Basic Hydraulics and

Pneumatics
Module 5: Pressure Regulator Valves &
Hydraulic Motors

PREPARED BY

IAT Curriculum Unit

January 2011

Institute of Applied Technology, 2011

ATM 1122 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

Module 5: Pressure Regulator valves and pressure

relief valves
Module Objectives
After the completion of this module, the student will be able to:
1. Identify the types of pressure regulator.
2. Identify the symbols of pressure regulators.
3. Identify the functions of pressure regulators.
4. Identify the functions of hydraulic motors.
5. Identify the symbols of hydraulic motors.
6. Draw the haydraulic circuit diagram.
7. Simulate the circuit diagram using FluidSim software.
8. Assemble the circuit practically and check its operation.

Module Contents
1

Pressure regulator valves............................................................... 2

1.1 Types of pressure regulator valves ................................................ 2
1.1.1 Two way pressure regulator valve ................................................. 3
1.1.2 Three way pressure regulator valve .............................................. 3

Hydraulic motor ............................................................................. 4

Practical task I ............................................................................... 5

3.1
3.2

Drilling machine .......................................................................... 5

Procedures of solution .................................................................. 5

References ........................................................................................... 8

ATM 1112 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

1

Pressure regulator valves:

Pressure regulator valves are used to reduce the input pressure to a specified
output pressure. These valves are used mainly in hydraulic systems where a
number of different pressures are required. The operation method of pressure
regulator valves could be illustrated through the following hydraulic circuit with
two control circuits and in two different working pressures as shown in Fig.5.1

Fig.5.1
In circuit 1, the hydraulic motor is controlled via a flow control valve and
operated on pressure (P1) in order to drive a roller. This roller is used to
stick together multi-layer printed wiring boards.

In circuit 2, the hydraulic cylinder which draws a roller towards the boards is
operated on a reduced or adjustable pressure (P2). The roller can be lifted
with a cylinder to allow the boards to be inserted (piston rod extended).

Module 5: Pressure regulator valves & hydraulic motors

ATM 1122 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

1.1

Types of pressure regulator valves

1.1.1 Two way pressure regulator:

The

Two

pressure

regulator

valve regulates the pressure at

connection

to

the

operating

pressure

equalizes

the

preset
and

pressure

fluctuations. The valve closes

when the pressure at connection
A

exceeds

the

operating

pressure. The ISO symbol of the

two

way

regulator

valve

shown in fig. 5.2

ISO symbol of the two way pressure

regulator

is Fig.5.2 ISO symbol of two pressure

regulator valve.

1.1.2 Three way pressure regulator:

The three way pressure regulator

shown

in

Fig.5.3.a

can

be

regarded as a combination of a
2-way PR and relief valve. It is
used

to

output

maintain
pressure

constant
despite

(a) 3-way pressure regulator valve

fluctuating input pressure. The

hydraulic fluid is drained off at T
when the pressure at connection
(A)

exceeds

the

operating

pressure.

(b) ISO symbol of 3-way pressure regulator

valve

Fig.5.3: (a) 3- way pressure regulator valve.

(b) ISO symbol of 3-way pressure regulator
in valve

The ISO of Three way pressure

regulator

valve

is

shown

Fig.5.3.b

Module 4: Flow control valves & pressure control valves

ATM 1112 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

Hydraulic Motors

Hydraulic motors (Fig5.4.a) are used

to convert the hydraulic energy into
mechanical energy by generating a
rotary movement in either one or two
directions.

(a)

Hydraulic motor

The ISO symbol of the hydraulic

motor with a single directions of
rotation is shown in Fig.5.4.b
The ISO symbol of the hydraulic

(b) ISO symbol of hydraulic motor

single directions of rotation.

motor with two directions of rotation

is shown in Fig.5.4.c

(c) ISO symbol of hydraulic motor

two directions of rotation
Fig.5.4: (a) Hydraulic motor. (b) ISO
symbol of hydraulic motor two directions
of rotation. (c) ISO symbol of hydraulic
motor single directions of rotation.

Module 5: Pressure regulator valves & hydraulic motors

ATM 1122 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

3

Practical Task I

3.1

Drilling machine

A drilling machine is used for work on various hollow work pieces. The work
pieces are hydraulically clamped in a vice as shown in the machine sketch
(Fig5.5). It must be possible to reduce the clamping pressure to suit the design
of the work piece. It must also be possible to vary the closing speed by means of
a one-way flow control valve.

Fig.5.5 Drilling machine sketch

3.2

Procedure of solution:

1. Draw the hydraulic circuit diagram for the task.

2. Simulate the hydraulic circuit using FluidSim software.
3. Assemble the circuit practically and check its operation.
4. Write down your observations.

Module 4: Flow control valves & pressure control valves

ATM 1112 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

Work sheet
6

Module 5: Pressure regulator valves & hydraulic motors

ATM 1122 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

1- State the function of pressure regulating valve.

..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
...........................................................................
2- Draw the I.S.O. symbol 3-way pressure regulator.
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..................................................................................
2- Draw the I.S.O. symbol 2-way pressure regulator
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................
4- What is the difference between 3-way and 2-way pressure regulator?
..............................................................................................................
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.......................................................................................................
5- Draw the I.S.O. symbol of single direction hydraulic motor.
..............................................................................................................
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.........................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
6- Draw the I.S.O. symbol of two direction hydraulic motor.
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.......................................................................................................

Module 4: Flow control valves & pressure control valves

ATM 1112 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

References
1. Festo Didactic hydraulic basic level textbook TP 501.
2. Oil Hydraulic Systems, S.R. Majumdar, 2003
3. Different websites.

Student notes
8

Module 5: Pressure regulator valves & hydraulic motors

ATM 1122 Basic Hydraulics and Pneumatics

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Module 4: Flow control valves & pressure control valves