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Airplane


By Tehman Pervez
What type of forces that act on a plane
Summary
S There are 4 force that act on a plane which helps
plane to fly Drag, Thrust, Lift, Weight. When a
plane is flying Drag = Thrust, Weight = Lift.
Background concepts
S Thrust: thrust is the force that propels a flying machine in the direction of the
motion, engine produce thrust.
S Drag: Drag is the force that act opposite to the direction of motion. Drag is
caused by friction and differences in air pressure.
S Lift: Lift is the force that act at a right angle to the direction of motion through
the air. Lift is created by difference in air pressure.
S Weight: weight is the force of gravity. It acts in a downward direction toward
the center of the earth.
S Gravity: the natural force of attraction exerted by a celestial body, such as
earth, upon object at or near its surface.
S Friction: is a force that resists sliding motion between surfaces that are
touching.

Newtons First Law
SFirst Law: an object at rest or stay in motion with the same speed or
same direction.
Do you know?
When flying at constant attitude
Is thrust and drag are equal, aircraft hold constant airspeed.
If thrust increases?
Aircraft accelerates airspeed increases.
When thrust decreases?
Aircraft decelerates airspeed decreases.
Newton 3, 2 Law
S 3 Law: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. In an
airplane the engine pushing the air behind. The reaction is the
plane moving forward.


S 2 Law: the more mass and object has, the more force you must
apply to make it accelerate to change its speed or direction or
both.
Angle of Attack and Lift
S The angle of the wing on an airplanes body is very importantly
design place the wings at just the correct angle to make as
much lift as possible. This make airplane fly batter and use less
fuel. It also depend on the size of plane and the speed at which
is flies. The amount of lift an plane make depend on the angle of
attack of the wing. The greater angle help move air to flow
under and lift over the wing. This make move lift. If angle is too
big the airflow cannot flow smoothly over the upper slide of the
wing.
Paper plane example
S If you try to fly paper airplane upward at an angle, it flies
farther than If you throw it straight up ahead, the angle of attack
is too big. This cause the airflow to spread out away from the
surface of the wing. The result is that the amount of lift will
decreases and airplane wont fly properly.
How Plane work
S Plane are heaver than air so it must be a combination of forces that allow plane
to fly, Weight, lift produces by Airflow over the wing Thrust produce by the
engine and Drag or air residences. The jet of gases streaming backward
producing forward acting Thrust to produce the Lift the aircraft specially
shaped wings called airfoil. Air passing over then top wings surface travel
further and faster then the air passing under Neath this result in higher
pressure bellow the wing and low pressure or above curtly a lift force which
contract the weight or the aircraft.
9
The forces

drag
w
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Thrust
l
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Angle of Attack


Air flow under the wings this cause lift
L
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Source list
http://guest.portaportal.com/ohsstudent

http://wingsovermars.arc.nasa.gov/angle.html

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aFO4PBolwFg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ltjFEei3AI

https://howthingsfly.si.edu/forces-flight/four-forces