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    Ayurved A Marati - Botanycomplete

    Uploaded by

    Sundara Veerraju
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    of 866

    sundara veerraju

    S.V.RAJ U
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    4
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Wil Jil Ch"^ RHl'Jlill WiKl'UW.
    mMW*nM*^^^]nmM^^^nf9
    Bombay, December 17 1906
    It gives me great pleasure to testify to the Excellence of the Gujarati work written
    by Mr. Jaykrishn^Indraji on Botany, Herbs and shmbs of the mountains and how
    to recognize them. Mr. Jaykrishna has in his official capacity studied the plants and
    herbs of Gujrat and Kathiawad for more than a quarter of a century and has committed
    to paper his observations.
    I have gone through a greater portion of the work and am glad to say that it will
    be a very valuable addition to Gujrati Scientific literature.
    The language is easy and adapted to the wants of the Country.
    I trust his work will be a standard work on Indian Botany and will be wel-
    received by the public.
    Bhalchandra Krishna.
    aai 3ii R^ 3Hi^ili 9h(qi'ui(*
    n*w^w%w*^%wk^t^^^^^M^^i
    I have much pleasure in saying that the Gujrati work written by my esteemed friend
    Mr. Jayakrishna Indraji and named ^JT^TRRira: ^^T^Jfr ^i^tgst, ^ qfr^ 3T^ ^S^^m
    is a very interesting, learned, and useful one. It is the result of the study and
    observation of plant-life for over a quarter of a century within my personal knowledge.
    Mr. Jayakrishna is well-qualified to write such work with credit to himself, and profit
    to the reader. I have heard read to me by Mr. Jayakrishna himself a good portion
    of the work and I am sure that the elaborate and learned preface and Introduction
    he has written will be highly useful to the Gujarati student of Botany. The language
    is easy, clear, and attractive and richly interspersed with specially-coined
    words in
    I
    Gujrati and Sanskrit to render the meaning of technical Botanical terms readily
    intelligible and not difficult to remember. I trust that his work when published will
    meet with the encouragement it deserves, -especially among those students of Indian
    medicine who interest themselves in the study of Indian Botany, and those who want
    to utilize Indian plants for the relief of human suffering.
    I wish the work every success, most cordially.
    Bombay,
    ")
    K. R. Kirtikar. F.
    L. S.
    } 5th December 1906. )
    -
    U. Colouel. I. M. S. (Retired)
    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    BOTANY
    ^4:0:{-
    =
    A COMPLETE AND COMPREHENSIVE
    ACCOUNT
    OF THE
    FLORA
    OF
    BARDA. MOUNTAIN
    (
    KATHIAWAD)
    M):o:<^-
    BY
    THAKKR JAYAKRISHNA INDRAJI,
    LATE CURATOR OF FORESTS AND GARDENS
    ( POIIBANDER STATE )
    FIRST EDITION COPIES 1000.
    tRR*RV
    NEW YORK
    BOTAMCAL
    GAHi/liiS
    PRINTED AT THE
    "
    GUJARATI
    "
    PRINTING PRESS.
    A. D. 1910. SAMVAT (966,
    PRICE Rs. 10.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    "
    It is pleasant to note all plants, from the rush to the spreading cedar, Erom the
    giant King of palms to the lichen that staineth its stem."
    (
    Martin 7 upper.
    )
    (
    Registered under the Press Act of 1867.
    )
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    "
    Never lose an opportunity of seeing anything beautiful. Beauty is God's
    handwriting, a wayside sacrament; welcome it in every fair face, every fair sky, and
    every Fat'r Flozver, and thank him for it, the fountain of all loveliness; drink it in,
    simply, earnestly, with all your eyes; 'tis a charmed drought, a cup of Blessing."
    "^ifcT
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    &." {Martin Tupper.)
    "
    Of all the studies that ever occupied the attention of man, the cheapest, the
    most delightful to the mind and invigorating to the body, is the study of nature. It is
    here, indeed, that man may with truth be said to be following out that line of conduct
    that his Creator intended him. The first attraction to the child when set down on the
    green is to pick up the wild Flowers, and this first and fondest attraction generally
    remains to the last hour of our Hves."

    (Richard Brook).
    "
    To our readers we say. Go, take practical lessons. None more accessible
    will you find in this world : for the
    *
    Flowers that spring by vale or stream,
    Each one may claim them for his own.'
    T -ke the great volume of the Book of I<!atitre, that book ever spread open before us by
    Him who is its Author; go straight on, gather leaf after leaf, examine, compare,
    and
    ponder over them. Ponder how well
    "The Almighty Maker has throughout
    Dis-'jiminated each from each, by strokes
    And touches of his hand, with so much art
    Diversified, that two were never found
    Twins at all points."
    Thus, and thus only, will you gain practical knowledge of, will you acquire real interest
    in the study of plants,
    "

    (Spencer 7homso7i.)
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    '
    ' There lives and works
    A soul iu all things, and that soul is God.
    The beauties of the wilderness are His,
    That makes so gay the solitary place,
    Where no eye sees them."
    "He"
    "
    in its case,
    Russet and rude, folds up the tender germ
    Uninjured, with inimitable art;
    And, ere one flowery season fades and dies.
    Designs the blooming wonders of the next."
    (
    Cowper.
    )
    "
    Happy who walks with Him! Whom what he finds
    In nature, from the broad majestic oak
    To the green blade that twinkles in the sun.
    Prompts with remembrance of a present God."
    (Cowper.)
    '
    ' There is a lesson in each flower,
    A story in each stream and bower
    ;
    In every herb on which you tread.
    Are written words, which, rightly read
    ;
    Will lead you from earth's fragrant sod.
    To hope, to holiness, and God."
    (Davis.)
    '
    When I look at the poor little herbs that arise out of the earth, the lowest of
    vegetables,
    and consider the secret spark of life that is in them, that attracts, increases,
    grows, and seminates itself and its kinds, the various virtues that are in them for the
    food, medicine, and delight of more perfect creatures, my mind is carried up to the
    admiration
    and adoration and praise of that God whose wisdom and power and influ-
    ence and government is seen in these small footsteps of his goodness : so that, take
    all the wisest, ablest, and most powerful and knowing men under heaven, they cannot
    equal that power and wisdom of his that is seen in a blade of grass.

    "
    (SzrAI.ffale.)
    The carpet of flowers and of verdure spread over the naked crust of our planet
    is unequally woven : it is thicker where the sun rises high in the evercloudless
    heavens, and thinner towards the poles. Everywhere man finds some new plants to
    his support and enjoyment."

    (Humdoii).
    Within the tropics the wild luxuriance of nature is not lost even in the vicinity
    of large cities, for the natural vegetation of the hedges and hill-sides overpowers
    ^
    in
    picturesque effect the artificial labour of man.
    * * *
    Houses within the tropics
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    are surrounded by the most beautiful forms of vegetation, because many of them are
    at the same time most useful to man. Who can doubt that these qualities are united
    in the banana, the cocoa-nut, the many kinds of palms, the orange, and the bread-
    fruit tree j
    * * *
    Epithet after epithet was found too weak to convey to those who have not
    visited the inter-tropical regions the sensation of delight which the mind expe-
    riences.
    * * *
    In my last walk I stopped again and again to gaze on those
    beauties, and endeavoured to fix in my mind for ever an impression, which at the time
    I knew sooner or later must fail. The form of the orange tree, the cocoa-nut, the
    palm, the mango, the tree-fern, the banana, will remain clear and separate, but the
    thousand beauties which unite these into one perfect scene must fade away; yet they
    will leave, like a tale heard in childhood, a picture full of indistinct but most beautiful
    figures.

    {Dartvin).
    Like a beautiful flower full of colour but without scent are the fine but the
    fruitless words of him who does not act accordingly. But like a beautiful flower full
    of colour and full of scent are the fine and fruitful words of him who acts accordingly,
    The Path of Viituts(Buddhist.)
    Do you wonder why poets talk so much about flowers ? Did you ever hear
    of a poet did not talk about them?
    * * *
    They will bloom over and over
    again in poems, as in the summer fields, to the end of time, always old and always
    new.

    (O. W. Holmes.)
    Pink and red flowers almost invariably revert in many individuals to white
    .
    Indeed, there is probably not a single blossom of these colours in England of which
    white specimens may not occasionally be gathered.
    * * *
    Almost all pink or red
    flowers become white with the greatest readiness under cultivation.
    * * *
    "BhxQ
    flowers in nearly every case produce abundant red, pink and white varieties in a state
    of nature.
    * * *
    In an immense number of cases blue appears as a late modifi-
    cation of red, the bud or young petals being stiU of that colour, and only deepening
    into blue as the flower opens.

    {Gratit Allen.)
    :^:>^^^f^^f^*:f<:^
    sundara veerraju
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    SliaitHi^ ^ liaj.i=l 1ii2i ?
    sundara veerraju
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    MR
    Jl>ll^'{l ^^"IC-ft tR^MHiA fi^tn iiii^l^i tlW M^^^tl aMR 8l*lC-[l i^l^i
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    classification) <iiejll8fl c\^ Itl^Mfci %(oiV(l
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    (
    Science of observation
    )
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    <\R 5><ii <^^ cl Tiiciini ^(uiHiHi 51^ i*i%M(ci -Hisi Qti'W 3iiui\Hcii
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    sundara veerraju
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    t'Hfcl ^oi^ ^ ifcJ iii
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    ^^^
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    onHSJIl
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    ! i^sil'tl aHl4l "Hvifcl^l 41<H
    ^Ri^l "^^XMI^ H^<Hl^L ^IM 2l^?ll
    ^,
    =^ ^Sll llcl
    ^. "H^ ^h =yi5i<v (q^ici
    (
    Mr. F. Gell. B. A. Cambridge ) (nai*icl(l ani i*l>ii
    ani^l anmi 'ifSi-H (i^%ll'l'{l cIWH et't^'ufcl^l iin^q (practical) aH<>J4l%l
    >!<l
    By Natives of India alone can Botanical science be pursued in India
    with the same success which has attended the eflForts in this direction of
    Europeans in Europe. Botany is not of course merely a Nomenclature. But
    before it can be entered upon as a science, common plants must be known
    and discriminated by their names. Perhaps there are not half a dozen men
    in the Presidency, who could go into any ordinary ghaut jungle, and tell
    its trees and plants by their leaves alone. But more labourers in the field
    of Botanical Research are urgently required in india: and they must be
    drawn from the ranks of the educated Natives. Half a dozen men excepted,
    little, apparently, is known of the great Vegelable Kingdom by those whose
    deepest mysteiies nevertheless require the juice of a rare jungle plant;
    (Sarcostemma Viminale says Dr. Haug, is the true "Soma" of the
    Veds.) but many of whom are still content to feel an ignorant contempt
    for
    "
    the jungle," with all of Wonder and of Wisdom which it contains. It
    will be a day of real progress in India, which sees the educated Brahmin
    going forth into that jungle, to learn deeper lessons from it, than even the
    most eloborate of soma sacrifices can teach him, in a "spirit of love and
    of a sound mind;" and he may perhaps find that many a despised dweller
    in its recesses has a knowledge of its plants and animals, and of other things
    besides, which he and all his educated fellow-countrymen would do well to
    respect and utilize. The great Mountstuart Elphinstone, being found, late in
    life, attentively sitting amid students, to learn to the last whatever was to
    be learnt: and India will be great, in what constitutes true greatness, when
    her greatest men are not ashamed to do the like."
    Villi i=u^i 'li'-Hi \^ ani-Hiaji liU itn^^n oi^*ti ^m-^i iU v{^r i(4 sim ! I
    !^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    ^ ^
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    "^
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    ^^
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    ?ll<Hcl ^ 5Hn
    Sleii
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    S^av
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    m^l RKl^cll "Htnl ^l1 &. wJil^ ^l CH'>HilR^ ^qVl ^Hl %q8lllrll Oi^jii |oi;^, H^ilil ROii^l
    ci^ >ll^ l">HclR ci^ll^l wi^'oiR *^l^l (SMiR >ll^ &. Sli^ov
    i(^ -Hej ^a^ll
    fi^
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    ^. ^^ICHcll V^llcll^l s^'Il-yRlHl-^l-HtSJ ^feil-^dsl llcll
    ^ ^ ^3U
    an^ QJii^il ^iis^^i yisi Hicii Js^ctl. SHI ^|S^;^ll!! qicii 4^ litl >ii^i,
    < >ii^i, Hej c-fotniR ^icl cli ci H<1 ^i^ ^.
    "You will find something far greater in the ivoods than you will find
    in books. Stones and Trees will teach you that which you will never learn
    from Masters." (St. Barnard)
    "There is a tongue in every leaf,
    A voice in every rill." (S. Thomson).
    1h1 ^M ^h
    rii^icil Oi.?ii;i
    ^IM^ ^^
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    ghten) %lli<H
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    yi^Sl &.yyg
    ^^,
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    ^
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    "Well, never mind, we have given you a congenial work I think. Please
    do your work and you will find an interest in it. Your knowledge of plants
    should now be put to some practical and useful work." anisft
    ^
    ^R^lfcJ oi*il,
    ;i
    ^lJs^>ii ^^
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    %'hCi11
    i^nisili ^ijjii iiCi. an^ cl ci'l%-u(ci>ii8ft 'ftsUKll ^^l, ^3l*ll KK,
    o^g^
    *
    Common Thoughts on Serious subjects by the late Chester Macnaghten, M. A.
    Principal, Rajkumar college, with an introduction by Robert Whitelaw, lutroductioq
    page XXV. London 1896.
    ^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    =il(?^Kl 'l^niaJlAl
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    ^toiet^di
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    S.V.RAJ U
    ilwl<l*ll.
    Natural order of the plant.
    Short description and properties of
    the order
    Serial number.
    Generic and specific (Botanical) name
    of the plant.
    Refei'ences.
    Vernacular name of the plant.
    General description of the plant.
    Root.
    Stem and branches.
    Leaves and stipules.
    Flowers, peduncle, bracts and pedicel.
    Calyx.
    Corolla.
    Stamens.
    Pistil.
    Fruit.
    Seed.
    Economic parts of the plant.
    Medicinal properties of the plant.
    Uses.-medicinal and Economic.
    Habitat.
    Remarks.
    ^i^i
    %ll^tHrii
    41<:h :aHM[-M. H\<A[ {Flora
    of British India) ^ R^Ai^
    ^^ri^H^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    l-The "Flora
    of
    British India." Volumes I to VII. by Sir J. D. Hooher
    London 1875 to
    1897-3li
    i^ ( H. I.
    p. 1)
    ^ik Hooker's Volume I. page 1.
    2-The "Floiceinng plants
    of
    Wertern India'" by the Rev. Alexander hjd
    Nairnc London 1894 a>l^
    |^
    (^-
    P-
    ^
    )
    ^^ Nairne page 1.
    0-"Dictionary
    of
    Tiie Economic Products
    of
    India" hy George IFczW Volumes
    I to VI,-part IV. Calcutta 1887 to 1893. 5l^ l^
    (Watt. I.
    p. 1)
    S^dil
    Watt's Volume I. page. 1.
    S5irT^. ^kci ^^y^ ^ l<i^^ 14
    i^
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    /
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    sundara veerraju
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    <^
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    LATE MAHARANA SHRI VIKRAMAJITJI OF PORBANDER.
    A', a: AMifa, Photo-Artist. Porbander.
    ^
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    S.V.RAJ U
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    S.V.RAJ U
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^1)
    =H^i>i
    i-^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    INDEX OF NATURiL ORDERS AND
    BOTANICAL NAMES.
    BitM^niMvt ^jnuit^^tu^MmB
    Abrus precatorius...
    Abutilon Avicennae
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    fruticosum
    indicum...
    muticum
    polyandrum
    ramosum
    Acacia arabica
    A. catechu ...
    ebumea ?...
    famesiana
    jacquemontii?
    leucophlsea
    pennata ...
    planifrons ...
    Senegal ...
    Acalypha Indica ...
    A. ciliata ...
    ACANTHACE^
    Achyranthes aspera
    Adansonia digitata
    Adenanthera pavonina
    Adhatoda vasica ...
    Adiantum lunulatum
    Adina cordifolia ...
    ^gle Marmelos ...
    i^rua Javanica ...
    ^. Lanata
    iE.
    scandens ...
    ^schynomene aspera
    M,
    indica
    Agave Americana (Aloefibre-plant) ..
    Agave vivipara (Aloefibre-plant)
    Ageratum
    conyzoides
    Ailantus excelsa ...
    Alangium lamarckii
    Albizzia
    glomeriflora ?
    A.
    Lebbek ...
    A.
    odoratissima?
    ALGiE
    Alhagi maurorum...
    . 226
    . 67
    . 68
    . 61
    . 65
    , 60
    , 67
    302
    317
    314
    309
    311
    315
    321
    312
    319
    636
    638
    548
    605
    87
    293
    562
    715
    377
    126
    603
    604
    605
    214
    213
    654
    654
    398
    129
    375
    325
    323
    325
    717
    211
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    A.
    AtlSMACEiE
    Aloe vera
    Alternanthera sessilis
    Alysicarpus bupleurifolius ...
    A. heyneanus
    longifolius ...
    racemosus
    (Belgaumensis)
    rugosus
    styracifolius
    vaginalis
    (Var) Nummulari-
    folius
    A. V.
    (Var) stocksii
    Amarantace^
    ...
    Amarantus Blitum?
    A.
    gangeticus
    A.
    spinosus ...
    A. viridis
    Amarylude^ ...
    Ammannia
    baccifera
    AMPELiDEiE
    Anacardiace^ ...
    Anagalis arvensis (Var) Csenilea
    Anaphalis CutcMca
    Andrographis echioides
    Andropogon annulatus
    A. contortus
    A. filiformis?
    A. foveolatus
    A. halepensis
    A. intermedins ...
    A. Ischaemum
    A. laniger
    A. pertusus
    A. schsenanthus ...
    A. squarrosus
    Anisocbilus camosus
    Anisomeles malabarica
    A. ovata
    Anogeissus latifolia
    AnONACE/
    Anthistiria cymbaria
    A. imberbis
    . 690
    . 668
    . 607
    . 218
    . 220
    , 219
    . 220
    , 219
    220
    217
    , 218
    596
    601
    600
    599
    600
    653
    343
    155
    164
    423
    404
    559
    703
    704
    704
    701
    704
    703
    701
    702
    702
    702
    703
    583
    588
    588
    334
    2
    705
    705
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Index,
    Apluda aristata ... sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Index.
    Celastrus paniculata
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    4
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Index
    .
    Hemidesmus Indicus
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Index,
    M.
    Maerua arenaria ... ... ... 'hZ
    Malachra capitata ... ... 70
    MALPIGHIACEiE ... ... ... 117
    Malvace^ ... ... ... 55
    Manisuris granulans ... ... 700
    Martynia diandra... ... ... 547
    Medicago sativa ... ... ... 181
    Melhania tomentosa ... ... 96
    Melia Azadirachta ... ... 134
    M. Azedarach ... ... ... 140
    Meliace^ ... ... ... 134
    Melilotus alba ... ... ... 181
    M. parviflora ... ... ... 181
    MenispeRMACE^ ... ... ... 4
    Millingtonia hortensis ... ...
    54o
    Mimosa hamata ... ... ... 299
    M. sepiaria ... ... ... 301
    Mimusops Elengi... ... ... 426
    M. hexandra ... ... ... 428
    Mirabilis dichotoma? ... ... 593
    Mollugo hirta ... ... ... ZTh
    M. spergula ... ... ... 374
    M. striata ... ... ... 374
    Momordica balsamina ... ... 353
    M. dioica ... ... ... 355
    Morinda tinctoria (Var) tomentosa ... 389
    Moringa concanensis ... ... 170
    M. pterygosperma ... ... 167
    MORINGE^ ... ... ... 166
    Moschosma polystachyum?... ... 583
    Mucuna pruriens ... ... ... 230
    Mukia scabrella ... ... ... 365
    Munaya Koenigii... ... ... 125
    Musci ... ... ... ... 716
    MyrTACE^ ... ... ... 336
    N.
    NaiadACE^ ... ... ... 690
    Nelumbium speciosum ... ... 18
    Neuracanthus sphaerostachyus ... 557
    Nipa fruticans ... ... ... 676
    Nyctagine^ ... ... ... 593
    NYMPH^ACEiS ... ... ... 14
    Nymphsea lotus ... ... ... 15
    N. pygmaea ? ... ... ... 18
    N. stellata ... ... ... 16
    O.
    Ocimum Basilicum ... ... 583
    O. basilicum (pilosum) ... ... 579
    O. gratissimum ... ... ... 581
    O. Sanctum ...
    ... ... 582
    Odina Wodier ... ... ... 164
    Olacine^
    ,
    ... ... ... 144
    Olax nana ... ... ... 144
    Oldenlandia corymbosa ... ... 381
    O. Heynii ... ... ... 381
    Oleace^ ... ... ... 434
    Opuntia DiUenii ... ... ... 370
    OrchidE/E ... ... ... 652
    Oroxylum Indicum ... ... 540
    OxALiDE^ ... ... ... 122
    Oxystelma esculentum
    -\ ... ... 451
    P.
    Palme-e... ... ... ... 672
    Pandane^ ... ... ... 687
    Pandanus fascicularis ... ... 687
    Panicum antidotale
    ... ... 697
    P. ciliare ... ... ... 697
    P. colonum ... ... ... 696
    P. crus-galli ... ... ... 696
    P. flavidum ... ... ... 695
    P. Jumentorum (guinea-grass) ... 697
    P. sanguinale ... ,,, ... 696
    Papaverace^ ... ... ... 21
    Parkinsonia aculeata ... ... 267
    Paspalum distichum ... ... 695
    P. scrobiculatum ... ... ... 695
    Pavonia ceratocarpa ... ... IZ
    P. glechomifolia ... ... ... 71
    Pedaline^ ... ... ... 543
    Pedalium Murex ... ... ... 543
    Peganum Harmala ... ... 124
    Pennisetum cenchroides ... ... 698
    Pentatropis microphylla ... ... 458
    Peristrophe bicalyculata ... ... 565
    Phaseolus aconitifolius ... ... 249
    P. pauciflorus? ... ... ... 250
    P. radiatus ... ... ... 250
    P. trilobus ... ... ... 247
    P. trinervius ... ... ... 249
    Phoenix sylvestris... ... ... 676
    Phragmites Karka ... ... 708
    Phyllanthus distichus ... ... 632
    P. Emblica ... ... ... 629
    P. madraspatensis ... ... 630
    P.
    Niruri ... ... ... 632
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Index,
    P. simplex
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Index.
    S. Indicum
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    2iVRlrll
    Hl'^l'ft =yiil>'H(^iiL
    (mM.
    an.
    SHK-l"!?
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \o
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    iiys'^i, M5i$i
    ...
    4ln HlHOfl
    4ift ^ii-a
    Jivll SHR^U ...
    bVhl ii!A5ll .
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    bVh\ ^"ii
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    (k>m. sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    aH^|f>i(^?!l. \3
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \v
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    ?A^i ii^i/i^ii ...
    ^n^i \kS[^\ ...
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    =iHd^^(ei?!i.
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    (
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    ^ili ^i^^'^i ...
    'tsii, .isig, -tilu, .tJiii
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    S.V.RAJ U
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    mIm^, -hIm^I, MlMUft
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    tHlWl^'d ^t ...
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    S.V.RAJ U
    ^dl^f^?!l.
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    5lll SiM^ii ...
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    win 4ti\li
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    V 5M i&^(l5i?sl.
    VllXl QliHSHlH^ ...
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    5tlC(l (1Sl^l?fl. ...
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    U8.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    aH^>t(^Jtl.
    t^
    (i^'^y).
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    ?.o
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    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    S.V.RAJ U
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    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
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    #
    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
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    giT^qf^-THE PLA.NT.
    \o-gH^^-aH ^i'>SMi 'H'i^M(ct<ll%>l ilHlt^l
    'tl^l'ft v^lA clMlH el^^Mfct, anilict^
    .i?
    ci;^:i
    ^JT^qi^-5n^-vegetable-life ^lt cl ^H-
    (41^1 Ml^l IIH
    &. andCl ov>{lrt w^^HH^ SHrlt^i
    Sii
    (H?i?(l
    i<l
    (satwi daii ^^l(^ct dU 'J^'fl;
    Mlt^ftni S'lcft dlii.l'liHi dl^lKl ^Hl(A(l C-ttT
    >^l-
    ^l>^i >idi RwR'-tiii <Hd (H^) ^^Kl; anPl
    ^h
    ^?cM?<IiMnft
    9V ^>HlW l1 aH^<:-fi
    %Uj>t
    !|,3l?(l ct
    ^^lSMi S^lcti SlSW^l'fl
    M^i
    anl ans
    (^^q%)
    loHi sitJi'il iRHmi ani^C-ft 6.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    hR<hihi.
    ll-^^qr%-3r*f^Mi nni nji id
    iini
    i^=ll 'll^ =l'i%M(ct'tl
    ff?
    5VJJI -MSI (Ml5ll ^m ^,
    ci
    i\i m^l^
    il^^
    organ i^ ^.
    H14 i<l Miat
    5fj[?ir ilH ^ <v^
    aniMi^ \i^
    (1)
    ^(A-Root.
    (()
    iiH-Stem. 5i >^tii ^^mi m i^-Hin ^.
    (3)
    Mll-Leaves.
    (v) ^'^"H-Flowers.
    (4) l^^-t-Fruit.
    3HI M[2i i^r
    aHl--tl 3H5llMi ^^CHl stijl SH^ll
    =Hllcl 'ita, ^Siil 5H^ MK 5i
    cW^mGi^ -o^Uli
    l=imi 2H^ qHiRi iss 3HIM ^, ii^ an;! hh-
    ^MfrtKl trr^ruT ^h^
    ff^ ^??n^;
    ^h^ H'^m
    ctii
    \%
    "{l9V rtHl^ hlHli il** i^ ^ '^l^ ^ ^^
    ani^ ^m ,
    aHltHl ci{l oyslisn "SlW Si<l ff^<\
    @M^ h^m "Mi't SH^ll ^sa^ llW 'im 'I aHl>(l
    lim, ci4l 'H'i^Mfrl
    aH^i^
    "W^Mtcl 5^=tlH S. Ml
    3pT ^;i^^-phoenogamous plants i^ .
    ci M^2(l cl Hfj^q'i^-annuals, ^ik S^ft^
    5ti <HH 3H'tl^; ^fSRTj-Biennials,
    aJlisl
    <|5Q^ "I '\k Si'H'ti^; 5H^ ^jg^rrg-perennials,
    ^IH
    S-ff?
    q^l^MKl <V>{lri (|M^ @3l ct^
    W555f
    ^JT^m-terrestrial; ^ Ml'^fl'li l^l ^ n^
    3T5r3T-aquatic; ^ <H't^M(cl Kl25 ti-HRrMfcHi
    5H5lMi, MldHi an^l l>HC-t iHl f^l-HlH clM^ 51
    ^ ^'l SRrtt^TJT-epiphytes;
    an^ ? 'H'l^Mpt
    parasites i^ 0. ci<Hi (Isi^^i^i sH^k^ shI^II,
    fiRll SHl=ll aHOni aH^}r>l Kl=i itMl^ 3HISW
    5H^ hm
    :

    (3)
    ^-THE ROOT.
    cHl IdCHli s^iilSil
    Klsoft d R^ctl^ Ml^fl Hvoijt
    iiH &; ^^a
    m\\i
    m diR
    <?i
    ^^ ^i"^
    ;
    JlRli ^
    ^^; H^
    Hq i<l Manst^ll 14Pl cl(q-
    ^^\ Kli^l
    ;
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    ^cQ
    aiPlH(Mrt
    ^ct Kli^lC-ll ^IH
    ; ^(A M^ Hl4 i^ ^i>H-
    bud, MH ^ |CH aHl=lcli 'l^fl.
    ^
    HJA 'fli^l , fl^l antMi^
    %HW and
    "H^qiy
    W55
    adventitious-roots
    i^ S.
    Su<Hiait&i "^Hta
    t4l
    "^
    3A<Jl ^^l d^cii c^lui(
    >i.^ ^IH
    ^,
    SiHi ^(A^
    ^^en^^-WoS-fibrous-
    roots i^ .
    ctmX
    n^
    aHmi a^ll JtldiaJil aH4 viH^[
    q^i^
    tuberous-roots i^ S.
    ^^ <v>fl4>ii @ct^ HHia hm ^Aiiii ^i -vHi
    'ifA^
    ^T5fr^55-tap-roots i^ d.
    ll3l ^. <l^ Sicii iicfi;i
    ^,jf, ^j^ qp^ 5H^
    ^JRri
    rhizome R5l^ <ll^i aHlM=tlli ani^ d.
    M3i
    ani^i
    Ha . n ^id[
    nyi i^^iiH d.
    >m ^
    ^'IW ^4 ^ H^l^ SHl-^, MW 1 i^MC4i ^q(
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    >itflM^ n^ty i^ aHl=(3 'iJfl. |3l'ill "S CHt^4l
    ii^l aHl^-tl n^diHl m ^ >H^i
    >i(A
    'lifl
    Mi^i
    ctKl Hl^i <;^ ojlijji \^[ ^iH g^ ^ ^cti -uj^i j^cq
    .
    *
    Sim &li=tl>ii Tl^^a/
    HH :^l ani^
    5, Mt?l ^ H^
    Well 'I'fl.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^ifeoii^il.
    M^^ cl ^l^cii^li Hi^i vh'^i Qipi i^MlW^ ^SliJ'
    ci^l 8llil fcH^i
    "-Vi Sii'-m^l <HR ilHH R^
    a^H
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    ^[55-stock >ll H'fl
    ^J^
    r^^fctan SHPlC-li
    ^<{1 WHl ^IM d. aMl<Hl ^llta ^ <H,H '-l^ d,
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    SMcQ
    qi[4S if^^fl (Him mjll V^ldl niM
    ^^Hi ^iilSilKl ani^t
    'iMHC-ft ^IM, ciMift SHm
    tld^i SHiSi ^H-w-ct
    ^IH 6.
    .iiil ^mi m?. r\h^^{ (vHl-iKl ana aHi--ti
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    ^,
    an^
    ^ M^
    a^5 -^
    H^l^
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    an^ iiil Ml IIM ,
    an^l
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    offsets aHl'-ll
    ^^T
    stolons
    i^ d, an^l cl aJis
    H^^j nH <V 4l"t ^'kl >il
    an^ -jiilaJil l8l H^ UMli^l ^Irtl^l nH =m'^
    aMli^
    &.
    root-stock d, cl^
    j\\ii
    \
    ifjqj rhizome
    1^'HWi ani^ d. wHi^
    >f^ ctSd Jjyi
    5j>^i
    ^IM, cHl^ cl^
    Hyi^i
    gj:^
    crown anU'-tl Mtlfi
    =ll-nhf-tuber
    al
    ^i'>j ^ii,
    viii^ S^iyii-
    ilM aHHlH ^.
    ^^^TH
    orchisKl
    qts
    tuber
    ^, cl anSH'-ll'i 3lill'Hl<?ll
    9o5*T^Fo5
    root-stock
    &,
    an^ H^ HUl'^l m^
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    ^R.-^tft-bulb , n
    5is;
    sii;) H(Actl anisi-
    ^ ctPiA Ml^l<?ll ^IH d, ci'ft ans^ aJii aHtHl
    H^l^ ani^l iii^'Ai ^IH , aHi--ll ctM^
    ani^C-ti
    ^^qsrt
    scales ^in anivli ^IH d. an iiMai
    anPlC-ll q^'li leti Mmi aHt<Hl 6^ V-A'li
    H'Hii wi^( Muni "S
    an n-^Hi liii H<^i <fti(
    ^IH . anPl rt Hl4 S^ 'vHl't'O aH a>i!HHl
    MK'ii <4i^i^mi aMi^<j{l ani^i iiti iW
    ann d.
    wHl^ iUlHR-ii i^MSti l-j(
    an^
    <H^l IM^
    ani^C-li
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    scaly, an^ ^H 4^1(41
    "^
    MHJjitHl iilH\'ti
    S^MC-ti Mlrtli, ^i^itni aH;iais Klt Qhr
    =ii<i-
    ii anl^c-li ^IH d, clHl iisi^ q^^ToSt
    tunicated
    R.S-aHiHl 3lii
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    M^J
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    aJi 4l4
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    ^IH 6, cllMiSJ an^i SiMC-tlMl ani-oll dSlH^fl
    ^icft
    'i% mi m 1 a{l!/l^
    ^^cTR^
    corm i^
    ^.
    (^)
    tlil
    (?^)
    The Stem.
    ^V-^:^r-aH -iiVim R^4, RlaH aH^ilc^^ <v>flH
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    6,
    Pi Myf\
    MH, <lOl i'H
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    Vy\
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    SicQ ciiQ,,{|5ii ^IH , "S ayKl tR^cl
    #lHlaHiaH
    3i^^?ll MI'<^|1h ^^M ^Rli MH
    aHlHl H'i^Mfct'll
    o{ln Qti^mi M^iai d, an^
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    an \^r^
    Miat't liJ, aHl!cV. H'l^Mtct'll ^''m\
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    hR^iihi
    =11^ 5H^ n^ 25'-^ ^'Ar-tli^, rtHl ^i avtSl
    cylindric IM , MJ
    "Slfcl'HR ""i^il Midi "S
    "i'll=l4>li iia <v<\ ^^'ct -I ^IH,
    an^ ivKl d^il^J
    'Hl^l 3 (l M '{[i'i\ 3H ^IH, ct<\ cH^Mfa
    (
    Hi^ i^ H^^^y
    )
    gt^^t-herbaceous-plant
    ^IH ^.
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    H'^M
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    an^
    (>^l^l U^l sHUHl)
    :tt1I3 irrai-under-
    shrub, suffruticose-plant i^ S.
    'HRiii i'.Hl^ U>HiaHl Klscacd ^IH, ^H^
    ^'^
    iri^-shrub i^ &.
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    H^m (39a hM iiH , (Hi^ rt<l iiil
    ^>fr,
    ^ivft-erect i^^liH 6.
    ^is-wHl^ M HtAM^(l 'ftSt^l C-113U-0 "VMIK
    ^\VM a^l(l, M^
    '^
    8lW, :^H1 q^a ^IH S
    ri<l dS{
    ^ftxfr
    JT^T^r-decumbent aHl=ll
    3^
    ^^^r-ascending i^ d.
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    procumbent i^ ^.
    R.(!f-Hl^ 9^iH^^^ iiM\^ HH^ '\??{ ^iV^i^i
    wrn:
    WrTsr-diffuse i^ &.
    ^ cHl^ ci^
    wr?jq?: q%^-prostrate,
    SH^
    fMl^
    ancQ
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    ^rhw^:^ gisn^-creeping i^ 6. wHlX
    llW H'i^Mfrl'ii
    hI^hI "i him =tl >lW(-rhizomes
    M131 "vHUM^ aHl<l ^cl M^lH4li ^IH, ell cl^
    Mi^i ^ <v ios mv^^mi ani^ .
    wHl^ i!!^ an^l Hl^ Ml^ H'i^ iiil^ll ^Mi
    ay
    (Him aHlHl ^AM^?fl -{lialC-fl .|lH , cHl^
    ct^
    g^r*fr ^5 fr^^55f-tufted, coespitose ii .
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    reo5tcfr
    (
    %55T )
    twining i^ . ani^l iiil
    4l{l >l^?(l ivH'^ft >l^, 3HiHl svH'^ft ^^(l il<Kl
    (
    tendrils ) 1 #^Hi <v=li "{Im 'li^'ll S^ai-
    2|^C-{1 ^IH , <?li^ ct^
    qiiir^ "T^^rfr climbing
    Wff
    5Hi'Hl ^55r-suckers
    ii
    S.
    wHl\ llil yi^fl 'vHl'iM^ 5HI^{1 ^ll"4iaHl
    ci'll ^Si^l aHl=tl ci'H^'d 5i?0aHl
    M^ v 'l^l cl^l
    aHi=ti ^U=tl
    ^
    S ci^
    ^flfriT^f runners i^ .
    iiil 5Hl^l cl'ft U">^l5il @M^ 5? Pt|aHi?ft
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    Pi|^
    ?ffr
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    5ifrJiv-qniT (iicf/fl)
    internode i^ S.
    'fli^lSti m $, <i^ ^ U->HlaMl aHl=ll MH
    ^TJRTmt
    opposite i^=llH ^. ^H ^^3i
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    m^i Mw
    iiilrfl 5ii^^
    ci=(l l>HiaHl anSi^l
    Mrt^ ^TI ^^'M
    fS^\-
    Wi\K whorled, verticillate i d.
    wHl^ -SiilM^ ll>Ml5ll ^mi MK -SiM Sis iv
    '^tlffl^JH, 55^!; Ji?ftH^S(l tn^,
    n>3i n<3J
    3H^ ^lij
    jTOT ^PiT
    anPl
    g^ffn: ^S ^Hl^sii geminate, ter-
    nate, fascicled or fasciculate S^mn d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \
    nf^eiiii
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    arfci^
    ani^c-il-alternate i^-HlH S.
    lHmi SHReii ^IM, Mi^i H'ft
    aM>s ^M M^
    aHl=ll '{151 0(125 sv\il fH^l^H^ Ml-rt^ =l=^l=l2i
    il^-vjji^ aHl^{l IH, cHl^
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    sHl^CHl
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    *Hiqi ^lavj
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    '{{b'hui ^IH 5H^
    5ic(l :(IH -SiM
    5^ tMlag^H
    5l
    ^R %lMl'rt^ ica ilH, cMl\ cl^l ll>Hl 5Hl<Hl
    M14^ ^r^r^WiT =ii^l
    ^[g^f
    R
    distichous,
    an^
    Hl^ aHl<l ^^ iiilM^
    ^3i
    6R
    SHlM
    IM,
    cHl^ WW^t^ft
    =Hl^i-ti tristichous i^ .
    3T^r?IJfrcI ^l!t
    ani^eti-Scattered i^niH d.
    Hl^ Ht/(l U>HlaHl aHl=ll MlH ilM a^ii <^^
    tHlogM?: H^C-ti an^lHl '{\iiC-li ^IH 6, cMl^ ci
    5lC-fl ^IH ^, MJ ^ JlCrlll>MlaHl{l m\.\i
    m4 S^ =^i %l^Wl ^IM, cHl^ ci^ U>Ml5ll
    fsCvHt
    "^
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    anr-d ^ci il(clU'llaHl ^i3J
    ^tjl
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    cHl"^ ct
    f5r*?fT
    ^ HlVHsTr
    trichotomous
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    a^i
    f^Ml^ft aii^R Klif^lC-fl ^IM, cMl^ ct^ ^U^MiaJli
    g?JIKK
    umbellate S^^iH d.
    ^td^Mpl-ft M"^ Hl4 i^ %tt/fl, IA, lll
    anPl
    jiii culm
    an riiH aniMcii^ii ani^ 6.
    (^)
    'n^-The Leaves.
    3M-qH-Hl4 i<l >ii4 H'i^"HrnH[ ans
    ^iHi^m
    ^^ni, 5^ Mlrttfli
    qTJII
    blades ^IH 6,
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    ^n-^
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    qT;T
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    petiole ^IH Jv'^fl ci -iiil^ c-ti^l^ ^m
    &.
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    ani^
    cHl\ M^ i^C-ii
    '^
    >4H[ H(4l^ 1^^ qi^T
    ^Mivctl^ S. aHc{l a>;^
    Hi4 i^O^ ildil^l Ml-
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    "ViliaH
    MH;i
    'ilM ildilyicj M<^ C-f>HMRi ani^ , MH'il
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    3^-Sii MW
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    ^
    HH^Mfrt-il llfcl
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    ^IH <i dli, n tlRn^ crfo^-base i^<=llH
    d,
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    JIn^-summit S^HlH d.
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    M^ anl^^ ^IH
    wi,
    cHl^ <i=ti MH^
    ^f
    (MH)
    sessile i^ ^.
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    >ii-^ 'H''^ ^H"*^'*^
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    ^^^ TirJf
    ^-stem-clasping,
    amplexicaul ani^^ S^ S.
    wHl^ MH^ ct[(hg -siil
    aniR ll>Ml^ Ml5t
    aildiii (V
    ^13
    ci?(l, M^3 ci'ft ail^^
    X^
    hM
    M*^ ^IM d, 1 <^(1 >siil anoR U>Hl MhKI
    =iatMia a^ 'HlMl^ '{li<?ic-n s^mih ^, tmX ^Hi
    Mmi n(fAHi anoR
    MH^ ^'^RTg-perfoliate
    i^ 0.
    l(&^m
    "H^ft'ti MH -i't^ (333)
    ogSii*
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    d^l
    a>il<Hl liil ^i[ iMK d, cHl^ ciqi MW^
    jfl"^ ^?r?:cf!
    ^T?:WT^-decurrent i^ ^,
    Hl^ 5^5 MH aHH=ll clKl
    ailiaf\ cit{1 R^ct
    l5i5tt ildil^ rt(caa ^iil H3R 1->HIM^ cl'ft
    ii^a-il SM^ ^i'li^'ft Ml^i RdtfllHJi ilH 6, (tl^
    a=a ildil, rtttfinU MH^
    qft%f[v, ^ns^T^
    sheathing i^ 6.
    @o
    m, Hi an^ ^(l#l-
    aHHi MW.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    h(^iihi.
    19
    root-stock '{I <3M^<ft 3Ht=ll i(M Si Kl^i^ft
    aHM ^"^HIH ,
    an^i MH ^H^ ^CH^
    4jg6 | -j^
    c
    l
    =HlHl WSSirf radical MH
    SH^ ^Sl
    i^ d.
    S cHl^ ciPl
    ^r^oST 3r^
    (Hl'i)-rosulate S^
    ^rs^q^ 3IR^
    "^
    ^tlW
    TR-cauline-lea-
    ves i^qiM 0.
    0, cHl^ ct ^T^-simple SH^
    3T#^?T-entire
    Hl^ MH'fl liVil vtil HltaHl
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    ma
    ff5>=tl sAi^l tictl SHl^C-tl ^IH d,
    (Mi^ ^;)
    3n^fr-in'T Sr^ ^ToS^r^-ciliate; Hl^
    MH-fl "^RM^ ril^m ahl llH S,
    cHl^ ^^
    ^f?IT^I^-dentate, toothed;
    ii^ MuHl
    ^tr^T^-serrate; an^
    Hl^ Ml-iKl iRM^'li
    ^^-crenate; Moj Ml^
    Sj
    iiai^i ^(jji ut^^j
    crenulate i^ .
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    MH^ STR'inkcI ^rNr^T^-sinuate i^ d.
    ^ImKI Ml!<i (3=ft Hl=(l ctM
    ^iH cHl^ n^
    linn ^ a5f<^re|l^
    wavy, undulate
    i^ S.
    HlX MlcfO "SR hHiX dil iMlH{l ilH d,
    Mi
    ci'il JIM VKKI *l\^H-V^l =Hi'-tl ildil ^'fl
    lobed, cleft Js^ S. aHl<l ^n iilcHl Mmi
    ilM an^l^l Pi(Hl3ll^
    ?^
    an'R ^DfraTT-lobes
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    SH^
    HtJJl
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    ^ffJ^T 3TR-
    iffRf ^^armr^-laciniate i^ ^. MH'tl
    ^t^?3n-sinu3es i^ .
    <wMl\ MH'ft ^RM^Hl ilM aHlHl R<Hl^l, MH'ft
    jiVh-Xhi aHi=ll iliil ^^=(1 M^iSlC-ll ^IH ^, cHl^
    ciqi MH^ nT
    =HUHl f%*niT?r-divided,
    dissected i^ ^. ani^l ^ci MH^ti
    a^
    Rotioli
    segments i^^.[h ^, =H^
    an SiiSil MH iSU-
    M^ft m(1 ovcii ^Hl
    M<ai
    ^Hl ildilft n rti-SHi
    (^l^ilH 1l Mil ^ISdl 'im.
    Ml^ MH rt-ll i^H-Xm aHl<Hl ^iil ^Ml
    (H9tlPlcl Si^ig ^iH , cHl^
    ^i
    MH
    ^3^-
    compound i^=llH d,
    an^ aHl<l ^ct MK-il
    ffi' R^il^ll l'V-ll IH ^,
    ft
    ^,
    tm
    "^
    q^T
    leaflets S^HIH . ani M^l aHl=li [km^l
    ff?<l
    ^ct iiil aHJR ^ll-ilM^^
    ^\^i
    MH "^H^ Ml
    , ci'=n ^ct MH-il ildilM^^ MK -^H^cli, ciUHl
    H^l^
    "^^
    Mi ^. ^ ^"^H
    ^(41 aHicll ildilM^
    Mmi ani Rw^ll aH^cii m^I anRsti ^IH g,
    ct^
    WRT?^ ^TZ^t
    "^
    g^s^
    ^t^^r
    common
    petiole i^ &,
    an^ s^i \H an^iHi seiKl '^ii
    sa{\
    (
    Hli&l'O ) ilill^ fri^-petiolule i^ .
    yo-TTTTMi llil Hi^ft
    f^I'CT^r
    veins ^IH ^,
    ciKl
    SlUHi^i^
    nET^iafrsfr
    ^gsn-venation i^ d.
    RRlSil MH'd ildilHi(l
    'flif^ MH'il Ml/l>li
    M^^lHC-fl ^IH . H aniil an^-KOl ^U">Ml ilfrl^U-
    MlSimi'41
    Miy ^IH S.
    lil *lM ^IH ^, <i^ ci^
    Jrar nerves
    i^
    ilH , d^ f^i^sft-veins,
    a^^
    aH>ii?ft <^
    '-Hi^s feiSii -{Is^ic-a ^iH S d^
    ^?iJT ra^iarr-
    veinlets i^ ^.
    wtcfiHil *t<AT MiKi
    ani tHiTn iii
    sfrsr^r-an-
    astomose ^IH d, v MKMl ani^l
    ^?l ^g^H
    (^RlSil ^ilHC-a ^IH ^, ^3 MW
    5TR5rfR:-re-
    ticulate, net-veined i^^llH S.
    Ml^ 'Hit ^-^H (iRl MH'fl iliilMi?ft
    '{1s<aT
    K^\\
    ct fRl MHKI JT^q'^r^T-midrib i^HiH S.
    MiX MUKl ildilMi'-(l lA{lSiS f^Rl^ii rOiofl
    U">HiaHl>iSHl r^HlH <^\\. =lti SI)/"
    !(^ MK^ ^^^<^
    ii
    HtacO ^iM, cti cWl r^RiSii^
    ^mr??Tt: f^mart-
    parallel veins i^ 6. a^l<l fiRlani
    q^^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ufiwHl.
    g^^qj^-monocotyledonous-plants'ti
    MH
    rim '{liM ^IH ^ rHl^ H^i MH^ BTOT ^^-
    qi^-3-nerved, qN
    > ^cT iT^r^g-5-7-
    nerved UcHlfs i^
    S.
    iplinerved i^ d.
    r^RlS^l MK'fl ildil an^l^ ^^H^Hl'fl i\h 'HlagSi
    5iJs M(^'li Mlwi'ft ^U'^ilSll Hiyjs
    aMj, \iyf\ Sis
    feathered i^=tiH S.
    Hl^ Ml( 'v^li MH>li ^l?(l M^^l ii=(mi
    IH, rHlX ci<H( MH^ ?:[5Rf 1R 511 (
    ^''l
    )
    Ijrate S^
    S.
    SilS^l "MKHi rtPlHl n\\s, 'Vh'^l ^IH , cHl^
    ciqi MK^ Wira^f TT^T
    515 (
    MH )-ran-
    cinate Jt^ S. "Hiai wHl^ H ''Ji'^nsJiiaMl aHj,
    ^IH ^, cHl^ ci^i MW^ ^Nl^'t
    ^
    (Ml'i)-pec-
    tinate i^ ^.
    j^-palraate h^ .
    o
    q^a
    an^l ^ii^i^i
    MW =Hini IH ^.
    iliil ^Ml (3il 31^411 ^IH <*ll^ i^i MH^
    ^2^
    ^vfr f^^rrfrtrf l^-digitate i^ S. <<>
    ^t^-wi
    an^
    ?l^(Al4i MW SHiqi ^(H S.
    Bl^^-ternate; an^ an aHl^Mi MK^ Brqtiff,
    BiMsfi, ^"NTHsrr
    ^n^r, %^3lf-tri-foliolate;
    laaioff W<?4ia-5-foliolate,
    7-foliolatc, i^
    6.
    (30 >MlM^l an^l e>{|c^^i
    MH 'ftMiSjf an^l
    Hl^ aHi Mmi
    tii^
    {m[^[ ^^H[ ^IH 6.
    M^ Klai'tl PtQllsll MlWl RoilPin lW MW'ti
    rtf^AHi MW Pl^lH R(HlPlrt 81\J :^^CHl ^IH S, ci^ll
    %ll^R^^ "HK aHjs Mf^Hl M^l \ Ht ^^l <ll
    S, cHi^ ^Hi MH^
    q%^T q;rr"% qiniff JTTTJ^
    RwRicI
    ?j^-pedate i^
    S.
    R<Ht(3lct t?lCHi ^IH S, cHl^ ciHi MW^ ^smi
    ^Hdi^ 'lisf
    ^^f-pinnate,
    5^# ^^t-pa-
    Imate, an^
    qf^T in ^^
    (MH)-pedate
    i^ S. Hl^ @M^ il^li^ Hin iiii ^ ^ii iMl-
    Hc-ti ^iH cHi^ ui4 s^^
    'fraf q^ ^IT^T^f-
    pinnatisect,
    ^^5jV
    q^^qr^TcSf-palmatisect,
    T%^ TH q^ wrqricst-pedatisect,
    anM s^
    S aJiPl Ml^
    an
    SIM B'lw^l a^Pl Ml^l^ll ^i{l=tl
    (iy'Hl ^IH cHl^ ci^ '{\2l ilMli^ aH^i^l
    "ftST ^3,
    pinnatifid, palmatifid, pedatifid i^ d.
    Sii an^ ^c-t an
    }((\ >(([ R(HiPin ^\'^i ^m\
    ^^4n l'^4ti ^IH S. wHl^ aHl<l <lcl MH'll
    3, V ^ qHl^ -HR (m^ Roiisll i^CHl ^IH S,
    cMl^
    ancil MtriPi ^-^^rR-decompound i^ d.
    Ml^ MH ans, 5^
    "^
    ^ejHi^ iMlH^ll
    ani?)
    pinnate, i|[*ra-bi-pinnate, f^rvni-tri-
    pinnate 5l^ j^
    g, an^ aHi<\ ^cl R(HiPh
    ^'lc^i MH^li^l M^ll (ansiHl 4'-l(atcl
    o{l*n)
    RoiR
    ct>{i aHi^4ti sc-t "i M^l-leaflets >lcl snlf*I*-
    fsWTT-pinna (sir. f^^^rnrt-pinna^)
    i^=tlH S.
    wHi^ Mli -v^ii
    yjii^
    MH^i^i xTnrRn;
    rawTH
    5HM'-ii Ml. PifHiwini q^
    "^
    q^
    "til^l
    aHlH %imi>ii ani^Sli ^IH ,
    an^ an^ ^il-
    ShI^ si hi. RmRl
    "^
    MH ^13
    'i^fl, cHl^ i
    Mii
    an^tcii a^i iti. (^(HPi
    Qi^n?^
    ira-abru-
    ptly-pinnate, ^mi ^TORflS-equally-
    pinnate i^-HlH S.
    @o
    ^iifel^^v n.
    (^\o),
    ii-
    ^^1
    'i. (^1V). M<41 Sl @M^ i^Hl ^i\^ SI
    Sil^l ill. PiOlR aHl<Hl Ml anl^^i ^IM, <tl ci
    MH ansi^l MH^l ill. pKHRl 3T^mT5HiI-n-
    equally-pinnate
    ,odd-pinnate
    J^^lH S. So
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    H(R<Him.
    M<4i 'HM"<m . <^^ 1-% ^cll^r^-bi-dentate,
    sPT ^tcirai^-tridentate,
    ^f
    ^fcTTri^-mul"
    ti-dentate, fsRVfiFTcT-bifid, BrRVnTncT-
    tri-fid
    ^^
    f^iriiT?T-multi-ficl, % ^^ofrsTisir^
    bi-lobed, fTOI^ansTr^I^-tri-lobed. nqR^sfr-
    unifoliate, fST^r-bi-foliate, i^?fr-mul-
    ti-foliate.
    ^f^^f ^H^V'^
    (pinna'),
    Oi^^^r^f-
    unijugate,^ ;air-bi-jugate, 5iafr striTafr-
    multi-jugate,
    (ctKl "^IW Mi^i ^Rm, Mli ^IH,
    an^ ct Sli'-Hl
    d'-il miii ^IM,
    Mi^ ciHl C-i'>llfc), Ml^lfAlb' S^cti
    ^AR "i Mi^i
    iii^a
    ^H[\ Im,
    ^i^ ci
    ^^rr^i?:-
    linear i^'HlH ^.
    o
    "^d'^is Hl^ ^H^ l^iHUi
    anU^^^ d\5i Ml^l^ARl Ml^l^ ^IM,
    SH^
    (^H^-
    m'i{[<[ y<-ll SHlil^
    ^^
    ^IH, (*il^ ct:^
    Ig5TiPK,
    *TSr?ra3-lanceolate i^ . 0 Hl^'Hl-
    cHl^ n ^?Ti?5t ^-cuneate i^^-tlH ^. wMl^
    >mi<?i 5li<Ai*cf?l3 an^
    <n((A^ mi^i';Q ctiMi^ 5ii4
    ci^
    cir^Hf TH ^Hl aHistR^-flabelliform,
    aHHHl
    q^^Rr
    anlSR^ fan-shaped i^ ^. 0
    aHrli^ ^^lil ^^(l 'i. (33). clU 't. (My\),
    ttcil Ml^icfll ^IH,
    an^ MlS^l^l Klaiill Qtl'l <v:il =tis
    ^cil ^isll sictl tHi^ll IM, (Hl^ cl
    gRi?i?ir^
    F^gi
    5rf-spathulate
    (?)
    i^-HlH .
    wHl^ (MK'O)M^l(fil'cri^rti CH'-HiyOiP't <V ^nHf^fl
    tJrCr^-ovate;
    an^ Hl^
    a5i (v aniSlR'ti MH
    (ann^ll "{li) SRh)^
    aHfel'-ia(?fl dH^'ll (Hl^mi
    obovate i^ ^.
    "mmi i^cii
    ^ai^i hHi^ ^ih "h^ cl'fl c-i<Hiy
    Mt^ltAlfcJ i^ni -H'm^ ^IM, <J4l^ ci
    at^T^K-oval,
    elliptical i^^lH ^; an^ wMi^ ancii (v aniSR^
    Ml't ^A ^l
    ^i
    aHHHl S\icai'cl
    ^i
    ^IM, cHlX
    c1
    ^J^nrSJ-oblong i^'HlH ^. ^"ij "^liSlWl^
    MW
    fsT^rorr^RT^-deltoid i^=llH ^. ^Hm^Hl
    na^C-li
    MH-^l ^IS^i aHHciai:Hi ctpriHi'-ft Ml^lfAlW HH[\
    ilH, cHl^ cl^ jj^nf^mg-rhomboidal S^ ^.
    wMi^ c-if'iiy
    s^^cii Mi^itAiW H'm^ ^iH, <Hi^ qrfTasi
    q^I^^I^-transversely oblong, oblate i^
    falcate ii^lH $.
    MH ^ ci4l 9{<Hm, ^mi qHRrMQlKl "^iW ^Kh
    lol
    HIM^HIMI ani^ ^. (vt^ aMj; MH C-Iioi an^l
    %lis4 ^IH ^ ctlMiJl ci aHH'-ia{?(l ^1=1 Pl^H
    Ml^l^i
    a>i;i aH^ci2^?(l
    H^-ll <HRMi di ^-Sl
    ^m yii|
    Hi
    ^IM cHl"^ ctHi MK^ ^^f^T'C-
    *Ig5rf;rcT3-linear-lanceoIate i^^ Ml d. ciM
    ff/
    wHl^ ^HS MH
    a^i^
    ^ii| ^13
    H^ > ct^
    ':qr^rr
    si^ ^isih, cl^i a^ ^qifr^ b^ iiiH
    ctd^ cl Ml^l'5,
    "Hi^
    il3
    4^(1, clM ci =n-Pl 1
    ^ii|
    Hi \^ ^13
    H'-(l, cHl^ a>ii^ MK ?:qrRr^-
    ^^fl55-linear-oblong i^^llW 151M. ^S^[rl ^ct
    aniHl ^i^l
    (h'H aniSl^l MH aniR^i ^IH d.
    Vv9-qR5 J^-apex aHHHl ;i?ll^-summit
    wHl^ ani
    Hn^ ^^^ 3H3R >t8il(4, is,il '^i^'^il'fl
    li!(S ani^fl
    id
    ^IH , cHi^ ci^ 3TaiRi^-acute,
    pointed ii
    .
    Hi^ ci ^^i "^Jii^i
    ^i
    ^vl<\HH[<h 8li| m4 slr/iiy
    513 ^l*^ ^j cHl^
    ciPl 5^-obtuse, blunt i^ S.
    M^ C-li{\ anl^ft lcii |lH ^,
    ci4
    ^\^{ STOTRT^-
    acuminate, cuspidate i^ . 0 (^iHi$j H.
    Hl^
    aMS MH^l Will Mld iMlHSll ^IH a^l^l
    ^IH d, cHl^
    ci^ ^qtS-truncate
    ii d. Hl^
    Sib MH^ ^tiui
    $ai
    aHl<Hl Mli ^IW ctM^
    oy^
    ans^ 5\^cfl -wiiai
    ^IH S, cHl^ ci^
    ^wf^^T^-
    retuse i^ d.
    wHl^ ani
    -HH^ ^iaiiol MHKI H^H^m^l Sll
    ^M^
    ^ci a>is^ qcafli ^IH, ci^
    3T^t: %5Tcft
    ^T^^I^-emarginate, notched i^ .
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \o
    \(k<Hm.
    il^-Hi ^hHI aHi^fl ctPJlHl rt'/y SH^ dfcQ^i >ill'-Ai
    ^, Mi^i n
    Ji%ira f^?Tl^r%3-obcordate
    a>il5lA '-l'4l 5ii ^^"H a>i(^n ^^Q s^y
    ^^C-fl ^IH S,
    cHl^ ci^
    ^riT^^7
    a^ofr^^-mucronate;
    SH^
    Hl^ ani-^l ^'i^ 'Am v'-n ni^J: ^IH cMl^
    ^r^rWfSTDfi^I^-aristate i^ S.
    v<^-qR5 cTio53
    Base of a leaf.
    ^K^
    <Mi
    Mej ci'ii mmi'i\ ^1 H14 i^
    anni f/
    a-tSl (T^Sl anlSR;^ ^IH 6. Nijl ri'il anqi
    anisic SMliHl^ R^lUi^H 'flSUl t'>si HM^IH
    :-
    anS \H^ ctP^ji %liiil "^Jl-^lKl tl!ii 5H<^[l=ll'Ji,
    ^IH, cil ci"^ ^t^^^jg-tapering, narro^ved,
    <ai
    obtuse ^iH cii ^|M '^s^
    nrar^^g-
    rounded, SM^ ^HS^ ^t^cfl iRqitfli^ nj5l
    Sf^I^r^^-cordate
    Sii s^^lH S.
    wHl^ "MH^ n(\H ^i'U
    5is. 1|^ {l5i) j;^,^i
    iyi ^IH, cHl^ ci raT^^l^r^I^-oblique S^HIM ^.
    ^
    S'?^Ti;rcT3
    qr^I-cordate-leaf s^HlH ^.
    "S ^tjfrsTT
    auricles
    (
    or little ears) i^ .
    Mo-v \['mi ^ ^i[ auricles ^(^Hi'Al (|iH
    aurioulate; an^ y MH'li ^ 'SilSiiHl a>i^|l
    Kl^^l h5ic-{1 ^m ct'-ll MIH^ giorr^T^-sagittate
    i^
    6.
    <3o
    rl^i^i 'io
    (
    \YK3
    ).
    %m^T fJ3Rr
    ^?:'3I^^I^-hastate S^ $.
    w-^
    MK'd Mi^i'-ai'cT cH'^ti'cT i<cti 'fyi^ ^m,
    Ml'fl "SlHl S-il ^ll'^l'cT elctl ^IM aH'-li -MH^
    3T^^flt^r?5i^r >
    sr^RT
    arr^TT^-renifo-
    na or kidiK'_v->Ii;ij)ed
    (
    "HK
    )
    i^ $. (30
    ^t-
    Hi I'll i'' (3<i0. 2ji^l 'i"
    (
    ^^^)
    'ifi, imi ct'tl nlat'-ll Mi/lM^ Hi^ i^H
    n(cfiHi'{l
    iR Ml^ MtSi =lMn r{l2^<fl %tMl/Hl =t=-5llHai SHl-
    ^C-fl ^m , cHl^
    5J^qi
    MH %ITo5r
    sHV-tl 37351^
    peltate i^HlH S. ^Hl'-li MH>li Hi4 i^ hMi-
    =ia<
    ildil'il ^3iH Ml^'-fl ^"^^Hd^il (s^i^JliR 'Oi-
    i5i ^nii'cT ^iHiii ^iH
    SiM ^i^ ^isiH d. @.
    S, niMi^i MH^l a>iliR 3^ct ^HTKl^
    ^-IH
    a^^
    HV-MK H14 i^ Hlcl'Ai an^ %lHld ^IH ^,
    M"^
    yi^tlHl^ ^I'^rt ^IM anqi MW, -siil, is,
    V.'^
    an^ =l'l^M(rt'll
    'HIti'I <Hl>il wHl^ ^iHRi^ MUKl
    M^ 2tMdl mm 'I ^IH cHl^ ci 'OSui ,iiHl?(l
    aMlcaMlH
    :-
    wHl^ 3i H%[ 'Ai^i <Hl(A ff/'-ti ^IH d cHR
    ^U^^IoS
    ^^-setaceous, capillary; H(^i
    <ni5f
    Mi^ aHfti a^Pl
    ^l ^IH'ft M^ anf^Hl'Ai
    ^IH, cHl^ Iti?T
    5Rt-acicular; Tlii an^ antti
    ^IH, cHl^
    ^g-^i TR
    ;^-subulate i^HlH
    . HlX Kl^^l ll ^l^l?ll a>i^ (3M^^l
    <SY\[
    %tisil ilH, cMl^ 3T^r^C-ovoid; an^l anir*'
    SHISR M<^ (3M^l 6il ^Hl^lSll ^IH ctl
    ;j^
    3t:^r^T^-obovoid; 3\i'jiit) 6I3 ^r cHl^ ntoS
    sHH'-ll nrssr^T'C-globular, sphercal; t8<l'-ni "i
    limi <v^l aniiR ^IM, rHl^ im
    ^f-turbinute;
    ^^\.'^
    ^ii^
    ^i h%
    cHI^ ^tfrarrfJIT-conical;
    an^ Hi^ Hl^i ^lis^
    ta
    ^iM, cMi^ nrsi?: ^-
    obconical i^HlM .
    wHl^ aHlilSlM PllliailiR aHl'-tl ui'^flaHl'Hl^ll
    ^XHIH SH^l (HRl (3H^ ^iill icil ^IH cHl^
    ^f*TT9:T^
    (?)-pyramidal, an^ Kl^i %tiiil tfil
    ^IH ctl
    ^r ^*II
    sr^-obpyramidal i^'-llH d.
    ^^ 5Ti-fusiform;
    an^l wMI^ "iMI^d 511 ^1
    %tii4
    **d
    'I
    l^%
    cMl^ ^55
    aniU'-ll
    Stc5^5-
    cylindrical i'^HlH ^. c^Hl^ aniii ilM ifl ^cti ct
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^fioilHl. 11
    JIM t^Rfl3Hi'-ii5ii d |iM, cHi^ n^
    ^^
    ^nrg (?)-
    terete, Mtji hi^ aniil i\\ 0(l\^ "ilH c'-tl^
    fsrai^-trigonous, triquetrous ^H^ S^m*{
    ^. '-niog^^ft wHl^ ll| Hl4 =^^4^
    IM^ ilH, rHl^
    ^^T'l^-compressed, "H141 wHI^ H\^ 5^ M^ii!?!
    =HMi
    *lMti ^IH, cMl^ JI%iro5 ^^
    =^^'-11
    gfe^-
    depressed i^^llH
    '3;.
    ^IM, c*{l^ ci^ ^hn^osf-articulate sHU'-li
    jointed i^ ^. an^ ^
    (fj'sliaH
    ct^ii q'i>M(^M<
    stPic-ti ^IH ci cysli^
    5lf^
    qi ^gr-joints,
    articulations i^ S. crm^ PtHfHn SH-I^l'^l
    MW R^l'4 cliSJlW R^^ ^mi %lii| 8iH^ ilH,
    M(5l ^I'tl'O >i5l ^Hi?ft ^iHl'ft M'i
    ^1
    Mil ^l^
    'i^ cHl^ ft^ ^^^ =H^Hl m^yrSl^-monili-
    form, torulose, beaded 5^
    '3. 0 otisfJi'tl
    ^iH d. Hi^ ^li'-aM )cti
    <aii
    '^
    R^ili=ii'Ji ^IH
    ^, cHl^ rt gTigf-didymous i^HlH S.
    Ml^ rl dv-H 5H^
    '^t
    ^IH ^, cH:^
    c\^
    tTf^nfg
    -
    fleshy; an^ ov
    M3i
    Hl^ ctMl ^ =lHl^ ilH, cHl^
    ?:H^-succuleDt; wHl^ ^^i ^H^ Mvt>tJt llH
    , cHl^ ci^
    'sTToR-coriaceous; 5H^ ^
    M3J
    staceous S^ .
    Hl^ Minoj MJl 8V?l =Hiii IH, cMl^ ^Jm-
    ^^5-cliartaceous, papyraceous; sh^ Mlrl'JJ
    M^i 5Hi^ "i ilH, cti ci^
    qrcToSf Tf^-mem-
    branous
    ii ^. Hl^ v^t 3Hi ^IM M^j
    ^4
    <v MldCQ ^IH
    SH^
    k^ fl^ 'i^lH,
    M>5J ll| H14
    \R%ilk ^IM, cMl^ ci^
    '^Idff 515-scarious,
    scariose 5^ .
    m45!^ ^WkH <HiHmi HM^iH a ^i^a
    =1^-
    Mvs-<lM^ SHlMi^l ^iJ" m\. W3l "i (Hiili
    MHi^ "\ MKi aHt=ll
    ^R ^IH ^, *M ll^ MUtT
    ^^TcHE^fRT-veraation Si ^.
    M(i-*:^Mdr Ir^hTR-scales, j^qqift-bra-
    cts, aM'l 3"cniTT-stipules.
    yt^ 5<1 5iH
    n^i^ =H?tHi^ ^ si-i'-ii-i i^^ 4^ ^is^i
    H'A-rfl '-t't>MW'{l
    ffsr^fr
    '5, M^^ cini ilH, 5>t,
    ic aH4 '-niRl yiHRiy MK i^cli rnfl d'l^'ii ^
    ciSii Hi^ i^ .^j^^'/ijj,
    =i't>M/t'ti <hI['W?.
    aMl^yi ^IH ,
    aH4^l
    ^TF^
    ^Ml^Hl^l ctpA'l
    ^^c^ i^^ ^H \'A Kli'A-tl^l ^ll'^HlSil'U SHRI-
    MP ^IH . SHI '-tMi ct^li 3l[^ct ^iifl H^
    ^IMianiHl anmi^l RiHI'-AI ?<(^HH '-Ha^lH i^
    H=tl
    an 5-tHiti <v^i MH <^5t[ ^IH , cHl^
    ciaJii m4 i^ ^ii, Mi^i'-ai an^ anj, oftsviKl
    Ml^ MW ani^Hl IH d. aniii
    tv
    Kfe
    Mt^ Mi^
    i^
    alii l-H5iM^4i npflMl'd <i>R'{l tl^i hii
    Htoii Si!. (Hlrn^l 3T':TT^-imbricate ^lu^il-
    nai^Hl anlil' 5>t^
    ani'-Q ^a^Hl M'^'-(l nSii^
    'tiM ^^q^rf
    ^-like scales (mh)
    Mlai ^,
    ^^^
    H^l< ^^R
    ^ii'rJC-li'ft
    "^iM^
    ^ >T'(Tnfr 5H^'-il
    ^T^cli *11H
    ^ cl
    M3J
    ancQ
    :f[^ (3H<l(3MR ^lU-
    mHR^ MK M<^ H^i 41^1'ti l'cl
    ^T^^f
    ^Hl
    ty mm ^iH , cHi^ nani m^ i^ ^i'^^r*^
    MH^ ilH i<l lJicli 't?ft. ^Sl aH3l^ H'l^Mfcl'fl
    ^^ t'f^nmi Hi^ iiMiii <^^i Sii Hlsoieii
    ^IH aHHHl S!)Q^\l Mia 4l^l<{l ^fcl iiMMl v<l
    lfc) 3lili-{l
    ilH, ctl n^ MtJl
    (
    ^^T^ )
    an Sir
    'IW
    aHMlH ^.
    \o-3Hi
    ^iNrt
    ttd^Mfrl^i ci'ii SM^'ii
    Mli
    (
    M^ 3Rdl ci aHjts aniMl ^IMIMR, ^H'^il ^enT
    ^i MW anil (h (V ani^C-ti |l )
    wHl^ ^lilH^'H'
    ^ll^R"^ MH^d |M, ^'l, 5S SH^ 5li^i:t(^^i
    jyjji
    ^;H S.cHl^ ct=li MH^ Jtqti^-bracts i^ S,
    ani ^^MM^l m4S^ H^i 4l6Ki
    a>i;^ uiui
    (
    il^il
    H'R'ii) im. ^> ani ^i<^MM^l^l ^31
    H<^(llR
    C-fl?il ilH S, cilM^i R^n i^^
    ^--11 J^Hl
    |St
    Miy ci aHK5li
    llH
    ci^i lilli yi^ii ^oi
    aSiiaH
    H<<n^R HRtej i\?il IH . :^<^MM^l Mi^ <rrHl^
    Hii 'ii^'ii ^IH
    ^, cHi^
    ci ^^q^yf-scales i|-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    t^
    M(?<Him.
    fi'tl QM^'il <H131M^ aMl^C-ti
    >i'^"H"4^l
    b'<<ii ^H^
    Aii\'i 5Hl^C-ti yiHl^^ MK i'<cli aniiR, ii^l, ^M
    leafy-bracts i^ d.
    @o
    ^H^5(?ilH
    no
    (
    t3\
    )
    S-Hidi ShJ;-^ l^^i'^MM?ll ^M, VI, bi\ ^\[i^^'^^i
    jwnfr-bracteoles i^ S. ^^C-fli ^W^MfctMl
    ^ 3-TTIlH-stipules.
    mA 1 ^ll-^lKi 3i?0M^ 5H^=tl 4K'{1 ildil^
    ^IH ,
    ri^ 3iqT*T-stipules i^ S. aHl=ti SM-
    i^ cl "SR^A MWKl ^^l b\^[ ^IH 5iH 'c((o[lqi^
    svlqiMl ani^ ^. cilMii ciaJilrii o{liyi
    ^Ml-cl^ 'cHJli
    iWlHUiSl
    MH i^'-li ^IH ^,
    Mt^l ctS^l'Hcl 5id4ll
    iv
    Hst1 ii^s 1^1 ^=ii ^ =f^fl "^H'-a im 5?Hi "v
    SHl-Hl" Mid ^IH ^ d ^q-TqqR-stipellse i^cim
    ^M-4lilM^ SHl^dRi ^l^R"^ Mid Vi7{
    ^<h
    fimiH Hd^Mfddl "{1<M "SlW M"^ QHsll ^mi S^MHi,
    <MMld, "i ^"^MM^l^ itHl^ il/1 ^IH
    , cHl^ d
    ^^RRSf
    stipitate i^^-tlH ^.
    S^-j'sq^^fff-inflorescens
    an^ ddi jwj-
    *r^-bracts.
    Hd^M(d>li
    >i'^M Hl^>2i
    i^dl^ ^iRl^ll an^
    tiaJjiM^ sHl^Jti 'jitlKl <v SllS^m, d^
    j^qrgjfT
    (inflorescens) i^ ^.
    Hl^ aJii ttd^Mfd-fl iiil aHl'-tl IIMIM^ anl^iHl
    Sell Mldft @M^, -Siil 3)101^ ^il>Ml^ SI dliijlKI
    dltiilKl :!i(^Md ^ll">HlHt,
    >i'"MM^l and ^4^1
    aHl^^ll
    ;^IH S, cHl^ ci ^CHHl^l
    y?M (Hl'l
    '%
    Sll
    3^"7?^5ir
    s^'-tiH S.
    ^vs->i'^M^aidiaHn--ll3i!s ^'4 Hl^ Hd^MfdKl dlil
    an^'-tl ll">Hl^ Si aHK'4i ^IH S, cHl^ d^ iiil an'R
    ^ll'^l^ g^ STra^-terminal; an^ wHl^ ^iil
    'i ^ll"^lM< aniqcni Mlddl -wiijil
    aHlK M:<"i^Mi'-fl
    {Is^ic-ii ^iH, cHi^ d^
    'nr^'roiirr^if \^k^~
    axillary; an^ aniqi Mld'fl %llHl 'Hlog(l Kli^lc-ti
    iiH, cHi^ d^ 'HSTHT ^55^ ^5ni:rr jft*^-
    leaf-opposed i^ S.
    Hl^ -Hd^MldHl ^i^ "l ll'>MlaMl^ SI ^C-t
    ani^Sii ^IH, cHl^ d'-(l
    oKct:^5!it;^
    RqfjTcT S^^^TT-
    determinate; a>iPl <^'\[\ M^'^i'SjHi'-d ^?il aHl^
    S, cHl^ d^ aiR^WcI-o'jg^m
    indeterminate
    i^ S, "l^tl ani oHHRrmni iiil "S imi^ SI
    S=li>li Mid aniH S.
    \^-^i ^^M^=Hdl
    "^
    Sis JiC-l'fl Kl^i ^ ^i^
    ili "s ^oil ^iH S, d^
    5^
    rr^ir ^??tt^
    Ho5T
    an^iHl 5q^^-pedunele
    4^
    S.
    ^i^-M-
    ^atdlKl ans^'d ^l^Hld'd ll>Hlft cl S^IAKI llMl
    Is
    l^
    ^Hl'Q dMiH ^ll^ls5^ld m<n ^cl 5^q-
    ji^q-rhachis
    an
    rtR?ft '*ll\'v>l S.
    ^t-J^T^:?
    aHl<Hl Tit^M HRtJJ i^dl<l fll
    Hl^ =ld^Mfrt Qi^RM^0, aHl'-tl -Slildi drAHl
    Ml^*-0, aHl'-tl-*aS mn M'<(1 '{lil S, cHl^ d^
    ^T55J[-.scape, radical-peduncle i^
    S, ani^l \^-
    dRi^-H4 i^ Mid ^Idi d'-O.
    <o
    ^nsji'^lrio (M3\)
    ^3o-ii'^M>i,5MHi S^drft llil ^ChHI 'QSi'tt
    il'dil ^IH S, ci^ ^5yfft l^Jlft-pedicel i S.
    ^i-:!i'^M^=Hdi'{i ^ii>HiSii iiilKl m'^i'^i'ft
    m\i %imiHl, anid^ "S "{l5 ^d mijj ani^c-fl ^ihS.
    vs^-Sil^ ^5t %ii?(l iltH @Hil ^Hlogdi (HRll
    Sis M^
    ani qui S,
    2hcq
    ;^3^^i;i f^?imri
    ^^m
    centrifugal, an^
    *ii'-ft Kl^idi
    \^[
    'UM.'H
    (S^il SHi^ l*-a S^ <3Hl S, M Raidl^
    3T^1W?T-'C^TT
    centripetal i S.
    v33-M^ ilMli^l (dHH S cllM<3} "H"^d
    a>lj ov
    =td=^M(d>li M^ i^C-ft (n-^ ?at4i5ii ^cii^i a^l^ S.
    vSV-wHl^ SHi ^[{[ aftM^ ildil -H^Rdi
    J^^ll
    aHKC-li ^IH S, cHl^ ^<[ ^i^^M^a^^i;^ jnnfr
    aHi^l
    f3T?:-spike, spicate i^ S. 0 >H4^({ls>ll
    io
    (Y3V). an^^l do (yvsv).
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ufR<Hlil. \3
    ^IH, cHl^ ci)^ ^^Jifr-i'-'vceme, racemose i^
    panicle, pcaniculate 5^ ^. = $il<H^l
    "Ho
    ( \R
    ),
    iil*il
    'io (^so
    ),
    Hl^ 'JiUi aHtK iliil <H3R4i aHl^l =H^i y
    q^sfr-head, flower head, capitate i^ ^.
    ci Mi<l^ ^ffff^r
    sH^'-ti
    5^qr^^-
    receptacle
    i^ ^.
    <3o
    :H^^fl, ilAl^5(l
    SH^ <mUiJ(1^1
    '4
    composita? 03^1. SHl ^t^iHKi ^m H'^Q'Hl<
    ^2^3"'^"^^'^?'^"'^^
    flowers i^=llH .
    umbel, umbellate i^ S. w^liR ^'^M^=mRi
    Mf/l (^|Sii M^(l Klst/fl 181l5l ^>Hl ^iMliASi
    5hW-(1 ^iH ^, n'-Q H^^^zm^ rTnrTar^r-corj-
    mb, corymbose ii , 3HI<1 ^^Wmi '{1=^'{1
    ^U'^l^il 5Hl=ll ildi\*Hi sti^Hl 3H^ SM^'d ^JiQ IH&.
    Hl^ clRl t^'fl V ^atrtmi
    ^11->H15HI RtHlPw
    i<lfl ^iH, 5H^ cini
    &4i;i
    ^^^ iiiH h1 ^<[
    ^\M^ li%
    ni H<1 ?.^-[u{
    ikvfm^ k(
    ^j-
    cyme, cymose i^ d.
    l5l{l ^IH, cHl^ fl^
    ^T^fffr
    3^
    ^-sco-
    rpioid i^ ^.
    Hl^ Pl<JllPlrt clRl <^<1 ^t^M^^^dlMi ct'ft ll-vHl-
    Sll m4 i^ %llHlHl =H^ JiA
    ilH d, cHl^ fi^
    3^3T^^T cnTT^ToSt-tbyrsus, thyrsoid i .
    il^ili^ ft'-l l'>l "HTO^-tl^i 5Hl^ $, -^H
    "^
    a'nCT
    ii^l ^^n\-
    raceme-corymbose,
    ^^snr ^t
    f^*irfncT ^Ri^FoSr-racemose-cyme iJcHlR.
    lL"il SH^
    S^i ^itKl ildil 'ft^ aHSi
    ^SlHi
    <H'^ <ni<5j5i 5HiiS, aHl^l ^CH'd ^dai
    6i ci^ft
    SM^ Mi^l '^^
    2Hl^C-li |lH g. M<1 H'^ft'HR 2^3
    Kls^i-O iicft 4^1, q(/a a'Hi
    @H-Ji^MM^i^ (k^
    ^W^[\f^\A ancii vnji ^irti 4?(l^ ^hl\ anicil
    ilH ^, aHl^-ll andC-ti ^Hi MW Ml?l ani^C-li IH
    cl(tfl*l
    (3M^l @M^ ^'49/
    Ml^ MW 5lliHlHSli IM,
    cHl^ Sicii i^i^MM^lHl
    ^^m"^ tJiT^R-involu-
    ere s^ ^. @o
    oft'^i^li an^l ^^"^cftPli
    <^h 03^1.
    invoUicel
    i^mn g,
    go
    ei^aHlvflni ^c-t>ti.
    iR 5Hl^C-li ^IH ^, cMl^ H^
    3^T^gI#^Plft
    j^TTW-epiealyx i^ . (30
    QtT-iHl "i^mi egSil,
    ^IH
    ,
    ci^
    ^JTT, tfRTr-spathe
    si ^.
    %o ii\i,^j
    rH^sHsii^ ^o
    (MV3) ^iMl^ -io
    (M3^9).
    ^'Hi, isii, Mictcai ^ iv^i
    =(lqi ^ict^i iv'Hi
    l(in^i2>li-chairs, pales, paleaa ^IH ^, ci
    q^jj-
    M^iaHl-tflQ^t
    ^IH ^ <i^
    qRTrT^f-glumes 5^ .
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    w
    mRqiim.
    (^)
    qixj-THE FLOWER,
    , ci<Hi ^<H^ ^(irq^-a complete flower i^
    6, d ^Ict^lrlKl PlHct ilHl i^^l^ ^ifM^H ^IH

    ^r^'^RKl ^i
    "5
    =tHl^ ^fsH ^IcH 4fl, ansl-Hl ?i
    Q-H-n^llH
    aJi wi'^
    ReiHK
    an^ an
    5
    o{\ffn?fl
    Hil ^IHS, ?ll^ H^-ti '^CH^ i|[3TI^SrfsfrT-clich-
    lamydeoiis i^ ;
    an^ <^Hi^ <Mili an^l ani-
    O-H-rt^ 5l
    tfi'^
    "^IM a^S ^<fA %lll ffJl^lW
    (>"Hl?(l aHtqi ^
    o\ %['mr[\_
    3i>l n anKl an^-
    ((ictl^ (l^ 'V
    I'^m
    ans
    oy
    anl^^ei aH^'-ll ^[^'S[-
    monochlaruydeous i^ ^.
    ^gTg[5Tt:r%?T-asepalons;
    an^l <^Hi :ii^HlH-clV
    ^W
    ^Icll 'l^ ri^ 3ifrI?:FgiT^5T^rf?T-apetalous
    ^t^
    3II^gj^?15rT-achlamydeous i^ ^.
    Hl^ Hl'H
    an^ aHQ-H-rt^ ^l
    oi^7{ ^%[^. ani
    t>{lt %tl8l ^^1 ^mi ^IH ^, ^i^ cl^
    ^TITT-
    f?T^3Tf7^I^-periantli i^ d.
    f|[5Trcfr?T,
    ^rSSET^mt-liermaphorodite, bis-
    exual S^=llH .
    <V ^C-IMI
    aHi "S hHi"^ g%^^ ^IH
    M<3i ^%^U
    ^IH, cHlX
    ancii
    ^41^
    ri^55-male, staminate-
    flower i^ ^. an^ Si?a (3^ <^ ^siHi
    ^ Ir^?:
    ^st^ JIT^T^^-female,
    pistillate-flower i^ .
    aHicil
    tn-^ aH\i4
    ^IH ri=li ^St^ ^ij^^-neuter
    S^
    S. Ml^ llfcT iRQJ^d -H^ an^ lll
    ih
    o{l<V
    Mf.l -H 5^ ^l"^ cHl^ ci^ mi5--barren, sterile;
    H^
    'HliV Ml i<l ^f's cHl^ snST q^T^THre-
    fertile 5^
    d.
    l;'--tca
    ^?: an'^Hi
    in^r ^im, chi^ fl=ti ^^li ^h-ai
    rl ^4^m(c1 t^^JHtcTt'SI-unisoxual, diclinous
    i^'-ilH ^. wMl^
    q^:
    an^
    m^T 'f^i
    ^h
    <tr ^'I^mItI
    M^ <^i[ <MSi ^IH, cHl^ nM^ w^K an^
    111^^55
    J:^5T ^JI^TfrTI?:
    ^\
    3J^-
    mona?cioup; wi'l
    wHl^ ans q4%M[rtM< JT?:
    an^ "(I^JM^
    WT^f '^M
    ( ^i
    (T/
    (r>,lctr{l
    )
    (s^c{|
    5>j^^ etrl^^CnHr: ii'
    ^Ul|$l <r>J5i s^ti aHl^C^i ^IM, cHl^ ci cW^^^lfrt
    7{K
    an^
    nifI
    <^^i dioecious j^^iiH S.
    wHl^ aHi
    IV
    an^lHl o9<l <53fl ^W^MfclM^
    T^,
    jir^r
    an^^
    f^irtcfi^T "^r
    ani^c-ti ^ih 0, cHii
    cl'-li ^il g^3n?fT?I-polygamous i^<HlH S.
    <^v5-v'H Od^ui aH81Hl i^MC-li 'n'Hi MH
    an^^
    <lM v ^St "Hi^
    ^l^RtJJ Ml^Ki ^Ml'rt^ 5V , MiSi
    ci ani H^Hri MH S^cli |M, ^^l
    a^^
    ^"Hl^i Hi^ji
    ^^-wHl^ aHjs
    T^i^
    x^'^M'li ctdl (H9il3ll aHlK
    an^ll
    (an^ ilfcian^l) ^i ^''A^ V^ii
    ilH, cHl^
    cl'Hi anSliPl ^t-free i^ $,
    an^ ci'{l ^t^w-Hl
    MQJ
    Hl"^ '"mS =li^M[rl>il<ii S^i ^C-lMi ans ^\-^
    (|lHcHl^
    d RiajcT ^^Tl^oSf 3Tfr-definite in number
    i^^lH d. an^ wHlX ciHi S^i anai^i iiKiaH^iirfl
    ^^ITcII^-symmetrical, isomerous i^ S.
    <^t-aHl<l ^cHiaJii %IM ^vmmcai (aH^U Ji(n
    aHoliHmi
    ) 14
    ^''^**i H14 S^ V 1 M an^l ^(H ,
    M^M
    ajisi
    J^q^TU
    ^I^-calyx, an^l an
    ^iq^f
    itfcianSli
    5?q^igT ^^f l^r-sepels i^=tiH &.
    5i M^C-li
    anairO sAf.^^ci
    ^^^M^ ^'^ "HH
    ^^\V^f^K ^i^r-corolla, an^ aH"5iimi itpi-
    an^i qf'^^^-petals i^qiH d.
    stamens,
    an^
    ^ "^^^["{l ^ai d
    Y=^i
    ^'^ ''i''
    ^"rljH^-pistil i^-HlM , d i^lH ^.
    (f^l-wHl^ @M^ i^C-ti ^C-iHi a>i3li ^jA-ii "iliJ
    Mi^J
    anoHi il(da>i3ll ^>IH ^idi 't^O, ci^i
    M3J
    \mi[^[ <n'=(l aMi ^->Ml hi
    anPl a>il5i^<{l ^icft
    >{% <H[\ anni liCH aHJtHl d^ti an^li
    |5rqfffsr^:sc
    (aH^^H)-irregular i^<4iH ^.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    mRqiihi. \-H
    (!;R.-5^qRIir^N-
    calyx 5H^
    J^Tr*'!??!?:-
    ^rq-corolla, ^mi sfTglFcI^igTR^^i^-pen-
    anth.
    ^(^H[ ^IH ^. ^iW^-lR cidi M^l-sepals ^tjii
    ^IH ^, v^ini "itijR'ii 1d5(l's ^i'-'MM'-il ^=li,
    ^51 i^ . Ml^ =IH^m(cI ^^^(cl ^'-dfclHi ^;<i d,
    cHl^ SHl ^Wni ilfriaM^ll sHHIi^ Ml'^il^il (H^'k
    <f/
    . 5H^ Ji'^M'ni'll'SmKl Ml cl
    ffv^-iiH <V [yf?l (oivH
    ci'-d ^ci 2HI 1hh\ mii ^a ^hrI shi^ S,
    Mtii y^ci^i |si s^i, an ans (r/inPli lic-tii s,i-<^i:)
    ^Hi ^IH, =H^ ci ^(S\\ 5{is (V a^^l ^ ^M "^"llctl
    ^IH, cHl^ sHlMi^l 5HPl^ ii\ ^i^l nH ct^
    ^rsn-
    ja?3Tf!^w-perianth s^ S, i^ an^i ii(ci5H5ii
    i^cti Si^l <HH IIH ^ 1 ci
    Y'^'^
    Mi>MilHl
    1^^ ? > y'^Mni'llllHHi n^l (^?l ? Mt^ ancti
    ^C-tHl 5l=(lSt41 clMl^l^ svlW ^IH cil 1151H M^^
    "I an
    lH'ii
    i^a-Wl
    aHt=ll ajiail^l SHi^l Qll'l (Hlivl
    an^^l (HRl^fl
    '^m
    ^ilH^ll SH^l
    ^^i^, iS an^
    &M-Sqrv-3T5rR #q sH^ ci'ft Mi">nil5iirn ^a^rit
    ^l'>?J a)il rQSi cilM^tit^i ani^CHl S, ci sv
    ^l'>^l
    '^lHl'cl^^4cf;lH SH^ ^'^Mni^'SL'4 aH^ ci'tl aH^llKl
    Hl^ 3qri--^??t? ^-{l Mi"^il5Hl lllil Hl^l MQl
    rSiJiSct aHlK ^>5iH5fl ^IM 'S, cHl^ Si^ii "Sl'i^
    3Tr%lTfJ-tir^^r^RIo5T-monopetalous, ga-
    mopetalous; SH^ Ml^ ci'ft "i'--fl Hi">HilaHl
    ciM ^/l ^iH S, cHi^ 5i ii'A
    f%ffTfj
    qt'^^'r-
    su^foSr-polypetalous i^ ^.
    wHl^ Mi">Hil5il cl((A^?(l kili M>31 ^.ilHC-fl ^IH
    cHl^ ct^l 3iH ciqi aniiR ^IH, ctlM^iJ an vlimc-ti
    <*IRI^ frsfr-tube, an^ MlMilS^Kl "ilJAdl ^dl
    <MlSil^ ciKl cA'-Hl\J^ 'flliicniy'
    ?iv"^ ^TcTT-teeth,
    'wf^rsrr-lobes, ^mi ^r^^r ^^r^fr-segme-
    nts S^ . Mi^HilaS^l <wHl^ dOh'l '=li^(l
    llil
    ^ilHC-U ^IH ^, cHl^ ct yiHRiji ^ci
    ^<ni
    ^
    ^IH aJiH ^"^IH
    ^, Mi^i cianl^ anl
    lill5^l "^n <^l^-
    jA'-fl clMl^Hl^ ^, IHS H'i^M(ci-ll H^i aHi(a-^r-H>li
    3HI '-nRct H^ anoicH'd
    S.
    5Hl=liaiti ^Kls^i M^ <^41 ^ci SHi^C-fl |r ^ ct ^at-
    Hl^
    J^TT^qfcT?: ^T^3
    ^t^nr-tcstivation S^ ;.
    Hl^ 'iSl'ft Mi"^ilaHlrQ
    1R
    aM5
    "{125<{1"SR ^l?i
    valvate; an^ iSi Mi'^ilaniKl
    "iR
    a^lSf 'Hly
    i3M^ aniqC-U |iH
    ctl ;jcr^RiK-inibricate i^
    ^. svl Mi'^MilSilrfl
    1R
    'aHJ^Kl "il3 =l5ln ^IH ctl
    ^tsf^
    gfoSaf-involate,
    an^i ^ ri
    <^U\'^
    "llg
    VhiQ. ^IHcii
    ^rfR ^^cfr-revolute i^^lH .
    wHt^ S^i Mi">Hil Ml^Kl {l2i) Mi^Mil Im^ a^s
    "ilg?ft ani^C-n ^IH, an^ ctKl *Hl5i) ^183M^
    MWHl <Hl2i) 4i">Mil ci4lM^ =Hl^C-fl ^[% cHl^. ci^
    ^Iir'J^rr,
    3TR55r^^T-twisted, contorted i^ .
    4rVS-wHi^ :^'^Ml9-H-ct^^l'^^l ^Whl ^H'-M Hi^i-
    n^l QiRl 'itfU anstqi i?J3l(ffl ^'Hl aHlil^^l
    ilH,
    cHl^ ct
    ^^r
    =*H2l'=tl 3JT55T^^r-tiibular i^<HlH
    an^l aniiR aai '=(ii aHlcil >-Hlll^ Mta?ii
    ^iH
    cHl^ ci^ gir^r^-campanulate, bell-shaped
    s^ $.
    %o
    HlJiy^'^vil'li ^C-l. 'to
    (^m). wMl^ an
    In'W
    ^'41 ^i^itni Miiwi^ 8ty cH3i9t3i siica
    iy iiil ii^lHl m\b ^-^Mldl ^IH, cMl^ ci^
    ^^J
    ^ s^irat-urceolate ii
    ^. Hl^ an
    "Si^Kl
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    It nfioiw.
    Si
    >I4^
    g^I^T<:
    5Hl'-il cTr^r^[%^r-rotate,
    stelliitc i^
    '5.
    Sm^^i mu ^si^Hl 1 iital <^^i ^iH, cHi^
    Si;^
    ^^^1' ^ cf^^^^lirsft-liypocrateriform, sal-
    ver-sliapcd i^ ^.
    @o J^ioi, !" rh^ wil^a;
    H^-ll Mld (HPl^
    (
    3l>i ctl ci <H131 R<JllPw il
    =11
    2H"iQcl ^l cilHiJi
    ) 3Tg?l5r-limb;
    an^
    ^^aM
    MKH'li ^ll^i^ g?3- ^mi iT^-mouth, throat
    i^ ^. wMl^ ^i^il^iirU 4a[l r{\2i^i (HPmi mhs\
    aHHHHHltffl
    iw ^ ct aH^^^l^l'tl ^'^(I'Hl %lMli
    4%l-<lHC-ll ^IM, cHl^ d^
    noSofl^^r SHISR^-
    infundibuliform, funnel-shaped i^
    i.
    <Sr(J-R?TffR^;i[ ( irregular
    ) J^TT*?!??!?:
    Si ^I'^rii ijv-Hrqj!^
    'dSi ii^li^i Hmi Mi^Hi
    :-
    i
    --1<3J
    Mi-*MilsHl ^54C-tl ili'ft Mi ^M'^i ^Ici <rn<lMil
    bi-labiate, two-lipped
    i^ .
    o
    <i$lR;(l,
    o^Hl^ "1 ^IS i^-Hl
    Ji<^Ml*H-rt^ "^I'-t^idi ^C-lrfl
    Htfflji
    [yi!^
    Kl^tc-tl aH^iHl @MC-tl ^IS^ rt(cail?(l aHl'lui
    KlS^ll ani^stl QiPl
    (
    ctll^-palate
    )
    ft ^-<IM^
    ^IH ^, cHl^ aM^l
    3Tf^^T5fr-3fT^^r55r-perso-
    nate i^ d.
    Hl^ (3M^ i^C-n rlt/fli-i ?^(, Hq @m| 3H^
    li4^
    R^r^fr-^rg^rssr-ringent i^ d.
    Sdi c^i5^l
    ^iH
    <r7^i Sli Kli^iJli ^m g, ^^^
    s^;)
    ^T?T^r ^SIT
    3r"^ ?I'^55RTo5r-apurred i^ S.
    o
    ^11(41^1 ftn'>*i'HU'i(^c-t .io
    (13), 5ic-i^^
    9tPRi Mi>Mil @M^ ani^^n ^iM cMi^ nr^n^rsst-
    *H-ct^ "Si'-i'fl ani^fciMi^ m4 'ii\ aniM'-tl^i ani^'Hl
    ^, d:M>4l Si^irii^iyii;
    (^(jtjq Mi^MilSiCHi'Al ^'Hl-
    aHMlHCHl
    ^,
    civ ^li^li j^l'd Ml'^Hil'^Hl aHlSlR
    lamina, an^ MK'fl iliil <v"-tl ^^tKl Mi">Mil^l
    '{\=He{i OiPl ^^(^ a>iiqi ;5f55jV-claw-(un-
    guis ) i^'HlH S. anl'-Q Mi">HilaMl^
    *T^9T
    "^
    ^T^sTl^roSf-unguiculate i^ .
    ril MiiJ %tlHl-H ^rl
    >i^%^l
    ^H i^'^M'niH^lH'ti M'-tl,
    HiMil^li an^
    \ti4 sj^cii (ftjf.i oy ^x^W
    ^H^ ^i's[-
    \'\i ^IH S,
    M<ai
    ^^^dlSi Rati^ i^cti :!i^%lXl M*ii
    1
    o
    R.-j^g'^r-stamens.
    i^i'H ^d
    5%^?;^
    aMi ildil an^i^ti >A<^fl
    %ltf(l
    ilH S, ctH ?fg-filament i^ ^. ^^ ctjj^
    Hstic?! Hi^fl aHH-Hl^m^lHS, d^ q?:m^T"?-anther
    i^ . ^ M^pi'SiH m4 i^
    'J^
    ^rio5r =^tHi
    qt^r-
    (
    cells ) <Hl^l ^IH ^. an^l ^d
    SiJ;
    ^fg
    an^l
    q^FT^i^
    Hil^ 5hj(
    2%^?: n^si ^m $. m^pi-
    ^W'fl "llWilaMlKi m4 i^ Ml(AR3l'{l SliJJUR
    QisA a^suHl RV ^IM S d^
    q?Tn?:5T-pollen-
    grains i^ ^. an i<s/ wHi^ ^c-t (Hi
    , cMl^
    ^i
    "^Wiil @Hil d-Hi?(l <H^R ^:jR $, wHl^
    M^Plll'-lKl
    1 1llll **!&
    4125 l?l a>iliaHi
    ffi\-tlHn ^idl 4?^ cMl"^ M^W'^W^l ^ (HlJl SMI
    u\^ii(AlaHi;^ Jn^di ^iH, d^
    ^jfrSTfj-connec-
    tivum. ii
    .
    \o3-wHl^ H'^^l^mi clrj ^Idl 'i^ (t{l\
    M^Pl^m drjH^R^l
    aHt'-il til"Jl S^HIH d, Wctl
    iisj^^ \^
    ^ 5iH >irtm . "4^
    wHl^ M^R^l'4
    4 ^iH, aHt^4i dMi
    ^iv
    Mji 'i mn, Km\ ^<i
    H^^^
    STTt^
    3^^^
    =^^1^ qi5--.staminodia i^ d.
    3^^^^-moDandrous, an^ i^Hi
    ^^-Hl^^H
    H"5^^l ^iH ci
    ^
    jsR^gr^-polyandrous
    i^'HlH ^; sYHI ^<^i
    >i^^l
    aMS tHlr^i
    :mi1
    synandrous i^ ^.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Hf^< ^QllHl.
    \V9
    ail; aHl^-tl
    ?i*^
    ^I'^^ft IH ^,
    <Ml^ ^Hl
    ii^^^l^
    phous S^
    S. SHI
    ?i^^
    iWl ^Tl^^'ft Sii^^i
    !(^^yU
    Sis 'I'^U ^<<\ nKl ^^<Kl ^ih ,
    ^hh-hi ^

    i^^ ll$il(A, Hil>3.ll 'Hlfi'll H^'l


    (leguminosea?)
    g^Tj^g ;i"S^l
    a^M i^i^-triadelphous,
    pentadelplious, polyadelphous i^-HlH ^.
    tHla^ 5iS ^il'/li-fl Ml ^^IHC-ll ^IH, <?il^ ctHi
    :i"S%t^i^ qnn^I^-^^Tl'ft-syngeneslous s^
    . d. JH(,'^(lni H51
    (
    i>MlK5/l
    )
    og^t.
    Hl^
    (
    '=114 i=^^ "^ ^iSHl^Ai ^CHMl
    ) H"^^^!
    ^\.\
    h%
    ^*<i '^i
    ^^
    i^
    'H'l "^Si* ^-li"^ ^i*t.
    didynamous i^ . (|.
    rJ^lRrdHl H^i
    CHl'-ni 5H^
    '^ isi ilH, ^l^
    aH=i( ij's^t^l^
    % ^\^l SI
    HU
    ^SFt ^rei^orf-tetradynomous i^ $.
    ^, cHi^ ci
    ^^K ;^^^?Tf-exserted s^qiH ^.
    1 o^-q?:iTret^-anther.
    wHl^ MV1^14 dfJM^ SHl^l 5H^C-{1 ^^^ll ^m, ^m^
    cl^
    ct5RIcT
    M^Plim-adnate; 5H^ Hi^ M^W-
    IVi cHl rt(flHi?(l
    cisj^ ^<JVtct Sii/l ^^il ilH,
    M^RlW-innate i^ S.
    ^S^l^ff-versatile ii
    d.
    3
    Met Hi^n^R an JH%C-t <^^^^l MiSl i'cT iR<3ift
    ^iMi'cT irnH
    $, n'41 an 5^ mic-i Sis H'S
    iih ^.
    aas; ^il'Jl
    (
    S^CH )dl MlStS M^Pl'^l'-l'fl Ml4t^ dk^
    iy^ ci (3Hi , 5H^ ct-^l ans^ ctHR ^iHC-ft wm-
    sj?Tger-introrse, 3>i^ aH?(l
    (q^^ (j^n ct^!^
    @^1 , cHi^ ci^ ^g?^-extrorse i^ d.
    M^l3l^v 6>^li ^v ^ ^jyi ^^ icfl H0, Miai
    1d{li=lR a Hliy ^<l H^H Mt^
    ^IM ^.
    1ot-5^T%^^-pistil.
    li'^^^l iWi ^1^^4l TT^^I^-carpels ^
    <^l
    M^l
    HKl ??\'\i ^H^ SHliR MK?(1 H^i '^<^A
    podocarp si^-llH ^.
    (
    I
    )
    ^'t^^'C-nflra^-ovary
    an ^"S^t^^l
    n<i 5is>
    ciHi^
    srnf
    ^fsr-ovules ^m ^. aniR-
    oftay
    5h
    oy Hlta?^l m(^M4=1 'Hl'V
    (
    seeds
    ) 11H d.
    stigma
    an ^ll^^ri^-lSW ^t^ll^l aniH^ ^IH S.
    ci ^ivJ'-ll^ Sis ^Hi^n, Pi|, "S
    ^^^
    Sil <v^ SH^
    llW^R mM ^g
    an^
    rtX^^R aHLSR'i ^IH ^.
    ^(Irt SHl^^ ^IH ^, M>21
    Sis \P4 ^Ti^^^i drll
    sifHUinKl ans^i^WRi %vi5isi6
    Mi^l 5Hl(s "{1<V
    cil ci ^1^^^ sT'jjft,
    SH^ ci ^-^n-barren d,
    SiM Js^^llH .
    \\R.-^1"^=w^^i ^'ll
    ?i"*^H
    (Hl'l JTW^nrovary
    , aHi?i 5^1^^'ti -"iHi, 3l(H'^l'-l 1 "{I'V^l'^l-
    ( carpels )'{l >>Hl SH^ ^HHR:ll sHlfi^ v'iy
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \c
    \C\Him,
    Hl^ HS ^'H^li'd ^r'i^^Hi a>iSV Jl^'bl*^ SH^l'-tl
    li
    >Ml;i (
    carpel
    )
    ^IH, cHl^ ci^ ^C-t
    Qi^^^RT
    "5
    iT^^'T^^-monocarpelhiiy i^'HlH ^. MQi
    3l(JK'\l'-l ^IM, rHl^ ci'd -v>-Hl S>HUm Ml^ ^,
    tri, deca =H^ polycarpellai-j S^MIH ^.
    Mf^
    wHl^ !^TS^M ^iQ^'^tH (carpels) 3^^=11 cHl
    31(hUi^I
    (
    ovaries
    ) \\ix y<3ii aai *Hl<r'i %ii2i
    ^3tR JTflfl^I^
    syncarpoiis i^ $. a>l^ u^Hl^
    TVrf^m-apocarpous 5^
    S.
    lia-wHi^
    ^3^
    nvfi^l^-compound-
    ovaryd ^l\ ani^cni ailR "{l-^Kl
    ^^v^
    Mil
    Hl^ MS^ H>^[1 ^141 ^ilH JM^
    ^ct 5>il MiSlSni
    <tH\ ^sm\.
    n\i\<\\ <t ^m, cHi^ ^^
    q;^ qM-
    qioSr-unilocular, one-celled i^ . Moj wm^
    tHl^
    SH
    sr^qr^^r^r-plurilocular, several-
    celled i^HlH 6.
    WV-'^il 3l9lklH=llt/(l ^Tis^^fHi ^l'^^^-
    HfsiSiaHl Hl4 5^ -t^/l ^IH S, 3H^ d sXi dlcHil^
    Mll^ n^
    >i^
    '^IH d. Miii "SiC-fli^lR SHI ^RhsiShI
    aHl'm cidi y>H ^I't '^ilHSti ^IM S,
    M^J
    ciKl
    1%1^ 'tfcHSlSil ct(ca^(l Wis ct'ti d^l ^m -cj/l ^IM&,
    cMlX
    ct
    qg 5!fe5RT3?t^Iofr, 2hPI wML^ 5i ^(cHil.
    aai'ft M^ ani^C-li ^-^MHl %ill5l(l -ilSi ci >^i\
    ^IH MtJJ n rt[ca?l ^iWS\ ^IM, cHl"^ cl
    tTBTT
    Hl^ ^l"5^P-i^^Hl 5HM131 rftSi ?^\?H\'
    ^r^tiisMi Jn^iiHiHl ^m,
    M3i
    ci(i H^ hWi cidi
    ?i>H
    ? tcti ^IH ?4ifl *c|/l
    %{%
    ^\\ H
    ^5
    ^W, cHl^ ^ tini, ""JicaflaHl,
    "^
    SjUiailr-tl'-Ai S^-
    mn $. l>tl-H ^ci ^l^^i^dR-lMs^Hl SHXl'-tl ctHl
    i^"<'ll aiQKSlH (
    carpels ) '{I %1>>-Hl Jf'i'Kl
    <?/
    %1-u.Ht (/iH^|l ^IH &. a>iH ^iC-fli^lR ct (l(HM
    ^IH ^. aH^"Sl\JHR qToS^'ftgt^^i-penicillate
    R<HiPid si'lcni ^iH ^.
    11^-Wt5I^'0
    an;,^ <^ QtRd ctHUi 3Hl(i-
    '>{l^ ^l^c-ii \\*\ S, cic*ii3t^6rT3t^?ITT-placenta
    i^ ^. "SlW'-lU smklH'ii "{I^^JIH >tl5t ^h
    c-{l/l
    ^
    Pt| ,^^5/ ^m
    an^ Hi^fl'-IR ci !Ml(i,R '{li'-Aa
    aHl--tl ^M^ 1H^ M<^ ^IH $.
    wHl^ "i| MlC-iqi'ill 3l^l^l^^^l anS^ ci'O tXs
    Mll>iKl =^SR'll ^i^^ll^
    sHlfi^Hlsy CHlSic-ti ^lii, cHl^
    an-Hi {\<v^^H^ srf^-axile, 5h^ whi^ ani
    Mlc-l--tl(Al y^iict ilQll^mKl ^rd'O ana^rft oiiojj^i
    aHlfs^flov C-tPlcni ^iH, cHl^ dd
    ^T^ >(lv-
    %54iri parietal i^ 6.
    wHR 3i(HUiH>ii 5Hl[f.'j{li/ 3l9tlH'{l Mlil'O
    'H=^ ^IH , cHl^ cl^
    pj
    ^ j?vq^iRVfree-
    and central oO^^^l-i i^ ^, ^Hl'-il ^l^UlHMi
    ciHl -Hat^ti^l ^^ S ^[(jtl^m^ ^ic^^i ^tiqi
    ^Hl ^^^[ ^idi d'-d.
    \\vs-3TTf^'T5r-ovules.
    nucleus il ^^f.lH'-fl ci ^x^^ \{^, . a^l
    'A
    MiMKi ctHl '^mAi M^^ srrJT I^r^-primine,
    ^anadRq^ ?Iflrr^-secundine i^d. 5Hl(s-
    "{livO <v
    ffv^iiSi 5Aci[M'-?^ dPa^i ci'ii Mi'ft il
    MaQ ^[\^ ^IH d, c\ <vill^
    ^RT sNt
    ^f^TT^-
    chalaza i^ ^. aHdP^'Idi MJlcaiM^ M^ i^C-ti
    Mini ^ iy,2(>tfoj ^IH 'S, ci^ ta-foramen i^ d.
    1\<:-wHl^ 1^ <^^l
    \%
    \%\k 3Hl(i"iWPl
    SiVK \\% 5H^ ^ll ciPl %ll>i ;i
    aMl^^
    ^IH,
    SH^ aHl(iHlff'^ 5>ii ^^ ^IH, cMl^ ^'4.
    v{\^^}A\<tA
    ^3
    aHM'-ii ^r^-orthotropous,
    strai'dil i^ ^. .
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    HfiiHlHl.
    1$-
    rt4i HimiM^'i Vtt nni ctpJini ct^H ^'1 ^^
    iTq:^-campylo 'ropous, incurved i^ .
    IH 5H^ kS
    ci^ ctRriH ^IH 8H^ n'fl 5Hi?t
    ^^=(1
    g^^-anatropous, inverted i^
    '5.
    Mf.ll an^ ^k n^il =Ml>l-lL ^il "41^
    ^IH, SH^
    =1^^ ^IH, cHl^ ci^
    3T^
    ^^^-amphitropous,
    half-inverted i^
    '5.
    1.\{r-5^qT5IT 5'TTHJr j^qrr^R-recepta-
    cle aHU'-li
    ^^ T^sfr 5H^ '^sni irnsi lAii
    JWIT^JI 5^71^1^
    =H51HI
    ^55fT
    q^^-Rece-
    ptacle, torus i^ ^. 5Mi ^t'MUlH iiqi ^c-iKl
    U Hi^dHR aniyfl ctHcfl Sli<*{l, til, an^l^
    {l2i) ^ct
    \^o-H''MUlH 3HtHl ^^iKl M-S^fl 2<iis;i^ ci?is{|
    ^IH S, cHl^ fl^
    ^r&l^r
    disk, disc
    si Q. an
    il^Jjl aHi \MI{1, aHim Mli Ril"{l ^H, aHt'-tl
    S^n
    "^
    <'a
    2{-^
    'VHl 5HIM5'{1
    "^ o{l25
    IdC-fli nMl
    S, aHlHl ctl '^Jl-il Mi^Hil^il an^ ^j'S^t^lHl <=f^^
    ilH ^, aHl'-tl ^
    (
    Sfillil
    )
    'd 1R^^ Mi">Mil3il
    "^
    aHl53'-MlJ
    "^
    aH<{\ Kl^i 3l(HUl'll i^itniKl mI ani^CHi
    i[^5l aH">AQct
    im ^, aH?lcll sictll -ujl^QaHl-
    (
    an
    ^*iHl anf.^ aHKC-ti
    )
    H"^%l^l aHl=tl ^^Srti
    ^mll^l'fl ^-v^Hl 5V>d'4l aHlHl aHfl
    'nimi ^IH ^.
    wHl^ if^lSl'll R^tl^ll ctS'i -ciil
    anPl iil ^m $,
    tHl^ ci^ ^piiT'in-glands i^ d.
    ^IH ^, rHl^ '=H4 5^^ ci ^i'^M'^lll'ilH'ft 'l^l^
    =i'aM ^iH ,
    anPl imdl ^n ^ 4(/fl^i n ani
    <HPl
    IV
    1'J ^{l ilH $, aHHHl ci 51<HUIH^ H'A^ft
    ^^C-a ^IH ^,
    an^ ct^l aHjs Qiioi n'fl ^^fl ^IH
    d, an^l-Hl Sicft dv
    :(ln
    ct ^(^M'-Hl'lt^l'-l'ft
    H^fll an^
    3l<JtUlH
    an
    "i-^H q'A^Q ^i{l
    ^IH d. ani M^'-ft
    ^^Kl aH'-lHqirli ?:H[ri4[ zi^ ta^{. <r^Sl ^<iiH
    Kliol , ci
    ^5l ilHli^l :-
    lR.l-wHl^ ifi^iisl aHt=tl ci'lW aMl^yf ^C-1
    aHtlct. ct'{l Mi"HilaSll ^o <nio ^R
    an^
    31<hUim(1
    clJ.'i ^/l ^IH ^, cHl^ ci Mi^ilJHl aHl'-ll ci ^C-l
    'Wr5m(^5R*-Tcr-hypogynous
    ( i.e. under
    the ovary
    )
    i^qiH S. van ^m cHl^ 31<h!-
    <IH ^tt-free aHiqi ^\-4mf5iT^-superior,
    H^'H'ni^'lW ^ft
    an^t^l SfT^sjwfr-inferior, an^
    Hl^ ^'^H'--lRl SMl=(l ifisjil 'ml^lH^fl els'!
    ^1^(1 HtnM ^iH ^, cHi^ cini 'j5t anmct, mIm-
    ilS<l
    JiflW^niftf^'IcT-perigynous
    (i. e.
    round the ovary
    )
    i^^lH 6.
    wMl^ ^'^HHR'31 h\'\['(i i[^5l >i"^H<Ml'llllH'ft
    ifrni ciH <v si'HkiM'O ni^u-ii cifcani il
    ffJiii-
    HC-(l iiH , (Hi^ nwr5iqiij|r1I?T-epigynous
    (i. e. upon the ovary) i^^lH .
    aHl"Hi ^5lmi ci^l 31<h!<IH
    3TfrWT5lT-in-
    ferior ovary a>i^ Ji^^M'^il'li'^lH 3V^-5^n-
    snperior i^<HtH .
    l^^-ay ^^>ti Mi^HilSii ^icd 'I'-ft nni
    H"^-
    TftRi?f
    an^
    nvTr5rqilRi?r
    an^i (k^n
    i^HWi ani^ $,
    1^3-wHi^
    3qWT
    aHllrl ^'ctHl H>J^ 31<HI-
    ^IHKI ^1=1
    ^M^ ^ci C-t<niH(l ^IH S, cMl^ ci
    Hi^ JTWflr'Rt^rsfl-gynobasis, gynophore,
    stalk of the ovary i^HlH S.
    @o
    "^^Hi
    ejoi
    g^l capparidce.
    \^V-wHl^ ^5l>ti'tl aHi (HPl aHiqi aH^MH'tl
    R^l^il
    aJis oftiYt %(iSl Iil4l msjt ff^iilHC-ll ^IH,
    s/H "I ^'^M'ni^lm'ii M^i Sis >{l<in^ SiiahTti
    C-tlSl4li ^IM, cHl^ 'H^l %l^H ^MUHl^
    ^9|T-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^o "Mf^QllMl.
    cohesion ^i ^i^-s,
    an^ whI^ ^^l M^l ^c-l'fl
    Ml^ilSil yil
    sn^lH'di ^IH, cHl^
    r\^l 'ii^H
    S">MU'Hl^ Tr^5?r-''V'^lllcsion ^H Zl'H ^M^lH &.
    (^)
    ^^_THE FRIUT.
    HS<H (3l<HUlH)'il h?.<ii HQil "^^S^l^'-iiol iW
    ^^^
    MSH Hli'^ <^i&R Mli-Hl ^I'i, HI ctl \i[ l^liJ'^lci
    ^c-irfl rQSi
    ili ^iH cil, ct <?;5!^ ^'r^f-carpo-
    phore i^'HiH .
    IH d, cMl^ cl^ ^r^-simple \H i^ S,
    M*3i
    11H , cHl^
    ct ^2^-compound
    5j$t i^'HlM
    lf.[ Y=mi
    cl <HP^
    <v %-ti S"^IH S.
    ^i^^MUlH
    'Sltl'Hl^ H^l ^^l^l iVJ 't^H lfcl <MH ,
    an^ ci
    ^C-lH\ ^iSl Mil ^H
    '5, ct?ft
    an i^ijj
    ^(h;Ii Sii
    <HPl 3HJIIH ^. <I'4^"^'{1 ^'^MMl-H^l4^l IditlJ!
    (JiW 0^ ^m\m ^ll ^(A^l^l ^IH S, ct tn4 !j^
    H3i
    ct MlSHl M^C-li
    oy
    "VH^I ffnH
    6, ctlMiJJ ^
    an^'-ll lilvAl^
    ci
    X'^Hl ani^Miy >il^l/l SivT
    ^S^^l M"aj
    V=^
    ^liHl M^^li
    IV
    "n^ vtH
    6,
    M<ai
    vi i-si MliHl M^-A ci, clM^
    ^^ S ctl d'ii
    ctgSli MCt S^HlH'cil 5?<Hl 'H'^icl ^^C-tl |lM S.
    ^IH
    ,
    "4<3i
    svl
    VH
    Mijsm
    ^tn
    ?1-H^ ^^C-fl ^tH
    d, cil fi'llM^ aJlS ani^ft
    ^i[, ^H'^l
    \i{\\ foflrl
    ^^ inc-fl<^sh aHiMl JTV?jrfn-pericarp i^ d.
    gr55 ^^'U ^Uffin-epicarp an^ S^'H'tl di
    ^fM[ (HPl^ si^^r WT-endocarp S^ d.
    \^<:~!(C-i;^ <n6l^'fl Hl<5jSi Hi^ftHU 'tl^Hl ^ii
    ^IH &, ci^ qf?tr-wings(al3e) i^ d. Hs/otcl
    an^fl ^IM cil, cl^
    3ir^r
    srofr-beak. ^(-H ^Pli
    ilH cil, ct^l iK55fr-crest, 'Min'^l an^ >)lH -v'-Q
    ani^ft
    ^iM ^i, ci^
    5fj55srt
    siorr-awn m>IX s^
    ^. ^
    Y^^
    *t^l^l "ll'A ^H'-iHl Ml'I'Ai \[rm JY=ti
    iiMc^i^ ^iioj ^iH ^i, ci^
    "Jrgf, %W55-
    pappus
    ii .
    ?:i=r^r35t-succulent; shmi Ml'^ft <^'-ll, =^S*qi "S
    Jica
    <^qi ^i^nitni ?(t^i %iMi^^t iiH ^. 'Hlsi)
    in<ii !<*l (vMl ^%i (ilctl <%
    ci^ g<^
    aH>4'-ll
    5^-dry s^C-t
    5^ .
    <^ \4t ci-il ans^^i
    o{l<V
    MliHl MW^, '4lii'
    ni&l^ MUni MlcilKl ^5l @h1 d, ci^
    f^^RU-
    dehis cent, =H^ ^ ^l ^Ictl'il >l<?l ^d ^HMl
    ^IKl yil (HlM^ Ml d, ci^ arf^^I^R'-inde.
    hiscent i^ S. VH'^^m l<c-i Hi^ i^ ^hCh-
    l3o-^%ictica( s^chKI
    ?iM
    "Icil "{1=1
    ?i<nf'-H S:-
    ? !<C-t^i ciPll 'cl5ll H^H<H151 W aHl<Hi ^
    ffi'^l
    ^IH
    an^ ci(l M6l^ ^"^i Hlctt/fl MICH IH,
    ci'-ti :(C-t^
    T55^T^
    <T:55-berry 5^ $. ^ 5i^4>ti
    ci^l >lM<>tl3l Hl^ cl?M Mll/l 31^1 ^IM, cHl^ ci'tl
    5l Pl<Hl3l ^'S mi IM, ctMi 'Hm^^ 'Hm
    ^yiHl^l
    ilH=H^
    5Hf.^^l <HOl Hl^daH^Kl <^^T JJ'^l =(lH<i
    3HlHl ^1^41 iRlHl <V^l yvct iiyfoi^^l ^IH,
    Snqi
    x^-lK g^scT qj55-drape i^ ^. anwi ^'H'ii
    wHl^ '^R'd HlS^i y>>-ct iftAMl IH, <l^ ci^
    sfoSiraTorf
    'Ko5-stone-fruits 5^
    d.
    aM^ Si
    %\i i\mmi ^Vi
    '^'V ^IH <?ll^ ci
    JITCT,
    nrsr-kernels aHiHi sfi^T^f-pyrenes S^HIH S.
    la^-^ii
    Y^"^ ?i"^H
    lcil SHI ilMl^ S:-
    q^Sf
    'H^lHl
    ?JJR
    '
    -capsule, pod
    a5l ^rtiKl
    2\\ ft?iH viid icii iic-i^,
    ^mi^i^ ^cl cHiiiiHiHi
    ^(in, n&^'fl ^fl'i, ^laKi ^fl^i, ctcH'-i^'a'n <fl'i
    yi^iiC?;
    Ml^ '**t? ^cli m5ill, "Hilisil, H'l, =illl, aHl'Hl aH^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    HfioilHl. ^\
    >l5l
    <Hir[[\ \ii d. 5HI
    !<CH wHl^MlJ/l "tH 6,
    <H[<tr
    <M4R 5Hiq ^. Hl^ ^iivKl ^I'-M^-O'il Ml!j5r
    ^(t^Hl
    'Ji anUl (=i(Hl3l 1 M^ ivA H1<V M^l^
    circumsciss i $.
    nut, 5H^ 5H !(St4i Pi(Hi5li spRT^ nutlets
    \3 3-v 5{Sl^l iM<HPl pericarp ctMHi
    "{l>' ^^i |iH, cHi\ n^ M-^ sTrt^
    ^
    (rf;^)
    achene il^ .
    <3o ^J^sv^^H,
    4l'4l^(l, bM-
    Misi 'H^3cti5i n !<si d. no
    (^&M) 3^i.
    "13V-V !(<51^l ^\^H<HPl Mlct^ll 2H^ (^iil ^IH
    ^,
    ^'-ti
    i^'d^
    H<3i rsrm
    ^
    (tt^j) sftai--
    utriele i^, S. o
    JijjoJi
    an^
    H?liHi vc-t 5Ml=li
    i^niSi ci M"^ 5^51 . no (v^m),
    sh^ (v^sv)
    3^i.
    13\-^ X'iC^ SM?1 1 4i">H ^^=11
    ^il itH
    ^,
    ct'-li
    \^?. qf<sll^ (^F^S)
    -samara i^ .
    o ^i^cQ ann
    5ii(|iii =^;^^Ki \^ sHmi ^m
    l3^-Hl^ 3l^"SlH-carpels
    ansp
    skhI^ih^I
    <M?l <mSl IH $, cHl^ n ^iHilMlQi <rts[ TvlfJ
    >i S^'il^^ 5fl^0T-sutures i^ d, a>i^ wHi^
    ^a'-laiMRfl Hl , cHl^ mi
    V=l^ ^f^ (
    4<^(l-
    Hi^ Qi5i*-fl ^n.'3i
    4<3i
    )-follicle i| 6. 1^c-^li
    -^^l Mil ^tH ^. So aHliilrfl "iiil, ii^^rfl
    a>ir-ii iiH . no(3V<i), no(3Mo), no(3Mv). og^i.
    Hiy, ^I'cC
    =(liii, Hi^ti'-a aniR'ti 'HJuni s^'^^
    ^iC-tis ^Hl^ 'll^il M<31 ^llT^lWHR a>tHlH ^.
    13^-sFnr-The Seed.
    ^rj^T ^;T^f?rHi iv^ ^m
    ^ih ^. n s^'^'fi
    anS^'tl M^HfHl'l pericarp HI aH SMl^cni
    ^IH
    H't^Mpl-angiospermous-plants s^ S. "^dstli
    =t'iR:M[clM['ti H1<V nM ^IH ^, "S^i 1 d^l \^'^i
    iM^in-pericarp ^icii n^fl. aHi^l <Hl<v "^i-c-ti
    Hn=iM(rl-gymnospermous-plaats i^ ^.
    ctMi Jm =H^'-tl Sr^f^'l-embryo ^IH $. ani
    HcM^^^'-d *>{l5yKl anS^Hl Ml^t ani^^ aHt--il CHJlQtsi
    9t^lHC-(l ^IH , M(Jl ctHl 'H^RHI cH'41 aHlHl
    ^avn ct CHlil^ll ^Lcil 'l^-fl. Mc^^R <H1(("{1 =45^
    il"3ui !^=ti iiiai \m ^ ?^
    jnrsT ^h^^hi
    ?r^r
    ^ct^ JIoS?!!'
    q^?l-albumen, perisperm
    i^ d, ciHi Slili H$U i^ill ^IH $. tv y{l<J'Mi
    ^3[cy
    yqi MSR-albumen ^IH S, flfHi "{l<v^
    JnnraToSf-albuminous i^ . 0 aJ^^ii an^
    H(3;
    an^ ^Mi
    an Msii ^lai nfl, ri'-ti Hlv
    JT*r3T ^T^^
    ?:f??T-esalbuminous i^'^lH
    . So
    Hl^l'-A, ^5ij
    ^i^TanPl Hi<5iU "{liVMi
    @M^ 5^1 UMl^ H^l<^ \ H^dl rt vHl MSll S"^
    ^Mfcfil "{I'-.'ili an
    MSW ilH S an^
    IdStunRl
    ilcil "i'-d. '^>\{\ "{1<V ct?M Mll^i ^IH aH8i'-{l ll'cT-
    evtJlnJ"aJilH ^.
    lYo-wftsyrQ (>i^r{l aic-l 3l
    TAii tsi M^Hl
    <^^ft iiH^. ct^i^l '-H^Rni M^^ i:^^-testa
    ii ^,
    an i'-iai Kl<rv>ti ^-w-H
    ^IH ,
    ci
    n^H aH8t<Hl
    i|<3l ^IH ^, 1lW=<R n rj^rt ndia tH
    n'i
    ^H^l
    =fl'-ti ^IH ^,
    ct
    ^\
    ansiHl =l">Hcl ^yHl'JJ ^IH ^,
    ^IW=IR ci qHl^ mN v3 i^^ ^IH ^, an^llfcP
    HR ?iniM^
    ^
    1 ^i
    JjJcti
    --i['A'{[ Ml^a ilH S, n^
    ^i^"^
    ^ing-coma i^ S. anj^ni
    M^^IIcToSi'
    gT9f
    "^
    c^^T-tegmen i^ S.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    v<
    \(r<hw.
    ^IH S, ci li^GPl ^ro5-funicle i^ d. '^d'JdS'-lR
    Si!,
    \^ii ^<l ->HlH $. llfcl=lR ct Ul^n ^l^l/\
    Ji'cT ^*A ^M \ S. =Hr-(l ^ci fn^rid imc-0 ^na^
    ^R^-aril i| d. 0 o^Sii aJi^ii^li nk mii
    5,
    ci^
    M<3i ^N^r
    ffv-strophiole, caruncle
    j^
    6.
    @o
    $iwi3}
    no
    (30).
    ilH
    ^iH tH ^,
    ct im^ gi^^r-hilum; 5h^
    r^^ fg5[-micropyle i^ ^.
    viyi^ ct(l^ ^^ STTr^^-radicle i cl,
    ledons ^H^ ^H '"h f.si sH^i-Hl Hl^vM^Hi ct(oi-
    pumule ^IH ^.
    S, i^n nHl lic^i Hig:nf^pfr-ff^T-acces-
    sory-organs 6, d^ =t<4'l hl'iW sHl^ ^.
    tMCtI i^HlMi ?i--HA
    i^
    ciPl il^ C-tl3lc(l ^2(1,
    tVY-ttg, crfcT<iir
    =Ht^l sr?rnT-tendrils
    (cirrhi).
    5^ aH^il4 "HH'fl ildil5<i, >i'^M'4R<^
    H^i ^<^^M*ii 'if^ 3Hi=icii, 5>ir-ii rfgart "i'fl ^h
    d. ct^SHl %iisi aHt'-ll S^itslciTtl RtHlPld ^IH
    ^. clM ci 'ilH
    sHdtl 5l>l clH q(/fl !i\h ^^i MI3J
    ilH d, an^ 5? ^td^MfclMi ci ani^C-ll ^IH ^, ci
    H'1>m(ci^ 4iH i^^i tiO. ci <n> q^<3^ ^i}/\
    ft d, ci^ HlACniW^ Mil , 2Hl<Hl ci %ill
    ^U\h IVJ <MH $, cift d "HH^Mfct
    H\=rn
    >5U>
    MlM life) <Hlai) ^^fJM^ 2lil l^ 6. efl'iHiyil
    "wftSll ff^Hl iiil-hooks Mi^i cigaMl'ft M"^
    eW^Mlcl'ft q^:5-liold-fastS d, Mi^l
    ci cijjSii
    ct[
    hm
    an^ SHI'-JTI
    ^({^^[(Al ^IH ^, =H^ ci
    Hi4 S<1
    R^lPlct ^ictl 'i^\.
    IVM-WJTSRTf-thorns, an^ 9>tt-prickles
    ^li iill-thorn or spine d, ci aiii
    u^Ml,
    ^(votn 3H<^fl^-ll<ni 'Sil d; an^ Sis iiA-prickle
    6, ci H'1^m[cI{1 cH^imi'-d Kii^iJii rfly^i aHt<(l-
    =ll?il (3^31H ^,
    an^ ci H^ h^ '^'l^Mfcl'ft ll>Ml,
    MKKI iliil aHlHl RriSiI, aHiqi i^'^H
    'Hl^iJJ
    il'H^
    ^cf(l
    ^ -H-^icl }i'^M'-Ml<Hl'-'1^1r4lM^ Mt3J
    ani^sfl ^IH ^. wHi^ -Hlri > QMMl't'fl IRM^
    anl^C-tl jictl an^l'Hl ctSilrfl aHti|l aniaitnl^ ^iilH
    ff^Hl i^ . Sii Hd^Mfct^ m^il Sidl ^IH, ci^
    ^flT^^-spinoiis SH^ ii<n ^R, ci^
    ^\i[-
    ^^-aculeate i^ .
    W^-gioS 5H^Hl %5T-hairs ^,
    ci Hd^Mlrtdi
    %11HR>^ ^ci 'Hd^MfctKi cH^mi'-ft ScM^l tctl ^Hoft
    (Ttcl'll qitfl^l ^Ml^^l ilH &, cilM5
    ^^
    '^'l/l
    cl^lii =H^ 'H'imd'il ^ 'Hll IIH d, cidl ir^si
    ^^r
    ^oS-bristles,
    ^55cl gio3-hairs, w^T:^
    ^To5-downy, ^5 ;^ gtoS-cottony an^l
    ^^
    ^m
    grss-wooly.
    ci^ <x{wi^ RotlPlcl i?lll ^IH an^ cirti RoilSli
    ^Ml<Q ct^K Ptl'i ^^ll^ ""l^^^-ll
    ilH, cHl^ ciHl
    ^l^A^ Jlv;?i:^?ITnTcT-attached by the centre
    i^ S. "4^41 MlwlKl ll->HlaHl
    ^"^
    Sji ci^ic^l
    ^oflM^
    o\.7{
    "iiogan ^^>Hl lltA ani^CHl ^IM,
    cHl"^
    ci
    qtgtsrWT-plumose i^HR $. Hi^
    qm^
    cl(ca'^2(l IdC-fli ^llMlSii rftit/O
    ctRi'ft
    cTT'iT^rcfJTr-stellate i^ d,
    ^m ciRi^tcUl
    '^l^A'd [S^i^l an^llct. m-^[^l IdC-di'HR 5i5 "Hijy
    %lll ctlcAH ^ilW <f"J^
    clh'^ Hs ^\iii i4i(l
    ^r3"I5!r-scales;
    an^ 'v ^Ml-^M^ ci anH^ii
    scaly, lepidote i^ .
    IVVS-'-t'lRrMrcl'fl "Sl^
    H'SJ
    Si^H^Q ^M^RHI (aH-
    lH ^i ^^l^ MR'{I) c^rir-epidermis
    HR
    "ll'cT
    \i:?i
    3^nJT-protuberance d ^IM, cMl^
    clKi %lMl<ri gf^^-smooth S^HIH S. wHl^ '^ifcl''
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    "Ht^QllHl. Ji3
    "trWl =ll<a ci'tlH^ ^Wl -i^ cHl^ ^55^^!-
    glabrou&;
    SH^ wMl^ ili^ ^Kl %iMl/lM^ ^l^a
    aHl(i i'cT IH,
    MQi
    MlW^l^ft ^m H^lX "^l^
    "Vctl ^IH, <*tl^ a ^55^?n?I?fr-glabrescent,
    glabrate ii=<lH . wHl^ ctKl ^iMl/lM^ ^'i-
    SHldl @c*ft ^l-rt^ 5H8l^-tt V>l\?.
    XHlani SHWC-fl
    ^IH, rMl^ ct ^^r3?T^I55r-striate i^=llH ^.
    "it&R KlstAcU ^IH, cMl^
    ci^ if^raroSt-furrowed
    (sulcate) or ribbed (costate) i^ w*. <^Hl^
    h1{1 ^HlSii aniqc-fl ^IH , cHl^ ct^
    ^?:g3i-
    mwfr-rugose; Hi^ cHw ^im
    jyft^
    "nuiSii
    Mlc-ii ^IH ^, cHl^ <l^ igTSrsfrgTSifr-umbili-
    cate; an^ wHlX ^Ml^TlM^
    SHl'lf^ ^V-tdi ct "H^-
    "i^{[ CHlil S, cHl^
    ri4 ?3^?I3-scabrous h^
    rHl^ ct^
    ^T^ifr, gfr^^-viscous, viscid,
    glutinous i^ . wHl^ disi "V-Hl aHlJsR'll
    cHl^ ci^
    iTToS^^nJlW^Vumbonate; <wHl^
    cHl^ ci^
    5fra^4l^ro5T-tuberculate, wa-
    rted;
    s(^.[\
    %\^^\. snt^dsi^ ^h^ <hHi^ "^m
    'fti^isti ^iH, ?i^
    IV cl riii^Hl 5H^ %l"^rt ^;m, cMl^
    ct^ ^^5T3^n#RTJr-muricate; 2H^ wHl^
    Vl^l ^^l^ 5H<;[lSR an^ c-i3i(H3i hlf\ (v-Hl c-iiwil
    IH, cHl\ ct^
    ^fsr^gr 3^TJTraTo5r
    eciiinate
    i^ ^. Hl^ =Hii,
    ^l
    an^ ^iHl =tica %iMl<nM^
    SHl^Sll ^IH, cHl^ d<<l ^Ml^
    ^<5?IWTo5^55r-
    setose, bristly; Hl^
    an
    hi
    qic/j^
    ,
    :y^^^
    ^'scT^foSWrafr-glandular-setose; an^l si{
    anqi HitA'Hi M81ltai g.S'd ^1 'Hlii <HV|C-li ^IH, cil
    ci
    ^qfff 3Timgr55r ssft^jorr ^^icT^ToS^ofr-
    glochidiate i^HlH $. wHi^ Ml/l <v^l eti'-^l ^
    !Mll HlC^'ft
    V<^l(A2ft SHl^ Qi^lH{l ^IM, cHl^ ct
    3n# ^SroS^rSST pilose; an^ iv^l anai iHitflfl
    hispid i^HlH ^. Hl^ %lMl/lM^'ll Hl^A ^Qai
    ^IH
    Mi^
    M^il
    aHi ri
    ^tM, cHl^ ci4l %iMl<n rft^
    %Sro5^To5T-hirsute i^=llH d. Hl^ =ll<a iil
    downy or pubescent; a>i^ an^ ^l(/l ani^
    ^IH, rHl^
    ^^lofTSTISr %SR5^To5^-puberulent
    i^HlH 0. wHl^ aHJfti an^ ijl 'Hm ani ov
    (i^nSi
    %mll HI1 %IMI^^ StJlcll ani^CHl IH, (>\i\
    ct<l %l"Hl/\^
    %3r ^'scT^^TagioJr-strigose
    5^ . wHl^ ani ym/lM^ -i\n an^ isi =iica
    ani^sti iH an^ ci ci(/fi ?ittni ^ iiicai^ ticii ^^irn
    IH, cHlX rt'-a %tMlil
    JI^JT5fr%ST55^T55V
    tomentose, cottony i^^iH . Hl^
    aJji
    Mldl"4^ 4'{1
    Ml
    c-litHl ^C-tl an^ ^tflQicn HlfA
    ani^c-ii ^i*t, cHi^ ci'-'Q ^Midl griT
    ^gfr %gTS-
    ^T5t-wooIy (lanate) i^HlH S. wHl\ ^m
    ^1^1 "V
    iil,
    y'-Am ^ ^"^S ^IH, an^l rt ^Ml<tl-
    M^^d 4^ct -{liC/ft aniq ancii
    ^^^ ^yft ^:^i
    S^W H^a
    aHl'-tl aniil fff'^l
    ^IM, cHl^ ct^
    ^51
    aHl=tl 5?^Rro5r-mealy (farinose) i^ .
    Hl^ =llta aJiic-tl <nHl ihl ^IH
    "^j
    ct ani^Sfl
    ^tl^Ri^ ^ct "iHX ^liK 'iQi, ctlH^Sl -v Ml/lM;t
    ct aHKC-ll ^IH, ct4l ^^ ?iiaiRl ^ctl SMldl ^IM,
    cHl^ ct^ ^r^^r^'V-canescent or hoary
    ^ctl ftSil ^>Hlctl IH,
    anPl ciM^ Hq i^ aH<m <v
    ??['{[ Ml^i
    ^ffV aHl^{l ^IH, cHl^
    ci
    ^'^Jfrl i:*RI-
    glaucous i^=im S.
    glands.
    a^l <3M^'li -il^ll <H<H^M(rlrn ^hUH\ yi^fl
    i<tfl <y<\<\ i^cWl "SiSlli S^^lMl aH?lcti -^jiin
    Kli^ S, ctd aniM'HRi ani^CHl . anKl.
    ?i'>'-H
    ail^
    =i>Hrt ct
    $aji jiii y<l "S dlc^ '^iX ih d, an
    ^H-MMi <H>Hcl ciC-t 1 XpiH 5?^l sllll ^jy
    ^IH ,
    aHl'-tl ct
    ^}/\ M<aj ilH $. ci "llW^lR 'Hdii^fl, Mi^
    R^^ i^^ =(l'-ld ^IH . anicQ
    ^PmHI
    ^4 i^
    Ml'i'il i^'^H ildila^l 1
    ?i"^H
    Rl^iaill
    (3M^, ^"^M-
    ^ai^lKl ^imiaMl (H^, an^tHl
    Ji^MM^I, >io
    wjlo
    ll'Mi \^l an^ Mi^ilaitiKl ildilaJji ^ Ri^iSn
    h^
    ^iH S, anrfi ^um
    8ii^ ^[H ^. @o
    ii^i(lrii
    hum;: -io
    (
    ^w ).
    (^)
    ncH^ ^RW^a Oi^eti iltAl, ^icia ?i^Rlcll
    wi Hil ani^c-ti ti^i ui?ji, (V
    ^4 i^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ki
    H^Rm^[.
    widiaji Mlrt'41 A{\ ^ '-tltAM^ aHl^Sti ^IH . <
    'lli3}l?5i:i'il "H^l
    (
    Umbellifei-io
    )
    ni ijSfil ^^-
    OtPi
    (
    pericarp
    )
    Ml
    SH
    '^H[\ ^M^ ^IH .
    ^*l^r?T3-^nf^^TiI-classification of plants.
    '%m^\.m =l4^Mfrl ^li^HHi ^R:CliMi aHL<H^ ^W^H.
    Slisi dHi ^s^cfl Roti^ii JtMii^i ci^ 'Hi^'t "H^Mir]
    M(/(l <l1. 3>i^ci2(l (t^liJ" qn^Mfrl rj^d aMlca>>{l
    i^^lMi ani^^ ^. ^ R^
    ali| an^
    f>M=imi ani^
    IMo-cW^MfclKl aMi
    3ii?T-species Mi ani^C-fl
    rtMlM 'H'l^Mfct^ll, ^ aJii
    "(lu^ ancft ^^ i(/^c(l
    ani-Hcfl ^IH
    -5,
    ctM^?(l cl clMlM qn>H(cl?ll sMi
    %tlMl'H MmiM^ft
    @i1^ ani^iHl
    ,
    aa^ anlMiJl^
    [rik ^'S^a^, ani nnr^fct^i fl^ini mrtHi j^Mi
    an^ ^SUl ^3lMi Sm[
    %tlHRQJ V<5ll^l^ '^i "^^ii^l
    y^flHR <r/lfl iV^JlM, "Uej aniqi
    \\[xa
    ^l aHl^i^l
    an-i^^-t @H^(l "Mi^ftsM Wail
    ^,
    aJji ov
    H^^MfrWi
    {WMift@Xc-li3{lllMi Miiiy'^fl=lRsS.=llMi ani^ S.
    H3[fi^i^Mi =l'tR:"M(clHl oIIcT-species ^i^
    ^
    ci
    '^^i
    iWM cv^R'i^. anitHHi Mo ?fl
    \oo
    ajili
    aniM"^ ffvtWaM, cil Si Ma^i^i
    "^
    ^lan jji^i
    Sjj,
    ^
    McWi ^, ^M aHRi^ Sils^t ^MSJ ^li/lail
    W5l.
    ^M<v -^ftVilHi ^H 8(1 Mo oilll ^W5i
    m, ^'4^
    ^
    an M=fll "S Matl^
    ;aili aJii oy
    (McHi $.
    <*ll^
    aJi^l ^ci <v Hn^Mict'll anj (4125;^ yi^fj (^
    M^ldl
    anincfl ^IM, ci aMS
    3ircT-spccies M^IH ^. ani
    l>HCHlMi ani'^iini U(Ai ^llll Mvil^ 5i5
    (jtrt an^
    "(l"HVlHi ^H'Ai 3i[li M(A1^ ani tHlsi) Win
    aJiM
    IM-t-trrHl"^ ans <rtrl<fl ^v-Hl'nH qn^^Mffl^l
    ^2i)^ -Hl^ ^ct lit) ^li nmctMi T^fl (Vi^iy
    ani^ cHl^ ri, ct <^<Ml %-variety i^MlH ^.
    ^ a^l-Hl *isqi'/il -Hn^Mfctdi <H\'Mi'-(l i^ll
    ^lMlU4i iJU, 9iS oy^-li <V
    11H 5*<l\ an Kf. ^J^i
    Sl^r^-raee ^HSilH 6. anj a-^cl'ft =irt^M(rHl ^^-fl
    ^n^Mini^l hMI^I JsStM, iia aH^l-Hl anivllSfl H'S
    ii\i .
    M<3i
    anJt ilii;^Pli ciHi^i ^i 2lij,y ^^i
    "{loy^ft 5ny"^il ^
    Mi^l clMi anii^i -vHJl a>l
    <>{l<JVMi(l ^<H ^IMHi iilllMi, ^i'ft <>{l25 -tdift
    ^icA'^'-iiHi ctni 9{z nMi nfii, -v'-ii ^'S
    <^^ w*.
    Sii
    -"{^-"H^ iftrl Mlctmi "{l<vMi?(l Mlrtl <v^i
    <^
    IMl-wMl^ 61C-1 ^HlMi "Vi^lHC-fl ^'l^Mfct'ft
    W#r-species
    (
    anui^ 'to 0,0 00)
    rQ ^jv^
    Ht^
    v^l^l ^, c?<l^ anldC-fl^nHl HH^irMfct^l cHi
    "H^ffs^iJi ^3R
    a)ic*Hl%t
    b?^l, aHi'-tl an S^5^
    a^?
    =r(i| niM aniM^, an
    m4 ^^"^st &. ani ^^^;-0
    g,^
    S^-Hl Ml^ fsfifT^^-Linnnsus niMdl (=tdR:Mfct-
    ^U^dl [mcII
    )
    Ml^^MlcH* ctT'-l^Ttl'l ^i ^"Hli^J'-il
    c^l^!s M^ici ?iiHl ii^ . anPl ct q mi^h iM
    =l4^M(rl{l ^v-Hl^nH nfil species 'V aHi
    H\25^ H'^ Mcncfl ^IH, an^ {lji! H^fl
    <rnai?a
    ct 03^ MicO
    i[%
    5i^
    ivtctl^
    (
    aHi ^\^7[ M'Acfl
    ani^ aH<l
    tr^^m ^^i[i\^
    )
    aMS
    iHR<^ ^IWV
    ( substantive )il>l a^iM^ ^. ani^ :Qcl
    anj
    niMKl a>is^ ^ m^p "iHl <rlctl^l Ml^l i^^l
    ,
    ct ivlcll^ ^IM^ ^ci
    aJjis
    ji^^-genus i^
    . aJi Sis lHR3i HlM ^4"*^l^i
    (geiieric) ^.
    an^ aHi <v 5:jq-genus MlKl S^i
    (
    "^Ml^
    )
    ^Tfrf-species
    aJ}
    <v
    ^
    j^-oenusMl'd "{la^i
    <Mctl?(l
    o^fl ^ln"H=tl^ Ml^ ct 3Tra-species ^
    aJti R^lHi^ etau^^iMi ani^ d, ci
    nrtHWi
    rtm
    specific-name i^=llH . cHl^ ani iiMli^ iVs
    STRT-species ^
    (
    -Hn^MfrlPl ) i ^ini^ aii
    5II^1rm-Botanical-name anMlH ^. i\b
    *
    Ml^drl aHli 'W^'Hft^Tll'Hl'H Mlil t't*M(ct'll
    AlH^l^t yi^l ctH W cifll aniil'^l d'H^'fl B^ ^ili^W
    4"^a
    &. SH^ ^ilMl ='l^MQt'li ^ll^r^i ^'^il Vi<
    Mi-
    ?iwi ywi w\i m4't5Hiiic-ii5,i?> ^^n, ^^*, hii^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    {(^QlWl.
    ^i
    grr^T-species ^^i . <^H^:-'HlHH$lrtli
    <ulliR-Hiptage madablota
    SHH <^
    i'>i?ft ^^HiH^i ^, nni M^^ |^i y=Hi
    SH^
    rl$il3[l
    Si 0^
    (
    H'l^Mrrt) 5n?T-species
    aHi
    oy
    55^-
    genus ( cleome
    )
    Kl , il^ l-^l^
    n^fH^llH-cleome simplicifolia, an^
    ^-"^^yft
    n$iei?[l'l- cleome viscosa a^H c-fH=tRi
    IMa-ani^l -flcl jj^T-genera ^l ?iJlH
    tH^li^l. ri-il ^-u-Hl Mi^J H!|
    !'/
    51^"
    (^m\ ^
    o o o
    ^i^iiril MlVSl Si 5/ ^Ri^i Ji^ii^i HSU <Hi^Hl.
    s^di =im^ M^Acii sHi^tcti 4rti nni liS^m
    Natural-Orders i^-HlHl, 3Hl<Hl J^S H5>\^
    s^is
    ^, 3H^
    ri m^ i^;^ 5isis "^Miy, ^ ^l^ ^rt
    ^^\
    ^I'-fl M^CHi MIJIM MlcHi ^r^^-genus cti rtin
    H^ft ^Hmi SHl^^i d. Sl"*Hitl <1^"S "^rlrll ^'A-
    (capparideif) Mi <^d nsi aniS |ioll^l ^l-
    ff*'^lHC^i capparis ^M ^l<H'ti "IIH <3'>4^?(l Sm^
    ilMl^
    H^l-i
    "IIM capparidea^ ^M-^mi 3>ii^g
    . <J<1^ aMi (inn-species ^^\^ H't^Mfcl (hh
    generic 2H^ grraf^-speciiic
    ( ""ii^'im
    )
    A\.h aniMHi.
    "iiHl d^ *5tsniTTft-classes Ml SllSH^i
    M^Hl
    &; 5H^ Mi^ ^cfl HouMi %tVm\^
    |i5^i::ii
    M11^1 iqi CHl3?ll
    ( <Jli^ ysiMrtl ^Hld^
    ) ri5>l|,tl
    quft oft^n
    Fh91i311 Mli-Hl MiHl d. Sii ^j^cn
    ^iJRKi ytSji n^i ^i^ll'll 'il^Hl Pl<SlRl Mi\^Hl
    ^^ gr^^HsJl-tribes, sh^
    ^Hi ^i<H>ll'fl ncll
    'll sv* 'iiU'W. R^il^l MUHl <t^ ^fliTfT-section
    an^ R<HWHl M<^ Mil R^Rl i^^mi anmi .
    ^iTi an^ R<Hi^i s^imi ani^sii ^,
    an^ -v Hi^-
    !3^ct iViJllH ^'Hl
    an^ MC-tl H^U^l
    ^l^a^lrl
    m\
    ^-
    T^iST^r'Tr-classes.
    ^JT*inTT-sub-classes.
    5^^T
    gjft-natural orders.
    ^T^jft-s
    ub-orders
    .
    giIT3Tr-tribes.
    ^snT:IT3it-sub-tribes.
    gg^T^-divisions.
    ^r
    ^^r?T-sub-divisions,
    ^vT^T-genera.
    ^Z\
    ^t^-sub-genera.
    lirTTfr-sections.
    ^3T
    raWTt-sub-sections.
    arr?ft-species.
    ^^-varieties.
    \MM-!^
    cn^rt^ ani <Hri:tMrrt'{l skW
    (
    HH^Mpl
    )
    ITTcTni-^'nJI-specific-character 5^ d;
    a^^
    aHl(a">Ml^
    aHK <t=ii ^n^
    5f#i-g'^5i-
    generic-character,
    an^ aJli ci^i {lt H^ll^
    anW^lfcT
    anicl sHHl Hi^'i'^ gffT-^'^-ordi-
    nal-cbaracter i^ S. a^i H'lRrMfrtKl tAn"^
    |4,<H'{1
    rt^il^ ^ni i?,
    ^imiaJil, MH, 5:l
    anPl
    ^iil'ft ^at'il aHl(i <iM^fl H%hi\ ^^ ^l S^KA-
    >HMl^ ^IH
    ^^fi**tcti "VanlM'Sll ^HHMi @cl^ ^.
    \M^-n'l^M(rl'tl >^l<il ^Rl, H'U, '^i^i anPl
    ciaHHl "fln R^IM fH(HRl, Ml\ ciaHHl ^'HRQl
    ^ai^iMi ct^lKl lPHctl an^ "^^l ^<AH <m\.H
    V^HHMi ^I'Wi^tl^li anmi ^IM, cMl\^ ^^tft-
    Natural ( ^nHui^l
    )
    i^^ilH ; M3J
    <^ (i^i'ii
    ^?^cfl %i<H'^
    \^c{l :Oct VMK^i :^i-o-Hl f^iqiH, lllili
    ^i^iM mii
    nani^ ^^[fs^iai an^iHi ^^'ti s^^mi
    ani'-n ^IH cil, ^ ^'^ni-artificial i^MlH ^. l>Hc-ti
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^^ tQ(Hl^l.
    siiperior
    ^i*i-ciqi qau:-
    =Ml^R(l ^nu^ ciH "Vi^ll^l
    dfe, ^M> ^'I^mPI'II
    (^?0 aHiyQ ^IM; ^^o tHlo ^imi M'Hl -^ii an^qi
    ^?.^c(l ^^Sii F-i^i'< biV'i ciHi 'j?t, yem a<i3[,
    an^ ci'ii 'uaii sH^ll^ MHJ~ <V^ Hsi^
    @M^
    'wm'Hi
    ^rm^vj^-g^^crrci-Dicotjledouous-
    plants
    ^?.
    i^^^55
    5Hl'-ll 3TcI^v^^
    ^^qfcT-
    Monocotyledonous-plants
    c-l">MlHC-ll
    ^.
    Hi^ji svtilHSli an^
    ^iQlUlM^
    CHl'lcni ^IM, jqfaicl
    V|di -MiSi ^IH; ifijil
    ^l^^iv s'^Hldl ^IM;
    >i^^^l
    f'tfkil aHiHl anRrkct rH-'>-Hl'-tl(ni an^
    lioOilo-
    ^t't^Mfrt'ti iiliHi liHi 311^1, \'U^l, c-iii| an^
    i
    inferior,
    anaicii l^oOilo^lHHl nfoflili
    ^R Mi^J
    ?iHl.
    IC-1,
    mi,
    ^HlS^l
    ^5
    Oii^i V|ii Mil ^11 d'-li
    ( (y)
    ^ ri^i^ cH^MfrWi ^^tKl NiMil^Hl ^.
    iMl n?(l,^M^ -^l-m M^J^-ft aMr<
    fl4l anftHr^lct
    , -fl^-monopetalous Siiit stJl aHiH ^il-
    a^^^liii ^IH
    ^. ^Hi MH M^i id ann
    Tjih ^(4
    *=^ SIHHI,
    an^ V a M M^W^ll ^IM;
    fw*TTfr"])olypetalous aHil<^
    '^f\
    ^m^
    :(;{
    ^
    wn'^^efl ^iH;
    ^'^Hwiililimi M?il ^di an^
    SiiaJil ans"^ \(i,R>ii a>il^C-ll an^ "{(l^l ^l^v^i
    (^41
    ^'^1.
    ^Mi 5ii^'i^
    an^
    HS(l(<H^=ift
    aHpl[^ct
    ^^'-HWr/U Mi^MilSiim ^di
    a^;!
    }\9i{ir{\
    '
    '^o^i
    >ioOiloSmr|i M'^tl ^M<v MIMil^ll Ml^O
    ^'i
    "V
    n*7W^>^^IcT-liypogynous ^IH,
    a^^
    | ^R ^IM
    Oi.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    "uf^tHlHl
    ^^3
    perianth Hi4 i<l 3 ?(l
    's
    R^tPll'-li^l, an^
    >i1W^l
    Mii n<4Hl 3 Hi
    '5
    i|lH S. ?l SHI ^R:clS>li
    ^ gWTT^I ^m^r ^I^^rjft r?I-coIlection
    and preservation of ])lants.
    CH5-jd ci'll 3HWI H^l^ nMRHl ^IH cil cl %ii*ll-
    sjg'TrsTT-speciiiiens M^S i^ a^R'^
    S'H^
    i'4l, clMiyHl,
    1, ?i5l<'ill Hl ^l^ 9icni 5^
    ^l->H=ll i^W^i, 1 <^
    Y^\^\
    wHl^ ^^jSi
    (Hi^ j{\
    ^^
    Tgn^Rt ^JTf-Herbarium i^ ^.
    51^, ir^T,
    ^ (
    ^StKl iil 5H^ (3Ml^ ^c-t
    ),
    'Tigj
    ( K'^
    ii^ 5H^ Mii )
    3{ ^w[ ^w5h. ,^q
    l3M^ i^'^l clMlM <Jtl3l Sib
    'i}i-[m IH qi
    ci
    IH, dH <V 5i (;t5m Qipi
    ci-u^^
    ^^^l j^:(|^ 5,^
    MH flm ilH Ml
    l^
    ri
    c-flHi ^m^
    a^;^
    'i^^l Mi^l llil SW^l aHl'-tl
    HiRl 311311H S.
    ^l^l 3Hiqi ^Jlni Jj-o-H
    OiPl ^ini SHl^l
    C-tW
    5H^ ct ani^^l d^^l ^l>Hl <lilH dM 't ^IM,
    IMI "H^ig i^ Sl^fl ^li^l,
    5l ilMl ^I8l 5iMi
    <^M <n^ ^IM visti Hlaisil MH eiHiH, ddtl 5t=ii,
    ^lui MW ^lil CHW^ 't^i-llKl %tl?l ^M^i. 5Hl^
    *Hl3i) HH^Mfcl ciKl SHl^a "ilog
    <33[l ilM, 5H4 ct
    '-tn^Mfrt "(Isi) S^di Rsi^iSJ aH8i--tl Sili^i iW
    ^^!^ir^l<ni '*Ml^'{l Sil^l, ctl cidl 'i^^l "H"^ ci 0/
    <v^uSi?(i -^bmh h\^[ mQ. sty ^ph^i. n^i^Mfrt'ii
    't?i'il
    '4\
    ^nni ^3li 'tfe, c1i5tl ml ct
    iil CHlSj.
    ^Hi ^ii
    (
    HirdMi )'ii siui
    0'^i(i3i>iM^ sHUHi
    <VCHfl ^^1 svctl 1H 2i<Hi :^l^41, ^Hi (tij*t '1^41
    l'4l ^=11, at^ 'H-^ HlQni^ a^lMiidl an^R Ml.H'il
    Mil?il <niHl 1 ^T^il Si'Hl, -vssfl
    'I'i'll Sl^l^ai'd q=i
    '>llfc)^ %tRl ^(l^l.aHl^l 'iii'll H^ CHl'-Q Q^ct y
    ctMl^
    ct iW ^-i^MRl S aHH rtijl i^cn^ ^ ^^^ ^i 4^,11
    ^iir-ii svlwSi, anPt ci
    'tJi'tiKl c^ft-tui mhi^i
    OY iin<aiti ^si^i-Hi^ si'J^c-ti ^m, ^ spicfii
    c^;^.
    mi 'nS^jtlH^il
    ^ya>l. t^Hcti ^'^ ^Y SCHliMf
    =4(41
    ^[^i ilH, 1 =Hlil aH^l&ll iW 3i?li |m^ ^1
    ^H H^ ctM Rli4 JjlHH
    ^i.
    ^'il^r-lKAl il^l^ll
    't^i'll il^l ^Sl=(l 'tl'>H=tl an^ ^il il^l^il Mll
    ci <V
    'I'idl Sl'^l-Hl^ ^IM^<HI, aH3R
    o{l3-t
    ^il hPi^M
    HiMR^ii. ^-iRiHi^i 'i^i'ti Hi^ii mn hiH^mi
    Rl->H<Hl 'll^. 1^^ ct i^mHi ctH^
    ^31 54^ ,
    'i'i'll'ft
    ^dUl^lluil iRoll ^Sl^tHl shWS},
    Mti
    n^i dill 4 iH, an^i^ =iini^
    im,
    fli rt lic-i.-
    Hl aH(?fH^ <n<?l 41
    St^l %i<Hl(a^ ctMl<l ^il
    =ll?(l S'-nifcl ^^^l, M<^ ^ aHft
    cit^i^
    s'^iej ^-
    fclfj ilH,
    ctl JiiiM^H^H^
    aH3R
    o{lm
    '^il^
    ^m-
    <Hi>-(l ci R^iH imh.
    wHl\
    -H^i^l clS1 ySlfc) "IH, cHl^
    ct itaXi Mlil
    ^5il iPicani ^[H^l.
    H\ C-HciqHl ctlt 'l^'il MctRl'tl <Hhi i<^m
    \^
    cioi^ wtsii Sliii
    c^-tHd
    Ri^l ^ll ^
    iltfl^l
    't^^l
    Heii "HHniwil ilM,
    an^ ct
    t^i.
    '>1^
    <Ml^l ^51H 'tfe
    cil citi(l MK 5iiM( 5^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \c
    \(km*i\.
    'tl^M^if, wtlHl "i-^li MH ^K n^l SHl-wll aniil^
    R^lH ^^il<Al
    HH^'uCfl-sncculent-plants-
    M^il ^Sr-tHl. m ciH -irc^ iX"=t ^-.?l ftl ct Sl'l-
    (AHi ^5sl'-Hl 6^1 <i
    Mi^l H^Hl i^^l ^H^ "Hl!^
    C-tl3Nl ^l^ 'iW
    ^I^AKI Ml^(l Hl=i'ft aH3l9i)
    ai^Q
    ^Hl-'corrosive
    sublimate disolved
    in spirits of wine, in the proportion of
    two
    drachms to the pint."
    (3)
    ^ 'W^MfclMi^ft'i^^l (l^l ilH 1 H'l^MfnHl
    ri^i^l
    S 1 cil Hl^ <i^l
    aiis (HR S.
    aHl<\ > =Hl^l H^'ll ^ilH <Hl^ ctMi 'i ^MltT
    (l?ln 6!Aw^i^
    aftA (Lable) 't^'ii ^i?l ^i-
    >H<<1 (SlW^i, 1 ^?a Ml^ 'l^i^l
    iVJ iR<^^^
    (SlHlHi ani^, ^l^ <l l^ ^'{l '^5!^!>rt ^'^ ^'^
    i^ a ani^l^ 5>il-5ll yil^l ^ISlll 'iMl. ^l^
    ^rft 3^i
    uiio^ (v^l MlcttAl ^'-n^l^ Sl^
    ^^^
    1,
    ct ^HHl My^ MI3J I'll
    -^
    13R i^Ml
    ani-
    iR^l -"-HrH a>il^-a <l^. aH^\ til H^jJ'll ilil
    ^ <3(Ml ilH l<\ MW'Al SIM ^Sl'ft l-HI.
    ^'=(1
    M^ >d^ H'V'i Rl"*H-j,
    an^ an^S wlHl
    Hiidl anijs ^sn ^blW
    ^^^ H^l^ <Ml<^ft 1 ci^-
    HlHl ^S^cft n'll--l<iM^ ani^R <iIh d. an^ a>ii'{l
    <nHct^ 5i siH h^riilTi ^M. ^H aH^(H'-t ^<ail
    nH d, 1^ nM ^I'l
    Mi ^ni
    <sA'i d. ciiMej
    an^ ^fel^H ctMl Sil^ =t"t ani'H'Hl^ft 1^1 i^atwfl
    M^ ffnn
    ^, ani n-^ iR^li'-ft "t^iic-i a^^th
    lMMi 'll^H'iR ^y Ml d.
    \^3-JydC-0 c4'>liv) Ml^miW'tl HlM'll HH^H-
    (ncll ^il
    ri^rii5ii;ii^H(4-Herbarium ^l^-
    ^l HlH,
    1^C-tl
    <fr
    m\-i[ (aH<'Hl 1*-(l
    ^<v '<Hl\
    MlM'il) il'li^ll 'l^'ll >ii'-lHmi -HlMHl ^IH, 11
    ^a \^
    ^atC-liSii;i
    \o\ ^zi Ml^l5ll ^>HIH 11 a
    ^i SiM ^i^ l<n
    C-l\Ji $. Si^ 'iH&l^l MIM
    ^i"^4i ^ih'ii, 'i^ni n'4
    Siiai iMi
    aniit Htjji
    an^^l ^l^Hl Ml,
    an^l 5i?ft -*^i^l tlM ^l-^l
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    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    3T^fk?T-Entire,
    zd.
    form, 'HI.
    3T5W
    g^^-Amphitropous, \\^.
    STUoST^cfr,
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    contorted.fe'^.
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    oddpin-
    nate, y3.
    3ICT\(7
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    XW
    .
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    \o3.
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    arf^mcT
    ?3r^^^-Sinuate, sdf.
    3?t%?lfjIcT^^5Tr-Centrepetal,
    vs^.
    3Tr^*TTl>'7f^^t3!flgi55T-Monopetalous,
    "a-
    mopetalous, d\.
    3Tf^*T5fr-Indehiscent, l^t;.
    3Tr^^T5fir
    aflWToST-Personate,
    (^6.
    3TltmT^5T^-Inferior-ovary,
    ^R.\.
    3^1:5^
    (H
    "^' ^''-^
    )
    Inferior, Wx.
    3TT.
    art"^,
    ?j^-Bud,
    IS.
    3rijfr qilOTSraT
    ^ToS^I^-Ciliate,
    3t;.
    siT^gT^STTffrT-Achlamydeous,
    ^M.
    arr^STT^ ^'TST^TSst
    g^^qfjT-Angiosper
    mous-plants, \3i.
    3n#%3ro5^o^-Pilose,
    lYvs.
    anf^^r-Pumule, 'iVa.
    sn^^oS-Radicle, iva.
    aTTT^'isi-Ovules, 11.
    autrnc-
    Alternate, 3^.
    gn?T3-Axilc, \\\.
    g'^rnr-Protuberanee, \YvJ.
    ^v^ nvT^^ra-Superior-ovary, 1^.1.
    ^srir^ ^oS^^-Wooly, \Y's.
    ^T^r^-Involucre, v9v9.
    ^l-^^n-Involucel, ^tt.
    T'^TR-Stipules, \.
    3tr-TtnTST-StipelliV, \X.
    ^Tyrr^ft-Bracteoles,
    '?
    ^
    .
    ^555. ^^ar^-
    A natropous, 11^.
    ^iRT^I^-lmbricate, \i.
    ^^ ^g-at,-
    Ascending, ^v.
    3VTT, ^>it-Erect, R.^
    ^^,
    ^i^-Ortbotropous, Vx.
    3^
    at^Hir'C-Obovoid, MY.
    H^nfl^'T^T^-Monocarpellary, 1 \^.
    ^^^55 ^JRTfcT
    Monocotyledonous

    plants. Yo, IM^.


    '^*3n?rT1-Unisexual, diclinous, d \.
    1:^3^35
    qiflJj^^I-Monadelpbous,
    \oM.
    ?^
    3l;^?::gi^-Monandrous, lev.
    i:w
    qra^^-Unilocular, one-celled, 113.
    H^^W-Pinnate, Y3.
    i:^^'?I3,
    ^if*-Annuals, \Y.
    1:WJ:^
    5T?T-Abruptly-pinnate, Y3.
    c^^T^Slf^^-Monocblamydcous, <. M.
    sf^I^nc-Oval,
    elliptical-, YM.
    a^^f^rr-Ovoid, MY.
    ^^^goSaVInvolute, t^t
    3R??;l^?ft^K^T^-Eujarginate, Y.
    aiag^-Introrse,
    lo^.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Hf^Qilmi.
    33
    ST?r^5-Nucleas, \\^.
    3Tcnft^3T-Epipliytes, ^M.
    3TrT?:r^gr^^dlrT-Apetalous, ^M.
    ^^gr^-Spathulate, VM.
    ^^7yr, ^^q^sf^^t ttjt, ^fm^f-Scales, ^^,
    ^5tr55t^ryt-Scaly, :i^.
    ^^^jfraToST-Rugose, V>(\s.
    ^cJifr-Raceme, vsy.
    ^cHr^^-Racetaose, vsv.
    ^^^5
    gT55-Testa, \Y.
    ^JM^I-Dibk, disc, Wo,
    ^iToS^^-Chartaceous, MM.
    'KTmrgi^-Crenate, 3t.
    *fTfT?R-Crenulate, 3t.
    ^fer^^r 3TofraT^-Mucronatc, Vvs,
    ^fsr^I^-SpinoLis, IVM.
    fjtfr-Prickles, \VM.
    ^ferWI^-Aculeate, WM.
    ^flt^^ ;j^n;iraR5r-Ecliinate, \Yvs.
    ^t^-Bulb, R.^.
    ^Fnft
    fJ.
    ^nr^-AuricIes, ViSr.
    KTRT
    f^^T^?!'^
    a^^^-Hastate, Mo.
    ^m^l
    ^5-Pectinate,
    yi.
    ^T^rf-Stolons,
    \i.
    ^5Tr^^-Urceolate, (^vs.
    ^fctpjT-Glands,
    \^o.
    ^.
    ^^qsfr
    ^-Cuneate, VM.
    ^i^cj I
    ^
    -Retuse, v^s.
    ^r^- Sinuses, 3k.
    ^mi^r^-Pyramidal, My.
    M
    '5ft^q;^-Tap-root,
    \S.
    ^fHT^tt-Saccate, di.
    ^'
    ?^oft3TI-Lobes, 3t:.
    ^;#3TRr^-Lobed, cleft, id*
    T.
    Til, JJ??Tf;f:-Embryo, l3iSr.
    iTjI^'rT, ^r3, qt55, r5i?Rrr-Carpel, \ot.
    nW^I^TrT-Gynobasis,Gjnophore,'i
    ^3
    .
    *To5^T^ q^S-Berry,
    \3o.
    loS'jfr^r-Infundibuliform, funnel-shap-
    ed, d^a.
    nvn^r^-Ovary, I'.o.
    Tflkl?irsi: ft^Tcf-Hypogynous, 1^1.
    nvfra^Tm^^Irl-Perigynous, \R.\.
    T*Tra'n^I^rrr-Epigynous, i^^.
    I^^I^ffl #3fT-Podocarp, Xo^.
    *Tri^^-Obconical, MY.
    life- Tuber, R.\.
    nfsRIoSr iJj^-Tuberous-roots,
    =l\.
    3
    3^Sra^ ^m^T55t-Thyrsoid, vsy.
    nrST.
    jTnT-Kernels, l3o.
    j
    Jlt^I^ToSr-Gribbous, &^.
    ntoJ,
    ^f55^T-Cylindric, ^M.
    fT^ 3^*TRt^ro5r-Umbonate, ^vvs.
    'floSf^TC-Globular, spherical. My.
    ^n,
    q3i5t?fr-Node, 31.
    ?TltiI>:qrTn-
    Inter-node, 3'\.
    ^S%^>
    iJ^^fJr^-Whorled, verticillate, 3^.
    ^T^I^nM-Distichous, 33.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    3)f
    MfRQimi.
    ^*CT^I^-Campanulatc, u^.
    ^.
    ^o5^r l?fr-Ghibrescent, Glabrate, lYvs.
    ^^fcSt, 5f^-Hilum, scar, \y^.
    ^q^T-Aril, strophiole, caruncle,
    \vi.
    ^fSRorr ^TlrT^IoS^ToJrrGlandular-setose,
    ^fift,^^>^-Viscous, viscid, glutinousWvs
    'sfi^j-Coriaceous, MM.
    ^f^T?:-Decussate, 33.
    ^Wr^jR-Umbellate, 3Y,
    gTrTSyT^r^r-Rosulate, 3,;.
    TSr.
    fgS[-Micropyle, "tv^.
    ^iriT^*t^
    "^
    iWlTiJ^T-Apocarpous,!!^.
    ^-Free, ^^.
    ^
    j-H>;q^5irtfr-Free-central,
    11 \
    .
    m.
    Si^^f-Herbaccous-plant, R.M.
    ^'fcT^sr, ^rcI?^,q^(^55r,'^r?T^t-Chafls, pales,
    palea), glumes, (^R.,<3.
    ^.
    513^-Aquatie, 1M.
    gtxvjrafr-Tribes, \Mv.
    ^To^^nc-Reticulate, net-veined, yo.
    ^^T^-Anastomose, Yo.
    ?n".
    ^T^, f^-Treo, ^M.
    iri^i-Sbrub, ^M.
    gRnT3 JTr^J^^fr-Tufted, ccespitose, ^d.
    ^Tfl^5 STR^i-Fascicled, fasciculate, i?..
    jr^-Apex, 3Vi.
    Jr.
    JTT^-Turbinate, MY.
    ^o^^RFoSr
    TlSf-Stone-fruits,
    \3o.
    sfesTr,
    iT^r-Claw (unguis),
    \oo.
    ^f^enr^rojft-Unguiculate,
    loo.
    (nr55)^r^^^a:TJ31Kr-Circumsciss,l3l.
    fT,
    r^-Stem, 1^.
    ^H
    ^*r3^^-Stem-clasping, amplexi-
    caul, 3\9.
    ^^f,
    ^%^r^-Cauline, 3<;.
    ^rs^-Petiole, 3M.
    ^rjT^f-Petiolule, 3&.
    ^rs^'t^ir i^flTm3I^-Digitate, Y1.
    ^nfRI^-Stipitate, \\.
    ^rfr-FoUicle, <i3v3.
    grra^f-Peltate, M^.
    rT.
    3g-Filament, "lo:^.
    cfgarr, SclR-Tendrils, so.
    ?fgi^?IcT-Adnate, loyy.
    rTToSg-Base, 3^.
    rW^r-Tcgmen, 'tYo.
    cTT^fft ITJl^T 3Tr^R3-Flabelliform, YM.
    cTWf;i%5Tr-Stellate, 1Y^.
    "^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    uf^^mi. 3H
    rfX.
    ?fr':r^r-Corymbose, ^Y.
    WOT3HJT-Te mate, 3?.
    ^rr^Slg-rusiform, Mv.
    fWlori^I^-Deltoid, VM.
    iV^re-Trigonous, triquetrous, MV.
    T%m,
    fk^iraVTrichotomou.s, 3V.
    I%Rr-Tri-pinnate, y3.
    fiiqsr-Ternate, Y\.
    BtTI^. f^rqfor,
    #5i^^r-Tri-foliolate, VI.
    ^W^^K-Tristicbous, 33.
    ^^^
    rj^r^-Triplinerved,
    Vo.
    ^^, 'TO
    "^
    qsT-Leaflets, 3^.
    ^R'Trl
    ?:iTfr-Glaucous, XY^s.
    ^?TRr^-Uentate, toothed, zd.
    ^m^l^j qr^lf^i-Falcate, VM.
    f[^qT5-Biennials, \Y.
    T5^^?lfnETt%-Dicotyledonous-pknts, IM'^
    .
    I5*T?I-Bi-piiinate, Y3.
    f5?p^, f^3^f-Diadelphous, lo^.
    PssTr^^ri^^-Dichlamydeous, ^\.
    ll[3TIst-Bi-labiate, di.
    ^TfT^^r^f
    q^m-Chalaza, Wv).
    ^oJra^^f-Canescent, tvvs.
    ST.
    ^P'^'f^^rofr
    ^fl^^%Gymnospermous

    I
    plants, \3^.
    1^^^-Male, staminate-flower, dN.
    Mona'cious, \.
    Dioecious,
    ^s.
    T^JT^IoS-Downy, Ws-
    fTJ^fJ-Neuter, <:M.
    I^I-Nerves, Vo.
    JTr^^T-Style, 11
    o.
    STfe^!5r5'^,
    5?g'-Stigiua,
    \\o.
    ff^rV^^'r^^r-Tubular, {rV5.
    ^ro5-Funicle, \Y\.
    'TF1T3 iTT^g-Uuder-shrub, Suffruticose-
    plant, ^M.
    R'TRcT
    ?;g^T-ceiitrifugal, va^.
    I^^fiTcr
    sijg^r-Determinate, ^vs.
    HTHf^^^-Irregular, (5-t.
    MfSJci
    ^?!?ir^T^f-Definite in number, i^^.
    ^r't^'T^cT^CcfT
    ^TTi^^-Decurrent, z\3.
    flMr^Jlcn-Decumbent,
    ^is.
    %?jm^-Regular.
    q^^-Hold-fasts, \YY.
    T^IT^
    xig-riTd-Climbing,
    3o.
    T^^IoSt-Tunicated, ^^.
    q^, q^r
    "^
    ^55-LeafIet, 3t.
    qsT^roiTlf^fr ^"t^s^-
    Axillary, ^^5.
    T^SIT-
    Adhesion, 1R.V.
    T?:Tn^T^-
    Anther,
    \o^.
    T^T^^r'^^^rift-Sy
    ngenesious,
    \o\.
    TsCTfRSI-Pollen-grains,
    \\.
    T^'^nrre-Secundine, V,^.
    TK^S^,
    ^noSrarg-Sbeathing,
    3v9.
    q^RT Tn
    %'T^rq^ ravirmcT
    ?I^^-PedateV\
    q^Tinqi
    ^qr^Tejf-Pedatisect, Y^.
    qmifran-Petals, d".
    ^\^l-A\lv, wings, 1R.<:.
    qf^^r^, ^^rai^
    (5i'^)-Samara, =13M.
    qri^f|?I?!-Innate,
    1^.
    qT?lo5iq^^5-Membranous,
    HM.
    qrn-Leaves, \R..
    qi?l3rar
    5qq^T-Leafy-bracts, \\.
    qr^-Blades, 3M.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    z\
    Mfi<HlHl.
    qlgT^^-Plumose, 1V\.
    qlsr,
    WloS-Pappus, "l^<^.
    'ffST^^-Pinnate, V\.
    'ften^
    q^qT^5st-Pinnatisect, V^.
    rtem[%#Sn
    ^TT^i^sf-Pinnatifid, V^.
    cfi'ST^^^oS-Bristles,
    "l>f^.
    'f[55T,
    ar|-Siickers, 31.
    gwT, ^-Flowers, l^.
    5^T'?^-Bracts, \i.
    3*1??^JfI-Infloresccns, ^^.
    qrfjT-OfFiets, Xd.
    ^
    5wg-Coma, \Yo.
    3r
    ^
    ^5yfir ^R^VPedicel, vso.
    ^55JfT f:fr-Flowcr-ljeacl, v9Y.
    ^55^r
    R^TWrl^gJTr-Centrifugal,
    vs<.
    ^SfJU STlH^fflRT
    ?^^-Centripetal, vsR..
    '^r?I'T
    ^f
    -Scarious, MM.
    3qT^,
    3^^^T?W^T:wm^r-Peclunclc, U.
    ^^3-Crustaceous, MM.
    J'TO^iI-Rliachis, U.
    3"T^1I*I^-Calyx,
    ko.
    calyx, 6.
    2"T ^?I^I^5IT
    qfiT-Sepals,
    <k:o.
    j^qTV^rcT^qfr^-Corolla,
    (-o.
    3^TI*?r?a^ qSTTg
    sfiJOi-^Estivation, (i\.
    J'TT^q",
    j^qrvTHTj ^^JjfT
    q:5^r-Receptacle,
    torus, Wd.
    J^^^Tj
    5n:%^5a-Stamens, 4ro.
    'itit)
    ^-Spatbe, <r\.
    'frT^NroSl-Foveolate, td.
    'TT5r,
    ?RTq-Cells, lo^.
    ^ii\oS\
    q?[To5^T^-Oblate, yM.
    qr^i^-Ovate, VM.
    ^.
    q^qoff, tjgqsfr-o-foliolatf, VI..
    nrlR,
    rig.-Tendrils, 1.vy.
    J?IR ?j;Tre-Primine, 1.i.v5.
    armJRJ f^flR (
    MH^l ) Pinna, Y3.
    Sllrffl^ fg^Trnr-Piiiiia', Va.
    q;55-Fruit,
    l^.
    qjaffr ^rsr-Carpophore, \^M.
    tE^SJft st^^T WT-Eiidocarp, 1R.is.
    CR^^r HV^wn-Pcricarp, 'ii<vs.
    q^a^ ^UflR-Epi-caip, \^^.
    ^^-Geminate, 3^.
    ^^R go5cfT-Revolute, (i\.
    ^^JK
    ^rqfoSg-Exserted,
    \o',.
    ^%9'3'-Extrorse, 1
    o
    d.
    ^I
    S^^r
    gr^-Polyandrous, \oV.
    ^
    gncTl^I-Poljgamous, <i^.
    srfqr^y^I^r-Pluriloculai'jSeveral-
    celled,'t\3.
    ^
    gq^I^-Perennials, W.
    ^TOTT^f^-Sagittate,
    Mo.
    nm^
    ^oS^gf-Setaceous,
    MV.
    mK\^
    arofrgT^-Aristate, vvs.
    sri^jfr-Valvate, d\.
    ^I^^g-Parietal, IIS.
    ^rfrr^^I^J!
    ^if^cT-Asepalous, 6\
    ^lUTfcl?:
    3^Rrq-Periantli, <:M.
    ^r
    ^"iStq^T,
    5[^-Cotyledons, \Y3.
    ^'rST^^ITJI-Placenta, \\\.
    ^r^T^t-Nutlets, 13^.
    ClST^t
    3[i
    ( k^ ),
    l5Tf-Utriclc, 13V.
    ^rs^ST
    ^i-(
    5i<^^ ),
    ^TST-Achcnc, \33.
    ^3T
    q^rqj^i^nl-Fcrtile, <:m.
    ^t5ir^r.
    fsW'fr-Ditliotomous, 3V.
    ^rgf'-Didymous, Mv.
    I
    51I33;TrT
    qioSr-Tuberculatc, lYvs.
    ^f-Obtuse,
    blunt, Y\5.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \(k'QllHl. 3V9
    ^C^r
    ^ WToSr
    ^-Moniliform, torulose,
    beaded, \Y.
    ^ ^\^\^^\
    ^Jl^T^ToSf-Didynaraons,
    \o\.
    sr
    55Mt % n:fJ -i\ ^r^'V^roSf-Tetradyna-
    inous,
    \o\,
    kit ^^cl
    %gr^^T^T-Strigose, \Y^3.
    ^T^T^TC,
    *Tg5r^fcT3-Lanceolate, YM.
    5?:r^I55r-Mealy, lyvs.
    Jj^^WSl^'r^- Runners, 3l.
    WT?IH?:^T-Procumbent, ^^.
    W^T^^^'t
    ^T55iTr<T-Creeping, Kd.
    vn^^K qtsfr-Prostrate, ^d.
    mWJK q^5fR3r-Diftuse, ^r.
    ^T^rg-Perfoliate, 3vs.
    wqisfV^t TM
    ^-Runcinate, Y\.
    fl'^JT^fr %ST^gTo5r-Tomentose, i.V^.
    jmsT, tr^irr ^tct^ jtoS^Tt
    q^m-Albumen.isi^
    WiTSraToSf-Albuminous, Xsd.
    JTTSI ^^ q^m
    ?:f5cI-Exalbuminous, isd.
    W^^T^^T-Midrib, Vo.
    JT>;^?JTRrT- Attached by the centre, IV s.
    flIT^ qtCr^-Obovate, VM.
    nTT3f f^^T^fcTg-Obcordate, V\s.
    TT^^5r-FemaIe, pistillate-flower, 6'H.
    JITWrlf-Fleshy, \M.
    g
    g^IJ-Crown, =Lo.
    gi^
    5TI^, ^HTf^
    5'^s:?t-Common peti-
    ole, 34:.
    ^SSJj
    iJ^oST^^-Radical, 3^.
    g;o5*n"-5W^^-Radical peduncle, scape, ^&.
    ^oyflSK"^ ^;tr55-Root-stock, r.o.
    JTtsrt
    "^
    S'tf^^fSTT^-Wavy, undulate, 3t.
    T^T^r rRT-
    Classes, 1MV.
    'TT'iTf, irfsr-Rhizome, 1^.
    iff
    JT3T?!r, ^TT^T^-Spike, spicate,
    vsy.
    'S^T^rcig-Rhomboidal, VM.
    'C^Wg- Succulent, MM.
    ^^T^r^rar-Hypocrateriform, salver

    shaped, dys.
    TT?r{\ tjR ^-Lyrate, VI.
    i:^^^f ^o3-Fil)rous-roots,
    \\.
    ^^rsrWoSr-Striate, iv^.
    ^qr^T?:-Linear, VM.
    ^5JI-Foramen, llvs,
    5jfstr 3TofT^^-Acuminate, cuspidate, Vvs.
    55^Tr55-Oblong, VM.
    ^ST^TI%-Plant, (^r.
    ^JT^T[%3 f:t^-Genus, 1M^.
    ^fJ^qfrl^r fl^^clt^JT-Natural Order, \M3.
    ^JT5EqfcrJ0" ^rrT-Species,
    \\o.
    ^T^qfcl aTT^JT-'Vegetable-life,
    \o.
    ^sT^qfcT^r sr^nr-Race, imi.
    ^5T^qfcI5TT ^gJTT^r-Specimens, IM^.
    ^fI?qrar^?r-Parasites, IM.
    ^H^qTcT^i^r^, sr^roS-Stock, caudex, l^s.
    gJI^q%5Tt
    ^f-
    Variety, IMl.
    ^fI^q^^<^5I-Flora, R.
    ^R^^^IT^-Botany, \.
    g5T^qfcl3 ^nt^?:iir-Classifica t i o n of
    plants, 1.
    ^ff^qfcRr
    g^T f^JTr3?t^> ^5T?-Herba-
    rium. Vi's
    ^?T^irf^-Vernation. Mvs
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    2C
    \Cr<him.
    ^f^
    ^sfm^^-Canipylotropous, \\d.
    ^\^\ 3T0ft^To5I ^^W
    ^^cT gfrSS^oST
    Gloeliifliatc, lYvS.
    gr^qt qrgt
    ai-PeniciUatc,
    1\M.
    ^T9JTt Tf^
    sr^t-Subulate, MX.
    f^^T^fr-Dchiscent,
    l^iSr-
    f^^T#
    srrS^ToST-rtingent, (!;<i.
    f^^a'^cm^yi-Scattered,
    33.
    flrflrm^,
    vrn-Divuled,
    dissected, 3U.
    f^flTR
    Tt'S^fr^TSrroSt-Polypetalous,
    <!rM.
    fsfflTTncT
    q':q?:xrTT-Panicle,
    pauiculate,vsV,
    f^iTmcr
    cTm^^'r-Cymose,
    vsv.
    T^^H
    ^T?:m^-
    Oblique, Y6.
    gt^JU
    J^s'T^rar-Scorpioid,
    vsV.
    grJSSTcTr (
    ^^^l
    )-Twining, 3.
    q^trt-Barreii, Til.
    5T53n^r':-Conical,
    MV.
    5IT?5lt?I-Technical,
    vs.
    ^TT^nr
    siT^T-Botanical-nauie, 't'H?..
    f5T?:r3TT-
    Veins,
    Yo.
    ra^sTRT
    ^^ITT-
    Venation,
    Vo.
    ^
    5ftgoi-Sutuve&',
    \i\.
    jStn-Capsule,
    pod, 'i3\.
    Tti5-Sterile,
    barren, <:M.
    ^TO^iraToSf-Symnietrical.isomerous,
    ^ <^.
    ^ir^-Triincatc,
    Vv9.
    ^nTT^I-T^amina,
    loo.
    ^nifcTr
    f5T?T3TT-Parallel-veins,
    Yo.
    ^^H
    fl^-Equally-pinnatc, Y3.
    ^FJtT^^-Conn, ^3.
    ^cI^To5^ToJr-Setose,
    'tyvs.
    's3IT5I-r)rupe,
    \Zo.
    i^^sa^j^nm^r^Tl-Muricate, 'ivvs.
    ^5^q^q^qf^-Plia'nogamous-planttf, 13.
    ^>J35I-Terrestrial, 1M.
    ^Tr^RTII-
    Substantive, "IMR..
    ^^^:i"i 5IT?a^r-^cr^^
    -Advcntitious-rootSj'l'c
    .
    ^%H^-nflT'kl'J-0\ary,
    l\o.
    ^'T^^T:-Pistil. do
    ^'tj^qtl't-Hermaphrodite, bi sexual, ^M.
    ^fir-Culm, 3V.
    m^^l STR^racT
    ^'T3TRr^-Laciniate,3t^.
    t?^r
    ^T-Segments, 3fe.
    'errfl^mi-Opposite, 3^.
    ^TJTTfiT ^IS^r,
    g's^ :5'TZI-Coinmon pe-
    tiole, 3(^.
    ^t^r^IoSf-Avticulate, MV.
    ^r^-Simple,
    3t;.
    ^^T^'r
    %ST^WI55r-I>owny
    or Pubes-
    cent, i.VV9.
    ^I^HTO^an-Veinlets,
    Vo.
    ^'I^^f-Acicular, MV.
    ^55?I-Cohesion, 1R.V.
    ^2^cT-Compound, Zd.
    i^-^^?fcT-T^ecompound, V3.
    ^CT^^-q^qr-Compound-fiowers,
    vsV.
    ^2^cT
    j^^'crgi^-Synandrous, lov.
    ^g^F^r n^^t^
    '^
    nlf?n^^I^-Syncarp-
    ous, I'lR..
    ^?lt5I^-Connectivum,
    \o\.
    w
    ^^Sfr q%
    ^qT?iat-Palmatisect, yR..
    5rrft 3if*T55r jrr'F^ f^^rfn^r
    qqg-Pal-
    raate, VI.
    ^IC^vi-Secund,
    33.
    w
    5^?IT?;ra3-Cordate,
    yw*.
    ft^I^inTg-Terete, \Y.
    IwmroSt-Fur
    rowed, sulcate, XY^s.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    I
    I
    I
    (i)
    I
    SW<:5!X'S:<3;s3C?@@?S(3i@x5'S5t5'52G!@X'S^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    t-NATURAL ORDER-RAN-
    UNCULACE^.
    llfcl^iR ^ii
    Mt^l ^IH . H^M'ni'll'^lH'li M^l 3 2(1
    ^ ilH , ci ct^ct "^fl MH S. :!i*^"4l'?-H'Tl^"^l4'{l
    Mi"^ilSil 3 1 =1^1^ ilH 0, anSl-Hl ^icfl 42(1.
    M131 yi4i^
    ^"^il
    '^^ ^^ *HN-ft 'r|^^l "4il ^IH
    S; ani S^i 3li5rt"iWHi \ 1 ^Hl^ aniis-'Hltv ^IH
    d. ^<H anwi "dsv^ticni H'^i "{l<vi[ (achenes)
    aH81'-tl '=t(iii"{l9y"-iiw0 ilil^Hi (follicles) =11':^ ^IH.
    ^<3lil^ ^if^i, '^^^A, iV-^HUli cttl (mtI ^Hd
    ni^>ii na^ldl anlrlfHH an^
    i^liap M<il ani
    wi .
    ^Irtl H2(1. ci>l i\i =l4^H(nHi Ml^
    ansjiv iii^l-
    tlH Mi^J 9tl^5l
    sy
    ilH ^. SHi ^l^i'fl ^il^ 'H'l-
    S\h
    3ii3i^m
    MUKHi^ ell Hl<rl^i aH(Jv ail>3l ^IH
    \-^ulliW-Cleruatis triloba.
    t^l'-n- Hooker. Vol. I. page 3;
    Nairne.
    page 6; Watt. Vol. II. page 370; \^-H-
    8125 Pli<i^H6, My M.
    R-^^ftdR-^Mil^^l (Ml); >ll^^CH
    (ij);
    iTt^3, uif^tri (fl); g?ft, ^istsfrai,
    i^R (ff);
    3-Hi|lH->lR^^^'il ^'Hl HQJl
    CHMl <H?i ^. ci
    aJUqRl anPl (|a{i ailllM^
    a^-fl a^in g. MK
    %iisi aHt--tl
    %iJi4n
    and '^{(iHl -"Hi^flaHlHl^li ^IH
    S. ^41 Slltni an^ !^5l a>t(A^4l SHJll ^<Hi y<^i
    "{l<vii5ii
    ^u{[7{ i^c-ii "iiH ^, ?^i ^^.m
    \
    2(1
    anl ani^Mi H51W '^ll^i^ ^8;^ ^I'Al ^tl^A'd
    ^31^ ^IH ^, dM^ 'H\ ifei^l
    an^ %l^S "^IfA-il
    \m^ ^IH . ^IM1 U>HlaHW |=ll<A andC-ft
    nHl 3(lai $,IH &
    "^j ct^ {l^
    an ll-wtl5Hl ^lOll-
    *l5lcll ^^iKl ^'"HIH .
    MlH-^lM^lMiaHiqCHi ^IH S, ct-fl ildil
    f
    ^a{?(l
    3 tiai ^ ct?(l
    Ml3i ChHI ^IH . M14 %iisi, ct[cal
    5lia\lW Slcli ^l^l<al ^ Mtl<?i =iliSii ^d IH d.
    aH?Wl 5ti3l
    5lQi
    MH-Hl ^>H-SI'{1 Ml 'I'Si MK mi
    ani^CHi ^IH ^. ct(\ ildil M<Si 'yM ^IH d. ^ cl
    ^^Mimi-i i\b MH (leaflet) 1
    2(1 3 "^liadaHiqitQ
    it41 S'^5! Ml'i'Hi 3l?l{l ^IH . MH \ 2(1
    ;^^.
    gat
    C-thi an^
    f
    2a ll
    "i R.^
    ^a^
    Ml^l(Ai ^IM ^.
    ci'U (\al{l ^Ml/lM^ ^Wl^l R^lH ^iH ^.
    (3'H'Hl'i-^lcli
    42(1.
    lj<H-:^'^M HRi3ii^4l=Q
    ll>MiaHl H^s^l M^l-
    ^li^>li2a 'Wb^C^ ^JH ^,
    flM^ ^iwft
    l^lH
    3(lSll-
    ^Qai aniHC-fl ilH . >i>MM^l H^S^ M14 '^'Hi
    ^IM .
    |C-l Siltai* Wi ^ ll
    2a R.
    ^ai c4i.
    4i ^IH .
    ^<rv %l$, ^^'n
    Mltfli, ^^o CHlC-l, IVV anillHl'ft,
    vs^ i'(HHiy, 3^ c-tlcni, t^ c-ntH'^iiT, v -"nii/i, jh^
    '^
    iiii 8ii*i S, H^ s-ewi
    Sii mcfii ii^m. ^^M ^w
    .'
    (^Qh 5ilCM(4<t'l\ 4^<Htl.
    l
    aHlcl^tlsHl-fire
    flamed colour, ^i anRRl'fl-
    blne. 3 ((r/5ll-light. V si^ii-black. M \{\\Hss-
    crimson.
    ''. iMl4il-buE.
    vs 3iilfl-rose. sn^i^i-
    purple. 4 Ml^li-yellow. lo ^Ktl-red. ll Siia-
    scarlet. l^ i-ftill-green. 13 %i|-white. l>f (Ji'^l-
    brown. IH sHWl^d-dark-red.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    i^'mGi qi%'MW=lOH.
    achene h^^i 'S'cJ^)m[ ^V^ "{Iv ^IH ^, 'H^
    llH^ ^lill'^ io{l
    a"<l v^l Mlctvil
    aH4 '\'<H
    tiiun ^Wl(n<Hlt/U ^ll^l^'lfcHSl (style) 5hiM
    (1<V-S^S 51<H>14 5Hlla
    "{It^r-^
    (
    achene
    )
    "?-(3M*il5l-^Hi "HH^l ^^ Jl M^
    Sji-H-
    ^^l ^IM,
    ct ivSliH^
    ^iim^il MHHl ^^^l =-^U?il
    iU\ \'A(^\ H'-d,
    SM^
    i^
    Qi.
    ">t:-ll^l ^ll S^ct CHl^
    Qi, ct 3RM . il^,
    Mill
    i." ('^.
    33Hl125,
    cgrii3i4)
    @3l ^, f.fg^tiai 5H^ 'hii^'H.i ct R^14 IIH S.=:=
    <^-[^^lH fH=i=H'l-'^Hl
    ^C^Ri ^(Jl ^131 MH
    ^M-Si'd Ml
    ani^ ,
    nCi
    S{7{ sh1
    (^lR'n^<)^l
    ^-NATURAL-0. ANONACE.1^:.
    3HI '-t^lni 1-^idi 'a^i, jjii^i an^ ^sii siim
    ^. ani HnHiHl -HH^Mfct^ MK ^Hlrt^ ^Hl^ ^,
    ct
    lf.i an^
    aH'^^QctlR'-lWi ^IH ^. (3HMK ^Idi
    'i(\. U'^M'-ni'll'^l't'li M^l Hl4s^ 3 ^IH 'S.
    H\^ rtHl Miji ftli^ s<\H Hi^siiHii'ft .ii^ iii Sn w.
    Ml?l Mt>l a>il^C-ti ^m S. ciKl cisjaHi yi^l >!,l
    aHini
    y<^l ^IH d,
    an^ ctni 'IQK'Sl't ( carpels
    )
    MSt ^-la ( apocarpous ) aHi'-ti ^j^w
    (
    ?.yn-
    carpous
    )
    mni ilH
    Mi, Mi^i rtHi ^M (stigmas)
    ^rnd ^IH ^. ^Tl=M^'t(c-til yi^ft
    %i<^-H ^IH ^,
    aHt'-ll ^icfl 't^-O. anl f.^Js 3i(3K"ii'4>ii <l
    ant^ll
    hHi^ ^m^i an^R H\3vt '^isi^ii u^ic-dan cii a)ii(i-
    (Hliv ( ovules
    )
    ^IH
    i. J^c-i
    1 aHM'-tl ^iSJl
    ^il aHlHl ^^M ^IH $. a>i^ cl>ti \ aHl=l
    flHl M^^ i=R-l anstHl wlSl (testa) 'Hii^jfl
    aHl=tl =ft=li ^IH d.
    ani 'H^l'fl ^W^^frl sKH'll^lS, sy^jjM, Rjl<{l,
    ^[X'^'n, aHi^MKH'-i
    an^ {l?liaiMi iv <npimi
    ^-^U'HI*!
    rH^t-Polyaltlua cerasoides.
    l^i'ct-H. I. p. 63; N.
    p,
    8; Watt. \L
    part. I. p.
    313.
    p,
    S^^R (?T);
    flfq
    (il).
    3_et,|irl-H4i iiU <n^il^3i^Mi lo 2(1 ;^o
    /U
    (32^1 <H^ . M>31 ^2i)
    oy^l^^ ct 30 2(1
    Mo ^i
    (3^11 sv\qi>ii ani^ .
    aM.r^ i{i H\^ii[
    ^g 5H^
    Sll'Jl
    ^IH ^. Si^ti Hl^a ll">HiaHl KIJi-
    5l{l ^IH ^. MH eihi an^ anl^QaHltni
    ^IH .
    ani^ d. an^
    5t(H
    ^r-naj, (Mif.^'HiMi Mi!/l nM d.
    ^<!A-sH^i *ivi jiii
    vi7{ ovHH MMi^ c-ti'>ti
    an^ <^i[ niH ^. ciMi'-d -tii
    an^ ^lisji y<^i
    aiicH tn^ui;;, '-MdiRfl
    an^
    ^^
    ^<^(1 aHt^-ti
    ^^
    ^IH d. ^M^ Ml-li/n <Sl^l "i il'-ni R'l-^l "IW^l
    a/ilil ilM i^ ^cti d-fl aH^ C-tlS^ -<5l
    Ml'^fi -C
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    'Hi%'M(cl'Hi?ici.
    an^ 2^ etR
    ,
    ^IH . ci<l WlC-tM^ (011 =(1<1 Mlc-tl ^IH S.
    ci'il s^n^wisi
    ^^l<Hi(/fl ^(voijl Mi^i <niii^fl
    <Jt^Ml R^iKl
    i:H
    S. n Sm^ ?ii"\i "<3i'ii wi\i
    "
    "mrl-aHict^ ani^C-li \\\ g, H'O iliil V^l
    "til 5H^
    Ht^n
    i?/l
    ^IH
    ^i.
    MH
    StnSllcfl Q^<iC^l-
    ilH . a 3 a <
    ^'4 C-thi =H^
    \^
    '-(I 3
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    iR
    yi.
    HK'O %\\'^ ^Mlil ^^l
    flc-ll ^3lKl
    an^
    KIM >^cai%lM^ -jflCHl ^si'fl ^IH
    ^. <3H^Hl ^"Hl^ S^Cli
    ^lSir{\ ^HHliA Pi^l'4 a{'A-
    ^. HH^iHl -i^l <nM %iMl/laH R:M'^d ^-^Lctt ^IH
    S. an^ an 4ywa-al^
    ^^llsiH aHl^$(l^ ('ti^l'tl
    q>cl^
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    li^^
    ff/^i
    ^v\^
    Klscfic-a ia^e^H <^il ^uRh^
    il^^ Mlii%iM^ (lsii ^i^iKl, -Hicitffl, 'i^i^i, ijjXI
    ilStl iWi isi ^IM S, aii \\'\\\ ^Ml
    ^
    la|
    Kla^i 'Htl'^H . Si
    M^l nftflH Ml^Wi ^
    (l4lt and 5i M^ ^i '-ti^nKl ^Hi<n ^m 6.
    aM^ 3 "^il^iafl ^IH S. ^isil 3 MNilani ^^M-
    "il'H^lH-li M^l?(l anfct^, an^ Ml^l^l 3 Mi">H-
    il^l Si -H^lifO ^i^l aniM ^IH ^. 3 ^l^ltfR
    ^i^ilani V ^ M CHlWn* C-li{l a^Pl 3 4llWH
    "'-flcai^it^Hdi <:-{l&li iiH
    S, ^>^ Miwcn^ ^it^iufl
    3 Mi'^HilaHlPll ^31 (r<io^l[ aitl
    ^M , an^l
    a>^
    3 Mi">HilaHl %tiiil 3 MNilaHl SRcli R^lH <:-li"{l
    iy JtH . ani ^H'^il "4i-HilaHl\^
    t^'H
    Nl-
    ^il anPl ^^q iiil ^IH 6. ci^i <r.iiil
    ^3(rQ
    (3C*a ^ 3-rlil ^'431 4^ ^IH .
    an^ ciaHiHl qai^i ^Jl'J\i "J^l
    VW Hl^ a>^lqc^i ^IH
    S, Sh41 M'^Pl^lH iOil
    ^-il'^l ^^Wl ^K S.
    an^ ft
    ::il^^Hi
    ^il'iliHl qa^Hi(l ci^l(l <VRl
    lati l^Micti ani^cHi ^iH S.
    s^cn
    Jicnim {lc^l
    ^3(41 itt^^ ^qi^Hl^Al,
    an^ anrii -^
    =(liiqicni
    ci qaR Si!; y{ljn?(l v^ai ^^i ^iqi?ft
    aJi
    ^^j
    siQ^llHaHplta <V<l[ aHJf .rvj^i <rn?.i s^CH^
    ^M
    ^l^i^
    s\
    ^. 5iiS{ Sisov' '^C-tKl ildilMR
    aH5(V ^Sl^ MiRi^lfH
    Ml^i MW ani^ ^IH^ ^rt aHi <^li4l ^H"^l
    aJii
    ^l^ll sAl^fl ^<nf/(l 3Y<1 MWf/ll ^ d^^t IH
    ^,
    5?^ ^il ^ ^'>ci aiij" irnH '5.
    ^ ct4 ^iL?l aHiq^d
    ani s^i i^c-tKl
    M
    I
    a i^ai c-iiy{l ^ih ,
    i^fitPll oHi \?(l
    \1 flat jyi^l ^IH . ci alLtfll'cJ
    lni dlM^ il<A MlS
    Jl^'V %lii^i ^IH . ci Mlii
    nH^$3 ayqi
    \\\ 'acti"^5icai wi ^ih . ciKl
    ^Ml/l fl^, at'AScn an^^ ciM^ ^^H PiSanicft
    "tWi ^IH ^. an s^C-l'fl ans^ ^l^i ai^
    ^m g.
    an^ an
    3R^i "I (l 3
    wflay ^IH . 5^^441 %qi?.
    "^d^t^^l ^IH ^,
    cilM^l ci Ml(afl <^^l
    3liat'3l etl3l .
    o(l<v-v 2(1 M eiiW't c-thi anPi
    3 (l v stiWd
    ^i^i^i ^iH 6. ci
    ?l^/ qii qftdi Pi ci'ii <n-^
    *
    ^
    eat aneti t ^mJ"'!.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    nn^Mtciei^H.
    ^-^HiiiaQ aH5i-ni, "HH ^H^
    Y^-
    IM, ctl R"ll^ ^l^l ciH^ '^i^ S, (3HKI WICH-
    ?Rii tHni^l ^lilH S. ^^ 'itlSl ^-^A 3>i^
    ^. ^ 'Hlt^R^ft ^l^iSl^R ^Hl lHRi^ ^a ilH
    &.=:--
    (3M^l
    SH^'HI (3'n;;l4i s^C-id
    H^i an^lHl (StHJ^l
    Jj^
    . ^Hit
    ^^!a
    "^"^f ^I'^i ^IH an^ (3>i^i
    3-N-O-Menispei'macea;.
    aMl ^'l^i R^l^i i<l^ ^C-il5^i 811H g. a^n ^iil^l
    3Hlll ilM i^ ^ni ct SHfR'-d a^iliR S'^IH ^.
    (ia^R=ll<Ai an^Hl "lalf^aHf^HisdaHl^lcai d^^R
    wiliRdi ^IH ^. ^ H^i^d ildil Ml^ nHl "Sr
    a&ll, H^ al^lJli'Hl it's ^ R?lM Jrt'Hmi aniH 5. an^
    ^l^<>i? rtC-fHfl'll ^Iff/cllil an^ oflM iHliiwi cl iH(a^<1
    <H^il liRni ^otlfl ann "ilMi^lR'tl ^iC-ft Cll^l SH'ti
    ni^OaHi-Hlt/d aH?t'-ti ili^'iJ
    anRl^A 'H?lfl(peltate)
    ^If.l ^illM^ aHiqi rnsi ^IH ^. and ^ "ll^S
    ll'H'ii M^l an^
    Ji^^Ml^-H-cl^llHKl Ml'^ilaHl m4-
    ^ ci i\hH[
    (^'iHl
    aH'%^ aHirsHi<r/ ^IH . an^
    n an^Hi ans^ n^lyi (amphitropous or half-
    inverted
    )
    ^IH &. ^liT^l^ d^^si^i ^[i[ JiotklH
    (^IH ^. anPi Hi^fl=tR tll^C-tli Midi ^^%l>l Mi^
    anmi ^IH . i^^l
    dl^iiHi ilH
    S, an^ a Mil ^
    cHl^ ^ictl, rn^a-Sl,
    "^
    il'^l ^'Hi <^ "^H ^. "{lV
    ant^QaHlCAi an^f^l an^f.dl
    SH^ilKl
    aHi J^U
    ^<Hl
    aHliRdi ^IH ,
    an^ rt Hl4i^ qisi <Vh<-di ^1*1 ^.
    H^tC-l
    an^ i|l(^di! yt^i ^^C-tl d.
    a-Hl v\'{[ ^dC-Cli ^W^MtrlHi
    ?iR -^^l =OsQil
    ^%l an^ 5ii>Jiirti %ict^
    ^>J\^[
    Mf.ll ^X'Hl ^IM d.
    an MSI anl ^l^l'd 'H't^Mfct $.
    tt^HJi.
    3
    l-^ulH rii>i-Tinospora eordifolia.
    t-^ikd-H. I.
    p. 97; N.
    p. 10; Watt-
    VI. part, IV.
    p. 63; ^. Pi. ML \.
    V"^^lUlH-5l5li, oi^lPliqi^i
    (
    Mt+?i
    );
    355-
    W^ (11);
    31^'r, argcTT
    (^).
    3-Hi%l'l-3lcfll'iKll ^1 ni^Hl ffn={Ri ani^
    d, cllMi^ <t Sli>ii^
    [c{^'\
    @3Q ani^ ^. n
    ff/>{l't-
    M^ M^^lHCHl a^SUHl aiUqi
    q^lM 5lll
    ^Sl
    ^l
    clM^ =H^<Hl ^IH ^. an^Hi ^ii->HiaHl h{[ KlicilC-O
    ^IH 6.
    M14J
    ^C-llcd
    dli Mi^ ansiqi iiV^fAiKl
    Mlii
    aniil aHHtfil <Htf(l
    a^UqiSiiHl ^dcniHiifl
    ^w
    ^. Sirii ^CHl c*U<HiaiHlM^ Hi^ll S'ail atifl avfci
    ^iilHi(l sAi^i ^ctfAl ff?=li
    Hhi =li<Hl'cPft M^ >i^ca
    ^i'S
    . ^
    '{la<l ff'>{H>ii ct^ Mii ciMi^ft ^qa^
    ^c-il |iJ~ (wtH . 3lolwi MH MR^^HCAl'ti MH
    Y=i
    9?.i c^a ^c-iiSiiM^ aHi^ ^, ci
    >fl(ni^M^ c-flii
    ^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <lrl%-H(cietl4*l.
    Rictl ^3Hi
    81^"
    <fnH ^. ^ cl hm<h[ <5\cli Miyi
    "'^A-^cl'4l'-(l shRcaT
    "^
    ai^Sl <^^ '^^ IIH S.
    ctHi'-ft'Sic-ii!! Micicni ^idi5^i r{is(4i mill c-ihi 3i?^c-ti
    %i^s ^31 ci^ct M?x-tifcr ^cti%i5lai 9i^i
    sisJ' trnn ^.
    Sirfl cii^ @Jt anPl :^--tlS =(lSi^ll, (I'll 5H^ MlW'il^d
    Oi^^l
    "^
    <H^Hl
    ^^irfl ^iH . 5iHl ^iil <^H
    <iyH
    MliA^ til ic(l ^H S ctH ctH n <a\\m
    ^<,-
    H^Si SH^ vii\m Ml=U Sicfl <MH . Hi^ft^R
    anKl >siilH^^ Minil lict^ln^cfl vicii^[ ani^
    {lc-ti ^nKl, ft^
    Pt \^<H^ ^IH
    i,
    ^ ctM^
    sti^n R-l^l-fl <^Hi ilH
    ^. ^iil^i anilisiM
    aJl aii^l =ia^5{l (HPl C-flCHl ^l^l ^fos H^ "^llSll
    ^IH ^,
    an^ 5^ {lc-ll (HPl'd "ilsaSi tlicni^Jlrtl
    Wl *tfoA ^^l =Hl!Sl^ 5HKC-11 |lH $. il^llrft
    ^iHca ^imi^li (ISI C-{lll ^il^O an^ {l^ IM
    6, ctHl Hl%l (33^ an^ %'HIS =^5^11 ^ ii^l ^IH ^.
    Si^i MH y ?(1 ^ ^2i c-imi anPl 3 ?(1
    M ^=H
    ^ft^t (VJlHmi aii-li MK ^^l^<Hlcni an^ MldCAi
    ^IH 6,
    an^ ct>i( ={lSl an^ ii=tl 2Ml^ "^IH
    6. <rrHl^ %ll^Ri^ -^fC-d oyoii^i anni "HH ^^W
    <rnii ^ ctMi sdiL^l an^
    S^=ll =lHl^ ^^C-fl ^IH
    6. MH^l anlSR ^M^l > MlWMlMtflHl HKdl
    KlSlKl K^il ^'iKl ^IH !. ^l%l (il Vi7[ :ictis
    ^H-i^^$l->i'^M '4l^3J
    i^4l<l ^^Sil
    {ltl
    qc-tlM^ ^^3l*lc-l ii(il?ll Ml?l?(l 'OjsSlSfl ilH d.
    C-fl li d?(l i^a M3l ^IH . 5i yt^l^lM^ jy^^H
    'Oicrisii ^iH
    wi. ^chKI st/d cthn ^isil, <3M^
    JVcli "fll^l'^l, ^ ^^^ <a|l ilH ^. aiHdSl =M
    {lc-ll ^3Ki ^IH ^.
    anS^Hl (feR4i 3 M^l ct^l StRi ^IH ^.
    ct ci(ca'^ ^iiiil ^ iiii Mimical ^iH , ^ ct
    Mt^ '"h (,R^i 5liSciL^c-{l ^IH ^. ct^i
    <^fkR{l i&R'fl
    3 Mi'^lilSil anS^rQ Hi'^ilaHl i^cti >^i/l ^iH
    ^. ani ySi MiMil^il
    ^o
    '>tlo"5i'Hi SHJR'ti 3
    ^^Idi M^l i^cti yf^ft ^l(,lKl ^ ct
    ^1^1 M^l^l
    ^^^l^l-^ ^IH . ^HHi 3 '^m'^
    "41"^-
    ^ ct MPHilSiiKl %tmi ani^c-ii
    ^iH S,
    ct MRil^iiJft stl^Mi aH4 ^o 'Jllo "SiHrii "j-^iii
    M^i^O ^h'l ^IH ^. cini ciaSii;^ ^it??i
    iT^
    T^ic^.
    -HWljMltai ^'Hl M^PlIm ^H<^d l^Hlcll ani^C-ll
    ^IH^,
    l^5H^-iicn nm.
    ^Ix^^ll Hi^iSJ i^'tl^
    WcrflStl^
    Ml M^'5l*iMi(l
    vm-^i -ui^DiSlst MHKI ^^{1 il('-l-4-<?(l Hli^l ,
    ci rt^^C-l Hl^(^ iV.Hl^ ^tfOanl i<cti i}fl ^IH S,
    ^c*- ^Isi 4^ ?iMi n'-fl ^i"^ ci :^^%i-<i iniii
    (
    stamino-
    des) i|m*l 6.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ll%\(clli4'i.
    ^a mm^
    ani^cH M-i^n^n m^ M^^i^c-ti
    !(C-i C-{ll, ai<ASrti, ilSiM Sflsii 7[
    nil ^ cMl^
    SHi^ft ^IH 6, ^C-tKl ^Ml/lM^ ?lltai ^'iKl ^^-H
    aHMlH S. Sirii ^c-tiPli ji^i rtl=l, 'i'^oiiy', iHall,
    oHlfH, il>lt&, HS^
    an^ aH54
    M^ ^hmIH &.
    ail^l Sl^l an^ ^=1^*1 fe^ldS M^ nH^Jii^Jil^
    ^l(ys ct^l 'HM^IH ^. Jl^il'll ^C-tl^l ^sicQ
    ^^i
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    riiH-COCCULUS
    VILLOSUS.
    l^l^rt-H.
    I. P. 101; N.
    p. 11; Watt.
    II. p.
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    *
    Nature series on British Wild Flowers
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    London. 18S0,
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    p. 583;
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    sundara veerraju
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    l^dl^cl-H. I. p. 172; N.
    p. 17.
    (%o) viRi
    (340),
    (Hdi^aHlC-t, oyaiC-O
    Hl^=(l, il^l
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    ^IH , clHi anSR'ii ^ M^l
    (
    Min
    )
    HNil^^i
    ^ MICH anPl
    ;i odd/HlOJ
    ilH ^.
    ani =l3lKl ^Irt^Mfct '<=ll4i=(l wHR an^ ^lllH
    ^liSllH ^.
    HOI(^i^iai^n.)
    t.-?ll^1lilH-PoIygala persicariaifoHa.
    I'^dl-cl-H. I.
    p. 202; i\-
    p.
    21.
    '^J^flnR-Rl'fl ^^IH^H^t
    (
    Ml + ?io
    );
    %m[ mvH[ ani^ S, n
    4 (li^ m,i c-ihi ih ^.
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    aiddl =11AKI V<*ltfl ^IH ^. aH'ii MH Jili^i a>iPl
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    ll>HlaiHl ci?(l MlrtCfil ^IH &. ct iiil'tl Hla^etl
    (Hl3Ri(l KlitAl ^i^a^tR .siil iWi C-tiofl hHI
    3l5ta ilH ^.
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    ^CH-M^t'^l'il'O =Hl^ ci(l <JVRl (3M-<lT ^"^M ^Rtjj
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    cIMR 3 il
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    q'l^'HClcil^'l.
    VV9
    ^CHKI ildil ni^i ^LH S. ct ^C-1 <3H4m My^
    Hlafl
    'H'41
    <rtM ^. ^SlKl ildil4l 81i MW =ll4-
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    =11:^1^ n^l S^Mil "Hl'AHl ^l"tM^ ^niH^lHi =HK .
    l-^U^lHrii^-P. Chinensis.
    i^l-d-H. I. 204; N.
    p. 21; Watt. VI
    part. I.
    p.
    315.
    ( i?o
    ) flRrg, jfr^ (
    fIo
    )
    . ci (HI ><vHHMR'^CHlrll
    ilH ^. MK ^U^lW
    ^cli aiMit ^ ^^^ "^iat^licai ^IH S.
    anmi (i^8iiriHi (3l .
    et4-(
    ^OV.
    )
    i-^ll^'lliR-P.erioptera.
    i^i'Ct-H. I. P. 203; N. P. 21;
    ^-'^^lliR-<HlH<3i
    ( Ml+^io
    )
    3-Hi4i-H'll Su=ll 2imi^ @5l g. ^ (3(Ml
    ^
    'vHl'iM^ Ml^lrtl ilH ^. MH (i^i, c-thi,
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    >i.
    -^'l%"H(ciei4'i.
    ^^_N. O. CARYOPHAJLLE^.
    ^^i-^jftaJlis^iy'Sft-'H'^sdl^i HSU
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    WiiHl R^IH <Hl^i "(livqitfli ^IH S.
    1-<U
    ril-Pol}'carpa corymbosa.
    tei-ct-H. I. p. 245; N.
    p.
    22.
    n5l \idi id\, t'ii^s ?litAi -HifaKl |qi/l'-ti(/fl
    "^I'd^lR aiislSR 5Hl^C-li ^>niH ^. cl
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    ii5i 3^1.
    l-^ulMiRP. i^picata.
    tKl-clH. I.
    p.
    246.
    ^-"^<ll'tR-=(V?.c{\
    (
    Mlo
    );
    3li>H^ii
    (
    ^o
    )
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    ^^
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    sundara veerraju
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    I'^di ^iH cii sHdi MH "Hii'l i[ii,mi
    =13-N. 0. Portulacea;.
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    AfH^* 33
    l-J^ll^lil'ii^-Potulaca olcracla.
    t^l-a-H. I. P. 246; N. P. 23; Watt.
    Vl-part- I.
    p. 329; |. Pi. Ml.^oa
    i^o) ^r#T^, fsr (
    f|o
    ) fi?^mr, tife^ ( ^
    )
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    ci
    t-^U'Hl<tiW-P-
    quadrifida.
    tSl^cl-H.
    I. p.
    247; N.
    p.
    23; Watt.
    VI. part. I. p. 330; ^. (d. Ml.
    ^o3.
    ^-^^flllH-^'^S^ ^'4,
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    ^^dl-n H. I.
    p.
    248; N.
    p. 23; Watt.
    VI. part. Ill
    p.
    411.
    5?-"^*(l riiH-iii%t, m (Mlo);
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    H'i%'H(n=t4'i.
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    ani H^I-il ^H^Mfrl^i Rsii{\, cltl ^lli 5H^
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    riR-Bergia odorata.
    tt^dl-cl-H. I.
    p. 251; N.
    p. 24.
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    I'^il't-'i-H. I. j). 2.51; N.
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    R-Mii iR-<v:-i 5ii->H^u
    (
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    S.V.RAJ U
    1'1%m(cI=i4'1. 'qii
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    tKl-d-H. I.
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    t^.
    l-^ll^1liR-S. Carpinifolia.
    i^ict-H. I.
    IX
    323; N. p. 28; Watt
    YI. part. II.
    p. 679; ^ ft. "m. \3^.
    R-"^^QilH-43Rl"iei, nsil (
    "Hlo+ajo;
    )
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    ) Tir^ ^h^R (
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    )
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    M<:
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    (
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    ^di
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    ^-^55T-Skla carpinifoliu.
    ^-JTlROT-^itlii' rhouibifblia.
    ^-3TRlsI^r-Abutilon indicuui.
    y-?irn^5ri-Gru\via j)opulifolia.
    il. rii l^'>i '-'PUC-imi'Al ^<'iH 41. (31=4
    ?.Tlil
    aniHR (3M"<^ Hl^ il>ili^
    ^U '^tct'fl
    oiiHl
    (
    sida
    )
    il^ .
    ^-tn^tl-sida cordifolia.
    <-^(S,l"i'Hl-sida rhoiuboidca.
    a-^fct'-'istl-sida rliouibifolia.
    V-4in<HC-ll-,sida alba,
    <\\ii\
    lcil
    risiil.
    "iH^ HC-il, ( bidii ) wimi
    (
    abutilon
    )
    an^
    ipiXl
    (
    Grewia
    )
    an
    ^%
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    (
    sida
    )
    'ft H*^ n<ll
    (abutilon)
    a^^
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    (
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    C-tli^i clH '-IR oi^il >tl^ ^U
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    "HMli ) di
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    (
    ill^ ) 41
    oftv Hl4s^ <MM^Mi 'tfA'li 't^ft.
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    Mi d." og^l 4"i^ ^54.
    l-^ll^'k'lR-S. rhombifolia.
    t''dl'4.-H. I.
    p.
    31^3; N.
    p. 28; Watt.
    VI. part. II.
    p.
    G81;
    ^.
    Pt. Ml. \2(.
    \-'i^[\riVH.-^<A\l%^'-^, o<rt^l(3n<HHail (MI+
    ^o);
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    "5
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    Sida Fibre )'{[ HHi'm '^k ^[^Hl Hi,
    I-J^U^IMHIH-S. cordifolia.
    t-^iict-H. I.
    p.
    324; N.
    p. 28; Watt
    VI, part. II.
    p.
    680. ^. ft. Ml. \a^.
    ^-'ik\[^iH-'^%
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    t-^ll^'^lM'iR-Abutilon polyandrura.
    t^l-ct-H.
    I.
    p.
    325; N.
    p. 28; Watt,
    I.
    p.
    17.
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    A. Indicura.
    ^yi-ct-H. I.
    p.
    ;^26; N.
    p. 28; Watt.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <^
    l't%"H(clli^l.
    I. p. 16; 3. k. Ml. IV".
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    (
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    H'iis^wi 'tis H^fiw ^lo <Hi -ii i(^iw'fl finis'^


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    i^l-<1-H. I.
    p.
    327; Watt I.
    p.
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    ramosum.
    tai-ct-H. I.
    p.
    328; N.
    p.
    29.
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    sundara veerraju
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    t^l-rt-H. I.
    p.
    328;
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    1'1%'h(cI1i4'1.
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    S.V.RAJ U
    \# <li%'H(clli^' <niiait.
    i<H!i Mo.
    \-<U^<l rim-Malaclira capitata.
    l<^<il-rt-H. I.
    p. 329; N.
    p.
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    V.
    p.
    109.
    Jl-^^[l rlR-M^M (Hill (>ilo +
    yo);
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    l-^dkct H. I.
    p,
    329; N.
    p.
    21); Watt.
    Vl-part IV.
    p.
    212.
    (no)
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eicl%\lCill4*i. V91
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    iVkcl-H. I.
    p. 32^1; N. p. 29; watt.
    IV. part. IV.
    p.
    213.
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    t<><>l-ct-H. I.
    p. 330; N".
    p. 29;
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    tdkcl H. I.
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    345; N.
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    Vl-partlV.
    p.
    45.
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    ^
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    m^d-H. I. p.
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    Vl.-part. IV.
    p.
    45; 3. Pi- Ml. Ml?:.
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    'VH.R 11.
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    herbaceum.
    t^il-ct-H. I.
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    p.
    32; Watt.
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    i^l^a-H. I.
    p.
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    p. 33; Watt.
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    5fi8.
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    tSl'ct-H. I.
    p.
    38fi; N.
    p. 37; Watt
    IV.
    p.
    183.
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    t'^dl-ct H. I.
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    IV. p.
    184.
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \oV
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    l-^dl-ct-H. I.
    p.
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ii%'H(ciqi4'i'
    \o-4
    t-^U^*4
    rlR-Triumfetta rhomboidea.
    t^l-n-H. I.
    p.
    395; K
    p. 38;
    Watt.
    VI. part. IV.
    p. 202; ^. R. Ml. \.
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    p. 397; N.
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    p.
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    l^l-ct-H. I.
    p.
    418; N.
    p. 41; Watt.
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    p
    252; 3. Pi. Ml. VM\.
    w^\
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    (
    A. K. Nairne
    )
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    is called delight of the Woods or
    delight of the Spring."
    (As. Kes. 4.
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    tfed'Ct-H. I.
    p. 423; N.
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    '{{I M<i
    ci MlH
    M<J
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    ^a^l ct^l CH, 311M,
    '^tflS aniR^ anMlH '5. Si,
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    ctft ^R
    Htaii %iRi
    cii^M ^^
    .
    WATT."Food and Fodder.The
    fruit is appreciated by the poorer classes,
    especially in times of scarcity. It is
    sweet, acidulous, has a not unpleasant
    flavour, and when boiled in milk is said
    to make a fairly good tart. Brimdis
    states that during the famine of 1869,
    which drove large numbers of the in-
    habitants of ^larvvar and other parts
    of Western Rajaputana from their homes,
    it served as food for thousands,
    ''
    In
    the winter 1869-70/' he writes-'- the
    crop of these berries had been plentiful;
    and when I marched through Rajapu-
    tana, From Agra to Guzerat, in De-
    cember 1869 and January 1870,1 found
    the shrubs completely stripped of their
    fruit wherever the flocks of hungry
    emigrants from Marwar had passed
    through."
    The leaves form a most valuable
    fodder for camels, goats, buffaloes, and
    cows, and are highly esteemed in the
    sandy districts of Sind, the Punjab, and
    Baluchistan. They are stored for winter
    use. They are supposed to be heating,
    and to promote the secretion of milk.
    In the Delhi District it is stated that
    camels and goats prefer this fodder to
    almost any other. It is said to be cut
    in that district twice a year in April
    and November, and that it sells at from
    3 to 5 maunds per rupee. It is so
    valuable as a camel and cattle fodder
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    tHV
    eiri%-H(cl<li4i.
    that villagers often jiay their nenuce off
    the produce."
    *
    l-^ll^1lHl>i-Z. Xylopyrus.
    S^kcl-H. I.
    p. 634; N. ]i. 60; Watt.
    VI. part. IV. )). 374.
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    r^?.lCl, ?llin, H^ ''ll^y^ ISli^ 5W
    't'^'l. 111.
    I^ulMiR:Vitis quadrangularis.
    tSl'Ct:H. I.
    p.
    6i5; K
    p. 61; Watt,
    VI. part. IV.
    p. 256; ^. R. Ml. 1\^.
    R"^^ilnR:6u=iiisfn,6u%ii
    (
    Mi+?io
    )
    (f|o),
    ^^#, 3TRT^<t
    (go).
    3

    =l4'ii&U^tiitfl'il H^,l C-lhl ^CHl liH


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    V. repanda.
    i^iM.
    H. I.
    p.
    648; N.
    p. 62;
    Watt.
    VI. part. IV.
    p.
    265,
    ^-"^^ftrllH-'liii^sli.
    (Ml+?io); ^^ (*).
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    H31
    (
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    t-<ll%fl<irlR. V. latifolia.
    l^ict-H. I.
    p. 652; N.
    p. 63; Watt.
    VI part IV
    p
    255.
    R-'%^ll'lR-'^"3l(l!^M (Ml+?i);
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    "Poisonous Plants of Bombay" Vol. I. by


    Colonel K. R. Kirtikor. I. M. S. F.L. S. (18%)
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    ^ Pt. Ml. &M.
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    i^sHi,
    =1W<{\ \<^l\-
    M^ <rtH S ct(l aM4i ^Ucn^^ m^fl^R MW
    ^'Wi; 5H^ ll3l-(!^CH)-^H0ir{l ^(I'Sll <^<l SHl^d.
    Hl ^U^ti dff/j ji^i
    -^
    ^dlC-t ffvHlH>ii @3l
    6. Si^ Mlc-nHja m4 i-ti$a 'H'^ "yHld'ii
    <i';i
    ani^ 6. "^UMlani an^ MK JilW ml =tM^lH
    ^."
    (Hid).
    5irO ^ii>Mi3^[ ^t^
    vim S, an^ anrii
    l^i^i 'H'tl'H'Hmi ani^ d.
    an ja-w, Rtfcl,
    ilQ^lHU an^ M1H clUl
    MHlct cl^Sf SilH ^.
    ia-tfKl delist lyHH^ii
    a5^^[
    gi^c(i m^ii
    gSi
    fwiH
    551
    'im (Leptadenia-spartium)^ wi.
    ci
    sra,^i
    Xcd'll ^%llSll
    @M^ 4Q|l <asl ^- rtHl'-fl
    Hijl "^H^^mKl Ml
    ^%liaHl ild^ilMi ani^ ^.
    ogSii ^ui\,
    ^w jjd^iid.
    l-^U^lMrlR-C. filipes.
    4^l-ct-H. 11.
    p. 66; N.
    p.
    75.'
    Jl-^^^U rll^M>M^C-{laHiClaHl (Ml+iio).
    3-<Hi^iri-'H">H^{laiiiClaHl'il 6u<Hl "HiJt a^i-
    flaMUl 6u=ll %lll =)l^W H<^1 <3^l S, ci ^(l
    1 ki
    c-ti<ni ^IH ^. ci t>H^c-t ^qi ^Hi(Ai, eiini
    >HIH WlHRi^J =(lci a>ii^3HHl ^UHl ^v^l ^l=ll?(l
    Si^ ^M>i^aH4^5>il i^ ^. ci aHj^ant'O
    Wll dPsHl aiRi ct^l; <3HMRmi a^i^ ^. 5{'{\
    <ik
    c-i'^iiifA, anPi
    @M5i0 ^m. 6,
    an^ ci>ii c: ^i
    (HRlMi 11H ^.
    l-^ultriR-C. prostrata,
    tKl'ct-H. II.
    p. 67; Watt. II.
    p.
    613.
    ^-%JllilH-lU HilJ^aHl (Ml+U); ^
    S^-
    S^
    (f?)
    3-Hl^rl-.2H'il U=ll ^iMl^ MW'd %ilM <VMI-
    -IM^ Mi^lHll ^IHWi. ^Mi Ml<ni -<>Hi ^c-t ^ V (l
    M eiifcl'i c-tiwfl \^
    2(1 \M "{l<vc(i(/a ^i^iKl ii^i
    iv4l
    !ii(l ^(I'^l ^IH S, ci tll^Mi aiietcti MSI
    <v^l IIH ^, Ml^
    Si;^
    JjilVl^^l i^ ^.
    an ai^laHliij m mk R^H 3im0 ^Wl
    21RI rt^^ an^ii (HlRl i^=llMi ani^ d.
    aJl
    H3i-(
    ^o^Ch^ij^
    ).
    t-^U^InnR-C. evolvuloides.
    4Ki-rt-H. II.
    p.
    68.
    3-cii|irl-aii4l SUHmi 1 (l R. !0<i "^-^i*^
    ctR <^<l Mlct(/a U>HlSil r{li<?l
    gl,
    ci (\H H'fl
    m%i <h31^mr ^^ti'O ^[\h Ml 6. an^i -mh
    an^ ciMRKl |ltfl^l ^Hl'H iltfrt^'MlH^'ll
    ctwflaHmi m Wll <35l g. aJiKl ^ilili -m^
    juiiioj
    Klal SjiUsasHl-ii >ll!^i aHHl<V i^ ^cl^
    ^- ''I'ii
    ORM Jl^^wi niH d.
    \-^U^1UrllH-C. hirsuta.
    t^kct-H. II.
    p.
    68.
    R-^^fl'lR-k-ili^'Hl (
    ^l+yo
    ).
    c-lif'il itlH ^. 'M'll ^HC^Ml $14=IW ^^l 'H^
    ciM^Hi^ani ipiAi ttrnKi 4i^
    =^1^*^"^
    ^'^
    ^
    ssiil ^nt4\ ffv'<l Mictttl an^ ii>Mi3li <^4i^Ri
    ^^l H^i^l ^IH d, d M^m til<il i>l Mil-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eil*'HCieil4*l. \vs^-
    aHl"Hl M^Kl lHl "iiag^fl '^Rl <^fl Mlcttfil Kli-
    '5. ^o t^io
    "Sim m M^i^i, <i\m ^imh, Hiii
    cHl Mi^ ^Si
    <rty^\.
    I'HMl liiVW C-li<Hl HltnKl
    l<iKl
    ^ll'si <J>><1
    ^^{l Hil5l
    aHi^(l=tlfAl V 4l M
    qifA'd |=tl/lft WlMfl ^IH . ci^i <: fl
    \o
    31 d. afl 3^^l @Hll3l ^Ml =tRl cl^'l 11H
    f^SRrMl'i'il 3Ri il^^lMl 11H S.
    HOI
    (
    ilo^fH^l^ift
    ).
    t-^U^HIR-C. linifolia.
    t'^dkci-H. II.
    p. 72; N.
    p.
    75.
    (
    Ho), ^nrfsr (ffo), 5ioi2'ft
    (
    o).
    43RMi S^iHl^ m'{l ll a*Hi gijc(i V|^ii
    i-^ul<tiR-C. retusa.
    t&!kcl-H. II.
    p. 75; N.
    p. 75; Watt.
    II.
    p.
    613.
    ^-"^^lliW-^H;il
    (
    Ml+?io); ^\^ (to);
    f
    jt-
    f^STT (fto); ^Pltfoj^ (ho),
    ^[^. . dKl ,iiil
    a^;^
    u-Hi5Mi (l i&i?li=ii(ffl
    ^IH
    i.
    MH \ 5^ 3 a^t <Hhi 5H^ 3 CHlfc/'tft
    S. ci'ilMR (VRl ^^ ^ "^lltAl^^lrti
    iiil VHi
    Hl^ 'iMsj
    Si
    5
    yti-HM^
    im ^. ^C-l'ft ildil m^.
    i^ 3 c-tiy<i c-tie>{i
    |iH ^. Hmr ^8(H Qmiini
    %^[
    ^tlta^ft 4=11/1 aHl^n
    ^IH ^.
    ^^H<Hlli"llH-M M^l^l ''i^Sll ^IH d. ct
    <l(ch^(l s>tilHSil an^
    SmR cHl "1
    Sil Kls^ic-tl
    ^IH S. ci^i^i 5li li R.
    an^ iKlsvl 3
    ^l^iqi
    niR(l cirtlMR aHl^
    IwKa ani^C-fl ^IH .
    a^( *i?a ^4R'{1 Mi^il SllcAlWM
    rt(<Al
    ^8(M >JUC-{1 an^ ?A\i qiCA'd ^tflta^tltffl
    ^IH S,
    ci'llMR @^ 4^1^
    'Jvt(n^Sl>^ a^cHcl
    ^SR sv^Hl
    C-llHi ^IH ^. H[<?^'{[ ^ MiHil^il ?l?a rii^i,{l
    an^ yisil ^IH ^,
    ci^ ct(ca^
    Mej ^8(M JUfl
    an^
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    ^iil-Mi"4il3ii i?l si{<,[<cl
    mi[(H ans
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    rtfoflH
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    .5U{1 an^
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    ^IH d,
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    Ml^iafl
    >il^^l-aHit 5ia-y an^ 'ttffl
    (^^i lW 5}^
    ctri^ {l^l ai<aicll ani^iil.
    ^IH d.- .ci(ei*i
    H^)-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    l^o <ti%'H(n<t^*t.
    an ^U^l^l M'^l3l ^HiJ'fl >ll^i i^^Ri ani^ '3.
    H3l-( llo^fn^i:^
    ).
    t-<llll'tR-C. orixensis.
    tfekd-H. 11.
    p. 83; N.
    p.
    7G.
    ^1
    ^^l
    5lt?J Ml^l l(nl ^IM ^. ci ctfcfl'^
    ^liiii
    \ tUfcld ti<Hl an^
    ^ ?fl 3 C-llW'l Ml^n4l ilH
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    ^IH d Ml^ 5Ji;i
    sp:
    t-^il'ct-H. II. P.
    3-Hi4't-aMcll fiuqi \ (l ^ 5(li gati ^?i
    Kli5l{l ilH ^. MH anirt^ anl^C-ti, 1 0
    ^
    ^a<
    CHl"ii, an^
    ^ a 3 CHifcCt ^liwi ^IH . iliil
    yt^n <V ^^M
    aH^ l^.qi %jiiiiifti ^ ^^^ iJlJ^^l
    ant^n ^IH . MH^l SM^'fl ^\[<f\ (l^ an^^
    -{lai-fl
    ^1?
    C-thl Hl'^'ft
    V'^'"''*l"'^
    ^i*t d. ilA
    an^ <imi5<l"4^
    <?i?l
    ai^lSctl ^Qsictiqrft |eii/l
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    ^
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    ^IHl
    11411
    ^<[, iMi
    U
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    H0
    ^IH d. ani SuHHi HH an^ ^t'l ^SIH ^
    5^1 li<*l I'll 4l^lM^ ijij ivHl-iMl "ilti
    llfcl l S, an^ ct li3J i^Hl ^HIH d, 11^
    an^
    iwt^.
    t3R.
    "l-^ll^HilH:-C. Medicaginea.
    t^dl'Ct:-H. II. P. 81; Watt. U. P. 618;
    ^-"^J^ll*tlH-aHi'ni<i>l'ift (^lo);
    ^(l>lft
    (ilo);
    ^m
    (
    ^
    ); !Fr^
    (
    fto ).
    !(Ia c-thl tlM d, ci'fl ll>Miaill
    (|a(l ajicfl,
    a>i<^l a/Hl-HM^ i'Acft IH ^. ci %lHl^iJ ^rt^fl
    <^<i \M<j\i,
    ^'^
    ^m %^i ^titfiKl |m<nmtfil
    ^a>ii inrii ^=ti(Al tlhl tlA'{l
    3(la( ^^tl/l ^IH
    d.
    MW
    anict^ ani^C-ti, ^l^ft'ii MUKl
    ^*11 tt^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    '^*t%'HCiii4i. \^\
    C-llW'l ^l^ltfli $l*t S. HMH H^[ ^8;M 5H^
    mhKI iMl ni<^?(l 'Os^ic-n iH S. n SRI ^<l
    ^
    '^^
    c-ti'41, cid{liv >^i^i'4),
    SiicAiyildl, ^^[(h
    aMHl SUHl SilHl^ ^sI^mI Ml^'ft lSl (5l
    St^li tfftPli
    Jti^l li^
    ^m^ctl Hl^ (ai^5imil^
    l'li MIH ^'-(l Ji'Hi 1"^IH ^, Hii
    anTl
    :Hi-
    Oil(3>itl i^
    d- '^ (ill't'tl HJil'H^l Qil^lMi
    t<H5l 133.
    'i-^ll^1*iil>l-Melilotus parviflora.
    t^kd-H. II. p. 89; N.
    p. 77; Watt.
    V.
    p.
    225.
    =*M
    (io);
    ^w
    (f|).
    (leaflets) 'It'-^Hl MH
    J?=l[
    HlM^J ^ft (iii ^K
    anl aHi^nil 'IS'M'll dliHl rl*tl<?l 3lSn, >lfl
    m\
    o{li <nii4ii %iil <Hiil5iiM( 3l d. 5lrll
    ^m^Hi 3)liW Hl4s=^ ilHHl ani^
    ^,
    HH
    d ^m il
    Si
    g, anPl Smi Mioii |.c-i iH S,
    't<H^
    t3)f.
    t-^ll^l<4'llH-M. alba.
    l-^it'd-H. II.
    p. 89; N.
    p. 77.
    l-<U^HtlH-Medicago sativa,
    t^l'd-H. II.
    p. 90; N.
    p. 77; Watt.
    V.
    p.
    199.
    ^-i^il'iiH-'is'n (Mi); Rc-iiMdl ^fl, Rii-
    Hcfl m (?io); ^T^r^. f^Jlcft^^, f^ISSPRft-
    M
    (ho); raaiqfft^gsi (rio); ^<tAl
    ( i^^
    );
    d. clMi ^2(1 -vti M*?! cifl iHhi n<aj ti^
    mh
    sirtlHlcni ^IH ^. ^C-l s^lil
    "^
    ^^l
    anl^MlKl wi
    Mci^QaHHi aniiR^li H^(l aHtHH ?<! 'H'iWd'ii
    ^IH ^. il3l (!i<H)=liail'ft Ml m4S^ aHM(AlH{l
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \
    qt%'H(cii^'i.
    St^H ^ V'^IS'H anSHR 'tl^l ^IH ell cl
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    SH^ %im
    vii^iSl ^131 ^w"i Miti'a $ia s'Cl ^I'^ii
    JJtSi. an^
    l-^ll^lHrllH-Lotus Garcini.
    It^il-cl-H. II.
    p.
    91.
    R-"iJ^llilH-->-^l^l <Hl-wil, Hll <Hl-5ll, [<lHl<fl
    911-511
    ( Mlx^io
    ).
    SU'-llM^ %i^S aHl'-ll ^cll%t?lctl Q^^l liq 3^1
    Si-tctl IH . Mr{l IdC-fli ^ll-WiiaMl @9(l -H^C-fl
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    (JI ^IH S.
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    \dV
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    <^_^ll^1l,ll>t-Cjamopsis
    psoi'alioides.
    t^l-cl-H. 11. p.
    93; N.
    p.
    78; Watt.
    II. p. 673; |.-Pt. Ml.
    V.3Y.
    (qo); T^R, ^r (Ifo); Jlkllfl (H>).
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    sundara veerraju
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    W^'nCl'Hi^'i.
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    t'^il-cl-H. II.
    p. 92; N,
    p. 78; Watt.
    IV.
    p.
    386.
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    tKl'ct-H. II. p.
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    p.
    7S; Watt.
    IV.
    p. 385; |.
    9i. Ml.
    \ou.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    t^l-ci-H. II.
    p. 94; N.
    p. 78; Watt.
    IV.
    p.
    386.
    R-^^UlR-^i^a^i (>lH-iio); ^i^ (1?.).
    3-ei4'l-*^S^=Hl'il 6UHl ^IMl^ mail 51
    6,
    cl
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    *
    Bombay Natural History society's Jour-
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    sundara veerraju
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    p. 94; N. p. 78; Watt.
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    l^l-cl-H. ir.
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    IV.
    p.
    386.
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    ^iot D. C. ^ anivti^ i^i^i-^i


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    ^M^ (Hl 2(1^1 MlcHl IH d. ci M'i-
    ^CHft da{n a>iiil(l s?i[ Jxtil
    llH d. cl HatMl
    llil Mlil ^IH d. ll>Hl5il ^3l {1<:-{1 ^ c^M^
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    ^?fM
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    \^\{[ aHl^fl ilM
    S.
    <U^l^l a^lll SIM S^ svlcti ci Vii\m ^\i MWl
    3ll<Hlft <H^IM{1 \-im ^.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    m
    lti%'H(clli4'l.
    ^IH ^. iiil'il Kl^tC-ll (HR'ti Ml'l HMcl %lli
    ^IH ^.
    Ml
    <3M^'ll ll anUHl ^ll'^l M^'ii MH
    ^i\
    '^^^. d.
    ^jiM
    mhKi ?i^>-H
    iidii ^rt^n <v'=(\
    ^il ^ PiM^ <n ^j'%li
    SH^ iy?(M qm-ft 3Hl^
    svlil ani^ ^,
    SH^ <H">Hrt ^Rl ^^Idl Su-HlMl
    sviilKl 5H13R
    anS Ml'l ^1 M"^ ^Hl^^ ^IH .
    sitilHki mhKI ili^il ^i4*^
    ^?;^
    ^'h ^-
    "^
    %l6lrtl ?llll Wl r=M^
    ^'-11 Mil ^IH 6. MH ^SIH
    d cHl^ <3"H^'ft Ml^ iltfll%l^ctl ^31^0 fc) nH 6.
    cl'ft <nA Ml/lM^
    SHi'lt^ ^^"Hcti ci -"i^^d C-ll3l
    . '{\2iHl iWMl/lM^ 'nti'm ^ItAl HltflHl |Hl/\
    6. MrtKl =ll%l Jt i^ ^=tl >Hil%l^nl n^l 5H^
    SmMii-mi'I'O ^^'-h ildilHi i^>ii
    "1'^ <niog
    ^IH d. nM^ gfKl 'i^l IH d. ^ilHini Ml'lKl
    ^^H ildil'il *im
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    2*^0 fili"{l 4il
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    9{l 61^1
    SH^ '=lla'{\ ^^l<n aHl^{l ^IH d. ciM^
    iliM Mi^ ^^M >(lcniirti Qi^i wi
    ^iitail
    4Hi/l<iicai H''"*t'*<^i
    ^i*^ ^- ^
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    tH ^.
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    V^'W. **\^l C-llHS &.)
    ^IH d. cl-O IRHR Hl4i^ C-lAl, ^iCAl ^ ^iHl
    \ ^Si ^ "{IW 'Ml'fl'ti
    ^i
    ci'-fl c-thi ^IH d.
    %tl^ 'n^l^'fl >^l/l Mi"Hil ''{Is;! ati^ Mi^HilaHl
    5^ Hai{l ^ilHC-n ^lilv^a il{l MlMil^ =1'AM
    n JiiH c-ileti, MtA ^^i c-{l5ii "i iiuii, an^ i^
    ^ t^l'd lfc) <MH . ci ^SIH 6 rHl^ MlW
    ^^"i S^ai{l Mil <rtH ^. clMl 3 fl \
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    <M^ 5llAc-ll ^IH, ci<l ^MIH . n ivH ^H
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    Mi=i ^l^(l <Ml=lcti >1H . ^^ ^t'tl iHl5ll
    Wl^^cl ijCHl'd ^^ S. ^lliJKl S'Hd'll %liMlM^
    ^-
    ani^ ^. (^fl^Hl ^mi^l'll Slli'-H^ an^ cinl MSi
    ?llHi
    an^ ^IMS.
    ^i{i\ %[^i.i cl^"& "HM^IH . oJUl, %li<<ft
    an^
    Sll^PliR <3M^
    SH'li
    H^^l
    ''^l** '^^ ^"^^^^
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    ani^ 6.
    ^1^
    ^tA anj^ =tlMV
    <^l(l m4 5i^H C-tl5l d,
    aJlK idC^l^l^l >trt ^.
    5ni ^tA^l >4it^nMi H^^ 5^ V'liq^'ii iwM^
    =ilM4m>ti a^l^ 0. ftlHlta an^l ^ct^Wl S^-S Sm^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ql%'M(<teil4't-
    \\^
    Mil ^IH (Sli|
    ^I'ni
    ivrj
    IH) ^l an-Hi
    '^f^
    MIH d. atisi an^ w'lS^ M^ aH^ti "iW'fl <ni^i
    hHim% wn i<l^
    (HiJt^l^
    ,
    ci(l ^3}
    a>il^ ^.
    "
    <3H\% (H^lkl aMtqj. y^f^ft =l5l^Mi ri^l
    r-tW l^l S. HloHi^ ^'H'll 3^ Mll anfrl @M-
    ^(31, <i^% t[^, Rsi'4, IC-t/l, Q-MIS, ciw, ^W,
    ?i'-H4i =tlrt^in
    a>l *IH^ Hill & ^ Rd^ [^
    CHl^ d."
    (^.
    |5Hl125).
    Mi'^lRl <3M^ ^<i< WllMl 51 . an
    (^l^iimi
    Ht^M^l (HlsllHi IIH S.
    "Hejf M^2(l
    anMiii^l
    tHti Stl^l . 3l^ tKlfltjj
    %tR:^n 'IIH RtHMiSjf ^ cl, an^
    ai5l2^Mi
    ^U^Ih Ml 'tlH Rjidl (picta) d ci H\m\
    d. "SHl
    a^^i
    MHMR
    >{ltfll 1 (H^WSlcll Rltfll fat^
    <^=ll Mdl ^IH 'S. 5i^ t^|^
    rim
    ^HOliwi S
    n anKl aiH^ anPl ^ilsii siijiri ff^cii ^vim
    g^ ^
    t-^U^4liR-Alysicarpus vaginalis
    (
    Var. ) nummularifolius.
    lyi'rt-H. II.
    p.
    158; N.p. 84;
    Watt.
    I.
    p.
    204.
    . . ; j_
    *
    ^rttH? ^'l^'lWHi Vli^li^'ll Wlitl (h^W 3Wl
    Hll^P'tl ?ili \l^, ^IIJIWW r/'llli M<l=ii(ai ^%Wl
    Pl^^l Mi^ siii ii4Hi, "taiitai ti>i Mi^ ^hjiihw
    ''ll'fl <iM\. (H&R cIhs*- sH'^, MWRl 4tl Mi-
    Ul (SMH H^ Mll^^U ctMl
    t^sj ^^^ iiJ ^-W 5li-
    R-"%J?llil>l-^i*i >l^^i, sAt^ilt ^>l^^i, 3iu^
    >l^li
    (
    ^l+^o); *?i^5t qiR2r
    (qo).
    3-Hi4i-'IU^^>i^=tHl Sum ^ft
    A ^l|
    ^d C-lhl tlH d. ci ay>{lrt\^ Wia<Ai'tl
    ^1 H^^IH
    S. anni
    "Sl^HU llil W^iaJil 'llitfll ans ct^i^Jv'
    M1^1H{1 IH S.
    M'iJ
    yt^fl=lU ctHl 'cll^ft ^ll">MiaHl
    flicfd Siict^^ ^CHiH . MH
    <v5ii c-lini M*^ Hl4s^
    3\i2i4i ^iH . ^c-t i^lii iiCHi{l, ^ini wi ^
    <fn5sil wwi^cil ^iH S. ^il3i (^i) yNiqiafl,
    fr\[
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    a^Pl
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    ^a-^cttfflft ^ri^^ <iY3 avi4,
    <v>fl'iHi li
    ilil =*H^ ^llMiaiil-iiil S'H(atcl(V ^IH S,
    nvfl C-ti(Kl .MlaHl rfljcfic-n
    ^IH S, ^
    'J\(im
    qiai'fl aniya
    i=ii<fl
    vi^ <nifli (3fl s^aic-n aniM
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    'ili anPl
    ^i ^IH d.
    Mlrl-aHl'd^ ani^C-li ^IH S, cl
    \|
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    c-tivJ'i c-thi ^iH &. <v * c-tifcH sticii
    iH S ct
    V 2(1 H 4llt)'l Mimical ^IH , MiJl M C-ll?A2ft
    an^^'ti MH ei'lQtil alitfl
    ^iH d. ci Mltt^i "S
    a^^Pani ^Unl 'il^l'fl "iRil'li MH ^Hl ^""ilH
    S. MH-tl SM^-tl Ml<a C-n^ aH:^ '{[^^
    ^\Z
    "Hitflnl aniyfl I'-ti/lciicril ^m S. MKnl ildil 1
    2(1
    y 41l5:St th1 ^ \W.
    iV<l Hlclll ^IH d. MW
    v:il li[, ""H^^d a>iPl tni&R 'flstAcfl H^l-HlCAi
    ^IH d. ci <^h>[ ^8jM >MP4=lltfli anPl
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    taiWlcti, oiji, <v^i a>i^5i^c(l -hI^ an^ ani^ft-
    aMltAl ^IH S.
    ^H'^li-^lAl VWi, Hl^'ti^lct^i *f'=li(glu
    maceous) Mlrttni, etini, tm^i ^ijikcti, an-
    HflanitAi,
    an^ <c*a 't?tlHl(Ai ilH 6.
    ^$l-:^'^H 'mR^l i^'il^l ^^il ^iMiaJil^
    ^l
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    Hltfl'd |=ll<n^l(Al '(lic?l(l ^IH d. ct^lH^ \
    2(1 <^^^
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    ci (-^^i) s^ic-ii H^i
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    ^IH
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    S^cti
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    ^t^HOil^llH-M M^l^l "l^^l ^IH S. ^'li
    MR M^l MMH ^=li ^lll ^Wi, Hl'ii "llcl^i
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \\
    %<?MQ^^^<.
    9t^lH^^l, 'ifc-lSl H'^n**' MWcnl, ^tiiHtfldl, >ill<h
    t\i [^l Sis t>{liM^ <3^{ vii^h ^IH S. ^[t^l
    ^IH d! nil^ ^^^ ^^M 2H^(l ^IH d, 5>l4i \s
    eH\(V-">{l\l%l5lctl Wi ^iiiV
    <l?(H, C-fli,
    5llM-S<^l>li ll^ &. aMHl l^Hl 3iu^i (?iii) Vi7\
    d,
    Sli^JV rif^
    M>31 ciMi
    iH
    H^ . aJUl MH
    Mll iii tlH 0. aHii
    ofldv
    liltfl'O ^-"Mcl 31<1M
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    ^l ^IH
    '^, ftM 5MI 'Mrt'fl (Alysicarpus)
    Mn^lMitl ^IH d. an^
    <i 3lliR(5ii;^i
    ^v-H a<i^i d,
    \-<U^lM'll>t-A. V. (Var) stocksii ?
    tKl'ct-H. II.
    p.
    158.
    3-qi{iri-Wil ^>\V-tHl ^l-S'-tl \ ^ 'tl ^i
    5H^ ^i'^MHR'^ i^'ll^ '^n IRIJ'<1 Mldil ^IH
    ^. MH c-i'>i5ii(n, Mwtfii, 'n-^ ^miA^m "^wi^'-ti^i.
    \^[
    %{ li^ ihi i^ |: <fl \ tl^i Mi^itni
    ^iH d. (Immh Hi^-ii lid^i 5y=ii c^i<>{l aHt^flHmi
    iHlfl
    ill
    vfy ^l(Aft ^^lHll ^IH d. ^Ih
    (
    !^c-i ) 3 a ^ i^lHl(/(l, Y (l M C-liy'i C-ti"{l,
    f
    enWd Ml^l[l, "il^ ^8jH 5H<^nHltf(l, ^ ^^M-
    Sidi 3Hmi SuHiM^ m4s^ w^iii'Hitn'fl sii^l
    ^^i^Mi Ml^Hl ll Sillily ol
    . @\t?\i3i
    H3l-( ^3^(>l^l^
    ).
    \-i!U^HilH-A.
    bupleurifolius.
    i-^dl'd-H. II.
    p.
    158; N.
    p.
    84.
    5l-"^J^ll'llH-"Mi>\^^l ( Ml+>19 ).
    c-ihl IIH 6. ci'O ^if^l^Hl H^M t^ Mlrtrt
    ^IH
    t5. d m%i "S jJU'-ti^ tl^^ ^<.C1 (2(1 at-jcft
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    MK
    a^id^ a>il^C-li, \ ?(l 3 tl2* -Hhi, an^
    f
    ?ft \\
    C-llfcH ^l^mi ^IH . ci '-n-Pl Ml^aH
    n%ii, ^t^lSdi, ^^^ C-lM anHflndl ^IH . M-
    Mi^i(/(i, ain,
    attfiicfl, ^^^ ^iiH
    wi^fiHiaa ^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    tl%"H&li4l.
    R\C-
    t-<ll^HilH-A.
    longifolius.
    tyi-cl-n. II.
    p.
    159; N.
    p.
    84.
    Mi anR ^. ci
    I (l 3
    "^
    4 ^1a (3211 ^^ d.
    2H^
    ll>Hl^l SHi
    'Hiofi^ft
    Hl4i^ i^-Jl ^'I'H
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    an^ ^^l
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    >i(adl an^l %=u M'^i, j[l>i, ^ <v^i
    (i^i
    411^1
    anlH d. ^ ^cllM^
    (
    ^M Sis (3=0 flMMlCHl >
    Mi<l ^M\ aniM ^IH S, Jy'iW HqiH <n*l
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    >i*"Hill4llH-|. l=t sil^i, 4i%ni ^w^i
    <i^%
    ^'i-fl, an^
    iiil MNilSii
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    (ijiayq
    Y a M CHiy^ ChWI
    ^\
    &at
    i^i^iaa,
    M^{||
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    ^iv
    -^'-ilil an^l i^iaiC-flciitfO
    ^^ f^
    ilUl^ ^m '11->>HI IH ^l Ml^Hl aHS^a
    MV
    qui di4<ii ^14 ^l^fl^i^p^ ma itStM "iiw
    inn S. ani <3M^^ <^<'"3iiH
    S
    1, >l^=twi ^i^=ii
    ^iuiani^ a^Rl (X^'i R^^t MS a>tl^ d. ani
    ^^IR'IHI U=ll;i 3lJ<H
    (
    Lucerne
    )
    Kl >11 <tl^-
    clR i^^imi
    ani^ ril ci aiis
    tlliWl =Hl^l rtfl>
    <S(l^H4l
    (enslage) "Klin ^i^iPl
    m^j tti^fi
    Hil3[l lW Mi dH . ^t^l^qui ^U^l^ ilCl-
    ctill aH3l^ ^clioi vHl't 'HiJl
    ^l^S ani^ d. ani
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    "Slfcl >iW ovsiiaJi
    an aHl>Hi (^e^^tH^ii H^i^ ilH ^.
    anl %l5l^llPll SU^I
    %^i:<Hl'{l 'Icl'fl H't-
    ^^MfclMi lft C-li5ll, tll
    anP^ <i^l Jlt ^. cin
    5iPi (ii
    anPi
    >^i'ii %5i^qi, ctii hii
    R^H
    5^ -otlH ^ 11^ anPl
    ilUl^^^"^l i^ d.
    i-^U^HnW-A. rugosus.
    t^l-ci-H. II.
    p. 159; N.
    p. 84.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \\o %*vt\Q[%^<.
    ctlMl
    sMliJ^
    r-*l^
    ^l** ^- *^H cl(<al .(4f,MlJ-
    (fi'ti, >i<i5i ^<oi ^^^m\, 1 (l 3 ^2t imi,
    ^IH ^, nn^ 3(l5iioQa^ Ml^ Mt?l ^^ll ani^CHJ
    <M'4^l <^oi-l Wi ^IH ^. H'li ^^^i Ml^ H'Mcl
    an^ ^ill (!iC-t) 1^0 tlo ^r^Mi Hl4i^ (jijlHC-ti
    ^IH Si [ln (!^c^)-3
    ?fl M iHi=tiw(l ^ih d. ci
    6. ci C-fl^fl, aicflicfl, an^ \\>sl <^[ ^si'ft ^IH
    d. ci'ii ^i^i'fl ^i^iniW c-t'^iw i^ni v^i (n^t
    ^IH S, an^ i4lM^ aHiil s-<2tfl MiC-{l ^IH S.
    XHrti SU^I SiRW ^l^JiKl ^ll l^il VS=llHl
    3l . ci ^R'il aii:^! ci:ht <3M4lmi ani^ g.
    H31 (^O^Ch^I^).
    t-^ll^lMrlR-A. styracifolius.
    t^krt-H. II.
    p.
    159.
    \i (Ai-m m*{ d. ct <n|^i ^Hl'iM^ Mi^iHCHi
    |iH S. an^i %iiHR3j ^-nw <Sil5Hl%l5l^tl v^l
    ^IH S. cllMJl
    sH-fl ^ll''tlSllM^ mtflKl
    (h^^
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    m'JlHl ani-vM^l
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    JH^^Hl i^ S. 5i^[ MH C-ll^l%l>l^Hl ^'il
    \^ ci?fl 'iUi.l'ti ^IH S.
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    ^R >HIH S.
    an McH^'Hlwft
    im
    oj^ift'tMl 5lRil5t R^H (3l g.
    X-kii^^'lVH-A. heyneanus.
    t^l-ct-IJ. IL .;p.; 159, ji) ;j.
    .
    an^ lil 11H S. ^m[ ^ll>Hl5il ^l3>liv cOi<^
    Ml^ltfli, ^ ^^^ SlitnitiHcti ^IH S. Ml'i Mlcttfli,
    ^^^|l 'iWlli, ^
    (1 y 1 ^ tiat 6li"ii
    an^
    f
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    anHl Sn'-il
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    HlC-lHi(l ^%tl Kliol S. ci ilJm (n-ilH^Hl illHl
    aHl<l <l"^ Sim ^m S,
    V^U^l^Wil-A. racemosus
    (
    Belgan-
    mensis).
    iVkd-II. II.
    p. 160; N.
    p.
    84.
    V'^^flrlW-5til%l>t^<\(Mlx?io);g^qirq2r(To);
    3-H>i-^^
    ^V^^^l-Hl Sli<Hl SilMl^ ciH<V
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    H'^
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    Mi^lHfl ^l*i S. MK C-t'^5\i(n; v,c-t avi<g^i ^OHJ;
    a>i^ ^fl^l 'il^l'fl ilH S,
    l4,
    an^ =fl^d ^ MVwtcl
    ^IH S. m ^i'lfHct
    an^ ^=ll ant^ilMcil C-tlSl S.
    iiil >lJi <ll>Hia>ll-.slil wA<t^
    ^[^. &.
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    -^
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    ^clt^l '^<l Mtctft ^ll^MlSHl 'fli^ic-fl ^iH S. ci
    ^^ {l{l ^ attflScfl ^IM S. ci'tlM^ H"Hci mjjiov
    ^^H ^m 1 oi^^i^iKaKl |Hi/l aHi^fl ^m S.
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    clftfl^ iv^l li^i, >i*i3\ >^i^icni, iliil Ml?! <v^i
    g^Mi^Pwi ^ ^^^ ^ji ^w S. ^
    7
    a
    f
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    H^ri \
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    C-thi, an^ |r fl
    ^
    tiat Ml^iwii
    ^li S. MW-ft ildil <Ml4<V 3 0 V eiia'i CHi>{l
    ^IH S. MnKi 'i'^ ^MIcH'O 'I^IMR
    a>i^ MUHl
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    SIM aHHMRS<U
    <^i
    t'^lH S.
    (3"U"Hi'i-Hi'ii \M^i <^^i, iii^
    an^fltiwi,
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ei*l%"H(cil^t.
    5i^\
    "S Mi^ ^Hl <V^l S^ 0^ 5>iirt^ nii aHl^tl
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    ^IH d. <^Mi
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    MlJ/l 31HI M^-A %llm ^l'Hl Mil ^H^. .n.'3i^i
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    tai-ct-H. II.
    p. 168} N.
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    HI. p.
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    p. 82.
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    t^l'rt-H.lI. p. 168; N.
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    t-^ll^1lriiH-D. laxiflorum ?
    l^l-ct-H. II.
    p.
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    t^kct-H. II. p.
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    t^l'rt-ll. II.
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    (iii^W'ii ii^
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    l-^U^miH-Pueraria tuberosa.
    t^krt-H.II. p. 197; N.
    p. 88; Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p. 363; ?. Pt. ML
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    tSil-rt-H.
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    H5l-( llo^(>l^lR:(l.
    )
    t-^ll'^M1l>l-P'
    trinerviua.
    l^l^ci-H. II.
    p.
    203; N.
    p. 89; Watt.
    YI. part. I.
    p.
    194.
    ^-"^^ll'lR-=Hini<S VI
    (
    ^lo+?io
    ). ?2#,
    g?5ft, 3^1^,
    (To); ^Twn (ifo); g?^Tiq-ni (^o).
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Via
    <l*i%'H(cl=n4t.
    i-(l4'*-aH'Hl =tSll VI '^^l 11H d. ct
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    ani rn^MH^ii h^i
    (P. Mungo)'j Mi=ln^
    X-kli^^riVH-F. pauciflorus?
    t'^dl-rt-H. II.
    p. 202; N.
    p.
    89.
    ffV'<fl <f^il,
    C*fl sAt^fl
    (J,t^l^lil; ^"liRi'li MH
    '-tlfni ^IH d. MMH 'ilSHi, 'H'^Hi^l ^iil^
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    5lrti
    >i(/i:^
    ?!i!Hli C4l"il ^^ 311^ 6,
    l-^U^MrllH-P. radiatus.
    l^krt-H. II.
    p. 203. Watt. VI. part.
    I.
    p. 191;
    ^ R, Ml.
    U\.
    (
    ff ); f^^,
    Art? (?To ).
    3-n4't-*H'tl SHI>MI ^li^lM^ Hl^i^
    iO*'^
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    ctl<HHi wHl^ Mi*li Mi^ft aHn>'t oHlM d cHl^ lii^
    h4-( ila^fn^i^ ).
    1-<U^14ilH-Clitoria ternatea.
    l^kct-H. II.
    p. 208; N.
    p. 89; Watt.
    II.
    p. 375; ^. Pi. Ml. 33t.
    R-"^^[l'lR-3RH[l,
    "SlH^l,
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    MQJ
    ani
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    1-^ll^1*lilH-C. biflora.
    t^i-ct-H. II.
    p. 208; N.
    p. 90.
    3-<Hl3Ji-aHl SRl^ft'tl ^liHl ^CHlrfl ^V5 -t^
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    Watt.
    H3l-( ^S^Ri^i:^.
    )
    1-^ulHiR-Dolichos biflorus.
    l^ict-H. II.
    p. 210; K
    p. 90;
    III.
    p. 175;
    I.
    R. Ml. \^\.
    R-"^^ail>l-43RlS<A?(l, |3Rl(3 H[Hm (Mlo);
    =llil<3-il^
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    l4-( ilo^^H^i^ ).
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    i8W-H.
    II.
    p.
    211.
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    \-<ll^*tiW-Rhynchosia minima.
    tyi-d-H. II. p. 223; N.
    p. 91; Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p.
    503.
    R-'^^ll'llH-sAiJiia iM^^c^, jA^isa itfflti^c-t
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    dftig^i-
    t-^ll%(lMilH-R. minima (Var)laxiflora.
    t"^dl'd-ri. II.
    p.
    223.
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    p.
    224 i^l^
    l-<U^<lilH-R.
    viscosa.
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    t^ict-H. II.
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    H^hii 'ilh<f\[^i "S m(^ hit <S5l . ^ 10 (l
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    t-^U'^*lil*l-Bauhinia tomentosa.
    t>^<il-ct-H. IT.
    p.
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    p.
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    ^ Pi. Ml. <^^.
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    p. 276; N.
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    ^
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    t^di-ci-H. II.
    p.
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    t<>il'Ci-H. II.
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ll*M(ciei4*t.
    3o\
    R^rti'ft nio9Si(l
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    ).
    \-^U^HllH-Mimosa sepiaria ?
    t^ict-H. II.
    p.
    291.
    ^f5f,
    555JI^^
    (^o),
    ^WBJ^ (^<=)
    MH
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    3o% ii%'H(nq^t.
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    ).
    t-<ll^*t*llH-Acacia Arabica.
    tkci-H. II.
    p.
    293; N.
    p.
    102; Watt.
    I. p. 18;
    ^o Pio \io
    y^i.
    MllmiHtfi, ilmwa, HK<a (Mio); <nw<n (340),
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    ^o
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    ^8fM MlH (CH aHiHi Mi^ Leaflets)
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    p
    n*t%'H(rtei^l. 303
    5[St-H'*MHl*li^'tl^ all i!/!^ f^'tm ^^l =tl'-a-fl
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    \-ti^l <^l'-l'il-(Leac3eua glanca)
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    azadirach-'niH.
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    itJi 3133.
    l-^U^HnR-A. Farnesiana.
    tdl'Ct-H. II.
    p. 292; N.
    p. 103; Watt.
    I.
    p. 48;
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    t'^dl'd-H. II.
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    sundara veerraju
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    ^15^i
    l-^ll^lM'lR-Albizzia Lebbek.
    t'-dl-ct-H. II.
    p. 298; K
    p.
    lOi; Watt.
    I.
    p.
    1.t6; So Pto >tlo -jiSY.
    (flo
    );
    fMiq^, RiCm, ^-t^sm (
    fl^);
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    odoratissima ?
    t>^iKfl-H. II.
    p.
    299; N. p. 105; Watt.
    I.
    p. 158;
    (km,
    tii^nlaHi ^^^
    (mixo^o);
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    i'^dl-i-H. II. [x 300.
    (Mlx?io).
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    sundara veerraju
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    dulce.
    lei'ci-H. II.
    p.
    o02; N.
    p.
    105;
    Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p.
    287;
    R-'^^lI'lR-Ric-tiHcfl 5Hi"in, SisisiO (Ml+U);
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    I'^il-d-Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p.
    283.
    \- '^^llil>l-^wi [kW'i aH^c-li ^ifii
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    (Ml+?io).
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    l-^U^<4iW-Bryopliyllum calyciiium.
    tyi-cl-H. II.
    p. 413; N.
    p. 108; Watt,
    I.
    p.
    543.
    ^i=Hij(iio); wRr55,^raqr(i^(To); 3i^fl|?jrcT(rio).
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    33<i
    i'l%'H(rti4't-
    ci3l-(5}lV).
    i-^U^lHilH-E.
    Jambolana.
    t8kct-H. II li. 499; N.
    p.
    114;
    Wall
    111. p.
    284. ^. Pt. Ml. v\v.
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    t-^U^*liR-Lawsonia alba.
    tSkd-H. II.
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    IV.
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    VI. part IV.
    p. 82; \. Pi. Ml. ^Y.

    The Poisonous Plants of Bombay By


    Lient-Colonel K. R. Kirtikar.I. M. S. F.
    L. S. Vol. I.
    p.
    15. (1896).
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    aHioivilfcl ani^ S.

    The Poisonous Plants of Bombay. By


    Surgeon Major K. R. Kirtikar, I. M. S.
    F. L. S. Vol. II. p. 482.
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    t^l-cl-H. II.
    p.
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    p. 133; Watt.
    Vl-part IV.
    p. 76; ^. Pi. Ml. \33.
    R-"^*flrllH.-l^lil (Ml+Jio); 31R^
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    celsum.
    t^l-rt-H. III.
    p. 35; N.
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    #.aM-H. III.
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    d.
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    l-<ll^t1R-0. Heynii.
    m-ci-H. III.
    p. 65; N.
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    t-<ll^4iW-Randia dumetorum.
    t'^iin-H. III.
    p.
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    VI. Part. I.
    p. 389; ^. ft. Ml. ^s^s.
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    p
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    t^l-ct-H. III.
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    =llMi a>ii'^ ^.
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    ^JiS
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    ani ^^^lldMi Hla>il^[lil tl^H^ ^^ ^ sf^Ml
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    H^
    tt*'M(rt<t^t-i.
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    >i!^ j^e(i;i
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    ^^Jl
    dY^iad
    l-^U^l^rii^-Spermacoce
    hispida.
    t^l'ci-H. III.
    p. 200; N.
    p. 148; Watt.
    VI. part. III.
    p. 320.
    (?iO;
    ^t^, *??fl^^ (j?o);
    g^ffr, ??5i^r
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    3$-V
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    "V-^ wH^y aHH yi^l
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    (artemisia vulgaris) "fl ffnct'd 'H'i^Mfct'ii ^<H
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    ^. aHlW SHIHI "VjjSil ani 'jSiRi i'-Mlrli CHJt
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    siVM^, an^ clMl R^
    JJ'fctfl stl "f^Ht^, aH;\
    \-^U^lMiR-Vernonia cinerea.
    ^gkcl-H. III.
    p.
    233; N.
    p. 153; Watt.
    Vl-part IV.
    p. 231; |. ft. "m. Ma.
    5i?.<il
    (^jo);
    er?F^r, ^rr^l^l
    (qo);
    ^i^iu gfrC,
    g^t^r
    (ffo); ?i?>^r (??).
    3
    H^'^-^^^'^i ^i-"*' ^iii^i H<^[ %'Ai viiH
    <S\qiMi ani^ . ^
    ^
    (l 1
    "^
    ^ lOd Sail qti d.
    *
    (1)
    NatureseriesouBritish Wild Flowers
    Relation to Insects, by Sir John Lubbock,
    Bart., M. P., & C. & C. London
    (1890).
    (2)
    Flowers; their Origin, shapes perfumes
    and colours, by .J. E. Taylar. Ph. D. & &.
    London (l7t!).
    (3=(l -H^C-fl, aHlHl ll>HlaHi ^sa an^ ^aisfl ^IH
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    ^
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    "^ilM
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    ani'Hcfl IH cil ani^
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    (h. ^3Hl8l5).
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    o)
    oil (l Shjs
    aHUl iVdC-fl aniq ?,
    ^f^^f
    <?9*Hl t'o y^.
    V^lll<lil>l-V.
    anthelmintica.
    t'^dl-ct-H. III.
    p.
    236; N.
    p.
    154; Watt.
    VI.
    p.
    IV.
    p.
    229; ?. Pi. Ml. Mvs^.
    5l-"l^[lill-5l(nl25^ (Ml); hii[5i>i\
    (sjo);
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    ^""^iaHl'ft 'H'^Hi aniq^li ^IH ^. ci |= ^a^?fl
    f
    ^ai ivisti c-ii<tl an^ ndii<v m^i^ \(^m ^ih
    d. V 'fill
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    ^a^Si
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    'Hl5i
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    %ii,
    \ ani^QSR an^ "H^H^ ^i\ u^%icil -uiiaiHltni
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    ^^
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    ^^ 1^<:-(1 anPl
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    Mi! 'Ha^lli an^ ^^^ JJ^l (r^^il ^3f1l ^IH
    &- cl
    Mi-^il-il ^mm (3ail ^>HI<11 ^m ^. MRPR'
    ^l^iH^-1
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    i>/l
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    ^m<s\i<\ 'k ^mi dii Sis '^Ma
    Rh
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    (sail aniHill ^IH
    6i.
    siQiUlH Mi">n^'-ft 'ft^i ifiaj-
    iiM^ ani^sii
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    d.
    (pappus) ^IH ^. Si MiyflMKl ^W^\ \^
    J
    Sj(ji-(achenes) il^lM i^lM '^tRl ^'Hl, ^ Ml^
    j
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    ^^S
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    ani^^
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    ^.
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    and
    ^
    CHlW't Mil5l ^l^l'Ai ^IH
    S. i^CH^ ^iitActi
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    s^CHKI Sl(Al ^ict^ Sl<il 'il^Hcti dKl aHr<ft
    9i?l-
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    i^
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    ^Wl 4lldMi Hai'-Q ci'ti >(lilaHi i<l iuiaHlPl
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    M^ "iiH^tmi a)ii^ ^.
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    ani^ ^. lA^iii elCii si'Jilsj^'ti >{l<v an^ ^^Hl
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    5i>i\^[ anl^ii U^l eHltffl <i'i\ <Ht^ Ml^iHl
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    HH^MfcietliH.
    3^VS
    "iltalss^ ^^H, dl^^l,
    gtii^,
    <l4l^ ^tHRHl^,
    . iltf[l25^ ^^ISit:^ ^-Hl^liHi ctlH, SMMHcfl,
    iWHl Ml^ VOJ
    3HMIH
    ^."
    (
    q. ?ll. M. 5ii.
    )
    ^[H 5lttl?ft 'cli^ll %il^l S[lM?l ^[^. ^. 2{N\ S^l-
    <(i(a m1 ^ cHtX (sHl^m SliM-SqiKl ^ll
    Slt41?^^l kihll ^m\. =HMIH ^. ci RiqiH
    Ba^ iMl ^H'i 2:^3 Ml ^. ''li-^J!, aniSt^l,
    at^R l?i^
    IH cMl^ <n\. ^mi ^l^l 21^l IH
    Km\ 51^125^ cic-tqi'/ll 5^:^ aH3R ^"^Oi ^H^
    2^R QiPl iltfila?^, 3H^ ^i 91151 Pis^tni ^tA<l
    qi^ Mi^ ci^i =41 H^Ir
    ^iyi
    i^i ^; 2h^ s^i
    Hic-t, 5^1^ 01 niili." (il, <fl. jA.)
    SO\U{ -mAi iiqi?fl
    aH;^ iltfll?^:^ i^ 6. SH-Hl
    Ml!/1 "VVJ >h(1
    i^H ^. Hl^ qi'cl^ 3Hl(^ 3l^"i
    'Ai\'{\ ^HM^Mi 3li':(l^ cHl H^l . 5H^ |3l^^i
    MllHi 'UHiHl ?ll"Sl ^IdKl y^%i Hl^
    M3J
    Sirii {l<v ^Jft ^l-oi . iic/ili)<lcii ^iiHi ani
    il^*?ii^ Mi^J il(Al2i)(l i^ S, MiSJ ci (Ni-
    gellasative)'H( <Kl/ ^.
    ^-^U^l<l1lH-V. cinerascens.
    t-^dl-ct-H. III.
    p.
    237.
    ^. n H<^n=iiV ilM (3=a hHI ih ^. MH
    lcti iiH ^. MH
    ^
    ft ^ ^^i eihi anPl 1
    ?a
    (flower head)ft f^m
    'Jthi, 3<lQii, ^[ai H<\i
    H^ji Hl^! y--tl<al qi^Kl |qi^
    a^^
    tll5l 16
    aH4l
    3Hl"Hl SUHIM^ ilbl ^m ??['{{ \<=iii\
    ^IH S; shKI ilil an^ ^ll'^ilsHHi Slioil an^
    d^ct 5ii(A>Hl5r aniq . ^S^^il s^cll anHl 1^=11
    q^l^ i|i3J
    an^ <H^l=lHl'Al ilH . Ml^ aH;^
    aHrii ^1
    an^
    '^*l^i ^S^il Ml (HIR i^=llH(
    ani^ ^.
    an
    ilfiHiqi^, (^H an^
    M^t'^Mi ilH d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    3^<: ti%-M(ntigirt.
    ^-Jill^lH'im-Elephantopus scaber.
    l^ikct-H. III.
    p. 242; N.
    p. 154; Watt.
    III.
    p. 208;
    I.
    Pi. Ml. \\(,.
    (^);
    nrff (ffo); ^la^ra, itrf^fr {e).
    &. ri 4^l -m^i <^mm Ql^lHC-ll |lM
    *. ci 'n'H
    U>HiaJllini
    I
    (1
    ^ (Id (3211 tlH . S^'il
    MH SHl^ d, d H^b^ M'lcltfli'tt
    Ml
    sy^fUM^
    4l^lHCHi ^IH 'S. d'llM^ 'H"'>ici inuiil ^^iKl Wl*il
    IH . ll""llM^'li "4K !^<l d<ii dd( 5H^ Httil'ii
    an^
    3Hict^ aMl^C^|
    ^IM ^. ^U-^l5ilM"i; Ml'l ff?=ii
    Ji'^MM^l'fl 2>is^ ctRl
    Ml 5^5a-il ^'Hi "jSl (flower
    head) ani^
    ^, n<i ^it^MM^l rflgf^jj aHi^dsiR
    an^
    "m^i ^iM ^. J^st
    ^wi^iqitni an^
    S^O
    'ti<=iicni ^iH
    '5.
    1-(3"klu>i-Sid[ ;>i(nPli 51^1 ^is^Kl ^[h n^-
    cii"Hqicai^ tnisj
    ^hmih &. mii<^ -h t^dcii ^m
    cil an^t
    MH -Hlf^flJli
    Sil^n ct 3RH MI^PhI
    ^-^^IHS-^^cllKl Hlog5i, Mll^fl-ll ^l^a>it J:i7,
    o/'lRi 516!. an (^orii ^tjji >HRl ^l^lmi 8ilH 6,
    ^-(h^H R'^^'i.-Si'ti yuqHl MH svMl'l-
    M^ liMl^I'li MH Ml ^M'ik, MU^IH S, an^l
    ct m^i -^H^^li ^IH w(, ll^ an^
    H^^i^lMlHl
    ^. ii^ 5iPi
    ;?irt^Qiii
    an^ ai^'ti v^^^i
    c-ihi
    (Mlo+JJo);
    gR?I airai^'l (tto).
    3-i4't-^'^i ^i>i"Hi ^iMi^ Hi^ii d^ d. cl
    \ m
    < kli <3=Hl =1^ d, S^Hi
    llil CHi'j{l ^ll>Ml-
    a^l
    ^IH $, MH R%imi, ct^ q>M?t anld^
    MJ
    anRCHi ^IH , cl H^l C-flCHl ^ani,
    t^'^
    Ml/lM<
    Ritfii
    >H^d ctitfi'd
    ^-Hi/lmtni, Mictt/n ilda'-titni,
    ctfm ?lui ^ijfikcii, qa^^ii
    Mi^itai, vi^ anH-
    =tai
    %\-i^ Wrsl %tiiiitrti ^^^ a|l
    aHt^ft^l^ni
    ^R ^. MnHl ''si^ iR^llt/fl
    ^l*t d. MK \ m
    K
    ^at
    CHhi anPl
    ; a <i.^
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    dMi 3
    gf^l
    35i^{l 4^1 (^IH $. ^et (flower
    head) '--ii'Ai \ 'i['rkc< ilbl <rn<a^l i5l{l wiHl-
    'Hcti ^IH d. d ^UMiaJll^ di dl^-Hl ^il^Hl'd
    Ml iia Mlcttfft ild^M^ ^i^ni ^IH S. ani s^i
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    Ji'^MM^
    ani^^ ^IH . ^i'-MM^lKl (i,R ^ ^ i
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    a/1^
    Hatli
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    i{CH-t>ClK'-(achenes)-iitfll
    iMl, ct(tfl{ Ql^ll
    dMyi^lltfli, ani itog oy^i
    Hije^ctj^
    |
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    an^
    M (3C*a HR-Hicni ^IH S.
    ail^
    ^8llc?l
    ^y^^^
    sictiqitAl M ^ivil ^3Ht, @^l, (i"{l anl^flHlcai
    Slctl tH &.
    5i4l ani-^l
    ^l^'-llM^ ?lltai -HK^i. HltAKl |cti/l
    ^IH .
    aq^ ^tJ[
    fciicai
    ^31^ an^
    ^UHHl ilMl-
    <^ll
    ^^
    ^IH ^.
    ai^rii
    a)il>Hl duqRi(l ctlMi^i
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    nHia tli^n
    (3H qi^ 'die?! d,
    T>
    ^wi5i Jlislt
    (<ni^l)
    =l^is?^l f*fl^ai^ll
    ^w,
    an;)
    dMift
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    giM d.
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    5}:^ aH/oi^i s^ctt
    (fe^i. 5iKl qi Miy Mlii
    H5i-(jf>^iiQjia.)
    1-^ll^HiR-Ageratum
    conyzoides.
    tkcl-H. III.
    p. 243; N.
    p. 155.
    ^
    Pi. Ml. \i\. ^\f.
    ^i\H.
    l-^ll^1'-lrii>i-CyathocHne lyrata.
    ^^dicl-H. III.
    p.
    24fi; N.
    p. 155.
    R-"^*ftrim-a5il>MRU (Mlo); imNt
    (J+Ro).
    3-e(4'i-='ilt^Hi ^ucii ^mm ddi^ an;^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <5-(3Mll5l-Si'il ctlM Su^l MiM^ HiH=tl^
    'tfl, Kl'ili
    "^
    r\(l\n'^
    bit <35l , Ml^ Mli^n ^isl
    n^i anicii
    ^i^;i c-n^t,
    an^ n ^idc-ti ni ys^
    ^iH ^ 1 ct^i <A\k. a^d
    MiQi^i^ c-tj^H inn
    ^,
    3^4-
    cien^i 300.
    "l-^U%ClHiR-Grangea maderaspatana.
    I'^Al-d-H. III.
    p. 247; N.
    p.
    155; Watt.
    IV.
    p.
    175.
    C'iio+^io); ^^\^^
    (^to); ufd^ (f?o); arcRi^mJT
    M'ii^iH^i an^ "Si'cJ'-tR
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    ^ai
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    HltA'fl ^ltA ^IM
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    c-ihi iH d.
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    .
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    x^m
    ^IH ^. H
    ^cttAl <^^ til a>i^ 3lita 1
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    2(1 3
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    M "^r a^w^ii Rchri-
    Hicfil
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    ^IH S. S^S ^^
    (flower head) 'ft
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    s^i k^H'ii
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    ^^^
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    't^H
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    ^ 2ft 3 ^['S'i '^^^l (^IH S.
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    an^ ^aiMl H^iH
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    |
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    an^ aniati/lM^
    MiJl
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    feMani
    an^ an^^iiiJft anmi
    3RH s^
    =(^^Ki ?iitM^
    'HiH^mi
    ani^ S.
    ^qi >^HlH S, =1AT 5i ?U^>H?iM Ml
    f^HlSl
    ^rt^lMi
    an^ <Kl'il=lltfll
    ^liaH (51 6, MQJ
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    )(09
    eitl%'H(ciq4*l-
    1-^U%fllilH-Con}
    za stricta ?
    t^W-H. III. p.
    258; N.
    p.
    155.
    V"^^llrim-Hll
    ^c-i^l
    (^lo); -^lili kC-l^l Ojo).
    til i5i{l iiH d. nM^
    c*{l ^i^i
    an^ ^I'-ni
    mcfiKl 3Hiaf\ 231A 5Hl^ft ^IH ^-
    ll'^l=Hl tdl
    ^i^l
    aH^
    ^SS
    m'/l'd (h^IH W>rA ^IH .
    8a{
    lhi
    an^ 'j 2(1 1
    '^
    I
    fia< "^i^m
    ^IH 61.
    5j$l-(
    flower head
    )
    'iltJ.l'fl 'lli&l'fl "4l4^il
    ;y|^M -^ 2(1 =^ ^^ fiti'-^i "Hl^l ^'Hi
    'jiH ani^ili
    ^iic?i tii(ai
    qitfiHl Hi:'\=ti<ni ^ih d. ^hi ^u-
    ani^ ^.
    3lil
    Sum
    an^li ^QhI
    an^ ^l&li'tl 11
    ^il^lMR
    cliffy 3'il "h1^
    an^
    'S'O
    fl<Hl5lW
    iH^ 30R.
    t-*ll^Hil>l-BKimea
    Wightiana.
    t^i^ci-H.
    III. p.
    2G1; N.
    p.
    157.
    R-'^G^il'iW-aiRiMi^l (Mi+?io);
    %^*n3?si
    d, ci i ft 3 ![U (3211 tlH 6, "ii'J'-ii^ n-d
    Si'd ^U'^lSil iiil>-(l
    'JKttit xjlctf/fl, (3=(l a^ddl,
    an^ ^sa ilH , dl M^l ^iiilHl dil MmHl
    'iii^i'O ^ii">hi5hi ct->Ha ^iil(l Siiil
    (!a(l tiHl
    ^m
    S. iiil ^-rtcffl^d M^l^Sl <^<1,
    an^ ^ll'niaHl
    ^U ^Rl2(l ^il ^clt/ft 0Y<1
    ff^-H
    ilM 6. clM
    ^l 61^1, ^8fH
    ^iwHl ^Hi/l an^ CHRl ^qi(Al
    %i5s ^itaKl \'^m ^iH S. MH anid^ ani^c-ii,
    iliil vi^ ii^iwi,
    i3H^ ^i^itni, ^^^ ^itfii'cl-
    lrti "i aHt^ftm^ni
    im.
    d. ciHl "Sr ?icti=ii/(l '^m
    an^ "SlWqR ant ^teWMl =(liW ^IH ^. MH
    ^
    2(1 M
    ]at iliil ^Irti aini, anPl 3 C-tlfc[42(l
    1.1-
    "^
    ^
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    d. an^i C-tio{l MlrH^
    ^dilM-< ll"^iaHl^ Oil ctH^V M^"^H3lHi2ft iO*'
    J^JS-^l "^^Wi
    ^
    ^=H t^Mi^di
    'i^[
    ( flower head
    )
    ani anfuil uqmi2(l ^ib (Mct-^l 3( 'Hl
    I'n'k
    c-fl^ ani n5ii2{l ct^d <^.\ ^m-^vSiHii 'S.
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    -ui^ an^ "(Im ^ih '^iHl ^pm
    S. mm\'<
    yt^fl ^Rfl 1P(1 Ml?^ ^^M3 (ilH cil
    anKl cti%i Mi^ ati^ii anicini ^2(1 Hi^ Si;i
    5li3t4>ll5Q i^ ^. ^rt^
    an^ -HlilaHllli, <1>1<V
    i<H5i 303.
    \-^ll^1<4ilH-B. lacera.
    i^l-ct-H. III.
    p. 263; N.
    p. 157; Watt.
    I. p. 459; ^
    [<. Ml. M^M.
    ">(l5\i
    i^^aJii,
    s<;-(?.R (?io); >irg^^ (*i) **^
    (f5o)K
    ff'^?
    (^o).
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    etn^'HQeit^'t'
    Vd\
    ^. ^^M i^^ 0Y<1 '=t(^(l
    J< yiitHd =im '{litAcd
    ^l*t ^. Hl SUHl \2(l 3 s^i
    (3X11
    ^IH $.
    5H^ =(lsi^5ictl 1 ^'HICAI ^IKA'd |WI(A ilH .
    ^IH ^. ^<H flower head Ml<nU'Hi
    SH^ \^-
    *Kliv
    achenes
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    5^^
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    1-<3"Hil5l-wi'li -mix rtl'H 5H^ ^(fcl-HHl S^t-
    l2l ^[h M^ 5HNIH . 5i^i MK Hl^^ clKl
    lM{l ^Rrll 2lisi*li SiJqict Mil ^IH <tl dM^
    'Hi^'Hl^i anW
    6i.
    aJirti SMiTHi ^u^l l=-a^ wi^
    =41^1,1^
    B
    i^'Hl HiSJl eli^l MlrtHi M^mI <Mi^
    ^i.
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    ." (^o
    ^JHlt2i)).
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    ill Sh ^.
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    21^-
    aHlt^
    <vHl'l'Hi MiiJ ^dl ^U={1 ^CHl (St^lRl =^1^ ^.
    5H (iorii mjii-ui^i (Hl^lRi llH d.
    -i^^^l i^ ^. iJi^lsHlHl H^fl ^dl 811H S,
    i^ d. (N.
    p. 156).
    IdC-tli ^l^l ani^
    i^^H^^ M<ii i^ &.
    \-<U^lHilH-Laggera alata.
    iKl'ct-H. III.
    p.
    271; N.
    p.
    157.
    V^<lltlH-^llU*(&U(Mlo
    lio); J^lg^^(JTo).
    3-en|rl-aHdl ^uqi StRiy ^1
    ^ ^ ;^ ?fl
    3 Hi. ^m ^[^. . clMi Sllils =(l ^ddl ^
    M^^lrfl ^UMlsMl ilM
    $. 5i{l ^iil iPl ^iiMl-
    SllM^ ^cimslctl m^AHl |Hltfl, an^ MH'fl 1R
    Ml
    'V^l Mlct^Al HR SHlM ^IH ^. MH
    anlci^ il^Sli
    1 (1 y ^21 c-ihi i^ =ii(n<{l ^tfi\ft
    <H<wc-ii
    ilH ^; d^ ildil ^idl hUI, d?a d'U lu
    dfoi'l
    iiil an^ SII^HISHTO @dM ilH ^, d sidl^lltfll
    (|lH ^. an^ ^ll^l^iWl ^il Ml^
    s^Sl "^^^l
    Wi ^^l (flower heads) sMl^ , ddi "i^Rdi
    ^^'MM^l H^Hl Mlwca -HtAdi ^H^
    SHS^dl d?(l
    sii'-ni an^ ^Hi IH ^. 5t5l-"{lv ( achenes
    )
    ^^M 'HWHl t^lil
    an^ Hll?l ^l^l 'tlfl'^l Mly^-
    andl U=ll^l dH^lR
    M<?i
    do
    3o:(.
    dl <^^l .
    5iMi Mld^ ildil ^IcH d?a Ml^ ^^ 5\i:5i
    riHR 3oM.
    t-^ll^1lilvi-L.
    aurita.
    i^lM-H. III.
    p.
    271; N. p. 157; Watt.
    ly.
    p.
    584.'
    V%^fl'il>l-5H-l'-^i^ll C^lx?i);
    ^^rat^t,
    *fra^
    (qo+i|o).
    3_eti|ri-aHdl ^U=ll ali>ii^ @3i^, d
    \^
    ^
    ^\
    ^i. <i^[nm. . ^^i <32(l a^ddl sllili
    Mld^Al ^U>Mi5hI Kli^C-O ^IH ^. Mid anid^ aHl^C^i,
    dPnH ^isiisidi, M8ll<fi ^l^lfAi, MI3J U'-lldl
    M^dl m^ anPl ^ll>HiaJllM^di Mlddi ^^-Hl an^fl-
    'Hl^Ai IH $; Mid Ui^i Mld^i ^IH ,
    ci^ ildil
    ^idl d?a d'-a dKl ^R 4iil > ll^l^ ^iUiS
    aiS^C-a ^IH S, an^ cHl dKl iRdl ^h ^Sl
    m%^4l SldKl J^d oY=ll HlS^l^l ^IH d, a>iiHl
    cM( 3 fl M 5ii ^^>i Mid s?=ll ^,Sl anl^CHl ^IH d.
    5jCH-( flower head) <^^Si ^sidi ^ll>Hl-
    sHld^i ^^l Ml^ ani^CHl ^m ^, ddi ^i'^MM^l
    ^iaij
    ^"lltAl, CHitHl ^lltnKl |tfl(A=llvli ^IH ^.
    5j$l-Hl<V-(achene3) ^?(M ^IH ^.
    Sidl aHl-Hl ^li^[M ^Wl Wi "H^Oi
    y=llll
    ^lltnKl
    iltA ^IH S, ^ d^i =Oil%t ^IM
    ,
    sv'Mi?!! ansf jyidrQ (v:^i ^3l(Vld ctlMi^l aHmoRcft
    M m anl^ $.
    aJl^
    H<A 6uqidl HMHaj^i dl61^ *H^
    W-
    aniqioi ^IH &. ^Kl ^iil^ dftAH and
    >JJ^l^
    Mll5l
    %4ls
    Sli'dl ^Hl\l HlfAKl ^dl Mist ^"ft
    >Hl \H[i\ ilH ^.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Vo:i
    ll%"Mfi<n4t.
    ^-^U^M'il'H-Plucliea
    lanceolata.
    t^l^cl-H. III.
    p.
    272; N.
    p.
    158;
    Watt.
    VI. part I. p. 291; ^. k Ml.
    "13<1.
    JJ^
    (to).
    3Hi^ d. MI41 n Sii^i^i (lrti< RiHi^ Ri^4 ^<fl
    ffi>=ti avtii 11H
    d. sH^i
    'iJA
    XctlSt <V>fl'lMi dii
    ![ld 1 clftSi Slhi 2tlC-Hi
    aviH . ctrti s^iiiSil
    "^Vl-^iJl
    ^^Hi, 'M'iHl C-ft^i, <3(l
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    d.
    "^l-HUl *ll"tl5ilM^
    SlH
    "^
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    Mi4M^ Ritni, atvisrti sihi =iiyi'{l ^Q^i "\lfl
    V^i'A ^IH d. MH^ ildil ^icfl riii\, ^ iiH
    d
    ^IH^. MHMl'fl 'l^l 55ml, ^ d^O ai-icCl ^IH d.
    S. '^hQ i\b ^^-(flower head) K^l 2 iifc4
    c-ii$a ^iH ^. flHw Mimical, <H<i^i
    <aii.
    '=ti<^'^
    ^C-t-tV-^^i Qiji Wi, ^^'i, 0i, s^a
    . ^A^ 2H(^IH
    SirQ
    jiil MH =1^^ Vt^l eJM^lM
    i^. WMf'iMl |il\ ^Mct aHHi
    >i^n
    a>iPl du<Hl M'SJ
    ul^ hill l\.\^ ""HH^mctl (&al.
    rncm <Hlct^l'l (3M^ ciHl <ni^ <^^ "Hl=l^l n^^lH
    d. H feniM ci an^'l a>i^ anf^ct ^I'Wi iMlH
    J!>{1 IIH ^,
    an^ ldtlS ^Hlf^Ml ilHrta <^^l"i^
    ^IH , MQJ
    ci (Hl'l^ Slli^l ^Rcl l?i$i ^IH d.
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    gi.
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    Mil <*(lt
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    M(2J
    "{125 *ilU
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    l'l^>4(cWi4't- Vo3
    ^i^iH^Ai qHi^ m\h ani^ &. ^i^Kl is^
    ci(l ci
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    ani^ cti any, 1^, M.i>Ml, Mli ^i^i^'ii tc(l -vflii
    rt5Hl %lHC/fl ffncWl =llCl^l3l ^i 6. ^Rdl, 3l5li,
    (%l(4 i^CH rtSl^ aH<V't i<<HWi 5Hl^ ctl dRi
    %lfVlMlrt^l 'tUl 11H
    ."
    {\. l. M. 2li.)
    l CH-v>-Hl S. fi*li ani CH^ aH^H ,ii,^i;ii :^Rrii(s
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    ^ii[^
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    ivc(i^|, aHoyill,
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    ani^tim, il%lRl^fl, 3livi^, an^^^l, ^(^Qrli
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    il'^l'l^ft ani 5ctll i(laH
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    an^ "i^llStMl 811H 0.
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    ^ muhimI ii^ ^, ci^i ^rtwfl ^Hi
    s^m
    S anH ci >lis(l ^a^LH d.
    1-<ll^HilH-Spha^ranthns indicus.
    i-^iict-H. in.
    p.
    275; N.
    p. 157; Watt.
    VI. Part. III.
    p. 320; ^. R. Ml. ^93.
    5i-'l^niW-5lR^^il (
    Mlo
    );
    ^la (s=.^ja);
    im ^. ct ^4!!^ ivMl'lM^ WlHC-ll ^^IH .
    aJtrii ^(i[ ff^i dii S\>sti
    iH
    g, Sirit >}lPl H-
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    an^R slctl-
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    d. H m4sd ildil rt^!c *i"^
    isiitct[ an^
    ill5l ^l^mi ^IH
    ^. clKllRM^
    iyj(^
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    aJli
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    S. ^U->HiaMlPl 1 4t^-
    ani ^--i^ii'i'ii 'li^ 4ii5i gfi^ii (Mi"^n ^iwi 5iun
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    ti%"H(nt4'i-
    ^IH d.
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    an^ti ^c-iHl sil isv>n( ^c-m jiiKl m\is ^m
    1
    ^U^MniH-Anaphalis cutchica.
    i^K-H.
    III.
    p. 384.
    (Ml+^jo).
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    ^. ci V,d
    \\
    %l (sa^i ilH ^. \\^'\\\ a-il <ll'Ml-
    aJlm
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    an il(SHl^U an^
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    cutchica S,
    nH!i
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    1-^U^HilH-Gnaphalinm indicum.
    '
    i<>dl'ci-H. III.
    p.
    289; N.
    p.
    158.
    "
    R^Si
    ^IM aH<l <V5lmi an^ ^ildi cttfll^ml si'
    S. cl Y il ^
    ilJai
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    c^-vHct
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    n*i%'H(ciqi4i. Vo-H
    H5W(Jr>^lGj<[l.)
    t-^ll^lHil'i-Vicoa auriculata.
    t-^i-ciH. III.
    p.
    297; N.
    p.
    158.
    R-'^^ilriR->il'tiyf\, ^Hl^^ ( Ml+?io
    );
    ^Irl!^ (Mo)
    ^^l tlM S. ct lit) ^IW oyaiian SlRiy <f^H[HH
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    l-^U^lMniH-Pulicaria Wightiana.
    lakct-H. III.
    p. 298; N.
    p.
    158.
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    ^ dM^ (3<?{l 'lyi ^IH S. s^St
    I
    StltlH C-liHi
    ^IH S. n^ rt(tflH tliwft dMiA ;i >i*iic?i ^ti
    ^itni c-ihi qitfiKl mM an^
    H
    ^^1 ^i***^
    -HaiC-fl >fl.V\ i^ctl m3[l ijA ^IH &. !<C-t^l V\[i
    Hl<V-'Jy (achnes) 5^61 S, ^<v "{l<v &.
    q-^t^iH hH
    1 -si<ii Smi^ Mi^pti
    ^-("HHl3l
    J
    @Jlfl ^Kl "ilH ctw iiai^
    ^S-*llii-aHl^^ll'i>i[ ci Slmi^ anil =lll
    t^l^H25^ =t^ S. SH^tl ^i\ >flAi ^CH^ C-fl?l Sl^i
    l-<ll^lHil>l-xanthium strumarium.
    t^dl-ct-H. III.
    p. 303; N. p. 161;
    Watt VI. part. IV.
    p.
    318.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ttl%'HCieil4t.
    Vols
    W^
    (*T); ^^3?!^^ (r^o);
    9n^ (9). 'ri^t^
    3-H4'l-^'il ^l^Stl ^ fl V ifld (3ia<l 811H
    ^. (^ ""M^^i ^IH . cl^ll @M^'il (HPmi "^iC-fli
    M=M^lc(l ^ll>MlSil
    .{Ii5l?n ilH d. MH viM\
    t-(3>i*ll5l-Si^ \l H^7{ <M(!\[ri[ ^[u\\i
    >iUun v?;^ $. Sirii 13 vm\ MK^ ni/(l M
    SIM. S. aMHl
    >in ^oKi j^i^i a^i^ ,
    -^^1
    iKl[ M^^ dHl %il>\^ Ml?| ^^, ^^ 4| &,
    >lU
    ancQ
    jcas^ (VOIIMI Siril
    ^UHI
    @Sl
    .
    <Hi3l^l 5H^ (Icidl'il <H3iHi 5HHI Sunl^ "V ^ilM
    JjSl iiH d. an sjstPl Miica "I iUi -v^l ani^p
    >
    "
    ci^i ani^i
    du^i ^i^^ S^^n an^^
    i^ d,
    aHR^RlHlMi tlCHi
    \lg
    ." ailKl
    WICHHM
    'WR 313.
    \-<U^tilH-Siegesbeckia orientalie.
    i^l-ci-H. Ill,
    p. 304; N. p. 159.
    S^a ani^ 6. a \ a ^ > 3 \\i gail ill*!
    6.
    ^|
    anPl
    nc-lllctl
    Qjjl -<3l^ ^IH S. ?iHia
    =1R <H^d is<[ 3d> ci^l ^IH Wi.
    ^^ii ^>i'{l, ^cicaT
    > ^eld^^ ^<i ^ii, SiKo,
    an^ ?litfii
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    an^
    %=tl <V^l ?lfl5ii an^l i^qi^iSlril ^IH d.
    MH-^lH^imi ci>l(V anirl^ ajil^ili ^IH 6.
    ct l->MlaHl'tl 'flaiC-ll
    (HlWi ymwi, MiJl SM^'il
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    , MH^l aniiR
    fn^ii^HPSii, aH?l^l JH1$I, > <H^C^lrl{ ^^H c^^i
    hcii
    mi
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    ^m &, -mrwi
    ^^=tl ^liiiisictl
    ^|1 a>i(^n<*lll,
    1t^ iR^a-Hiad
    an^
    ildil Ml^ <rr^l
    Rq^ lW llil ildilM^ 3iai^n
    ^IH ^. ildilM^sil
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    KlaiKlM^ ^lCAl?lcn
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    ^ Kli5l $. ^rfl
    qi%i
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    ^IH d, Hm^ %l^S niMl Iwitfl
    ^IH ^. an
    Ml^lHl =ia5i <to ft tM ^4 mViI iJl^
    ^^^
    instil Ml^ Miy
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    5is ?ii^i
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    MKil
    ^>HIH
    ^,
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    ?fl
    <V^l a>i l4 an^l
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    wismil^i
    c-tio{l an^ nM^ ^f^M qitfi'ft
    imii iiH d. ;ti>^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Vo<f
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    k'^-iH
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    3llr{\ qii Hl?l, ^^cliaMlKl Mlo3?H^
    ^Cl^Hl ^IdlM^,
    and
    I ^uqi yi^l il
    ^.
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    'HSiKI Ml aMi uil<5j
    ."li^R Klicadi MilWl<?ll
    l-^U^^rtlH-Eclipta alba.
    tyi-rl-H. III. p. 304; N.
    p. 160;
    Watt III.
    p. 201; ^ k Ml. 310.
    R-"^<Qrii^-Q{ioi^l, hl^i (HPl^l (Ml+?io); m^^
    il^ 6. Hm <l 9fl'll^lt/n ov^llaH
    <ni^ ll
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    ^
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    sundara veerraju
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    wti^ S. wiii^wi
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    (mti
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    aH^ cl-d >li/lw 3iiSM^ <niH--iiMi ani^ ^. ^R
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    (MtiKI Sst/l an^ ctlH iH i^Hl^ ^Pl^l^l W
    aHMlH ^. clH<v Qtiil^Hl
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    MlJi clsiMi >l<a<l IjISlMlH vm^i ^iSfttian-H^
    SilM^niMi aHl^ d. MltHl
    'M |>Ml=tl @M^
    <*lWKi MK^ <v^l
    ^i ^ii
    cti/\
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    an^ ^4(ncl4t, anH ?iiaj MiKlH^l aHl^{l d.
    (MliWl^l ^ anu anl MH'ft ll ^'A<1
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    HlMi ani^ S, ct ml'W^l w \ ^ili, i'^i'^i
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    ail3ll4 cllvflSi^^
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    ^licaHl ll aHlH<l <l(l
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    (il. <l. sR.)-
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    cltl i^H d, nKl 'IWl oi ft
    oil
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    a^ki ?liniH
    ^. Hiajl U^ll^lml ^PWHl ^^Kl Qil^Wl aHlMHRl
    ani^
    g."
    (H. ll- H. 3li.).
    ^14, ani-wi'tl ^I'l, MWHl ^l^l, l<ll'tl ^W,
    dl5l d, ^ni(clR ldll S." (h. ^5HI125).
    Mi^, ^iiii,
    'ifi, rtcai^i, Mi'^Q'ii Ri^ani ail,
    cli "V cltAR ^Hiy^l^daHl ^31^ ^ItWi ^IH ^Ml,
    ciH <V il^l'll^ffl
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    s>l<Ai ^l^ll
    an^ Mloil Si 31
    <rnn'ii "v "Hi^wi *iH d. Mlii WRi'ii
    \^
    Mlo\i
    <m
    d, an^ ii<ni (MbRKi Qi^aI iiH S. ^i<ni
    JlHi
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    ni viitfii <v ^iH d,
    Mm
    (Hi it-ftv
    ( achenes )
    hWi ilH S cl(l m^ ani
    win-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    .V\o <l'l%'H(cil4'l-
    ^Hl 0UMi 1'=^ ">m(1 3lHi ^IH cHl^
    an Sl^ll
    ^-^ll^lHrllH-Flavieria repanda.
    ,t^l'Cl-N.
    p. 162;
    ^'-lL>li SMl^ . riH<JV ci "^iC-Oi oySltiH
    RUH-
    5i{l ^R $. aarfl ^i^ ani^
    ^ii->hi5hi vflsi%isirti
    ^icni C-dsii :i31{l
    aH*-l=tl s-^y^il iHi?lcfl ^ih .
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    =H^ ^H 3H3R
    "dsy
    ^J^^
    ilCAl ^'Hi ^IH 6.
    "i, ct'Q il<ii\
    "Mi^ %^lVll H\d 4iil aitqi
    M}%i ^iH ^. MUHi 3 ft H a 't^l
    im $.
    a>i^
    M^M^ m4s^ smi^i ^i*t S. "Sd^ciiiMnMi
    'IWl ddl
    %tV. ^iH d. MW 18(1
    ij"^ 3 dai stioti
    -=11^
    3ll<V^l !^'-a iPl :^-mj iiHl^^ctl JKAat^l
    ^W S.
    ^ils^S
    H<3ii Ml^ "4W SlUHlHC-li IH S. anl'-ll ^41-
    qicai 5^ M^ln^Mi'-ft ^ii ll">Hl Kli^flC-ft ^IH S. aHl
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    SiRi Mltfi ^51 a*il^ 0. aM^ a>l -MJiSiiaHlMl^
    a5^l
    Tt^lTt^ 4l(&lKl rii^iHl ll^iall KlS'JlcO
    MH S an^ ciM^ \['\<^ ^il anitft H'ifl ci'tl
    >Ji^<3llSilMi ^C-t ani^l ^ll-tiaHl anmcft rtH S.
    Sc-d 5ii^i ^iiMi^iHi'-(l =iatfl ^u">ni m^s^
    Miy tH . a>i^ t^io^'d
    'J^
    U"^iaHl HlscfQ
    ct^ Mtl5l ^C-t ani'-fl (Him ^U-vHlSil rftiUlcO tH
    IIH ^. ani
    ^?^>{
    ^sm ciRlKl aHl3nio9
    ^M
    i^Y \b ^<(H MIH ^=ti H'^^M^l
    ani^C-ti ^IH
    S. 'ii.^ii '^k['i\ Mi^il ^I'AT an^ ^dcnii'O ^Itffl
    ^iH S. MNil'ti sicti Mia^;
    :!i"iy^i
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    ^1^^
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    aHiSilHl MIS^S nis-H^lC-ll ^-nictl ^IH S. l^it ,aH^
    "{Ijv
    (
    achenes ) <:-{lyi, at'Jlicti, ScHl ^i^lHl^ai
    ilcAl Wi
    I
    CHlfcH c-ti'-nl ^IH S.
    it^ MtActi Qi^l =l5l^ "^HjlH S. ^'ll SliHl ^'I'il
    itHHi =tM^lH S. ^41 Ml'l^ =ll/l HKl SlMil
    3ii?iniiM^ <niH'-tmi ani^ . anHi diini:^
    ^{[
    ci^ cic-tMi Qiiwft ct ct'jl
    'tfe ^3)lct( atUi an^
    s^'-Hii (3M^ SiiM^nmi ani^ $.
    Ml ani^c-ti 'gMlH $. an^l ct :^>l Mloii ^IHl'-fl
    >l'Acil
    Im^ ^^ 'ftS^l-QlPl^l i^ d.
    anl M^ill (HWHl dU'-ll whI <S3l d. cmI
    w5Hl'>ifcl 3Q itH S. ci anl ^l^l ^iclKl ^IM
    ^H
    <Vjlcj rl-(l. l^a cl <H^il ^Jl^MR ciMlf
    ^H
    ffVilRi dJlcil lyitniMl aniH^l dUl.
    a^l ^=t^l-
    'tni Mi4 ct
    ^R'AS^ ct'ctMctKl aHlWMl^Kl "UHvil
    an^
    M.Scl^ <V>{l'iHi (3l d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    l'l%"M(ciei4l.
    Vlt
    S\ii[
    ^d'^i ^ioi^i (Wedelia calendulacea
    )
    =41 ^H^stUMi ^=tRi SHlHcll 4(1.
    t-^U%ftlil>l-Blainvillea Latifolia.
    t'^il'Cl-H. III.
    p. 305; N. p.
    161.
    3-l4i-^l^^l 1 ^ =! ^i <32tl ?11H S.
    it
    ( flower head
    )
    ^m\ i^Hl ^
    Y=^
    (achenes)
    ^l(wt\|^ Mlt^ftni -Hl/l 6iM i^ ^, ^si cti<a^
    3Him-
    A'>1 1? ^IH S >il^ ^H^ ?il<Ai ^C-l^l a>li=il ^^U-
    l-^ll^lHilH-Glossocardia linearifolia.

    t^dkct-H. III.
    p. 308; N. p. 161;
    Watt. III.
    13.
    508.
    (f|o);
    fqiTR
    (^o)
    MlcKAl, <i\A, sicfiscfl,
    @^ <i5iiqiaa Silils
    U>HP^l cfli5l g Nn ^cti
    ^z[[
    3^,^ii, r^Qilfoict
    Hlsqitnl ctfoiH
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    ^^H SHi^fl-mcfli,
    3 (l ^4
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    %tmml
    ( Jctfairl (V SHlct^ ) aHl^C-il
    |lH d.
    l^
    ( flower head
    ) ^ii>HiaHi^ Hm^ sn7{
    d^n aHs:^^
    ^si?a <n6i^ ^ ^a
    ^^
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    1
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    il'HlcAT
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    ^(^ , ^4t ( achenes)
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    <^-7[
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    skai ^^iKl
    ^.
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    SH^
    ct^
    '>i-7[ Mi^ g^^i ^3Hi eil'-ni qicA-fl itfica^
    <V3^ ^Olrll R^IH eii3l d.
    1->iii5i:-S^ri[ ^^[^ tt^jf 3i:fi<^ )i>i (jiisj
    ft^^ anSi'-il Jiati -uiiM g. 3^;i( anl^l Sl^^t
    'Hl<A qiCAHl ^lit"4^ tHN-Hmi SHI^ ^. ^cti
    an^
    ^Hlt
    3Uo>'^ (^'cJi ^tH ^. 5i^ >jai
    Qijil ?<icai
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^\R
    tl=fH(nl4't.
    V^ll^^t'lW-Bidens pilosa ( Var.
    )
    bipinnata.
    4^l'rt-H.
    III.
    p.
    309; N.
    p.
    161.
    shmI liils c-ii{l ^mmi KiitJic-fl
    ^m S. ^k
    ^IH d. ^St Ml<ni =H^ K^'l ii"i^ 'l^T '^'li ^IH
    9ij,
    MW'/fl isi^iyi
    an^ ans^
    jflii ^[ i^
    ^IH &. cl'il SH^'II (Hlmi8(l "^dSlli ffl-Sl an^
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    (
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    t-<ll%QHllH-Glossogyne plnnatifida
    ^^krt-H. III.
    p. 310; N.
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    Watt III.
    p.
    508.
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    tl'Ct-H. III.
    p.
    358; N.
    p 164;
    |.
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    ^M
    iViJJlH ^.
    ^ll^lMHlH-Ti-icholepis glaberrima.
    ^Kl-ct-H. III.
    p.
    381; N.
    p. 164; Watt.
    Vl-part IV.
    p. 80; ^. Pi. Ml. Wad.
    V'^^il'llH-k^^it (Mi+?i'); ^u^r,
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    ^-%ll^*lilH-T. radicans.
    t<>dl-rt-H.
    III.
    p. 381; N.
    p.
    164.
    R-'^^ll'llH-^l^^'Hll
    (Ml+?io).
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    t^dkci-H. III.
    p. 381; N.
    p.
    165.
    V^^tlHlH-dcHl^^l (^IX?io).
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    t-^ll^l^'llH-Volutarella divaricata.
    ^^dW-H. III.
    p.
    383; N.
    p.
    165. watt.
    VI. parp IV.
    p.
    297.
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    duHi^ll 3>i[i5Hl (^n^lW ^l^"i^^i)
    icli sJini'ti anwdi 'I'd. M3j H'^W'fl n"i^>ii
    l-<U^liR-Dicoma tomentosa.
    l<'dl-ci-H. III.
    p. 389; K
    p. 165; Watt.
    III.
    p.
    111.
    n>li "liC-flSjj, u-vHiaHi <(ls5tc-{l ^(h &. aa-ti
    c-ihi an^
    i&^<3j^RHi MH ^Hi %ili-si m &.
    ci^ ildil ilcO H^fl, ^^^( <^|[ 1 ait^flsi^ ^IM
    &. ^st (flower head) Hi^S^^ ^iMlsaWi &^l
    MW ^l'^<:^i ^ih d. M nm'ii
    Ji'^MH^i iidi-
    &.
    K^
    (
    achenes
    )
    1 c-iiWri (^hi, an^
    1s
    ^MIMI aHWsi 'i^d. M^ eiti l^<M'{i ili%l-
    M3
    n<HH 3R^.
    l-^U^lMdlH-Lactuca Heyneana.
    ^^kct-H. III.
    p. 403; N.
    p.
    165.
    IIH ^. 1441^ ct[tflt MK^l et^l=l
    (^^H ^IH
    S.
    ^ M^ <v<l(
    MW ^ 6^ Vi7{
    H\^i^7{
    'll^l'll aHl^
    ^. MK ^tflWi
    MW ^=tl aniiiwl
    fliMi^i ci film dsi iMiSi-Hi, {li an^
    mjfl
    MHi MW llfaHW ^iil'ti MK i^rti 'l^Wi, l^il^l
    ^. ani KlSicii MK 3 fl <: ^ 1^
    ^at sihi^
    an^
    -siilHMi
    \^
    0
    &
    ^ai
    ihi, an^l
    ^ ft
    3 ^at ^i^itfii
    ^iH . ji rt{(a?i iwitnl :{
    ^^\.<^ Mimical ^ih ^. nCm ctHl "ii^ ^iil \
    U-<Ml^ aiiiis ;j
    S^
    (Hiog ^SWS\l ^iH d. an^
    Pi^H c-iioii Mi^i5ii :i Pi-vjii^ftaiii ^>[^[
    ^^ ^.
    5iH( Min^l SH^iW ^l/l ^ili^
    h^^m wil^
    ^. aH;ii gu^i ^Urti aJlMifl 6>l "^=11
    W Kls^
    5Hl duHl Ml^fl'tl ^l^ani hit, tl^illKl
    =IU Ml^, >lSl^H|ff4'li
    >h1^, o^Kl <IHIC-1 H^l^-
    M^ ^ $.
    Hai-(Jr>.'ilQ{il).
    t-<H%(lHHlH-L. remotiflora.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    v\^
    ql%'H(dli4'i-
    t^l-ct-H. III.
    p. 403. N.
    p.
    166.
    Watt IV.
    p.
    578.
    ilM ^. aH'ii Mrt 'J'^tci an-^Mi 1 OtKll^-ll^i
    ^w d. rt <i(\?l iiSi Siidii ani^ n-^ <tio9
    aH'ii MH^l <3M^W ^KJA Jt^lliil bl^mi
    (taraxacum)
    *{\ <v5li5i en\4^qi>([ a>ii^
    6,
    ^M 1^^M i[Hb ^li'n
    Sl-ol
    S.
    (TARAXACUM OFFICINALE-H.
    111.
    p. 401) "i^iaiS^
    Mi aHi<f>^ ^i^iKl ^'t-
    &. SH^ii >i(caHiMi ^ati, ^^t, a>iPl (ai^^SiiilSl^
    (Beeton's medical Dictionary).
    \Wil Ml'^Q'il ^l^ani
    iil, ^HlCH'fl Ml4
    Vi^ delist ^Cm^tHlt/fl (V^llan @3l d.
    31^1 HH'fl "^RHl iMlHC-tl ^il =t^H (3J^4I
    (Ipomcea reniformis) ^i(4\ d.
    \-<ll*^*liW-Sonchus oleraceus.
    tKl-ct-H.
    III.
    p. 414; N.
    p.
    166;
    Watt VI. part III.
    p.
    275.
    V"^^flil^-6Hl(/ft
    ^USa
    (
    Ml+?io
    );
    Fgr^K
    (no); ^ft^qr (rfo).
    3-H4ri-|mufl?lH>/ldl ^i^qi m4!(^ f^lHl^l
    t=ll>li
    a^l^ d. H 1 fl ^
    "^
    =1^ ifli '=l!
    m^
    rt(tA'il Ml^ Ml^ aHl^l SMS )ict(Q lW
    ^^^
    ^IH d. NtSi ciKl da
    an^
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    '^
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    -iiil shH ^iMiSii-^iil Mi^i ^ta 5?<\ iii
    ??['{{, ^H--i[
    trnojil
    yiHi?ldl, 9(1 'i^witfO,
    <Tt^lTt^ ''i'il ^ll^Mmdl, C-d^, an^ atcascft ^iH .
    Imca ii"HiSii-H^ 9{i ^HiSii, an^ Siicn, imI,
    HatHl "^MU^dcni ^lMi(=llni anHMRSyjt ^SjH &i
    g^ qifn ani^^Ht IH d. -Siil an^ l">MiaHl
    aH(l "Hli^A ilH 0. ci^ ctUcli clKl "SRM^?ft
    g,H ^flic?! d. =tl 2^ an^ ^HIS 4<^l ii^l ^IH d.
    Mlri-^
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    \
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    tiat Ml^lAi, ^ anirt^ ani^CHl IH d. du^lWl
    Sii'ii
    oy
    ^ftat MH ani^c-ti ^IH d, ct^l aniii^
    ^inni "HH ^^l SHd^ rt&lil ^tii^si an^ Hll5l
    cl T^l^ltai^irti, an^
    lUHR RuillsW
    ilH
    d.
    ^iil an^ U>Hl^lM^ii Mia ct(ca'^ Ml^l^li
    an^ Hll5l ^is^istcli IH 'S. Ml'l^ iliil ^icfl
    nil. ctKl ^R
    ^iil an^ ll">HiaHiPl C-l3\lc-t3l Mli^l^'tl
    iKKl utji'd ^iis^it n-^ =ni3
    anvjilita t<^<:-{l
    d. MW'fl (3MR'{1 ^Hl<n^l ^l C-fltll, ^ KlM^l
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    iliil Klai
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    ^iH ^. ^siKl ildilM^ \\.<M ^iMihitfii tia an^
    rt(tA<l ct(l H6R, <l(^^ Ml^ltnl Mll5l ii^i ^<xi
    iflsi C-flsti i^ani
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    "\
    ^3i
    6R ^IH d,
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    **'l*fl ^l**-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    etl%'H(cieil4'l.
    yis-
    . t\i ^c-t (flower head)
    \
    Ml
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    cl m45^ <nMi;: M^Sti <3yil i?lHRct H^^ili'V <n^
    JiW t*t d. ft "iH 81HI M^-J^ rt^l SHliR (I'm
    31-
    ^^IH . SHI t"^?; ^SlKl s'is^ Ri^'ii H'^ 'fUsi^l
    (florets) sHl^C-O ^IH S. ct'ft Hi->MilS^i m ^ih ^,
    n ctfori'l ffft^lfc)^ it/(l ^<l 5H^ 'i'il^l
    aJii MlrlcaT
    Hm^ ^S(M i'sm IH .
    Sj$l-o(l(V-(achenes) ^c-t sjlji
    rtH'^Hl^'Hl
    Ml^lli ^IH ^. ct <l(taH [s^i, M^ Ml^l^Ai-
    lctl, M34 ^^q| Miy Ml'cSi ^iijilrli ^IM .
    Qod -i^l 2H^ ll^M^ Hmm ^IH . Si m^i
    M^
    M<3i ^8(^
    Sictl IH ^. 5{;ii %cii^ ffi/:^.
    =(lsrl%l5lcil ci{|Ml C-tl5l d. \C-t^ ^ll5l
    ^\%
    5ni H.^Pl Mii^a^i H^ IH 5H^ nMni
    2i)Hlct Mil ilH cil cl\^ C-t3lii<HtMi ani^ ^. 5i:^l
    ^%t ""MIHimI ani^l ell d ^^Kl ^m h\ ^,
    SH^
    "{lt >ilC-t =Mll aJi'il
    ^U^l ^ ct^l"^ <33l ,
    '{oi^ 330,
    t.-^ll^1<iil>l-Launcea pinnatifida.
    ^^IM-H, III.
    p.
    416; N.
    p. 166; Watt.
    IV.
    p. 595. |. Pi. Ml. U3.
    ^-%^Qrti'H-^iMw'l (^io+?io); qiar, wTr^ft,
    VA^ (jTo); ^JT^t (f|o); Ijqi^
    (^=01), ^^a?r
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    . ci "VMI'IM^ a^i'O >tl!^if Ml^lHHi IH ^.
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    n'd
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    ^.
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    (Hi n M^^nai'd ^liS Ml^(l
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    a^ilJsR Ml^l!J ^^SlI IH ^. ^Hl "il^ RoilPw
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    SH^ ciKl \[\\\ ^i\i wi s^=ict i^qi
    mi
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    9vct[ Ml^l'-Ai svtii y (l ^
    ^at c-ihl an^l
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    Mimical IM 6. ftHl qiw (i3< an^
    ^ms -^Hl^l^tlctl =(lS^l ^ MlM<Aft ^imii m'^ d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    y^o <ll%'H(cil4*l-
    (flower head) livJ^i^ 1 1 ^
    an^ ^Ifcl'Hl^
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    ^i^i ani^^Hl ^IH S. ^C-tKl
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    wt^ cl-il cii%i w^iv iicH^i^dl ^IH 6.
    IfiC-tKl
    ildilM^
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    Kl^i Ji'^MM^lKl '"h
    ^^J
    ^.R ^IH . ci^i ^i?(l
    ^^^H-M (gland) |lH S. cifl Sm^KI feWni M^l
    d. ant ^$1 i^RAi
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    (florets) 'ft Mi^il^ii sflw^
    \{{ ^<fl c-ii'{l, Pi
    3^^ Miai
    ^8cM
    sirtlHltffl R 6. (^Hl M^ft
    sAi^
    M<ft "i^fl ilM d, ci anl Miai sicll M^ft
    ^HIH d.)
    ani Mi^HilaJll <^6Ufl =iai^i Wl^^^rtl
    ^ "iW^ iOsi "^d^^l ^i'l'ft ^IH ^. =H^ ans^
    Mt^J
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    cii<v rtq^l^ ^ili Hai i^ d.
    anl ^tlHWl XdlH^ (33iqi(l ^cfl ^cfl^l tHl^ d.
    )^:-N. 0. PLUMBAGINE^.
    "l^H^
    i^
    '*'4'l ^^ ?i"i^l'^:-aHl n^lHi ilfeWi
    mH
    an^ SU^I 11H d. 5i;i MH anirt^ aH?lHl
    ^i^-alKl Ml
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    ^T5%IR31Q1UIH <3V-H^ll(l, 1 \ICH an^ Mia< -uii^i.
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    ^qn
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    MRW'ii^ d.
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    -(Lt. Colonel K. R, Kirtikar).
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <i'i%MCiii4'*"
    v^\
    'i^R 3El*
    i-^U%fliilH-Plumbago Zeylanica.
    4Kkci-H. III.
    p.
    480; N.
    p. 168; Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p. 295; ^.
    Pi. Ml. tfeV.
    V'^^lI'lR-f^^l, Pi'ti, ^ill (21^1 (Mlo
    ijo);
    ^^(JIo);
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    ^c^^
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    c-imj d.
    ir^dlwniHl ^'ISll ff*l<^lMl ani^ d,
    aMl *H^iHli ani^aniMld Vi^
    Rl^l=ll=l silHrti
    tHllm(, ciMiV
    S^Hl^ aUMl, a>i:i
    aHl^aniMld'll
    JldKl <Tl^ ni'sg'll .ftoilM^,
    lt^:i^'il 'l^H'iMl,
    6QhI
    an^ MICHS |31^'{1 35Ul0 Qi\[^<^ aflat
    citfftSimi aH:\ ict^^wi Hi3iHi ii (ainm
    duti
    3icHi svlqmi ani^ .
    *
    Poisonous Plants of Bombay Vol. I and
    II. with coloured illustratious-by
    K. R.
    Kirtikar, F. L. S., Lieutenant-colonel, Indian
    Medical service, civil Surgeon, Batnagiri.
    &c. &c. (1903).
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    l-<ll^lilH-P. rosea.
    t^dk-H.
    III.
    p.
    481; N.
    p.
    168; Watt.
    VI. Part. I.
    p. 294; ^. Pi. Ml. Xd^.
    ^-^^QrlR-^lcilfai^l (Ml+^io); riMR^I
    (qo);
    55l55|%fTr
    (f|o); ^Tfif^Sf^
    (go).
    an^ MW'll 8lUl I^S^R
    f?l=tlH ^KAlf^^^l ivqi
    svl<HlMi 3Hl=lcll 'l^ft. M"^ nialmi
    H^P^i^ ^ini 5H^
    anl^tMl'ft ^3h| |5tcti(ai (ai^lHl ^umStl "Hl^Sll
    nV^m. aHl=l d.
    <tl%"H(citi4'l.
    ciwt^
    333.
    t.-^ll'^H'tl'H-'Vogelia
    indica.
    ^''dl-cl-H. III.
    p. 481; N.
    p.
    168.
    ^-'^^Q'lR.-M'fl,
    M-HtT
    (
    Mlo
    );
    ^inif^i^l
    3_Hi4rl-M4l'ii 3}U=ti Y ^ (i V[li <3aii
    11H
    clWlKl Ml =ll4!i<l ^Hl ^IH . Mt^n=lR ^'ii
    cHl^ SiKl <ll"^l'Jll ^etiKl Ml aniil aH^</(l
    ?iiifcr
    "MM &. =H^ ^R^ <ll">Hl^l
    aHcii aji^irft
    gx^^
    ^wticfl
    ilH . MH iflsi eflStl 1 91^Hl ^'Hi ^IH
    ^MIH d. |it XlSl "^ft^l =H^ ^I'll ^=11 (m>^
    VHl ^IH ^,
    ci il^rtS^A M'l^ il ^Hl aHlcHl
    i^ d.
    !ii
    am, M 't^i^iitni, an^jlsi^, jjlii i
    {lC-ll
    QJIll
    Wi ilH ^.
    ^cn-aHisiwU^fl wi^iii <^:j
    "^
    yi^i o^'il
    mi-
    tmi ci
    i,m .^g m^ iih ^. ^Mim limh
    ^mi Mwtni 5^iii Kli^ieii ^iH d. ci^ sus^
    j|j
    3H^ j[lii ?ii(ni 1 ^icti ??iri giH g. ci^i anilii
    41M ifl svicti H fy!^
    an^ aiilil^ ^>HlH d.
    ^tfiKI wiet lil, ^<H<1, ^^i-mt/ft anPl 5[lil
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    ^Ict^ ^i P['^ ^ M^'naiil ^IM S. ?iM^ <i<Hl
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    C-ll3l 6.
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    ^. aHrfl vsic-l wii'Haiil
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    ^IH . "J^Kl U>HlSilM^?(l MH
    -^^
    ami
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    ilMl IH ciMl Slita
    iiMl H'J :{^c-tl ^IH d.
    ^imWl SHI^I ilM h^ ffnrti
    cl 5h^'{\ Hl9
    =HJ;ISR ^"HIH S. 1lHcaU">Ml5ll (-nc-tl^^cll ??l'i\
    ^IH ^. clMi -H^ci ffn<a-il ^i'l'O Wl =HI^{1 ^IH
    S. ^ ^ctcra^n ^-i^St <^4l <rvtil, eii^Kl, ^Hl
    rt^l <v<l i|lH &. 3H(rt llMtfl ^l^MlaHi sn^jjl
    ^aiHl
    ^IH ^,
    Pi d'llM^ =il<1^^ <i<Hl 3A<^(1 i^i^l
    l">Hlc(l ^m ^.
    ^[^'S\
    li>Hl^l SHlil ilM 4^ ^cli
    cl "H^lMi %l1s ^(WA Ml^il 3ll(Himt/(l ^-"HIH ^.
    anl U>HiaHl M^ ^lil ^l^l ^^iHl Wl^ ^ ^<V
    5HlM ^IH d. ^ll^HiaJll MKHI H=i(l liiiy^
    KlsM ^IH 5^H eti5l ^.
    MH-Wiirl^ SHl^C-ti
    ilM 6, rt^ iliil icfl
    rl(l. MWHl ^l^ yi4s<l ^11-^1^
    v{[1[ i^a
    Ji^ic-n ^iH . da iiMiSii MnKi H^a his-
    ^C-fl ^IH
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    5ll0^ cil (ISHl^frt'll MW-^l^lMl clItflMHl <n-^
    3ii ^imiKl <^(&R hHI sv^-sitT^i'lc-ti ^iM d. "ii-
    C-lii MUKl ^R'll ^.Sl U">Hl MW "i(&l^ KlStfH
    SHS^ ^'^ctl ilH
    d, Mi^ cl a>li uftavt'O
    i8l
    svlilHSll ^Wl 'i^O. aHlcii 1->HI MW MH'tl ^M
    MKKI <n'^ *lMl/lM^ ylil QltAl Vl'ft ^<V*
    iiH d. MK n'^ ^Mi/lan
    u^^y^
    ^m , ^ <^i\
    ^iH ^ n^n ^iMiKl ^=i{l 'iW (^wiH ^Mi/lKl
    't^l ^i"^ >HIH d. MH^ ^UlKl r[\X l(^
    =*Hl^='CHl%MiA
    svldi ci^i ^[^h -H^l^ iMl-
    ani^ S. Ml'l 1 (l M e^l C-lhi 5H^
    I
    tJ2l(l
    3 ^^1 \[^m ^m
    6. ?irfl ^i^MR H^i^
    <H">Hcl aMi^p'^l^i "S =H "i^
    'Hk'Hlfni ^IH S.
    MH^ =il<Arti ?i>li(l l6i <^'*Hl <Hl ^Hl^
    d.
    RR^ipM^ii. D. K. R. Kirtikar.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    i*i%mBi4h.
    V^3
    \^V
    -hM (^mlm ^^^i Kls^iea ^m S.
    n ^^(^ ^<l t^il
    ^IH . ^MR MW MW Heji
    IHl
    ans Myn 5l.!s oliJciiHsii ^m S, rt{l ci
    ^i\ |tli(l ?iim<:-fl ist^n^ii *?<! \H[^. S. j^si-
    S, ci iflsi ^(Al Vl^l ilH S. d'li M^lKI "SR-
    M^ 5h(ci ys^ ^m ti c-t^^Hi ani^sii ^ih S, ct
    >H^"iR ^Hi c-tiHi S. SHI
    6^i M^MR =l='5iiqa<
    aHi (39ft ^irtl R'lKl 't^ ilH d. \^l R.
    (1 3 ir<A
    f(f[^
    t-Slk)^ 4^(1 n><l lM ^IH S, 5H^ ^ll<?l
    clrli
    ?i>H
    Ml^ Mi^l S^l <n.l5l \-Hm ^IH S.
    sXi MmilH^ SHWiA @9{1 ^ictl ^^iKl 'iy ^IH d.
    i wil^Stl IH S. ci <l(ail Mliltfll ilH S.
    ^ll^^-i
    ^iH S. d^i ^m\m m>[m,
    g,
    cl'ti clRlHl MW ^Icll
    ^31^ i-Sloi ^IH S.
    iR-lil =H^ 't&SlM^^H i^lil '*ft^l Wi ^IH S.
    'tf^Sl^ Mtl?l cHl
    ?i'^'tl
    MiSt il ((Hl mM
    1^=11 ^>Hldl ^IH S, 'tRlil aH^ 31!h1IM11 %i"iH
    Ml^ ^Wl, CHi'-ni aiCAScll =11(AKI |wll a>il^<Hl ^IH S.
    ^^-i^MlHlMW^ Mi">Hil, ^"^^^1 aM^ ^1^%IV
    'tfiisi ^Mt)^ >H^ ^nn S, an^ ^l^w^i'iwkiH
    >io
    '-Hlo ^IH'ft anS^ isiHSll ^^
    S. ciii wHl\
    M"l
    ans M^
    aHi >H^ tH S.
    aH<^(l=tlc3,
    a>iPl anl^n
    MW
    ci i^i^j
    81^^ ^IH S,
    ^IH S. k"H*li
    '1
    ^%
    "fl*>' ^IH S.
    Hl5V-^llllctl efliHl ^ Oiill R3l^ ^IH 6.
    cl^ si'^di ciMi(l {leii
    kni
    sst 'flsoi 0.
    H-aii^l^lH-fat^i iv-Hl.
    M^l'ti
    HJA^l ^^
    fat'-lS ^d^l fel^ 311^1^1
    H^. M<l'l[ MH an^ ^CH
    X<H ?i<n-$Kt MCHMMI
    HHRIH . M^lKl ^1>H ctc-t^i >lca^ ^l^wi (HlSi^ii
    an^ M%IM^ =ilMi^Ri ani^ $. 3i:(lH slili m41^
    '>tldj d^^ Sm^i^ImI el g, cl '-ncadm <-0^
    (ai^l ii S.
    Mo-N. 0. PRiMULACEiE.
    'lli&l'll Su=ll 8tlH S. ci'ii MH Rm[, viM\
    aHl=tl iia.al'ft M'^ a>il^ , @HMtd ^ld( ^i^fl.
    >i
    Hlo ll'^ aHtl::^li(l, ?irii -4^1
    \<^
    -^ q-u^^
    V n fe ^IH S. 5io aH*Ho
    IW^a Ml-'M.ASil M,
    1 'VHn y ft : ^IM S.
    :i~l%t^l \[-h{[ M^
    M ani^C-ti m . %>ll^WVl9lUlH
    1 MlSlHlolt,
    dMl aHt(i"{l<v H^i IH d. sjl
    ^ilrllrQ 5^51
    aHmWi ^IH S.
    ani ^liRiKl
    Hid
    anSdv
    q^^Mfd aHl^Hl
    MfitH
    (^|%tH
    an^ "(Isn
    <MlSli>li,
    ^H ani
    :t=t%!!iH>i(
    @^l S-cl "ili^l ^Slil" S. aH;ii aji^
    ^(jifi
    oj^^^
    g^
    V^U^lMrllH-Anagallis arvensis
    (Var)-
    Cn^rulea.
    t'^dW-H. III.
    I).
    506; N.
    p. 169j
    Watt I.
    p.
    235.
    V a ^
    ^ai datrsH^
    \ fl
    \^
    ^d li^iqui
    ^W d. >iyci
    d'Q ^U->MiaHi
    <v>{lctM^ ^c-tli^
    d
    wi
    i^qi
    ^-^HIH d. ciii
    Ml^
    Ml^ ^l^wiiaHi
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    v^v
    lt*"HQli4i.
    c^Si^mi ^iH d. 5m du<Hi'ft 12(1 Pi?m ^i<Hi
    ^.^WR 5Hw ^l^^ ^Wi ill ^^
    'l^scfl
    d l^ <ll wil "4liH HIS 3Hl^ S l:-"Never
    lose an opportunity of seeing anything
    beautiful. liM MJ
    ySR H^g svl-HlKl rti yMl-
    Ml %IIH1>{1 5li%il^ 3>il^fl ^IH ^. n
    ^ctt/H -v^l
    hlih
    iVr Kli^C-li ^IH S, cImI ildil ^icd 'i^.
    1>HKI iM^'il <HPRi q^nH 3 MK ^i^/^lKl m1
    m%tlHi "{li^ieii ^IH S. HI^ aHl'-fl iB 3
    qsi
    ^i Mi^tHl Hl^ M<31 ^IH 6. rtlW MH^l
    Sli ^i\ ^i 'i}f\ii\
    Hlil^ ^IH ^. ci <(Ul
    ?i(tflHW( MH ^^i ^""ilH S. cHi ^^^1
    m
    ^W
    d. MK
    \
    ^=H0 W 1^
    aat c-thi an^l
    i
    fl
    \
    iSl^i
    "^
    M CHlW-i Ml^ic-tl iW
    d. nKl
    <^'^
    ^IH S. MKMI Soft ci{l 'i^l ^IH d. d Sm^HI
    Ml<A^ ana
    J^^cU an^ 'ftai'O 3l <Hii.lR 'fti-
    ^H^d. M ildil ^Wl ^41 Mlrtll, {Wl,
    a^cA-
    Sllta ^IH d. <l ilU>l @<J(1 an^
    JiSt HiMl \^
    H^Hi aniil 1 -{1=0 H(l ^H S. jita^i t-MW 3
    C-llW't(l
    ^
    ^ai
    ^dll ^IH S. ^CH >H^>M^ fll
    flc-H, ^irll, ^m[, ^(Al an^^ aHl^MlHl a>lH MJat
    ^31 (M(^ct aHMl<1^ H=^V>{[ ^IH d, ctlH^J flKl
    Mi"^il ani^MlKl
    -<31'0
    |wi ^41 aHUlMlKl Wl
    an^jlaHWi an^ C-(lCHl ^^^ni ^IH S. ci Mi">Hila>li(l
    anh^ ani^^ti ^im d. M "Sr ^ini ^nKl
    a^^i-
    Scfl ^ Mlct'4l ^IH d. M iM^Kl Hl/lM^ =l=^l-
    Hat aiiit Soft Kli
    an^ 'flal'flM^ "i^ KliWlcfl
    >i<'m%l'rt^1lH--{l
    Mi^Hilani M ^IH d. ci^
    Mni^t ^S^H
    aH(HH(>ct il^l^ an^ Sli^i M<ltfli-
    ctitfil aHi<Hl %IISI Hl^lKl JilSl^ a>il^{l ^IH d.
    anl ^S Mi'^Hil^ clfoi'^ ^Ictl ^^Wl ai[^5^l an^
    Hai^li a)iPiH(>lrt tilCAl ^^hI WlMl ^li ^.
    :^l%^i-M ^W ^. ^ Mi^il^ cl(tfll HKl
    lUM^ <Hi ^IH d. cHl cisjanl ctfAJl ^mi ?llft
    M[">Mil?(l H->Hci %1^<V ^ii ^IH S.
    l"l5i-aHS ^IH ^. ci^l siQiUlH ^Kai'cfelcll
    C-fl^l, aitAScil anPl ?tl(Al^ctl eflCHl Vl^l IH
    ^; 'tleisi ciffA'! ^itflU'iKl, @M^ ^icti^i'ft, c-fl^
    attAicfl an^l
    Ji\^l(l
    iv^l ^i^ ^IH d; dR-tJlU-
    ^>M flc-tl%16lcil ^51^ ^IH ^. 3l<*tkHMi aniR-
    Jj$l-il4H C-flcHl :i3Hi
    an^ MlJ/l tH S cHl^
    9ijl ??H\ tW <^H d. ci i-fl^il, ai(AScli an^
    Mldtffl WlC-tHltni ^IH ^. s^Sl^l
    ^-HW
    ^
    ^^i '^i^i
    ^^1 ^Hmi ani^ S. an^
    x^'l
    't**'^ ^ITI^^-
    dfeiil
    Mm
    Ch|o{1 aHtj{l ^<l ^^a ^IH 6. i^CH-fl
    Ml/lM^ SfKl an^l
    aJ^i H^Siiqat a>iiil \t^l
    ^m d. ani aniil \<U\\^ kH
    "iMiKl 4Rft'{l
    ^{\i @Hi d an^ ciHi(l
    HHii
    ^?jH
    '^iv
    <^6R
    ani^ d.
    ^IH d. ciM^ ^^"H MUiaJil <v=(l nHi ilH d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ll%M(cietl4*t. V^"H
    'i(l,
    M<4i
    -sio HiA ^ai^n (Dr. Watt) Micti'ft
    Ai<K<l>ti
    c-ixJl
    ^.--"Used to intoxicate
    fish and to expel leeches from the
    nostrils, in cerebral aflfections, leprosy,
    hydrophobia, dropsy, epilepsy and mania.
    Formerly it was used in Europe in
    epilepsy, mania, hysteria, delirium,
    enlargement of the liver, spleen, dropsy,
    emaciation, stone, the plague, bites
    of serpents and mad animals and in
    numerous other diseases.
    Said to be poisonous to doys, pro-
    ducing inflammation of the stomach."
    V9-^^Wi-iS, 3isn (Lucerne) ^I'^lt^fl, JjcAl
    545125
    ^ihm vitmi suH ll l(Al\J^ aHi<l <vct( (&?l.
    Al^ HH HIH 6. 5iri( ^st svlrti [aiTt Jlvt IIH S.
    U4.
    ^ll^'H 5HI RH
    eivl d
    1:-
    ''The generic name is derived from
    [ ]
    again, and
    [
    ]
    to make
    glorious, or to cause mirth, from its
    fabled virtue to remove sadness. This
    name was most probably suggested from
    the beauty of the flowers, or from the
    fact that as the sun rises and sets, so
    the sparkling Anagallis opens and
    closes, hence the popular name Poor-
    man's weather-glass."
    aH^lH 3tl(4m i^<n <viiii^ & VFrom
    anagelao-to laugh again; to cheer the
    spirits." sHWm ^ rilH aniM'HlMi il^^ d.
    **This is the common pimpernel, or
    shepherd's weather-glass. It is found
    occasionally in the Deccan in moist
    places, and is common in the Pashan
    valley and in the S. Ghats. But it is
    the blue flowered variety, comparatively
    rare in England, which is oftenest
    found. The only representative of the
    Primrose order found in W. India
    seems to be rather a doubtful native,
    and is at all events, much better known
    at home.''
    Kv^lii \w\^\.\ Im^'W
    >\%>{
    (mP^misi
    (
    C-tM'll^'il 31ct M^M fMH i^ ^^'><K1
    )
    iiiriiitt
    l^H \mh\ ( *The flowers of the field
    )
    "There is another little herb, very
    common in our garden-plots in the
    cold weather, and very common in
    England also, whose Gujar^ti name I
    cannot discover. In England we call
    it the Pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis).
    It rejoices my heart Avhen I see it here
    in flower, every year, in January and
    February. The only difference between
    our pimpernel and the English one
    is that the latter is commonly red,
    while ours is always blue. (The English
    anagallis is sometimes blue also.-c. m.)
    It is a little cosmopolitan of the ve-
    getable world as the sparrow is among
    birds. You may know it by its flower-
    stalks curving inwards and downwards
    as soon as its flowers wither."
    tSl<Hi ^Wm ^H^il R=HR SU^ $ |:-"The
    Scarlet Pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis)
    to waken at seven and close soon
    after two."
    Ml-N.
    0. SAPOTACE^.

    Common Thoughts on serious subjects.-


    by the late Chester Macnaghten, M. A. Prin-
    cipal Rajkumar College. Rajkote (Kattiawad).
    t
    British Wild Flowers Relation to Insects,-
    (sleep of flowers) Sir John Lobbock.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    VR^
    q'l*'MCiei4l.
    ^. Shhh ^ini -{% 5H^ iiH 6 cii rt^rt M^
    M^l y
    a ^ ^IH d. ?l H%h<{
    Sis ^^H^
    >io
    an^-Ho "il'^'fl MI^mM "H^d i!/l ^IH d, 1^
    |^dl( aHl=tl ci?(l "I ^ ^<^ 'Itaii ^IH ^,
    <i
    ?i>M
    aHJs
    (HJ
    ffJ*^ ^IM d. 3HlR"{l<V ^KHUmKl
    ^'li ajQl Hiill nfe^S, an^l M^l^Q S. M^ilj^ ^
    3H^ 1^
    iV3l<M^^ S. ^l^^ii s^CH'fl
    >{lU%t
    aHPlca
    i^^ ynH '^^l ni c-tMii'cT R^fl ^i'{ ^ 1 d
    i?li
    ^ii'cT mi \^ Mej cl ciKl iiKci diil
    l-^U^HilH-Mirausops Elengi.
    4^di-rt-H. III. p. 548; N.
    ii.
    172;
    Watt. v.
    p. 249; ?.
    Pt. Ml. VW.
    3-cii4ri-<n^<5fl'ii cau ^Ui ^^ d. H "iM(l
    ^M !<fld (3^i IIH S. "SrcT v3liaH aHft R^H
    <3aii
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    j(cwi, ^lil'ti dpAHi Ml
    qs^-Hi ^ic-iqitfii an^
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    a>iPl ancMcl 1^^
    M(^Ha=lltai IH S.
    :!i*'MilH^lH-aHM:%ll^, ^ M^l >l (^I^h(
    am an^ ctM^dani -^'iKl ^m/lciitAi
    ^m 6.
    i'^'HlQ-l-ni[^lH-'{l
    MKil 341,151^ aHl^{l m
    &. clrft rienl aHcHct i>A ^ ^<H^ ^IH S. clKl
    "5RHI dilKl i 6R ^IH 6. cl^li M^{1 6Mi
    1^ ^ll, and {l2^ ^[m L ^31 ^IH 6. cl
    m4i=0 ans^ Officii ^
    aJti "{l<rtM^ anl^CHl ^IH
    . -Sl Ql(4l^fcl4l an^ lil5l <v^l Pl<Hl(5lcl ^IH
    ^. (aH>lct/^M Nectary a>i8i=li) ^lidi JiS^^Hl
    <^^i
    anii ^iH S. n iil^i(l
    anh^ ani^eti ^ih
    S. cl V'^lWl^Al
    an^ R^lPtcl ^IH 0.
    >i"^^^l-<^
    ^IH d. cl mI"hM 'ic/tlM^ ani^c-ti
    ^IH d. cHl cigSii
    lii
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    M^l^fSlH ^HlSl^,
    cdgjisj ani^lctiou, ctftA^ (hwPicI
    an^ aH cia\ctl ^IH d.
    l"^%^-"l
    ^IH S. cl^l 31(hUiH anu MK-t an^
    anij
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    "
    Tobacco is a poison deadly in large
    doses, pernicious and harmful in all doses.
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    tion, obliterates taste and smell, spoils
    the blood, oppresses the brain, depresses
    the hearti irritates the nerves, wastes the
    museles, obstructs the liver, dims the
    vision,stains the skin, and deteriorates and
    contaminates every organ and tissue with
    which it comes in contact in the body.
    Its ( Tobacco
    )
    influence is to lessen
    vitality, to benumb the sensibilities,
    to
    Shorten life to kill."

    ( jio
    "Ssti'l.
    )
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    H3-N. O. OLEACE^.
    t{i[^
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    1*iJl 33^.
    1-J?ll^l^ilH-Schrebera swietenioides.
    ^<^dkrt-H. III.
    p.
    604; N.
    p. 176; Watt.
    VI. part. II.
    p. 488; ^. R. Ml. VY&.
    5i-'^^ClHR->l^^l, -ihiii MU
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    ^)^-N. O. SALVADORACE.E.
    ani 'tl^Kl <HWi l^i
    an^ aiUHi 11H ^.
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    (IMMH ^Irli 'Xm. ^i^M'>^lt"SlH 3 a M R(Hl-
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    ViTi cudji
    ^lllHiR-Salvadora persica.
    ^gl'rt-H. III.
    p.
    619; N.
    p. 177; Watt.
    Vl-part 11.
    p. 448; |. (d. Ml. 3(5-M.
    TR^, i?r^r55i, qri
    (jto); 3ir^, gi2rqt3 (fio); 555-
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    rjfTj?( 3m^ JT'hl'^ <4H+<rldl*l I
    ^tra^ Jrfe^ 'I^ JTRRTT JTlcTI II
    ^^^ISctl SHI ^H^ Sn^ Hl ivS SHi^ anr-d 6-
    >ilil ?l?(l<V^l^
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    ?i<^Q*'^l
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    |^fl^ Sis *eli5
    :-
    <t>cA I <<H
    : II Nfy'^CM f^^^l^MHId: ^Z^-
    ^mM
    Tf
    I'^d II
    "Younder bee has a great affection
    for the cluster of lotuses and has
    gaily deposited herself amongst them;
    now in!course of time, she came roaming
    to another place, and here she highly
    prized the flavour of the ivM/a/a-flower.''
    t-<lllHilH-Wrightia tinctoria.
    i^dicl-H. in.
    p.
    653; N.
    p. 180; Watt.
    VI. Part. IV.
    p. 316; ^. R. Ml. \\Y.
    (?io); ^fcsrf^rr, jti^f^^si^ (^o);
    iftsri?^ (rfo);
    3-eii|irt-|t(C-lwi 3JIJ
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    d. aHil C-tli4Hi C-nflani, ^>li>s(, JcflsHl,
    |,
    a>i^ ^cflHl aJiliM^Hi ^i^ti ^51^ H'tlH'-llMi ani^ $.
    IIH
    ^3
    5i(l
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    m(%i^ (Hl^lMi 11H $.
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    ^^ ^\i ilH ^, 'Hl^ 5i;^ ^H^i s^rtl (^^l.
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    an^ ^'il
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    ^-^U^lliR-W. tomentosa.
    I'^dl'ci-H. III.
    p. 653; N.
    p. 180; Watt.
    VI. part IV.
    p.
    317.
    (*To);
    5^ (ffo).
    Sail 11H d. anHl l-vJliaHl ajiri^ij
    M%l^lf(l ^K
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    sundara veerraju
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    M1-N. 0. ASCLEPIADE^.
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    (
    regular
    )
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    )
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    >i<H'{l M); ani^cHi ^m d. M^pftm ^ Mieitiicni,
    sundara veerraju
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    Jin ^li'H
    '{ISi ilMli^ St^^'S:
    "The analysis of the plants of this
    order is most difficult, and in dried
    specimens never satisfactory, from the
    fleshiness and complexity of the coronal
    processes and anthers. I have spent
    many months over the Indian ones,
    Hvs
    and have kept pretty close to the
    generic limits adopted in the "Genera
    Plantarum" I have, however, been
    obliged to abandon the tribe Stapelefe,
    to suppress Vincetoxicum, and to
    propose several new genera."
    (Sir, J. D. Hooker),
    "It comes near to the last, but the
    staminal crown, which outwardly is
    not the least like the stamens and
    pistil in any other plants, is quite
    peculiar to this order."
    (Rev. a. K. Nairne).
    ani ^5^k1 q'l^MfrtMi '-Hli^l ^lfl M^H -i'n^
    ani h^hI ^W^Mfrt^i 5<l, lit*. 5*1"^, SnilMs,
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    i^
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    H3i'^-(5l%iilPi^4l).
    ^-^U^*l1W-Hemidesmus Indlcus.
    t^i'd-H. IV.
    p. 5. N.
    p.
    183. Watt.
    IV.
    p.
    219. 3, R. Ml. w.
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    sundara veerraju
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    Poisonous Plants
    of Bombay Vol. II (By Surgeon-
    Lient-Colonel K R. Kirtikar, I. M.'
    S., F. L. S.).iW-t 4isd^
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    l<>dW-H. IV.
    p.
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    IV.
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    II. p. 477; ^. Pi. Ml. MVS3,
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    ^
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    p. 46; N.
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    MK ^l^^ -^H^m^llMi aniclcti ^cli.
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    '^^ ll'Vi^ji an^ i5l(| IH
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    an^l iia^l S^C-t ^'IMl ^M^IH d.
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    H^b^ aHl-<Hl (i|^HK^( 811M &.
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    aJie^
    ^'A^ 3ll<?ll aniM^l.
    l-*ll^HilH-E.
    obtusifolia.
    l<^dl'ct-H. IV.
    p.
    142j Watt.lII.p.204.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    '\S%
    iH^'H&n^'i.
    cti 9V^l i-^ldl ^IH $. aJi'ii
    x<H>ii R?m ^ ^IH .
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    R^'^i^ Hltiil'fl cld^l-
    4^ ^.
    t-^ll^lnHR-Coldenia procumbens.
    ^^il'rt-H. IV.
    p.
    144; N.
    p. 195; Watt.
    II.
    p.
    502.
    (l+f|o ); fljqf^ (?ro
    ).
    ami iiH ^. H m^i^ "vkIhm^ vsi^msti
    ^m
    ^. ^Hrli aHl-il ^UHIM^ felled \m(i\ ani^i-ft ^IM
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    an^
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    ani^C-ti ^IM ^. ctM^ yi^fl |Ml<a an^ i^ai^sfl
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    ^
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    ailHi'Hl^ft SMRIM 41H d.
    il>Sl Hl<Hl=flaHl, tii, an^ rtOllH "i 'iCl ill
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    HRlfl
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    ^-^U^MilH-Heliotropium supinum.
    t'^iW-H. IV. 149; N.
    p.
    196.
    (ho).
    3-HQjri-Sirii Sucii
    1
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eirl%'H(cw4'l' WM
    aJi'li ^UHl fclitfll
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    ^^WS-H^^IS^
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    ^^3
    ^IH Siqi
    ^ilH ci <ficHl4H( SH^ii gUc{t mail 31 g.
    1-^ll^H'tlH-H. Indicum.
    '
    m^cl-H. IV.
    p. 152; N.
    p. 196; Watt.
    IV.
    p.
    214.
    M^Jt, ^sg^r, ffcfri^ (
    f|o
    ); ^ii
    (
    ^o
    ).
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    rl>t( ^ S.
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    ^141 i^ S.
    *l-^ll^lilH-H.
    ovalifolium.
    i^kcl-H. IV.
    p.
    150; N.
    p.
    196.
    3-ct4i-2irii Su=ii \ j2i?(l
    i^i
    ihl
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    Wl
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    (
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    vw^
    <tl%'H(cW^<
    0. ctM^ m4i^ '^i'^ '^l'^4
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    an ja-tf, Sifjiit=tl4, (kn, i^'i^ Vi7[ n3ll<HlM[
    l-^ll^lM'iR-H.
    marifolium.
    It^il-cl-H. IV.
    p.
    152; N.
    p.
    19G.
    MM 1 ?a 1^
    illai C-lini an^
    ^
    fa^ ^t^itfli ^ll
    ^*'^
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    Q^l 6. lil^ft^dlHl td^i %Ufl ^Jll MK ani
    n<H!i 3^33.
    l-^lllMilH-Trichodesma Indicum.
    i^i['r\ H. IV.
    p. 153; N. p. 197;
    Watt-VI.-part. IV.
    p. 80; ^. Pi- Ml. \CY.
    ^^.^^, dni3
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    V^o ii%\(cit4'i-
    1-^ll'^H1lH-Sericostomapauciflorum
    iKkrt-H. IV.
    p. 175; N.
    p.
    197.
    5l-^^fl'll>l-iR'Hl^, bRo\\^\, Ml^W:-{l(Mi+?io);
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    S.V.RAJ U
    ^51 lt%'H(cit4*l-
    t-J^ll^lH'ilM-I. calycina.
    ^('dl'Cl-H. IV.
    p.
    201; N.
    p.
    204.
    3}14M^ =lifl ^K S.
    Sicii Miri ;jicn i?,^ii:^ >t(Act(
    'iKSil'ti ^iqi^J Qil?.^^ ani^ ^. 5i^ j^c-1 slmt'cT-
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    qlfH(citi4'i. Vd-S
    ^1*^1
    1^.5^^ ii
    d. SHI HC-ni ^C-1 Hl^i^ ^5l
    l-J^U^l^ltilH-I. pentaphylla.
    iOiid-H. IV.
    p.
    202; N.
    p. 202;
    ^-"^^QrlR-Mi^l MH^n ^s^il (^iio) Hr^f (;io).
    3-Ht3Ji-Miai MH'Q ^S^il'tl ^c^l iii^li^
    <<3il
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    fit
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    vtx ll%'H(cll^'i.
    IH d. ci C-l3l(H3l
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    cttARM^'fl afl^l
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    i.
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    l-<lllHiR-I. pes-tigridis.
    t-^dkct-H. IV.
    p.
    204; N.
    p. 203. Watt.
    IV.
    p.
    488.
    3_m|i,t_cim\^i^rit ^c-ii SiiMW meii (33[l
    ani^ S. ci M 8(1 \o J[li c-tNi qii &. ci<tw
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    ^^
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    ci
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    M^l
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    ov^i ^^loii qita'fl |ym ^IH d. ^C-t
    "llo ^I'H'ti M^l M ^IH ^, ci aHi{lavi(l oy^i
    c-ii<ni isi ^iH . M^i
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    fl
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    ci ci{l nct il^li^ sJiilHeft
    ^IH .
    cl^ Mtic?l ct^l oHi^i \ 8(1
    1^
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    Mt^i^RM^ ci>ii Mia^ il "niat a^l^C-il
    ^ih d.
    ^1^i Mij ci'O <rnn JiMii^i M ^ii d. ^Ts?
    anioi ilH
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    clM^^aHi
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    S^
    Mi^tl^i IH ^, ci'ti
    ^i
    MiMl
    "{"-5\
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    i"^Hc-fl
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    ^^-^M^iiaft H3l->i{A
    an^ <4l<iV.
    H-^Q.l^lH-?lllM
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    Hll^flMi H^^ ^RSR an^l
    ^'-(I'-ll'll ^IMH^ aiiMilH
    Wi. <41<V "^a^i i^^lH d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ll%"H(rteii4't.
    V(i--4
    1-^lllliW-I. pes-tigridis var. hepa-
    tieifolia.
    iVict-H. IV.
    p. 204; N.
    p.
    203; Watt
    IV.
    p.
    488.
    c-ihT "^^^i 'HifA'fl
    Iwt^n
    M^i ^idl -i^,
    si{ \
    %1(AI isa an^ ctM^ Slui '^?)l ^IH ^. ^C-l^ll VI
    HMil an^ 5(C-1
    (M^ <ahl ^iqi 'Hl'^'fl R^m
    |ll ^IH
    Si. msv iioil \nr{[ :{ ^-H^ (Ji^:^iy5ldl
    a^Utll
    ilH S. anl (iM^sil <v 51:^
    |iyti ai^^ii
    1-^U^1liR-I. pes-tigridis-var capi-
    tellata.
    H. IV.
    p. 204; N.
    p. 203; Watt
    IV
    p.
    488.
    ^-"^*nilH-aHi<^l5l^5i^l (^lo); shI
    "^^m
    'hIsH it\[
    5c^i 'i^
    "^^4
    MH gSMl^frHl "i|^l
    aH'^Hi iR^tmi ^ e<i'-^l
    IM . Sirii ^c^l Sim
    V^ll%Cl<tilH-I. eriocarpa.
    tyi-cl-H. IV.
    p. 204; K p. 203;
    Watt. IV.
    p.
    485.
    JJ-'^^fl'llH-^uil Hil (Mio+iio); ^rm (rlo)
    3-Hi5j.'~ri-5^lil ^i\M ^a ^m^ Hi^fl dsQ
    ^'Mi ilii.l'li, aHH
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    ^IH
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    llll R^ 'flic?! i.
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    fftl|,
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    HR ct
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    oywi^
    ^CH^i V ^^t C-lhl a>i^
    R.
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    . MH
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    ^RH ^iiii^lrti C-li<Hl ani^Q^lltAi
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    ildil ^C-Wl ^iil '^v^^l avlil
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    Ijjfl
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    Mi^ ri=li<iy ^IH ^. cilMtJl ci 'Hi^R'li "I M^l
    Hrti 5V^l %liliii ^ iii ^R ^. ani Mlai M^l^il
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^fC-^
    ll*'H(clti4't-
    4[->hM M^M^ ^I'^l ^II^AKI
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    SH^ oRii
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    l-^ll^H'iR-I. tridentata.
    t^dl-cl-H. IV.
    p.
    205; N.
    p.
    204.
    itil
    anil <U"^l^l->siil i'HpArt'V ^iM tf.
    ^'^fl U'iiaMl rfliOil (vHUM^ ''^i rt^ii ^ 5^1
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    f
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    am 5H^ ^ (l 3 cHiW'i "Hi^itfii ^iH ^. ciKl
    ildil
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    sand bind weed,
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    a^C-t,9iiHaHiq(A,
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    Hod <l*l%"H(cil4'i-
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    1-J?ll^1<liW-I. dasjspei-ma.
    ^Kkd-H. IV.
    p.
    215.
    3_q,|lcl-^Mi^C-l iilMl^ Htajl (35(1 3Hl^ 6.
    ti^ cil rtM^ 3Ail ^M &, ct
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    ).
    t-<U^lilH-Convolvulus
    microphyllus.
    ^ikrt-H. IV.
    p.
    218; N.
    p. 205.
    ^. Pi. Ml. 3^3.
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    sundara veerraju
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    ^-^dl'Ct-H. IV. p.
    219.
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    3.
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    1-J?ll^iiW-C. arvensls.
    tt^dl-cl-H. IV.
    p. 219; N.
    p. 205; Watt.
    II.
    p.
    518.
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    Mlo+3io
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    t^l-cl-H. IV.
    p. 220; N.
    p. 206; "Watt.
    III.
    p. 305;
    ^o Ro Mio 3M3.
    V"^^ll'lR-il</ft^>HlHC-{],sjl^!ia^il(>)l+Jio);
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    t^i-^l-H.
    IV.
    p.
    225; K
    p.
    206; watt.
    II. p. 588; |. Pi. Ml. M^^.
    V"^^nilH-MQ'^l
    (Mlo); \^^l
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    p.
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    i^lct-H. IV.
    p.
    229; N.
    p. 208; "Watt.
    IV. part. III.
    p. 263; ^. Pi. Ml. 313.
    V'^JiarlR-Mlliil (^i+?i); ilM* (io^ ^.
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    t
    The Poisonous Plants of Bombay. Vol. II.
    By Lient.-Colonel K. R. Kirtikar, I. M. S.,
    F. L. S., &c. (1903)
    Hi Hli) ct'l>H(rl 4 3l cHi
    "m?l
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    , <H(A1
    M'^d'HR di n i^il (
    dunghills
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    ^
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    ani^.
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    1:-
    "
    Datura
    ( ^^^ )
    is artistically speak-
    ing, a plant of great beauty, and quite
    a garden-ornament. Dr. Christison of
    Edinburgh remarks that the Thorn-
    apple
    (
    Datura
    )
    in his day had become
    quite an ornament of Edinburgh Gardens.
    Kerner observes, that in the Datura
    plant the various forms, and the dis-
    tribution of the green leaves, young
    and old, on the surface of the stem is
    very charaeteristic. Their position and
    form afford much room for observation.
    The unequal size of adjoining leaves
    on the same branch or stem is quite an
    artistic phenomenon. Looking down
    upon a horizontally projecting branch
    of the Datura plant, the larger and
    smaller leaves will be fouod arranged in
    quite a peculiar and striking manner."
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    S.V.RAJ U
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    l-^iirt-H. IV.
    p. 299; N.
    p. 219; Watt.
    TI. part. II.
    p. 126, 127. Vol. VI.
    part. III.
    p. 302, 310 and 374.
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    p. 299; N.
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    ).
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    (%. \.)
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    "A tree with drooping branehes like


    *
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    to 334 <!i^\.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    qi%'uCii4i. ^vd
    the weeping willow: when in flower few
    trees can present a more noble or beauti-
    ful sight. This is a rare tree, and worthy
    of cultivation,
    for the sake of its
    elegant foliage and showy flowers."

    (Graham, Cat. Bomb, plants


    p. 124.)-
    I should add that it should also be
    cultivated for the sake of tis medicinal
    virtues J. I.'''
    *
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    >a^(l U<li an-t wiiii=ji S:-"I am still Jittle glad
    that the tree has given its name from heaven
    after its death." LateMr. Macnagbten's
    love of Botany.
    13-N. 0. PEDALINE-^.
    ^11 aMisiR'ti ^f.?
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    SSjH yi^ll R^C-ll S.
    1-^llltil>l-Pedalium Murex.
    Igl-cl-H. IV.
    p. 386; N.
    p. 226; Watt.
    VI. port. I.
    p.
    123. 3. ft. Ml. vs.
    *
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    p. 387U.
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    aJlHt <nl iicai ^ ^sinii
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    Sllll "ItASKl si^M^ ails
    M^?i
    ^IH ell ^MR ^i
    clc-t C-t5ll!l .
    ctC-t'tl iUHl (51 &.
    \-<U^lHil>l-S. prostratum.
    t'^dk-H.
    IV.
    p.
    387.
    V'^J^ft'lR-il'lclSl (^l+?io).
    ^Hlft ^iP^iV {lP U>Hl5il r{lj,5i{l ^iH .
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    M^
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    e^lc-ll eMmi ani^ d. ^ct^lMl IHlcll %tmR<^
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    ff?
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    ^m cl rtiSfl S^HIH d.
    l-Jul<tniH-Martynia diandra.
    t'>il'Ct-H. IV.
    p. 386; "Says an
    American weed (Called TigercUw or
    Devil's claw), is Crimmon in India."
    N.
    p. 226; Watt. Y.
    p.
    192.
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    tai-ct-H. IV.
    p.
    394; N.
    p.
    243.
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    ^Irt^i^l i^ d.
    V^U^lH'llH-Hygrophila serpyllum.
    ^yi'ct-H. IV.
    p. 406; N.
    p. 230.
    MK
    i
    ft \
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    ^ Qiai^rcfti
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    anmi <i^ S. an C^o^i tii^ft o/sIish
    iiH .
    l-^U^lMilH-H. spinosa.
    t'^dl-d-H. IV.
    p. 408; N.
    p. 231;
    Watt IV.
    p. 316; ^.
    Pi. Ml. MHM.
    H-'^^lliR-^"H^l (Ml+?io); ^JTSg^ (Jfo);
    ^r^^'^JTi, ciisw^rsTi (r^
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    t^dkct-H. IV.
    p.
    491; N.
    p.
    238.
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    1-^U^vHil'HAndrograpliis echioides.
    l^di-ct-H. IV.
    p. 505; N.
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    R-'^^U'lR-il'Ji hi\vili (^U+Uo); Km^\-
    ijRr (i).
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    t6!Krt-H. IV.
    p. 517; N.
    p.
    287.
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    l^l-cl-H. IV.
    p. 531; N".
    p.
    240.
    5l-%^l1'lW-'*5^ct^l'^~i^(la5il (Mlo+iio)
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    t'-iKi-H. IV.
    p.
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    t<>il-ct-H. IV.
    p. 540; N.
    p. 241;
    Watt I.
    23. 109; ^. Pi. Ml.
    \o.
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    t'^dl'U-H. IV.
    p. 549; N.
    p.
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    Watt. VI. part. I.
    p. 593; ^. (d. Ml. ^t.
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    parviflora.
    tSl-ct-H. IV.
    p.
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    p.
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    VI. part. I. p.
    592.
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    igkrt-H. IV.
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    *
    mf>tflfl ^iU 'H'ti ani^ 6-Ind. Agri. Sep-
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    IV. p. 672; N. p. 258;
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    tVk-H. IV.
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    l<>il'-ct.-H. IV.
    p.
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    m
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    t-^ll^^irllH-L. Loiigifolia.
    t'^ikri-H. IV.
    p.
    686; N.
    p. 259.
    ^-%^ftnR-lhi MH^l ^5li (Mi+?io)
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    ^-<ll%fllilH-L. Cophalotes.
    l-'il'd. H. IV.
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    sundara veerraju
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    tOdkn-H. IV.
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    I.
    p.
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    tt-il'd-II. IV.
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    S, Im( ^icll ^'Hi anitSi) aH^H=ll(Al
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    an-
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    (
    Eicinus
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    i^n
    o^^ii -<^CHi
    t-^U^lHrlW-Euphorhia liypeiicifolia.
    lai'ct-H. V.
    p. 249j X.
    p. 289; Watt.
    III.
    p.
    29G; 2. Ci. Ml. M^V.
    ( i );
    ^ritj^r
    (
    o
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    ).
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    t'^il'd-H. V.
    p.
    250; N.
    p,
    '280; Watt
    III.
    p. 298; ^. Pi. Ml. \\H.
    >ll/l |'^(l (Mlo);
    ^l<^ |'M*n, H131C-11^<:-{1 (ijo
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    l-^ll^MHlH-E. tbymifolia.
    t'^dKI-H. V.
    p. 252; N. p.
    289; Watt.
    III.
    p.
    300; ^.
    rll. Ml. M^M.
    'il^l'fl t^'S.
    (?i
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    l-^il-cl-H. V.
    p. 244; N.
    p.
    286.
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    t'^dl-cl-H. V.
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    p.
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    tai'ri-H. V.
    p.
    24G,- N.
    p.
    288.
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    \\o.
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    Y Hl^Oellfe, M ^^IMH^it^,
    an^
    ^ Hl^lant^'^d,
    an y SM'llH^l aHl^ i^suHl ^ct, ci4l
    ^i"^
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    ysi aHi*l\i 'h^i <'^[\ , (HRl 6U^ [^
    &.
    =iiM^'-ii(l iiPct^ =t^i"^ 6*. n't! <HW iis^, @c-i<n,
    ^i
    iHR^^ idu 'S. aniHtni
    ti^ii ^15(1 ^
    ^HiHil H^l^ ^PR^ \^i 1^. "(\
    ^ ^.
    ).
    '
    a>ii*l(AWi >H<ill illl^ft ci
    <Hli^
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    M'^^ ctil dldi imft (MtI^I HUl i^ ^. i^
    ^(Jl
    (\m 3^i ^WlMl i^^ (iic?l $. aHml[ tf^d^l
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^3e>
    <ll%'HCiei4*^.
    Sis^i
    Si^i >tn ^
    "5
    'Hi WR <iU, ^
    ^I'l
    'H^-ii
    an^ 211R
    <Hl'l
    aniHtAi elHi
    Mi
    3HI n^iKl
    ^
    ollin Mi^l rtil Slli'.d
    5i4
    'HS dK4l Mi<^a^i
    cil/l felldl'ft
    SiiyHi
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    ^l>Hl
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    an^
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    &."
    (^.
    SlU. H. ^l.)
    s^
    0,0 rii H<3im^i (HPimi uiH d.
    1-^U'^lH'ilH-P.
    madraspatensis.
    tai^d-H.
    V.
    p.
    292; N.
    p. 292;
    Watt,
    VI. part I.
    p.
    221.
    R-'^^ll'lR-'Hi^l^l
    (^^"Y.
    i^iwi
    (^);
    ^J^Sf
    (ho); ^gi
    (f|o).
    Hijll d^ft ir4 S, c^l M<^ ^ ^dC-fli <^^112H Hl\
    ^l
    M<Jl ^^mi 2Hl^
    S. cl V a ^ ^=H -vdCHt
    Si'ti 6uHi Hi^ ^Hi H^sii ^iH ^, <j{i^ (H^m
    (HRl ^Irtl KMI Mi4i "SlVJ ^l^Al^
    fflj'tl ^UHlSimi
    M
    <U">Hl3ll
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    ani^
    i. "^I'cF-tR
    nKl U>Hl5i^l y>n'iM^ wicttniKl
    o{l5 oii<fa ^'^l ^'I'tl ilH , ^ 'H">Hcl clW yell

    ^[<<Hi\ ^H^JIWHI SHRf^wi aili (H\i\ p\\Hi


    6ilHl H^ ^Udllili cMiAAl Mi''^fil an^ Wl<"t oK^lClRi
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    ^HI 3-^(lHi mk
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    Mltai^l^rtl {lsil -<3l^l,
    ^o </iio "^iHcti M^l(l
    ^^i ^IH d;-'t(c-iJii 3-3vj^
    T^ (i^iian ctc?i{l
    JjCHMHKI MWHU =l5i<Hl IH &. <i JltM
    3 KlS ^ 3 'i^l I^HIH 6. J^C-t^l lii5i ^TSV
    si^ii'ft Ml 3 -"HkiHi^ni ^iH $. \imi 3 "Jlist
    ^
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    ^gjH >HUl5il'fl tHHiHlfOl <<Hl {l/laHl ^IH .
    &. i^lvSHi MH-il SiltfllKl MWHl i\ZMi ni^
    aniM^imi anl^ d. i^lWHl SUHl ^l^ <M| ""Mm
    #(!; Ml^lHl >HHRlHHlMi
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    MH^j^'il iiKKl uti^ Mfarll
    ^iHift d^
    (iClHi
    l-J?U%fl4il>l-P. urinaria.
    ^"^ii-ct-H. V.
    p.
    293: N.
    p. 292; Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p. 224;
    i.
    R. Ml. KH(:.
    MtfU (^l+^o); ai^S^Bit^SSr (no); ^^j^iff (f^o).
    3-Hi%li-aH'il Su-Hl ^iHanm^fl^ Mta^ll <v
    Sl^ll SH'IW
    M(8l
    9liHaHi>t^
    ^^l S. (Wo Ho
    3).
    l-^ll^l^WlH-P. simplex.
    i^U^'X-H. V.
    p. 295; N.
    p. 292; Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p.
    223.
    V'^^ftrllH-^l/l ^iHaMlM^ (Mlo); ki{ ^llH-
    aniHwU (?io); Mlti JjfaiRaa (JTo).
    SU^I -vHl iini ^IM . ci-fl
    U">HiaHi MWtffl
    ^
    Hl^S^ S"ilH{l ^IH ^. MK
    ff^l =ilcid an^ i[lsi
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    ^hI ^R S.
    an
    aHl-(i
    (^o
    Mi 11H d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    u>.
    ^<w(r\^m<
    T-^U-^hni^-P- distichus.
    iyi'd-H. V.
    p. 304; N.
    p.
    292; V/att.
    VI. Part I.
    p. 217; ^-Pl-Ml-MYV.
    {^o)^,
    i^wrfr, ^^Mi
    (f|o
    ); ^^i
    (^o
    ),
    HiSl Uiili @^ ^. 5ir{l ^uullS^l "ii'-'Ril l'jtm'-'[l
    if^n
    ii/i ^iH ^. MH R. (i 3 ^2t c-thi, \ fl i;^
    aHi^flsU ilH
    'S. ^-H ^ictl Wl Mli Ml^ Ml^ 5HI-
    ^Sli ^IH 6. ct H^m ^il ll"<Hla5ilM^ ^IH &. 5^41
    Hl'-ai
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    y"^
    ^
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    ani^ll^l ^IH ^. ^CH (lHl5ll (3rt?cli shKI ^ilHl^tiHl
    d. ct^ ^Hl^l viii 2H^ _^Mi ^TS^lH^-til'tl S
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    \ *(l l4
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    Sin!
    'tfii
    'Midi ^ (i?i
    ^iH 'S. n^
    jaj^n^
    Si'li ^C-l^l ?ii3i M5i
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    "ill^^t lili^ "li^ ^.
    AiWi
    M^^HWi iii^M^ ^IM d, ct'-tl '^iatiaHl
    (grooves) iiH S. Mi^ an^
    ^^"mg ?ti^ N^i
    H5f-( ^'^UOtSl^'l
    )
    ^.-^U^HrlR-P. Niruri.
    rj^-^iirci-H. V. p. 298; N. p. 292;
    Watt VI. part. I.
    p.
    222. |. (h. ML^Mt.
    (?i) 55
    3Trq?5t(no); vTRsn^t (Ffo); ic^'iifljy^,
    j^F5rr
    (ho).
    MH <v^i IH ^. ^l "H^lli^'ni <tr\i 'ftati 'IMcti
    !(lil ^If^ll
    "^
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    ani^ ^. Vi7\ !^4l aHlH'-ai
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    \
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    5it
    an^ 'jflcj t>tig 3 '^IV-ll^ ^IH d. nHl MI<0h^
    d
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    tt%'M(ciqG5i.
    ^33
    aJi'ti MW >l'-n l8l ^ili^Sfl <iH^ ^MRIH
    i.
    lS^'tl
    ll Si^i
    MH, ^5t
    wt^ !^C-t -H^^ dM^ aHMlH 'S.
    MHIH d, oTlHaniH^'ti *^V MiPdi MrSlMl qiMV
    "(HlHSHm^ "^l/l ^ it'll '5.
    Ml-i,(MTt, ^4nRi,
    Mill ^. (h?1'1 i^^ ^ ^1^ Jlt 'I ncfl
    (llH
    '-I'll S^l d.
    ni!i Ho)?.
    1-<ll%llHtl>l-Flue(^gia leucopyrus.
    4^i[ct-H. V.
    p. 328; N.
    p. 293;
    i.
    k
    Ml. M3M.
    V^^ftrlR.-iM^l (Mlo); ^fliaj^l
    (Jjo);
    qps^
    ?55ft,
    ^fW^
    (*lo
    );
    qiH^fr?
    ( ffo
    ) qp>fqi?{f,
    3-HCl't-|M^'il 3iU'-i( 3 a ^ (l<i <3=H[ ilH
    ^. ^Hi ct^l
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    Kls^ic-Q ^iH S. cicii
    6ii n'|Hi ildi ffpqi
    an^ll-
    Smmh 'ii6Hi ^ an^llti^ ^iH Oi. aaPl
    n-
    *m ^U^^lSiHl ii MW M^1lt^>(
    ^'((H 'Mlli
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    Ml^ 6
    3 MUH^lltfli
    ^IH d.
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    ani
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    k^ \^ =H[^<ii ^^^^i Mil 'S. hi^ ^"^6
    ^I'AMlW aniq S, an^ d <V^l ^S? M<^ ^l^ S.
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    SllM^qi^i
    a>il^ . an^i -414
    ^i;{^i Qiiii^ii ^^[rx
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    cil <tM^ "Hl<n^ C-tJIil S, J^ft 2^qici ^([ <!r\n .
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    ^l/lanl'fl
    qi-
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    ^^WHi LM^cli 35U=li ^d( W^tlMl 51 S.
    l ilfinWli, S(|l^j a>i;)
    M>a'^li 11M S.
    i-tno C^H'H'i-Siril s^cH
    iH^i ,^qi Eiioii
    IIH m'i,
    a^^
    anf^rii ?ti-Si
    ^^;Q j^
    ^.
    Sj^
    M^lH dlM
    Ml'-i^lfCHl
    dl <^^l'^T <v . "iiMl Sjril
    K51
    ^Wi tlH 6. M"^
    al^
    ^lXltl
    an
    ,tm
    ^
    1 aHl>Ml il^laHlHU^i "llc-tlH ^, cilM<l cl l
    <3M^(l Mi^ 6^1 cl vill3
    'ta.
    H5i-( ^^uoiSiyl
    )
    1-^ll^'lH'iR-Brejnia palens.
    i'-M-H.
    Y. P. 329 N. P. 293; ^.
    fci.
    Ml. M3^.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^9V
    r^ivJ,
    "^iiii'J^i"/
    (?i);
    ^i^iTi =fr^
    (jto); wt?,
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    rl^
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    ^l\.^i ^^^ ^IH ^. ciMi 3 M151 =H^
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    IMI^ C-fl^ ^ ciH^ ci>hH (H%>fl Wl^ ^IH S.
    s^eiHi <fl<!iil R^l^l ^ IH d. 5^51 MKHI MIW(A
    i'^ivj'ii MW, ^'=1 an^ Acnqia^ M ?Im(\ Mia
    3H^
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    i-Ro
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    d. Si-ti aJUHi H^|l=tU
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    Ms4 H'^'W. ^mi mi^(Im( h<^ (3i 0.
    H5l-( ^^lOiioiSl^ft
    )
    n'HK* Hot.
    ^U^MilH-Chrozophora plicata.
    t'-ikrt-H. V. h. 409; N.
    p. 290; Watt.
    II. h. G20;
    V^^ftriiH-M^liSiivi^li (Ml+34o);g^r^( Jjo)
    g^rS (flo); ^q'lqrT ? (
    ^o
    ).
    3-H4't-il<Al
    Sti-H^iirii gi^cii
    m^!,'i\ (^,m3i
    3lC-tl St=tlMi SHl^ ^. ci
    1^ (l 3
    "^
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    y Vfli (32^1 ilH S. a>lMi <n^ :<lil5ilclltfil
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    ^
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    '{[h'h . sH^i SliciW
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    clUl^fctHl "^Ic-tl Hl^n ^QSlPdaA ani^C-ti ^IH .
    an^ ci^ {l^
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    ^^? ^y,
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    an^ ^=IS (i^lldl l6i ^ MlWlfl 'VRl flitt
    elcll c-iiSl ^.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^H^mQcI^^. ^3M
    ^1^4^ -fliM ^i 'Hl'^aH Wiaja %i^^>l, olicaiW-
    /^M
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    efl^il ^IH &. ciM^ 'tyi 5H^ 5^=H{1 ^M^
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    ^iH ^. ci ffJ^M <v>i mn
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    |
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    The gall flowers are like the female but per
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    above, and the ovary occupied hy the pupa
    of a Hymenopterous insect.
    (
    Neuter flowers
    found in section syncecia only have the per
    anth of the males ).The male, female and
    gall flowers may occupy the same re-
    ceptacle; or the males and galls one set of
    receptacles, and the females and neuters in
    another set; or the males and galls may be
    in one set of receptacles and the females in
    another set.
    "
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    I
    i''H-^.-E. V.
    p. 660; N.
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    p.
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    p. 106; N.
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    Watt VI. part. IV.
    p.
    .S55.
    ^^T|c5i (f|o).
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    tkct-H. VI.
    p.
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    561; 3. Pi. Ml. v^o
    V'^^lUw-9i?iMi ('Jo); jjt^iqr
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    ^ll^*liW-Caniia Indica.
    5dl-d-H. VI.
    p. 260; N.
    p. 339; Watt.
    II. p.
    102.
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    \S&-N. 0. AMARYLLIDEvE.
    ^^"id
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    ^-^U'^M'lW-Agave
    vivipara (Aloe-
    fibre plant).
    lei-ci-H.
    VI.
    p. 277; N.
    p.
    343; Watt.
    I. p.
    143; ^. Pi. Ml.
    -43^.
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    Americana. (Aloe
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    t^il'ci-H.
    VI.
    p.
    277; N. p.
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    T.
    p.
    134.
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    t'-dl'ci-H. VI.
    p. 280; N. p.
    342; Watt.
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    I'^ii-ci-H. VI.
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    II.
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    !i^dl'Ct-H. VI.
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    S^l-rt-H. VI.
    p. 316; N.
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    I.
    p.
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    |. R. Ml. MvsY.
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    Poisonous
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    (Nairne
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    (^ ^.)
    1-^ll^lHiR-Asphodelus tenuifolius ?
    i^l'ct-H.
    VI.
    p.
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    p. 347; Watt.
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    p.
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    l*l*MCil^*i.
    ^vs\
    utcl^U'^HlaHKlcal Msi (scapes) Kli^iCHi ^IH
    Rmf wldi^i ^IH S. cUlM^ <v^l S^ 'J !^^l
    ^IH d. ^etrft Mi"<^Hl
    ^
    ( Perianth
    )
    ^IH ,
    Sis ^ni%i?lcti c-fleti ^aiKl nil 9(1 4 ^IH
    ^,
    Sj(H-ill^
    m
    flSil :^3|^ ^ Mil $ cMl^ !(lil
    ctw MiJ/l ami 1^^ a ctitgi'ti !;it|r{i
    \i"^
    3
    ,{is
    ^ aHi !Aii3 5H^(lHlcal ^IH ^. ci
    I
    (l
    f
    SluA
    eihi ^IH ^.
    ^^^l^l-Wl'tl <ll<rt Sum ^Icfl ^^PlSR'll
    ^ltM^ <Hi^ S. 5H^ ^il iR'ii ^m d^^
    SIM aHll 8.
    i'ti <Hlsv 5041 ^ii^iiH S.
    ^^WS-4ml 5H^
    C-tij Hi^<s\i ^IH clctl ^cl-
    ^iMi Mi'^l'ii ^-<i^Hi sil Mi^ Mi^i m^i^ @3i 0.
    ^aiu'lki MW 'V^li 1->HIH d. Hii
    S{7{
    ^ai^i^ ^
    i^li
    i^ 8. Wo MMs og^i.
    ^3-N. O. COMMELINACE^.
    "HaWi 'il^Kl Su=liaM[ H[n . a>jl
    H^l-il tW^M-
    (rt'ii Mw aiMii, %iis^l 1 "iisAr %^icn(, ci(iil
    ^5ia[lqi(ni an^ %likrt^ ^^iSilHlCfil
    ^iH ^. |CH
    =HcMn ^S^ H^i^ Mct^flsHl -^/=ll aHli^^rii^l
    JiCHi^fl,
    ^ini, Mitfll
    "i a^l^Ml'd wi ^l^ 6, ani^ <v
    nffe
    Mi^ ci H^i 9/ ii| ^iH S. nem
    ^(b^Jl
    ^
    ^^'i'^i
    ansiqi
    ciilliviii ^t <^=ii \H[^. fii,
    M^l
    anrQ
    "idl-Hd *1^ <v ct^l^Kl ^ Ht^fl M^i;i(Vi
    ^m S. cl -Hl^<ilJil^i ^=(l(l R^4 ^M^
    ^MIM S.
    <nilll'ct;iJiia'lm aH^::^S!lKl ^ ^ R(Hl3il-
    =ll5ll ^IH S, clHl 3 ^^i;:tl RfHlSil C-flCHl ^JHi
    140
    o\[o
    1iHti M^l sycii, an^ aHS^dU
    >4i"*Mil*Hl
    ^Hl ^iq d. ci ^il aniiHl cl[ai?l svl^lMCHi
    ^iH
    S.
    H1^l \
    ^[ii S, a ni^l-ct^^in1l4'ti
    ctfcriHlM^ ani^C-ti
    ^iH 6. ciMHi ^ ^ =1*41^
    ^15Ar -wllii ^IH S, ^41 ctgSiiM^ ^Nwivii
    c-ihi Hl'-aKl
    i^sw ^m
    ;.
    M^i'iliH ^iitaitlelctl
    aHl^l C-i"i3litfi ;i H,^m 3HMH ^IH &. Wi^^
    \ K
    6i,
    ci^^i ^mm K a 3-Mic-tqi<?ii ;) ^^i
    6^i MlC-tMi aHl[s{l<V
    m45^ \ an^
    iqf^ct
    ^^l^ ^IM 8. J[C-l
    anRii^a, aHl=ll @i?i Rii
    Ml>\ 5i^
    ^K , {1<V -ui^QjiaHlclKAi, C-fl^laHiWl
    ^i<^^lii ^iH S.
    ani "HaiKl
    ^WRiMfct, ci^i
    R^Ri^ aHl^Ml-il
    ih
    5H^ MHH n(caiic^3iaft
    lM[,vi^ ^^( ^.e^Hi
    {lCHl an^
    ^oQ^
    Sjcii
    o\
    (qoiiSii M^cti, ani ciai^l
    Ml^'il jHlt 5(iiaai^ri
    (
    Monochlamyds )-
    4lfAl
    =13l'0 q't^H(cttl ^c^ly^a SUtfi-uii'cTaHi^
    8.
    SHI ^siKl
    H't^Mfct (3H4iMi 3H^ ^ifei Jl^iH 6.
    l-^U^lMrilH-Commelina
    nudiflora.
    4'^^l'ct-H. VI.
    p. 369; N.
    p. 352; Watt.
    II.
    p. 516; ^. Pi. Ml.
    \o^.
    R-^^llrlR.-^fUl^fA^, ^fUl^ufl
    (^lX?ic);r%H,
    3-H4't-fl^l'i{^'ti'tl SU"Hl 'MPl an^
    qivfl-
    2himI n'iiqiil v3ii5i eni^Htw
    (Sitmi ani^
    d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^V9^
    <ti%Mfen5^*t.
    M<iJ
    2ll^l?l cl at^anliiJJ HlW-il ^ll "Hll ^^il
    (5l ^. sMdl ^l^Hl lUl
    (3a<l hHI M^ ivHUMR
    *14( ^IH 6. ^.C-t aHtAcl
    ^
    ani^iHl'ft VHl ^W
    SHI S^i MlcTlMi 4l4i^ ^('M
    '^R^i
    i^dl^
    wfl
    8ilH d, d ^ll'^di 2H^ did! 'i'ilH , M<^ R^iH
    t>Hci 3i^.H SllSl HiSli Mini 6cll. aH'li \l 'MM,
    rtlH an^ (MTt(^SW M^ MHPQ 6,
    ctl ci *iM-
    jl M^ M3i Sm ani^ W*. aJUi
    MH 'Hl/l 'U-
    ^'H-Si <M^ ^l/l^lKl <v^iaH eiJiumMi ani^ -S.
    si^i gum j^iKStl'm^f'fl 'H^a? Qirt'iJW'ii
    h4-( li^ai^^JfeCl.
    )
    *1-^IU rii.-C. Bengalensis.
    ltii,ct-H. VI.
    p. 370; N.
    p.
    353; Watt.
    II.
    p. 515; ^.
    Pt. Ml.
    \o<:.
    V"%<lliW->^li (Ui>i(ia
    (Ml+?io)
    ani l'i(lHi'li MH Ml^lfAl ^R $,
    cj<l[
    1\^i yiiv ii4i aHi^i ^iitfiitielrti
    im
    m*. j^ei
    aHWHlKl aHim 5iC-ll"{l ^'Hl an^ ll^((aHMi
    >t5li3i-iUiH|mi ^^i 6.
    ^>f-N. 0. PALMES.
    't'ld
    ii
    '*'4'^
    **'l iii^^W.-aMl SMS mjji<v
    ^CHlSii iiH g, ani HilKl m^Mfrt ^/l WHltC
    aHlHl ct-ii ^i'ii ^'i
    il
    g.
    ani HsiHl ^t^i^Mlct^ >Mlc-iij!A
    ^13
    'tail,
    ^l^ cihI
    aid-fl ^i"! Sll^^ ^toytyct ^^la^l 'dic'lC-ti ^IH g.
    ani H'l'ft ^W^^lfct iiil ^ i^Meii Hoi^'ft wiiqi
    iUisHiciicAl ^m d,
    an^ ci iqpHd ^>i(nm[l
    MiSJ ilH g. ani 'Hsi'tt q't^Mfct'ii 14 aHUHt ^iil-
    aHlMiil i<H(2irt <v M^ll^l ^imiaMl
    (
    ClHclli^li
    Hypha;ne thebaica ) HlioiC-d iH $. Ml't
    anict^ anl^Sli ri
    @Him M^eil yil 8(il<i
    ^m g.
    ci iHr^lct anil (i^^Jt Misj
    Mlii^d^
    3H0{ \ ,j,i8t*{l
    6l(l
    "^1 HTtl R^lPw (*{ %RHm ^IH 6. cl
    ilH . ciHl ^dil ^|m ctM a{M/l an^ -olK-d
    ^i\ ^IH tf. "^l^ 3l*lc-l( MH'fl
    sysllan
    liM^
    i^mi
    1 Mil ^"^Hm g. |j.ei ans } (i<rtcflH ^w g.
    ci ii<v^ ^ ^"^Mil^M (si)adix)M^ ^UHlHStlJ
    'H'm^ "^lui (spathes)Hl anw
    'ni'^i
    ^c-i dMi-
    *llil ^isii (iilHli ^IH d. ^C-tKl Hiai
    y^i^^
    3 ^t^MM^l
    ^IH g. nmi'Ct^Jiict^m V. (qSilSliqiciJl
    ffv' S^
    m^l ^Uo=llHll ^IH g, ^ ci aHlfct:^li4l ^IH
    d.
    ::ii%i^i3 ii
    \,
    iq(^ctv ciJii cim^
    ^k dJ
    ci'll M^PlIm Hi^i^ \''i^M<if (versatile) ^wJ
    m^ ^iH d. <Hl<v m^i^d ^-^-Tt
    an^
    ^efl^ ^w
    d.j
    ctaiiHl -HsYi <h[^<su d. ei^,
    MlM<?il, MlMtfO, St^lj
    an^ aH5^ aJiaHHi
    ^"n an^ Wt^ftaHl (^^"^ =(lclj
    aMi
    '{ln^ Mtflcli aHKcti 5*lt)^ aniHl ci^iiVj
    aH3i(V fij^l^ian SianiPii aJii
    ^Hll *ll^^l i^ellj
    6. ^<l
    IV
    ^n clU, 'iK'flSi^, ^IMld an^) y^ia
    ( Palmea) ) >4l>tl ^l^Slg 6.
    I
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eitl%M(cil4'i-
    ^\S3
    aHlHJilRi 5i ciolrii
    1^1 (h^
    rflSi imii^
    IMI^^ (Hil aH8tl<\ ^l^'t' "H'^Wi ^l*fl
    *-^'<ii.
    Wiiil
    %4H ^^IHl ^iwtaai ^^i^sii d.
    >ll^l ^'l^Mtct^Til filrflii^
    (
    Linnteus
    )
    J^
    &
    ^:-*'
    The palms are the Princes of the
    vegetable kingdom."
    "
    The palms are considered the nob-
    lest of all the forms of vegetation.
    The palm has ever been the queen of
    the woods, not only on account of the
    beauty of its form, but of its extra-
    ordinary utility. No other family of
    plants possesses such enormous powers
    of producing fruit."
    {Bot. Geo. Meyen.
    p. 121, 331.)
    "
    The plants of this order far surpass
    all other plants in the grandeur and
    ma,jesty of their part. The noble forms
    of Palm declare its superiority over any
    other trees."
    {Chester Macnaghten on Palmece.)
    "
    The green colour of the leaves [of
    the Palms
    ]
    is sometimes deep and shin-
    ing, sometimes of a silvery white upon
    the under side. Now and then the
    middle of the fan-shaped leaf is decorat-
    ed with concentric yellow and blue
    streaks, like the peacock's tail."
    (
    The plant. Schleiden.
    p.
    331.
    )
    SHI ^h'i\ m^MCl ^cWWi <^H wflsp cw^M-
    (ct?llil ^a aHiJlH ^, clM <v aJlcft
    Qm^Ii^WI
    M<Sl
    "
    Of all orders of plants, there is none,
    with the exception of that of the Grasses,
    so valuable to man as regards their
    dietetical and economical applications as
    that of the Palms."
    ct anCHHl rt^"^ im^i anwcfl
    r[i^;
    dlMQJ
    ci^i
    MRS, RJr, (3M5iMi, ^[^ih, Jll<^,
    mti dsil w=l^,
    (MtI, h\ 3H^ (V^Jl anifs 3^(^11 ^C-ll 6,
    cl3l-( "klHl
    ).
    l-^lllHilH-Areea catechu.
    t'^di-ci-H, YI.
    p.
    405; N.
    p. 357; Watt.
    I. p. 291; ?. Pi. Ml. \z\.
    gmCr, qiTi^yt (no); gcqiCr
    (ft
    o); '5TrqK5,'5iT, ^|q (?to).
    3-ci4'l-^lMl<l'i( 3i[S Si rtt(i{|5i:n, r\[S
    SHlfiHl =l=>lHi ?Ufl ^i\ 8ilH d. ci
    ^o sfl Ho
    Is \oo
    ^i gatl ^IM , aJirli
    ^^i
    ^cii ^VH[.
    n^ #iHi
    Sni Ji^Kl '{lSiil '{licril ff/iA't^il
    1M ^Hlsti ilH S ci S{rii ^[{{ SH^rif 35i:iii|
    Hiajl-Hl^ <V^'i^ M^
    SH'ii
    1<SM( l">Hlct[ IH .
    Mi^ <3M^ 411 ^3Hl Mlcltfll ^m SutliHi ilH
    an^i ^">HIH S.
    SirO ^i^ (:t8i<H) llMl qaRKl,
    ^^ {lc-ll ijai^n
    MH'il ildil'ti ^i^itai ?licai kpHi S^ S^ 9m.-
    (Mrt 5HUI Mdl 5Hmi IH $. ct(l ct
    5hi^
    ^^ifoirt ^">HiH S. Sirti xflai ^ci(
    Hn;:!!
    ^^^
    5ll^^ M^^lcil SiKl ^iilcit ^ia^
    Ml*l anRsli ^IH
    S, cl Hi^tl <v ^^l(&^ IR .
    Hli-V n
    H
    ^l lht ^IH 6. Ji'^MURi^l
    i\'i[^ 35M^ ^"41 ^U-^l^ilclit/il IH S, Pi ci
    Sii C-n^,
    attAScd, <H'^ MW S<niHS{l '^ii^-
    (spathe)'fl Mil ani^c-Q ^IH S. wHi^ Mi/l H^
    g, <?ll^ ciM[2fl (3M^ S^C-d oJ^^'ft ll>MiaHl
    i^i^
    <{\S(H1 ^i ^MR'O ^lll ''il
    5ll^^M^lW
    R .
    ciHl
    i">HiaHHi 3A<sil ^1 ffi'^ii eihi ^^liM^
    H^i^ ^ii'H
    ^^ilHd ^Is
    rlJi^Sll anl^C-li
    IH
    d. clMl iil^tXl \ m
    6 3H^
    an 3)^^<{l ^il-uil-
    wil^ Cltfim 5H^ Hdl -^i^ieilSHRi iVRl ^dl ^d(
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^ISV ll%"M(rieil4*t-
    svHi^
    (
    Hooker ) l^n c-i^h ^
    "5:-"
    raising
    its graceful stem and feathery crown
    'like an arrow shot down from heaven',"
    ''
    Areca catechu, the betel nut palm,
    is the most beautiful and graceful palm
    in India. Where chewing the betel
    ( nut ) is a more or less common prac-
    tice, the areca palm planted near the
    dwellings in regular rows, with the Ba-
    nana, forms a beautiful object."
    (
    Bot. Geo. Mcyen
    ).
    ^llMl^'ll ^{i 1^ 9Hd 'il(l5i:(lri( o5L^,{| ^q'J
    ^iM\ H^ ^W ^ aai^ or
    'tf^ Mt^ cl ^S^cfl
    ^ci ci*li ^\\\. 8tW S. ci^i Mi^ wHl^. ct^l 5iS
    <^l V cf^cll m^ 5Mct;ilWaH ^m (,l^Ri
    qW^ml ani^^l ^IH cHlX ell ci <^| svtcii
    c-tiMS
    ^l*/^^ &. v^ldi idllll'Hlvll m^m. ^^dlSiirfl wi^
    ^IH cil ci
    Mi^i {lc-ll ^3l<il ^1? anUl
    MAKl^Al
    ^Sii9llil 5liicim(i{l 5\
    ^i-^
    oycQ
    y^lioict i->HlH
    6l.
    6, cllM"^ Mll^ft (HVcT
    ^^d
    ^IH ci^ iV>ft't
    ^l^i
    aHl=tc(l 'ixfl. ^iMl^Hi M14 MQji Hlogi aiiH
    ^,
    ci (aiH WIHRI u[ ty ^l^
    i.
    ^ MIM^ iJt^Hi
    MlH^i
    n:<i^l '-l^ H>Jcti ^IH ai dKl -Sfil ^Jsl'cT
    cl^il iMH d. 5Hr-n Rl(cl <!
    tqi ^l^
    '^l^fl^R
    M iiilM^ Hl
    "^
    "414 f'ii'^
    Rl-"l=tRi 5Ht^ S.
    Mi^ m%l ^ \\A nim ^IM (Hl^ Slrti
    ojlit^
    ttR^R dMrn-Hl ^'JSh. Ih^ ctM^ S<H Mi-HliO
    "^
    o{l25
    ^ci CH141W CHl3l^-lifl ci^i ci>Hci
    Hl C-ll3l
    6. 4t^[l=il^ ^IMl^'ii ^I^Hl ^<ii'>ti '113R^C-Hl
    ^11
    an^
    ^^<3J
    MiSJ mHHRl SMl^
    $. ^lMl^4i
    <aU
    (f/C-t^l H^-iai ^, ctKl ^l^ 2ili<l ^IH cil
    cl^ Mi^t lct <H^%l-Hi !^lC-t 2HI<1 <MH ^.
    ^rn<na ^H^^K'ii <ni2lRi 0^ s.ifi'fl
    ?iiMi<l
    mHHlMl anlM 6, ani cV-H^llc/i ^c-fHiuil
    {\[^\
    ^iMl^Hi i[l^ ^ISti i^ 0, ?l ^il^l ^M[il ?llMl^
    ^IH S. cl ^ilH cMl^ Hlillca <^ lkl tH .
    ^IMl^'il ^IMl i^Hl 11^ cHi \(H ctl-M l^tlH
    'S. ct
    ^i^ ^IMl^'il MllC-l ^IJjl ajUMRil <3cll^
    "I ^{\ Rh%1 "H^til'Hl ^I'Wl M^
    ci^ WlHl(l
    5iPll Si^S ^l^t aHi^i \iL^ ^1 qKcii^i anl^ S.
    andl ^IMI 3Q HliCfl cHR^Hl %Xw ^ M^
    SHiid^ Ml'^jl ^MlM^lMi =Hl^ ^. aadl ^IMl
    |
    fl
    \ !td vdCHl da^l
    -H^ 5id?l 5ir{l >fl;i 51^ Si^i
    NO
    ^IMl ilHM'O
    oysliSi
    ^ 41
    \o
    kU^
    SHrt^ H-HIH w*.
    ^UMl^di Ml^ ^CA'ii ?lyM( wiini ciKl Ml*l
    mi^ldl Jll^sHl sHRca ^ftdl^^ltfA o/^ftdMi ^WWl
    IIM . an^li j^u^l
    fcsli^^
    ^i^ -vMlrt^, wnaj'fl
    >i(aM[ ll'cl'HW Cl^!/lil eil^ S cHl^ 5H^i 8i^
    aHR(A "V^l MlcQ Sli^;^ ^(Vij^ Mli^il aniM^lWi
    ani^ Wi, ^IMl^ldi c^U^ ^-iiCAi MRl M^d (5iui).
    il Hl4 ^i^lld ilH Wi. Ml^ ci aHi8iHitffl (vSli^l
    (ani ^H^lKMi >MI%1 i^) '=tlH^i ^\JaH.
    aiisiSii ^ Ji(Si41 anifi aniciii'ti s^^iM^ =im-
    dc^l ^Hl^ ^l"Hlfl SiMi 5<lil^l4
    R^^ .
    ^IMl^Hl ^\ X"
    il\H H(<JiR d^n'JllWJil 8lcll
    3<UW
    SHMIH cil ci yH^l i^ S. 51 M^liwidi -
    ^L>li
    M^P(l S, ciM Ml(<^di M'ii si^JlH S.
    ^IMl^Kl ^lt "fls^ ^i'Kli S-Hl^Hl dl^Ml ^IHI^I-
    Mli
    'H'Hl'^lMi 5Hl=l 'S. ci M<ai HlPdi cl^"l
    <^\-
    ^\^. .
    >ii^
    ^IMl^ =HW^ Si @^(vt
    i,
    ^>H'{1
    <Hl ^ i^ *, Slcldl MRl^ ^ifici ani^ i,
    SicUl
    \\\{'m\ ^l^ '{li'Aa ^IH cil ci^ iH i^
    ^,
    SH^ ^-ui^il <hHi^ R%t =1^1^141 (cl ^ >iiM(
    trr^issil
    )
    MiaW^lfin^ HS i^
    Wi.
    ?ll"Ml^'{l <?i|A
    'i ^Ct<i'ti ^d^ii jfH ^IH cil cl^ mil an tt^jl
    ans^^ r-ll 3l^lH S. ^IMl^Kl C^iyi V
    ill
    r
    >m <^dfl |HhI
    ^tn^
    \^\\
    aniM'-tid (^r.
    Barclay) i^ 'S. ^iiMl^ ^tl'lct^aHt:^ ^ifw
    aniMdR ,
    ctld^ Pinfold i^dR ,
    an^ an^
    Hli^l aniMdl ^"liqiM^ M^P(1 W*. ^iMl^di
    II
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ll%'Hfrtli4*^-
    %\3\
    ^lll Ml'l^l ^ ^1M[ >l<a<\ il^'il
    |>HHIV^
    4lHtl ^ WllHSll ^Wll i^K-Hl aiK-Hl Rr-llH %l^'^
    (^iPlM[ ^m^l^ rtHR SllMl
    (
    Splints
    )
    'W
    ^^\\.^
    ld
    IH, MlMilM^ ^CfHl
    S^d
    ^IH =H^
    "^l^J ^_l^
    ^<Hll 5HI<1 il=ll^ MUSll ^41 St<a
    tc(l ^IH
    rtl
    yiMl^ ^l^lil H>41hR Pltll 5H^ =itt^ =Hl^
    '3-
    H<ail ?llMl<l
    ""il^lisil 9i?H ^^
    tH S, ^i
    siHlH
    '3. yiMl^ ^i^'^
    cjHl Mill .
    ^
    (VHI^ -"Hl^ ^R^l ^l^ilH ^.
    "^"^
    "^'^'^
    rl^l"^ a
    Mi^ll -"i^lH
    S cHl^ ^^l '-^l-^
    ?iai
    ^W5i n<l 3H%1^ S^Hl 't^fl, =H^ f^^i'i
    ^iMi^ ^Hifl 2i'<H'(l ^=ti MR^Hi'fi if4n
    Siiyri
    8JIH S.- niM ^IMlM QiJA
    Sict'll ^i'V'l
    ^ISJ
    (HPlnl ll 2Hi <HR ?ll4CHl atli^l
    Qi^A
    ^iyMlil iin^ 'H'll^ 151H,
    SiH qii =1^<H
    mcn^ "^i^ Mig =Hifi ^i^li 811H S.
    (ho fii=H'i-?i'-^*crMi%Hi
    H^ii iii=(l'i
    ^qk^
    ftic-t ^^^icil ^iHli^l ^ilH ( wHisfl y^=i^ mQ^
    (H^l^in^lK-t ^J5i)SH ^Cvi^i J^cjM ?ilHl Sl^S^l
    ?llMl<l 'IPR^'H^i \H, ilil 3H^
    ^'ll'ft ll
    ^lcl=(ln tcti ^il'tt (iiOSct %li<H'Al MH ii ^
    1:-
    q m^fg^
    '^ict tfit, ^jr ^f
    sr^ ^ftqi^t;
    t^ TTm, ^m ^ 5raR; wi^^ !I55tw,
    ^
    ^ir ^TRT Wrl;; 5r jttI: ^t^* ws( gi^R, cfr
    ctioiSt aHSUcVHW, 2H^ ^IMl^ iisll =Hl(i atlH-
    "It stains the moiath, teeth and lips
    red; an effect which, though disgusting
    to Europeons, is considered ornamented
    by the natives." M"^ Hin ^IMl^ M\\h^\
    giF^^im':''!
    ^yf^^iui chwifiiy-^'iM^ I
    358;
    MRMHl'ft <l(irt
    cl3l-('Hl"(l.)
    1-^ll^*l'll^-Caryota urens.
    4^kcl-H. VI. p. 422; N.
    p.
    Watt.
    II.
    p. 206; ^
    (^. Ml. M3R.
    (5jo);
    m^m^, ^^m^, m^, 3R-4Tiqr^t
    (^o);
    S-Hi^'t-^'li
    oi[S.
    3o 8[l vo (li aii IIH
    g.
    "414 "Hhi, Ml^l^ni 5H^ [1<H^ ^IH ^. rUl
    iiiASii ^Aa x^i'i.
    eti{i ^iH s. Mi aMia
    ^R.
    ^i. tiHl
    an^ '{l=(l ^icn ^IH S. a^ilM^
    '^131 ^l ^C-l'ft
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    (Hinl,
    an? 1
    il ^
    "{IvHitni ^ih >. ^'li ^'
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^?
    ll%'H(rtti^l.
    Xlil0l-5irii MHMiil Hff>"4rt ^^I'^l Kli^l
    S. at[ l[^,
    \mS{\., mM (^^)
    ^Ki^n, In-
    e{l5ii anifi '^'iwiHi ani^ $. an^i -nHPi ctpf\'^
    S. anKl rtl55 ^lil R5 'I^JIH
    S. Roxburgli-
    (Roxb;Flo. Ind. III.
    p. 626) ml'^
    c-t^
    "%
    (3'6ll Hri( :MRi oJUMkI Sll-fl^ SC-tlSMi il^
    \oo
    ^(ll Hl4l Kli^l g.
    aJi
    C1125 ^IH cHl^
    ^fl-HlMl ^<Hlfiod C^l^l . MI3J
    an^i d^ct ^HlR
    !'/
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    ii2i; HdiSi. d. JHcil tHl tHin^*ii
    "
    ^pH a>i^Hl
    ^ft^d M^ HtSJl ellll C-lJUl , ^ 5HS^il ^IMI^
    "
    MI.S ^qi^ fj^^i ^ nil
    wi,
    ct^^iPl ^dil S,
    S.
    "
    (
    H
    ^o V-o
    )
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    "^
    ^^nKl "Viiaill
    ^cQ
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    nib^
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    "
    fe'O iiad^lCHrt " ^i qirtl
    H"
    1 ilo 'flo <il ^9^'l. aHMSlHlS. l(Sro^.)
    t-^ll^lHrllH-Nipa fruticans.
    t'^il'Ct-H. VI.
    p.
    424; Watt. V.
    p.
    430.
    (l&o-f)>ii ^iMHiMi sHi^sli i^^i. HKI qi%t atn
    ^is
    l^wwl5il 4cli.
    (f|o);
    jKl-'Mm (anliji).)
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    S. (i <MH SH^l ^Kl ili^ 'ct^p ^iivoict ^IH 'S.
    1
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    >^i^ Jiii , ^ il(Al%lSlctl
    HI
    ai
    m^ ^IH . ^l"^l {lyi ^ ijtaj ^IH &.
    aJi'ti
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    an
    4{\ an^ MlM yiatiHl 3l g. ^ ^4-
    i^R iC-tiTtl cl^sj
    ^S^'H't'li yiatiqi^ai <v3i?)i>i(
    H31( \l>fl
    )
    l-^U^l<lilH-Phoenix sylvestris.
    t^l'cl-H. VI.
    p. 425; N.
    p. 358; Watt.
    VI. part. I.
    p. 208; |. Pi. Ml. 5(:\.
    R-^^llllH-ctlil, >HelC-iHi ili (Mlo); >H91<1,
    rti^ (?io); ^1i^ 's^ (*!<); ^'^, ^'i 'ii^flr (f|o);
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    ^o
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    '3.
    *
    =iiRtHii (Col. F. W. Snell) wI<hH[
    ciihH
    twiiHi aniHSii 6rti, Si^l |^*^l oii
    B chw swi 6cii.
    <
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    (
    Egyptian date-palms)
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    ?wi
    H;i-CHl-Hl).
    t-^ll^lHilH-Borassus
    flabcllifer.
    l^ikd-e. VI.
    p. 482; N". p.
    339;
    Watt. I.
    p.
    495; 3. Pi. Ml. VoM.
    V%^iliR->ll^WU
    (^lo); ctli (540);
    31?
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    ;.
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    i d.
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    cimi anici ^. an r^miH
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    |5li
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    ami anl^ ^. qii
    ^ll^*^
    ani dU RSl ^l^ft Slilt^
    *
    SHI rtlCHI^l
    ani ^I^MWHI 8icli 'i% Mi^ ^"HsM
    5ini dli^lMl H'U<1
    ^lirCtl^ tHPRl lWHl>ii 'Hl^'Hl &.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^V9^
    ll%"H(n<^i^t.
    3li sRcimi
    T ani nUHl
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    \^i
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    ^.
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    (MTt, S5(,
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    ^^C-t, il^l ^ Hill d. a S?i
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    ill &,
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    rtliti
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    tll^Rsi^ rlll 3RHI^
    ^-J?ll^U'ilH-Hypha;ne
    thebaica.
    ^Ml-ci-Dalzell
    and Gibson's "Bombay
    Flora"
    Supp.
    page. 95.
    tlH
    . H
    351^'hI
    'Hul i^iil^Hl ic(l ^iM;5ii
    Sllta"iivr
    =Hl^
    ^. ^H'ii MW ^^lilctU'li ^Irt
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    '>\i\
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    ^^l
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    ^I'-ni-fl an^
    "{l25 'tlf:,l'{l 'tl^^l'fl
    H^a^Hl 'H'llH-
    <V3ll5i Sslsii sv{cit?{i auR 'S.
    ^. "Siy'ii'cRiR an-ti KC-m M^4l WIVJ^ fl'-l^S^(l
    ani^t qail'Hl =41^ ^. anrii 3jij ^ ov^llan
    qir-ini
    qi<i ^^[, 5i;i sf^Hi iisirO ^ciisi (vMH
    HHfl
    HlSjS
    ani^ 0. ^l^
    aHi{l^ jRhi (Js'il^ ct qi'-tttmi
    ani^CHi d. 5i^i Ml'tMi4l Mi^i ^l 'tli^ S,
    Hi'l'il MMl
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    Hi^i 3l ^-J, :hi^ an;i ^Hclli ii
    ^. aH'li '^5^
    iidL^ti^iffil ii'Mi^i ^iHi41 ^^ ^iHiinii i^ S.
    l-^ll^UHll-Cocos
    nucifera.
    t^l-cl-H.
    Vl.p. 482; N.
    p. 359; Watt.
    II. p.
    415; |.
    Pt. Ml. Vo<i.
    R-"^<llil>l-Hlfl2i^,'tl^5i'(ll (^l+?io); ^fr55,
    ;ini5,
    ^r?3,
    JTRs^r m^ (
    *To
    ); ^m^, ^(1^
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    ciioi "V^l
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    M^
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    I
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <lrl%-HCi=ll4l.
    ?V9$.
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    Mimical $m 0. Hi45^ij n^i ^'i c-fleii, ^fii ^
    ^4\ ^'Hi =W tm
    i.
    ci^l t'^Hl^ 5HcAcl M^li^^ ilM
    S. H Pi^i (tr^aicfl (Darwiu
    )
    il^Ri j^
    ^:-
    "
    The scene is one of great interest:
    if, indeed, a person fresh from sea, and
    who has just walked for the first time
    in a grove of Cocoanut trees, can be a
    judge of anything but of his own hap
    piness."
    "
    Cocoanut tree, the most prominent
    object in an Indian landscape near the
    sea, perhaps the most useful in domes-
    tic economy and the arts."

    " and loveliest


    Amid a thousand strange and lovely shapes,
    The lofty plam, that with its nuts supplied.
    Beverage and food, they edged the share and crowned
    The far-off mountain summits, their straight stems
    Bare without leaf or bough erect and smooth,
    Their tresses nodding like a crested helm,
    The plumage of the grove."
    (Soutliey. Graham, C. Bom. Plant.)
    ife
    M3J
    ct ci'ft fftct4i s^l<in
    -2^1 i^di MiSJ
    M<i-
    3^1 ms ysH 8ll loo ^i
    (ia4i
    ^iH
    '5.
    ^^ ^
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    Jl <i5!il <H\^ ilM
    l.
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    "^
    ^c{\
    ^iSj ^^.
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    ci
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    Wi, aHH s^HlH
    an^ (jtWRl '=114
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    5i;i ^i;. -oiicti 'i?!!, -uilH
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    i^-^StiHS-HlSi
    MinP-il ^:tl, ^liCAl an^
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    ill ^ S. an (6 >il Hf^ft sy^lian 8ilH .
    ani ^H^ill'l^i MlSlW,
    q^a
    an^ u{l5i)
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    ctnw ^H-HHl 'M^SIM^ ct Hl^tl <Sl
    ,
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    'ifitii c-t(f{l
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    an^ t^i^mi ^iMi^iiHl ^i|qicl qi-nqi^i ani^
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    ^IM|
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    i(rO
    ii%'HCiq^t.
    \-^iU il.-Pistia Stratiotes,
    i^[ct-H. VI.
    p.
    497; N.
    p,
    362; Watt.
    VI. part I.
    p.
    275.
    ^%^ (to);
    qR5f;ft
    (f|o);
    5tgff^ (0).
    MH ^4i, ^((A^ ii<ii, ^^^^ ^i^itni an^
    "Sr-
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    ^m cil ci HHJp^ <Hml S.
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    ^
    \\^[ HlS^l d, ^ ci an-^i iRHKAi ^IH 6. ^C-l
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    <ni^l-ct'<*i4^"^l'^-
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    S^
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    ^IM
    Qi, ci ^l"S^'{l Hlai aHl<^l clHl anisginiog
    ani^c-ti ^IH wi;
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    ed ) anPl ^ >)ii<Hi(Ai ^IH ^. ^^II^viwWhhi
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    ani HJlKl "^iC-fls m^Mfct'li 'ilA'ft ^lill Hl>tm
    q5i(
    i>l(ii^5l;i(l,
    )
    1-^Uo iio-Limnophyton obtusifolium.
    i^l'ct-H. VI.
    p.
    560; N.
    p.
    366.
    \li
    ^IH
    ancii viiii MlullsflaHl^i 5iRi^ (3l
    6. anii MW \ fl
    1^
    |d etNi an^
    ^
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    MHIl S,Jl ildil MW
    C-iMiaHetl ^IM d, cidi ^^<4(
    ^U^incti <3|i ^IH S. ciM^ (l 4^1 aniM
    ^iH ^. ^si ^mi i?i'n iH 3,
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    .
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    <Hl^Js ^IH 3,
    ci 1 1 ^-nvtcflH ^IH ^. ^Sl ^gjH
    anl MilKl ^n^Mfcl MI3J ilcilMatR ct^l 'Hm-
    \-klU "iU Potamogcton indicus.
    ty(d-H. VI.
    p. 565; N.
    p.
    368.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    t.l%M(ciei4t. ^C-\
    3-i4'-HHl 'Sum 'HUl -"llS^l^ftaHi 5H^
    MUKl ildil MWt/n ^ H>5il
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    (
    glumes
    )
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    <Hl^l-ctRiinilH
    (
    perianth
    )
    ^ictl 'tail SH^
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    'imi ^IH ^. tt
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    aHlHl Ml^ 'till IIH ^,
    cisil ci ^aiH ^Hr
    wlRli ct^> ilMMl 5hR S. ci M^icl aHMi
    ^iHi, ^^1, ^Hl, dH^Mi i^ r^l^U'^Jil^
    1-^U^<t'iR-Pycreu.s capillaris.
    i^kcl-H. VI.
    p. 591,
    ci =l^U lcli 5V oflsi) <hHI 'H't^Mfrian 11IM Hli^l
    rHl <Vilwi^ gii 'S, Sirit (3iqi8(l q^^is M^Hl
    M^ >l :t3l 61^Ri 'VMI'I iSflsiil'cr m . ct
    5V>{l'tM^ ?il Mli^ IH aH<l ^"^IH S. aHl<l
    ^raf^f,
    ^if
    RcT*friT.'') aHi<l t^Ra<Ji*ft^i \-\n
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    ct>ii >tm <V=fl ^3l(^Cl qiy ilH
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    ^^i
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    ^^M Jlill SilH'^, ^ cImM Hll U^lSil |i^
    '3. anni HH aHHl gum (^ASti cnhi ansiHl ciJll
    Isl
    ^IH
    Wi.
    HUMR ^ (l^ aniM ^IH g.
    MH
    1^ cHiW^sil
    I
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    ^ aCAScli ilH S, aKi Hn lR
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    5ic-l( IH d. ct JltH {lCHl%llldl >{l(Al ^'Hi ^
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    SH^ iiia.ll5i
    M^Sil Mtsj ^H^ >HIH S.
    t-^ll'^M'ilH-Cyperus
    rotundus.
    4^l-cl-H. VI.
    p.
    614; Watt. II.
    p.
    68G;
    |. Pi. Ml.
    ^o.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^-^ ll%M(clll4l.
    ^Wi ^ ^^i oi,^i ^icii ^'iKl iH S. Hlvil Mi^-
    h^ ^^ '^n
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    ."
    (q.
    ^H, H. 5li.)
    V^ll^lHrllH-C. scariosus.
    I'^dh-H. VI.
    p.
    612; Watt. II.
    p. 687;
    ^
    Pt. Ml.
    ^o.
    V"^<llilH-'ilR>lll (Ml+ilo); imim (To);
    ilTRJJ5 0*^)'
    T?S^ (^).
    clil ifclS datl llH S. Sirti 3ica ojiii auwiictiqi
    ^iH . <mi ^[^ iwi hHi^ m^^ ^5iH ^iH d.
    l-J?ulliR-C. stoloniferus ?
    4'^dl-ct-H. VI.
    p.
    615; Watt. II.
    p.
    688.
    5i-%^niR-Jli ( >llo+?io
    ).
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    an
    clMlM Tilri'ti
    Ir "^MIH d. M^l 'if'lMi
    1-^ulHil>l-C. exaltatus.
    t'^dl'ct-H. VI.
    p. 617; Watt. II.
    p.
    684.
    V%^ftiR-^Ul
    =(lSii,
    431^1 ( Mlc+?io
    ).
    aJicii Si^cii 3 fl ^
    s[ld <im iiH s. <i {i^i 7\
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
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    ^
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    ^^ Mi3i ">HIH d.
    1-^ul4ilH-C.
    Haspan.
    I'^AW-H. VI.
    p.
    600; Watt. II.
    p.
    684.
    V^^flrllH-^flSii
    (
    Mlx?io).
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    .
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    i<^Alcl-H. VI.
    p.
    630.
    R-^<ftiR-<41i,
    <^4a>ioy,
    '!h^19v (Mixiio).
    tHlidl Su-Hl >{lii 3H^ Qiioi^i ( brackish
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    &, '^'A il<5 ^H^ HiXl
    g^i
    HJ B. <i <Hl ^Ml^'fl (l-i ^WHl -HH Ml^ 5Hiii
    Hl4^ il5illA <hI>S^
    S(g(ift
    >iiXl clgrl 'flStfft
    <M<i &.
    tsiw S
    >
    cl^ 'MHH ilHl ?Iih4 ^W B rl \\^^ ann
    S. 5l4 ^Rn Sis, g^iimi SHl^^ <^l%i H<XH SHtW wi-
    >{li'(l
    sulwi ?iilHcfl dHl 4Wl i^HWi ani^ 5.
    wfti tH^Wfl i^l Wl 5 illl ^'awi W &, Ml^ =iH-
    *n clfiftsHl Vih
    W &. an^l *^l cli-QStl ^ll ^W
    J,Ml'(l
    H^Hrl 31=0<H hh Slrll \Utl ^ ^lH hii "wtW B.
    Qlll4l
    =^'1 5114H141 ^ll^lWl *i4*li ^ ^mwi
    Hi^n ot^isT ? &, "l i''i "Hf^iiii^l rlni il4 t5i"fl
    t-l^MCct Ueil R^cliwid^i B rl 5li(l oiyiiSM^llstl S 5
    S. ^i 61H <Hii4i ^"t
    (
    n^n ) H=iwi aniM B,
    ^a ^ ^dimii^ fi?m ii9i ! w ell 51 ;i^ hu sv
    ^fli l>ii fl4 SWlfl SM^ MMli^ ll9t B, 5HH M-iji w b.
    '-t^l a5il(n"l^l fl<rt vlt i^rti ^^l %l^6ll . ani
    q^lHl <H^:tM(rl (|cft, aHlii ^^"M ^iH ^^
    ^1-
    41^ ^IM d, ct Mty^l^l HniHl UHl ilH
    ^.
    Mil qi^Kl <r.lctHl ^'l^Mtcl J5U^i ^ ^
    -vAC-fl
    =(l 11H d. ani qslKl ^'t^Mfrl'fl ^(il
    -"jQil
    "^
    Hi?. lii^Kl
    3Hl^^i 2<m/1, ^ imii(/(\ ^IH 6;
    cl^l
    ysid'O '-tatHl^l 91131
    (iy^
    aniH^ Jlctuft i^aH
    ^% J>?i cti.{\ iictaa, IIrM JlctcaT W.)
    ill? ltHl illStfl
    ^IH 6. MK ll, iN( SH^
    ISii, 5M>H.S ^R^lli, Ml-ct? 'i^Wmi, cl(ca<l
    Jjait^l
    ii^fl-il iHl^ lll5lil '{Iic?l<:-{1 ^IH
    ,
    ci ct((AMl
    >im
    m^S^ aHl5ltil OilJml =(l?lH(l
    iiMc-ti <vqi lict^i "I ici?i 5Hi=lc-ii ^iH d. 5l
    Iwi ih[, iii, <3^i ^ snt^jHitfii
    ^iH . ^c-tKl
    =1*1^ hi4j!=^ -siil^ dl 5Hi^ ;, lifciqi? (MH'fl)
    $IH W!. nli cil^Hi
    "^
    Hl^S H3ji ^ll ^IH ^.
    m^s^l^ 5HI M^mi (<vhs HdMi) ?^i ^siHl ^iil
    ^ Sin^i
    outer glumes ani^c-ii
    ^r 6. ?i<{l
    ans? <ltl 'v?! ^ma ^h ^m\ m & ci^
    ^$lj "^in^
    (
    flowering glume
    ) 4^ d, cl^
    ^ll(?l i(tm c-ii(Kl Mlctf^l SHi^fl ( own
    )
    ^IH 6.
    ani ic-wi lia^i i^
    ^cal ail!!
    ii| R.-Sc*fl ^i^li-
    ^i^ "^Irt^
    (
    pale
    )
    IH $, H ^c-wi ^ict^irft
    an^? Hl4s?'l 'iMH^ IH S, an^ clHl <H-^ 1l?
    a>i?? "HM ^IH ^; ani ^Irt^i^l cl(oii
    5}^ ^11
    >H|
    ^c-l IH 6. an ^CH anj
    ^ fj^wtdlH ^IH ,
    an^ clMi
    ^ (IhAr 3 1 ^ aHcHcl
    %i,^M) <^l^S
    i^SMC-ti '^<l "HrQ lodicules (an
    yi^j^l >ti^i.
    -ct^^iin
    "^14
    perianth
    ^
    ^Ml-ct? d) an^
    iJSw^l
    ann^ll ^^5; 1 ai
    w^.P^
    ^m . t|\%i^i
    3^
    <l ^I'i^^'d ^4l anRc-li ^IM 6. n41 ct^Sil <nRl5
    qioi ^=11, M^l^l'SlI ^af^rt aHillct^ ^JfaiSdl
    (
    versatile
    )
    ^ Mkcl? >llc-tHltni, ^ M?TO<V'li
    Sli^Jl 3ll(A IH S. =^Ti?3imllM 1 ^lSl<Hl3ll,
    'iR-lil ^,
    "^Ifcl^l? 3, ^/l aH8tm ctM <Sl4lH{l,
    HA^l C-t(<4l a>i^
    jt'^-l(l <H6R ^"'iicn ^IM d.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <lcl%TACil4'l'
    ^<i--q
    Ml^ ani^C-fl ^IH ^. 3Hl(i"{l9V \
    <S?i
    an^ 1^
    n^, 'HlfV^l,
    MilvC
    '^'*i
    ii^l. "^^^j ^^'
    ^"^
    l>ll anils M^'^H'il %imi-H "Sli^isrii Vii^H, ^M
    clMlH ^tcHi m <^rtW an^'w-H M^aHi^^l an^l
    ci'l( ^t^^l
    Mf^^ll nail J/lil ^^lil ^4 ^^fM
    V^ani^l Pml^ atitl cl ani =10^1 g.
    clll
    tl^,
    iSj
    an^ fMTia sjt^ll
    ^^etl
    .*
    l-^ll^1iiR-Paspalumscrobiculatum.
    t'^dl'rt-H. YII.
    p. 10; Watt. VI. part.
    I.
    p.
    HI; ^. Pt. Ml. \\s\.
    R-M\\'ii'H-Mil
    (^lo);
    "ilS^l (?lo);
    %^,
    ^,
    ft^
    (jTo);
    ^r, %Cr, %^, ^i^^
    (r?
    o);
    %S3,
    %^^?^
    (?ro).
    . ^C-l-fl atM^l Ht^i^
    '^*5^
    li ^IH .
    "^U^l
    a^l ^H^UHMi Hl4i=0 'H'llcil 'iil M<^
    ^ {l25
    yi^n oySlian ci=im ^. ^l^l Hl%l^ ^4-
    hi[ rlMW t<1'ii ^l^
    a^^
    0. MiJl ct ^R'tl -"tlHrni
    q^^l^ anR ell ^^-ft aH%i^ S^ . H<4
    H^t^
    ilf^l
    "Sisy'il 11^1 ^IH ^ cl
    HiJi (^^IH M^llH ctl S^'d
    aH^ i^ ^. "^IS^l =lHl^ at;iHl{l wHl^
    ^R ani!^^
    ani^ d ^ S^Kl an^^ o/tajlH S cHl^ cl^ rflSi
    MHli^ hiiH MlHRi ani^ fe. \(S\-ii ^i<H<^[^ MUSll
    an^ M^'ii MK^l ^ anuqi
    (SR^'lR'tl Mli^l
    ^ aHiwi ^liiKl iiai) =iiii ^<ni\'^ anMin ^.
    llS^Hi
    o{\<^"{l
    S^
    an^^
    (hH tli %11^<^'{1
    ili^K^^li C-i'niej !Aict a^RC-fl S.
    ^IS^l (i|^8tH'tl m3ll->MRl <Hl3lm( IIH S. ani
    ^^i^smni cl sRhi'U -^Miil hil whi q^is^ musjI
    ^C-ta (H^IH d cHI, anPl ctiil rtll ^cl^Kl llil
    an^ Mli^l-ll ^ll^ani
    ill @3l
    i.
    Hl^i i^ S. (MTt
    i5c^ dl9l . ^l^ln Hli^l atl
    ^."
    (?l. ^ W.)
    ^IS^Hl f.l3lWl dlcl^i^i Rm ^^ ^^^ g,
    5i>l i|<HlH S.
    t-^llJ^lH'iR-P. distichuin.
    i^dKct-H. VII.
    p. 12; ?. ft. Ml. ^v9L
    Vl^il'l^-'^lS^, <V3K-Qlisl,
    ^icfl'^lj^
    (^1+
    Iis^'tl SuHi^n ^i{\ 'flSirii
    Qi|3ii( m^j^
    /^{I'l ^^ KliM ^IH 0. ct-Hi
    yiHi svt^l iV^^l
    an^ dHiii ^^i 'vHi sAisii
    Jilchni 'fls^istl ^m
    . MH ^ il V 'Jat C-t(t^[
    C-fl^i oiHm %i^iv
    iwiwi^iwii ^IH . ^CH'O atM^
    l ^IH ^. ct 1. 2(1
    ^ ^^ <Hi^ ^IH ^. SH^l \ii\[7{ Mcadl |IH .
    lU^l'll li=(l M"^ ?ii aHl(i -uiRai v(^
    (Kl-il^HlfAl ff/SltSn
    <|3l 6. Sjcii
    i^qi {^i^ s^fji
    ^il<l lW[ aii^i ct:(l-^ dH'^Pml
    6l^. "an <v^l
    3RM *, i!^^ il5i g, M<U<H ctm aJUl^ iH<v
    i^ S." (H.
    I.
    y.)
    V^ll^lH'llH-Panicum flavidum.
    t-^dkct-H. VII.
    p. 28; Watt. VI part.
    I. p.
    8.
    ^-^^flriR-iA^i^l^il^^l
    (Ml+Jio) m, wH^
    {fk").
    anl %IIMHI '3U=41 *1<V
    "^
    Ml"3jlqitffl
    <v3li>i(
    aHi"il ^\Ml ll l^ ^. anctl
    MW C^('>^(
    an^
    ai>t^ Hi^i^ anict^ aHi^C-O
    ^IH d. ai^^i
    ^i^^
    rtMlH 'Mcl'ti
    ^R -^HIH ^ an^ Sj^i
    jn^( jj^^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <
    l-t^MQl^**'
    t-^ll^lHHW-P-
    crus-galli.
    t'^ii-ct-H.
    VII.
    p.
    30; Watt. VI part.
    I.
    p.
    8.
    an^ti ^licji :i\^h[ mHi 'SiimSii i^^nl etwi
    an^ MW Ml*i aMl^C-fl Pi ci-fl Ml
    aHlcl^ ^IH 6.
    aJirll gum Mej -i^, 'il'Ai, >Hl"\l=maHi aH^
    It-SKl iiHlan @3l g. 2i^i gi^cii ctMlH wtcwl
    ^W "MIH
    =H^
    ci^l Slijll ^IHHI Sli^JlKl 9v3ll5i
    H3l-(ill(Hr{l)
    1-^U^HiR-P.
    colonum.
    *
    ttii^ci-H. VII. p. 32; Watt. VI.
    part. I.
    p.
    7.
    5ih55r?fRT
    (
    Ji"
    );
    sPR^Jra (
    f|o
    ),
    ani IMKI dUHl
    aH-S"tl mi h\(Xl <V^l
    9t^lH{l
    aH^ ^211
    '^''^
    Wl i^^i '^^^
    ^^'^
    ^IH ,
    cl^l fA^i SHPlSll
    '^'-^
    *IRI iWi 9*'^l
    McWi ^W
    "^IH g. ^'il 1^1
    ^Ictl ail^^lll
    $U=ll i?i^
    ^^(^ r^^H i^
    MH^WHlMi ani^
    S. clfl (H^m |HMi HHl^l IIH S, 3iM i^cllH
    S. 3l<l<n ellll ^^l Sli^ll H^^f H^ ^l""^ S ^
    ihm =1>H^ -wll^li ct^"S 5H^ l^ "H ^-"HMWH
    an a>ll ^H^HKIl ^i>tl Hi^l <3^ .
    H3l-(illfH0.)
    riHil. "Hit*
    \-4U^4ilH-P.
    setigerum.
    t^icl-H. VII. p. 36; Watt. VI. part
    I.
    p.
    10.
    *<Hi?Hi ^iicii 'H^l^l^l P. frumentaceum &.
    ^-%<QiR-i^i,
    Mli^J, ii^i HM (mIo); '$([
    cl'fl ^lil Ht^S^ HRM
    anPl rftSHi Wisml 'V^fl'i-
    M^ Mi^iH{i ^iH . ^iHi [mM#
    ^^^l(
    *^-
    Mi^li 'fts<?i . MH m4i^ =ii'ti MH <vq(
    Mimical ^IH S. cini ^^^i *lUiiirt[ aHiajlaHltfli
    an^
    d((/lHi 3lluy^cli 1 Pl'^M llV-ll^i ^IH .
    <HIH . an
    H^ i^ m^
    3ii3i(^ g, Sidl dUHl
    5iWl?{ ^"^ci:^ an^ ^ililSilMi <Hln ^ISl-fl lSl
    "^Hov a^^aniijl
    mM(
    H^Jl
    @3l g. Sidl
    1^1
    3i^<^ eliSi |iica ci-u^ci
    ^HiH
    g.*
    1-^lllliR-P. sanguinale.
    t^kct-H. VII.
    p. 13; Watt. VI. part
    I.
    p. 15.
    9(1 KliolC-il ^IH ^. d msil Mlcttffl ^
    ch|o{1
    IH g.
    * !5i\fi*ll liMKl "HmH ani
    yiHi
    cflo/
    ^ilHl
    '11-
    cl^ 'Hl=a ^di rl (*l*llll ^(>121W l? 33 -if^ (^.
    M131
    Rwi^il (d?cli cl-il 6UHl %ll <i>^*i[ ^<X\. a>ll
    %H%lWHi 5l yi%i aiiHl^ ^WlKl >il Mi^ (3l S.cl'li
    oftff/ Siiii ai4l ?l"^i ^l*lcilSlt |M"l oftnt %<l%Ul-
    si^ c-Uvii <Hi4 rl^i a^i'^i ^lii SH^ gsjiaii ^i^i^ Rwi"i
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eiti%-H(cili4i.
    ^<^V9
    H5l-( ill(>l^
    )
    \ ^U^1iiR-P.
    ciliare.
    i^dl^cl-H.
    VII.
    p. 13;
    Watt. VI. pa-
    rt. I.
    p.
    15.
    5i-'^^il'iw-3A<aili
    i^i^i,
    ii^i
    ^^^i
    (
    Ml+^io); Cb^'^
    (l|e).
    SlHi ^.iS'H[
    liioja^i oYqi<r^
    ^{I3i ciil ibi ^IH
    panicum Jwncntoruin
    (guinea-grass )-
    Otlrll HIJH, aQrn ail^ (^l+yo).
    Si Hl
    61C-1
    HR "I'd mi M^ cl HHtni H^i =Hi<:-Hi i^ d. an
    MiJl Ml<3pil tii:(l<(i iil ^m ^i ct^Hi i^, S. 5^
    m Hl4 H^^ ^l"3llH . ci ^l^i 3H^ H\"i ^l^l^
    H3l-( atifH-ft
    )
    l-^ll^lUrlR-P.
    antidotale.
    t'^Al-rt-H. VII.
    p.
    52; Watt. VI.
    part 1.
    p.
    7.
    ^W (r|).
    H'ft iiil cl((Ail map M<^oict 3H^
    ^(i^-ll <v>a4-
    M^ d?lC-(l ^IH '5. MH C-thi =H^ ^C-lHl =HM^
    MiJl CHi'>{l ^IH . cl ^ll^Hl ilfrt^UMiaHl-
    X=fl 5Ht^l
    ^^ivttiaa (VMl'iMi (31 S. 3l
    (3^1
    ^. Si Hl
    si^i ^iH cHl^ ^l^ ^WlHl >i5l
    at^
    d, -HOj
    >^ii
    lHi My^ {\n mw^ ?iJA^
    cl
    ^llrtl^\ ^5i at^rti 't^il,
    a>l
    m
    y^[lc(i^ Hl^rO
    3i5aaiM^ Wl<V ct^> 'lii'HHl SlM^ii <HM^IH
    S. i%lil m^i'O ^>tlil %licll <V>HH an^ atisi-
    s^qi >ii^
    an
    Hi^i^i '^Miii h^hI i!^mii
    9Hl=l ^.-'f
    i^fl, clHa/" d<l ill^H^i "(ift ^ s^^^ii Hl^ Clio,
    rt^fl
    S4W MM alwiy iMr-ft yiff/ ct^" Misi v.M s^
    ^-^ll^MriiH-Arundinella
    tenella.
    tOdi'ct-H. VII.
    p.
    71.
    tHl(r/<l^ fell ail^l^
    u{l<rn Hl^Kl ^l^l
    QSl
    mn ^4 "H^M ilH ,
    Siril ^c-lrfl a^M^
    1">HI
    nfci^u^iSiiciicAl ^iH . nKl ^imiSii
    tiigjl 3A[l
    ^1 ^1
    l^[
    wil^fili ^IH
    d.
    an
    m
    {lin Ht^lKl ^ll ^l^ ""ilH ^. MI3J
    an m MICH H^R^ ^"^^**
    ^
    ^**^ ^'"^^
    ^"^
    V^ulHil^-A.
    setosa; and A. gig-
    antea.
    t'^di'rt-H.
    VII.
    p.
    70; aud 76.
    <V^l ^-ct an^ ^l (2li ^IH d, an wfldn
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ^i'^ iti%"uGi^i.
    l3l-( Ui^^
    ).
    "l-<U%ft4ilH-Setaria glauca.
    i^l'ct-H. VII.
    p. 78; Watt. VI.
    part. 11.
    p.
    546.
    >Tr?cit (To); *^r, ^^(i, (ffo).
    (33l d. cl
    1 fl ^ SO-i "3^ tlH ^. ^'l^
    'I'-t'^
    atH^ 'Hl'V^'n 4il <^<[ 11H . Mej clMi sAi^l
    iUl 9?=(l
    tffl
    ^IM 6. rl iM^i^ C-tiil <ii ctM[
    =il<fl tH ^. 3H^i ^,^M i(3l
    -^=11 tUSll niH
    VI.
    V^U%(ltilH-S.
    verticillata.
    t^l'Ct-H. VII.
    p. 80; Watt,
    part. II.
    p.
    o49.
    ani m H? i^C-ti Ml'H
    vgiV
    IIH ,
    Mi^l
    ciHl iWi 'iHl^ U->HlSHieiiai ^IH .
    aii
    3 il M
    k\i
    <3-^ IIH 6. m4i^ ^^^ =H^ Hlil^iHl
    ^l^ MIH 6,
    Miaj
    Sird atM<l Ml<n 11H d cMl^
    Hl4i<l -"Hlcti 'lifl, "it^ ci-il iUl '(JR'fl }^Mi
    61131 d. ani HIW H^ '*^** ^'** ^
    ^*^ ^'^ ^^^"^^
    Sl-ft s^M^
    il^l 'll-^H^tlsil 5HI m hl^ H^\
    ^RKKI M/l^il ^t^^lHl ilMMi aHl4ll>
    ^HJ
    ^.
    aHHl
    l<il
    H^ll 3l^n llSl "wilH Wi.
    H5l-(illCH{|.)
    iW-H. VII.
    p. 89; Watt. II.
    p.
    2i0.
    ani
    m \ a ^ ili (3^ tlH . cl ailHiy
    k\d ^7{ "flfT^
    ^l^ aJi^ n!t -VMIH S. an Ml(^4
    5lillM d. aM^i -jetKl
    a^M^
    Mf^ >
    cHl^ Hl^S^
    ^-^ll^UnW-C. catharticus.
    t^il'd-H. VII.
    p.
    90; Watt. II.
    p.
    246.
    V<U^HiR-Pennisetumcenchroides.
    t'^ikcl-H. VII.
    p. 88; Watt. VI.
    part. I.
    p.
    127.
    snu^, %5f, ^(^ (r1>).
    SHI Hl^'il Sum ^lMl?l H^h^ il<\<4iv(l
    <v>{l^M^ Niy Ml%l 5l d. ^ ^
    ^ai(l
    ^^s
    Qaii
    sH-^m >Ml^ S. a^Kl iiil
    <^P
    ^ll^HiaHimwd
    'V>fl'iM^ dlc(l Kli^C-fl ^R d. ^ll ^t-lKl at>l^
    Hm^\. Hl'(l aiH^
    <^<l cllMi^ shrI
    H^fl
    ^Wl^a
    ^iH . Si mil rmm wtci'ti
    ^r -^hih S. Mtsj
    ani ^^^M'lii cl
    sguy
    Q^i ^.
    illdliiil o^JlftKl HUHl S3|3 ^nmi *hA &. anaHtW-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eW%'MWll4t.
    ^-
    V<U%(lHilH-Tragus
    racemosus.
    t^kci-H.
    VII.
    p.
    97.
    ani Hl ^IHI^
    ilCl^lt^l fvHltM^ ^iw^i^
    (fail ^IH d. 5iHl ^V([ H<4
    aiS'ASact =H^
    l-^ll^lnniH-Coix
    Lachryma.
    i^m-\L
    VII.
    p.
    100;
    Watt. II.
    p.
    492.
    ^^
    (l|o);
    ^g
    (go);
    W?Rr (^B^).
    a s^iHi^l ?li
    an^ hCI HitniSii ill
    <3^ .
    =hi[
    ilcAl l<3ll ilH d l^. i=Hlll i^ ^. ^H Sl<^l
    Hiijl {ll ilH d.
    Si 'i^n eli^i |Sia\ =l-*Hrt
    >HIH d. an^ Hl l^ ^^?l
    l'V cl^l HM^IH
    d. M*^ lil'A'fl
    'I'^cl cl clHlM 'Mrt'ii ^l^ "^HIH
    1-'^U"Hl*l'IW-Imperata
    arundinacea.
    tai-rt-H.
    VII. p.
    106; Watt. IV.
    p.
    336,
    R-'^<ft'llH-^i'^^,
    ^Hl
    (
    ^lx?io
    );
    %C,
    3?, f?re (ll).
    aHl Hl 1 (l 3 (Id d-^ ilH d.
    Slct(
    IjChKI
    aiH<l MlctoU ChK ilil^ til5l 'fli5l{l ^IH d.
    l-^U%ll*l'llH-Saccharum
    spontaneum.
    lt.iirn-H. VII.
    p.
    118:
    Watt.
    VI.
    part II.
    p. 11;
    h
    Pi. Ml.
    3^o.
    R-"^^ilriiH-ii, hWU,
    i(llHl (^l-Hi);
    ^Bi?, ^ra
    (flo); ^m, m^ ( f| );
    *ra, ^i^ (^)-
    sil4l m^ni i'*iii
    'iCl ^[i^llanl
    an^ ^wi-
    t'ti Mi^flKl
    9^<v ^m i^dl iiH n<l <v^i5h
    3l
    M-IM ^i ^% IIH ^. SHHi MK
    ethl ^
    ^li^i
    SiKl iiil^ m\^ \ tt ^
    s[li il"ft ^i^i"^^
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    '^ *'*'
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    ^.
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    IMRIH
    6.
    H5l-( 5tl(>lHl
    )
    t-<U^^'iW-Ischa3mumangustifolium.
    tt^di^-H. VII. p.
    129;
    Watt. IV.
    p.
    526.
    ^m ra<T (n); *n^, 'a^^i (
    i^o
    );
    ^^, 5*
    (
    qsn^i).
    a>t^ tlil'Hl'fl lUMl M^l I'l &.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    '3oo nl%'M(riei4't.
    'mt Hm Miaj ^iH ^. ^ Ht^'fl iiil Hw41 ^
    <VlH^
    a>i8|cti i}^-^
    ?i^^
    @ol .3;.
    ciHi imni 5Hi^ . Si
    '=ii wisv ri(\^ Hi^
    (
    Saccharum moonja
    )
    ^vji .
    1-^lllHrlR-Aplnda aristata.
    I'^dl-cl-e. Vir.
    J).
    150; Watt. I
    p. 272.
    R-"^^l1rlR-C'i^ll|
    {%\o);
    >:\{[ (340
    ); ^tR^
    T^ci (JTo); ^g=c7, it^'Ci, Jivfr; (rio).
    =lWl^ kC-fls <r/^im yi^
    ?l 5. ^Qhi o/'siC-lHi 'HS
    ^jw yi^ ii'^ ^ii 5 <<ii'^ov rtn yt^s^^ ^^i
    ii<t S, Miy ci Hi!!*ii '^''Jl ofl>^
    m%i ! H-h cii <v 5iVt
    ol%l V{i% 5. oi^iKl ?tHl<\ SH^ i^i
    Cil^l Zl\'\\ ^Wi
    HHl Mfi sh'H 'cSlif/ ctti'S (3M*iRHi JtHl HiJ 5H m^;t
    ani
    MW H^ Sl-Hi?fl tH-ii^c-il ^l^ii^l ri^^i i4o^
    'll an^SlHlS "H^^kHi Hl ^'H^'IW ct^S;'^
    H,4=imi
    aHl=i?il ^fil. ci Jrty mill iil^Wl SH^l anf^i^HW H^[
    iicil S IWii i^cli "Hlil Mll tH'tW^Hl i[HM\ 5i m^
    HUl< SM^Pil H^ i\i Si^ B. ;y^ tiovtl '^<Hfi HS-
    ?:H>ii \w c-fn-tR ct^^'-fl :*i'j<'HiRA^i 'i^^i ^7^ i^nmi
    ani^iii ^'^i. <<ii >jii Tin? fiiSi'ii Hii?i ci?^'-(i
    sHtQ
    >tl=lt?fl S^Hl-Hl SHl'-fl 4<^ 5 5l yi^ 30 ^1. ^rlfl hi^
    <Jll^ Htl ^IKJ W ell cl'4i ^ mjii :^^\i[ ff/snwi
    >n^ w^w H152 B.
    5l d. SiKl ^[^ 3HPi %liHl5li C-fl%li ^IH 6. MH
    c-thi, Qiai^fci'ti
    an^
    M-^ 1 yisii^di, nftfi^
    5H^ ll>Ml'iil^ ^1 5Hl^<Hl ^m S. Si
    t^5 at>l^
    Sli -VHI^ '^[^'{i ^Hi\ ^IH ^.
    Si
    'm {lg ^IH d cm^
    5/ Si;^
    Ji^ IHIH d.
    <HN c8lil Kl^l SH^
    qu 5HlR 3ji?iqiil <t/^m[
    (51
    g.
    Si HM <Hii/4Hi
    clJi ^'H^ ^IH d, ^ilHl M^
    5JlH(
    i'/ rq ^i^l ^l^ft. Si MH't'ii JJMl^lfl
    g^ci c*i>iivT il tH ^ Mi^ (V
    Si;)
    Qi3\i^
    i-^ll^lHrilH-A. glauca.
    ^^dkct-H. VII.
    p.
    150.
    ani HW
    ^
    a \ ^i 13^ tiH d. SiKl
    j[^,
    ^imiSil, MH an^ '^C-iKl cl^l6
    ^3iui ^il
    \%
    el3l-(24lCH{l).
    V^U HI*
    Manisuris granularis.
    ts(ct-H. VII.
    p.
    159; Watt. V. p.l64.
    i(%l^m
    a>tl ^=t^HHi ^<iHl il^^tliQ vHl'l-
    M^ S^l d. rt I fl
    ^^
    (li <!si ilM g. "^ifclcd^
    ctKi <U">MiSii (vHlH
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    i
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    ^=H "^ii^itAi ^ih d.
    itsi'il ^M^ Siiuv viit/(\>i(?fl <^
    \ q5m^ -{Ij^iisfl
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ll%'M(cieil4't.
    \3o\
    l-^llo
    iio-Andropogon foveolatus.
    i^l-rt-H.
    VII.
    p.
    168.
    o{li5 ici.ti m?li <ii H'^Oi 5i 5. an^ 'h 25"/hi
    Ul%
    (no Ti<rt ) '{[ oft^ ntH^ ^iwi =Mi ci^3 3%
    t^l (<li?l,^ "(l^ my Hl^ SHSi Hell n^fl. SHI ^H-
    ^sii'i'ii s^tMid ^i"^' mH \i3i yi^n^Hi^ my =tdi<l ci-fl
    sisj^Hi s^ciwi 3Hi^ S. sHi my 9fl<"i<i n^^ Bi m^
    =(li =1^
    Ji''^
    3ici5iMi
    ^i
    ;i ^^ ?^ 5. H?ii 43ni
    ?Hi^ ?ii5i Mi^ Rim^l
    yisfl^w uiy mil (l'i&i<AiHi
    ^wwi ^i<w "^^^r-i^ii >tiS 2iij i^ ^i^M 5.
    SRtHi^ ^^<^. '^'^i^w.i alwiy ^i^yis'il asil^ii ^wfl
    H'Wcl ^<Hl^. 4il5l ail^8(l "^IrtWi ^ iR airtHi c-lin
    5 cm"^ Miji <f/*ii tj'ff/qi ann yijflaHW my d^l^ ^w
    <<ii "Hiciwi ^R =-11^ "iH w. yi^fl^HR yiy ^-'^i y-ci
    ann tHA4i^ ^1*1 5. an my timfl if/eii ^i^>ii ^^i
    *1131 ft^iH UW 5. 'H^4<f'' -tfil ^l^ 'fl SltJllJR SH^
    y^ m*t . 'H yiy >niHi(l uiiwi an'^iM? Hiii ui|
    a^'-aiiA aniH 5. ^''Hftm j.sitn'fl <vh'^ yt^^flaniH my'ti
    ^Hii >i(A^wi
    ff/'^Un^ii^fl mi^ c-ti<l "'!h|
    a^^
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    iii^i ct^ wRi Mi'^Q^ii Hc-iift ^i5^ ^n '^W'li ^i<i^
    HH^l'-lCli ticli. aHiil y^QaHR yiy^l <H^4l 4'i^>li{l
    yi3ii "iwi i<i5ii 5. an^ clHl c-ciiiSt oflj^
    yiURiii
    my^i nm'^i n^iii . ^ lim
    M^il y(?nH yiycii
    iMii
    ui?n ffj-siiSi Miwi ff<i>iHi ipii v/. an^
    Hni \i^
    ^^Sd
    aHW?i 'iCs Bl cini ti^l fi^cll^ ^uTiri-Hl y<HH 5,
    i-^U^1iiirH-A. Isclidemum.
    l^did-H. VII.
    p. 171; Watt. I.
    p.
    244.
    R-1^llil>l-i'l=Q Sixv^l (Mlo); (Voy^l (^o);
    f^[
    (t); T^^^, ?^^3 (f|)
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    S.
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    'IH^ d'/ldl m ^. anrfl ^(^ 3H^ ^U'^HiaHUl
    yittlSilM^ wtfiHl ^l(Al ^L(A^ ^ilCQ ^IH 'S. Hl-l
    \ (l R. 5[^i C-lini, ^Sll^l C-flwi aHH^t vt^(Hatii,
    ctPlH SlitfilfclS^cli
    I^
    'J^i^ yii^i tcti ani^flSR ^IH
    ^. ^stKl =4H^ 5{ i^di <HHi^ ^iH $, n ^iil
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    Itfltn ^IH !.
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    'iidl ttH ^,
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    Ml^ Sixvqi Hiy %-li in<<^ aii^iH . s^sycii
    an^ yf^flaHR Hiy^O
    ^i's^'^fl (
    yifcieli an^qi
    enslage
    )
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    ci Hi^i qtii
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    myn ^i^
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    icwi Hiy
    ciw jisiy i*i 5. viji jjV^ni an^
    yt^fl-
    aH my
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    >i(^.ti5ii
    '-liJ" 'hJ 5. yiipsHW my ^^iwi MiS^ifiW
    yi|
    mn
    *
    ^RoiS^ ^H^lH^i "Hl^ 2pV^I my IJlai ItH^jj
    ^ly 4^^ a-i^iH 5. ani ^H^8iirt>ii 5'o/^i
    my yijfi-
    aH '-^ly
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    'H ff/iii^t
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    <3o^ l*l%'M(ntl4l.
    l-<ll^liR-A,
    pertusus.
    t^kct-H. VII.
    p.
    173. AVatt. I.
    p.
    219;
    qc5^J3n, ^^,
    'J^s^^
    (J^")-
    ^rt^i<S sixv^i ^rt^i^ ^l, H[{[^m
    Mit^Q'ti
    3. Slrii guqi
    an^l ?ji'^ii 431<1
    2i)<Vtll i^rtl
    116'ti ^IH d. an Hl^Ml MQl 4=l^ siiVHl 'V^l'V
    1-<llJ^<Wl>l-A.
    laniger.
    4^l^-H. VII.
    p.
    203; Watt. I.
    p.
    244.
    (lie), ^^uiff^;,
    ^TWTiJif51
    (
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    qiil <,
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    -5ii oiwft \i^ <*ii ssVhi m%i ut^ iw 5.
    aJi'ii
    >i<n Hijii --ct iH S ^ nni c-n{l ailKl
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    m
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    aHMlH d. aJUl \ca^
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    (?idi) <4i^[
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    &. 'V
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    Sj^HW S.t
    eioi-( 21i(h*{1.
    )
    1-^lU rll.-A. Schoenanthus.
    t'^iict-H. VII.
    p.
    204; Watt. I.
    p.
    249;
    ^. R. Ml. 3^.
    aHJilVi^ i &. ^ an^R^ ^jtHyfl <HtWi jJ^W^ft
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eil%"H(ri<l4'l.
    o3
    ^HI%1 3 fl ^ 104 1^ IIH d.
    Sicii MW
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    ^
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    an^ ^ll>Hl5il^
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    ^iiHl Hliol ^.
    h'-^'rS an^ s(^-l<3JMi ilH S. an Hl Kl-'i Hl^
    an^il^ ^l^ >HIH d.
    Si my ilSjSilMi Htyk^i
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    ^=11 Ml^
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    ^11W
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    (1<\"^ aiiH^-
    mMl ani^ $.*
    H51-(21i(h*{1.)
    I-^IU iU-A. squarrosus.
    im-K. VI.
    p. 986; Watt. I. p.24o.
    ^. Pi. Ml. ^^.
    R-'^^llil>l-'^lll, =tl?llHl, Hm,(^lxii)o;
    ^rg^, ^J?fk (?io).
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    fiwR
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    Ml^ ci^i cil^ll 'ti'^l^llMi ani^ . <Hl(AKl Wl
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    Mi
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    mill ani^ $.
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    l-<ll^<tiRA. annulatus.
    t^dl'd-H. VII.
    p. 196; Watt. I.
    p. 242.
    V^<lliR--*^li Ht'cQ^ (>ll+Jio). 5H^ (r|o).
    an
    Hl s^ivm an^ ^f^flaMl? Hm ll
    ^^
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    SH^
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    MiJl S^^ svlcllHl ani^ d. an
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    ^
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    aJi
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    i5i-( 5i<v
    )
    l-^U%(lH'tR-A. intermejius.
    l^^dl^cl-H. VII.
    p. 175;
    SHW &, 5Mi ^Mii <i Ml^ HW'tlii SHl^ ell cl
    C-ll='(l wKl &.
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    WoV
    eirl%-HCtt4'l-
    i.
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    )
    1-^lU rlU-A. contortns.
    t^ii-n-H. VII.
    p.
    I'.ii); Watt, I.
    p.
    244.
    gft^e, ?i^tf5, g^ciFs
    (150)
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    \-^U. rlL-A. filiforrais ?
    it'il-ci-H. VII.
    p.
    104.
    ani H[^
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    ^i**'^^ ^i"*'^
    ^''^''
    m^'ii NW ii^^i ym ( -Ho Mv.'i ) 41 r/Hi ^im
    S n (M^ft 5HPi
    S^i bm
    bl
    w*.
    131( ^OV
    ).
    1-^lU nu-A.
    halepensis.
    t'^il'rt-H. VII.
    p.
    182. Watt. VI.
    part. 111. p.
    280
    . ci 3
    2ft =LM ^i
    <3'ii
    =lH S.
    an ^l^RiJl -rn^
    Jj?^
    ^^
    an^
    ^>niq^i Mi
    ci^<v ^m S. anni^ft
    ^iC-lU l">HiSii rftsoi 0. 5h( MH ^ ?ft
    ^o^at
    1 ^ft Mi c^Ni ^ \ ft 3 (Jat Mi^itai ^ih Q>.
    anrft
    mA aM^ U">Hl^U^ ^1 ^^Hl MlljS Mil C-ti'Hl
    an^ H^l "Mlct'-fil llaHlcli'41 a(>i^ aniH d,
    Cl^ "^^ft <H^rll SCH^ J^
    . ^'i^dl 11^1 3\i[lH
    5ll"^l |ilfn f>Mcl "(Im Sllia>il ll -^MIH
    Wi.
    ^nsKl i^
    ^>asi^ ?if^i^ iM^I t^jtii'ft
    >tHP
    "H^
    ci^i ?l>H=lt'ft wilaJil tM'tlHqi'il ilMMi 3Hl^ d.
    'ni
    H[^
    b[=i
    ^IH ^ <*<lX Hl4i^ ^U "^icli
    "H^ft ^ ""ilH cit cift Ml^l sii .
    M^i
    an m
    Misa^l anig yJslM Jlli ct ^l^^ll aiRi n^l^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    ti%'i(cii4't. Wo-q
    fl
    ^H31
    13R
    >{l<ri ^i^rii
    ^Hfymi 5Hl^ cil ci
    1-?U iU-Anthistiria imberbis.
    4''dl'rt-H. VII.
    p. 211;
    ''I yi |3Rltf[l <v>aHM( m4i^ @3l d.
    Si
    <l <V^l <rvt|
    cilM<3l 't^M ilH &. MSi^hI
    5i m ^vMc^
    i^;i ?iui an^t (h^i ii^ ^^^i
    a>=tl^ @3\ ^. an:^ {l(wi
    m;^ aH(Ml^
    5i Hm
    I-^IU il. A. cymbaria.
    t'^dl-d-H. VII.
    p. 215.
    **! Hiw
    3 a <^ ^li -^ '-i?i d. Si w-o-ci
    aH^
    1^4 ^iH S. ^aI mh cnhi,
    ^[j^i sh^
    Hiaii M^^i ilH ^.
    Slcil
    Y^'^
    =HH^
    H^P >HV
    ^,
    ^l^ Si^l =(lCljHl% ii d. 'H Hl%l m4
    '"'<1
    aniQ'i^i'iii
    f'^i'a'ii MKiMi d^i &. "(l^ yiy 'H'ni m
    <#tl\ <H^ ttW^ ^l^l "^Wi 't'fl,
    M^"$l fiwill HfeJl SH
    Sfi H
    iMH & <#iR '^^ "H^Jil 'HlQ dMW mtcfli ^R
    SHI ^^^UWHl
    '4^ QHHl^ft sitT US B.
    Wl^ C-flR IWi ^R\ rt^l (^?m ^IM^g H^fl.
    M^3 wiv ct^l @mIi3r( elciiHl ani^ .*
    l-^ll. riu-Pseudanthistiria heteroclita.
    It^il-ct-H. VII.
    p.
    219.
    ^-^^llrllH-caliiJ^ \H Hl (>il+?io).
    Si
    HW ^(chh( Hl "Vg 11M 0. Miai
    <l^H\\
    C-ll^ 'i^lH 3H^ i^
    ilM . Si w{l(tn t(i^ iSl ^i
    l-^ll. rii-Arjstida Adscenscionis.
    t'^ikci-H. VII.
    p.
    224 Watt. I.
    p.
    312.
    R-"%^[liR-<34 C-i(m1i (Ml+5io); 5i;^?5?(qgrrat).
    Si
    Hl 1 ^5^?(l 3 ^i lia 11H . Sirfl
    ^C-tKl atl^3^l tfll
    ^ 1^1 ^=tt Mlcion
    ilH d.
    ci {l%ll ^ aiCAScfl ^IH .
    13I-(21iCh{1).
    Am H$:'4
    t.-^lU "il- A. funiculata.
    t'^^kct-H. VII.
    p.
    226.

    ^uiH ^=i*8ii't>ii rw4mi^i


    ^i
    to^ii^ 5i 5.
    i\<H[^
    tHl^l8(l ^llfi'ld SW =HlC-t3 wi M^l^ft yi^'fl
    aiivil^ii <fii 5iiiCHw=twi sniHcfl (^cfl. ri ii%(ilSii>iift
    ui^ daft sHi^4 ^. 'H ttw 'H^4
    <hH
    J^^jrt e ^
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    vio^ <ii%*M(ci<i^i.
    ^'i{H\ "v^i cnioi an^ fl^ ^r 6. aadi j^c-t'fl
    eilM^i'fl ?ita '"Xl ct ^icH 'i0. 2iKi ^[i^ml
    Hoi-( Slav
    )
    t-^U Hl-A. hyatricula.
    ^^ikd H. VII.
    p.
    227.
    an^ an wm( 5ld <?4i ov^ssiI'HH ^ d. ^H\^-
    4<1^ JslClnitffl, ctl^U, i
    H^l^<Hltfil aH4'
    tl ^ll^a
    15j aviH 6. an^ cl -vHMl^fl^ft
    9^i
    i^
    el^tmi ani^
    i.
    "{l^n i^i Hm^ ansii^
    afi
    m
    Slicni cttR ^=(1 itii $iH S ci (Hi-H^CuiMi i^-
    HIH 6. aJt eiiM^ffWi M'ImI "HPI 6 ell H^
    ell Hi^ft ?i^"Sc-inja dMifl 'flscnT
    "^
    ^. fiiHi^
    an m ^^l <nA ""IIH 6. cl(l ct tldl IIH 6
    SHi^V 'il^
    Mi^l
    ci^ fl ^ ^ Jlt^lSl^ 2im d.*
    \-kl\.
    riu-Sporobolus indicus.
    tVkci-H. VII. p. 247; Watt. VI.
    part. III.
    p.
    341.
    an Hl ?ii 5H^ ^U't 9'>{l'i>l[ ^CHlKl i^l
    3l d. anHl iiil an^l Wtl2lKl ^liHl'Jll'HR siili
    "i^^lH 0. ctM^?0 'fl^i'fl <*ilo3 ovHldHl #lHi
    cl^ d ^ Sm^KI Hlo9 <V>{HM^ MH
    an^ ^iMiaHl
    Kli^l g. ^c-lKl aiM^ Mt^ft Hl<U iW
    d. cl
    <i[il an^ ^imiani^ Si qicni mwHl ai^l^-fl \1
    H<4ii\ W^ISR aHl^{l ^K S.
    5H m cii^:) ^1^:^ ,{1:^01
    i^ ^IH dl
    HRat "vHUmI "Sl'/MtiJ Mrtd Hl '13 'I^IH
    cl^ "vHld #ct Rl-"i'-ll(l m4!j^ 311H ani
    yi%t 3l .
    l5i
    (
    5l(v
    ).
    l-^ll "iU-Cynodon dactylon.
    t^il-rt-H. VII.
    p. 288 ; Watt. II.
    p.
    678,
    ^. R. Ml. 3^19.
    R-^^llrllH-M^l,
    %
    hMi (Ml+ei); 5^,
    ss^':
    ( r?n^+^=E^r
    ).
    &i
    a^
    m4 "V^fld ^i^ ^' 'H'l '^ 'Hi'^^
    (^l^^lH'li ^H^ IIM d.
    aJi fe(i
    (V^ftHHR Ml-
    ^. aJiHl
    >in ^sl sHl^fljR an^l ![lltlelctl C-flc-ll
    W( ^IH S. aH'li ^C-t-ll at^^ ll->HiaHl^ di ?.
    (1
    M 90 "{li^lC-ft ^IH d. ct C-flc-tl aH^ini ^^^i\ -i?l'{\
    an^
    \ ft \ ^at c-lio{l ^IH d. ^ Hm ^hHI iiil
    Miy 'i'C\ Vi^ clcai^Hl iiilM^ cll/ ^l<yf "^R2l
    an^
    Hlii Mli^QHl c*ftnl%l ^^dl ^IH ci<l
    "vSliail
    Mil cl 3l g. sf^nirft -xHtil ii^ >{li( >iit^a'0
    ^C-i anincft ^iH ci4l
    o/oiiai n <v8ii"iH
    (31 !.
    ^l""U1l ctSrtiani tftpi n3QaiiaHi>ii ^1(^1 W^
    ni=iHm[ ani^ S. Ui-<H^ m 4iu[ an^ "ftin
    ciim
    ^R -^iH d. an
    yi
    a^i^ ?ii
    .\m,
    MI4
    an^
    Mlf^di e* > cl >{l5n clMlM Hl i^rti
    an
    lR'i[
    aiRi ct^>
    x^5l
    nn^ sn^m 6.
    mi
    aJi
    m qiil^ 9loi i^=im( ani^
    nd^ ci (hi^W
    d^ <H^ d. an 4iii \faHi s^ii iMci or'Hi'm.i
    c-ii^Q iHi M^ 5i m m^i^ jj^rt ^513 't^d.
    Ji^flS
    "V^liaH a>i m^rfl ^ct^ <Hl<H^[l J^qml
    ani^ 6. an^ ^l^ o^r^^iH^i Ml'^ft aMlM'4lft
    ci
    M^ ^
    (3(1
    >lli 11M , i cHI ilM^fl i^-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    tl%M(rlli4'^'
    1^0^
    ^Hl
    l^ffl '-tH^ ani'-l^l ^il 1
    a^<1
    '^''4
    !>iw5i.
    s^
    m^':{ qi^qi
    T^yq
    H^i
    civirt
    >a^i
    CtiiRi ^l-i^
    ^(i,.
    5i;i
    T^H <H^
    ciM
    ff/^fl
    ani^ cii n^[ i{[^[ i,^
    \^
    (^Jm ivHi ^iHi
    'i^.
    ^m^l. aHl<l
    ^9il(na ^5l<fl clHR i^^ itM^
    ^i^d
    '^^
    (Ii'^j) '^*^ '^^i ^i^'ii '^^^ ^"^'^
    H^Hrt l| ^^
    . Sli^*' 'tO, M8l
    ft*l( ctHl
    <H-J MlHlfl ct g^rt i| 811H d.
    h^ ^\lm tiM'ft
    ^'^ ^l^ s^ ^-l^ ^'H ^l ^
    <H3l^ ^n'tl H(Sli H'M. ^Hl ^^ ^.
    jay
    a^i^
    ilflHHUKl ^^l ^iX^\ Ml^H 6. an
    ^cHiKl "vSlian oi^Hl'ii 5Hi*4^Ul n3ilc-il sliiCl<Ht.
    cai^ Mm<l . (MTtKl 5i^ S'-nin-Hl "Hli 5*1^1
    atlMi-^mi ani^ ^. ct^V ct ctiqMl H^^l^l ^
    aJirii
    gu=ii^ ^m etpicti ct "^fltni^M^ ^Itfll
    Wl lW tH cl^
    ^^
    (%io), ?(ltffljil
    (Jio),
    SH^
    ^\.C\\
    'r^^'M (i=-^) 4^ 6. cl %iict Si^il
    5ii->Ml'{l %tli tl<rt =HlHR(UftM^ ct^l
    MJl tllli
    6lM i^ cift 3HRIM IIH $.
    *iQ 'tlil'ft 3llll ilH 6, clMim 5/^'tMi ^ftfwi
    i^ (3H^ MH aH^ ^=(1 U->HiaHl Kli^l S.-
    i(d%iR, qw, aniMlfct^R, @^4^ St q ^Pl^
    Mdil S.
    "
    (
    q.
    ^
    'So
    ).
    H0l-(2il(>l{l).
    l-^ll^Hil>l-Chloris barbata.
    itii^d-H. VII.
    p. 292; Watt. II.
    p.
    289.
    V^^ilrlR-HliGs, ils(3a Hl%l
    (
    Mlo+Jio
    );
    Si
    m \ ft 3 ^Id d^* iiH d,
    y^llnw
    ^Sii ^u-*iiaHi;i ei 5tfl ^Ml\ \m MW Sf^l
    3l Hl ^^ yi ^li
    ^i
    =IIH ^
    ^
    Si m^Hl ii=ii^
    'AH^ mk yi^fl^i^ ^1'?4 ^*i3
    7{ 5isi h4
    snniMl sHi^ S, Mi^ Si:^
    'ffsCi^ Hl^
    ci iJR
    SHI 6^. =Hl %H^l'l'tl R'^l^
    an^ -wii
    Sll'^l
    Si Hir{\ a^M^ 6ii,ii jiiiM^
    >i>
    cHl^
    Si atM^^li'fl i'sm'^
    C-ft^l ^ 411M^
    (51 a^icti
    ^il S ani
    S^S ^Mct SH^ aH"lH'4l ^teilH .
    >fl^^
    Hi
    M<i
    nl*n Hl li ^l^l ""HIH .
    dwi HiHHi iil: "^lil mJ(1 sThi ^lii iiiil eii=itRi
    anw 5. Hi^ ^ Hi ttwft %ill <fl*Hi
    (
    Cyperus
    )
    bulbosus ) 'Hiet 5i5ii w 5. rt'A 3h<41 Mi^ai m-ti
    ^l^
    sftani
    a^ct M^M tsT ntH 5. liX hi 'tW'tl'd
    %uiA ^li-fl
    ann ^^ ^d
    an
    & 5,
    'Ji' wHl'tni iTwi
    dicii wt'iw'twi ^iH ct wMln^ V *(l "s !;;?< ^i{[ *u
    4lHc-t i^
    \tA cl>ii iTi yitt-ti H(iti ( iu'ti a^i >ti
    Hwi ^i^ ^lei i^^-ii hhii y([ % ^ ^ iPi @ii wHl-
    IMi HI* t'Hl ^ ci\^ llil ten ansi? :ill?n llfl
    isiil \tA cl\? ii\W ^i^ 'H =flcl Mlt?(l ani^eti
    3. MtA ci w'Ml't ilM<l anoi? d"H? <K- |^H^I.
    ani ^ci ii5a ^'i'^i ^'^
    41**"*^ '^'i ^"t 5'^M(^
    m%i
    5 ^flanwi Qiui
    t^i^i %ii^ (51^. ?H=ii Siiini yi%i^
    iiMi MM'll'ti
    ^a*l
    (
    Lawn-mover
    )
    fl ilMdi cl
    ^aii tHHiHl ^Ott ^?l -t^^. 5i5 Jilil\^^ SiaWltj
    iTMi '=*l%l ll'=ft =llHdi cl il'HHlHi %iail HrtHl? Oiiil
    t<l 5,
    an^ m%l
    Mi*t H^l<H? SM13 t'fl. <ilC-l ^<HSWl
    <JlllKl625 "Ull^ii HOHi'W ^ cticxl aM'tl'^ =tH^l-
    nCHl 5 rl i^Mi yi^t'ti ii^i 11<<1^ d*rt MHIHI
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \3o^
    t*t*"H(n<l4'l-
    % ^lU
    "il-Eleusine flagellifera.
    tyi-ct-H.VII.
    p.
    298; Watt. III.
    p.
    241.
    ^l-^^Q'iw-'aleii ^[^i Sii^i, vt^,^
    (mi+jjo).
    ^^K,
    JI3R (f|).
    5l Hi^i (h^H i^ delist an^
    M <v^1'l>li
    M^IH S. anKl ^iiMlaHl^l i?i [Ei
    3ii>i ^iH
    MH
    an^ ^ll"^laHl Kls^l g. -4^
    ^jj
    an^ ansii
    *Ho\-(Jll(^{l)
    t.-<ll nu E. indica.
    t<^il'n-H. VII.
    p.
    293; Watt. III.
    p.
    241
    wHl Suqi
    \ ?a ^ sOd gall
    8tiH e. 3^Kl
    l<il 5l^<^ tllli JilcA'd H-oict
    -^MIH d.
    t,-<ll il-E. U3gyptiaca.
    l^i-d-H. VII.
    p. 295; Watt. III.
    p. 236.
    _^
    ^-^<nlR-HiiaiRQi =it^i, aiiH<j
    =ilih
    Mt
    Si
    ^ft ^i^i^ ^m ^
    j-ji^i j^gj^ 3^^;Q
    <HRlW
    ^i^ ^IH 2ifl ^2ft (V^O'tHi (q^"^ 3l
    S. Si
    Hiy -"HWlMl 9l
    an^ ail^ll ^<^i tW d
    S{i.^<^ cil^
    MlJJ ctHl gH H^l^ 2H^ >fl| IIH
    9. SHi siijji ii^j oi^At
    ^fSl
    IhM
    q"Hcl -"ilH d.
    III.
    h4
    (
    UlCHrft
    )
    X-H\U
    rll.-E. aristata.
    I'^il'ci-H. VII.
    p.
    296
    ; Watt,
    p.
    241.
    ^mm (
    r|o
    ).
    ^ (l 3 ^ (JIPW V ilH 6, ci ^l^fl ^ia ^IH
    d. an SiiMl^ ^=(1 ^ Sl<l<Hl(Al 'vHl'tM^ <35l d.
    11H ^.
    SH^ 1l!j"qi^ sHnl ^D^HlSil ^-3 s^i
    '^'li'^
    Mi^J ^IH ^.
    SH
    ^4^^ '^'^'iM Hi^lH^ ^IH d.
    cl^ 'im avtcl'li
    ^W
    <^IH d.
    VI.
    1-J?U rii.-Phragmites Karka.
    t<^ei-cl-H.
    VII.
    p.
    304
    ; Watt,
    port. I. p.
    216
    ; ^ ft. Ml. 3^.
    3?Mt, arist (
    ^i^t
    )
    ;
    5f^, 'Tfs^ra
    (
    jo
    ).
    an Hl'H I'ni^Mi '=ti ^^ ilH . an^ al
    whI ^ cMi ciii ^wi ^i @^(l 1H d. 2i
    \o
    ft 1^ K^i
    <5^ *tiH 0. an^l
    \iH Hi8ft
    H<ai[ tl'>ti ^IH ^. ci <v^l aH4 anPl !(ljl (|eii
    Wi ilH
    S. ci cl{()l^ Mimical
    an^ MMol li^l
    ml
    ani^asi^ ^IH d. SiKi i\{[ a>ia %i\
    ^IH d. 5l4l jiil
    an^^ U->Hiaill^ ^1 ^H[^\\
    V^l<A
    an^ Mlct(l
    ^U"^iaJll'HltAl <^l \ <^^S[
    i^lAi \ ^[ ^ ^i C-li"{l @c*ft atM^ 3Hl^ d. ^
    ?i^M
    atM^l^ M<Acn ?MIH S. SlKliiil 1
    ^ata
    vlil ^IH . ^'ii H.^iMl ^ti^Kl ^1
    ">*-rt 'till
    tm 6. a^i^ft
    Sirti rtni <naii c([%iKI ^^iv
    \^
    Kls^l ^. Si4i MH 5iiC-ti Mi^ Ml?l
    ani^'Hi IH d
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eil%"4(cil^i. V9o^
    Sl'ti
    ^K ?luR Hi^ 1 Rfl 811^ ^IH cHl^
    ^ti^Hi HK^ aH9il^ >HHRl=iHRi SHl^ S, liltaKl
    3HiK ''i^ ^I'^i ^'tl 4iil^ia (^iv-fl)
    ^'lUHiHl
    ^tffl (tll^ . Sirft 4iii;i
    s^^7[
    c-l-icil'a iCHM
    m^mi v^^i'ii rtusji'tl t^R aai "{li?(l <^
    S, an^ 5i^( jCH'{l i'lMim \^i si-fl ^'il ^il
    d. 3l-{l ,s[ilHi(l ^lMtt5il, l^^^dSii, aiS'iiM^Sl
    l^kct H. VII.
    p. 315;
    Ji-'^^il'iR-K-iaft
    mm (^10+340).
    M<^ SiHl ^sirfl x(h:(1 ^^u^
    ;i jt^iHc-a
    4(^ ^ict(
    \-^[U il-Eragr0stis. ciliaris.
    t^l-ci H. VII.
    p.
    314; Watt. III.
    p.
    253.
    i^%i(i,
    ^i^itfd an^ sniHC-O ^ih .
    nwui:
    lot*
    \-!ilU rll-E. ciliaris. (Var) brachys-
    tacbya.
    t.-^lU il-E. cynosuroides.
    l<^dl-ci-H. VII.
    p.
    3ii4; Watt. III.
    p.
    253. ^. Pt. Ml. 3^1.
    (^0+540)5 ^;^,
    ^
    (qo);
    ^()T, ^w, ?r^,
    fqr
    (rto); ^; f5i
    (^o).
    (3i . 5irii ^icn m^i g^i s^-gc-ti
    |ih S. Sj^i
    H(fl ctlT/
    ^R
    an^l viiH . w^mPiHI |iiq ^Mcl
    <nl<rn m%l^ anOil^ ctMlH ivictril
    ^i^ 5i my
    =iRi ani^ ^. 2i m^[ i^/i an^ -^^
    jii^l
    3HSilH S, ct ^2A(Sit^fl, il^ an^ sy-^i^
    Sm^ hiimi
    ani^ ^,
    an
    ^l%l "li an^
    Rni^ elili iv
    "SQi il^l S, ^IhI \^'i[ \[H^ 7{
    y|^Hl efl^^i
    Mi-Hl ^R, iM5ll, Rrtqi, St<n, 4liil<l an
    ^^
    ^R^ 1^ll S.
    S(H.i \l m4 S| ^, an?!
    Qh:^
    (H. ^. ^T)
    ^^kT \l!A SHlkl 6^1. SHI *'H^ll'l'll TH4; ctsf^i
    1^1
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \S\o
    lt%'4(clti^*l.
    t-^ll^lM'iR-E.
    amabilis.
    i>Al-rt-H.
    VII.
    p.
    317.
    wtl^{l ^K d. 2i m M^i^ 4^>l ilH
    ^.
    ^ChHI =HH(1
    a^H^a ^Wl<n Mt^Kl Mi^ <v<l ?^IH
    ilH
    d, ^(l H ^I'^i
    ^
    ll^ ^-
    '^ ^^^
    ^i
    5ij|
    i^rj 'i'd M^g
    "{li HlttKl ^l^ ^U
    21<
    '3.
    1-^U^HriR-Halopyrummucronatum.
    t^il-cl-H.
    VII.
    p.
    328.
    (
    ^lo+?io
    )
    an
    m jRhI (S'il^ ^'^'tl 'iWl'^ll
    (
    sand hills or dunes
    )
    dM^ <3l g. SiKl
    i(il ^rt<mft ^^Id^'i ^ M'i^CH ^^ ia 11H
    6. clni hl Hi^l <Hhl ^IH 6- [^
    %li'^
    cl M-^M >
    loo aHi 5(li
    <^liH[
    8im g. ^iil
    u(laHl n'tl^l Mrt^l-HilSil ^^ 6. a>ii m%i
    sRhi JA'll^l'fl idl M^l "15AIH i^Hl "Hd
    Hl4 <Hll^(l d.
    *
    * "iiRoii^Mi =ii<Hi<\M^ ani "^i^ m^ d^i 5.
    n^R no.
    "i-^ll^<lllH-Deudrocalamus strictus.
    ^^^dl'ct-H. VII.
    p. 404; Watt. III.
    p. 72; ^. Pi. \i. i\\.
    ^a, JTI^%, siig
    (
    To
    ); ^, ^^tff, c5^^e
    3-qi|ri-rl1l^cti^ Wi^^l
    ^umi
    \
    i([
    3 ![li
    S^ll s>i=iwi 3Hl=l S, Mi^ *Kl2? (Volian cl Mo
    na H^ 2ti^ \[^ ill ^^Hi
    <i
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    d't'D ^IH $, MI3i
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    d.
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    ^- M<ii Si^ir{i \iiet cti%i<{i
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    ail
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    3H^
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    ci
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    ^IH 6, ^ cl 'Hft^l aniil ^IH $.
    <His
    Htflcft 3lill ^IH ^. ctH((l ^Vii ^flHiSli
    'flsc^eii ^iH 6. H ail^iKl ^i9H anRi ^m
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    oiia4iHl
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    Ml^lfAi ^IH ^. cl'fl iliil iin ^ ^^q[ aHM'ni-
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    l*l%*Mfili4'l.
    V9\\
    efl^ Is V-^imitffl (llH
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    ^ cini ^^Hi
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    *
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    HK ^ui^ <?i"4H l5li ^iH ?li d^ "{n^lH'HWl
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    HiH-ii MK >>i'H^miH 6. l<HMlct Ml^ wi^ ^"^W-
    i^i ^^l i4i MK^l SM^I^I
    Sf^
    &, iH
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    ani^ ^. Hfe-ii MK <H, 4iu[5il 34^ 6i?(l^
    2tRl cl^> aHMlH . W<-MplHl SSltA'fl H^Hcl
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    5id^9V 'if^ Mi^i ciKl iRtn -Jiil 3H^ U>HiaHl^
    '^l"5fl ^^il^ M^l ^i Hli[ MKKi ^l^l^ -^H-^-
    ^IHcti (i<ni. ^[^i'll iRl 3Ri^1^ aHSlll4 h\'^W
    5iyi4RMi 5H^ limKl '^>Hci maji 3i^h li1i
    >HIH S.
    Mdll
    ."
    (^. ^. ^)
    ^M^ =HMIH ^.
    ^IS^l tli^Kl imM((l 6Stll 3H^ ?ll9ll Mll
    rl'-HlJ^ft^ i^ 6. ci^l SM'IiJI
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    44tlf
    H!4^i
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    niH 6. ciM ci aHl">Hl H^4l l^l^Ml
    MiJl dSl
    d.
    (l^H(li^i-aH H>R=l( Rl^lH 4l25
    <^/l
    Mct'ii t[ f^lai) 'v^i'Jl (is^ciK^i mH 6. ciMi
    "1-Sl 2H^ ^IS'^ =ti?i^
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    ^"Alita =ti^ ^Ul
    an^
    I'iR^ ri^
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    *Hi%
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    (3H^fl eiiQ^ -im BAMBUSA ^>MiMg 6.
    "ii'Jidl (Sm^R Rm ^ ^h ^ \
    "
    Probably
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    \R
    elrl^-qfil^H.
    no plants are more valuable to the
    inhabitants of India than the
    graceful,
    gigantic grasses, popularly
    ami col-
    lectively known as Bamboos."
    onjfl
    <^
    tcwi
    <![
    {m nil ^[l^
    "^iiciiKl
    ili^K^^i
    qi^ Mil "iilsR^.H" (
    iJiiyd
    ^i'l ^'^^<i
    )
    ql^di ^^Kl ^ni 9vA 5ii
    shU'^^ Pif.i'i.
    "The Bamboos, in tropical countries,
    are planted to adorn the landscape,
    as the weeping
    willow is with us; and
    a beautiful lawn, surrounded by Bam-
    boos, such as I have seen in India,
    even though the turf be composed
    chiefly of Cyperoidea?, is one of the
    most
    charming objects in nature."
    (Bpt. Geo.
    Meyen. p. 108).
    cti cHi Ri Misl <nV ^^Is'ft ^i|=iici>{i qwi
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    <^.*
    *
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    rtd
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    wMln
    ii^"=uAl
    ann 5h sMh "^imfA i\.^\ 'rl^f/
    lidib
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    <f/m\
    V1H \!iC-!Hi
    15i'^l^i ^i^iii 6<li. H?fl rlMi^A oftM
    3wi 4rti. n ctn =ii%wi ?itii dsn >aii Mil 'i^icHi
    4rti.
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    M(^IJli*i 'H <r<'3l4twi'll cli%l>ti viilCdh
    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    eiH^Mfiet^**' V9\3
    ^^l, nlW'fl virl, rlMl ci SlM'tRlSilrfl (i^H-
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    ll<V'il (Bamboo Working plan) Kl^i il^li^
    M<2J
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    ani^c-ti rl^fl.
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    & 5, tiw yi^l =ldW cll rtfl
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    Ji^l
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    (
    rhizomes
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    &, n tiy uw<ai Mil 04*4 5. ciH ^ ?l
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    yi?fl %'^ct isT aA^i B.
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    45(1."
    (Ind. Agri. Ag. 1901).
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    \(t-
    '^^
    ^o
    r<^fuvvknwfeVkFhmi0kVkws
    -"
    The Floweridg Plants of Western India." by A. K. Naime. London.
    1894. Rs.lO.
    2'
    3'
    "
    First Book cf Indian Botany." by Proffesor Dauial Oliver, London. 1897.
    Rs. 5.
    "
    Plants of Bombay." by John Graham. Bombay, 1839.
    "
    Flora of British India." by Sir J. D. Hooker. Loudon 1875.
    "
    Bombay Flora." by Dalzell and Gibson. 1861.
    "
    Flora Indica." by W. Roxburgh. Calcutta. 1874. Rs. 5.
    "
    Bombay Gazetteer. " Volume XXV Botany. Bombay, 1886.
    "
    Forest Flora of N. W. and Central India." by Sir D. Brandis, 1874.
    "
    Dictionaiy of the Economic Products of India." by Dr. George Watt.
    Calcutta, 1889.
    "Vegetable Products of the Bombay Presidency." by Sir G. C. M.
    Birdwood. 1865.
    "
    A Hand Book of the Indian Flora." by H. Drur>'. 1869.
    "UsefuU Plants of India." by H. Drury. 1873.
    "
    Icones Plantarum Indiee orientalis." by Wight, 184053.
    "
    Illustrations of Indian Botany." 183353.
    "
    Poisonous Plants of Bombay. By Col. K. R. Kirtikar. Bombay, 1896.
    "Materia Medica of the Hindus." by U. C. Dutt. Calcutta, 1877.
    "Materia Medica of Western India." by W. Dymock. Bombay, 1883. Rs. 10
    "Bombay Materia Medica." by R. N. Khory. Bombay, 1887.
    "
    Prodromus Florte Peninsulas Indis OrientaHs. Vol. I. by Robert Wight
    and G. A. Walker Amott. London, 1834.
    20
    " Bombay Drugs." by Sakharam Arjun. Bombay, 1879.
    5'
    6-
    7'
    8'
    9'
    10'
    11
    12
    13
    14
    IS
    16
    17
    18
    19
    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
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    W^"^-
    -:o:
    2S.
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    i
    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
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    sundara veerraju
    S.V.RAJ U
    New Yorti
    Botan^Ml
    Garden
    Library
    3
    5185
    00235
    1383
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