The Nature & Development of Entrepreneurships it is the term entrepreneur comes from the French and literally

translated means between-taker or go-between. One early example of a go-between is Marco Polo, who
attempted to establish trade route to the Far East. As was the custom, he signed a contract with a money
person (forerunner of todays capitalist to sell his goods. In this time a common contract involved a loan to the
travelling traders at a 25.5 percent rate, including insurance. While the capitalist was a passive risk-bearer, the
travelling traders took on an active role trading, including all the physical and emotional risks. The successful
completion of a journey by the travelling traders, the capitalist took most of the profit (up to 75 percent), while
entrepreneur merchant settled for the remaining 25 percent. In the middle ages, the term entrepreneur was used
to describe both an actor an a person managing large production projects. In the case of a large production
project, the person would not take any risk but would merely manage the project using the resources provided.
A typical entrepreneur in the Middle Ages was the cleric the person in charges of great architectural works such
as castles and fortifications, public buildings or abbeys and cathedrals. The concepts of risk in the notion of
entrepreneurship developed in the 17
th
century, with an entrepreneur being viewed as a person who entered in
the contractual arrangement with the government to perform a service or supply stipulated products. Since the
contract price was fixed, any resulting profit or losses reflected the efforts of the entrepreneurs. One
entrepreneur in this period was John Law, a Frenchman, who was allowed to establish a royal bank, which
eventually evolved into an exclusive franchise to form a trading company in the New World the Mississippi
Company. Unfortunately, this monopoly on French trade led to Laws downfall when he attempted to push its
stock price higher than the value of the companys assets: this eventually led to the collapse of the company.
Finally in the 18
th
century the person with capital was differentiated from one needing capital. The
entrepreneurial role was distinguished from capital providing role. The latter role means present day venture
capitalist. One reason that effect differentiation was industrialization occurring throughout world. Now days the
intention of developed is to changing world. The concepts of innovation and newness an integral part of
entrepreneurships is at the heart of this definition. Indeed, innovation, the act of introducing something news and
it more difficult tasks for an entrepreneurships. It also takes the ability to create and conceptualize but it also
cannot understanding all forces at work environment. The newness can be anything for new product to new
distribution. This ability to innovate is an instinct that distinguished human being from other creatures. The
instinct can be observed throughout history, from Egyptians who designed and build great pyramids from stone
block weighing many tons each to the Apollo lunar module to laser beams. While the tools have changed with
advances in science and technology, the ability to innovate has been present in every civilization. For Robert
Hirisch nature & development of entrepreneur is the proses of creating something different value by devoting the
necessary time and effort, assuming the accompanying financial, psychological, and social risks, and receiving
the resulting rewards of monetary and personal satisfaction. The function of entrepreneur is to reform or
revolutionize the pattern of production by exploiting an intention and more generally untried technologies
possibility for producing new commodity or producing the old one in the new ways, opening new sources of
supply materials to the new outlet for product by reorganizing the new industry. The definition of entrepreneur
has evolved over time as the world economic structure has changed and become more complex. From the
beginning in the Middle Ages where it was used in relations to specific occupations, the entrepreneur has been
refined and broadened include the concepts related to the person rather than occupations. Risk taking,
innovation and creation of wealth are example the criteria had been developed as the new business creation
has evolved. In this concepts, entrepreneur is defined the process creating something new that different with the
valve by devoting the necessary time and effort that accompanying financial, psychic, and social risks and
receiving the result rewards of monetary and personal satisfaction. The study of entrepreneurships has reason
not because it help entrepreneur better fulfill personal need because of economic function of new journey. Lastly
it will increase national income by creating new jobs, entrepreneur act as positive force in economic growth by
serving the bridge between innovation and application. While government give support to basic and applied
research ,greet success in translating the technical innovation to product and services. Entrepreneur and
education have potential essential any attempt to strengthen link to our economic well-being.








Roles Models and Support Systems are the most important factors that influencing entrepreneurs in their career
choices is role model. Role models can be parent, friends, brother and sisters, relatives, teachers or a
successful entrepreneur in the certain company or in this world. Successful entrepreneur are viewed frequently
as model by potential as entrepreneur. Role model can also be supportive capacity as mentors during or after
we set out. Other than that, an entrepreneur needs strong support and advisory system in every stage of the
new phase. This support system is most crucial during the startup phase by provide information, advice and
guidance in any matters as organizational structure, obtaining financial resources, marketing and of economics
or market price entrepreneurships is a social role embedded in social context, the important an entrepreneur
establish connections for support resources early. As initial contacts and connections expand, to form a network
that similar with properties prevalent in a social network density and centrality. The strength this ties between
the entrepreneur and individual network is dependent on the frequency, level and reciprocity to relationships.
The more frequent, the more in depth and the more mutually beneficial a relationships, the stronger and more
durable in the network between the entrepreneur and individual. For Moral Support Network it is important to
establish of friend and family in cheering squad is particularly important if there difficult times and the loneliness
that occur during the entrepreneurial process. Most entrepreneurs indicate their wife or a spouse is the biggest
supporters. All this supporters will encourage understanding during the excessive amount. Friend are also play a
role key in moral support to provides advice that often more honest other than received from other sources,
friends can provide encouragement, understand the situation and also can be our assistance . Entrepreneur can
confide fiend without fear of criticism. Last but not least, relative can also be a strong source of moral support.
For Professional Support Network is additional moral encouragement, the entrepreneur need advice and
counsel throughout the establishment of new venture. All this advice can be obtain from mentor, business
associate, trade associations or personal affiliations. A mentor relationships is excellent method for securing the
needs professional advice is also an additional source of moral support. Mentor is coach, the entrepreneur can
share both problem and success in the expert field. The entrepreneur start finding mentor by preparing the list of
expert in various field or self-employed people such business activities as finance, marketing, accountings, law,
or management. All this can provide from practical how to do advice need in the future. From the list the most
assistance should be selected and acquainted with the nature of business. The selected mentor should be
periodically appraised the progress the business so the relationships will gradually develop. Good source for
advice is obtained through established network business associates. The group can be composed of self-
employed that have an experience on starting business, deal with client or buyers for product or services, expert
such as consultant, lawyers, accountants and supplier the good and services to the journey. Client group
important to cultivate for represent sources of revenue and also be the best advertising. Word of mouth
advertising help to establish business reputation and give the value feedback on the product and services that
being offer. Supplier also important ingredient in the professional support network, to establish credibility with
creditors and customers. The new entrepreneur need to establish solid track record with supplier in order to
build a good relationships and ensure adequate available raw material and other resources. Suppliers can also
provide good information on the nature and trend in the industry for competition. Besides that, mentors and
business associates, trade associations can provide excellent mechanism for professional support network. The
trade association can develop into regional or nation network, and keep up with the new development that will
provide in overall industry data. Finally, personal afflictions of the entrepreneur can form a valuable professional
support system network. Afflictions develop with individual hobbies, sporting event, clubs, civic involvements,
advice and information. Regardless its nature, each entrepreneur needs to establish both moral and a
professional support system network. These contact provide confident, support, advice and information. There is
definite need support to establish supports groups to share problem with and gain over all support for the new
journey.