Does SEA change outcomes?

Maria Rosrio Partidrio

IST Portugal IST, Portugal
Yes it can if.... Yes it can if....
We provide to decision-
makers what they
expect:
1 Solutions to problems 1. Solutions to problems
2. Responses to questions
3 Reliable outcomes 3. Reliable outcomes
4. Short and clear narratives
5. Spend the least (time & money) ( y)
6. Improve their image
C i i SEA Continuum in SEA
EIA-based
Sustainability
assessment
OECD-DAC, 2006
Impact-based Institutional-based
World Bank, 2008
Effects-based Strategic-based Effects-based Strategic-based
Partidrio, 2007
For the environmental assessment of higher level PPP,
attempts to apply project-level EIA methodologies have
generally proven inadequate Nilsson and Dalkmann 2001 generally proven inadequate. Nilsson and Dalkmann, 2001
Three reasons for multiples SEA
1. Political views on environmental
influence on decision-making
2. Emergence of strategic-decision-
making culture
3 Disciplinary ownership of SEA 3. Disciplinary ownership of SEA
SEA d l f b tt i t l SEA advocacy role for better environmental
and sustainable decision-making
Capacity of SEA to influence
decisional contexts and the
formulation of strategic options
th t t t t i bj ti that meet strategic objectives
SEAcan not be limited to a
M ldi
SEA can not be limited to a
technical assessment, even less
with a narrow environmental
Moulding
process
(Crafting strategies
scope
(Crafting strategies,
Mintzberg, 1988)
Advocacy role
Can SEA be relevant to decision-making?
Marginal approach - SEA not focused on the
strategic dimension
Compliance approach - SEA fulfills legal
requirements requirements
Constructive approach - what is relevant to Constructive approach - what is relevant to
strategic decision-making is central in SEA
Marginal approach
Marginal approach
Rodoanel Programme (SEARP) S Paulo Brazil 173 Rodoanel Programme (SEARP), S. Paulo, Brazil, 173
km, western part is built and operational since 2002
EIA late EIA - late
1990s -
controversial
project
SEA -
2003 to
2004 2004
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of the Fife Supplementary Planning
Compliance approach
Th SEA
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of the Fife Supplementary Planning
Guidance (SGP) for Renewable Energies
(Wind Energy and Renewable Energy Technologies other than Wind)
The SEA process
(1) Screening: SPGs in Scotland formally require SEA (according to
EAA 2005, EAPP 2004)
(2) Scoping (2) Scoping
(3) formally commented on by three statutory consultees
(consultation): Scottish Environmental Protection Agency
(SEPA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) and Historic Scotland (SEPA), Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) and Historic Scotland
(HS).
(4) an environmental (SEA) report was prepared, which was
subject to j
(5) public consultation (8 weeks; 26 March 21 May 2007)
Furthermore, in the future, compliance with the terms and conditions
of the SPG/SEA will need to be
(6) monitored
This will be happening based on the incorporation of the SPGs into
the areas local planning (2007-2010).
J ustifications of scores given for
the evaluation criterion soil
Policy element Impact
Duration
Soil
Justification
SG1: Wind Farms
(also Policy element R1:
WindTurbines)
-/--
LT T
Development of turbines would have
small effect on soils as area required
per turbineandassociatedworksis
licy element of SPG Crit-
eria

Wind Turbines) per turbine andassociatedworksis
limited. Sites probably restored after
use. Long term use but temporary.
SG2: Shoreline
Technologies and Landfall
Installations
-/--

LT T
Development of shoreline
technologies and landfall installations
likely to have limited impact on soil
hi h b dd dth h
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
G1 : Wind Farms
lso policy element
1: Wind Turbines)
-- +/--
LT
+
LT
-/--
LT/T
-/-- + + -- -- -- +/
--
--
G2 : Shoreline
echnologies and
andfall Installations
-- -- -
-
-/--
LT/T
-/-- + + -- -- -- -- --
G3 : Renewable
nergy All
echnologies
-- -- -
-
-/--
LT/T
-- -
-
+ -- -- -- -- --
whichcanbeaddressedthrough
conditional planning permission.
Policy seeks to prevent shoreline
technologies and landfall installations
causing coastal erosion and any
associated loss of soil. Long term use
echnologies
G4 : Renewable
nergy Technologies
-- -- -
-
-/--
LT/T
-- -
-
+ -- -- -- -- --
G5 : Combined
eat and Power Plant
-- -- -
-
-- -- -
-
+ -- -- -- -- --
SG1 : Offshore
ctivities
-- -- -
-
-- -- -
-
+ -- -- -- -- --

but temporary.
SG3: Renewable Energy
All Technologies
-/--

LT T
Development of renewable
technologies would have small effect
on soils as area required for most
technologies and associated works is
limited. Sitesprobablyrestoredafter
1. Biodiversity/Flora/Fauna,
2. Population,
3. Risk to Human Health,
4. Soil,
p y
use. Long term use but temporary.
Policy element SG4:
Renewable Energy
Technologies

-/--

LT T
Development of renewable
technologies would have small effect
on soils as area required for most
technologies and
associatedworksislimited Sites
4. Soil,
5. Water,
6. Air,
7. Climatic Factors,
8. Material Assets,


associatedworksislimited. Sites
probably restored after use. Long
term use but temporary.
Policy element SG5 :
Combined Heat and Power
Plant
--
Policy promotes more efficient use of
energy which would reduce
greenhouse gas emissions with
i t d i t l b fit
8 ate a ssets,
9. Cultural Heritage (including
archaeological and
architectural),
10. Landscape,
associatedenvironmental benefits
from a reduction in waste combustion
materials.
Policy elements PSG1:
Offshore activities
Not applicable Not applicable
p ,
11. Secondary, cumulative and/or
synergistic effects of criteria 1-
10; and,
12. Natura 2000 sites
SEAon the location of SEA on the location of
the new Lisbon airport
(LNEC, 2007)
Two alternative locations -
strategic decision on risks
and opportunities, not on site
effects and mitigation
CTA
g
measures
Constructive approach - Constructive approach
strategic-based model of SEA
Main focus and purpose of
Strategic-based model for SEA
-must add-value to decision-making (be decision-
centred rapid easy to capture strategic) centred, rapid, easy to capture, strategic)
-be a strategic facilitator of sustainability processes (e.g.
manage uncertainty) g y)
-must seek integration (processes, perspectives)
an approach of looking at the strategic development
choices, considering environment and sustainability,
rather than looking at the effects of plan and programme at e t a oo g at t e e ects o pa a d p og a e
Strategic-based model for SEA Strategic based model for SEA
Framework of key elements and activities
Critical Factors for Decision Making (clusters)
ESF SI
Critical Factors for Decision-Making (clusters)
Strategic Issues
Environmental/Sustainability factors
CFD
Strategic Reference Framework
Trend analysis (SWOT, scenarios - not predictions)
Opportunities and Risks
SRF
Opportunities and Risks
Institutional governance
Communication and Facilitation
Followup and guidelines Follow-up and guidelines
Partidrio, 2007
LNEC study -
Critical Factors for Decision Making Critical Factors for Decision-Making
Critical Factors for Decision-Making (CFD)
1. Air Safety and Management
2. Natural Resources and Risk Management
3 Nature Protection and Conservation 3. Nature Protection and Conservation
4. Accessibility
5. Spatial Planning and Regional Development
6 Competitiveness and Social and Economic 6. Competitiveness and Social and Economic
Development
7. Financial Feasibility
CFD assessment criteria indicators
global global
LNEC study - Challenges and
Difficulties
country country
macro macro--region region
gg
Difficulties
Multiple scales fromsite to regional european
PROJ ECT
region region
Multiple scales - from site to regional, european
and international
Strategic studies and site studies - unbalanced
site site
municipality municipality
Strategic studies and site studies - unbalanced
information: insufficiencies and much details
Misundertandings and multiple expectations in Misundertandings and multiple expectations in
relation to expected outcomes
Role of the media - vicious perception p p
Robust study and legitimacy of conclusions
SEA has influenced decision-making!
Scrates says that decision will only be final after strategic
environmental assessment is completed
g
Environmental issues are taken into account in the decision on the
new airport of Lisbon (Frum de urbanismo, 11.01.2008)
(http://wwwforumdourbanismo info/index php?option=com content&task=view&id=1394&Itemid=40)
http://www.jornaldamadeira.pt/not2008.php?Seccao=4&id=86913&sdata=2008-01-11
(http://www.forumdourbanismo.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1394&Itemid=40)
The PM spoke today.the decision for the Campo de Tiro de Alcochete (CTA) is
supported in four of seven critical factors for decision-making" indicated in the suppo ted ou o se e c t ca acto s o dec s o a g dcated t e
LNEC report: safety, efficiency and capacity of air traffic operations; sustainability of
natural resources; economic development compatibility and financial assessment.
He underlined the report was very clear and that its conclusions expose that both
sites were viable and sustainable, sites were viable and sustainable,
but the choice for CTA is the one that the
government favours for safety and operational
reasonsit is also safe from an environmental
ti perspective
(Pblico, 10.01.2008 - http://economia.publico.clix.pt/noticia.aspx?id=1316214)
In closing
SEA should not be about controlling
decisions
SEA should be about demonstrating the g
competing advantage of taking into
account big-picture environmental issues g p
to enable sustainable decision-making
To be strategic means...
- to hit the critical points - to hit the critical points
and address the pathways
It is also about knowing
where we want to get
Cheshire Cat
Alice asks which way she should go, and the Cheshire Cat
answers:
That depends a good deal on where you want to get to,
said the Cat.
I dont much care where, said Alice.
Then it doesnt matter which way you go, said the Cat.
SEA can add value to decision-making SEA can add value to decision making
An instrument that performs a fundamental p
new attitude in strategic development process
- establishes a relationship with the decision-
making process,
with a fresh and constructive look - with a fresh and constructive look,
- centred in the strategic dimensions of the
decisions to be taken decisions to be taken
Th k Thank you
Does SEA changes outcomes?
Maria Rosrio Partidrio
IST, Portugal
mrp@civil.ist.utl.pt