
blow up (with air)
nfx lL kan9nfx nfxt
blow up (e5plode) fr" $ t%? kan9fr" $ fr" $t
boil
)lla /
(
| kan9)lli )llit
born, to be
t&ad km kan9t&ad t&adt
borrow
tsllf A/
(
+m kan9tsllf tsllft
bow
dr Fh kan9dr drt
brea%
hrrs %
(
g kan9hrrs hrrst
bro%en, to be
thrrs %
(
=m kan9thrrs thrrst
brea% down (machine)
txssr %+
(
3m kan9txssr txssrt
breathe
tnffs fl(7m kan9tnffs tnffst
bring
%ab J kan9%ib %bt
brush (hair)
mt @& kan9mt mtt
build
bna 7E kan9bni bnit
burn
r$ %h kan9r$ r$t
burnt, to be
tr$ %Gm kan9tr$ tr$t
burst (pipe)
tfr" $ t%lm kan9tfr" $ tfr" $t
bury
dfn >? kan9dfn dfnt
buy
ra %8 kan9ri rit
call $iytl$la
(
0 / /0 kan9$iyt $iytt
call on the phone
drb t
tilifun
% l/; , kan9drb drbt
$iytl
(
0 kan9$iyt $iytt
calm, to be (to not worry)
thnna 7 (=m kan9thnna thnnit
can
$dr Fs kan9$dr $drt
camp
xiym -
(
n kan9xiym xiymt
capture
$bt 1s kan9$bt $btt
care of, to ta%e
thla f *=m kan9thla thlat
carry
h&& k
(
g kan9h&& h&&it
car(e (wood)
n$ y{L kan9n$ n$t
cash
srrf %
(
2 kan9srrf srrft
catch
dd F
(
8 kan9dd ddit
$bt 1s kan9$bt $btt
catch up (with)
xlt$la /n /0 kan9xlt xltt
l$ $la G, /0 kan9l$ l$t
cause
sbbeb ~1
(
6 kan9sbbeb sbbebt
tsbbeb f ~1
(
+m kan9tsbbeb tsbbebt
8/# Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
celebrate
tafl b ol; h kan9tafl taflt
censor (prices, film)
ra$b ~s kan9ra$b ra$bt
change
bddl F
(
E kan9bddl bddlt
change (money)
srrf %
(
2 kan9srrf srrft
change (weather)
tbddl F
(
1m kan9tbddl tbddlt
charge of, to be in
tkllf b A/
(
.m kan9tkllf tkllft
cheat
) y
(
| kan9) )it
cheat (e5am)
n$l o{L kan9n$l n$lt
cheat out of
mt K58 kan9mt mtt
chew
md) }& kan9md) md)t
choose
xtar ;n kan9xtar xtarit
churn
mxd z3& kan9mxd mxdt
clap
sff$ l(2 kan9sff$ sff$t
clarify
r #%8 kan9r rt
wdd q
(
kan9wdd wddt
clean
n$$a {(L kan9n$$i n$$it
clean (pipes)
srr #%
(
6 kan9srr srrt
climb tl $ t/v kan9tl $ tl $t
clog
xn$ 7n kan9xn$ xn$t
close
sdd F
(
6 kan9sdd sddit
close eyes
)mmd z5
(
| kan9)mmd )mmdt
cold, to ma%e
brrd %
(
E kan9brrd brrdt
collapse
rab kan9rib rbt
collect %m $ t5J kan9%m $ %m $t
come
%a J kan9%i %it
comment $ll$ /
(
0 kan9$ll$ $ll$t
compare
$arn bin s >E kan9$arn $arnt
complain about
tkka mn .
(
@m >& kan9tkka tkkit
complain to
tkka $la .
(
@m /0 kan9tkka tkkit
complete
kmml o5
(
B kan9kmml kmmlt
concentrate
rkk& kB
(
kan9rkk& rkk&t
concern
hmm -
(
g kay9hmm hmm
concerned with, to be
httm b -; (g kan9httm httmt
confess $tarf %; 0 kan9$tarf $tarft
confuse
iyr %
(
h kan9iyr iyrt
confused, to be
ar h kan9ir rt
congratulate
hnna 7 (g kan9hnni hnnit
Peace Corps / Morocco 8/<
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
conEugate
srrf %
(
2 kan9srrf srrft
connect
rbt E kan9rbt rbtt
consult (with) tawr 'm $a( @m 6 t
& )
kan9tawr tawrt
contact
tasl b om kan9tasl taslt
content with, to be (gi(e
your blessing to)
rda $la /0 kan9rdi rdit
continue in sth
stamr f %5; 6 kan9stamr stamrt
continue studies
tab $ tEm kan9tab $ tab $t
contribute
sahm -g6 kan9sahm sahmt
control
tkkm f -.
(
Gm kan9tkkm tkkmt
ra$b ~s kan9ra$b ra$bt
coo%
tiyb ~
(
v kan9tiyb tiybt
cooperate (with) t $awn 'm $a( Im 6 t
& ) kan9t $awn t $awnt

cope
sllk :/
(
6 kan9sllk sllkt
copy (by hand)
n$l o{L kan9n$l n$lt
copy (photocopy)
nsx +L kan9nsx nsxt
correct
se qG
(
2 kan9se set
cost
swa 6 kan9swa swit
cough
k q
(
B kan9k kit
kb ~GB kan9kb kbt
count
sb ~+h kan9sb sbt
cram into
xa @n kan9xi xit
cra"y, to be
m$ 5h kan9m$ m$t
cra"y, to ma%e
mm$ 5
(
h kan9mm$ mm$t
create
xl$ /n kan9xl$ xl$t
cross (road)
$t$ trs kan9$t $ $t$t
cross1breed
l$$m {, ( - kan9l$$m l$$mt
cry
bka .E kan9bki bkit
cry, to ma%e
bkka .
(
E kan9bkki bkkit
cure
dawa kan9dawi dawit
cured, to be
bra %E kan9bra brit
cut
$t$ trs kan9$t $ $t$t
cut (hair)
ssn >+
(
h kan9ssn ssnt
cut/inEure (s%in)
%r #%J kan9%r %rt
cut/inEured, to be
t%r #%m kan9t%r t%rt
cut( a pattern from cloth)
fssl o
(
? kan9fssl fsslt
damage
xssr %+
(
n kan9xssr xssrt
dampen
f&&" k
(
? kan9f&&" f&&"t
8// Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
damp, to get
f&" k? kan9f&" f&"t
dance
t qr8 kan9t tt
deafen
smmk :5
(
2 kan9smmk smmkt
deal with sb t $aml m $a o&Im t
& kan9t $aml t $amlt

decide
$rrer %
(
s kan9$rrer $rrert
declare $ln >/0 kan9$ln $lnt
decrease
n$s {L kan9n$s n$st
dedicate
hda Fg kan9hdi hdit
defeat
)lb ~/| kan9)lb )lbt
defend daf $ $ la t? /0 kan9daf $ daf $t
define
dded F
(
h kan9dded ddedt
defy
tdda F
(
Gm kan9tdda tddit
delay
$ttl or
(
0 kan9$ttl $ttlt
depri(e
rm %h kan9rm rmt
descend
hbt 1g kan9hbt hbtt
n&l kL kan9n&l n&lt
describe
wsf A2 kan9wsf wsft
deser(e
sta$ G; 6 kan9sta$ sta$t
design
xttet r
(
n kan9xttet xttett
desire strongly mat $la & /0 kan9mut mtt
destroy
hddm F
(
g kan9hddm hddmt
de(elop
tuwr
(
v kan9tuwr tuwrt
de(elop (film)
xrr% %
(
n kan9xrr% xrr%t
die
mat & kan9mut mtt
differ (from)
xtalf 'm $a(
A/; n 6 t
& )
kan9xtalf xtalft
dig
fr %lh kan9fr frt
digest
hdm -}g kan9hdm hdmt
dinner, to ha(e t $a @( Im kan9t $a t $it
direct
w%%h HJ
(
kan9w%%h w%%ht
direct (as an order)
amr %& kan9amr amrt
dirty, to ma%e
wssx 6
(
kan9wssx wssxt
dirty, to get
tussx 6
(
m kan9tussx tussxt
disappear
)br %1| kan9)br )brt
discipline
addb
(
kan9addb addbt
rbba E
(
kan9rbbi rbbit
disco(er
ktaf A@; B kan9ktaf ktaft
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
discuss (a topic)
na$ ysL kan9na$ na$t
disli%e
ma9ml9 & y/5h ma9kan9ml9 ma9mlt9
krh %B kan9krh krht
dissol(e sth
duwb
(
kan9duwb duwbt
distribute
frr$ %
(
? kan9frr$ frr$t
distance oneself (from)
b $ $ d 'mn(
FI
(
E 6 >& )
kan9b $ $ d b $ $ dt
di(ide
$sm -+s kan9$sm $smt
di(orce
tll$ /
(
v kan9tll$ tll$t
di""y, to get
dax ! kan9dux dxt
di""y, to ma%e
duwx !
(
kan9duwx duwxt
do
dar kan9dir drt
drag
%rr %
(
J kan9%rr %rrit
draw
rsm -6 kan9rsm rsmt
draw up (water from a
well)
%bd F1J kan9%bd %bdt
dream (about)
lm 'b(
-/h 6 )
kan9lm lmt
dress
lbs f1, kan9lbs lbst
dress up (slang)
tfrks fB%lm kan9tfrks tfrkst
drin%
rb %8 kan9rb rbt
drin%, to ma%e
rrb %
(
8 kan9rrb rrbt
drip
$tr %rs kan9$tr $trt
dri(e
sa" 2 kan9su" s"t
dri(e cra"y
mm$ 5
(
h kan9mm$ mm$t
drop sth
tiy q
(
v kan9tiy tiyt
drown
)r$ %| kan9)r$ )r$t
drun%, to get
skr %.6 kan9skr skrt
dry, to get
nf A@L kan9nf nft
ybs f1C kan9ybs ybst
dry sth
nf A@( L kan9nf nft
ybbs f1
(
C kan9ybbs ybbst
dry (a wet floor)
%ffef Al(J kan9%ffef %ffeft
dye
sb) 12 kan9sb) sb)t
earn (money)
suwr
(
2 kan9suwr suwrt
easy, to ma%e
shhl o=
(
6 kan9shhl shhlt
eat
kla /B kan9akul klit
eat brea%fast
ftr %r? kan9ftr ftrt
eat lunch
t)dda F
(
pm kan9t)dda t)ddit
8/3 Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
eat dinner t $a @( Im kan9t $a t $it
economi"e
$tasd F; s kan9$tasd $tasdt
elect
ntaxb ~3; L kan9ntaxb ntaxbt
embarrass sb
m -@( h kan9m mt
embarrassed, to be
m -@h kan9m mt
embrace
$an$ L0 kan9$an$ $an$t
embrace .slam
slm -/6 kan9slm slmt
emigrate
ha%r %Jg kan9ha%r ha%rt
empty
xwa n kan9xwi xwit
encourage
%% $ t
(
8 kan9%% $ %% $t
enEoy sth tbr $ $%1m kan9tbr $ tbr $t
enroll
ts%%l o
(
+m kan9ts%%l ts%%lt
enter
dxl on kan9dxl dxlt
en(y
sd F+h kan9sd sdt
erase
ms q+& kan9ms mst
ma G& kan9mi mit
escape
hrb %g kan9hrb hrbt
estimate
$ddr F
(
s kan9$ddr $ddrt
e(acuate
(house/country)
xwa n kan9xwi xwit
e(ict
xrr% %
(
n kan9xrr% xrr%t
e(ol(e
ttuwr
(
rm kan9ttuwr ttuwrt
e5aggerate (slang)
bal) ,E kan9bal) bal)t
e5change tbadl m $a 1m t
& kan9tbadl tbadlt

e5hibit
$rd %0 kan9$rd $rdt
e5it
xr% %n kan9xr% xr%t
e5pensi(e, to get
)la /| kay9)la )la
e5perience
%rrb %
(
J kan9%rrb %rrbt
e5pire
t$ada {m kay9t$ada t$ada
e5plain
r #%8 kan9r rt
fssr %+
(
? kan9fssr fssrt
e5plode tfr" $ t%lm kan9tfr" $ tfr" $t
e5ploit
sta)l op; 6 kan9sta)l sta)lt
e5port
sddr F
(
2 kan9sddr sddrt
e5press
$bbr %1
(
0 kan9$bbr $bbrt
e5terminate
txllsmn /
(
3m >& kan9txlls txllst
face
t$abl m $a oE{m t
& kan9t$abl t$ablt

&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
facilitate
shhl o=
(
6 kan9shhl shhlt
fail
s$t {6 kan9s$t s$tt
faint
sxf A36 kan9sxf sxft
fall
ta #v kan9ti tt
fall, to ma%e
tiy q
(
v kan9tiy tiyt
fa%e
&uwr
(
kan9&uwr &uwrt
fart
&$ kh kan9&$ &$t
falsify
&uwr
(
kan9&uwr &uwrt
fast
sam 2 kan9sum smt
fear
xaf n kan9xaf xft
feed
wkkl oB
(
kan9wkkl wkklt
feed fodder
$llf A/
(
0 kan9$llf $llft
feel
ss f
(
h kan9ss ssit
ferment
xmr %5n kan9xmr xmrt
fight (physically)
tdab& kEFm kan9tdab& tdab&t
fill (intransiti(e) $mr %50 kan9$mr $mrt
fill out
$mmr %5
(
0 kan9$mmr $mmrt
fill up $mmr %5
(
0 kan9$mmr $mmrt
filter
sffa l(2 kan9sffi sffit
finance
muwl
(
& kan9muwl muwlt
find
l$a {, kan9l$a l$it
finish
kmml o5
(
B kan9kmml kmmlt
sala ,6 kan9sali salit
finished, to be
tsala ,+m kan9tsala tsalit
fish
siyd F
(
2 kan9siyd siydt
fi5
sawb 2 kan9sawb sawbt
sl q/2 kan9sl slt
flatten (bread)
"rrs %
(
kan9"rrs "rrst
flatter (a female)
t)&&l b k
(
pm kan9t)&&l t)&&lt
flee
hrb %g kan9hrb hrbt
flip
$lb ~/s kan9$lb $lbt
fly
tar v kan9tir trt
fold
twa v kan9twi twit
follow tb $ t1m kan9tb $ tb $t
forbid
rrm %
(
h kan9rrm rrmt
force open fr $ $%? kan9fr $ fr $t
forge (signature)
&uwr
(
kan9&uwr &uwrt
82B Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
forget
nsa +L kan9nsa nsit
forgi(e
sm l q56 kan9sm smt
foretell
tnbba 1
(
7m kan9tnbba* tnbba*t
free
rrer %
(
h kan9rrer rrert
tl$ /v kan9tl$ tl$t
free"e
%md F5J kan9%md %mdt
free"e sth
%mmd F5
(
J kan9%mmd %mmdt
fry
$la /s kan9$li $lit
fulfill sth
$$e$ {(h kan9$$e$ $$e$t
full (of food), to be b $ t18 kan9b $ b $t
fun, to ma%e
dk :G kan9dk dkt
nt @L kan9nt ntt
fun of, to ma%e
dk $la :G
(
/0 kan9dk dkt
tflla $la /
(
lm /0 kan9tflla tfllit
gain
ksb ~+B kan9ksb ksbt
rb qE kan9rb rbt
gamble
$mmr %5
(
s kan9$mmr $mmrt
gather %m $ t5J kan9%m $ %m $t
gather (with people)
%tam $ t5; J kan9%tam $ %tam $t
ga"e
n&e& k7h kan9n&e& n&e&t
generali"e
$mmem -5
(
0 kan9$mmem $mmemt
generate
wlld F,
(
kan9wlld wlldt
get
xda Fn kan9axud xdit
dd F
(
8 kan9dd ddit
get down
hbt 1g kan9hbt hbtt
get off
n&l kL kan9n&l n&lt
get on
rkb ~B kan9rkb rkbt
get rid of
thnna mn 7 (=m >& kan9thnna thnnit
txllsmn /
(
3m >& kan9txlls txllst
get sic%
mrd %& kan9mrd mrdt
get through
da& mn >& kan9du& d&t
get up
nad L kan9nud ndt
get used to
wllf A,
(
kan9wllf wllft
gi(e
$ta r0 kan9$ti $tit
gi(e a ride
dda
(
kan9ddi ddit
wssl o2
(
kan9wssl wsslt
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
gi(e a speech
xtb ~rn kan9xtb xtbt
gi(e bac%
r%% $ tJ
(
kan9r%% $ r%% $t
rdd
(
kan9rdd rddit
gi(e off
tll$ /
(
v kan9tll$ tll$t
gi(e pain
drr %
(
kan9drr drrit
glare at
xn&r f k7n kan9xn&r xn&rt
gleam lm $ t5, kan9lm $ lm $t
dwa kan9dwi dwit
glue
lss$
(
, kan9lss$ lss$t
go
ma @& kan9mi mit
go ahead of/in front of
sb$ 16 kan9sb$ sb$t
go by
da& $la /0 kan9du& d&t
go out
xr% %n kan9xr% xr%t
go through
da& mn >& kan9du& d&t
go up tl $ t/v kan9tl $ tl $t
gossip about
hdr f %}g kan9hdr hdrt
go(ern km $la -.h /0 kan9km kmt
grab
$bt 1s kan9$bt $btt
dd F
(
8 kan9dd ddit
gra"e
r $a 0 kay9r $a r $a
greet sllm $la -/
(
6 /0 kan9sllm sllmt
greet one another
tsalm -,+m kan9tsalm tsalmt
grill
wa 8 kan9wi wit
grind
tn >Gv kan9tn tnt
grow (get older/bigger)
kbr %1B kan9kbr kbrt
guarantee
dmn >5 kan9dmn dmnt
guard $ss f
(
0 kan9$ss $ssit
hand
mdd F
(
& kan9mdd mddit
hang $ll$ /
(
0 kan9$ll$ $ll$t
hang to dry
nr %@L kan9nr nrt
happen w$ $ ts kay9w$ $ w$ $
%ra %J kay9%ra %ra
tra %v kay9tra tra
happy, to be
fr #%? kan9fr frt
happy, to ma%e
frr #%
(
? kan9frr frrt
har(est
sd Fh kan9sd sdt
hatch
tf$$s {(lm kay9tf$$s tf$$s
hate
krh %B kan9krh krht
829 Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
ha(e $nd F70 $ndi kan $ndi
hear
sm $ t56 kan9sm $ sm $t
heat
sxxn >3( 6 kan9sxxn sxxnt
help
$awn 0 kan9$awn $awnt
herd
sr #%6 kan9sr srt
hesitate
trdded
(
%m kan9trdded trddedt
hide sth
xbba 1
(
n kan9xbba xbbit
hide (oneself)
txbba 1
(
3m kan9txbba txbbit
hire (a car)
kra %B kan9kri krit
hit
drb % kan9drb drbt
hit, to be
tdrb %}m kan9tdrb tdrbt
hold
dd F
(
8 kan9dd ddit
honor
rrf %
(
8 kan9rrf rrft
hope
tmnna 7 (5m kan9tmnna tmnnit
house
skkn >.
(
6 kan9skkn skknt
hug $nn$ 7 (0 kan9$nn$ $nn$t
hug one another
t $an$ LIm kan9t $an$ t $an$t
hungry, to be %a $ $J kan9%u $ % $t
hunt
siyd F
(
2 kan9siyd siydt
hurry
&rb kan9&rb &rbt
hurt
drr %
(
kan9drr drrit
ignore (slang) miyk $la :
(
& /0 kan9miyk miykt
ill, to be
mrd %& kan9mrd mrdt
ill, to ma%e
mrrd %
(
& kan9mrrd mrrdt
imagine
tsuwr
(
m kan9tsuwr tsuwrt
txayl oC3m kan9txayl txaylt
imitate
$lld F/
(
s kan9$lld $lldt
import
stawrd ; 6 kan9stawrd stawrdt
impose
frd %? kan9frd frdt
imprison
s%n >6 kan9s%n s%nt
dd f l bs F
(
8 f1G, kan9dd ddit
impro(e
ssn >+
(
h kan9ssn ssnt
tssn >+
(
Gm kan9tssn tssnt
impro(ise
rta%l om kan9rta%l rta%lt
increase
&ad kan9&id &dt
indicate
biyn >
(
E kan9biyn biynt
infect
$ada 0 kan9$adi $adit
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
inform
$lm -/0 kan9$lm $lmt
xbr %1n kan9xbr xbrt
inherit
wrt kan9wrt wrtt
inEure
%r #%J kan9%r %rt
inspect (education)
ftt y; (? kan9ftt fttt
install
blasa 2*E kan9blasi blasit
rkkb ~B
(
kan9rkkb rkkbt
insult $ayr %C0 kan9$ayr $ayrt
sbb ~
(
6 kan9sbb sbbit
integrate
dm% & kan9dm% dm%t
interest
httm -; (g kay9httm httm
interfere
tdxxl on( Fm kan9tdxxl tdxxlt
interrupt
$at$ tvs kan9$at $ $at$t
introduce
$ddm F
(
s kan9$ddm $ddmt
in(ent
xtar $ $%; n kan9xtar $ xtar $t
in(ite $rd$la %0 /0 kan9$rd $rdt
iron
dded F
(
h kan9dded ddedt
irrigate
s"a j6 kan9s"i s"it
s$a {6 kan9s$i s$it
irritate
$ll$ /
(
s kan9$ll$ $ll$t
irritated, to be
t$ll$ /
(
{m kan9t$ll$ t$ll$t
isolate
hmm y5
(
g kan9hmm hmmt
$&l k0 kan9$&l $&lt
Eealous, to be )ar $la | /0 kan9)ir )rt
Eo%e
dk :G kan9dk dkt
tflla /
(
lm kan9tflla tfllit
Eudge
km $la -.h /0 kan9km kmt
asb ~6h kan9asb asbt
Eump
n$$& k{(L kan9n$$& n$$&t
Eustify
brrer %
(
E kan9brrer brrert
%eep
tafdb zl; h kan9tafd tafdt
afd$la z?h /0 kan9afd afdt
%eep house
$abl d9dar oEs F, kan9$abl $ablt
"abl d9dar oE F, kan9"abl "ablt
%ic% (a ball)
at 8 kan9ut tt
$df Fs kan9$df $dft
%idnap
xtf Arn kan9xtf xtft
82# Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
%iss
bas E kan9bus bst
%nead
$%n >0 kan9$%n $%nt
%now
$rf %0 kan9$rf $rft
last (time)
b$a {E kan9b$a b$it
dam kan9dum dmt
late, to be t $ttl or
(
Im kan9t $ttl t $ttlt
late, to ma%e
$ttl or
(
0 kan9$ttl $ttlt
laugh
dk :G kan9dk dkt
laugh, to ma%e
dk :G
(
kan9dk dkt
lay down
tt
(
h kan9tt ttit
lay eggs
biyd z
(
E kan9biyd biydt
lead t& $ $ m -0 ( km kan9t& $ $ m t& $ $ mt
lea%
sal 6 kan9sil slt
$tr %rs kan9$tr $trt
lean
tkka $la .
(
m /0 kan9tkka tkkit
learn t $llm -/
(
Im kan9t $llm t $llmt
lea(e
xr% %n kan9xr% xr%t
lea(e (a house/city for
another)
rl oh kan9rl rlt
lea(e alone
xlla /
(
n kan9xlli xllit
lea(e behind
xlla /
(
n kan9xlli xllit
lend
sllf A/
(
6 kan9sllf sllft
lengthen
tuwl
(
v kan9tuwl tuwlt
lessen
$llel o/
(
s kan9$llel $llelt
let
xlla /
(
n kan9xlli xllit
let go of
tl$ mn /v >& kan9tl$ tl$t
liberate
rrer %
(
h kan9rrer rrert
lie
kdb FB kan9kdb kdbt
lift
h&& k
(
g kan9h&& h&&it
light $l oI8 kan9 $l $lt
li%e
b)a pE kan9b)i knt ba)i
$%b ~0 kay $%bni $%bni
lighten (weight)
xffef Al(n kan9xffef xffeft
limit
dded F
(
h kan9dded ddedt
bs f1h kan9bs bst
limp
$r% %0 kan9$r% $r%t
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
line, to draw a
sttr %r
(
6 kan9sttr sttrt
li(e (reside)
skn >.6 kan9skn sknt
loan
sllf A/
(
6 kan9sllf sllft
loc%
sdd F
(
6 kan9sdd sddit
surt 6 kan9surt surtt
loo%
af 8 kan9uf ft
loo% after
thlla f *
(
=m kan9thlla thllat
da }h kan9di dit
loo% ali%e
tabh HE@m kan9tabh tabht
loo% behind
tlfft Kl(/m kan9tlfft tlfftt
loo% down (on sb)
"r %jh kan9"r "rt
loo% for
$llb $la ~/
(
s /0 kan9$llb $llbt
loo% li%e
bh H18 kan9bh bht
ban bal E GE kan9ban bnt
loo% out (window)
tll o( v kan9tll tllit
loosen
tl$ /v kan9tl$ tl$t
rxa n kan9rxi rxit
rxf An kan9rxf rxft
lose
wddr %
(
kan9wddr wddrt
tllf A/
(
m kan9tllf tllft
lost, to be
twddr %
(
m kan9twddr twddrt
lo(e
b)a pE kan9b)i knt ba)i
mat $la & /0 kan9mut mtt
lower
n&&l k
(
L kan9n&&l n&&lt
hbbt 1
(
g kan9hbbt hbbtt
n$s {L kan9n$s n$st
magnify
kbbr %1
(
B kan9kbbr kbbrt
maintain
afd$la z?h /0 kan9afd afdt
ma%e
dar kan9dir drt
sn $ t72 kan9sn $ sn $t
ma%e difficult for sb
tkrfs $la f?%.m /0 kan9tkrfs tkrfst
maltreat (destroy)
krfs f?%B kan9krfs krfst
manipulate
tkkm -.
(
Gm kan9tkkm tkkmt
manufacture sn $ t72 kan9sn $ sn $t
mar%
n$$t {(L kan9n$$t n$$tt
rm -8 kan9rm rmt
82/ Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
marry (with)
t&uw% 'b(

(
km 6 )
kan9t&uw% t&uw%t
marry off (daughter, etc)
&uw%
(
kan9&uw% &uw%t
massage (hammam)
kssl o+
(
B kan9kssl ksslt
mean
$na 70 kan9$ni $nit
measure $br %10 kan9$br $brt
mediate
twsst 6
(
m kan9twsst twsstt
meet
tla$a s*m kan9tla$a tla$it
meeting, to ha(e
%tam $ t5; J kan9%tam $ %tam $t
melt
dab kan9dub dbt
memori"e
fd zlh kan9fd fdt
menace
hdded F
(
g kan9hdded hddedt
mess up
krfs f?%B kan9krfs krfst
migrate
h%r %g kan9h%r h%rt
mil%
lb ~/h kan9lb lbt
mista%e, to ma%e a
)lt /| kan9)lt )ltt
miss (a bus) Ard person
ma $la @& /0 kay9mi $liya ma $liya
mi5
xllt /
(
n kan9xllt xlltt
monitor (e5am)
da }h kan9di dit
rs %h kan9rs rst
monopoli"e
takr %.; h kan9takr takrt
moti(ate
ff& kl(h kan9ff& ff&t
mo(e sth
rrk %
(
h kan9rrk rrkt
k& kG
(
B kan9k& k&t
mo(e
trrk %
(
Gm kan9trrk trrkt
tk& kG
(
.m kan9tk& tk&t
mo(e away from
b $d mn FIE >& kan9b $d b $dt
mo(e residence
tuwl
(
Gm kan9tuwl tuwlt
rl oh kan9rl rlt
murder
$tl o;s kan9$tl $tlt
name
smma 5
(
6 kan9smmi smmit
need
ta% ;h kan9ta% ta%t
neglect
sm f q56 kan9sm smt
frrt %
(
? kan9frrt frrtt
noise, to ma%e
sd $ $F2 kan9sd $ sd $t
nominate
r q8( kan9r rt
notice
lad zhD kan9lad ladt
obey ta $ $v kan9ti $ t$t
obEect
$ard 0 kan9$ard $ardt
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
oblige
frd$la %? /0 kan9frd frdt
b&&e& $la k
(
E /0 kan9b&&e& b&&e&t
obser(e
lad zhD kan9lad ladt
occupy
tll o( ;h kan9tll tllt
occur
w$ $ ts kay w$ $ w$ $
%ra %J kay %ra %ra
offer
hda Fg kan9hdi hdit
oil
&iyt KC
(
kan9&iyt &iytt
old, to get
rf %8 kan9rf rft
open
ll o( h kan9ll llit
ft q;? kan9ft ftt
operate (surgical)
ft q;? kan9ft ftt
oppress
$ddb F
(
0 kan9$ddb $ddbt
order sth
tlb ~/v kan9tlb tlbt
order sb
amr %& kan9amr amrt
organi"e
nddm -}
(
L kan9nddm nddmt
o(ercome
t)llb $la ~/
(
pm /0 kan9t)llb t)llbt
owe
tsal +m kan9tsal tsalt
owed, to be
sal 6 kan9sal slt
own
mlk :/& kan9mlk mlkt
pacify
hddn F
(
g kan9hddn hddnt
pac% %m $ t5J kan9%m $ %m $t
paint
sb) 12 kan9sb) sb)t
par% (a car)
blasa 2*E kan9blasa blasit
participate
ark 8 kan9ark arkt
party
tafl ol; h kan9tafl taflt
pass
da& kan9du& d&t
fat ? kan9fut ftt
pass (e5am)
n% f qL kan9n% n%t
pass by da& $la /0 kan9du& d&t
paste
lss$
(
, kan9lss$ lss$t
patient, to be
sbr %12 kan9sbr sbrt
pay
xlls /
(
n kan9xlls xllst
paid, to be
txlls /
(
3m kan9txlls txllst
pay bac%
rdd l
(
kan9rdd rddit
peel
$r %@( s kan9$r $rt
peel (s%in)
t$r %@( {m kan9t$r t$rt
823 Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
permit
xlla /
(
n kan9xlli xllit
sm l q56 kan9sm smt
persuade
$n $ t7s kan9$n $ $n $t
photograph
suwr
(
2 kan9suwr suwrt
photographed, to be
tsuwr
(
m kan9tsuwr tsuwrt
pic% (light fruit)
%na 7J kan9%ni %nit
pierce
t$b ~{m kan9t$b t$bt
pile up $rrm %
(
0 kan9$rrm $rrmt
plan
xttet r
(
n kan9xttet xttett
plant &r $ $ kan9&r $ &r $t
play
l $b ~I, kan9l $b l $bt
please $%b ~0 kan9$%b $%bt
plow
rt %h kan9rt rtt
pluc%
riy yC
(
kan9riy riyt
poison
smmem -5
(
6 kan9smmem smmemt
poisoned, to be
tsmmem -5
(
+m kan9tsmmem tsmmemt
pollute
luwt
(
, kan9luwt luwtt
possess
mlk :/& kan9mlk mlkt
postpone
a%%l oJ
(
kan9a%%l a%%lt
pour
kbb ~
(
B kan9kbb kbbit
xwa n kan9xwi xwit
practice
tbb$ 1
(
v kan9tbb$ tbb$t
praise
md #F& kan9md mdt
pray
slla /
(
2 kan9slli sllit
precede
sb$ 16 kan9sb$ sb$t
prefer
fddl o}
(
? kan9fddl fddlt
prepare
w%%d FJ
(
kan9w%%d w%%dt
pressure
d)t p kan9d)t d)tt
pretend
dar bal GE kan9dir drt
biyn blli >
(
E </
(
E kan9biyn biynt
pre(ent mn $ t7& kan9mn $ mn $t
print
tb $ t1v kan9tb $ tb $t
produce
nt% ;L kan9nt% nt%t
profit
rb qE kan9rb rbt
stafd Fl; 6 kan9stafd stafdt
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
progress
t$ddm F
(
{m kan9t$ddm t$ddmt
prohibit
mn $ t7& kan9mn $ mn $t
promise wa $d F0 kan9wa $d wa $dt
pronounce
nt$ rL kan9nt$ nt$t
propose
$tar #%; s kan9$tar $tart
proud, to be
ftaxr %3; ? kan9ftaxr ftaxrt
prune
&br %E kan9&br &brt
publish
nr %@L kan9nr nrt
pull
%rr %
(
J kan9%rr %rrit
%bd F1J kan9%bd %bdt
punish $a$b ~s0 kan9$a$b $a$bt
push
df $ t? kan9df $ df $t
push (a button) wrrk $la
(
/0 kan9wrrk wrrkt
brk $la %E /0 kan9brk brkt
put
tt
(
h kan9tt ttit
put down
tt
(
h kan9tt ttit
put out (light)
tfa lv kan9tfi tfit
put together (parts)
rkkb ~B
(
kan9rkkb rkkbt
-uarrel
txasm -23m kan9txasm txasmt
-uiet, to be
skt K.6 kan9skt sktt
-uiet, to ma%e
skkt K.
(
6 kan9skkt skktt
-uit
ma balu @& ,GE kan9mi bali mit bali
rain
ta 'l9ta(
#v 6 ;@, )
kat9ti tat
raise
h&& k
(
g kan9h&& h&&it
raise (children)
rbba E
(
kan9rbbi rbbit
raised, to be
trbba E
(
%m kan9trbba trbbit
rape
)tasb ~; | kan9)tasb )tasbt
read
$ra %s kan9$ra $rit
recei(e (a letter)
dd F
(
8 kan9dd ddit
recogni"e
t $rrf %
(
Im kan9t $rrf t $rrft
record
s%%l o
(
6 kan9s%%l s%%lt
reduce
n$s f{L kan9n$s n$st
reform
sl q/2 kan9sl slt
refuse
rfd z? kan9rfd rfdt
refute
nfa lL kan9nfi nfit
regret
ndm FL kan9ndm ndmt
reimburse
$uwd
(
0 kan9$uwd $uwdt
83B Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
reEoice
fr #%? kan9fr frt
rela5
rta #m kan9rta rtat
release
tl$ /v kan9tl$ tl$t
rely on
$uwl $la
(
0 /0 kan9$uwl $uwlt
remain
b$a {E kan9b$a b$it
remember
$$l $la o{0 /0 kan9$$l $$lt
tfkkr %.
(
lm kan9tfkkr tfkkrt
remind
fkkr %.
(
? kan9fkkr fkkrt
remo(e
iyd F
(
h kan9iyd iydt
&uwl
(
kan9&uwl &uwlt
renew
%dded F
(
J kan9%dded %ddedt
rent
kra %B kan9kri krit
repair
sl q/2 kan9sl slt
repeat $awd 0 kan9$awd $awdt
repent
tab m kan9tub tbt
reply
rdd
(
kan9rdd rddit
re-uest
tlb mn ~/v >& kan9tlb tlbt
re-uire
ttlb ~/rm kan9ttlb ttlbt
resemble
bh H18 kan9bh bht
resign
sta$l o{; 6 kan9sta$l sta$lt
resist
$awm s kan9$awm $awmt
respect
tarm %; h kan9tarm tarmt
respond
%awb J kan9%awb %awbt
rest
rta #m kan9rta rtat
retire
t$a $d F0{m kan9t$a $d t$a $dt
return (to a place) r% $ tJ kan9r% $ r% $t
return sth
rdd
(
kan9rdd rddit
r%% $ tJ
(
kan9r%% $ r%% $t
re(iew
ra% $ tJ kan9ra% $ ra% $t
ride
rkb ~B kan9rkb rkbt
ride, to gi(e a
dda
(
kan9ddi ddit
rkkb ~B
(
kan9rkkb rkkbt
wssl o2
(
kan9wssl wsslt
rinse
llel o/
(
8 kan9llel llelt
rise (li%e the sun)
rise (to wa%e up)
fa$ ? kan9fi$ f$t
rot
fsd F+? kan9fsd fsdt
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
round, to go
duwr
(
kan9duwr duwrt
rub
kk :
(
h kan9kk kkit
run
%ra %J kan9%ri %rit
run away
hrb %g kan9hrb hrbt
run out of
t$ada {m kan9t$ada t$adit
rush
&rb kan9&rb &rbt
sacrifice
da G
(
kan9di dit
satisfy
$n $ t7s kan9$n $ $n $t
sa(e
xbba 1
(
n kan9xbbi xbbit
x&n kn kan9x&n x&nt
xbb $ t1
(
n kan9xbb $ xbb $t
sa(e (money)
%m $ l flus t5J /l, kan9%m $ %m $t
wffr %? ( kan9wffr wffrt
say
"al kan9"ul "lt
scratch
kk :
(
h kan9kk kkit
scream
)uwt
(
| kan9)uwt )uwtt
screw
&iyr %C
(
kan9&iyr &iyrt
see
af 8 kan9uf ft
see one another
tawf @m kan9tawf tawft
sell
ba $ $E kan9bi $ b $t
send
sift l2 kan9sift siftt
separate
frr$ %
(
? kan9frr$ frr$t
ser(e
srba E%6 kan9srbi srbit
set a bone
%bbr %1
(
J kan9%bbr %bbrt
set (the sun)
)rb %| kan9)rb )rbt
set up
rkkb ~B
(
kan9rkkb rkkbt
settle
sta$r %{; 6 kan9sta$r sta$rt
sew
xiyt
(
n kan9xiyt xiytt
sha%e (palsy) tr $ $ d F0 ( %m kan9tr $ $ d tr $ $ dt
r%f AJ kan9r%f r%ft
sha%e hands with
sllm $la -/
(
6 /0 kan9sllm sllmt
sha%e out
rrk %
(
h kan9rrk rrkt
share
sharpen
n%r %L kan9n%r n%rt
mdda }
(
& kan9mddi mddit
sha(e
ssn >+
(
h kan9ssn ssnt
shepherd
sr #%6 kan9sr srt
839 Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
shine lm $ t5, kan9lm $ lm $t
shi(er
tr $ $ d F0 ( %m kan9tr $ $ d tr $ $ dt
r%f AJ kan9r%f r%ft
shop (wee%ly mar%et)
tsuw$
(
+m kan9tsuw$ tsuw$t
shop (food)
t$dda F
(
{m kan9t$dda t$ddit
shorten
$ssr %
(
s kan9$ssr $ssrt
shout
)uwt
(
| kan9)uwt )uwtt
sho(el
h&& b l bala k
(
g 4,1, kan9h&& h&&it
show
wrra
(
kan9wrri wrrit
shower
duw
(
kan9duw duwt
shut
sdd F
(
6 kan9sdd sddit
shut eyes
)mmd z5
(
| kan9)mmd )mmdt
shut up
sift
)rbl oE%| kan9)rbl )rblt
sightsee
tsara +m kan9tsara tsarit
sign
sna 76 kan9sni snit
w$$ $ ts ( kan9w$$ $ w$$ $t
silence sb
skkt K.
(
6 kan9skkt skktt
silent, to be
simplify
shhl o=
(
6 kan9shhl shhlt
sing
)nna 7 (| kan9)nni )nnit
sin%
)ts fr| kan9)ts )tst
)r$ %| kan9)r$ )r$t
sit
"ls f/ kan9"ls "lst
s%in
slx /6 kan9slx slxt
s%ip
n$$& k{(L kan9n$$& n$$&t
slap (in the face)
srf$ ?%2 kan9srf$ srf$t
trr %
(
v kan9trr trrt
slaughter
db qE kan9db dbt
sleep
n $s fIL kan9n $s n $st
sleep, to ma%e n $ $ s fI
(
L kan9n $ $ s n $ $ st
slide
&l$ , kan9&l$ &l$t
slip
&l$ , kan9&l$ &l$t
smear
lttx r
(
, kan9lttx lttxt
smell
mm -
(
8 kan9mm mmit
smile
btasm -+; E kan9btasm btasmt
smo%e
kma 5B kan9kmi kmit
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
smuggle
hrrb %
(
g kan9hrrb hrrbt
snee"e
$ts fr0 kan9$ts $tst
solder
lm -G
(
, kan9lm lmt
sol(e
ll o( h kan9ll llit
spea%
tkllm -/
(
.m kan9tkllm tkllmt
hdr %}g kan9hdr hdrt
dwa kan9dwi dwit
speciali"e
txsses
(
3m kan9txsses txssest
spend money
srf %2 kan9srf srft
spend the night
bat E kan9bat btt
spend time
duw&
(
kan9duw& duw&t
spin
)&l k| kan9)&l )&lt
spit
dfl o? kan9dfl dflt
splash
r
(
kan9r rit
spoil (a child)
fe y@( ? kan9fe fet
sprain
df $ t? kan9df $ df $t
spray
r
(
kan9r rit
s-uee"e
$sr %0 kan9$sr $srt
&iyr %C
(
kan9&iyr &iyrt
stamp
tb $ t1v kan9tb $ tb $t
stand
w$f As kan9w$f w$ft
stare angrily
xn&r f k7n kan9xn&r xn&rt
start
bda FE kan9bda bdit
startle
xl $ t/n kan9xl $ xl $t
startled, to be txl $ t/3m kan9txl $ txl $t
stay
b$a {E kan9b$a b$it
"ls f/ kan9"ls "lst
stay up late
shr %=6 kan9shr shrt
steal
sr$ %6 kan9sr$ sr$t
ffr %l(8 kan9ffr ffrt
step on
$ft l0 kan9$ft $ftt
$fs fl0 kan9$fs $fst
sting
$rs %s kan9$rs $rst
stin%
xn& k7n kan9xn& xn&t
stir
rrk %
(
h kan9rrk rrkt
stop
w$f As kan9w$f w$ft
bs f1h kan9bs bst
83# Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
stop spea%ing with txasm m $a -23m t
& kan9txasm txasmt

store
x&n kn kan9x&n x&nt
strangle
$%%
(
s kan9$%% $%%it
xn$ 7n kan9xn$ xn$t
stri%e (from wor%)
dar l idrab % kan9dir drt
stroll
tma @( 5m kan9tma tmit
stretch
%bbd F1
(
J kan9%bbd %bbdt
kssl o+
(
B kan9kssl ksslt
study
$ra %s kan9$ra $rit
drs kan9drs drst
succeed at
n% f qL kan9n% n%t
suc%
mss
(
& kan9mss mssit
sue d $a 0 kan9d $i d $it
suffer
t $ddb F
(
Im kan9t $ddb t $ddbt
suggest
$tar #%; s kan9$tar $tart
sunbathe
tmm y5
(
@m kan9tmm tmmt
surprise
fa%*a J? kan9fa%*a fa%*at
surrender
staslm -/+; 6 kan9staslm staslmt
sur(i(e
n%a L kan9n%a n%it
$a 0 kan9$i t $
swallow
srt %2 kan9srt srtt
swarm (bees)
rt $ tm kan9rt $ rt $t
swear
lf b llah A/h H/,E kan9lf lft
$ahd Fg0 kan9$ahd $ahdt
swear (oath)
sweat
$r" %0 kan9$r" $r"t
$r$ %0 kan9$r$ $r$t
sweep
ttb ~r
(
8 kan9ttb ttbt
swell
tnffx l(7m kan9tnffx tnffxt
swim
$am 0 kan9$um t $m
switch (off)
tfa lv kan9tfi tfit
switch (on)
$l oI8 kan9 $l $lt
sympathi"e with t $atf m $a AvIm t
& kan9t $atf t $atft

ta%e
xda Fn kan9axud xdit
ta%e away/off
iyd F
(
h kan9iyd iydt
&uwl
(
kan9&uwl &uwlt
ta%e care of
thlla f *
(
=m kan9thlla thllat
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
ta%e charge of
tkllf b A/
(
.m kan9tkllf tkllft
tal%
tkllm -/
(
.m kan9tkllm tkllmt
hdr %}g kan9hdr hdrt
tal% nonsense
xrb$ E%n kan9xrb$ xrb$t
tame
ruwd
(
kan9ruwd ruwdt
tape (record)
s%%l o
(
6 kan9s%%l s%%lt
tape (scotch)
lss$
(
, kan9lss$ lss$t
taste
da$ kan9du$ d$t
teach
$rra %
(
s kan9$rri $rrit
$llm -/
(
0 kan9$llm $llmt
tear something $tt$ tr
(
s kan9$tt $ $tt$t
tear (to be torn)
t$tt$ tr
(
{m kan9t$tt $ t$tt$t
tease
$b ~@( s kan9$b $bt
tflla /
(
lm kan9tflla tfllit
telephone $iytf
(
0 kan9$iyt $iytt
drb t
tilifun
% l/; , kan9drb drbt
tell
"al kan9"ul "lt
$awd 0 kan9$awd $awdt
thaw
dab kan9dub dbt
thin%
fkkr %.
(
? kan9fkkr fkkrt
xmmem -5
(
n kan9xmmem xmmemt
thin% that
dnn blli >
(
</
(
E kan9dnn dnnit
threaten
hdded F
(
g kan9hdded hddedt
thresh
drs kan9drs drst
throw
la #D kan9lu lt
rma & kan9rmi rmit
tic%le
hrr %
(
g kan9hrr hrrit
tie
rbt E kan9rbt rbtt
tie (belt)
&m kh kan9&m &mt
tighten
&iyr %C
(
kan9&iyr &iyrt
tired, to be
$ya 0 kan9$ya $yit
tired, to ma%e $iya
(
0 kan9$iya $iyit
torture
$ddb F
(
0 kan9$ddb $ddbt
touch
$as s kan9$is $st
mss f
(
& kan9mss mssit
trade
ta%r %Jm kan9ta%r ta%rt
train
drrb
(
kan9drrb drrbt
83/ Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
translate
tr%m -J%m kan9tr%m tr%mt
tra(el
safr %?6 kan9safr safrt
treat (people) t $aml m $a o&Im t
& kan9t $aml t $amlt

tric%
mt K58 kan9mt mtt
trip $tr %;0 kan9$tr $trt
trust
ta$ f m kan9ti$ t$t
try (to attempt to do sth)
awl h kan9awl awlt
try (to e5perience sth)
%rrb %
(
J kan9%rrb %rrbt
try on
$iys f
(
s kan9$iys $iyst
turn
dar kan9dur drt
turn around
duwr
(
kan9duwr duwrt
turn down ((olume)
n$smn {L >& kan9n$s n$st
turn off
tfa lv kan9tfi tfit
turn on
$l oI8 kan9 $l $lt
turn o(er sth
$lb ~/s kan9$lb $lbt
"lb ~/ kan9"lb "lbt
twist
lwa , kan9lwi lwit
understand
fhm -=? kan9fhm fhmt
understand, to ma%e
fhhm -=
(
? kan9fhhm fhhmt
unite
wd Fh
(
kan9wd wdt
upset
$ll$ /
(
s kan9$ll$ $ll$t
upset, to be
t$ll$ /
(
{m kan9t$ll$ t$ll$t
use sta $ml o5I; 6 kan9sta $ml sta $mlt
use (land)
sta)l op; 6 kan9sta)l sta)lt
use to, to be of
sl l q/2 kan9sl slt
used to, to become
wllf A,
(
kan9wllf wllft
useful, to be nf $ tlL kan9nf $ nf $t
(accinate
l$$ q{(, kan9l$$ l$$t
(isit
&ar kan9&ur &rt
(omit
t$iya
(
{m kan9t$iya t$iyit
rdd
(
kan9rdd rddit
wait
tsnna 7 (+m kan9tsnna tsnnit
$ayn >C0 kan9$ayn $aynt
wa%e someone
fiy$
(
? kan9fiy$ fiy$t
wa%e up
fa$ ? kan9fi$ f$t
wal%
wal% around
tsara +m kan9tsara tsarit
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
want
b)a pE kan9b)i b)it
warm / heat
sxxn >3( 6 kan9sxxn sxxnt
warm, to be
sxn >36 kan9sxn sxnt
warn
ddr F
(
h kan9ddr ddrt
water
s$a {6 kan9s$i s$it
s"a j6 kan9s"i s"it
wash
)sl o+| kan9)sl )slt
wash (clothes)
sbbn >1
(
2 kan9sbbn sbbnt
wash (floor)
siy$
(
6 kan9siy$ siy$t
waste diy $ t
(
kan9diy $ diy $t
watch (0])
tfrr% %
(
lm kan9tfrr% tfrr%t
wa(e
iyr l %
(
8 kan9iyr iyrt
wear
lbs f1, kan9lbs lbst
wea(e
ns% +L kan9ns% ns%t
weep
bka .E kan9bki bkit
weigh $br %10 kan9$br $brt
w&n kan9w&n w&nt
welcome
rb ~h
(
kan9rb rbt
sta$bl o1{; 6 kan9sta$bl sta$blt
weld
suda 6 kan9sudi sudit
well, to be
bra %E kan9bra brit
wet, to ma%e
f&&" k
(
? kan9f&&" f&&"t
wet, to be
f&" k? kan9f&" f&"t
whistle
sffr %l(2 kan9sffr sffrt
widen
wss $ t6
(
kan9wss $ wss $t
win
rb qE kan9rb rbt
wipe dry (floor)
%ffef Al(J kan9%ffef %ffeft
wipe off
ms q+& kan9ms mst
ma G& kan9mi mit
wiped out, to be
sxf A36 kan9sxf sxft
wish
tmnna 7 (5m kan9tmnna tmnnit
wither
ybs f1C kan9ybs ybst
lwa , kan9lwa lwit
witness
hd F=8 kan9hd hdt
wonder at
t $%%b ~
(
Im kan9t $%%b t $%%bt
xmmem f -5
(
n kan9xmmem xmmemt
wor%
xdm Fn kan9xdm xdmt
833 Moroccan Arab$c
&irst "erson
"resent Tense
&irst "erson
"ast Tense
worry
ttn >r@m kan9ttn ttnt
wormy, to get
duwd
(
kan9duwd duwdt
worth, to be
swa 6 kan9swa swit
wound
%r #%J kan9%r %rt
write
ktb ~;B kan9ktb ktbt
Gra##ar Index
Active Particip!es) 151
Ad/ectives
*o#parative) 1
Mascu!ine and "e#inine) 7
Singu!ar and P!ura!) 7
Super!ative) 6
*o#parative Ad/ectives) 1
*o#paring Li2e 7b/ects) 1
*onditiona!) 111
*on/unctions) 15=
&efinite Artic!e) 1=7
&e#onstrative Ad/ectives) 1<
&e#onstrative Pronouns) 1=
&uration) 17
&-a!) 11
"uture Tense) 1(6
$egation) 1(1
Ladi) 1(=
9ave -ou ever...) 5=
I@ve never...) 5=
I#perative) <%
In order to) <
Independent Pronouns) 7
Infinitive) =<
Intransitive :erbs
Ma2ing into Transitive :erbs) 1=
+ith 7n!- 7ne Particip!e) 151
;a-n) 17
Moon Letters) 1=7
$egation) 56
$ouns
Mascu!ine and "e#inine) %
$u#bers
1 thru 1() 66
1(() 6(() 1(( ... %%%) 6<
1((() 6((() 1((( ...) 67
11 thru 1%) 6=
6() 1() =( ... %%) 65
"ractions) 1(
7rdina!) 6%
7b/ect Pronouns) 55
Particip!es) 151
Active) 151
Ladi) 1(=
;a-n) 17
Passive) 151
Passive Particip!es) 151
Passive :erbs) 1=%
Past Progressive) 15(
Past Tense
Irregu!ar :erbs) =
?egu!ar :erbs) =<
Possession
&-a!) 11
Pronouns)
Auestions) 17
Possessive Pronouns)
Prepositions) =6
+ith Pronoun 4ndings) 115
+ith :erbs) 115
Present Tense
Irregu!ar :erbs with "ina! Wa@) <=
Irregu!ar :erbs with Midd!e Wa@) <(
?egu!ar :erbs) 5
Pronouns
Independent) 7
7b/ect) 55
Possessive)
Auestion +ords) 5<
Sun Letters) 1=7
Super!ative Ad/ectives) 6
There is) 17
Ti#e) 1(
3sing 7ne :erb after Another) <
:erbs
Particip!es) 151
to have) =(
to need8have to8shou!d) %5
to p!ease) %6
to re#ain) 151
to want) 1<
to want8!i2e) %<
3sing 7ne after Another) <
:ocabular+ Index
Ad/ectives) 7
Bargaining) 76
Bod- Parts) %7
Bus) 1(
Butagas) 115
Butcher)
Bu-ing Produce) <
*afX) %
*ities) 1(
*it- bus) 1(
*!othing) 71
*o!ors) 75
*o##unication) 61
*ongratu!ations) 61
&a-s of the +ee2) =5
&irections) =1
&oors and +indows) 11%
&rin2s) %
4nviron#ent Sector) 166
"a#i!-) 1
"inding a 9ouse) 165
"ood) 1=) =) 5) ) %
"ruit) 5
"urniture) 167
God Phrases) 157
Greetings) 5
9anoot Ite#s) 1=
9ea!th) %
9ea!th Sector) 161
9e!p) 6(
9ote!) 11(
9ouseho!d Ite#s) 167
9-giene) 6(
Is!a#ic *a!endar) 15%
;itchenware) 167
Marita! Status) 1(
Mea!ti#e) 1%
Meat)
Mone-) 11
Months) =5
$ationa!ities) 1(
$ightti#e) 6(
Peace *orps) 16(
P!aces in Town) =1
Po!ice Station) 117
Po!itica! 9arass#ent) 1=1
Post 7ffice) 111
Prepositions) =6
Auestion +ords) 5<
?estaurant) %(
Seasons) =5
Se5ua! 9arass#ent) 16%
Shopping) 1=
Sic2) 61) %
Site :isit) 1((
S!eeping) 6(
S#a!! Business &eve!op#ent) 16=
Spices)
Ta5i) 1(7) 111
Than2ing) 1%
Theft) 117
Ti#e 45pressions
"uture) 1(5
Past) =<
Present) 5%
Toi!etries) 1=
Train) 1(%
Transportation) 61
Trave!) 1(7
3nits of Measure#ent) <
:egetab!es) =
:erbs) =7) =%) 5() 51) <1) <6) <1) <=) <<) <7
'outh &eve!op#ent) 161

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Table of Contents

,he is tired hiya $iyana. <

your (sing) watch

your (plur) watch

.s this house )ali%a$s9

Ges, it$s hers

. eat (egetables only

& I+m >IE

.t is ten minutes to ele(en

)y younger brother goes to

F70 8< 0 F5G

4E%I, Ck& R -g%E6

& f/ 4/I, <,C 7 6 -/

& 1 >& 4C8 FIE 17 6J K %n 7h

& s*m 7EG2 'r+C%, 7 6 F

g ) 7 6 4L5+, %?6 </,

g 7 6 LI& f/ Kh 7 6 4&F3, ,6 =,C

p5, 7 6 %E Kl2 >CF, , ,C

Smar ga(e it to )ohamed

Hid you write the letter to

:o, . didn$t see them

0 & y;}L %.E

& >& <m%?6 E%,

& <EG2 'r+C%,

I and another !etter Hn) t) or yI.

you write (masc sing)

you write (fem sing)

you write (plur)

on (day of the wee%)

you say (masc sing)

you say (fem sing)

you say (plur)

'erbs l$=e )-al*

you bring (masc sing)

you bring (fem sing)

you bring (plur)

'erbs l$=e );ab*

you spend the night

you spend the night

he spends the night

she spends the night

we spend the night

you spend the night

they spend the night

'erbs l$=e )bat*

you run (masc sing)

you run (fem sing)

you run (plur)

'erbs l$=e );ra*

you read (masc sing)

you read (fem sing)

you read (plur)

'erbs l$=e )Nra*

you eat (masc sing)

you eat (fem sing)

Anoter 'erb l$=e )=la*

F, o1s & fI7m

Peace Corps / Morocco /<

"ls f/ ma9t'gls9 & y+/jm

"lsi <+/ ma9t'glsi9

1 %1+, o/, @( I;;B

o1s & fI7m

o1s & 9fI7m

& R & CG, 6