MEMA D4 Regional HMP Final

0
9
1
0
2
.
1
3
MEMA District 4
Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan
FINAL
Plan Design Enable

MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan
FINAL April 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction.....................................................................................SECTION1
PlanningProcess..............................................................................SECTION2
CommunityProfile...........................................................................SECTION3
HazardIdentification.......................................................................SECTION4
HazardProfiles.................................................................................SECTION5
VulnerabilityAssessment.................................................................SECTION6
CapabilityAssessment.....................................................................SECTION7
MitigationStrategy..........................................................................SECTION8
MitigationActionPlan.....................................................................SECTION9
PlanMaintenance..........................................................................SECTION10
CalhounCounty..................................................................................ANNEXA
ChickasawCounty...............................................................................ANNEXB
ChoctawCounty..................................................................................ANNEXC
ClayCounty........................................................................................ANNEXD
LowndesCounty.................................................................................ANNEXE
MonroeCounty...................................................................................ANNEXF

FINAL April 2014
NoxubeeCounty................................................................................ANNEXG
OktibbehaCounty..............................................................................ANNEXH
WebsterCounty...................................................................................ANNEXI
WinstonCounty...................................................................................ANNEXJ
PlanAdoption................................................................................APPENDIXA
PlanningTools................................................................................APPENDIXB
LocalMitigationPlanReviewTool.................................................APPENDIXC
PlanningProcessDocumentation.................................................APPENDIXD
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
FINAL April 2014
1:1
ThissectionprovidesageneralintroductiontotheMississippiEmergencyManagementAgency(MEMA)
District4RegionalHazardMitigationPlan.Itconsistsofthefollowingfivesubsections:
1.1Background
1.2Purpose
1.3Scope
1.4Authority
1.5SummaryofPlanContents
1.1 BACKGROUND
Natural hazards, such as hurricanes, floods, and tornadoes, are a part of the world around us. Their
occurrence is natural and inevitable, and there is little we can do to control their force and intensity.
We must consider these hazards to be legitimate and significant threats to human life, safety, and
property.
The MEMA District 4 Region is located in the eastern part of Mississippi and includes the counties of
Calhoun, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay, Lowndes, Monroe, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Webster, and Winston.
This area is vulnerable to a wide range of natural hazards such as floods, drought, hurricanes, severe
thunderstorms,andwildfires.Itisalsovulnerabletohumancausedhazards,includingchemicalreleases
and hazardous material spills. These hazards threaten the life and safety of residents in the MEMA
District4Regionandhavethepotentialtodamageordestroybothpublicandprivateproperty,disrupt
the local economy, and impact the overall quality of life of individuals who live, work, and vacation in
theMEMADistrict4Region.
While the threat from hazardous events may never be fully eliminated, there is much we can do to
lessentheirpotentialimpactuponourcommunityandourcitizens.Byminimizingtheimpactofhazards
upon our built environment, we can prevent such events from resulting in disasters. The concept and
practiceofreducingriskstopeopleandpropertyfromknownhazardsisgenerallyreferredtoashazard
mitigation.
FEMADefinitionofHazardMitigation:
Anysustainedactiontakentoreduce oreliminatethelongtermrisktohumanlifeand
propertyfromhazards.
Hazard mitigation techniques include both structural measures (such as strengthening or protecting
buildings and infrastructure from the destructive forces of potential hazards) and nonstructural
measures (such as the adoption of sound land use policies and the creation of public awareness
programs). It is widely accepted that the most effective mitigation measures are implemented at the
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
FINAL April 2014
1:2
local government level, where decisions on the regulation and control of development are ultimately
made. A comprehensive mitigation approach addresses hazard vulnerabilities that exist today and in
the foreseeable future. Therefore, it is essential that projected patterns of future development are
evaluatedandconsideredintermsof howthat growthwill increaseordecreaseacommunitysoverall
hazardvulnerability.
A key component in the formulation of a comprehensive approach to hazard mitigation is to develop,

adopt, and update a local hazard mitigation plan as needed. A hazard mitigation plan establishes the
broad community vision and guiding principles for reducing hazard risk, and further proposes specific
mitigationactionstoeliminateorreduceidentifiedvulnerabilities.
EachofthetencountiesparticipatinginthedevelopmentoftheMEMADistrict4HazardMitigationPlan
has an existing hazard mitigation plan that has evolved over the years, as described in Section 2:
Planning Process. This regional plan draws from each of the county plans and documents the regions
sustained efforts to incorporate hazard mitigation principles and practices into routine government
activities and functions. At its core, the Plan recommends specific actions to minimize hazard
vulnerability and protect residents from losses to those hazards that pose the greatest risk. These
mitigationactionsgobeyondsimplyrecommendingstructuralsolutionstoreduceexistingvulnerability,
such as elevation, retrofitting, and acquisition projects. Local policies on community growth and
development, incentives for natural resource protection, and public awareness and outreach activities
are examples of other actions considered to reduce the MEMA District 4 Regions vulnerability to
identifiedhazards.ThePlanremainsalivingdocument,withimplementationandevaluationprocedures
establishedtohelpachievemeaningfulobjectivesandsuccessfuloutcomesovertime.
1.1.1 The Disaster Mitigation Act and the Flood Insurance Reform Act
In an effort to reduce the Nation's mounting natural disaster losses, the U.S. Congress passed the
DisasterMitigationActof2000(DMA2000)inordertoamendtheRobertT.StaffordDisasterReliefand
Emergency Assistance Act. Section 322 of DMA 2000 emphasizes the need for state and local
governmententitiestocloselycoordinateonmitigationplanningactivitiesandmakesthedevelopment
of a hazard mitigation plan a specific eligibility requirement for any local government applying for
federal mitigation grant funds. These funds include the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) and
the PreDisaster Mitigation (PDM) program, both of which are administered by the Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) under the Department of Homeland Security. Communities with an
adoptedandfederallyapprovedhazardmitigationplantherebybecomeprepositionedandmoreaptto
receiveavailablemitigationfundsbeforeandafterthenextdisasterstrikes.
Additionally, the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004 (P.L. 108264) created two new grant programs,
SevereRepetitiveLoss(SRL)andRepetitiveFloodClaim(RFC),andmodifiedtheexistingFloodMitigation
Assistance (FMA) program. One of the requirements of this Act is that a FEMAapproved Hazard
MitigationPlanisnowrequiredifcommunitieswishtobeeligiblefortheseFEMAmitigationprograms.
However,asofmid2013,guidancehasnotbeenreleasedfortheRFCandSRLprogramsanditislikely
thattheseprogramswillbefoldedintoasingle,unifiedFMAprogram.
Inaddition,majorfederalfloodinsurancelegislationwaspassedin2012undertheBiggertWatersFlood
Insurance Reform Act (P.L. 112141). This act made several changes to the way the National Flood
Insurance Program is to be run, including raises in rates to reflect true flood risk and changes in how
FloodInsuranceRateMap(FIRM)updatesimpactpolicyholders.
FINAL April 2014
1:3
The MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan has been prepared in coordination with FEMA
RegionIVandtheMississippiEmergencyManagementAgency(MEMA)toensurethatthePlanmeetsall
applicable FEMA and state requirements for hazard mitigation plans. A Local Mitigation Plan Review
Tool,foundinAppendixC,providesasummaryoffederalandstateminimumstandardsandnotes the
locationwhereeachrequirementismetwithinthePlan.
1.2 PURPOSE
ThepurposeoftheMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationPlanisto:
MergetheexistingCalhoun,Chickasaw,Choctaw,Clay,Lowndes,Monroe,Noxubee,Oktibbeha,
Webster,andWinstonCountyhazardmitigationplansintooneregionalplan;
Completeupdateofexistingplanstodemonstrateprogressandreflectcurrentconditions;
Increasepublicawarenessandeducation;
Maintaingranteligibilityforparticipatingjurisdictions;
UpdateplansinaccordancewithCommunityRatingSystem(CRS)requirements;and
Maintaincompliancewithstateandfederallegislativerequirementsforlocalhazardmitigation
plans.
1.3 SCOPE
ThefocusoftheMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationPlanisonthosehazardsdeterminedtobe
highormoderateriskstotheMEMADistrict4Region,asdeterminedthroughadetailedhazardrisk
assessment. Other hazards that pose a low or negligible risk will also be evaluated, but they may
not be fully addressed until they are determined to be of high or moderate risk. This enables the
participating jurisdictions to prioritize mitigation actions based on those hazards which are understood
topresentthegreatestrisktolivesandproperty.
The geographic scope (i.e., the planning area) for the Plan includes ten counties and thirtysix
incorporatedjurisdictions.Table1.1liststheparticipatingareas.
FINAL April 2014
1:4
TABLE1.1:PARTICIPATINGJURISDICTIONSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4
REGIONALHAZARDMITIGATIONPLAN
CalhounCounty MonroeCounty
BigCreek Bruce Aberdeen Amory
CalhounCity Derma Gattman Hatley
Pittsboro SlateSprings Smithville
Vardaman NoxubeeCounty
ChickasawCounty Brooksville Macon
Houston NewHoulka Shuqualak
Okolona Woodland OktibbehaCounty
ChoctawCounty Maben Starkville
Ackerman FrenchCamp Sturgis
Weir WebsterCounty
ClayCounty Eupora Mantee
WestPoint Mathiston Walthall
LowndesCounty WinstonCounty
Artesia Caledonia Louisville Noxapater
Columbus Crawford
1.4 AUTHORITY
The MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan has been developed in accordance with current
stateandfederalrulesandregulationsgoverninglocalhazardmitigationplansandhasbeenadoptedby
eachparticipatingcountyandlocaljurisdictioninaccordancewithstandardlocalprocedures.Copiesof
theadoptionresolutionsforeachparticipatingjurisdictionareprovidedinAppendixA.ThePlanshallbe
routinely monitored and revised to maintain compliance with the following provisions, rules, and
legislation:
Section 322, Mitigation Planning, of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency
AssistanceAct,asenactedbySection104oftheDisasterMitigationActof2000(P.L.106390);
FEMA'sMitigationPlanningFinalRulepublishedintheFederalRegisteronSeptember16,2009,
at44CFRPart201;
FloodInsurance Reform Actof2004 (P.L.108264)andBiggertWatersFloodInsurance Reform
Actof2012 (P.L.112141).
1.5 SUMMARY OF PLAN CONTENTS
ThecontentsofthisPlanaredesignedandorganizedtobeasreaderfriendlyandfunctionalaspossible.
Whilesignificantbackgroundinformationisincludedontheprocessesusedandstudiescompleted(i.e.,
risk assessment, capability assessment), this information is separated from the more meaningful
planningoutcomesoractions(i.e.,mitigationstrategy,mitigationactionplan).
FINAL April 2014
1:5
Section 2, Planning Process, provides a complete narrative description of the process used to prepare
the Plan. This includes the identification of participants on the planning team and describes how the
public and other stakeholders were involved. It also includes a detailed summary for each of the key
meetingsheld,alongwithanyassociatedoutcomes.
The Community Profile, located in Section 3, provides a general overview of the MEMA District 4
Region, including prevalent geographic, demographic, and economic characteristics. In addition,
building characteristics and land use patterns are discussed. This baseline information provides a
snapshot of the planning area and helps local officials recognize those social, environmental, and
economicfactorsthatultimatelyplayaroleindeterminingtheregionsvulnerabilitytohazards.
TheRiskAssessmentispresentedinthreesections: Section4,HazardIdentification;Section5,Hazard
Profiles; and Section 6, Vulnerability Assessment. Together, these sections serve to identify, analyze,
andassesshazardsthatposeathreattotheMEMADistrict4Region.Theriskassessmentalsoattempts
to define any hazard risksthat may uniquely or exclusively affect specific areas of the MEMA District 4
Region.
The Risk Assessment begins by identifying hazards that threaten the MEMA District 4 Region. Next,
detailed profiles are established for each hazard, building on available historical data from past hazard
occurrences, spatial extent, and probability of future occurrence. This section culminates in a hazard
risk ranking based on conclusions regarding the frequency of occurrence, spatial extent, and potential
impacthighlightedineachofthehazardprofiles.Inthevulnerabilityassessment,FEMAsHAZUS
MH
loss
estimation methodology is used to evaluate known hazard risks by their relative longterm cost in
expecteddamages.Inessence,theinformationgeneratedthroughtheriskassessmentservesacritical
function as the MEMA District 4 Region seeks to determine the most appropriate mitigation actions to
pursue and implementenabling it to prioritize and focus its efforts on those hazards of greatest
concernandthosestructuresorplanningareasfacingthegreatestrisk(s).
The Capability Assessment, found in Section 7, provides a comprehensive examination of the MEMA
District 4 Regions capacity to implement meaningful mitigation strategies and identifies opportunities
to increase and enhance that capacity. Specific capabilities addressed in this section include planning
and regulatory capability, staff and organizational (administrative) capability, technical capability, fiscal
capability, and political capability. Information was obtained through the use of a detailed survey
questionnaireandaninventoryandanalysisofexistingplans,ordinances,andrelevantdocuments.The
purpose of this assessment is to identify any existing gaps, weaknesses, or conflicts in programs or
activitiesthatmayhindermitigationeffortsandtoidentifythoseactivitiesthatshouldbebuiltuponin
establishingasuccessfulandsustainablelocalhazardmitigationprogram.
The Community Profile, Risk Assessment, and Capability Assessment collectively serve as a basis for
determiningthegoalsfortheMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationPlan,eachcontributingtothe
development,adoption,andimplementationofameaningfulandmanageableMitigationStrategythat
isbasedonaccuratebackgroundinformation.
TheMitigationStrategy,foundinSection8,consistsofbroadgoalstatementsaswellasananalysisof
hazard mitigation techniques for the MEMA District 4 Region to consider in reducing hazard
vulnerabilities. The strategy provides the foundation for a detailed Mitigation Action Plan, found in
Section 9, which links specific mitigation actions for each county department or agency to locally
assigned implementation mechanisms and target completion dates. Together, these sections are
FINAL April 2014
1:6
designedtomakethePlanbothstrategic,throughtheidentificationoflongtermgoals,andfunctional,
through the identification of immediate and shortterm actions that will guide daytoday decision
makingandprojectimplementation.
Inadditiontotheidentificationandprioritizationofpossiblemitigationprojects,emphasisisplacedon
theuseofprogramandpolicyalternativestohelpmaketheMEMADistrict4Regionlessvulnerableto
the damagingforcesofhazardswhile improving theeconomic, social,andenvironmentalhealthofthe
community.Theconceptofmultiobjectiveplanningwasemphasizedthroughouttheplanningprocess,
particularly in identifying ways to link, where possible, hazard mitigation policies and programs with
complimentary community goals related to disaster recovery, housing, economic development,
recreationalopportunities,transportationimprovements,environmentalquality,landdevelopment,and
publichealthandsafety.
PlanMaintenance,foundinSection10,includesthemeasuresthattheMEMADistrict4Regionwilltake
toensurethePlanscontinuouslongtermimplementation.Theproceduresalsoincludethemannerin
which the Plan will be regularly evaluated and updated to remain a current and meaningful planning
document.
Countyspecific Annexes have been created for each of the Counties participating in this plan. Each
Annex contains information relevant to the County and the participating municipal jurisdictions in the
County. Information included in each Countylevel Annex includes Community Profile, Risk Assessment
and Capability Assessment information. The Mitigation Actions identified for that County and its
municipaljurisdictionsarealsoincludedintheCountysAnnex.ThisallowseachCountyandjurisdiction
toquicklylocatetheinformationcontainedintheplanthatismostrelevantforthem.
SECTION 2
PLANNING PROCESS
FINAL April 2014
2:1
This section describes the planning process undertaken by the Mississippi Emergency Management
Agency (MEMA) District 4 counties and jurisdictions in the development of its 2013 Regional Hazard
MitigationPlan.Itconsistsofthefollowingeightsubsections:
2.1OverviewofHazardMitigationPlanning
2.2HistoryofHazardMitigationPlanningintheMEMADistrict4Region
2.3Preparingthe2013Plan
2.4TheMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationCouncil
2.5CommunityMeetingsandWorkshops
2.6InvolvingthePublic
2.7InvolvingtheStakeholders
2.8DocumentationofPlanProgress
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(1):Theplanshallincludedocumentationoftheplanningprocessusedtodeveloptheplan,
includinghowitwasprepared,whowasinvolvedintheprocessandhowthepublicwasinvolved.
2.1 OVERVIEW OF HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING
Local hazard mitigation planning is the process of organizing community resources, identifying and
assessing hazard risks, and determining how to best minimize or manage those risks. This process
culminates in a hazard mitigation plan that identifies specific mitigation actions, each designed to
achievebothshorttermplanningobjectivesandalongtermcommunityvision.
To ensure the functionality of a hazard mitigation plan, responsibility is assigned for each proposed
mitigation action to a specific individual, department, or agency along with a schedule or target
completion date for its implementation (see Section 10: Plan Maintenance). Plan maintenance
procedures are established for the routine monitoring of implementation progress, as well as the
evaluation and enhancement of the mitigation plan itself. These plan maintenance procedures ensure
that the Plan remains a current, dynamic, and effective planning document over time that becomes
integratedintotheroutinelocaldecisionmakingprocess.
Communities that participate in hazard mitigation planning have the potential to accomplish many
benefits,including:
savinglivesandproperty,
savingmoney,
speedinguprecoveryfollowingdisasters,
SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS
FINAL April 2014
2:2
reducing future vulnerability through wise development and postdisaster recovery and
reconstruction,
expeditingthereceiptofpredisasterandpostdisastergrantfunding,and
demonstratingafirmcommitmenttoimprovingcommunityhealthandsafety.
Typically, mitigation planning is described as having the potential to produce longterm and recurring
benefitsbybreakingtherepetitivecycleofdisasterloss.Acoreassumptionofhazardmitigationisthat
the investments made before a hazard event will significantly reduce the demand for postdisaster
assistance by lessening the need for emergency response, repair, recovery, and reconstruction.
Furthermore, mitigation practices will enable local residents, businesses, and industries to reestablish
themselves in the wake of a disaster, getting the community economy back on track sooner and with
lessinterruption.
The benefits of mitigation planning go beyond solely reducing hazard vulnerability. Measures such as
theacquisitionorregulationoflandinknownhazardareascanhelpachievemultiplecommunitygoals,
such as preserving open space, maintaining environmental health, and enhancing recreational
opportunities.Thus,itisvitallyimportantthatanylocalmitigationplanningprocessbeintegratedwith
other concurrent local planning efforts, and any proposed mitigation strategies must take into account
other existing community goals or initiatives that will help complement or hinder their future
implementation.
2.2 HISTORY OF HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING IN MEMA DISTRICT 4

REGION
Each of the counties and jurisdictions participating in this Plan has a previously adopted hazard
mitigationplan.TheFEMAapprovaldatesforeachoftheseplans,alongwithalistoftheparticipating
municipalitiesforeachplan,arelistedbelow:
Calhoun County Three Rivers Planning and Development District Natural Hazard Mitigation
Plan(November2010)
BigCreek
Bruce
CalhounCity
Derma
Pittsboro
SlateSprings
Vardaman
Chickasaw County Three Rivers Planning and Development District Natural Hazard Mitigation
Plan(November2010)
Houston
NewHoulka
Okolona
Choctaw County Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Golden Triangle Planning and
DevelopmentDistrict(January2009)
FINAL April 2014
2:3
Ackerman
FrenchCamp
Weir
Clay County Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Golden Triangle Planning and Development
District(July2009)
WestPoint
Lowndes County Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Golden Triangle Planning and
DevelopmentDistrict(September2009)
Artesia
Caledonia
Columbus
Crawford
MonroeCountyThreeRiversPlanningandDevelopmentDistrictNaturalHazardMitigationPlan
(November2010)
Aberdeen
Amory
Gattman
Hatley
Smithville
Noxubee County Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Golden Triangle Planning and
DevelopmentDistrict(February2009)
Brooksville
Macon
Shuqualak
Oktibbeha County Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Golden Triangle Planning and
DevelopmentDistrict(March2009)
Maben
Starkville
Sturgis
Webster County Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Golden Triangle Planning and
Eupora
Mantee
Mathiston
Walthall
Winston County Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Golden Triangle Planning and
Louisville
Noxapater

FINAL April 2014
2:4
Eachoftheseplanswasdevelopedusingthemultijurisdictionalplanningprocessrecommendedbythe
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). For this plan, all of the aforementioned jurisdictions
have joined to form a regional plan. No new jurisdictions have joined the process and all of the
jurisdictions that participated in previous planning efforts have participated in the development of this
regionalplan.Theprocessofmergingalloftheaboveplansintothisregionalplanisdescribedinmore
detailbelow.
2.3 PREPARING THE 2013 PLAN
Localhazard mitigationplansarerequiredto be updatedeveryfiveyearstoremain eligibleforfederal

mitigation funding. To simplify planning efforts for the jurisdictions in the MEMA District 4 Region,
MEMA officials worked with each County to ask them to join together to create the MEMA District 4
Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan. This allows resources to be shared amongst the participating
jurisdictionsandeasestheadministrativedutiesofalloftheparticipantsbycombiningthetenexisting
countylevelplansintoonemultijurisdictionalplan.
Topreparethe2013MEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationPlan,MEMAhiredAtkinsasanoutside
consultant to provide professional mitigation planning services. Atkins also enlisted AWG as a
subcontractor for the project. To meet requirements of the Community Rating System, the planning
process was facilitated under the direction of a professional planner. Nathan Slaughter from Atkins
served as the lead planner for this project and is a member of the American Institute of Certified
Planners(AICP).
Perthecontractualscopeofwork,theAtkinsconsultingteamfollowedthemitigationplanningprocess
recommendedbyFEMA intheLocal MultiHazard MitigationPlanning Guidance
1
.The LocalMitigation
Plan Review Tool, found in Appendix C, provides a summary of FEMAs current minimum standards of
acceptability for compliance with DMA 2000 and notes the location where each requirement is met
withinthisPlan.ThesestandardsarebaseduponFEMAsFinalRuleaspublishedintheFederalRegister
onSeptember16,2009inPart201oftheCodeofFederalRegulations(CFR).
Althougheachparticipatingjurisdictionhadalreadydevelopedahazardmitigationplaninthepast,the
combinationofthetencountylevelplansintooneregionalplanstillrequiredmakingsomeplanupdate
revisions based on FEMAs Local MultiHazard Mitigation Planning Guidance. Since all sections of the
regional plan are technically new, plan update requirements do not apply. However, since this is the
first regional plan among the jurisdictions, key elements from the previous approved plans are
referencedthroughoutthedocument(e.g.,existingactions)andrequiredadiscussionofchangesmade.
For example, all of the risk assessment elements needed to be updated to include most recent
information.Itwasalsonecessarytoformulateasinglesetofgoalsfortheregion,buttheywerebased
on previously determined goals (Section 8: Mitigation Strategy). The Capability Assessment section
includes updated information for all of the participating jurisdictions and the Mitigation Action Plan
providesimplementationstatusupdatesforalloftheactionsidentifiedinthepreviousplans.
TheprocessusedtopreparethisPlanincludedtwelvemajorstepsthatwerecompletedoverthecourse
of approximately nine months beginning in March 2013. Each of these planning steps (illustrated in
Figure2.1)resultedincriticalworkproductsandoutcomesthatcollectivelymakeupthePlan.Specific
plansectionsarefurtherdescribedinSection1:Introduction.

1
A copy of the negotiated contractual scope of work between MEMA and Atkins is available through MEMA upon request.

FINAL April 2014
2:5
Over the past five years, each participating jurisdiction has been actively working to implement their
existing plans. This is documented in the Mitigation Action Plan through the implementation status
updates for each of the Mitigation Actions. The Capability Assessment also documents changes and
improvementsinthecapabilitiesofeachparticipatingjurisdictiontoimplementtheMitigationStrategy.
FIGURE2.1:MITIGATIONPLANNINGPROCESSFORTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
2.4 THE MEMA DISTRICT 4 REGIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION COUNCIL
In order to guide the development of this Plan, the counties in MEMA District 4 (Calhoun, Chickasaw,
Choctaw, Clay, Lowndes, Monroe, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Webster and Winston) and representatives
fromtheirparticipatingmunicipaljurisdictionscreatedtheMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigation
Council(RHMC).TheRHMCrepresentsacommunitybasedplanningteam madeupofrepresentatives
from various county departments and municipalities and other key stakeholders identified to serve as
criticalpartnersintheplanningprocess.
Beginning in March 2013, the RHMC members engaged in regular discussions as well as local planning
workshops to discuss and complete tasks associated with preparing the Plan. This working group
coordinatedonallaspectsofplanpreparationandprovidedvaluableinputtotheprocess.Inadditionto
FINAL April 2014
2:6
regularmeetings,committeemembersroutinelycommunicatedandwerekeptinformedthroughane
maildistributionlist.
Specifically,thetasksassignedtotheRHMCmembersincluded:
participateinRHMCmeetingsandworkshops
providebestavailabledataasrequiredfortheRiskAssessmentportionofthePlan
helpreviewthelocalCapabilityAssessmentinformationandprovidecopiesofanymitigationor
hazardrelateddocumentsforreviewandincorporationintothePlan
support the development of the Mitigation Strategy, including the design and adoption of
regionalgoalstatements
help design and propose appropriate mitigation actions for their department/agency for
incorporationintotheMitigationActionPlan
reviewandprovidetimelycommentsonallstudyfindingsanddraftplandeliverables
supporttheadoptionofthe2013MEMADistrict4HazardMitigationPlan
Table2.1liststhemembersoftheRHMCwhowereresponsibleforparticipatinginthedevelopmentof
thePlan.Councilmembersarelistedinalphabeticalorderbylastname.
TABLE2.1:MEMBERSOFTHEMEMADISTRICT4
REGIONALHAZARDMITIGATIONCOUNCIL
NAME/TITLE DEPARTMENT/AGENCY
Benson,Jackie/CityClerk Aberdeen
Berry,Christina/CityPlanner CityofColumbus
Blissard,Kerrie/DeputyEMADirector ClayCounty/WestPoint
Britt,Jim/EMADirector OktibbehaCounty
Campanella,Kristen/DeputyEMADirector OktibbehaCounty
Culpepper,Charles/BuildingInspector LowndesCounty
Dunagin,Mike/EMADirector CalhounCounty
Goodman,Al/Owner AWGConsulting,LLC
Goza,RobertBunky/EMADirector MonroeCounty
Griffin,Linda/CDDirector ChickasawCounty
Hilbun,Anne/ExtensionAssociate MississippiStateUniversity
James,Joanna/Clerk,AssistantEMADirector Derma
Kibler,Bill/VPSA MississippiStateUniversity
Kilgore,Ben/TownMarshall Caledonia
King,Buddy/EMADirector WinstonCounty
King,Mike/CountyAdministrator MonroeCounty
Lawrence,Cindy/EMADirector LowndesCounty
Littlefield,Johnny/EMADirector ClayCounty
Love,Richard/DeputyEMADirector WebsterCounty
McKinney,Carolyn/MitigationPlanner MEMA
FINAL April 2014
2:7
NAME/TITLE DEPARTMENT/AGENCY
McKnight,Brent/CDDirector ChoctawCounty
Miller,Patrick/ExtensionAssociate MississippiStateUniversity
Moore,Brad NoxubeeCounty
Pharr,Tracy/AreaCoordinator MEMA
Rendon,Andrew/AssistantDean MississippiStateUniversity
Rushing,Barry/CDDirector WebsterCounty
Scott,Kenneth/PoliceChief Vardaman
Slaughter,Nathan/ProjectManager Atkins
Turner,Walt/Mayor Sturgis
Wiegel,Kenny/BuildingOfficial Columbus
Some of the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council Members listed above were designated to represent
morethanonejurisdiction.Specifically:
Mike Dunagin represented Calhoun County and the Village of Big Creek, Town of Calhoun City,
VillageofPittsboro,TownofBruceandtheVillageofSlateSprings
LindaGriffinrepresentedChickasawCountyandtheCityofHouston,TownofNewHoulka,City
ofOkolona,andtheVillageofWoodland
JimBrittrepresentedOktibbehaCountyandtheCityofStarkvilleandtheTownofMaben
Brent McKnight represented Choctaw County and Town of Ackerman, Town of French Camp,
andtheTownofWeir
Cindy Lawrence represented Lowndes County and the Town of Artesia and the Town of
Crawford
Robert Bunky Goza represented Monroe County and the City of Amory, Village of Gattman,
TownofHatley,andtheTownofSmithville
Brad Moore represented Noxubee County and the Town of Brooksville, City of Macon and the
TownofShuqualak
Barry Rushing and Richard Love represented Webster County and City of Eupora, Village of
Mantee,TownofMathisonandtheVillageofWalthall
BuddyKingrepresentedWinstonCountyandtheCityofLouisvilleandtheTownofNoxapater
ThisauthorizedrepresentationisdocumentedinsignedlettersthatwereprovidedtoMEMAfromeach
ofthesejurisdictionsthatdesignatedthesepersonsastheirrepresentatives.Copiesoftheseletterscan
beobtainedbycontactingMEMA.
Additionalparticipationandinputfromotheridentifiedstakeholdersandthegeneralpublicwassought
bytheMEMADistrict4countiesduringtheplanningprocessthroughphonecallsandthedistributionof
emails,advertisementsandpublicnoticesaimedatinformingpeopleofthedevelopmentoftheHazard
MitigationPlan(publicandstakeholderinvolvementisfurtherdiscussedlaterinthissection).
2.4.1 MultiJurisdictional Participation
The MEMA District 4 Hazard Mitigation Plan includes ten counties and thirtysix incorporated
municipalities. To satisfy multijurisdictional participation requirements, each county and its
participatingjurisdictionswererequiredtoperformthefollowingtasks:
FINAL April 2014
2:8
Participateinmitigationplanningworkshops;
Identifycompleted/newmitigationprojects,ifapplicable;and
Developandadopt(orupdate)theirlocalMitigationActionPlan.
Each jurisdiction participated in the planning process and has developed a local Mitigation Action Plan
unique to their jurisdiction. Each jurisdiction will adopt their Mitigation Action Plan separately. This
providesthemeansforjurisdictionstomonitorandupdatetheirPlanonaregularbasis.
2.5 COMMUNITY MEETINGS AND WORKSHOPS
The preparation of this Plan required a series of meetings and workshops for facilitating discussion,
gainingconsensusandinitiatingdatacollectioneffortswithlocalgovernmentstaff,communityofficials,
and other identified stakeholders. More importantly, the meetings and workshops prompted
continuous input and feedback from relevant participants throughout the drafting stages of the Plan.
The following is a summary of the key meetings and community workshops held during the
developmentoftheplanupdate.
2
Inmanycases,routinediscussionsandadditionalmeetingswereheld
bylocalstafftoaccomplishplanningtasksspecifictotheirdepartmentoragency,suchastheapproval
ofspecificmitigationactionsfortheirdepartmentoragencytoundertakeandincludeintheMitigation
ActionPlan.
ProjectKickoffMeeting
April24,2013
Starkville,MS
Immediately following the contractual Notice to

Proceed, Atkins staff arranged for a project kickoff meeting. The MEMA District 4 Area Coordinator
helpedtoarrangea meetinglocation. Anemailwasdistributed whichinvitedrepresentativesfromthe
participating counties and municipalities, external stakeholders, and other local organizations to the
meeting. The regional participants are collectively known as the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council
(RHMC or Council). The meeting was held at Mississippi State University and several university
representativesalsoattended.
Nathan Slaughter, Project Manager from project

consultant Atkins began the meeting by welcoming the
attendeesandgivingabriefoverviewoftheprojectand
the purpose of the meeting. He began by having
attendees introduce themselves. Mr. Slaughter then
provided an overview of the items to be discussed at
the meeting and briefly reviewed each of the handouts
that were distributed in the meeting packets (agenda,
publicsurvey,andpresentationslides).Hethendefined
mitigation and gave an overview of the Disaster
Mitigation Act of 2000 and potential funding sources
whichmaybeutilizedformitigationprojectsorrequire

2
Copies of agendas, sign-in sheets, minutes, and handout materials for all meetings and workshops can be found in Appendix D.

April24,2013MEMADistrict4RHMCMeeting

FINAL April 2014
2:9
a FEMAapproved mitigation plan for eligibility. Mr. Slaughter also asked attendees if any had worked
withmitigationgrantfundsandthreeattendeesconfirmedthattheyhad.
Followingtheintroductionsandoverview,Mr.Slaughterledthegroup
inanicebreakerexercisetointroducemeetingparticipantstovarious
mitigation techniques and to help determine which techniques are of
mostinteresttoRHMCmembers.Hebrieflyexplainedthesixdifferent
categories of mitigation techniques: emergency services; prevention;
natural resource protection; structural projects; public education and
awareness; and property protection. Each attendee was then given
$20 million in mock currency and asked to spend their mitigation
money as they personally deemed appropriate among the six
mitigationcategories.Moneywasspentbyplacingitincupslabeled
with each of the mitigation techniques. Upon completion of the
exercise, Mr.Slaughterstatedthattheresultswouldbetabulatedand
sharedwiththegroupatthenextmeetingtohelpformulatemitigation
actions.
Following the icebreaker exercise, Mr. Slaughter discussed the key objectives of the planning process
andpresentedalistoftheparticipatingjurisdictionsfortheregionalplan.Mr.Slaughterthenexplained
themitigationplanningprocessandspecifictaskstobeaccomplishedforthisproject,includingtherisk
assessment, capability assessment, mitigation strategy, mitigation action plan and plan maintenance
procedures.Keyobjectivesinclude:
MergethetenCountyplansintooneregionalplan;
Completeupdateofexistingplanstodemonstrateprogressandreflectcurrentconditions;
Increasepublicawarenessandeducation;
Maintaingranteligibilityforparticipatingjurisdictions;and
MaintaincompliancewithStateandFederalrequirements.
Ms. Cunningham, Atkins Risk Assessment Specialist, spoke briefly regarding the risk assessment during
the detailed project overview. She talked about the major components of the risk assessment (hazard
identification,assessment/profiling,andvulnerability).Shethenreviewedthehazardspresentedinthe
contract which were all natural hazards. Ms. Cunningham encouraged the Council to look beyond just
natural hazards and asked if there were any additional hazards that the Council would like addressed.
The group voted to include hazardous materials and pandemic (due to the number of chicken farms in
the area). Lastly, Ms. Cunningham presented slides on how the regional maps and data would be
presentedintheplan,emphasizingadetailedriskassessmentforeachjurisdiction.
Mr. Slaughter presented the project schedule and noted that the yearlong schedule provided ample
time to produce a quality plan, meet state and federal deadlines, and allow for review by local, state,
andfederalofficials.
The project staffing chart was also presented to demonstrate the number of experienced individuals
thatwillbeworkingonthisproject.Mr.SlaughterthenreviewedtherolesandresponsibilitiesofAtkins,
the County leads, and the participating jurisdictions. The presentation concluded with a discussion of
the next steps to be taken in the project development. He encouraged meeting participants to
IcebreakerExercise
FINAL April 2014
2:10
distribute the Public Participation Survey and stated that an internet link would provided to the online
version of the survey. He requested that the link be placed on County and municipal websites and
shared with other local stakeholders. It was also noted that local GIS analysts would be contacted to
obtainavailablelocaldata.
Following the meeting, Mr. Slaughter solicited questions from the group. Several were raised which
wereaddressedbyMEMAandAtkinsasappropriate:
Q: Explaintheregionalnatureoftheplan.
A: Syncing plans in a general area allows those participating jurisdictions to share resources. It
helpsMEMAandFEMAbyreducingtheinflowofhazardmitigationplansatvarioustimes.Italso
allows participating jurisdictions to learn from each others strategies and to plan together for
potential events where response, recovery, mitigation, and preparedness may require
collaboration.
Q: Doesthepublicsurveyreleaseconfidentialorsensitiveinformation?
A: The contents were reviewed based on the handout provided. Once detailed questions were
discussed,andthenatureclarified,thesensitivityofitwasnolongeraconcern.
FINAL April 2014
2:11
MitigationStrategyMeeting
June26,2013
Mr.Slaughterinitiatedthemeetingwithareviewofthemeetinghandouts, whichincludedanagenda,
proposedgoalsfortheregionalplan,mitigationactionsfromeachcountysexistingplan,andmitigation
actionworksheetsfornewmitigation actions. Mr. Slaughterreviewedtheprojectscheduleandstated
thatadraftoftheHazardMitigationPlanwouldbepresentedtotheRegionalHazardMitigationCouncil
inSeptember2013.
He then gave the results of the icebreaker exercise from the first Regional Hazard Mitigation Council
meeting,whereattendeesweregivenmoneytospendonvarioushazardmitigationtechniques.The
resultswereasfollows:
EmergencyServices $148
Prevention $83
PropertyProtection $49
PublicEducation $45
StructuralProjects $45
NaturalResourceProtection $27
Mr. Slaughter then presented the findings of the risk assessment. He reviewed the process for
preparing Hazard Profiles. He explained how each hazard falls into one of four basic categories:
Atmospheric,Hydrologic,Geologic,andOther,andeachmustbeevaluatedandformallyruledoutifitis
notapplicabletothestudyarea,evenwhereitseemsobvious(suchasinthecaseofvolcano).
Mr. Slaughter reviewed the Hazard Profiles and the following bullets summarize the information
presented:
FLOOD. There have been 131 flood events recorded in the MEMA District 4 Region since 1995,
resulting in $15.5 million in property damage. There have been 1,447 NFIP losses since 1978 and
approximately$7.67millioninclaims.148repetitivelosspropertiesintheregionaccountfor442of
therecordedlossesand$3.85millionoftheclaims.Thereare2SevereRepetitiveLossproperties.
Futureoccurrencesarelikely.
EROSION. Erosion was not included in any of the previous plans. Flood damage prevention
ordinances may include measures to limit erosion. There is no known GIS data for mapping
vulnerability and no information found about previous occurrences. Future occurrences are
possible.
DAM FAILURE. There are 412 dams in the Region, 21 of which are classified as high hazard dams.
Therehavebeennoreportedbreachesandfutureoccurrencesareunlikely.
WINTERSTORM.Therehavebeen66 recordedwintereventsin theRegionsince1994resulting in

$6.1millioninreportedpropertydamages.Futureoccurrencesarelikely.

FINAL April 2014
2:12
DROUGHT.Therewerefiveyearsoutofthepasttwelvewheredroughtconditionswerereportedto
besevere,extremeorexceptionalintheRegion.Futureoccurrencesarelikely.
EXTREME HEAT. There have been 8 recorded extreme heat events in the region since 2005. There
hasbeen1reporteddeath.Futureoccurrenceslikely.
WILDFIRE. At the time of the meeting, data requested from the MS Forestry Commission had not
yetbeenprovided.
EARTHQUAKES. There has been 1 recorded earthquake events in the Region. It was a 3.4
magnitudereportedinCalhounCity.Futureoccurrencesareunlikely.
LANDSLIDE.TherehasbeennoextensivehistoryoflandslidesinMississippi.Futureoccurrencesare
unlikely.
SINKHOLE. There is no significant historical record of sinkholes or land subsidence in Mississippi.

Futureoccurrencesareunlikely.
HURRICANE AND TROPICAL STORM. NOAA data shows that 38 storm tracks have come within 75
miles of the Region since 1850. Eight of those storms were hurricanes and the remaining 30 were
tropicalstorms.Futureoccurrencesarelikely.
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WINDS. There have been 1,227 severe thunderstorm events since 1955
with$82.1millioninreportedpropertydamages.Futureoccurrencesarehighlylikely.
HAILSTORM.Therehavebeen632recordedhaileventssince1957.Hailstoneshaverangedinsize
from.5inchto3inches.Futureoccurrencesarelikely.
LIGHTNING. There have been 19 recorded lightning events since 1996, causing at least one death
and$2.1millioninreportedpropertydamages.Futureoccurrencesarehighlylikely.
TORNADOES. There have been 202 recorded tornado events in the Region since 1950. $387.4
million in property damages and 42 deaths and 434 injuries have been reported. Future
occurrencesarelikely.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENTS. At the time of this presentation, information was still being
collected related to Hazmat incidents. Regional Hazard Mitigation Council members provided
information about various areas of concern regarding hazardous materials facilities (add TennTom
WaterwayandarailwaylinefromMonroetoLowndes).Thisinformationwasincorporatedintothe
Risk Assessment sections of the Plan. It was determined that fixed and mobile Hazmat
vulnerabilities would be mapped and included in the plan but it will also be noted that there are
detailed separate plans for hazardous materials incidents that contain more of a comprehensive
assessmentofthishazard.
In concluding the review of Hazard Profiles, Mr. Slaughter stated that if anyone had additional
information for the hazard profiles, or disagreed with any of the data presented, they should call or
emailhimwiththeirconcerns.
FINAL April 2014
2:13
RegionalHazardMitigationCouncilmembershadthefollowingrequestsoftheconsultantteam:
Theywantedtoreviewthelistofdamsfortheregion.Theyfeltthatthedatawasoutdatedor
incorrect.
TheywantedtoreviewthelistofHazmatfacilitiesobtainedbytheprojectconsultanttoensure
itsaccuracy.
TheresultsofthehazardidentificationprocesswereusedtogenerateaPriorityRiskIndex(PRI),which
categorizesandprioritizespotentialhazardsashigh,moderateorlowriskbasedonprobability,impact,
spatialextent,warningtime,andduration.ThehighestPRIwasassignedtoSevereThunderstorms/High
Winds, Tornado, Flood and Hailstorm. After reviewing the findings of the PRI, the Regional Hazard
MitigationCouncilmembersvotedtomoveWinterStorms/FreezestotheHighRiskcategory.
Mr. Slaughter then presented the Capability Assessment Findings. Atkins has developed a scoring
systemthatwasusedtoranktheparticipatingjurisdictionsintermsofcapabilityinfourmajorareasof
capability(PlanningandRegulatory;AdministrativeandTechnical;Fiscal;Political).Importantcapability
indicators include National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) participation, Building Code Effective
GradingSchedule(BCEGS)score,CommunityRatingSystem(CRS)participation,andtheLocalCapability
AssessmentSurveyconductedbyAtkins.
Mr. Slaughter reviewed the Relevant Plans and Ordinances, Relevant Staff/Personnel Resources, and
Relevant Fiscal Resources. All of these categories were used to rate the overall capability of the
participating counties and jurisdictions. Most jurisdictions are in the limited range for Planning and
Regulatory Capability and Fiscal Capability. There is variation between the jurisdictions for
AdministrativeandTechnicalCapability,mainlywithrespecttoavailabilityofplannersandgrantwriters.
BaseduponthescoringmethodologydevelopedbyAtkins,itwasdeterminedthatalloftheparticipating
jurisdictionshavelimitedtomoderatetoimplementhazardmitigationprogramsandactivities.
Mr.Slaughteralsodiscussedtheresultsofthepublicparticipationsurveythatwaspostedonseveralof
theparticipatingcountieswebsites.Asofthemeetingdate,83responseshadbeenreceived.Basedon
preliminary survey results, respondents felt that tornadoes posed the greatest threat to their
neighborhood,followedbyseverethunderstorms/highwindsandHazmatincidents.88percentofthe
respondentswereinterestedinmakingtheirhomesmoreresistanttohazards.However,69percentof
themdontknowwhotocontactregardingreducingtheirriskstohazards.
Mr.SlaughtergaveanoverviewofMitigationStrategyDevelopmentandpresentedtheproposedgoals
for the regional plan based on a review of the goals in the existing county plans. The Regional Hazard
Mitigation Council accepted the proposed goals for the regional plan. Mr. Slaughter then asked each
countytoprovideastatusupdatefortheirexistingmitigationactions(completed,deleted,ordeferred)
by July 10, 2013. Mr. Slaughter also discussed the Mitigation Action Worksheets to be completed for
anynewmitigationactionsandrequestedthatallworksheetsbereturnedbyJuly10,2013.
Mr.Slaughterthankedthegroupfortakingthetimetoattendandthemeetingwasadjourned.

FINAL April 2014
2:14
2.6 INVOLVING THE PUBLIC
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(b)(1):Theplanningprocessshallincludeanopportunityforthepublictocommentontheplan
duringthedraftingstageandpriortoplanapproval.
An important component of the mitigation planning process involves public participation. Individual
citizen and communitybased input provides the entire planning team with a greater understanding of
local concerns and increases the likelihood of successfully implementing mitigation actions by
developing community buyin from those directly affected by the decisions of public officials. As
citizensbecomemoreinvolvedindecisionsthataffecttheirsafety,theyaremorelikelytogainagreater
appreciation of the hazards present in their community and take the steps necessary to reduce their
impact. Public awareness is a key component of any communitys overall mitigation strategy aimed at
making a home, neighborhood, school, business or entire city safer from the potential effects of
hazards.
PublicinvolvementinthedevelopmentoftheMEMADistrict4HazardMitigationPlanwassoughtusing
two methods: (1) public survey instruments (hard copy and webbased) were made available, and (2)
copies of draft Plan deliverables were made available for public review on county websites and at
government offices. The Public was provided two opportunities to be involved in the actual plan
development at two distinct periods during the planning process: (1) during the drafting stage of the
Plan; and (2) upon completion of a final draft Plan, but prior to official plan approval and adoption. A
public participation survey (discussed in greater detail in Section 2.6.1) was made available during the
planningprocessatvariouslocationsthroughouttheMEMADistrict4regionandatvariouslocationson
theinternet.
Eachoftheparticipatingjurisdictionswillholdpublicmeetingsbeforethefinalplanisofficiallyadopted
bythelocalgoverningbodies.ThesemeetingswilloccuratdifferenttimesonceFEMAhasgranted
conditionalapprovalofthePlan.AdoptionresolutionswillbeincludedinAppendixA.
2.6.1 Public Participation Survey
TheMEMADistrict4Regionwassuccessfulingettingcitizenstoprovideinputtothemitigationplanning
processthroughtheuseofthePublicParticipationSurvey.ThePublicParticipationSurveywasdesigned
to capture data and information from residents of the Region that might not be able to participate
throughothermeansinthemitigationplanningprocess.
Hard copies of the Public Participation Survey were distributed to the RHMC to be made available for
residents to complete at local public offices. A link to an electronic version of the survey was also
postedatvariouslocationsontheinternet.
Atotalof113surveyresponseswerereceived,whichprovidedvaluableinputfortheRHMCtoconsider
inthedevelopmentoftheplanupdate.Selectedsurveyresultsarepresentedbelow.
Approximately 57 percent of survey respondents had been impacted by a disaster, mainly

tornadoesandhurricanes(Ivan2004andKatrina2005).
FINAL April 2014
2:15
Respondents ranked Tornado as the highest threat to their neighborhood (69 percent),
followedbySevereThunderstorm/HighWind(25percent).
Approximately 31 percent of respondents have taken actions to make their homes more
resistanttohazardsand91percentareinterestedinmakingtheirhomesmoreresistantto
hazards.
68 percent of respondents do not know what office to contact regarding reducing their
riskstohazards.
EmergencyServicesandPublicEducationwererankedasthemostimportantactivitiesfor
communitiestopursueinreducingrisks.
PublicsurveyresultswerepresentedtotheRHMCattheJune26meeting.Acopyofthesurveyanda
detailedsummaryofthesurveyresultsareprovidedinAppendixB.
2.7 INVOLVING THE STAKEHOLDERS

44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(b)(2):Theplanningprocessshallincludeanopportunityforneighboringcommunities,local
andregionalagenciesinvolvedinhazardmitigationactivities,andagenciesthathavetheauthoritytoregulate
development,aswellasbusinesses,academiaandothernonprofitintereststobeinvolvedintheplanning
process.
At the beginning of the planning process for the development of this plan, the project consultant
workedwithMEMAmitigationstaff,theMEMADistrict4AreaCoordinator,andeachofthetenCounty
Emergency Management leads to initiate outreach to stakeholders to be involved in the planning
process. The project consultant sent out a list of recommended stakeholders provided from FEMA
Publication 3861 titled Getting Started: Building Support for Mitigation Planning. The list of
recommendedstakeholdersisfoundinAppendixCofthatpublication(Worksheet#1:BuildthePlanning
Team)andhasbeenincludedinAppendixDofthisplantodemonstratethewiderangeofstakeholders
thatwereconsideredtoparticipateinthedevelopmentofthisplan.EachofthetenCountyEmergency
Management leads used that list for reference as they invited stakeholders from their counties to
participateintheplanningprocess.
Additionally, the project consultant and the County EM leads contacted Mississippi Automated
Resources Information System (MARIS), Mississippi Forestry Commission, Mississippi Department of
EnvironmentalQuality,TriStateConsultingServices,GoldenTrianglePlanningandDevelopmentDistrict,
and the Three Rivers Planning and Development District to ask them to participate in the planning
processandprovidedatathatwasusedinthedevelopmentofthisplan.
In addition to the efforts described above, the participating jurisdictions in the MEMA District 4 plan
went above and beyond the minimum requirements for stakeholder outreach by designing and
distributing the Public Participation Survey described earlier in this section. In addition to collecting
public input for the plan, the survey was generated to allow those stakeholders that could not attend
Regional Hazard Mitigation Council meetings the opportunity to provide input to the plan and the
planning process. All survey results were shared with the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council and
represented input from citizens, local officials, businesses, academia, and other private interests in the
Region.

FINAL April 2014
2:16
2.8 DOCUMENTATION OF PLAN PROGRESS
ProgressinhazardmitigationplanningfortheparticipatingjurisdictionsintheMEMADistrict4Regionis
documented in this plan update. Since hazard mitigation planning efforts officially began in the
participating counties with the development of the initial Hazard Mitigation Plans in the late
1990s/early2000s,manymitigationactionshavebeencompletedandimplementedintheparticipating
jurisdictions. These actions will help reduce the overall risk to natural hazards for the people and
propertyintheRegion.TheactionsthathavebeencompletedaredocumentedintheMitigationAction
PlanfoundinSection9.
Inaddition,communitycapabilitycontinuestoimprovewiththeimplementationofnewplans,policies
and programs that help to promote hazard mitigation at the local level. The current state of local
capabilities for the participating jurisdictions is captured in Section 7: Capability Assessment. The
participating jurisdictions continue to demonstrate their commitment to hazard mitigation and hazard
mitigation planning and have proven this by reconvening the Hazard Mitigation Planning Team to
updatethePlanandbycontinuingtoinvolvethepublicinthehazardmitigationplanningprocess.
SECTION 3
COMMUNITY PROFILE
FINAL April 2014
3:1
ThissectionofthePlanprovidesageneraloverviewoftheMississippiEmergencyManagementAgency
(MEMA)District4Region.Itconsistsofthefollowingfoursubsections:
3.1GeographyandtheEnvironment
3.2PopulationandDemographics
3.3Housing,Infrastructure,andLandUse
3.4EmploymentandIndustry
TheCountyspecificannexesprovidemoredetailedcommunityprofileinformationabouteachCounty.
3.1 GEOGRAPHY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
The MEMA District 4 Region was named based on the Mississippi Emergency Management Agency
districts lines and is one of nine MEMA regions throughout the state. The Region is located in the
eastern portion of the state. It is bounded by the Mississippi/Alabama State Line to the east. State
highway 82 runs east to west through the region, passing through Webster, Oktibbeha, and Lowndes
counties. State highway 45 runs north to south, passing through Monroe, Lowndes, and Noxubee
Counties. The MEMA District 4 Region includes the counties of Calhoun, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay,
Lowndes, Monroe, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Webster, and Winston. An orientation map is provided as
Figure3.1.
The MEMA District 4 region is well known for being the home to Mississippi State University in
Oktibbeha County which ranks among the top agricultural and veterinary medicine programs in the
country.AlongwithOktibbehaCounty,ClayandLowndesCountyformaregionaleconomichubknown
as the Golden Triangle which is anchored by the university, several manufacturing hubs, and the
Columbus Air Force Base. The region is also known for many historic sites including the birthplace of
Tennessee Williams in Columbus and several Civil War sites throughout the region. In addition,
ChickasawCountyhostsabiannualflywheelfestivalthatattractsenthusiastsfromaroundthecountry.
ThetotalareaofeachoftheparticipatingcountiesispresentedinTable3.1.
TABLE3.1:TOTALAREAOFPARTICIPATINGCOUNTIES
County TotalArea County TotalArea
CalhounCounty 588squaremiles MonroeCounty 772squaremiles
ChickasawCounty 504squaremiles Noxubee County 700squaremiles
ChoctawCounty 420squaremiles OktibbehaCounty 462squaremiles
ClayCounty 416squaremiles WebsterCounty 423squaremiles
LowndesCounty 516squaremiles Winston County 610squaremiles
Source:USCensusBureau
SECTION 3: COMMUNITY PROFILE
FINAL April 2014
3:2
The MEMA District 4 Region enjoys four distinct seasons but the climate in the region is generally hot
andhumidcomparedtomuchoftherestoftheUnitedStatesgivenitslatitudeandrelativeproximityto
the Gulf Coast. Precipitation is generally highest in winter months when the temperatures are
moderately lower, but the likelihood of precipitation remains relatively constant throughout the year.
Summers in the region can become fairly hot with average highs in the nineties and lows in the
seventies.Theregionisalsooftensusceptibletoturbulentweatherwhenwarm,wetairfromtheGulf
of Mexico is pushed up into the region to mix with cooler air coming down from across the continent
which can result in severe weather conditions. This is particularly true in the spring when seasons are
changinganddiverseweatherpatternsinteract.

FINAL April 2014
3:3
FIGURE3.1:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONORIENTATIONMAP

FINAL April 2014
3:4
3.2 POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS
Although Monroe County is the largest participating county by area, the largest population is found in
Lowndes County. Between 2000 and 2010, the majority of participating jurisdictions experienced
populationdecline,withonlyOktibbehaCountyseeinganygrowth.TheTownsofSturgisandVardaman
hadthehighestratesofgrowth(both atover23percent),thoughitisnotablethatStarkville,home to
MississippiStateUniversity,alsohadnearly10percentgrowth.PopulationcountsfromtheUSCensus
Bureaufor1990,2000,and2010foreachoftheparticipatingcountiesandjurisdictionsarepresentedin
Table3.2.
TABLE3.2:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORPARTICIPATINGCOUNTIES
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
CalhounCounty 14,908 15,069 14,962 0.7%
ChickasawCounty 18,085 19,440 17,392 10.5%
ChoctawCounty 9,071 9,758 8,547 12.4%
ClayCounty 21,120 21,979 20,634 6.1%
LowndesCounty 59,308 61,586 59,779 2.9%
MonroeCounty 36,582 38,014 36,989 2.7%
NoxubeeCounty 12,604 12,548 11,545 8.0%
OktibbehaCounty 38,375 42,902 47,671 11.1%
WebsterCounty 10,222 10,294 10,253 0.4%
WinstonCounty 19,433 20,160 19,198 4.8%
Basedonthe2010Census,themedianageforresidentsoftheparticipatingcountiesrangesfrom26to
43years.Theracialcharacteristicsoftheparticipatingcountiesarepresented inTable3.3. Generally,
whites make up the majority of the population in the region, however there is a substantial black
populationineverycountythatrepresentsthemajorityinsomecases.
TABLE3.3:DEMOGRAPHICSOFPARTICIPATINGCOUNTIES
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
CalhounCounty 67.5% 27.7% 0.1% 4.7% 5.4%
ChickasawCounty 54.0% 42.1% 0.1% 3.8% 3.7%
ChoctawCounty 68.4% 30.1% 0.2% 1.3% 0.9%
ClayCounty 40.1% 58.9% 0.1% 0.9% 1.1%
LowndesCounty 54.0% 43.5% 0.2% 2.4% 1.5%
MonroeCounty 67.7% 30.9% 0.2% 1.3% 1.0%
NoxubeeCounty 27.1% 71.6% 0.2% 1.1% 0.8%
OktibbehaCounty 59.2% 36.6% 0.2% 4.0% 1.4%
WebsterCounty 78.7% 19.9% 0.2% 1.2% 1.0%
WinstonCounty 51.9% 45.6% 1.1% 2.6% 1.0%
FINAL April 2014
3:5
*Hispanicsmaybeofanyrace,soalsoareincludedinapplicableracecategories
3.3 HOUSING, INFRASTRUCTURE, AND LAND USE

3.3.1 Housing
Accordingtothe2010USCensus,thereare110,064housingunitsintheMEMADistrict4Region,most
ofwhicharesinglefamilyhomes.Housinginformationforthetenparticipatingcountiesispresentedin
Table3.4.Asshowninthetable,mostcountieshaveaverylowpercentageofseasonalhousingunits.
TABLE3.4:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFPARTICIPATINGCOUNTIES
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHomeValue
(20062010)
CalhounCounty 6,902 6,913 3.7% $58,700
ChickasawCounty 7,981 7,514 2.0% $62,300
ChoctawCounty 4,249 4,150 5.3% $68,800
ClayCounty 8,152 8,810 2.1% $78,200
LowndesCounty 25,104 26,556 1.0% $110,400
MonroeCounty 16,236 16,455 1.7% $79,000
NoxubeeCounty 5,228 5,170 4.9% $53,000
OktibbehaCounty 17,344 20,947 1.6% $108,100
WebsterCounty 4,344 4,804 4.6% $72,100
WinstonCounty 8,472 8,745 3.1% $75,100
3.3.2 Infrastructure
TRANSPORTATION
There are several major thoroughfares that traverse the MEMA District 4 Region. US Highway 45 runs
roughlynorthsouththroughMonroe,Lowndes,andNoxubeeCountiesconnectingmanytownsinthose
counties to Meridian and Tupelo. It is intersected by US Highway 82 which traverses across Lowndes,
Oktibbeha, and Webster Counties from east to west, ultimately leading to Tuscaloosa, Alabama to the
east. Several other US Highways also run through the region, connecting many of the towns to each
other and municipalities outside the region. In addition, the Natchez Trace Parkway runs through
Choctaw,Webster,Clay,andChickasawCounties.TheNatchezTraceParkwayisaNationalParkwaythat
ishighlyregardedforitsscenicviews,hikingtrails,picnicareas,campsites,andexhibits.
There are several small general aviation airports within the MEMA District 4 Region, including one in
nearly every county. Golden Triangle Regional Airport is the largest in the region and is located just
outsideofColumbus,whichisalsohometotheColumbusAirForceBase.Therearealsoseveralmajor
airports that are used by residents located in nearby counties including Tupelo Regional Airport and
JacksonEvers International Airport, which offers international and domestic flights to a number of
locationsaroundtheworld.

FINAL April 2014
3:6
UTILITIES
Electric power in the MEMA District 4 Region is provided by several electricity cooperatives. Natchez
Trace Electric Power Association serves Calhoun, Chickasaw, Clay, and Webster Counties. Pontotoc
ElectricPowerAssociationprovidespowertoCalhounandChickasawCounties,aswellasseveralother
nearby counties. 4 County Electric Power provides service to many counties in the region including
Monroe, Choctaw, Webster, Chickasaw, Clay, Lowndes, Oktibbeha, and Noxubee. Additionally, Triplett
ElectricCompanyisoperatedoutofWinstonCounty.
Water and sewer service is provided by all of the participating towns, but unincorporated areas often
relyonsepticsystemsandwellsintheMEMADistrict4Region.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
ThereareanumberofpublicbuildingsandcommunityfacilitieslocatedthroughouttheMEMADistrict4
Region.Accordingtothedatacollectedforthevulnerabilityassessment(Section6.4.1),thereare26fire
stations,31policestations,11medicalcarefacilities,and112schoolslocatedwithinthestudyarea.
Eleven hospitals are located in the MEMA District 4 Region. The largest is the Baptist Memorial
HospitalGolden Triangle, a 328bed regional hospital located in Columbus. The Oktibbeha Regional
Medical Center in Starkville is another major 96bed hospital in the region, as is the North Mississippi
MedicalCenterWestPointwith60beds.Therearealsoseveraladditionalmedicalcarefacilitieslocated
throughouttheregionasoutlinedinthevulnerabilityassessment(Section6.4.1).
The MEMA District 4 Region contains numerous local, state, and national parks and recreation areas,
includingtheNatchezTraceParkway,TombigbeeNationalForest,LegionStatePark,andLakeLowndes
StatePark.Thesefacilitiesofferrecreationalopportunitiestoarearesidentsandhundredsofthousands
ofvisitorseachyear.
3.3.3 Land Use
ManyareasoftheMEMADistrict4Regionareundevelopedorsparselydeveloped.AsshowninFigure
3.1 above, there are many small incorporated municipalities located throughout the study area, with a
fewlargerhubsinterspersed.Theseareasarewheretheregionspopulationisgenerallyconcentrated.
Theincorporatedareasarealsowheremanyofthebusinesses,commercialuses,andinstitutionaluses
are located. Land uses in the balance of the study area generally consist of rural residential
development, agricultural uses, and recreational areas, although there are some notable exceptions in
thelargermunicipalities.
3.4 EMPLOYMENT AND INDUSTRY
Like many other parts of Mississippi, the MEMA District 4 Regions economy has traditionally been
heavilyreliantonthemanufacturingindustries.However,theregionhassufferedfromnumerousplant
closingsduringthe1990sand2000s.Asaresult,manyofthecommunitiesarenowworkingtodevelop
placebasedeconomiesthatwillrelyontheMEMADistrict4Regionsareasofcomparativeadvantage.
One area of economic emphasis has been in the Golden Triangle which is formed by the cities of
Columbus, Starkville, and West Point. Mississippi State University and Columbus Air Force Base act as
FINAL April 2014
3:7
majoremployersinthissubregionandtherehasbeenarenewedfocusonbringingbackmanufacturing
jobs.Agriculturealsocontinuestoplayamajorroleinthelocaleconomyandtherearecattle,poultry,
andotheroperationslocatedthroughouttheregion.
AccordingtotheMississippiEmploymentSecurityCommission(MESC),in2012,CalhounCountyhadan
average annual employment of 3,498 workers and an average unemployment rate of 9.5 percent
(comparedto9.2percentforthestate).In2012,theManufacturingindustryemployed34.8percentof
the Countys workforce followed by Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting (21.8%); Retail Trade
(6.9%); and Public Administration (6.7%). The average annual wage in 2012 for Calhoun County was
$30,784comparedto$37,440inthestateofMississippi.
In 2012, Chickasaw County had an average annual employment of 5,892 workers and an average
unemployment rate of 11.0 percent. According to the MESC, in 2012, the Manufacturing industry
employed the most people, with 64.6 percent of the workforce, followed by Retail Trade (17.2%) and
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting (4.2%). The average annual wage in Chickasaw County was
$31,928.
Choctaw County had an average annual employment of 1,896 workers and an average unemployment
rateof9.9percentin2012.AccordingtotheMESC,in2012,theEducationServicesindustryemployed
31.6 percent of the workforce followed by Manufacturing (27.8%) and Retail Trade (12.4%). The
averageannualwageinChoctawCountywas$34,320.
In 2012, Clay County had an average annual employment of 5,138 workers and an average
unemployment rate of 16.8 percent. In 2012, according to the MESC, the Retail Trade industry
employed 25.7 percent of the workforce. Manufacturing was the second largest industry, employing
19.9 percent of workers, and Education Services followed closely behind (17.9%). The average annual
wageinClayCountywas$32,708.
LowndesCountyhadanaverageannualemploymentof25,700workersandanaverageunemployment
rateof9.6percentin2012.AccordingtotheMESC,in2012,theManufacturingindustryemployed18.5
percent of the workforce followed by Retail Trade (15.7%) and Health Care and Social Assistance
(14.9%).TheaverageannualwageinLowndesCountywas$39,104.
In 2012, Monroe County had an average annual employment of 9,358 workers and an average
EducationServices(12.1%).TheaverageannualwageinMonroeCountywas$34,892.
In 2012, Noxubee County had an average annual employment of 2,503 workers and average
unemployment rate of 15.2 percent. In 2012, according to the MESC, the Manufacturing industry
employed44.2percentoftheworkforce.RetailTradewasthesecondlargestindustry,employing23.1
percent of workers, and Public Administration followed closely behind (12.5%). The average annual
wageinNoxubeeCountywas$27,248.
Oktibbeha County had an average annual employment of 18,223 workers and an average
unemployment rate of 9.2 percent in 2012. According to the MESC, in 2012, the Accommodation and
Food Services industry employed 27.8 percent of the workforce followed by Retail Trade (19.0%) and
HealthCareandSocialAssistance(13.6%).TheaverageannualwageinOktibbehaCountywas$34,944.
FINAL April 2014
3:8
In 2012, Webster County had an average annual employment of 2,104 workers and an average
unemployment rate of 11.9 percent. In 2012, according to the MESC, the Manufacturing industry
employed26.6percentoftheworkforce.EducationServiceswasthesecondlargestindustry,employing
23.1percentofworkers,andRetailTradefollowedcloselybehind(19.8%).Theaverageannualwagein
WebsterCountywas$28,392.
In 2012, Winston County had an average annual employment of 4,583 workers and an average
EducationServices(13.8%).TheaverageannualwageinWinstonCountywas$35,204.
SECTION 4
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
FINAL April 2014
4:1
Thissectiondescribeshowtheplanningteamidentifiedthehazardtobeincludedthisplan.Itconsists
ofthefollowingfivesubsections:
4.1Overview
4.2DescriptionofFullRangeofHazards
4.3DisasterDeclarations
4.4HazardEvaluation
4.5HazardIdentificationResults
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(2)(i):Theriskassessmentshallincludeadescriptionofthetype,locationandextentofall
naturalhazardsthatcanaffectthejurisdiction.Theplanshallincludeinformationonpreviousoccurrencesof
hazardeventsandontheprobabilityoffuturehazardevents.
4.1 OVERVIEW
The MEMA District 4 Region is vulnerable to a wide range of natural and humancaused hazards that
threatenlifeandproperty.CurrentFEMAregulationsandguidanceundertheDisasterMitigationActof
2000(DMA2000)require,ataminimum,anevaluationofafullrangeofnaturalhazards.Anevaluation
of humancaused (i.e., terrorism) and technological hazards (i.e., hazardous materials incident) is
encouraged, though not required, for plan approval. The MEMA District 4 Region has included a
comprehensive assessment of all hazards. It should be noted however, that this list may not be all
inclusiveandwillberevisitedwitheachplanupdate.
Upon a review of the full range of natural hazards suggested under FEMA planning guidance, the
participating jurisdictions in the MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan have identified a
numberofhazardsthataretobeaddressedinthisRegionalHazardMitigationPlan.Thesehazardswere
identifiedthroughanextensiveprocessthatutilized inputfrom theMEMADistrict4Hazard Mitigation
Councilmembers,researchofpastdisasterdeclarationsintheparticipatingcounties
1
,andreviewofthe
Mississippi State Hazard Mitigation Plan (2010). Readily available information from reputable sources
(such as federal and state agencies) was also evaluated to supplement information from these key
sources.
Table 4.1 lists the full range of hazards initially identified for inclusion in the Plan and provides a brief
descriptionforeach.Thistableincludes25individualhazards.Someofthesehazardsareconsideredto
beinterrelatedorcascading(onehazardeventmaycauseanother,i.e.hurricanescauseflooding),but
forpreliminaryhazardidentificationpurposestheseindividualhazardsarebrokenoutseparately.

1
A complete list of disaster declarations for the MEMA District 4 Region can be found below in Section 4.3.
SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
FINAL April 2014
4:2
Table4.2liststhedisasterdeclarationsthathaveimpactedtheMEMADistrict4Region.
Table 4.3 documents the evaluation process used for determining which of the initially identified
hazards are considered significant enough to warrant further evaluation in the risk assessment. For
each hazard considered, the table indicates whether or not the hazard was identified as a significant
hazard to be further assessed, how this determination was made, and why this determination was
made. The table works to summarize not only those hazards that were identified (and why) but also
thosethatwerenotidentified(andwhynot).Hazardeventsnotidentifiedforinclusionatthistimemay
beaddressedduringfutureevaluationsandupdatesoftheriskassessmentifdeemednecessarybythe
MEMADistrict4RHMCduringtheplanupdateprocess.
Lastly,Table4.4providesasummaryofthehazardidentificationandevaluationprocessnotingthat16
ofthe25initiallyidentifiedhazardsareconsideredsignificantenoughforfurtherevaluationthroughthis
Plansriskassessment(markedwitha)
4.2 DESCRIPTION OF FULL RANGE OF HAZARDS

In this section, hazards are classified into groups including atmospheric hazards, hydrological hazards,
geologic hazards, and other hazards (a catchall category of hazards that typically includes human
causedandtechnologicalhazards).Asnotedabove,severalsourceswhereconsultedtodeterminealist
of hazard to be considered by MEMA District 4. These include the MEMA District 4 RHMC members,
research of past disaster declarations in the participating counties
2
, review of FEMAs MultiHazard
IdentificationandRiskAssessment(1997)andreviewoftheStateofMississippiHazardMitigationPlan
(2010). Readily available information from reputable sources (such as federal and state agencies) was
alsoevaluatedtosupplementinformationfromthesekeysources.
TABLE4.1:DESCRIPTIONSOFTHEFULLRANGEOFINITIALLYIDENTIFIEDHAZARDS
Hazard Description
ATMOSPHERICHAZARDS
Avalanche Arapidfallorslideofalargemassofsnowdownamountainside.
Drought Aprolongedperiodoflessthannormalprecipitationsuchthatthelackofwatercausesa
serious hydrologic imbalance. Common effects of drought include crop failure, water
supplyshortages,andfishandwildlifemortality.Hightemperatures,highwinds,andlow
humiditycanworsendroughtconditionsandalsomakeareasmoresusceptibletowildfire.
Human demands and actions have the ability to hasten or mitigate droughtrelated
impactsonlocalcommunities.
Hailstorm Anystormthatproduceshailstonesthatfalltotheground;usuallyusedwhentheamount
orsizeofthehailisconsideredsignificant.Hailisformedwhenupdraftsinthunderstorms
carryraindropsintopartsoftheatmospherewherethetemperaturesarebelowfreezing.

2
A complete list of disaster declarations for the MEMA District 4 Region can be found below in Section 4.3.
FINAL April 2014
4:3
HeatWave Aheatwavemayoccurwhentemperatureshover10degreesormoreabovetheaverage
high temperature for the region and last for several weeks. Humid or muggy conditions,
which add to the discomfort of high temperatures, occur when a dome of high
atmospheric pressure traps hazy, damp air near the ground. Excessively dry and hot
conditions can provoke dust storms and low visibility. A heat wave combined with a
droughtcanbeverydangerousandhavesevereeconomicconsequencesonacommunity.
Hurricaneand
TropicalStorm
Hurricanes and tropical storms are classified as cyclones and defined as any closed
circulation developing around a lowpressure center in which the winds rotate counter
clockwiseintheNorthernHemisphere(orclockwiseintheSouthernHemisphere)andwith
a diameter averaging 10 to 30 miles across. When maximum sustained winds reach or
exceed39milesperhour,thesystemisdesignatedatropicalstorm,givenaname,andis
closely monitored by the National Hurricane Center. When sustained winds reach or
exceed74milesperhourthestormisdeemedahurricane.Theprimarydamagingforces
associated with these storms are highlevel sustained winds, heavy precipitation and
tornadoes.Coastalareasarealsovulnerabletotheadditionalforcesofstormsurge,wind
driven waves and tidal flooding which can be more destructive than cyclone wind. The
majority ofhurricanes and tropical storms form in theAtlanticOcean, CaribbeanSea and
Gulf of Mexico during the official Atlantic hurricane season, which extends from June
throughNovember.
Lightning Lightning is a discharge of electrical energy resulting from the buildup of positive and
negative charges within a thunderstorm, creating a bolt when the buildup of charges
becomesstrongenough.Thisflashoflightusuallyoccurswithinthecloudsorbetweenthe
clouds and the ground. A bolt of lightning can reach temperatures approaching 50,000
degrees Fahrenheit. Lightning rapidly heats the sky as it flashes, but the surrounding air
cools following the bolt. This rapid heating and cooling of the surrounding air causes
thunder. On average, 73 people are killed each year by lightning strikes in the United
States.
Noreaster Similartohurricanes,noreastersareoceanstormscapableofcausingsubstantialdamage
to coastal areas in the Eastern United States due to their associated strong winds and
heavysurf.Nor'eastersarenamedforthewindsthatblowinfromthenortheastanddrive
thestormuptheEastCoastalongtheGulfStream,abandofwarmwaterthatliesoffthe
Atlantic coast. They are caused by the interaction of the jet stream with horizontal
temperature gradients and generally occur during the fall and winter months when
moistureandcoldairareplentiful.Noreastersareknownfordumpingheavyamountsof
rainandsnow,producinghurricaneforcewinds,andcreatinghighsurfthatcausessevere
beacherosionandcoastalflooding.
Tornado Atornadoisaviolentlyrotatingcolumnofairthathascontactwiththegroundandisoften
visibleasafunnelcloud.Itsvortexrotatescyclonicallywithwindspeedsrangingfromas
low as 40 mph to as high as 300 mph. Tornadoes are most often generated by
thunderstormactivitywhencool,dryairintersectsandoverridesalayerofwarm,moistair
forcingthewarmairtoriserapidly.Thedestructioncausedbytornadoesrangesfromlight
tocatastrophicdependingontheintensity,sizeanddurationofthestorm.
Severe
Thunderstorm
Thunderstorms are caused by air masses of varying temperatures meeting in the
atmosphere. Rapidly rising warm moist air fuels the formation of thunderstorms.
Thunderstorms may occur singularly, in lines, or in clusters. They can move through an
areaveryquicklyorlingerforseveralhours.Thunderstormsmayresultinhail,tornadoes,
or straightline winds. Windstorms pose a threat to lives, property, and vital utilities
primarilyduetotheeffectsofflyingdebrisandcandowntreesandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
4:4
WinterStormand
Freeze
Winter storms may include snow, sleet, freezing rain, or a mix of these wintry forms of
precipitation. Blizzards, the most dangerous of all winter storms, combine low
temperatures,heavysnowfall,andwindsofatleast35milesperhour,reducingvisibilityto
only a few yards. Ice storms occur when moisture falls and freezes immediately upon
impact on trees, power lines, communication towers, structures, roads and other hard
surfaces.Winterstormsandicestormscandowntrees,causewidespreadpoweroutages,
damageproperty,andcausefatalitiesandinjuriestohumanlife.
GEOLOGICHAZARDS
Earthquake Asudden,rapidshakingoftheEarthcausedbythebreakingandshiftingofrockbeneath
the surface. This movement forces the gradual building and accumulation of energy.
Eventually, strain becomes so great that the energy is abruptly released, causing the
shakingattheearthssurfacewhichweknowasanearthquake.Roughly90percentofall
earthquakes occur at the boundaries where plates meet, although it is possible for
earthquakestooccurentirelywithinplates.Earthquakescanaffecthundredsofthousands
of square miles; cause damage to property measured in the tens of billions of dollars;
resultinlossoflifeandinjurytohundredsofthousandsofpersons;anddisruptthesocial
andeconomicfunctioningoftheaffectedarea.
ExpansiveSoils Soils that will exhibit some degree of volume change with variations in moisture
conditions.Themostimportantpropertiesaffectingdegreeofvolumechangeinasoilare
clay mineralogy and the aqueous environment. Expansive soils will exhibit expansion
caused by the intake of water and, conversely, will exhibit contraction when moisture is
removed by drying. Generally speaking, they often appear sticky when wet, and are
characterized by surface cracks when dry. Expansive soils become a problem when
structuresarebuiltuponthemwithouttakingproperdesignprecautionsintoaccountwith
regardtosoiltype.Crackinginwallsandfloorscanbeminor,orcanbesevereenoughfor
thehometobestructurallyunsafe.
Landslide Themovementsofamassofrock,debris,orearthdown aslopewhentheforceofgravity
pullingdowntheslopeexceedsthestrengthoftheearthmaterialsthatcomprisetoholdit
inplace.Slopesgreaterthan10degreesaremorelikelytoslide,asareslopeswherethe
height from the top of the slope to its toe is greater than 40 feet. Slopes are also more
likelytofailifvegetativecoverislowand/orsoilwatercontentishigh.
LandSubsidence The gradual settling or sudden sinking of the Earths surface due to the subsurface
movementofearthmaterials.Causesof landsubsidenceincludegroundwaterpumpage,
aquifer system compaction, drainage of organic soils, underground mining,
hydrocompaction,naturalcompaction,sinkholes,andthawingpermafrost.
Sinkhole Sinkholes are a natural and common geologic feature in areas with underlying limestone
andotherrocktypesthataresolubleinnaturalwater.Mostlimestoneisporous,allowing
the acidic water of rain to percolate through their strata, dissolving some limestone and
carrying it away in solution. Over time, this persistent erosional process can create
extensive underground voids and drainage systems in much of the carbonate rocks.
Collapseofoverlyingsedimentsintotheundergroundcavitiesproducessinkholes.
FINAL April 2014
4:5
Tsunami A series of waves generated by an undersea disturbance such as an earthquake. The
speedofatsunamitravelingawayfromitssourcecanrangefromupto500milesperhour
indeepwatertoapproximately20to30milesperhourinshallowerareasnearcoastlines.
Tsunamis differ from regular ocean waves in that their currents travel from the water
surface all the way down to the sea floor. Wave amplitudes in deep water are typically
lessthanonemeter;theyareoftenbarelydetectabletothehumaneye.However,asthey
approachshore,theyslowinshallowerwater,basicallycausingthewavesfrombehindto
effectively pile up, and wave heights to increase dramatically. As opposed to typical
waveswhichcrashattheshoreline,tsunamisbringwiththemacontinuouslyflowingwall
of water with the potential to cause devastating damage in coastal areas located
immediatelyalongtheshore.
Volcano A mountain that opensdownward to a reservoir of molten rockbelow the surface of the
earth. While most mountains are created by forces pushing up the earth from below,
volcanoesaredifferentinthattheyarebuiltupovertimebyanaccumulationoftheirown
eruptive products: lava, ash flows, and airborne ash and dust. Volcanoes erupt when
pressure from gases and the molten rock beneath becomes strong enough to cause an
explosion.
HYDROLOGICHAZARDS
DamandLevee
Failure
Dam failure is the collapse, breach, or other failure of a dam structure resulting in
downstreamflooding.Intheeventofadamfailure,theenergyofthewaterstoredbehind
even a small dam is capable of causing loss of life and severe property damage if
developmentexistsdownstreamofthedam.Damfailurecanresultfromnaturalevents,
humaninduced events, or a combination of the two. The most common cause of dam
failure is prolonged rainfall that produces flooding. Failures due to other natural events
such as hurricanes, earthquakes or landslides are significant because there is generally
littleornoadvancewarning.
Erosion Erosionisthegradualbreakdownandmovementoflandduetobothphysicaland
chemicalprocessesofwater,wind,andgeneralmeteorologicalconditions.Natural,or
geologic,erosionhasoccurredsincetheEarthsformationandcontinuesataveryslow
anduniformrateeachyear.
Flood The accumulation of water within a water body which results in the overflow of excess
water onto adjacent lands, usually floodplains. The floodplain is the land adjoining the
channel of a river, stream ocean, lake or other watercourse or water body that is
susceptible to flooding. Most floods fall into the following three categories: riverine
flooding,coastalflooding,orshallowflooding(whereshallowfloodingreferstosheetflow,
pondingandurbandrainage).
StormSurge A storm surge is a large dome of water often 50 to 100 miles wide and rising anywhere
from four to five feet in a Category 1 hurricane up to more than 30 feet in a Category 5
storm. Storm surge heights and associated waves are also dependent upon the shape of
the offshore continental shelf (narrow or wide) and the depth of the ocean bottom
(bathymetry). A narrow shelf, or one that drops steeply from the shoreline and
subsequentlyproducesdeepwaterclosetotheshoreline,tendstoproducealowersurge
buthigherandmorepowerfulstormwaves.Stormsurgearrivesaheadofastormsactual
landfallandthemoreintensethehurricaneis,thesoonerthesurgearrives.Stormsurge
canbedevastatingtocoastalregions,causingseverebeacherosionandpropertydamage
along the immediate coast. Further, water rise causedby storm surgecanbe very rapid,
posingaseriousthreattothosewhohavenotyetevacuatedfloodproneareas.
FINAL April 2014
4:6
OTHERHAZARDS
Hazardous
MaterialsIncident
Hazardous material (HAZMAT) incidents can apply to fixed facilities as well as mobile,
transportationrelated accidents in the air, by rail, on the nations highways and on the
water. HAZMAT incidents consist of solid, liquid and/or gaseous contaminants that are
released from fixed or mobile containers, whether by accident or by design as with an
intentional terrorist attack. A HAZMAT incident can last hours to days, while some
chemicalscanbecorrosiveorotherwisedamagingoverlongerperiodsoftime.Inaddition
totheprimaryrelease,explosionsand/orfirescanresultfromarelease,andcontaminants
can be extended beyond the initial area by persons, vehicles, water, wind and possibly
wildlifeaswell.
Pandemic Pandemics are infectious and contagious outbreaks typically caused by a virus that
originatedinanimalsandspreadstohumans.Commonsourcesareswineandavian.There
are several definitions of pandemic depending on the severity of the outbreak. It can be
definedgenerallyasanepidemicoccurringoveralargegeographicarea.Pandemicviruses
reproduceandmutaterapidly.Unlikeseasonalinfluenza,humanshavenoimmunitytothe
mutatedstrains,makingitespeciallydeadlyinpopulations.
TerrorThreat TerrorismisdefinedbyFEMAas,theuseofforceorviolenceagainstpersonsorproperty
inviolationofthecriminallawsoftheUnitedStatesforpurposesofintimidation,coercion,
orransom.Terroristactsmayincludeassassinations,kidnappings,hijackings,bombscares
and bombings, cyber attacks (computerbased), and the use of chemical, biological,
nuclearandradiologicalweapons.
Wildfire An uncontrolled fire burning in an area of vegetative fuels such as grasslands, brush, or
woodlands. Heavier fuels with high continuity, steep slopes, high temperatures, low
humidity, low rainfall, and high winds all work to increase risk for people and property
located within wildfire hazard areas or along the urban/wildland interface. Wildfires are
part of the natural management of forest ecosystems, but most are caused by human
factors. Over 80 percent of forest fires are started by negligent human behavior such as
smoking in wooded areas or improperly extinguishing campfires. The second most
commoncauseforwildfireislightning.
4.3 DISASTER DECLARATIONS

Disaster declarations provide initial insight into the hazards that may impact the MEMA District 4
Regional planning area. Since 1973, 19 presidential disaster declarations have occurred in the region.
Thisincludes12eventsrelatedtotornadoes,9eventsrelatedtoflooding,4eventsrelatedtohighwind,
4eventsrelatedtohurricaneandtropicalstorm,and2eventsrelatedtowinterstormevents.

FINAL April 2014
4:7
TABLE4.2:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONDISASTERDECLARATIONSBYCOUNTY
Disaster
Number Year Description
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
h
i
c
k
a
s
a
w
C
h
o
c
t
a
w
C
l
a
y
L
o
w
n
d
e
s
M
o
n
r
o
e
N
o
x
u
b
e
e
O
k
t
i
b
b
e
h
a
W
e
b
s
t
e
r
W
i
n
s
t
o
n
368 1973
HEAVYRAINS,TORNADOES
&FLOODING
X X
X X X

X
577 1979
STORMS,TORNADOES,
FLOODS
X
X X X X X X
X
683 1983
SEVERESTORMS,
TORNADOES,AND
FLOODING

X

888 1991
SEVERESTORMS,
TORNADOES&FLOODING
X X X

X
895 1991
SEVERESTORMS&
FLOODING
X

X X X

906 1991
SEVERESTORMS,
TORNADOES&FLOODING
X X X X X X
X X
967 1992
WINDSTORMS,TORNADOES
&HAIL
X

968 1992
SEVERESTORMS,HIGH
WINDS&TORNADOES
X X

X
1009 1994
SEVEREWINTERSTORM,
FREEEZINGRAINANDSLEET
X X

1265 1999
SEVEREWINTERSTORMS,
ICEANDFREEZINGRAIN
X X X X X X X X X X
1360 2001
SEVERESTORMSAND
TORNADOES
X X X X X X X X X X
1443 2002
SEVERESTORMSAND
TORNADOES
X X X X X

1470 2003
SEVERESTORMS,
TORNADOESANDHIGH
WINDS
X X
X X X

X
1550 2004 HURRICANEIVAN

X X X X X X
1594 2005 HURRICANEDENNIS
X X X X X X X X X
1604 2005
MSHURRICANEKATRINA
FLOODING
X
X X
X
1906 2010
MSSEVERESTORMS,
TORNADOES,AND
FLOODING

X

1972 2011
MSSEVERESTORMS,
TORNADOES,STRAIGHT
LINEWINDS,AND
ASSOCIATEDFLOODING
X X X
X

X X
4081 2012 MSHURRICANEISAAC
X X
TOTALNUMBEROFDISASTERS: 9 9 8 12 14 13 9 8 9 8
FINAL April 2014
4:8
4.4 HAZARD EVALUATION
TABLE4.3:DOCUMENTATIONOFTHEHAZARDEVALUATIONPROCESS
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Whywasthisdeterminationmade?
ATMOSPHERICHAZARDS
Avalanche NO
ReviewofUSForest
ServiceNational
AvalancheCenterweb
site
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
HazardIdentificationand
RiskAssessment
ReviewofStateofMS
HazardMitigationPlan
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
hazardmitigationplans
Thereisnoriskorhistoryofavalanche
eventsinMississippi.TheUnited
Statesavalanchehazardislimitedto
mountainouswesternstatesincluding
Alaska,aswellassomeareasoflow
riskinNewEngland.
Drought YES ReviewofStateofMS

Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofU.S.Drought
Monitorwebsite
DroughtsareidentifiedintheStateof
MSHazardMitigationPlanasalimited
hazard.
Droughtisincludedinallofthe
previousMEMADistrict4county
hazardmitigationplans.
Therearereportsofthemostextreme
(exceptional)droughtineachofthe
countiesaccordingtotheNCDrought
Monitor.
FINAL April 2014
4:9
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Hailstorm YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Reviewofhistorical
presidentialdisaster
declarations
Hailstormeventsareexcludedfrom
thestateplan,buttheplannotesthat
theyshouldbeaddressedinlocal
plans.
Hailisaddressedinalloftheprevious
MEMADistrict4countyhazard
mitigationplans.
NCDCreports632hailstormevents
(0.5inchsizehailto3.0inches)forthe
MEMADistrict4Regionsince1957.
Fortheseevents,therewasover$3.1
million(2013dollars)inproperty
damagesand16recordedinjuries.
Hailresultedinonepresidential
disasterdeclarationintheMEMA
District4Region.
HeatWave YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
TheStateofMSHazardMitigation
Planexcludesextremeheat,butitalso
indicatesthatextremeheatcancreate
emergenciesinMississippi.
Heatwave/extremeheatwasprofiled
inthepreviousMEMADistrict4
countyhazardmitigationplans
(expectintheOktibbehaCountyplan
whichmentionedheataspartofthe
droughthazard).
NCDCreports6extremeheatevents
fortheMEMADistrict4countiessince
2005.
FINAL April 2014
4:10
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Hurricaneand
TropicalStorm
YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
AnalysisofNOAA
historicaltropicalcyclone
tracksandNational
HurricaneCenter
Website
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Reviewofhistorical
declarations
TheStateHazardMitigationPlan
profilesthehurricanehazardand
identifiesitasasignificanthazard,
notingitsdevastatingimpactsonthe
state.
Thehurricaneandtropicalstorm
hazardwasaddressedin7ofthe10
thepreviousMEMADistrict4county
NOAAhistoricalrecordsindicate8
hurricanesand30tropicalstorms
havecomewithin75milesofthe
MEMADistrict4Regionsince1850.
NCDCreports4hurricaneandtropical
stormeventsintheMEMADistrict4
Regionsince2004.Theseeventswere
responsibleforanestimated$684.9
damagesaswellas16deathsand100
injuries(someofwhichmayhave
occurredoutsideoftheregion).
4outof19disasterdeclarationsinthe
MEMADistrict4Regionaredirectly
relatedtohurricaneandtropical
stormevents.
FINAL April 2014
4:11
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Lightning YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
ReviewofVaisalasNLDN
lightningstatistics
Lightningeventsarenotprofiledin
theMSStateHazardMitigationPlan
becausetheydonotgenerallyimpact
theentirestate.Itisrecommended
thatthesehazardsbeprofiledlocally.
Lightningisaddressedasanindividual
hazardin3ofthepreviousMEMA
District4countylevelhazard
mitigationplansandunderthe
thunderstormhazardinthe7
remainingplans.
NCDCreports19lightningeventsfor
theMEMADistrict4Regionsince
1957.Theseeventshaveresultedin1
death,norecordedinjuries,and$2.1
damages.
AccordingtoVaisalasU.S.National
LightningDetectionNetwork,the
MEMADistrict4Regionislocatedin
anareathatexperiencedanaverage
of6to8lightningflashespersquare
kilometerperyearbetween1997and
2010.
Giventhedamageandreported
death,individualanalysisis
warranted.
Noreaster NO ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Noreastersarenotprofiledor
discussedinthestateplan.
Noreasterswerenotidentifiedanyof
previoushazardmitigationplansfor
theMEMADistrict4counties.
NCDCdoesnotreportanynoreaster
activityfortheMEMADistrict4
Region.
FINAL April 2014
4:12
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Tornado YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Reviewofhistorical
declarations
TornadoeventsarelistedintheState
ofMSHazardMitigationPlanasa
significanthazardandarereferenced
asacommondisaster.
Tornadoeventswereaddressedinall
ofthepreviousMEMADistrict4
countyhazardmitigationplans.
NCDCreports202tornadoeventsin
MEMADistrict4Regioncountiessince
1950.Theseeventshaveresultedin
42recordeddeaths,434injuries,and
$387.4million(2013dollars)in
propertydamagewiththemost
severebeinganF5.
12outof19disasterdeclarationsin
theMEMADistrict4Regionare
directlyrelatedtotornadoevents.
Severe
Thunderstorm
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Reviewofhistorical
declarations
Severethunderstormeventswerenot
profiledintheStateHazardMitigation
Planbecausetheydonottypically
impacttheentirestate,invokinga
stateresponse.However,severe
thunderstormswereidentifiedasa
significantconcernatthelocallevel.
Severethunderstormeventswere
addressedasanindividualhazardin7
ofthepreviousMEMADistrict4
NCDCreports1,225thunderstorm
eventsintheMEMADistrict4Region
countiessince1955.Theseevents
haveresultedin3deaths,33injuries,
and$82.1million(2013dollars)in
propertydamage.
12outof19disasterdeclarationsin
theMEMADistrict4Regionare
relatedtothunderstormandhigh
windevents.
FINAL April 2014
4:13
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
WinterStorm
andFreeze
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Reviewofhistorical
declarations
Extremewinterweatherisidentified
inthestateplanasalimitedhazard.
Winterstormeventswereaddressed
inallofthepreviousMEMADistrict4
NCDCreportsthattheMEMADistrict
4countieshavebeenaffectedby66
winterweathereventssince1994.
Theseeventsresultedin2recorded
deathsand$6.1million(2013dollars)
inpropertydamages.
2oftheregions19disaster
declarationsweredirectlyrelatedto
winterstormevents.
FINAL April 2014
4:14
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
GEOLOGICHAZARDS
Earthquake YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofNational
GeophysicalDataCenter
USGSEarthquake
HazardsProgramwebsite
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
Earthquakeeventsareidentifiedasa
limitedhazardintheStateofMS
HazardMitigationPlan,andall
countiesinMSareconsideredtobe
susceptibletotheeffectsof
earthquakes.
Earthquakeshaveoccurredinand
aroundtheStateofMississippiinthe
past.ThestateisaffectedbytheNew
Madrid(nearMissouri)andWhite
RiverFaultlineswhichhavegenerated
amagnitude8.0earthquakeinthelast
200years.
Allofthepreviouscountyhazard
mitigationplansintheMEMADistrict
4Regionaddressearthquake.
24eventsareknowntohaveoccurred
intheregionaccordingtotheNational
GeophysicalDataCenter.Thegreatest
MMIreportedwasa5.
AccordingtoUSGSseismichazard
maps,thepeakgroundacceleration
(PGA)witha10%probabilityof
exceedancein50yearsfortheMEMA
District4Regionisapproximately3
5%g.FEMArecommendsthat
earthquakesbefurtherevaluatedfor
mitigationpurposesinareaswitha
PGAof3%gormore.
FINAL April 2014
4:15
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
ExpansiveSoils YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
ReviewofUSGSSwelling
ClaysMap
Expansivesoilsarenotidentifiedin
thestateplan,andhavenot
historicallybeenaproblemformost
areasinMississippi.
Expansivesoilsareaddressedasan
individualhazardin4oftheprevious
mitigationplansandwiththeland
subsidencehazardin3oftheprevious
plans.
AccordingtoUSGS,theMEMADistrict
4Regionispredominatelylocatedin
anareathatisunderlainwith
generallylessthan50%clayhaving
highswellingpotential.However,
thereisaportionoftheregion
underlainwithabundantclayhaving
highswellingpotential.
Landslide YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofUSGSLandslide
Incidenceand
SusceptibilityHazard
Map
Planexcludesthelandslidehazard
becausethereisnoextensivehistory
oflandslidesinMississippi.
NoneofthepreviousMEMADistrict4
addresslandslides.
USGSlandslidehazardmapsindicate
lowincidence(lessthan1.5%ofthe
areaisinvolvedinlandsliding)forall
countiesintheregion.
However,localconditionsmay
becomemorefavorableforlandslides
duetoheavyrain,forexample.
FINAL April 2014
4:16
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
LandSubsidence NO ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
Thestateplandoesnotidentifyland
subsidenceasahazardbecausethere
isnosignificanthistoricalrecordof
thehazardintheregion.
3ofthe10previousMEMADistrict4
identifiedlandsubsidenceasa
potentialhazardbutdeterminedthat
significantsubsidenceisnotverylikely
duetogeologyoftheregion.
Sinkhole NO ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
Thestateplandoesnotidentify
sinkholesasahazardbecausethereis
nosignificanthistoricalrecordofthe
hazardintheregion.
Sinkholesareaddressedwiththeland
subsidencehazardin3oftheprevious
mitigationplans.Substantialsinkholes
werefoundtonotbelikelyinmost
areas.
Tsunami NO
ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofUSGSRegional
AssessmentofTsunami
potentialintheGulfof
Mexico
ReviewofFEMAsMulti
RiskAssessment
ReviewofFEMAHow
tomitigationplanning
guidance(Publication
3862,Understanding
YourRisksIdentifying
HazardsandEstimating
Losses)
Thetsunamihazardisexcludedfrom
thestateplan.Thereisnohistorical
recordoftsunamisintheGulfof
Mexico.
Noneofthepreviouscountyhazard
4Regionaddresstsunami.
Tsunamiinundationzonemapsare
notavailableforcommunitieslocated
alongtheU.S.GulfCoast.
FEMAmitigationplanningguidance
suggeststhatlocationsalongtheU.S.
GulfCoasthavearelativelylow
tsunamiriskandneednotconducta
tsunamiriskassessmentatthistime.
FINAL April 2014
4:17
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Volcano NO ReviewofStateofMS
ReviewofUSGSVolcano
HazardsProgram
website
Thevolcanohazardisexcludedfrom
thestateplan.Thereisnohistorical
recordofthishazardintheregion.
Therearenoactivevolcanoesin
Mississippi.
HYDROLOGICHAZARDS
DamandLevee
Failure
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofMSDivisionof
EnvironmentalQuality
daminventory
Dam/leveefailureisidentifiedinthe
stateplanasalimitedhazard.
9ofthe10previousMEMADistrict4
addressdamfailure.
12damsintheregionareclassifiedas
highhazard(highhazardisdefined
wheredamfailuremaycauselossof
lifeorseriousdamage).
Erosion YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
Coastalerosionwasexcludedfromthe
StateofMSHazardMitigationPlanas
ahazard,however,itisaddressed
underthehurricanehazard.Riverine
erosionisnotaddressedintheplan.
Erosionisnotidentifiedasahazardin
anyofthepreviousMEMADistrict4
Erosionisanaturalprocessand
continuousprocessthatimpactsthe
region.
FINAL April 2014
4:18
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Flood YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Reviewofhistorical
disasterdeclarations
ReviewofFEMADFIRM
flooddatafortheMEMA
District4counties
ReviewofFEMAsNFIP
CommunityStatusBook
andCommunityRating
System(CRS)
Thefloodhazardisthoroughly
discussedinthestateplan.Muchof
thestateislocatedinthe100year
floodplain.Further,flashfloodsarea
commonoccurrenceduringrain
storms.
Alloftheprevioushazardmitigation
plansfortheMEMADistrict4counties
addressthefloodhazard.
NCDCreportsthatMEMADistrict4
Regioncountieshavebeenaffectedby
131floodeventssince1994.Intotal,
theseeventscausednorecorded
deathsorinjuriesbutcausedan
estimated$15.5million(2013dollars)
inpropertydamages.
8outof19disasterdeclarationswere
floodrelatedandanadditional4were
hurricaneortropicalstormrelated
whichcausedfloodingissues.
20%oftheMEMADistrict4Regionis
locatedinanidentifiedfloodplain(100
or500year).
29outthe40jurisdictionsparticipate
intheNFIP.Onemunicipalityalso
participantsintheCRS.
StormSurge NO ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofNOAANCDC
StormEventsDatabase
Stormsurgeisdiscussedinthestate
planunderthehurricanehazardand
indicatesthatonlythecostalshoreline
countiesaresubjecttostormsurge.
Nonethepreviouscountyhazard
4Regionidentifystormsurgeasa
potentialhazard.
Nohistoricaleventswerereportedby
NCDC.
Giventheinlandlocationofthe
MEMADistrict4Region,stormsurge
wouldnotaffectthearea.
FINAL April 2014
4:19
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
OTHERHAZARDS
Hazardous
Materials
Incident
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofEPATRIsites
inventory
ReviewofPHMSA
HAZMATIncident
Statisticsdatabase
Hazardousmaterialsincidentsarenot
discussedinthestateplan,butitdoes
notethatthehazardisaddressedin
15%oflocalplans.
includehazardousmaterialsincident
asahazard.
Thereareover30TRIsiteslocatedin
theMEMADistrict4Region.
AccordingtothePHMSA,therehave
been202reportedhazardous
materialsincidentsintheregion.
Pandemic YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
Pandemicisnotdiscussedinthestate
plan.
Pandemicisnotincludedinanyofthe
previousMEMADistrict4county
However,theMEMADistrict4RHMC
votedtoincludethishazardatthe
kickoffmeetingduetothe
prevalenceoffarms(particularly
poultry)inthearea.
TerrorThreat NO ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
Terrorismisexcludedfromthestate
plan,butitdoesnotethatitis
includedin17%oflocalplans.
countyhazardmitigationpansinclude
terrorismasahazard.
FINAL April 2014
4:20
Hazards
Considered
Wasthishazard
identifiedasa
significant
hazardtobe
addressedinthe
planatthis
time?
(YesorNo)
Howwasthis
determinationmade?
Wildfire YES ReviewofStateofMS
Reviewofprevious
MEMADistrict4county
ReviewofSouthern
WildfireRiskAssessment
(SWRA)Data
ReviewofMississippi
ForestryCommission
website
Planidentifieswildfireasasignificant
hazardandregularoccurrence.
8ofthe10previousMEMADistrict
addresswildfire.
AreviewofSWRAdataindicatesthat
thereareareasofconcerninthe
MEMADistrict4Region.Wildfire
hazardriskswillincreaseaslow
densitydevelopmentalongthe
urban/wildlandinterfaceincreases.
AccordingtotheMississippiForestry
Commission,theMEMADistrict4
Regionexperiencesanaverageof18
fireseachyearwhichburna
combined186acres.
FINAL April 2014
4:21
4.5 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RESULTS

TABLE4.4:SUMMARYRESULTSOFTHEHAZARDIDENTIFICATIONAND
EVALUATIONPROCESS
ATMOSPHERICHAZARDS GEOLOGICHAZARDS
Avalanche Earthquake
Drought ExpansiveSoils
Hailstorm Landslide
HeatWave LandSubsidence
HurricaneandTropicalStorm Sinkhole
Lightning Tsunami
Noreaster Volcano
Tornado HYDROLOGICHAZARDS
SevereThunderstorm DamandLeveeFailure
WinterStormandFreeze Erosion
Flood
StormSurge
OTHERHAZARDS
HazardousMaterialsIncident
Pandemic
TerrorThreat
Wildfire
=HazardconsideredsignificantenoughforfurtherevaluationintheMEMADistrict4Regionhazardrisk
assessment.
Fromthispointintheplanonward,thehazardswillbeorganizedpertheMEMADistrict4classification
groups of: Flood Hazards (Flood, Erosion, Dam Failure, Winter Storm); Firerelated hazards
(Drought/HeatWave,Wildfire);Geologichazards(Earthquake,Landslide,ExpansiveSoils);WindHazards
(Hurricane and Tropical Storm; Thunderstorm, including Wind, Hail, and Lighting; Tornado); and Other
Hazards(HAZMAT,Pandemic).

SECTION 5
HAZARD PROFILES
FINAL April 2014
5:1
This section includes detailed hazard profiles for each of the hazards identified in the previous section
(Hazard Identification) as significant enough for further evaluation in the MEMA District 4 Regional
HazardMitigationPlan.Itcontainsthefollowingsubsections:
5.1Overview
5.2StudyArea
FloodRelatedHazards
5.3RiverineFlooding
5.4Erosion
5.5DamFailure
5.6WinterStorm/Freeze
FireRelatedHazards
5.7Drought/HeatWave
5.8Wildfire
GeologicHazards
5.9 Earthquake
5.10Landslide
5.11ExpansiveSoils
WindRelatedHazards
5.12HurricaneandTropicalStorm
5.13Thunderstorm(wind,hail,
lightning)
5.14Tornado
OtherHazards
5.15HazardousMaterialsIncident
5.16Pandemic
5.17ConclusionsonHazardRisk
5.18FinalDeterminations
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(2)(i):Theriskassessmentshallincludeadescriptionofthetype,locationandextentofall
naturalhazardsthatcanaffectthejurisdiction.Theplanshallincludeinformationonpreviousoccurrencesof
hazardeventsandontheprobabilityoffuturehazardevents
5.1 OVERVIEW
This section includes detailed hazard profiles for each of the hazards identified in the previous section
(HazardIdentification)assignificantenoughforfurtherevaluationintheMEMADistrict4Regionhazard
risk assessment by creating a hazard profile. Each hazard profile includes a general description of the
hazard including its location, extent (or severity), historical occurrences, probability of future
occurrences. Each profile also includes specific items noted by members of the MEMA District 4
Regional Hazard Mitigation Council (RHMC) as it relates to unique historical or anecdotal hazard
informationforthecountiesintheMEMADistrict4Regionoraparticipatingmunicipalitywithinthem.
Thefollowinghazardswereidentified:
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
Erosion
DamFailure
SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES
FINAL April 2014
5:2
WinterStorm/Freeze
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
Wildfire
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
Landslide
ExpansiveSoils
WindrelatedHazards
HurricaneandTropicalStorm
Thunderstorm(includingwind,hail,andlightning)
Tornado
OtherHazards
Pandemic
5.2 STUDY AREA
The MEMA District 4 Region includes ten counties and thirtysix incorporated jurisdictions. Table 5.1
provides a summary table of the participating jurisdictions within each county. In addition, Figure 5.1
providesabasemap,forreference,oftheMEMADistrict4Region.
TABLE5.1:PARTICIPATINGJURISDICTIONSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4
REGIONALHAZARDMITIGATIONPLAN
CalhounCounty MonroeCounty
BigCreek Bruce Aberdeen Amory
CalhounCity Derma Gattman Hatley
Pittsboro SlateSprings Smithville
Vardaman NoxubeeCounty
ChickasawCounty Brooksville Macon
Houston NewHoulka Shuqualak
Okolona Woodland OktibbehaCounty
ChoctawCounty Maben Starkville
Ackerman FrenchCamp Sturgis
Weir WebsterCounty
ClayCounty Eupora Mantee
WestPoint Mathiston Walthall
LowndesCounty WinstonCounty
Artesia Caledonia Louisville Noxapater
Columbus Crawford
FINAL April 2014
5:3
FIGURE5.1:MEMADISTRICT4BASEMAP
Table5.2listseachsignificanthazardfortheMEMADistrict4Regionandidentifieswhetherornotithas
been determined to be a specific hazard of concern for the municipal jurisdictions and the
FINAL April 2014
5:4
unincorporatedareasofthecounties.Thisisthebasedonthebestavailabledataandinformationfrom
theMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationCouncil.(=hazardofconcern)
TABLE5.2SUMMARYOFIDENTIFIEDHAZARDEVENTSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Jurisdiction
Floodrelated Firerelated Geological Windrelated Other
F
l
o
o
d
E
r
o
s
i
o
n
D
a
m
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
e
a
t
W
a
v
e
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
E
x
p
a
n
s
i
v
e
S
o
i
l
s
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
H
A
Z
M
A
T
P
a
n
d
e
m
i
c
CalhounCounty
BigCreek
Bruce
CalhounCity
Derma
Pittsboro
SlateSprings
Vardaman
UnincorporatedArea
ChickasawCounty
Houston
NewHoulka
Okolona
Woodland
UnincorporatedArea
ChoctawCounty
Ackerman
FrenchCamp
Weir
UnincorporatedArea
ClayCounty
WestPoint
UnincorporatedArea
LowndesCounty
Artesia
Caledonia
Columbus
Crawford
UnincorporatedArea
MonroeCounty
Aberdeen
Amory
Gattman
Hatley
Smithville
UnincorporatedArea
NoxubeeCounty
Brooksville
FINAL April 2014
5:5
Jurisdiction
Floodrelated Firerelated Geological Windrelated Other
F
l
o
o
d
E
r
o
s
i
o
n
D
a
m
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
e
a
t
W
a
v
e
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
E
x
p
a
n
s
i
v
e
S
o
i
l
s
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
H
A
Z
M
A
T
P
a
n
d
e
m
i
c
Macon
Shuqualak
UnincorporatedArea
OktibbehaCounty
Maben
Starkville
Sturgis
UnincorporatedArea
WebsterCounty
Eupora
Mantee
Mathiston
Walthall
UnincorporatedArea
WinstonCounty
Louisville
Noxapater
UnincorporatedArea
FLOODRELATED HAZARDS

5.3 FLOOD

5.3.1 Background
Flooding is the most frequent and costly natural hazard in the United States and is a hazard that has
caused more than 10,000 deaths since 1900. Nearly 90 percent of presidential disaster declarations
resultfromnaturaleventswherefloodingwasamajorcomponent.
Floodsgenerallyresultfromexcessiveprecipitationandcanbeclassifiedundertwocategories:general
floods, precipitation over a given river basin for a long period of time along with storminduced wave
action,andflashfloods,theproductofheavylocalizedprecipitationinashorttimeperiodoveragiven
location. The severity of a flooding event is typically determined by a combination of several major
factors, including stream and river basin topography and physiography, precipitation and weather
patterns,recentsoilmoistureconditions,andthedegreeofvegetativeclearingandimpervioussurface.
Generalfloodsareusuallylongtermeventsthatmaylastforseveraldays.Theprimarytypesofgeneral
flooding include riverine, coastal, and urban flooding. Riverine flooding is a function of excessive
precipitation levels and water runoff volumes within the watershed of a stream or river. Coastal
flooding is typically a result of storm surge, winddriven waves, and heavy rainfall produced by
hurricanes, tropical storms, and other large coastal storms. Urban flooding occurs where manmade
FINAL April 2014
5:6
developmenthasobstructedthenaturalflowofwateranddecreasedtheabilityofnaturalgroundcover
toabsorbandretainsurfacewaterrunoff.
Flash flooding is another type of flooding that can be associated with urban flooding. It is common in
urbanized areas where much of the ground is covered by impervious surfaces. Most flash flooding
occursalongmountainstreamsandiscausedbyslowmovingthunderstormsinalocalareaorbyheavy
rains associated with hurricanes and tropical storms. However, flashflooding events may also occur
from a dam or levee failure within minutes or hours of heavy amounts of rainfall, or from a sudden
releaseofwaterheldbyretentionbasinorotherstormwatercontrolfacility.
Theperiodicfloodingoflandsadjacenttorivers,streamsandshorelines(landknownasfloodplain)isa
naturalandinevitableoccurrencethatcanbeexpectedtotakeplacebaseduponestablishedrecurrence
intervals.Floodplainsaredesignatedbythefrequencyofthefloodthatislargeenoughtocoverthem.
For example, the 10year floodplain will be covered by the 100year flood and the 100year floodplain
by the 1,000year flood. Flood frequencies such as the 100year flood are determined by plotting a
graph of the size of all known floods for an area and determining how often floods of a particular size
occur.Anotherwayofexpressingthefloodfrequencyisthechanceofoccurrenceinagivenyear,which
is the percentage of the probability of flooding each year. For example, the 100year flood has a 1
percent annual chance of occurring in any given year, and the 500year flood has a 0.2percent annual
chanceofoccurringinanygivenyear.
5.3.2 Location and Spatial Extent
ThereareareasintheMEMADistrict4Regionthataresusceptibletofloodevents.Specialfloodhazard
areas in the Region were mapped using Geographic Information System (GIS) and FEMA Digital Flood
Insurance Rate Maps (DFIRM). This includes Zone A (1percent annual chance floodplain), Zone AE (1
percent annual chance floodplain with elevations), and the 0.2percent annual chance floodplain.
AccordingtoGISanalysis,ofthe5,444squaremilesthatmakeuptheMEMADistrict4Region,thereare
approximately 1,036 square miles of land in zones A and AE (1percent annual chance floodplain/100
year floodplain) and 31 square miles of land in the 0.2percent annual chance floodplain (500year
floodplain).ThecountytotalsarepresentedbelowinTable5.3.
TABLE5.3:SUMMARYOFFLOODPLAINAREASINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location(DFIRMdate)
100yeararea
(squaremiles)
500yeararea
(squaremiles)
CalhounCounty(2010) 133 1
ChickasawCounty(2010) 77 0
ChoctawCounty(2007) 53 0.1
ClayCounty(2011) 125 0.4
LowndesCounty(2011) 160 12
MonroeCounty(N/A) 130 17
NoxubeeCounty(2011) 144 0.5
OktibbehaCounty(2010) 86 0.2
WebsterCounty(2010) 43 0
WinstonCounty(2010) 85 0.1
MEMADISTRICT4REGIONTOTAL 1,036 31
FINAL April 2014
5:7
These flood zone values account for approximately 20 percent of the total land area in the MEMA
District 4 Region. It is important to note that while FEMA digital flood data is recognized as best
availabledataforplanningpurposes,itdoesnotalwaysreflectthemostaccurateanduptodateflood
risk.Floodingandfloodrelatedlossesoftendooccuroutsideofdelineatedspecialfloodhazardareas.
Figure 5.2 illustrates the location and extent of currently mapped special flood hazard areas for the
RegionbasedonbestavailableFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.
FINAL April 2014
5:8
FIGURE5.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:FederalEmergencyManagementAgency;MonroeCountymapfromFEMAsHazusMH2.1

FINAL April 2014
5:9
5.3.3 Historical Occurrences
Floods resulted in nine disaster declarations in the MEMA District 4 Region between 1973 and 2011.
1
Information from the National Climatic Data Center was used to ascertain historical flood events. The
National Climatic Data Center reported a total of 131 events throughout the MEMA District 4 Region
since 1994.
2
A summary of these events is presented in Table 5.4. These events accounted for $15.5
million (2013 dollars) in property damage due to flood events throughout the region.
3
Specific
information on flood events for each county, including date, type of flooding, and deaths and injuries,
canbefoundinthejurisdictionspecificannexes.
TABLE5.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
CalhounCounty 13 0/0 $144,977
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 3 0/0 $133,625
CalhounCity 5 0/0 $5,696
Derma 1 0/0 $3,146
Pittsboro 2 0/0 $0
SlateSprings 0 0/0 $0
Vardaman 1 0/0 $1,126
UnincorporatedArea 1 0/0 $1,384
ChickasawCounty 5 0/0 $4,164
Houston 2 0/0 $2,897
NewHoulka 0 0/0 $0
Okolona 2 0/0 $1,267
Woodland 0 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 1 0/0 $0
ChoctawCounty 11 0/0 $1,134,017
Ackerman 3 0/0 $13,048
FrenchCamp 1 0/0 $530,450
Weir 1 0/0 $368,962
ClayCounty 9 0/0 $1,187,810
WestPoint 6 0/0 $723,481
LowndesCounty 27 0/0 $7,497,161
Artesia 1 0/0 $1,126
Caledonia 2 0/0 $5,529
Columbus 9 0/0 $3,927,382
Crawford 0 0/0 $0

1
Not all of the participating counties were declared disaster areas for these storms. A complete listing of historical disaster
declarations, including the affected counties, can be found in Section 4: Hazard Identification.
2
These events are only inclusive of those reported by NCDC. It is likely that additional occurrences have occurred and have gone
unreported.
3
The total damage amount was averaged over the number of affected counties when multiple counties were involved in the flood
event.
FINAL April 2014
5:10
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
UnincorporatedArea 15 0/0 $3,563,124
MonroeCounty 15 0/0 $98,123
Aberdeen 4 0/0 $26,738
Amory 6 0/0 $35,153
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
Smithville 1 0/0 $157
NoxubeeCounty 12 0/0 $679,186
Brooksville 0 0/0 $0
Macon 2 0/0 $137,002
Shuqualak 3 0/0 $15,178
OktibbehaCounty 17 0/0 $1,975,924
Maben 2 0/0 $328,564
Starkville 8 0/0 $1,007,925
Sturgis 1 0/0 $3,183
WebsterCounty 9 0/0 $1,089,784
Eupora 4 0/0 $142,561
Mantee 0 0/0 $0
Mathiston 1 0/0 $380,031
Walthall 1 0/0 $3,377
WinstonCounty 13 0/0 $1,707,069
Louisville 6 0/0 $469,181
Noxapater 4 0/0 $309,000
MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALTOTAL 131 0/0 $15,518,215
Source:NationalClimaticDataCenter
5.3.4 Historical Summary of Insured Flood Losses
AccordingtoFEMAfloodinsurancepolicyrecordsasofMarch2013,therehavebeen1,167floodlosses
reported in the MEMA District 4 Region through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since
1978,totalingover$8.4millioninclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforeachMEMADistrict
4countyisprovidedinTable5.5.Itshouldbeemphasizedthatthesenumbersincludeonlythoselosses
to structures that were insured through the NFIP policies, and for losses in which claims were sought
andreceived.ItislikelythatmanyadditionalinstancesoffloodlossintheMEMADistrict4Regionwere
eitheruninsured,deniedclaimspayment,ornotreported.
TABLE5.5:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location FloodLosses ClaimsPayments
CalhounCounty 25 $269,521
FINAL April 2014
5:11
BigCreek*
Bruce 5 $89,221
CalhounCity 5 $36,805
Derma 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0
SlateSprings*
Vardaman 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 15 $143,495
ChickasawCounty 2 $8,170
Houston 2 $8,170
NewHoulka 0 $0
Okolona 0 $0
Woodland 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 0 $0
ChoctawCounty 1 $68,613
Ackerman 1 $68,613
FrenchCamp*
Weir*
ClayCounty 81 $798,486
WestPoint 57 $624,288
LowndesCounty 914 $6,269,581
Artesia*
Caledonia*
Columbus 451 $3,147,710
Crawford*
UnincorporatedArea 463 $3,121,871
MonroeCounty 84 $647,672
Aberdeen 15 $40,534
Amory 43 $376,294
Gattman*
Hatley*
Smithville 0 $0
NoxubeeCounty 8 $15,684
Brooksville*
Macon 3 $6,243
Shuqualak 0 $0
OktibbehaCounty 19 $59,456
Maben*
Starkville 13 $45,233
Sturgis*
WebsterCounty 23 $108,564
FINAL April 2014
5:12
Eupora 22 $104,933
Mantee*
Mathiston 0 0
Walthall*
WinstonCounty 10 $161,220
Louisville 10 $161,220
Noxapater*
UnincorporatedArea 0 0
MEMADISTRICT4REGIONTOTAL 1,167 $8,406,967
*ThesecommunitiesdonotparticipateintheNationalFloodInsuranceProgram.Therefore,novaluesarereported.
Source:FEMA,NFIP
5.3.5 Repetitive Loss Properties
FEMAdefinesarepetitivelosspropertyasanyinsurablebuildingforwhichtwoormoreclaimsofmore
than $1,000 were paid by the NFIP within any rolling 10year period, since 1978. A repetitive loss
propertymayormaynotbecurrentlyinsuredbytheNFIP.Currentlythereareover140,000repetitive
losspropertiesnationwide.
Currently(asofMay2013),thereare148nonmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedintheMEMA
District4Region,whichaccountedfor442lossesandmorethan$3.8millioninclaimspaymentsunder
the NFIP. The average claim amount for these properties is $8,721. Of the 148 properties, 101 are
single family, 8 are 24 family, 3 are assumed condominiums, 1 is other residential, and 35 are non
residential. Without mitigation, these properties will likely continue to experience flood losses. Table
5.6 presents a summary of these figures for the MEMA District 4 Region. Detailed information on
repetitivelosspropertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciescanbefoundinthejurisdictionspecificannexes.
TABLE5.6:SUMMARYOFREPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Properties
NumberofLosses TotalPayments
CalhounCounty 0 0 $0
BigCreek*
Bruce 0 0 $0
CalhounCity 0 0 $0
Derma 0 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0 $0
SlateSprings*
Vardaman 0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 0 0 $0
ChickasawCounty 1 2 $8,170
Houston 1 2 $8,170
NewHoulka 0 0 $0
Okolona 0 0 $0
Woodland 0 0 $0
FINAL April 2014
5:13
Location
Numberof
Properties
NumberofLosses TotalPayments
ChoctawCounty 0 0 $0
Ackerman 0 0 $0
FrenchCamp*
Weir*
ClayCounty 8 24 $157,332
WestPoint 4 9 $29,779
UnincorporatedArea 4 15 $127,553
LowndesCounty 123 371 $3,193,944
Artesia*
Caledonia*
Columbus 60 185 $1,732,419
Crawford*
UnincorporatedArea 63 186 $1,461,525
MonroeCounty 7 18 $233,528
Aberdeen 0 0 $0
Amory 0 0 $0
Gattman*
Hatley*
Smithville 0 0 $0
NoxubeeCounty 0 0 $0
Brooksville*
Macon 0 0 $0
Shuqualak 0 0 $0
OktibbehaCounty 2 7 $27,729
Maben*
Starkville 1 2 $14,229
Sturgis*
WebsterCounty 5 16 $96,334
Eupora 5 16 $96,334
Mantee*
Mathiston 0 0 $0
Walthall*
WinstonCounty 2 4 $137,517
Louisville 2 4 $137,517
Noxapater*
MEMADISTRICT4REGIONTOTAL 148 442 $3,854,555
Source:FEMA,NFIP

FINAL April 2014
5:14
5.3.6 Probability of Future Occurrences
Flood events will remain a threat in the MEMA District 4 Region, and the probability of future
occurrences will remain likely (between 10 and 100 percent annual probability). The participating
jurisdictions andunincorporatedareashaverisktoflooding,thoughnotallareaswillexperienceflood.
The probability of future flood events based on magnitude and according to best available data is
illustratedinthefiguresabove,whichindicatesthoseareassusceptibletothe1percentannualchance
flood(100yearfloodplain)andthe0.2percentannualchanceflood(500yearfloodplain).
It can be inferred from the floodplain location maps, previous occurrences, and repetitive loss
propertiesthatriskvariesthroughouttheregion.Forexample,theeasternhalfoftheregionhasmore
floodplainandthusahigherriskoffloodthanthewesternhalfoftheregion.Floodisnotthegreatest
hazard of concern but will continue to occur and cause damage. Therefore, mitigation actions may be
warranted,particularlyforrepetitivelossproperties.
5.4 EROSION

5.4.1 Background
Erosionisthegradualbreakdownandmovementoflandduetobothphysicalandchemicalprocessesof
water,wind,andgeneralmeteorologicalconditions.Natural,orgeologic,erosionhasoccurredsincethe
Earthsformationandcontinuesataveryslowanduniformrateeachyear.
Therearetwotypesofsoilerosion:winderosionandwatererosion.Winderosioncancausesignificant
soilloss.Windsblowingacrosssparselyvegetatedordisturbedlandcanpickupsoilparticlesandcarry
them through the air, thus displacing them. Water erosion, the hazard of topic here, can occur over
land or in streams and channels. Water erosion that takes place over land may result from raindrops,
shallow sheets of water flowing off the land, or shallow surface flow, which becomes concentrated in
low spots. Stream channel erosion may occur as the volume and velocity of water flow increases
enoughtocausemovementofthestreambedandbanksoils.Majorstorms,suchhurricanesincoastal
areas, may cause significant erosion by combining high winds with heavy surf and storm surge to
significantlyimpacttheshoreline.
An areas potential for erosion is determined by four factors: soil characteristics, vegetative cover,
topography climate or rainfall, and topography. Soils composed of a large percentage of silt and fine
sand are most susceptible to erosion. As the clay and organic content of these soils increases, the
potentialforerosiondecreases.Welldrainedandwellgradedgravelsandgravelsandmixturesarethe
leastlikelytoerode.Coarsegravelsoilsarehighlypermeableandhaveagoodcapacityforabsorption,
which can prevent or delay the amount of surface runoff. Vegetative cover can be very helpful in
controlling erosion by shielding the soil surface from falling rain, absorbing water from the soil, and
slowing the velocity of runoff. Runoff is also affected by the topography of the area including size,
shape,andslope.Thegreatertheslopelengthandgradient,themorepotentialanareahasforerosion.
Climatecanaffecttheamountofrunoff,especiallythefrequency,intensity,anddurationofrainfalland
storms. When rainstorms are frequent, intense, or of long duration, erosion risks are high. Seasonal
changesintemperatureandrainfallamountsdefinetheperiodofhighesterosionriskoftheyear.

FINAL April 2014
5:15
During the past 20 years, the importance of erosion control has gained the increased attention of the
public.Implementationoferosioncontrolmeasuresconsistentwithsoundagriculturalandconstruction
operationsisneededto minimize theadverseeffectsassociatedwith harmfulchemicalsrunoffdue to
windorwaterevents.Theincreaseingovernmentregulatoryprogramsandpublicconcernhasresulted
in a wide range of erosion control products, techniques, and analytical methodologies in the United
States.Thepreferredmethodoferosioncontrolinrecentyearshasbeentherestorationofvegetation.
ErosionintheMEMADistrict4Regionistypicallycausedbyflashfloodingevents.Unlikecoastalareas,
areasofconcernforerosionintheMEMADistrict4Regionareprimarilyriversandstreams.Generally,
vegetation also helps to prevent erosion in the area, and it is not an extreme threat to any of the
participatingcountiesandjurisdictions.
Atthistime,thereisnodataavailableonlocalizedareasoferosionsoitisnotpossibletodepictextent
onamap.Noareasofconcernwerereportedbytheplanningcommittee.
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in the MEMA District 4 Region. This includes
searchinglocalnewspapers,interviewinglocalofficials,andreviewingprevioushazardmitigationplans.
Nohistoricalerosionoccurrenceswerefoundinthesesources.
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessfortheMEMADistrict4Region,anditwill
continue to occur. The annual probability level assigned for erosion is possible (between 1 and 10
percentannually).However,giventhelackofhistoricalevents,location,andthreattolifeorproperty,
nofurtheranalysiswillbedoneinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessment.
5.5 DAM AND LEVEE FAILURE

5.5.1 Background
The Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality provides information on dams including a hazard
potential classification. There are three hazard classificationshigh, significant, and lowthat
correspondtoqualitativedescriptions.Table5.7explainstheseclassifications.
TABLE5.7:MISSISSIPPIDAMHAZARDCLASSIFICATIONS
HazardClassification Description
Low
Dam failure may cause damage to farm buildings (excluding residences), agricultural
land,orcountyorminorroads.
Significant
Dam failure may cause significant damage to main roads, minor railroads, or cause
interruptionofuseorserviceofrelativelyimportantpublicutilities.
FINAL April 2014
5:16
High
Dam failure may cause loss of life, serious damage to homes, industrial or commercial
buildings, important public utilities, main highways or railroads. Dams constructed in
existingorproposedresidential,commercialorindustrialareaswillbeclassifiedashigh
hazard dams, unless the applicant presents clear and convincing evidence to the
contrary.
Source:MississippiDivisionofEnvironmentalQuality
AccordingtotheMississippiDivisionofEnvironmentalQuality,thereare12highhazarddamsinthe
MEMADistrict4Region.
4
Figure5.3showsthelocationofeachofthesehighhazarddamsandTable5.8
liststhembyname.AccordingtoaconsensusoflocalgovernmentofficialsandtheMitigationAdvisory
Council,amajorityofthesedamswouldnotposeamajorthreatinabreachorfailureoccurrence.

4
The list of high hazard dams obtained from the Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality was reviewed and amended by
local officials to the best of their knowledge.
FINAL April 2014
5:17
FIGURE5.3:MEMADISTRICT4HIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS
FINAL April 2014
5:18
TABLE5.8:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName HazardPotential
CalhounCounty
BIGLAKEDAM High
PERSIMMONCREEKSTRUCTUREY2109DAM High
ChickasawCounty
CHUQUATONCHEEWSSTR07DAM High
ChoctawCounty
UPPERYOCKANOOKANYWSSTR1DAM High
ClayCounty
NONE N/A
LowndesCounty
PENNINGTONLAKENUMBER4DAM High
PRAIRIEWATERSNUMBER2DAM High
MonroeCounty
NONE N/A
NoxubeeCounty
NONE N/A
OktibbehaCounty
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYLAKEDAM High
WebsterCounty
MANTEELAKEDAM High
WHITESCREEKNUMBER1DAM High
WinstonCounty
LAKETIAKOKHATA High
ThereisnorecordofdambreachesintheMEMADistrict4Region.However,severalbreachscenarios
intheregioncouldbecatastrophic.
5.5.4 Probability of Future Occurrence
Giventhecurrentdaminventoryandhistoricdata,adambreachisunlikely(lessthan1percentannual
probability) in the future. However, as has been demonstrated in the past, regular monitoring is
necessary to prevent these events. No further analysis will be completed in Section 6: Vulnerability
Assessment as more sophisticated dam breach plans (typically completed by the U.S. Army Corp of
Engineers)havebeencompletedfordamsofconcernintheregion.

FINAL April 2014
5:19
5.6 WINTER STORM AND FREEZE

5.6.1 Background

Awinterstormcanrangefromamoderatesnowoveraperiodofafewhourstoblizzardconditionswith
blindingwinddrivensnowthatlastsforseveraldays.Eventsmayincludesnow,sleet,freezingrain,ora
mixofthesewintryformsofprecipitation.Somewinterstormsmightbelargeenoughtoaffectseveral
states, while others might affect only localized areas. Occasionally, heavy snow might also cause
significantpropertydamages,suchasroofcollapsesonolderbuildings.
Allwinterstormeventshavethepotentialtopresentdangerousconditionstotheaffectedarea.Larger
snowfalls pose a greater risk, reducing visibility due to blowing snow and making driving conditions
treacherous.AheavysnoweventisdefinedbytheNationalWeatherServiceasanaccumulationof4of
more inches in 12 hours or less. A blizzard is the most severe form of winter storm. It combines low
temperatures,heavysnow,andwindsof35milesperhourormore,whichreducesvisibilitytoaquarter
mileorlessforatleast3hours.Winterstormsareoftenaccompaniedbysleet,freezingrain,oranice
storm.Suchfreezeeventsareparticularlyhazardousastheycreatetreacheroussurfaces.
Ice storms are defined as storms with significant amounts of freezing rain and are a result of cold air
damming(CAD).CADisashallow,surfacebasedlayerofrelativelycold,stablystratifiedairentrenched
againsttheeasternslopesoftheAppalachianMountains.Withwarmerairabove,fallingprecipitationin
theformofsnowmelts,thenbecomeseithersupercooled(liquidbelowthemeltingpointofwater)or
refreezes. In the former case, supercooled droplets can freeze on impact (freezing rain), while in the
latter case, the refrozen water particles are ice pellets (or sleet). Sleet is defined as partially frozen
raindrops or refrozen snowflakes that form into small ice pellets before reaching the ground. They
typicallybouncewhentheyhitthegroundanddonotsticktothesurface.However,itdoesaccumulate
like snow, posing similar problems and has the potential to accumulate into a layer of ice on surfaces.
Freezingrain,conversely,usuallystickstotheground,creatingasheetoficeontheroadwaysandother
surfaces. All of the winter storm elements snow, low temperatures, sleet, ice, etcetera have the
potential to cause significant hazard to a community. Even small accumulations can down power lines
andtreeslimbsandcreatehazardousdrivingconditions.Furthermore,communicationandpowermay
bedisruptedfordays.
Nearlytheentire continental United Statesissusceptibletowinterstormandfreezeevents. Someice

and winter storms may be large enough to affect several states, while others might affect limited,
localized areas. The degree of exposure typically depends on the normal expected severity of local
winter weather. The MEMA District 4 Region is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions
and rarely receives severe winter weather, even during the winter months. Events tend to be mild in
nature; however, even relatively small accumulations of snow, ice, or other wintery precipitation can
lead to losses and damage due to the fact that these events are not commonplace. Given the
atmosphericnatureofthehazard,theentireregionhasuniformexposuretoawinterstorm.

FINAL April 2014
5:20
Winter weather has resulted in two disaster declarations in the MEMA District 4 Region in 1994 and
1999.
5
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of 66 recorded winter
stormeventsintheMEMADistrict4Regionsince1994(Table5.9).
6
Theseeventsresultedinmorethan
$6.1 million (2013 dollars) in damages as well as two deaths. Detailed information on the recorded
winterstormeventscanbefoundinthejurisdictionspecificannexes.
7
TABLE5.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
ClayCounty 8 0/0 $957,319
LowndesCounty 8 1/0 $123,939
NoxubeeCounty 6 0/0 $1,086,365
WebsterCounty 6 0/0 $916,396
WinstonCounty 6 0/0 $440,284
MEMADISTRICT4REGIONTOTAL 66 2/0 $6,114,329
Therehavebeenseveralseverewinter weathereventsintheMEMADistrict4Region. Thetext below

describes two of the major events and associated impacts on the region. Similar impacts can be
expectedwithseverewinterweather.
December1998
MuchofnorthMississippiwashitwithanicestorm.Mostcountiesreportedbetween0.25to0.5inches
of ice on their roads with some locations in the southern part of the region reporting as much as 3
inchesofice.Theicecausednumerouspoweroutagesandbroughtdownmanytreesandpowerlines.
ThousandsofpeopleinnorthMississippiwerewithoutpower,someforaslongasoneweek.Christmas
travel was severely hampered for several days with motorists stranded at airports, bus stations, and
truckstops.TraveldidnotreturntonormaluntilafterChristmasinsomelocations.
January2000
AwinterstormbroughtaswathofheavysnowacrossnorthcentralMississippi.Thesnowbeganfalling
overwesternportionsoftheareaduringtheearlymorningofthe27thandspreadeastwardduringthe

5
Not all of the participating counties were declared disaster areas for these events. A complete listing of historical disaster
6
These ice and winter storm events are only inclusive of those reported by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). It is
likely that additional winter storm conditions have affected the MEMA District 4 Region. In addition, the 66 are reported by
county, so many of these storms likely affected all of the counties. The dollar amount of damages provided by NCDC is divided
by the number of affected counties to reflect a damage estimate for each county.
7
The dollar amount provided by NCDC is divided by the number affected counties to reflect a damage estimate for the county.

FINAL April 2014
5:21
day. The snow was heavy at times and did not end until the morning of the 28th. Snowfall amounts
generally ranged from 4 to 10 inches. The heaviest amounts fell along the Highway 82 corridor from
Greenville to Starkville where isolated snow depths of 12 inches were reported. Damage from the
heavy snow was relatively minimal with reports limited to a few collapsed roofs and downed trees.
Poweroutagesweresporadic,buttravellingwasmorethanjustaninconvenienceasnumerousreports
ofvehiclesrunningofftheroadwerereceived.
Winterstormsthroughouttheplanningareahaveseveralnegativeexternalitiesincludinghypothermia,
cost of snow and debris cleanup, business and government service interruption, traffic accidents, and
power outages. Furthermore, citizens may resort to using inappropriate heating devices that could to
fireoranaccumulationoftoxicfumes.

Winter storm events will continue to occur in the MEMA District 4 Region. Based on historical
information,theannualprobabilityislikely(between10and100percent).

FIRERELATED HAZARDS

5.7 DROUGHT

5.7.1 Background
DROUGHT
Drought is a normal part of virtually all climatic regions, including areas with high and low average
rainfall.Droughtistheconsequenceofanaturalreductionintheamountofprecipitationexpectedover
anextendedperiodoftime,usuallyaseasonormoreinlength.Hightemperatures,highwinds,andlow
humidity can exacerbate drought conditions. In addition, human actions and demands for water
resourcescanhastendroughtrelatedimpacts.Droughtsmayalsoleadtomoreseverewildfires.
Droughtsaretypicallyclassifiedintooneoffourtypes:1)meteorological,2)hydrologic,3) agricultural,
or4)socioeconomic.Table5.10presentsdefinitionsforthesetypesofdrought.
TABLE5.10DROUGHTCLASSIFICATIONDEFINITIONS
MeteorologicalDrought
Thedegreeofdrynessordepartureofactualprecipitationfromanexpectedaverageor
normalamountbasedonmonthly,seasonal,orannualtimescales.
HydrologicDrought
Theeffectsofprecipitationshortfallsonstreamflowsandreservoir,lake,andgroundwater
levels.
AgriculturalDrought Soilmoisturedeficienciesrelativetowaterdemandsofplantlife,usuallycrops.
SocioeconomicDrought
Theeffectofdemandsforwaterexceedingthesupplyasaresultofaweatherrelated
supplyshortfall.
Source:MultiHazardIdentificationandRiskAssessment:ACornerstoneoftheNationalMitigationStrategy,FEMA

FINAL April 2014
5:22
Droughts are slowonset hazards, but, over time, can have very damaging affects to crops, municipal
watersupplies,recreationaluses,andwildlife.Ifdroughtconditionsextendoveranumberofyears,the
directandindirecteconomicimpactcanbesignificant.
ThePalmerDroughtSeverityIndex(PDSI)isbasedonobserveddroughtconditionsandrangefrom0.5
(incipientdryspell)to4.0(extremedrought).EvidentinFigure5.4,thePalmerDroughtSeverityIndex
SummaryMapfortheUnitedStated,droughtaffectsmostareasoftheUnitedStates,butislesssevere
intheEasternandSoutheasternUnitedStates.
FIGURE5.4:PALMERDROUGHTSEVERITYINDEXSUMMARYMAPFORTHE
UNITEDSTATES
Source:NationalDroughtMitigationCenter
TheU.S.DroughtMonitoralsorecordsinformationonhistoricaldroughtoccurrence.TheU.S.Drought
MonitorcategorizesdroughtonaD0D4scaleasTable5.11presentsdefinitionsfortheseclassifications.
FINAL April 2014
5:23
TABLE5.11U.S.DROUGHTMONITOR
HEATWAVE
Extreme heat is defined as temperatures that hover 10 degrees or more above the average high
temperature fortheregionandthatlastforanextendedperiod oftime.Aheatwavemayoccurwhen
temperatureshover10degreesormoreabovetheaveragehightemperaturefortheregionandlastfor
aprolongednumberofdaysorseveralweeks.Humidconditionsmayalsoaddtothediscomfortofhigh
temperatures.
While extreme heat does not typically affect buildings, the impact to the population can have grave
effects. Health risks from extreme heat include heat cramps, heat fainting, heat exhaustion and heat
stroke.AccordingtotheNationalWeatherService(whichcompilesdatafromtheNationalClimaticData
Center), heat is the leading weatherrelated killer in the United States. During the tenyear period
between 2000 and 2009 heat events killed 162 people more people than lightning, tornado, flood,
cold,winterstorm,windandhurricanehazards.However,mostdeathsareattributedtoprolongedheat
waves in large cities that rarely experience hot weather. The elderly and the ill are most atrisk, along
withthosewhoexerciseoutdoorsinhot,humidweather.
The National Weather Service devised the Heat Index as a mechanism to better inform the public of
heat dangers. The Heat Index Chart, shown in Figure 5.5, uses air temperature and humidity to
determine the heat index or apparent temperature. Table 5.12 shows the dangers associated with
different heat index temperatures. Some populations, such as the elderly and young, are more
susceptibletoheatdangerthanothersegmentsofthepopulation.
D0 AbnormallyDry
Goingintodrought:shorttermdrynessslowingplanting,
growthofcropsorpastures.Comingoutofdrought:
somelingeringwaterdeficits;pasturesorcropsnotfully
recovered
D1 ModerateDrought
Somedamagetocrops,pastures;streams,reservoirs,or
wellslow,somewatershortagesdevelopingor
imminent;voluntarywateruserestrictionsrequested
D2 SevereDrought
Croporpasturelosseslikely;watershortagescommon;
waterrestrictionsimposed
D3 ExtremeDrought
Majorcrop/pasturelosses;widespreadwatershortages
orrestrictions
D4 ExceptionalDrought
Exceptionalandwidespreadcrop/pasturelosses;
shortagesofwaterinreservoirs,streams,andwells
creatingwateremergencies
SourceUSDroughtMonitor,http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/classify.htm
FINAL April 2014
5:24
FIGURE5.5:HEATINDEXCHART
Source:NOAA
TABLE5.12:HEATDISORDERSASSOCIATEDWITHHEATINDEXTEMPERATURE
HeatIndexTemperature
(Fahrenheit)
DescriptionofRisks
8090 Fatiguepossiblewithprolongedexposureand/orphysicalactivity
90105
Sunstroke,heatcramps,andheatexhaustionpossiblewithprolongedexposure
and/orphysicalactivity
105130
Sunstroke,heatcramps,andheatexhaustionlikely,andheatstrokepossiblewith
prolongedexposureand/orphysicalactivity
130orhigher Heatstrokeorsunstrokeishighlylikelywithcontinuedexposure
Source:NationalWeatherService,NOAA
Drought and heat waves typically cover a large area and cannot be confined to any geographic or
political boundaries. Furthermore, it is assumed that the MEMA District 4 Region would be uniformly
exposed to drought, making the spatial extent potentially widespread. It is also notable that drought
conditions typically do not cause significant damage to the built environment but may exacerbate
wildfireconditions.Itisalsonotablethatdroughtconditionstypicallydonot causesignificantdamage
tothebuiltenvironmentbutmayexacerbatewildfireconditions.

FINAL April 2014
5:25
DROUGHT
Data from the U.S. Drought Monitor and National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) were used to ascertain
historicaldroughteventsintheMEMADistrict4Region.TheU.S.DroughtMonitorreportsdataatthe
countylevelonaweeklybasisthroughoutthecounty.ItclassifiesdroughtconditionsonascaleofD0to
D4,asdescribedinTable5.11above.
According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, all of the counties in the MEMA District 4 Region had drought
levels(includingabnormallydry)inatleasttenofthelastthirteenyears(20002012)(Table5.13).The
most severe drought classification reported for each year, according to U.S. Drought Monitor
classifications, is listed in the jurisdictionspecific annexes. It should be noted that the U.S. Drought
Monitoralsoestimateswhatpercentageofthecountyisineachclassificationofdroughtseverity.For
example,themostsevereclassificationreportedmaybeexceptional,butamajorityofthecountymay
actuallybeinalessseverecondition.
TABLE5.13:SUMMARYOFDROUGHTOCCURRENCESINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
AbnormallyDryModerateDroughtSevereDroughtExtremeDroughtExceptionalDrought
Location
NumberYearswithDrought
Occurrences
NumberofyearswithExceptional
DroughtOccurrences
CalhounCounty 11 1
ChickasawCounty 10 2
ChoctawCounty 12 2
ClayCounty 12 2
LowndesCounty 12 2
MonroeCounty 12 2
NoxubeeCounty 12 2
OktibbehaCounty 10 2
WebsterCounty 12 2
WinstonCounty 12 2
Source:U.S.DroughtMonitor
Some additional anecdotal information was provided from the National Climatic Data Center on
droughtsintheMEMADistrict4Region.
Summer 2000 Drought As shown in Figure 5.6 below, drought conditions were pronounced
throughoutmuchofthesouthandwesternareasofthenation.
FINAL April 2014
5:26
FIGURE5.6:PALMERDROUGHTINDEXFORAUGUST2000
August/September 2007 Rainfall was about two inches below normal for the month of August and
againinSeptember,increasingtheyearlydeficittoaround13to17inchesbelownormal.Thedrought
impacted agricultural and hydrological interests of the area. Burn bans in some locations were issued
duetothelackofrainfall.
HEATWAVE
TheNationalClimaticDataCenterwasusedtodeterminehistoricalheatwaveoccurrencesintheregion.
Summerof2000HeatWaveHottemperaturespersistedfromJulytoSeptemberacrosstheSouthand
Plains. Known as the Summer of 2000 Heat Wave, high temperatures commonly peaked over 100
degrees. As shown in Figure 5.7 below, there were several days over 90 degree than the typical
average.ThiswasthefourthwarmestJulyAugustonrecord.

FINAL April 2014
5:27
FIGURE5.7:DEPARTUREFROMAVERAGENUMBEROF90DEGREEDAYS
Source:http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/drought/2000/16#Heat
July2005Afivedayheatwavecoveredthearea.Temperatureswereconsistentlyabove95degrees.
Theagriculturalindustrywashitparticularlyhardinthecattleandcatfishsectors.Watersupplyissues
wereencounteredbycitiesandaburnbanwasimplementedduetothehighfirerisk.
August 2005 A heat wave covering the south began in midAugust and lasted about 10 days. High
temperatures were consistently over 95 degrees and surpassed 100 degrees on some days. It was the
firsttimesinceAugust2000that100degreetemperaturesreachedthearea.
July2006Ashortheatwaveimpactedmostoftheareatemperaturesinthe90stoaround100forfive
straightdays.
August 2007 A heat wave gripped most of the area with the warmest temperatures since 2000. It
lastedfromAugust5
th
tothe16
th
.
June2010AprolongedheatwaveoccurredduringthemiddletolatterpartofJuneacrosstheregion.
Heatindexreadingsrangedfrom100to110degrees.

FINAL April 2014
5:28
August2010Thecombinationofhighhumidityandabovenormaltemperaturesproducedheatindex
readingsrangedbetween105and109degreesduringtheafternoonhoursinthemiddlepartofAugust.
DROUGHT
AccordingtothePalmerDroughtSeverityIndex(Figure5.4),MEMADistrict4hasarelativelylowriskfor
droughthazard(5to9.99%).However,localareasmayexperiencemuchmoresevereand/orfrequent
droughteventsthanwhatisrepresentedonthePalmerDroughtSeverityIndexmap.
Based on historical occurrence information, it is assumed that all of the MEMA District 4 Region has a
probability level of likely (10100 percent annual probability) for future drought events. However, the
extent (or magnitude) of drought and the amount of geographic area covered by drought, varies with
eachyear.Historicinformationindicatesthatthereisamuchlowerprobabilityforextreme,longlasting
droughtconditions.
HEATWAVE
probabilityleveloflikely(10100percentannualprobability)forfutureheatwaveevents.
5.8 WILDFIRE

5.8.1 Background
Awildfireisanyoutdoorfire(i.e.grassland,forest,brushland)thatisnotundercontrol,supervised,or
prescribed.
8
Wildfiresarepartofthenaturalmanagementofforestecosystems,butmayalsobecaused
byhumanfactors.
Nationally, over 80 percent of forest fires are started by negligent human behavior such as smoking in
wooded areas or improperly extinguishing campfires. The second most common cause for wildfire is
lightning.InMississippi,amajorityoffiresarecausedbydebrisburning.
There are three classes of wildland fires: surface fire, ground fire, and crown fire. A surface fire is the
mostcommonofthesethreeclassesandburnsalongthefloorofaforest,movingslowlyandkillingor
damaging trees. A ground fire (muck fire) is usually started by lightning or human carelessness and
burns on or below the forest floor. Crown fires spread rapidly by wind and move quickly by jumping
along the tops of trees. Wildfires are usually signaled by dense smoke that fills the area for miles
around.
Wildfire probability depends on local weather conditions, outdoor activities such as camping, debris
burning, and construction, and the degree of public cooperation with fire prevention measures.

8
Prescription burning, or controlled burn, undertaken by land management agencies is the process of igniting fires under
selected conditions, in accordance with strict parameters.
FINAL April 2014
5:29
Drought conditions and other natural hazards (such as tornadoes, hurricanes, etc.) increase the
probabilityofwildfiresbyproducingfuelinbothurbanandruralsettings.
Many individual homes and cabins, subdivisions, resorts, recreational areas, organizational camps,
businesses, and industries are located within high wildfire hazard areas. Furthermore, the increasing
demand for outdoor recreation places more people in wildlands during holidays, weekends, and
vacation periods. Unfortunately, wildland residents and visitors are rarely educated or prepared for
wildfireeventsthatcansweepthroughthebrushandtimberanddestroypropertywithinminutes.
Wildfirescanresultinsevereeconomiclossesaswell.Businessesthatdependontimber,suchaspaper
millsandlumbercompanies,experiencelossesthatareoftenpassedalongtoconsumersthroughhigher
prices and sometimes jobs are lost. The high cost of responding to and recovering from wildfires can
depletestateresourcesandincreaseinsurancerates.Theeconomicimpactofwildfirescanalsobefelt
inthetourismindustryifroadsandtouristattractionsareclosedduetohealthandsafetyconcerns.
Stateandlocalgovernmentscanimposefiresafetyregulationsonhomesitesanddevelopmentstohelp
curbwildfire.Landtreatmentmeasuressuchasfireaccessroads,waterstorage,helipads,safetyzones,
buffers,firebreaks,fuelbreaks,andfuelmanagementcanbedesignedaspartofanoverallfiredefense
systemtoaidinfirecontrol.Fuelmanagement,prescribedburning,andcooperativelandmanagement
planningcanalsobeencouragedtoreducefirehazards.
Theentireregionisatrisktoawildfireoccurrence.However,severalfactorssuchasdroughtconditions
or high levels of fuel on the forest floor, may make a wildfire more likely. Furthermore, areas in the
urbanwildland interface are particularly susceptible to fire hazard as populations abut formerly
undevelopedareas.TheFireOccurrenceAreasinthefigurebelowgiveanindicationofhistoriclocation.
Figure5.8showstheFireOccurrenceAreas(FOA)intheMEMADistrict4Regionbasedondatafromthe
SouthernWildfireRiskAssessment.Thisdataisbasedonhistoricalfireignitionsandisreportedasthe
numberoffiresthatoccurper1,000acreseachyear.

FINAL April 2014
5:30
FIGURE5.8:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:SouthernWildfireRiskAssessment
BasedondatafromtheMississippiForestryCommissionfrom2002to2011,theMEMADistrict4Region
experiencedanaverageof18wildfiresannuallywhichburnedacombined186acres,onaverage.Table
5.14providesasummarytableforwildfireoccurrencesinthe MEMADistrict4Region.For alistofthe
numberofreportedwildfireoccurrencesintheparticipatingcountiesbetweentheyears2002and2011,
pleaseseethecountyspecificannexestothisplan.
FINAL April 2014
5:31
TABLE5.14:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Calhoun
County
Chickasaw
County
Choctaw
County
Clay
County
Lowndes
County
AverageNumberofFires
peryear 10.9 6.9 16.7 14.2 12.4
AverageNumberofAcres
Burnedperyear 137.3 62.6 112.1 89.6 127.7
Burnedperfire 12.6 9.1 6.7 6.3 10.3
*Thesevaluesreflectaveragesovera10yearperiod.
Source:MississippiForestryCommission
TABLE5.14(CONT):SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Monroe
County
Noxubee
County
Oktibbeha
County
Webster
County
Winston
County
AverageNumberofFires
peryear 21.0 8.2 11.0 27.1 49.7
Burnedperyear 202.6 145.2 111.2 218.6 656.6
Burnedperfire 9.6 17.7 10.1 8.1 13.2
WildfireeventswillbeanongoingoccurrenceintheMEMADistrict4Region.Thelikelihoodofwildfires
increasesduringdrought cyclesandabnormallydryconditions.Firesarelikelytostaysmallinsizebut
couldincreaseduetolocalclimateandgroundconditions.Dry,windyconditionswithanaccumulation
of forest floor fuel (potentially due to ice storms or lack of fire) could create conditions for a large fire
that spreads quickly. It should also be noted that some areas do vary somewhat in risk. For example,
highly developed areas are less susceptible unless they are located near the urbanwildland boundary.
Theriskwillalsovaryduetoassets.Areasintheurbanwildlandinterfacewillhavemuchmoreproperty
at risk, resulting in increased vulnerability and need to mitigate compared to rural, mainly forested
areas.Inthiscase,theparticipatingjurisdictionsappeartohaveasimilarrisktothesurroundingareas.
TheprobabilityassignedtotheMEMADistrict4Regionforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100
percentannualprobability).

FINAL April 2014
5:32
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

5.9 EARTHQUAKE

5.9.1 Background
Anearthquakeismovementortremblingofthegroundproducedbysuddendisplacementofrockinthe
Earth's crust. Earthquakes result from crustal strain, volcanism, landslides, or the collapse of caverns.
Earthquakescanaffecthundredsofthousandsofsquaremiles,causedamagetopropertymeasuredin
the tens of billions of dollars, result in loss of life and injury to hundreds of thousands of persons, and
disruptthesocialandeconomicfunctioningoftheaffectedarea.
Most property damage and earthquakerelated deaths are caused by the failure and collapse of
structuresduetogroundshaking.Thelevelofdamagedependsupontheamplitudeanddurationofthe
shaking, which are directly related to the earthquake size, distance from the fault, site, and regional
geology. Other damaging earthquake effects include landslides, the downslope movement of soil and
rock (mountain regions and along hillsides), and liquefaction, in which ground soil loses the ability to
resist shear and flows much like quick sand. In the case of liquefaction, anything relying on the
substrataforsupportcanshift,tilt,rupture,orcollapse.
Mostearthquakesarecausedbythereleaseofstressesaccumulatedasaresultoftheruptureofrocks
along opposing fault planes in the Earths outer crust. These fault planes are typically found along
borders of the Earth's 10 tectonic plates. The areas of greatest tectonic instability occur at the
perimeters of the slowly moving plates, as these locations are subjected to the greatest strains from
plates traveling in opposite directions and at different speeds. Deformation along plate boundaries
causes strain in the rock and the consequent buildup of stored energy. When the builtup stress
exceeds the rocks' strength a rupture occurs. The rock on both sides of the fracture is snapped,
releasingthestoredenergyandproducingseismicwaves,generatinganearthquake.
ThegreatestearthquakethreatintheUnitedStatesisalongtectonicplateboundariesandseismicfault
lines located in the central and western states; however, the Eastern United State does face moderate
risk to less frequent, less intense earthquake events. Figure 5.9 shows relative seismic risk for the
UnitedStates.

FINAL April 2014
5:33
FIGURE5.9:UNITEDSTATESEARTHQUAKEHAZARDMAP
Source:UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey
Earthquakesaremeasuredintermsoftheirmagnitudeandintensity.Magnitudeismeasuredusingthe
Richter Scale, an openended logarithmic scale that describes the energy release of an earthquake
through a measure of shock wave amplitude (Table 5.15). Each unit increase in magnitude on the
Richter Scale corresponds to a 10fold increase in wave amplitude, or a 32fold increase in energy.
IntensityismostcommonlymeasuredusingtheModifiedMercalliIntensity(MMI)Scalebasedondirect
and indirect measurements of seismic effects. The scale levels are typically described using roman
numerals, ranging from I corresponding to imperceptible (instrumental) events to XII for
catastrophic (total destruction). A detailed description of the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale of
earthquakeintensityanditscorrespondencetotheRichterScaleisgiveninTable5.16.
TABLE5.15:RICHTERSCALE
RICHTER
MAGNITUDES
EARTHQUAKEEFFECTS
<3.5 Generallynotfelt,butrecorded.
3.55.4 Oftenfelt,butrarelycausesdamage.
5.46.0
Atmostslightdamagetowelldesignedbuildings.Cancausemajordamagetopoorlyconstructed
buildingsoversmallregions.
6.16.9 Canbedestructiveinareasuptoabout100kilometersacrosswherepeoplelive.
7.07.9 Majorearthquake.Cancauseseriousdamageoverlargerareas.
8or> Greatearthquake.Cancauseseriousdamageinareasseveralhundredkilometersacross.
Source:FederalEmergencyManagementAgency

FINAL April 2014
5:34
TABLE5.16:MODIFIEDMERCALLIINTENSITYSCALEFOREARTHQUAKES
SCALE INTENSITY DESCRIPTIONOFEFFECTS
CORRESPONDING
RICHTERSCALE
MAGNITUDE
I INSTRUMENTAL Detectedonlyonseismographs.
II FEEBLE Somepeoplefeelit. <4.2
III SLIGHT Feltbypeopleresting;likeatruckrumblingby.
IV MODERATE Feltbypeoplewalking.
V SLIGHTLYSTRONG Sleepersawake;churchbellsring. <4.8
VI STRONG
Treessway;suspendedobjectsswing,objectsfalloff
shelves.
<5.4
VII VERYSTRONG Mildalarm;wallscrack;plasterfalls. <6.1
VIII DESTRUCTIVE
Movingcarsuncontrollable;masonryfractures,
poorlyconstructedbuildingsdamaged.
IX RUINOUS
Somehousescollapse;groundcracks;pipesbreak
open.
<6.9
X DISASTROUS
Groundcracksprofusely;manybuildingsdestroyed;
liquefactionandlandslideswidespread.
<7.3
XI VERYDISASTROUS
Mostbuildingsandbridgescollapse;roads,railways,
pipesandcablesdestroyed;generaltriggeringof
otherhazards.
<8.1
XII CATASTROPHIC
Totaldestruction;treesfall;groundrisesandfallsin
waves.
>8.1
Figure5.10showstheintensitylevelassociatedwiththeMEMADistrict4Region,basedonthenational
USGS map of peak acceleration with 10 percent probability of exceedance in 50 years. It is the
probability that ground motion will reach a certain level during an earthquake. The data show peak
horizontalgroundacceleration(thefastestmeasuredchangeinspeed,foraparticleatgroundlevelthat
is moving horizontally due to an earthquake) with a 10 percent probability of exceedance in 50 years.
The map was compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Geologic Hazards Team, which conducts
global investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, all of
theMEMADistrict4Regionlieswithinanapproximatezoneoflevel3to5groundacceleration.This
indicatesthattheregionasawholeexistswithinanareaofmoderateseismicrisk.

FINAL April 2014
5:35
FIGURE5.10:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
At least 25 earthquakes are known to have affected the MEMA District 4 Region since 1886. The
strongestofthesemeasuredaVontheModifiedMercalliIntensity(MMI)scale.Table5.17providesa
summary of earthquake events reported by the National Geophysical Data Center between 1638 and
1985.Adetailedoccurrenceofeacheventincludingthedate,distancefromtheepicenter,magnitude,
andModifiedMercalliIntensity(ifknown)canbefoundinthejurisdictionspecificannexes.
9
TABLE5.17:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
CalhounCounty 10 V <4.8
BigCreek 1 III <4.8
Bruce 0
CalhounCity 1 III <4.8
Derma 1 V <4.8

9
Due to reporting mechanisms, not all earthquakes events were recorded during this time. Furthermore, some are missing data,
such as the epicenter location, due to a lack of widely used technology. In these instances, a value of unknown is reported.
FINAL April 2014
5:36
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Pittsboro 2 V <4.8
SlateSprings 1 IV <4.8
Vardaman 1 IV <4.8
UnincorporatedArea 3 IV <4.8
ChickasawCounty 4 IV <4.8
Houston 2 IV <4.8
NewHoulka 1 IV <4.8
Okolona 1 IV <4.8
Woodland 0
UnincorporatedArea 0
ChoctawCounty 1 IV <4.8
Ackerman 1 IV <4.8
FrenchCamp 0
Weir 0
ClayCounty 1 III <4.8
WestPoint 1 III <4.8
LowndesCounty 4 V <4.8
Artesia 0
Caledonia 0
Columbus 3 V <4.8
Crawford 0
UnincorporatedArea 1 III <4.8
MonroeCounty 4 IV <4.8
Aberdeen 3 IV <4.8
Amory 0
Gattman 0
Hatley 0
Smithville 1 II <4.2
NoxubeeCounty 0
Brooksville 0
Macon 0
Shuqualak 0
OktibbehaCounty 0
Maben 0
Starkville 0
Sturgis 0
WebsterCounty 1 III <4.8
Eupora 1 III <4.8
Mantee 0
Mathiston 0
FINAL April 2014
5:37
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Walthall 0
WinstonCounty 0
Louisville 0
Noxapater 0
MEMADISTRICT4REGION
TOTAL
25 V <4.8
Source:NationalGeophysicalDataCenter
InadditiontothoseearthquakesspecificallyaffectingtheMEMADistrict4Region,alistofearthquakes
thathaveaffectedMississippiispresentedbelowinTable5.18.
TABLE5.18:EARTHQUAKESWHICHHAVEAFFECTEDMISSISSIPPI
Date Origin
RichterScale
(Magnitude)
MMI
(Intensity)
MMIin
Mississippi
MEMADistrict4
CountiesAffected
18111812 NewMadridSeismicZone 7.88.1 XI Notavailable
Affectedcountiesas
farastheGulfCoast
3/29/1972 NewMadridSeismicZone Notavailable IV I,II,III,IV
4/29/2003 8milesENEofFt.Payne,AL 4.6 V I,II,III,IV
Chickasaw,Clay,
Lowndes,Monroe,
andOktibbeha
11/7/2004 25milesSWofTuscaloosa,AL 4.0 V I,II,III,IV
Clay,Oktibbeha,and
Monroe
2/10/2005 22milesWSWofBlytheville,AR 4.1 V I,II,III
5/1/2005 15milesWSWofBlytheville,AR 4.1 IV I,II,III
6/2/2005 10milesNNWofDyersburg,TN 4.0 III I
9/10/2006 253milesSSWofApalachicola,FL 6.0 VI I,II,III,IV Webster
Source:StateofMississippiStandardMitigationPlan
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting The MEMA District 4 Region is
unlikely.However,itispossiblethatfutureearthquakesresultinginlighttomoderateperceivedshaking
anddamagesrangingfromnonetoverylightwillaffectthecounty.Theannualprobabilitylevelforthe
regionisestimatedtobebetween1and10percent(possible).
5.10 LANDSLIDE

5.10.1 Background
Alandslideisthedownwardandoutwardmovementofslopeformingsoil,rock,andvegetation,which
is driven by gravity. Landslides may be triggered by both natural and humancaused changes in the
environment, including heavy rain, rapid snow melt, steepening of slopes due to construction or
erosion,earthquakes,volcaniceruptions,andchangesingroundwaterlevels.
FINAL April 2014
5:38
There are several types of landslides: rock falls, rock topple, slides, and flows. Rock falls are rapid
movements of bedrock, which result in bouncing or rolling. A topple is a section or block of rock that
rotates or tilts before falling to the slope below. Slides are movements of soil or rock along a distinct
surface of rupture, which separates the slide material from the more stable underlying material.
Mudflows,sometimesreferredtoasmudslides,mudflows,laharsordebrisavalanches,arefastmoving
rivers of rock, earth, and other debris saturated with water. They develop when water rapidly
accumulates in the ground, such as heavy rainfall or rapid snowmelt, changing the soil into a flowing
river of mud or slurry. Slurry can flow rapidly down slopes or through channels and can strike with
littleornowarningatavalanchespeeds.Slurrycantravelseveralmilesfromitssource,growinginsize
as it picks up trees, cars, and other materials along the way. As the flows reach flatter ground, the
mudflowspreadsoverabroadareawhereitcanaccumulateinthickdeposits.
Landslidesaretypicallyassociatedwithperiodsofheavyrainfallorrapidsnowmeltandtendtoworsen
theeffectsoffloodingthatoftenaccompaniestheseevents.Inareasburnedbyforestandbrushfires,a
lowerthresholdofprecipitationmayinitiatelandslides.Somelandslidesmoveslowlyandcausedamage
gradually, whereas others move so rapidly that they can destroy property and take lives suddenly and
unexpectedly.
Among the most destructive types of debris flows are those that accompany volcanic eruptions. A
spectacularexampleintheUnitedStateswasamassivedebrisflowresultingfromthe1980eruptionsof
MountSt.Helens,Washington.AreasnearthebasesofmanyvolcanoesintheCascadeMountainRange
of California, Oregon, and Washington are at risk from the same types of flows during future volcanic
eruptions.
Areasthataregenerallypronetolandslidehazardsincludepreviouslandslideareas,thebasesofsteep
slopes, the bases of drainage channels, and developed hillsides where leachfield septic systems are
used.Areasthataretypicallyconsideredsafefromlandslidesincludeareasthathavenotmovedinthe
past,relativelyflatlyingareasawayfromsuddenchangesinslope,andareasatthetoporalongridges
setbackfromthetopsofslopes.
According to the United States Geological Survey, each year landslides cause $5.1 billion (2009 dollars)
in damage and between 25 and 50 deaths in the United States.
10
Figure 5.11 delineates areas where
large numbers of landslides have occurred and areas that are susceptible to landsliding in the
conterminousUnitedStates.
11

10
United States Geological Survey (USGS). United States Department of the Interior. Landslide Hazards A National Threat.
2005.
11
This map layer is provided in the U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1183, Landslide Overview Map of the
Conterminous United States, available online at: http://landslides.usgs.gov/html_files/landslides/nationalmap/national.html.

FINAL April 2014
5:39
FIGURE5.11:LANDSLIDEOVERVIEWMAPOFTHECONTERMINOUSUNITEDSTATES

Source:USGS
Landslides occur along steep slopes when the pull of gravity can no longer be resisted (often due to
heavy rain). Human development can also exacerbate risk by building on previously undevelopable
steep slopes. Landslides are possible throughout the MEMA District 4 Region but there is a very low
incidencerateoflessthan1.5percentoftheareainvolved(accordingtotheUSGSdata).
FINAL April 2014
5:40
According to Figure 5.12 below, the entire region falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that
lessthan1.5percentoftheareaisinvolvedinlandsliding.
FIGURE5.12:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYMAPOFTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
5:41
There is no extensive history of landslides in the MEMA District 4 Region. Landslide events typically
occurinisolatedareas.
Based on historical information and the USGS susceptibility index, the probability of future landslide
eventsisunlikely(lessthan1percentprobability).TheUSGSdataindicatesthatallareasintheMEMA
District4 Regionhavealowincidencerateandlowsusceptibly tolandslidingactivity.Local conditions
may become more favorable for landslides due to heavy rain, for example. This would increase the
likelihood of occurrence. It should also be noted that some areas in the MEMA District 4 Region have
greaterriskthanothersgivenfactorssuchassteepnessonslopeandmodificationofslopes.
5.11 EXPANSIVE SOILS

5.11.1 Background
Expansive soils, also called shrinkswell soils, are soils that will exhibit some degree of volume change
withvariationsinmoistureconditions.Dependinguponthesupplyofmoistureintheground,expansive
soilswillexperiencechangesinvolumeofuptothirtypercentormore.Themostimportantproperties
affecting degree of volume change in a soil are clay mineralogy and the aqueous environment.
Generally speaking, expansive soils often appear sticky when wet and are characterized by surface
crackswhendry.
The effects of expansive soils are typically experienced in regions of moderate to high precipitation,
where periods of drought are followed by periods of rainfall. Expansive soils become a problem when
structuresarebuiltuponthemwithouttakingproperdesignprecautionsintoaccountwithregardtosoil
type.Crackinginwallsandfloorscanbeminor,orcanbesevereenoughforthehometobestructurally
unsafe.Expansivesoilsareknowntocauseadverseeffectsonstructuresandinfrastructurethroughout
the United States. Figure 5.13 delineates areas underlain by soils with swelling potential in the
conterminousUnitedStates.
12

12
This map layer is provided in the U.S. Geological Survey Investigation Series Map 1940, Swelling Clays Map of the
Conterminous United States, available online at: http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_10014.htm.

FINAL April 2014
5:42
FIGURE5.13:SWELLINGCLAYSMAPOFTHECONTERMINOUSUNITEDSTATES
Source:USGS
Due to the amount of clay minerals present in the MEMA District 4 Region, expansive soils present a
threat to the region. Areas underlain by soils with swelling potential are shown in Figure 5.14. The
areas in blue are underlain with generally less than 50 percent clay having high swelling potential and
theareasinredareunderlainwithabundantclayhavinghighswellingpotential.

FINAL April 2014
5:43
FIGURE5.14:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS
There is no historical record of significant expansive soil events in the MEMA District 4 Region.
However, expansive soils have been known to cause considerable damage to structural foundations in
theregion,althoughtheyhavenotposedasignificantthreattohumanlife.
Basedonhistoricalinformation,theprobabilityoffutureexpansivesoileventsislikely (between1and
100percentannually).
FINAL April 2014
5:44
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

5.12 HURRICANE AND TROPICAL STORM

5.12.1 Background
Hurricanes and tropical storms are classified as cyclones and defined as any closed circulation
developing around a lowpressure center in which the winds rotate counterclockwise in the Northern
Hemisphere (or clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere) and whose diameter averages 10 to 30 miles
across. A tropical cyclone refers to any such circulation that develops over tropical waters. Tropical
cyclonesactasasafetyvalve,limitingthecontinuedbuildupofheatandenergyintropicalregionsby
maintaining the atmospheric heat and moisture balance between the tropics and the poleward
latitudes. The primary damaging forces associated with these storms are highlevel sustained winds,
heavyprecipitation,andtornadoes.
Thekeyenergysourceforatropicalcycloneisthereleaseoflatentheatfromthecondensationofwarm
water.Theirformationrequiresalowpressuredisturbance,warmseasurfacetemperature,rotational
force from the spinning of the earth, and the absence of wind shear in the lowest 50,000 feet of the
atmosphere.ThemajorityofhurricanesandtropicalstormsformintheAtlanticOcean,CaribbeanSea,
andGulfofMexicoduringtheofficialAtlantichurricaneseason,whichencompassesthemonthsofJune
through November. The peak of the Atlantic hurricane season is in early to midSeptember and the
averagenumberofstormsthatreachhurricaneintensityperyearintheAtlanticbasinisaboutsix.
As an incipient hurricane develops, barometric pressure (measured in millibars or inches) at its center
fallsandwindsincrease.Iftheatmosphericandoceanicconditionsarefavorable,itcanintensifyintoa
tropicaldepression.Whenmaximumsustainedwindsreachorexceed39milesperhour,thesystemis
designatedatropicalstorm,givenaname,andiscloselymonitoredbytheNationalHurricaneCenterin
Miami, Florida. When sustained winds reach or exceed 74 miles per hour the storm is deemed a
hurricane.HurricaneintensityisfurtherclassifiedbytheSaffirSimpsonScale(Table5.19),whichrates
hurricaneintensityonascaleof1to5,with5beingthemostintense.
TABLE5.19:SAFFIRSIMPSONSCALE
Category
MaximumSustained
WindSpeed(MPH)
1 7495
2 96110
3 111129
4 130156
5 157+
Source:NationalHurricaneCenter
TheSaffirSimpsonScalecategorizeshurricaneintensitylinearlybaseduponmaximumsustainedwinds,
barometric pressure and storm surge potential, which are combined to estimate potential damage.
Categories 3, 4, and 5 are classified as major hurricanes and, while hurricanes within this range
comprise only 20 percent of total tropical cyclone landfalls, they account for over 70 percent of the
damageintheUnitedStates.Table5.20describesthedamagethatcouldbeexpectedforeachcategory
FINAL April 2014
5:45
of hurricane. Damage during hurricanes may also result from spawned tornadoes, storm surge, and
inlandfloodingassociatedwithheavyrainfallthatusuallyaccompaniesthesestorms.
TABLE5.20:HURRICANEDAMAGECLASSIFICATIONS
Storm
Category
Damage
Level
DescriptionofDamages
Photo
Example
1 MINIMAL
Norealdamagetobuildingstructures.Damageprimarilyto
unanchoredmobilehomes,shrubbery,andtrees.Also,some
coastalfloodingandminorpierdamage.
2 MODERATE
Someroofingmaterial,door,andwindowdamage.
Considerabledamagetovegetation,mobilehomes,etc.
Floodingdamagespiersandsmallcraftinunprotected
mooringsmaybreaktheirmoorings.
3 EXTENSIVE
Somestructuraldamagetosmallresidencesandutility
buildings,withaminoramountofcurtainwallfailures.Mobile
homesaredestroyed.Floodingnearthecoastdestroyssmaller
structures,withlargerstructuresdamagedbyfloatingdebris.
Terrainmaybefloodedwellinland.
4 EXTREME
Moreextensivecurtainwallfailureswithsomecompleteroof
structurefailureonsmallresidences.Majorerosionofbeach
areas.Terrainmaybefloodedwellinland.
5 CATASTROPHIC
Completerooffailureonmanyresidencesandindustrial
buildings.Somecompletebuildingfailureswithsmallutility
buildingsblownoveroraway.Floodingcausesmajordamage
tolowerfloorsofallstructuresneartheshoreline.Massive
evacuationofresidentialareasmayberequired.
Source:NationalHurricaneCenter;FederalEmergencyManagementAgency
Hurricanes and tropical storms threaten the entire Atlantic and Gulf seaboard of the United States.
While coastal areas are most directly exposed to the brunt of landfalling storms, their impact is often
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect the MEMA District 4 Region. All areas in the MEMA
District4Regionareequallysusceptibletohurricaneandtropicalstorms.
According to the National Hurricane Centers historical storm track records, 38 hurricane or tropical
stormtrackshavepassedwithin75milesoftheMEMADistrict4Regionsince1850.
13
Thisincludes:one
Category3hurricane,oneCategory2hurricane,sixCategory1hurricanes,andthirtytropicalstorms.
Oftherecordedstormevents,fifteenhurricaneortropicalstormeventstraverseddirectlythroughthe
RegionasshowninFigure5.15.AlloftheeventsweretropicalstormsexceptHurricaneFredericwhich
passed through as a Category 1 hurricane. Table 5.21 provides for each event the date of occurrence,
name(ifapplicable),maximumwindspeed(asrecordedwithin75milesoftheMEMADistrict4Region)
andcategoryofthestormbasedontheSaffirSimpsonScale.

13
These storm track statistics include tropical storms and hurricanes. Lesser events may still cause significant local impact in
terms of rainfall and high winds.
FINAL April 2014
5:46
FIGURE5.15:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFTHE
MEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,NationalHurricaneCenter

FINAL April 2014
5:47
TABLE5.21:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFTHEMEMA4DISTRICTREGION
(18502012)
DateofOccurrence StormName
MaximumWindSpeed
(knots)
StormCategory
9/16/1855 NOTNAMED 70 Category1
9/16/1860 NOTNAMED 50 TropicalStorm
8/31/1950 BAKER 65 Category1
9/16/1960 ETHEL 35 TropicalStorm
8/18/1969 CAMILLE 100 Category3
9/17/1971 EDITH 40 TropicalStorm
7/11/1979 BOB 40 TropicalStorm
9/13/1979 FREDERIC 95 Category2
8/4/1995 ERIN 45 TropicalStorm
9/26/2002 ISIDORE 55 TropicalStorm
9/16/2004 IVAN 70 Category1
7/11/2005 DENNIS 45 TropicalStorm
8/29/2005 KATRINA 80 Category1

FINAL April 2014
5:48
Federal records indicate from 1965 to present indicate that disaster declarations were made in 2004
(Hurricane Ivan), 2005 (Hurricane Dennis and Hurricane Katrina), and 2012 (Hurricane Isaac).
14
Hurricane and tropical storm events can cause substantial damage in the area due to high winds and
flooding.
Floodingandhighwindsfromhurricanesandtropicalstormscancausedamagethroughouttheregion.
Many anecdotes are available from NCDC for the major storms that have impacted the area as found
below:
HurricaneIvanSeptember16,2004
ThousandsoftreeswereblowndownacrossEasternMississippiduringtheeventaswellashundredsof
powerlines.Thestrongwinditselfdidnotcausemuchstructuraldamage,howeverthefallentreesdid.
These downed trees accounted for several hundred homes, mobile homes and businesses to be
damagedordestroyed.MostlocationsacrossEasternMississippireportedsustainedwindsbetween30
and 40 mph with Tropical Storm force gusts between 48 and 54 mph. The strongest reported winds
occurredinNewton,LauderdaleandOktibbehaCounties.
Overall, rainfall totals were held in check as Ivan steadily moved north. The heaviest rains were
confinedtofarEasternMississippiwhere3to4inchesfellovera15hourperiod.Duetothedurationof
the rain no flooding was reported. Across Eastern Mississippi, Hurricane Ivan was responsible for one
fatality.ThisfatalityoccurredinBrooksville(NoxubeeCounty)whenatreefellonaman.Damagefrom
Ivanwasestimatedat$200million.
TropicalStormArleneJune11,2005
ThewesternperipheryofTropicalStormArleneaffectedfarEasternMississippiduringtheeveningand
broughtgustywindsandlocallyheavyrainstothatportionofthestate.Peakwindgustswerereported
upto40mphandthecombinationofwetsoilsallowedforafewhundred treesto get blowndown or
uprooted. Several of the downed trees took down power lines and a small few landed on homes
causing damage. Additionally, the counties across Eastern Mississippi received 3 to 5 inches of rain as
Arleneliftednorth.
HurricaneDennisJuly10,2005
Hurricane Dennis moved northnorthwest across Southwest Alabama and then into EastCentral
MississippiandfinallyacrossNortheastMississippi.Windgustsovertropicalstormforcewerecommon
across areas east of a line from Starkville to Newton to Hattiesburg. These winds caused several
hundred trees to uproot or snap and took down numerous power lines. Additionally, a total of 21
homesorbusinessessustainedminortomajordamagefromfallentreesorgustywinds.
The remnants of Hurricane Dennis brought windy conditions to northeast Mississippi. A church under
constructionwasdamagedinCalhounCounty.Severaltreeswereblowndowninthearea.Alightpole
wasbrokeninLeeCounty.AfallentreedamagedahouseinItawambaCounty.
HeavyrainfallwasnotamajorissueasDennissteadilymovedacrosstheregion.Rainfalltotalsbetween
2 and 5 inches fell across Eastern Mississippi over a 12 hour period. One indirect fatality occurred in
JasperCountyfromanautomobileaccidentduetowetroads.

14
FINAL April 2014
5:49
HurricaneKatrinaAugust29,2005
HurricaneKatrinawilllikelygodownastheworstandcostliestnaturaldisasterinUnitedStateshistory.
Theamountofdestruction,thecostofdamagedproperty/agricultureandthelargelossoflifeacrossthe
affectedregionhasbeenoverwhelming.Catastrophicdamagewaswidespreadacrossalargeportionof
the Gulf Coast region. The devastation was not only confined to the coastal region, widespread and
significantdamageoccurredwellinlanduptotheHattiesburgareaandnorthwardpastInterstate20.
Devastation from Hurricane Katrina was widespread across the region. Hurricane force winds were
common across the area. The region received sustained winds of 6080 mph with gusts ranging from
80120mph.Therewaswidespreaddamagetotreesandpowerlines.Winddamagetostructureswas
also widespread, with roofs blown off or partially peeled. Hundreds of signs were shredded or blown
down.Businessessustainedstructuraldamage.Poweroutageslastedfromafewdaystoaslongasfour
weeks. Agriculture and timber industries were severely impacted. Row crops, including cotton, rice,
corn, and soybeans, took a hard hit. Other impacted industries were the catfish industry, dairy and
cattleindustry,andnurserybusinesses.
Hurricane Katrina had weakened to tropical storm strength when it reached north Mississippi. Several
buildings were damaged in Calhoun County due to the winds. Numerous trees and power lines along
with some telephone poles were blown down. Some trees fell on cars, mobile homes, and apartment
buildings. Four to eight inches of rain fell in some parts of northeast Mississippi producing some flash
flooding.Overallatleast100,000customerslostpower.
Given the inland location of the region, it is more likely to be affected by remnants of hurricane and
tropical storm systems (as opposed to a major hurricane) which may result in flooding or high winds.
Theprobabilityofbeingimpactedislessthancoastalareas,butstillremainsarealthreattotheMEMA
District4Regionduetoinducedeventslikeflooding.Basedonhistoricalevidence,theprobabilitylevel
of future occurrence is likely (annual probability between 10 and 100 percent). Given the regional
nature of the hazard, all areas in the region are equally exposed to this hazard. However, when the
region is impacted, the damage could be catastrophic, threatening lives and property throughout the
planningarea.
5.13 THUNDERSTORM (WIND, HAIL, LIGHTNING)

5.13.1 Background
THUNDERSTORM/HIGHWIND
Thunderstorms can produce a variety of accompanying hazards including wind (discussed here), hail,
andlightning.Althoughthunderstormsgenerallyaffectasmallarea,theyareverydangerousmaycause
substantialpropertydamage.
Threeconditionsneedtooccurforathunderstormtoform.First,itneedsmoisturetoformcloudsand
rain.Second,itneedsunstableair,suchaswarmairthatcanriserapidly(thisoftenreferredtoasthe
engineofthestorm).Third,thunderstormsneedlift,whichcomesintheformofcoldorwarmfronts,
FINAL April 2014
5:50
sea breezes, mountains, or the suns heat. When these conditions occur simultaneously, air massesof
varyingtemperaturesmeet,andathunderstormisformed.Thesestormeventscanoccursingularly,in
lines, or in clusters. Furthermore, they can move through an area very quickly or linger for several
hours.
AccordingtotheNationalWeatherService,morethan100,000thunderstormsoccureachyear,though
only about 10 percent of these storms are classified as severe. A severe thunderstorm occurs when
the storm produces at least one of these three elements: 1) hail of threequarters of an inch, 2) a
tornado,or3)windsofatleast58milesperhour.
Downburstsarealsopossiblewiththunderstormevents.Sucheventsareanexcessiveburstofwindin
excessof125milesperhour.Theyareoftenconfusedwithtornadoes.Downburstsarecausedbydown
drafts from the base of a convective thunderstorm cloud. It occurs when raincooled air within the
cloudbecomesheavierthanitssurroundings. Thus,airrushestowardsthegroundinadestructiveyet
isolated manner. There are two types of downbursts. Downbursts less than 2.5 miles wide, duration
lessthan5minutes,andwindsupto168milesperhourarecalledmicrobursts.Largereventsgreater
than2.5milesatthesurfaceandlongerthan5minuteswithwindsupto130milesperhourarereferred
toasmacrobursts.
HAILSTORM
Hailstormsareapotentiallydamagingoutgrowthofseverethunderstorms(thunderstormsarediscussed
separately in Section 5.8). Early in the developmental stages of a hailstorm, ice crystals form within a
lowpressure front due to the rapid rising of warm air into the upper atmosphere and the subsequent
coolingoftheairmass.Frozendropletsgraduallyaccumulateontheicecrystalsuntiltheydeveloptoa
sufficientweightandfallasprecipitation.Hailtypicallytakestheformofspheresorirregularlyshaped
masses greater than 0.75 inches in diameter. The size of hailstones is a direct function of the size and
severity of the storm. High velocity updraft winds are required to keep hail in suspension in
thunderclouds. The strength of the updraft is a function of the intensity of heating at the Earths
surface. Higher temperature gradients relative to elevation above the surface result in increased
suspension time and hailstone size. Table 5.22 shows the TORRO Hailstorm Intensity Scale which is a
wayofmeasuringhailseverity.
TABLE5.22:TORROHAILSTORMINTENSITYSCALE
Intensity
Category
Typical
Hail
Diameter
(mm)
*
Probable
Kinetic
Energy,J
m
2
mmtoinch
conversion
(inches) TypicalDamageImpacts
H0 HardHail 5 020 0 0.2 Nodamage
H1
Potentially
Damaging
515 >20 0.20.6
Slightgeneraldamagetoplants,crops
H2 Significant 1020 >100 0.40.8
Significantdamagetofruit,crops,
vegetation
H3 Severe 2030 >300 0.81.2
Severedamagetofruitandcrops,
damagetoglassandplasticstructures,
paintandwoodscored
H4 Severe 2540 >500 1.01.6
Widespreadglassdamage,vehicle
bodyworkdamage
FINAL April 2014
5:51
Intensity
Category
Typical
Hail
Diameter
(mm)
*
Probable
Kinetic
Energy,J
m
2
mmtoinch
conversion
(inches) TypicalDamageImpacts
H5 Destructive 3050 >800 1.22.0
Wholesaledestructionofglass,
damagetotiledroofs,significantrisk
ofinjuries
H6 Destructive 4060 1.62.4
Bodyworkofgroundedaircraftdented,
brickwallspitted
Severeroofdamage,riskofserious
injuries
(SeverestrecordedintheBritishIsles)
Severedamagetoaircraftbodywork
H9
Super
Hailstorms
75100 3.03.9
Extensivestructuraldamage.Riskof
severeorevenfatalinjuriestopersons
caughtintheopen
H10
Super
Hailstorms
>100
Extensivestructuraldamage.Riskof
severeorevenfatalinjuriestopersons
caughtintheopen
Source:http://www.torro.org.uk/site/hscale.php
LIGHTNING
Lightning isadischargeofelectrical energyresultingfromthebuildupofpositiveandnegativecharges

within a thunderstorm, creating a bolt when the buildup of charges becomes strong enough. This
flashoflightusuallyoccurswithinthecloudsorbetweenthecloudsandtheground.Aboltoflightning
can reach temperatures approaching 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Lightning rapidly heats the sky as it
flashes but the surrounding air cools following the bolt. This rapid heating and cooling of the
surrounding air causes the thunder which often accompanies lightning strikes. While most often
affiliatedwithseverethunderstorms,lightningmayalsostrikeoutsideofheavyrainandmightoccuras
faras10milesawayfromanyrainfall.
Lightningstrikesoccurinverysmall,localizedareas.Forexample,theymaystrikeabuilding,electrical
transformer,orevenaperson.AccordingtoFEMA,lightninginjuresanaverageof300peopleandkills
80 people each year in the United States. Direct lightning strikes also have the ability to cause
significantdamagetobuildings,criticalfacilities,andinfrastructurelargelybyignitingafire.Lightningis
alsoresponsibleforignitingwildfiresthatcanresultinwidespreaddamagestoproperty.
Figure5.16showstheVaisalasU.S.NationalLightningDetectionNetworkwhichindicatestheaverage
flashdensityperfootpersquarekilometerperyear.

FINAL April 2014
5:52
FIGURE5.16:LIGHTNINGFLASHDENSITYINTHEUNITEDSTATES
Source:VaisalaU.S.NationalLightningDetectionNetwork
Athunderstormeventisanatmospherichazard,andthushasnogeographicboundaries.Itistypicallya
widespreadeventthatcanoccurinallregionsoftheUnitedStates.However,thunderstormsaremost
common in the central and southern states because atmospheric conditions in those regions are
favorable for generating these powerful storms. It is assumed that the MEMA District 4 Region has
uniformexposuretoaneventandthespatialextentofanimpactcouldbelarge.
HAILSTORM
Hailstorms frequently accompany thunderstorms, so their locations and spatial extents coincide. It is
assumedthattheMEMADistrict4Regionisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,all
areasoftheregionareequallyexposedtohailwhichmaybeproducedbysuchstorms.
LIGHTNING
Lightning occurs randomly, therefore it is impossible to predict where and with what frequency it will
strike.ItisassumedthatalloftheMEMADistrict4Regionisuniformlyexposedtolightning.

FINAL April 2014
5:53
Severe storms resulted in 12 disaster declarations in the MEMA District 4 Region in between 1979 and
2011.
15
AccordingtoNCDC,therehavebeen1,227reportedthunderstormandhighwindeventssince
1955 in the MEMA District 4 Region.
16
These events caused over $82.1 million in damages (2013
dollars).Therewerealsoreportsof3fatalitiesand33injuries.Table5.23summarizesthisinformation.
Detailedthunderstormandhighwindeventreportsincludingdate,magnitude,andassociateddamages
foreacheventarepresentedinthejurisdictionspecificannexes.
TABLE5.23:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINTHE
MEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 2 0/0 $22,618
Bruce 6 0/0 $67,324
Derma 1 0/0 $7,744
Pittsboro 2 0/0 $21,183
SlateSprings 2 0/0 $14,464
Vardaman 3 0/0 $15,962
Houston 22 0/0 $356,862
NewHoulka 8 0/0 $29,005
Okolona 19 0/0 $253,590
Woodland 5 0/0 $49,615
Ackerman 24 0/0 $250,891
FrenchCamp 11 1/0 $1,040,433
Weir 8 0/0 $41,421
ClayCounty 102 0/1 $2,801,898
WestPoint 34 0/0 $2,070,424
LowndesCounty 227 2/7 $40,624,608
Artesia 3 0/0 $43,253
Caledonia 25 0/1 $244,197

15
16
These thunderstorm events are only inclusive of those reported by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). It is likely that
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in the MEMA District 4 Region. As additional local data becomes available, this
hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
5:54
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Columbus 49 1/4 $19,510,023
Crawford 4 0/0 $20,355
MonroeCounty 180 0/3 $1,057,150
Aberdeen 30 0/1 $440,371
Amory 16 0/0 $55,391
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 7 0/0 $48,013
Smithville 7 0/0 $62,698
Brooksville 21 0/2 $1,268,559
Macon 28 0/0 $358,692
Shuqualak 16 0/0 $102,464
Maben 3 0/0 $36,162
Starkville 48 0/0 $1,634,118
Sturgis 7 0/0 $14,392,793
WebsterCounty 98 0/0 $1,349,123
Eupora 25 0/0 $339,625
Mantee 7 0/0 $34,582
Mathiston 6 0/0 $10,011
Walthall 7 0/0 $165,607
WinstonCounty 104 0/0 $13,976,418
Louisville 42 0/0 $12,923,754
Noxapater 11 0/0 $41,953
MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALTOTAL 1,227 3/33 $82,072,013
HAILSTORM
Hail resulted in one disaster declarations in the MEMA District 4 Region in 1992.
17
According to the
NationalClimaticDataCenter,632recordedhailstormeventshaveaffectedtheMEMADistrict4Region
since 1957.
18
Table 5.24 is a summary of the hail events in the MEMA District 4 Region. Detailed
informationabouteacheventthatoccurredintheregionisprovidedinthejurisdictionspecificannexes.
Inall,hailoccurrencesresultedinover$3.1millioninpropertydamages(2013dollars),withsignificantly

17
Not all of the participating counties were declared disaster areas for this storm. A complete listing of historical disaster
18
These hail events are only inclusive of those reported by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). It is likely that additional
hail events have affected the MEMA District 4 Region. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
5:55
higherdamagesreportedinChoctawCounty.Hailrangedindiameterfrom0.5inchesto3.0inches.It
shouldbenotedthathail isnotoriousforcausingsubstantialdamagetocars,roofs,andotherareasof
thebuiltenvironmentthatmaynotbereportedtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter.Furthermore,high
losses in Choctaw County indicate that neighboring counties may also be subject to additional,
unreportedlosses.Therefore,itislikelythatdamagesaregreaterthanthereportedvalue.Additionally,
asinglestormeventmayhaveaffectedmultiplecounties.
TABLE5.24:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 1 0/0 $1,162
Bruce 6 0/0 $9,860
Derma 1 0/0 $77
Pittsboro 6 0/0 $2,559
Vardaman 0 0/0 $0
Houston 13 0/0 $12,863
NewHoulka 4 0/0 $29
Okolona 13 0/0 $18,789
Woodland 4 0/0 $17,338
ChoctawCounty 48 0/15 $744,879
Ackerman 12 0/15 $457,956
FrenchCamp 11 0/0 $237,838
Weir 10 0/0 $1,344
WestPoint 16 0/0 $16,045
Artesia 5 0/0 $4,723
Caledonia 11 0/0 $124,472
Columbus 29 0/0 $62,824
Crawford 6 0/0 $52,662
Aberdeen 10 0/0 $2,537
Amory 13 0/0 $408
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 5 0/0 $11,666
FINAL April 2014
5:56
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
NoxubeeCounty 72 0/0 $275,475
Brooksville 6 0/0 $14,258
Macon 14 0/0 $2,649
Shuqualak 9 0/0 $3,529
OktibbehaCounty 59 0/0 $493,617
Maben 3 0/0 $318,270
Starkville 25 0/0 $168,594
Sturgis 7 0/0 $0
Eupora 12 0/0 $15,602
Mantee 3 0/0 $15,450
Mathiston 5 0/0 $1,344
Walthall 6 0/0 $0
Louisville 37 0/0 $422,329
Noxapater 15 0/0 $47,505
LIGHTNING
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalof19recordedlightningevents
intheMEMADistrict4Regionsince1996.
19
Theseeventsresultedinover$2.1million(2013dollars)in
damages,aslistedinsummaryTable5.25.Furthermore,lightninghascausedonefatalityintheMEMA
District 4 Region. Detailed information on historical lightning events can be found in the jurisdiction
specificannexes.
TABLE5.25:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 0 0/0 $0
Derma 0 0/0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0/0 $0

19
These lightning events are only inclusive of those reported by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). It is likely that
additional lightning events have occurred in the MEMA District 4 Region. The State Fire Marshalls office was also contacted for
additional information but none could be provided. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
5:57
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Vardaman 0 0/0 $0
Houston 1 0/0 $8,046
NewHoulka 0 0/0 $0
Okolona 0 0/0 $0
Woodland 0 0/0 $0
ChoctawCounty 0 0/0 $0
Ackerman 0 0/0 $0
FrenchCamp 0 0/0 $0
Weir 0 0/0 $0
ClayCounty 0 0/0 $0
WestPoint 0 0/0 $0
Artesia 0 0/0 $0
Caledonia 0 0/0 $0
Columbus 4 1/0 $290,871
Crawford 0 0/0 $0
Aberdeen 0 0/0 $0
Amory 1 0/0 $213,864
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
Smithville 0 0/0 $0
NoxubeeCounty 0 0/0 $0
Macon 0 0/0 $0
Shuqualak 0 0/0 $0
Maben 1 0/0 $19,002
Starkville 1 0/0 $154,500
Sturgis 0 0/0 $0
Eupora 1 0/0 $257,500
Mantee 1 0/0 $103,000
Mathiston 0 0/0 $0
Walthall 0 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
5:58
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Noxapater 0 0/0 $0
Giventhehighnumberofpreviousevents,itiscertainthatthunderstormevents,includingstraightline
wind events, will occur in the future. This results in a probability level of highly likely (100 percent
annualprobability)fortheentireplanningarea.
HAILSTORM
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthattheprobabilityoffuturehailoccurrences
islikely(10100percentannualprobability).Sincehailisanatmospherichazard,itisassumedthatthe
entire MEMA District 4 Region has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be expected that future hail
eventswillcontinuetocauseminordamagetopropertyandvehiclesthroughouttheregion.
LIGHTNING
Although there were not a high number of historical lightning events reported throughout the MEMA
District 4 Region via NCDC data, it is a regular occurrence accompanied by thunderstorms. In fact,
lightning events will assuredly happen on an annual basis, though all events will not cause damage.
AccordingtoVaisalasU.S.NationalLightningDetectionNetwork(NLDN
),theMEMADistrict4Regionis
located in an area of the country that experienced an average of 6 to 8 lightning flashes per square
kilometer per year between 1997 and 2010. Therefore, the probability of future events is highly likely
(100 percent annual probability). It can be expected that future lightning events will continue to
threatenlifeandcauseminorpropertydamagesthroughouttheregion.
5.14 TORNADO

5.14.1 Background
A tornado is a violent windstorm characterized by a twisting, funnelshaped cloud extending to the

ground. Tornadoes are most often generated by thunderstorm activity (but sometimes result from
hurricanesandothertropicalstorms)whencool,dryairintersectsandoverridesalayerofwarm,moist
air forcing the warm air to rise rapidly. The damage caused by a tornado is a result of the high wind
velocityand windblown debris,alsoaccompanied bylightning orlargehail. According totheNational
Weather Service, tornado wind speeds normally range from 40 miles per hour to more than 300 miles
FINAL April 2014
5:59
per hour. The most violent tornadoes have rotating winds of 250 miles per hour or more and are
capableofcausingextremedestructionandturningnormallyharmlessobjectsintodeadlymissiles.
Each year, an average of over 800 tornadoes is reported nationwide, resulting in an average of 80
deaths and 1,500 injuries.
20
According to the NOAA Storm Prediction Center (SPC), the highest
concentration of tornadoes in the United States has been in Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, and Florida
respectively.AlthoughtheGreatPlainsregionoftheCentralUnitedStatesdoesfavorthedevelopment
of the largest and most dangerous tornadoes (earning the designation of tornado alley), Florida
experiencesthegreatestnumberoftornadoespersquaremileofallU.S.states(SPC,2002).Figure5.17
shows tornado activity in the United States based on the number of recorded tornadoes per 1,000
squaremiles.
FIGURE5.17:TORNADOACTIVITYINTHEUNITEDSTATES
TornadoesaremorelikelytooccurduringthemonthsofMarchthroughMayandaremostlikelytoform
in the late afternoon and early evening. Most tornadoes are a few dozen yards wide and touch down
briefly, but even small shortlived tornadoes can inflict tremendous damage. Highly destructive
tornadoesmaycarveoutapathoveramilewideandseveralmileslong.
Thedestructioncausedbytornadoesrangesfromlighttoinconceivabledependingontheintensity,size,
and duration of the storm. Typically, tornadoes cause the greatest damage to structures of light
construction, including residential dwellings (particularly mobile homes). Tornadic magnitude is
reported according to the Fujita and Enhanced Fujita Scales. Tornado magnitudes prior to 2005 were
determinedusingthetraditionalversionoftheFujitaScale(Table5.26).Tornadomagnitudesthatwere
determinedin2005andlaterweredeterminedusingtheEnhancedFujitaScale(Table5.27).

20
NOAA, 2009.
FINAL April 2014
5:60
TABLE5.26:THEFUJITASCALE(EFFECTIVEPRIORTO2005)
FSCALE
NUMBER
INTENSITY WINDSPEED TYPEOFDAMAGEDONE
F0
GALE
TORNADO
4072MPH
Somedamagetochimneys;breaksbranchesofftrees;pushesover
shallowrootedtrees;damagestosignboards.
F1
MODERATE
TORNADO
73112MPH
Thelowerlimitisthebeginningofhurricanewindspeed;peels
surfaceoffroofs;mobilehomespushedofffoundationsor
overturned;movingautospushedofftheroads;attachedgarages
maybedestroyed.
F2
SIGNIFICANT
TORNADO
113157MPH
Considerabledamage.Roofstornoffframehouses;mobilehomes
demolished;boxcarspushedover;largetreessnappedoruprooted;
lightobjectmissilesgenerated.
F3
SEVERE
TORNADO
158206MPH
Roofandsomewallstornoffwellconstructedhouses;trains
overturned;mosttreesinforestuprooted.
F4
DEVASTATING
TORNADO
207260MPH
Wellconstructedhousesleveled;structureswithweakfoundations
blownoffsomedistance;carsthrownandlargemissilesgenerated.
F5
INCREDIBLE
TORNADO
261318MPH
Strongframehousesliftedofffoundationsandcarriedconsiderable
distancestodisintegrate;automobilesizedmissilesflythroughtheair
inexcessof100meters;treesdebarked;steelreenforcedconcrete
structuresbadlydamaged.
F6
INCONCEIVABLE
TORNADO
319379MPH
Thesewindsareveryunlikely.Thesmallareaofdamagetheymight
producewouldprobablynotberecognizablealongwiththemess
producedbyF4andF5windthatwouldsurroundtheF6winds.
Missiles,suchascarsandrefrigeratorswoulddoserioussecondary
damagethatcouldnotbedirectlyidentifiedasF6damage.Ifthis
leveliseverachieved,evidenceforitmightonlybefoundinsome
mannerofgroundswirlpattern,foritmayneverbeidentifiable
throughengineeringstudies.
Source:NationalWeatherService

FINAL April 2014
5:61
TABLE5.27THEENHANCEDFUJITASCALE(EFFECTIVE2005ANDLATER)
EFSCALE
NUMBER
INTENSITY
PHRASE
3SECONDGUST
(MPH)
TYPEOFDAMAGEDONE
EF0 GALE 6585
Somedamagetochimneys;breaksbranchesofftrees;pushesover
shallowrootedtrees;damagestosignboards.
EF1 MODERATE 86110
Thelowerlimitisthebeginningofhurricanewindspeed;peels
surfaceoffroofs;mobilehomespushedofffoundationsor
overturned;movingautospushedofftheroads;attachedgarages
maybedestroyed.
EF2 SIGNIFICANT 111135
Considerabledamage.Roofstornoffframehouses;mobilehomes
demolished;boxcarspushedover;largetreessnappedoruprooted;
lightobjectmissilesgenerated.
EF3 SEVERE 136165
Roofandsomewallstornoffwellconstructedhouses;trains
overturned;mosttreesinforestuprooted.
EF4 DEVASTATING 166200
Wellconstructedhousesleveled;structureswithweakfoundations
blownoffsomedistance;carsthrownandlargemissilesgenerated.
EF5 INCREDIBLE Over200
Strongframehousesliftedofffoundationsandcarriedconsiderable
distancestodisintegrate;automobilesizedmissilesflythroughthe
airinexcessof100meters;treesdebarked;steelreenforced
concretestructuresbadlydamaged.
Source:NationalWeatherService
TornadoesoccurthroughoutthestateofMississippi,andthustheMEMADistrict4Region.Tornadoes
typically impact a relatively small area, but damage may be extensive. Event locations are completely
randomanditisnotpossibletopredictspecificareasthataremoresusceptibletotornadostrikesover
time.Therefore,itisassumedthattheMEMADistrict4Regionisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoesresultedin12disasterdeclarationsintheMEMADistrict4Regionbetween1973and2011.
21
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalof202recordedtornadoevents
intheMEMADistrict4Regionsince1950(Table5.28),resultinginnearly$387.4million(2013dollars)in
propertydamages.
22
Inaddition,42fatalitiesand434injurieswerereported.Themagnitudeofthese
tornadoes ranges from F0 to F5 in intensity. Detailed information on historical tornado events can be
foundinthejurisdictionspecificannexes.

21
22
These tornado events are only inclusive of those reported by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). It is likely that
additional tornadoes have occurred in the MEMA District 4 Region. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard
profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
5:62
TABLE5.28:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
CalhounCounty 15 0/4 $2,453,162
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 1 0/0 $14,258
CalhounCity 0 0/0 $0
Derma 0 0/0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0/0 $0
Vardaman 1 0/1 $37,132
ChickasawCounty 21 3/30 $13,362,596
Houston 2 0/0 $1,350,065
NewHoulka 2 0/0 $104,779
Okolona 1 0/1 $852,283
Woodland 0 0/0 $0
ChoctawCounty 16 8/63 $148,496,219
Ackerman 3 0/0 $0
FrenchCamp 3 5/37 $98,796,313
Weir 4 0/3 $3,961,927
ClayCounty 14 1/4 $16,293,980
WestPoint 3 0/0 $274,487
LowndesCounty 28 1/88 $116,111,619
Artesia 1 0/55 $83,054,032
Columbus 1 0/0 $114,061
Crawford 3 1/0 $357,185
MonroeCounty 29 18/128 $40,273,324
Aberdeen 1 0/0 $31,669
Amory 0 0/0 $0
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
Smithville 1 16/37 $2,652,250
NoxubeeCounty 31 3/48 $13,282,653
Macon 3 0/0 $638,943
Shuqualak 2 0/0 $23,881
Maben 1 0/0 $0
Starkville 4 0/7 $3,257,665
FINAL April 2014
5:63
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Sturgis 3 0/0 $49,010
WebsterCounty 13 4/30 $20,034,062
Eupora 0 0/0 $0
Mantee 0 0/0 $0
Mathiston 1 0/15 $3,182,700
Walthall 1 0/0 $0
WinstonCounty 13 3/11 $7,595,327
Noxapater 1 1/2 $3,261,933
There have been several significant tornado events in the MEMA District 4 Region. The text below
describesoneofthemajoreventsandassociatedimpactsontheregion.
From April 25 to 28, 2011, the largest tornado outbreak ever recorded affected the Southern,
Midwestern, and Northeastern U.S., leaving catastrophic destruction in its wake, especially across the
states of Alabama and Mississippi. On April 27, 22 tornadoes were reported in the MEMA District 4
region that ranged in magnitude from F1 to F5. These tornadoes resulted in 21 fatalities, 94 injuries,
and$14,422,936(2013dollars)inpropertydamagesacrosstheregion.
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to the MEMA District 4
Region. The probability of future tornado occurrences affecting MEMA District 4 Region is likely (10
100percentannualprobability).
OTHER HAZARDS

5.15 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENTS

5.15.1 Background
Hazardous materials can be found in many forms and quantities that can potentially cause death;
serious injury; longlasting health effects; and damage to buildings, homes, and other property in
varying degrees. Such materials are routinely used and stored in many homes and businesses and are
alsoshippeddailyonthenationshighways,railroads,waterways,andpipelines.Thissubsectiononthe
hazardous material hazard is intended to provide a general overview of the hazard, and the threshold
foridentifyingfixedandmobilesourcesofhazardousmaterialsislimitedtogeneralinformationonrail,
highway, and fixed HAZMAT sites determined to be of greatest significance as appropriate for the
purposesofthisplan.
FINAL April 2014
5:64
Hazardous material (HAZMAT) incidents can apply to fixed facilities as well as mobile, transportation
related accidents in the air, by rail, on the nations highways, and on the water. Approximately 6,774
HAZMAT events occur each year, 5,517 of which are highway incidents, 991 are railroad incidents, and
266 are due to other causes.
23
In essence, HAZMAT incidents consist of solid, liquid, and/or gaseous
contaminants that are released from fixed or mobile containers, whether by accident or by design as
with an intentional terrorist attack. A HAZMAT incident can last hours to days, while some chemicals
canbecorrosiveorotherwisedamagingoverlongerperiodsoftime.Inadditiontotheprimaryrelease,
explosionsand/orfirescanresultfromarelease,andcontaminantscanbeextendedbeyondtheinitial
areabypersons,vehicles,water,wind,andpossiblywildlifeaswell.
Hazardous material incidents can include the spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying,
discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing into the environment of a hazardous
material, but exclude: (1) any release which results in exposure to poisons solely within the workplace
with respect to claims which such persons may assert against the employer of such persons; (2)
emissionsfromtheengineexhaustofamotorvehicle,rollingstock,aircraft,vesselorpipelinepumping
stationengine;(3)releaseofsource,byproduct,orspecialnuclearmaterialfromanuclearincident;and
(4)thenormalapplicationoffertilizer.
As a result of the 1986 Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA), the
EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyprovidespublicinformationonhazardousmaterials.Onefacetofthis
program is to collection information from industrial facilities on the releases and transfers of certain
toxic agents. This information is then reported in the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI). TRI sites indicate
where such activity is occurring. The MEMA District 4 Region has over thirty TRI sites. These sites are
showninFigure5.18.

23
FEMA, 1997.
FINAL April 2014
5:65
FIGURE5.18:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:EPA

FINAL April 2014
5:66
In additional to fixed hazardous materials locations, hazardous materials may also impact the region
viaroadwaysandrail.Manyroadsintheregionarenarrow,makinghazardousmaterialtransportinthe
area especially treacherous. All roads that permit hazardous material transport are considered
potentiallyatrisktoanincident.
The U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
(PHMSA) lists historical occurrences throughout the nation. A serious incident is a hazardous
materialsincidentthatinvolves:
afatalityormajorinjurycausedbythereleaseofahazardousmaterial,
theevacuationof25ormorepersonsasaresultofreleaseofahazardousmaterialorexposure
tofire,
areleaseorexposuretofirewhichresultsintheclosureofamajortransportationartery,
thealterationofanaircraftflightplanoroperation,
thereleaseofradioactivematerialsfromTypeBpackaging,
thereleaseofover11.9gallsor88.2poundsofaseveremarinepollutant,or
thereleaseofabulkquantity(over199gallonsor882pounds)ofahazardousmaterial.
However,priorto2002,ahazardousmaterialsseriousincidentwasdefinedasfollows:
afatalityormajorinjuryduetoahazardousmaterial,
closure of a major transportation artery or facility or evacuation of six or more person due to
thepresenceofhazardousmaterial,or
avehicleaccidentorderailmentresultinginthereleaseofahazardousmaterial.
Table5.29presentsdetailedinformationonhistoricHAZMATincidentsreportedintheMEMADistrict4
Region.MoredetailedinformationontheseincidentscanbefoundintheCountyAnnexes.
TABLE5.29:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries PropertyDamage
CalhounCounty 1 0/0 $0
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 1 0/0 $0
Derma 0 0/0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0/0 $0
Vardaman 0 0/0 $0
Houston 4 0/0 $10,700
NewHoulka 0 0/0 $0
Okolona 1 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
5:67
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Woodland 0 0/0 $0
ChoctawCounty 7 0/0 $52,000
Ackerman 6 0/0 $52,000
FrenchCamp 0 0/0 $0
Weir 0 0/0 $0
ClayCounty 13 0/0 $900
WestPoint 12 0/0 $900
Artesia 14 3/0 $191,075
Caledonia 2 0/0 $22,250
Columbus 72 0/1 $13,151
Crawford 1 0/0 $0
MonroeCounty 47 0/0 $1,873,372
Aberdeen 18 0/0 $91,888
Amory 19 0/0 $10,038
Gattman 1 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
NoxubeeCounty 10 0/0 $0
Macon 7 0/0 $0
Shuqualak 1 0/0 $0
Maben 0 0/0 $0
Starkville 13 0/1 $421,705
Sturgis 0 0/0 $0
Eupora 3 0/0 $917,075
Mantee 0 0/0 $0
Mathiston 3 0/0 $19,500
Walthall 0 0/0 $0
WinstonCounty 8 0/0 $200
Louisville 8 0/0 $200
Noxapater 0 0/0 $0
Source:U.S.DepartmentofTransportationPipelineandHazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration
FINAL April 2014
5:68
5.15.4 Probability of Future Occurrence
Given the location of more than thirty toxic release inventory sites in the MEMA District 4 Region and
several serious roadway incidents, it is possible that a hazardous material incident may occur in the
region, though it is unlikely (less than 1 percent annual probability). County and town officials are
mindfulofthispossibilityandtakeprecautionstopreventsuchaneventfromoccurring.Furthermore,
therearedetailedplansinplacetorespondtoanoccurrence.
Although there is a limited record of previous events in the region, hazardous materials incidents will
continue to be a threat. The region may also be impacted by neighboring counties which also face risk
duetoTRIsites.

5.16 PANDEMIC

5.16.1 Background
Pandemics begin as influenza (such as H5N1) but once the infection reaches global proportions it
becomesapandemic.Apandemicresultswhenavirusmutatesfromananimaltoastrainthatcanbe
passed to humans. Humans have no immunity to these new strains, making them especially deadly.
The strain may ultimately mutate to a form where it can be passed from humantohuman. Given the
lack of immunity, the virus spreads quickly and can have devastating effects on the population. When
thevirusspreadsglobally,itisdeemedapandemic.
The World Health Organization (WHO) constantly monitors flu cases throughout the world. WHO has
developedasystemofidentifyingwheretheworldstandswithregardtopandemicflu.Thesystemhas
sixphases
24
:
Phase1:Nonewinfluenzavirushasbeenfoundinpeopleoranimals.
Phase2:Newvirushasappearedinanimals,butnohumancases.
Phase3:Anewstrainofanimalinfluenzavirusinfectshumans,buttherehavenotbeen
humantohumaninfections.
Phase4:Thenewviruspassesfrompersontoperson,buttransmissionislimitedand
confinedtoacertainlocation.
Phase5:Thereisfrequenttransmissionofthevirusbetweenpeopleinaparticularplace,
butithasn'tspreadtotherestoftheworld.
Phase6:Pandemic.Thevirusiswidespreadworldwide.
PostPeakPeriod:Levelsofpandemicinfluenzainmostcountrieshavedroppedbelowpeak
levels.
PossibleNewWave:Levelofpandemicinfluenzaactivityinmostcountiesrisingagain.
PostPandemicPeriod:Levelsofinfluenzaactivityhavereturnedtolevelsseenforseasonal
influenza.

24
WebMD: http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/what-is-pandemic?page=2
FINAL April 2014
5:69
Pandemicsarealsoknowntooccurinwaves.Forexample,initialwaveofinfectedpersonsmaybe
thosefirsttocontractthevirus.Thesepeoplemaysubsequentlypassittohealthofficialsorfamily
members.Forthisreason,thedurationofpandemicoutbreakstendstolastweeksorevenmonths.
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.MEMADistrict4chosetoanalyze
this hazard given the large number of poultry farms in the area. Poultry has served as host for viruses
thatultimatelymutatetoinfecthumans.
All populations should be considered at risk to pandemic. Buildings and infrastructure are not directly
impacted by the virus but could be indirectly impacted if people are not able to operate and maintain
themduetoillness.Manybuildingsmaybeshutdown,atleasttemporarily,asaresult.Employersmay
initiate work from home procedures for nonessential workers in order to help stop infection.
Commerceactivities,andthustheeconomy,maysuffergreatlyduringthistime.

25

Severalpandemicshavebeenreportedthroughouthistory.Thefirstknownpandemicdatesbackto430
B.C. with the Plague of Athens. It reportedly killed a quarter of the population over four years due to
typhoid fever. In 165180 A.D., the Antonine Plague killed nearly 5 million people. Next, the Plague of
Justinian(thefirstbubonicplaguepandemic)occurredfrom541to566.Itkilled10,000peopleadayat
itspeakandresultedina50percentdropinEuropespopulation.
Since the 1500s, influenza pandemics have occurred about three times every century or roughly every
1050years.TheBlackDeathdevastatedEuropeanpopulationsinthe14
th
century.Nearlyathirdofthe
population (2030 million) was killed over six years. From 1817 to present, seven Cholera Pandemics
haveimpactedtotheworldandkilled millions.Perhapsmostsevere,wastheThirdCholeraPandemic
(18521959)whichstartedinChina.IsolatedcasescanstillbefoundintheWesternU.S.today.There
were three major pandemics in the 20
th
century (19181919, 19571958, and 19681969). The most
infamouspandemicfluofthe20thcentury,however,wasthatof19181919.Sincethe1960s,therehas
only been one pandemic, the 2009 H1N1 influenza. The pandemics of the 20
th
and 21
st
centuries that
impactedtheUnitedStatesaredetailedbelow.
1918SpanishFlu:Thiswasthemostdevastatingfluofthe20
th
century.Thispandemicspreadacrossthe
worldinthreewavesbetween1918and1919.Ittypicallyimpactedareasforaroundtwelveweeksand
then would largely disappear. However, it would frequently reemerge several months later.
Worldwide, approximately 50 million persons died and over a quarter of the population was infected.
Nearly 675,000 people died in the United States. The illness came on suddenly and could cause death
within a few hours. The virus impacted those aged 15 to 35 especially hard. The movement of troops
duringWorldWarIisthoughttohavefacilitatedthespreadofthevirus.
InMississippi,stateofficialsnotedthat "epidemicshavebeenreportedfromanumberofplacesinthe
State,"onOctober4
th
,1918.Bythe18th,twentysixlocalitiesreported1,934cases(therealnumberof
cases was likely much higher). West Point, Mississippi was hit especially hard and quarantine was

25
Information in this section comes from: http://www.flu.gov/pandemic/history#and
http://www.flupandemic.gov.au/internet/panflu/publishing.nsf/Content/history-1
FINAL April 2014
5:70
established. Throughout the state, African Americans were impacted at a greater rate than white
populations.Thisisthoughttobepartlycausedfromashortageofcaretakers.Itisestimatedthatover
6,000 people died in Mississippi, though that number may be much higher as death records were not
widelyrecorded.
26
1957 Asian Flu: It is estimated that the Asian Flu caused 2 million deaths worldwide. Approximately
70,000 deaths were in the U.S. However, the proportion of people impacted was substantially higher
thanthatoftheSpanishFlu.ThisfluwascharacterizedashavingmuchmildereffectsthantheSpanish
Flu and greater survivability. Similar to other pandemics, this pandemic has two waves. Elderly and
infantpopulationsweremorelikelytosuccumbtodeath.Thisfluisthoughttohaveoriginatedfroma
geneticmutationofabirdvirus.
1968HongKongFlu:TheHongKongFluisthoughttohavecausedonemilliondeathsworldwide.Itwas
milder than both the Asian and Spanish influenza viruses. It was similar to the Asian Flu, which may
haveprovidedsomeimmunitytothevirus.Ithadthemostsevereimpactonelderlypopulations.
2009 H1N1 Influenza: This flu was derived from human, swine, and avian virus strains. It was initially
reported in Mexico in April 2009. On April 26, the U.S. government declared H1N1 a public health
emergency. A vaccine was developed and over 80 million were vaccinated which helped minimize the
impacts. Thevirushad mildimpactsonmostofthe population butdid cause death (usuallyfromviral
pneumonia) in high risk populations such as pregnant women, obese persons, indigenous people, and
thosewithchronicrespiratory,cardiac,neurological,orimmunityconditions.Worldwide,itisestimated
that43millionto89millionpeoplecontractedH1N1betweenApril2009andApril2010,andbetween
8,870and18,300H1N1casesresultedindeath.
Inadditiontothepandemicsabove,therehavebeenseveralcasesofpandemicthreats,someofwhich
reached epidemic levels. They were contained before spreading globally. Examples include Smallpox,
Polio, Tuberculosis, Malaria, AIDS, SARS and Yellow Fever. Advances in medicine and technology have
beeninstrumentalincontainingthespreadofvirusesinrecenthistory.
ItisnotablethatnobirdshavebeeninfectedwithAvianFluinNorthandSouthAmerica.
probabilitylevelofunlikely(lessthan1percentannualprobability)forfuturepandemicsevents.While
pandemiccanhavedevastatingimpacts,theyarerelativelyrare.
The MississippiStateDepartmentof Health maintainsastate pandemicplanwhichcanbefoundhere:

http://www.msdh.state.ms.us/msdhsite/index.cfm/44,1136,122,154,pdf/SNSPlan.pdf
5.17 CONCLUSIONS ON HAZARD RISK
The hazard profiles presented in this section were developed using best available data and result in
whatmaybeconsideredprincipallyaqualitativeassessmentasrecommendedbyFEMAinitsHowto
guidance document titled Understanding Your Risks: Identifying Hazards and Estimating Losses (FEMA

26
http://historicaltextarchive.com/sections.php?action=read&artid=773
FINAL April 2014
5:71
Publication3862).Itreliesheavilyonhistoricalandanecdotaldata,stakeholderinput,andprofessional
and experienced judgment regarding observed and/or anticipated hazard impacts. It also carefully
considersthefindingsinotherrelevantplans,studies,andtechnicalreports.
5.17.1 Hazard Extent
Table 5.30 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for the MEMA District 4 Region. The
extentofahazardisdefinedasitsseverityormagnitude,asitrelatestotheplanningarea.
TABLE5.30:EXTENTOFMEMADISTRICT4REGIONHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
Floodextentcanbemeasuredbytheamountoflandandpropertyinthe
floodplainaswellasfloodheightandvelocity.Theamountoflandinthe
floodplainaccountsfor19.6percentofthetotallandareaintheMEMADistrict4
Region.
FlooddepthandvelocityarerecordedviaUnitedStatesGeologicalSurveystream
gagesthroughouttheregion.Whileagagedoesnotexistforeachparticipating
jurisdiction,thereisoneatornearmanyareas.Thegreatestpeakdischarge
recordedfortheregionwasinColumbusinLowndesCountyin1892.Water
reachedadischargeof268,000cubicfeetpersecondandthestreamgageheight
wasrecordedat40.09feet.Additionalpeakdischargereadingsandgageheights
areinthetablebelow.
Location/
Jurisdiction
Date PeakDischarge
(cfs)
GageHeight
(ft)
CalhounCounty
BigCreek
SkunaRiverat
Bruce
3/21/1955 61,400 24.11
YalobushaRand
TopashawCCaat
CalhounCity
12/26/1982 60,200 25.75
BearCreekCanal
nearDerma
9/27/2002 12,300 30.15
Pittsboro
SlateSprings
YalobushaRiverat
Vardaman
9/27/2002 8,100 30.62
ChickasawCounty
Houston
CowbellCreeknear
Houlka
4/12/1955 380 7.67
Okolona
Woodland
ChoctawCounty
BougueFallahTrib
nearAckerman
4/12/1979 472 9.17
FINAL April 2014
5:72
DowingBrnear
FrenchCamp
2/11/1965 709 8.95
Weir
ClayCounty
Chuquatonchee
CreeknearWest
Point
3/17/1973 57,100 24.58
LowndesCounty
Artesia
ButtahatcheeRiver
nearCaledonia
1/6/1949 30,800 18.65
TombigbeeRiverat
Columbus
4/8/1892 268,000 40.09
Crawford
MonroeCounty
TombigbeeRiverat
Aberdeen
3/18/1973 123,000 45.02
BurkettCreekat
Amory
2/12/965 629 13.67
Gattman
Hatley
BullMountain
Creeknear
Smithville
3/16/1973 44,400 18.26
NoxubeeCounty
NoxubeeRiver
nearBrooksville
4/12/1979 76,000 28.30
NoxubeeRiverat
Macon
4/13/1979 125,000 38.97
Shuqualak
OktibbehaCounty
LineCreeknear
Maben
12/3/1983 7,540 28.33
TrimCaneCreek
nearStarkville
5/19/1983 10,500 28.10
Sturgis
WebsterCounty
BigBlackRTrib
nearEupora
3/3/1977 1,200 8.13
Mantee
Mathiston
Walthall
WinstonCounty
Louisville
NoxapaterCreek
nearNoxapater
4/13/1979 23,000 98.10
Erosion
Theextentoferosioncanbedefinedbythemeasurablerateoferosionthat
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedintheMEMADistrict4Region.
FINAL April 2014
5:73
DamFailure
DamFailureextentisdefinedusingtheMississippiDivisionofEnvironmental
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).Twelvedamsareclassifiedashighhazardinthe
MEMADistrict4Region.
WinterStormand
Freeze
Theextentofwinterstormscanbemeasuredbytheamountofsnowfallreceived
(ininches).Officiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinthe
MEMADistrict4Region.However,thegreatestsnowfallreportedinJackson
(southwestoftheregion)was11.7inchesin1904andinMeridian(southofthe
region)was14.0inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
DroughtextentisdefinedbytheU.S.DroughtMonitorClassificationswhich
includeAbnormallyDry,ModerateDrought,SevereDrought,ExtremeDrought,
andExceptionalDrought.AccordingtotheU.S.DroughtMonitorClassifications,
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.Alloftheparticipatingcounties
havereceivedthisrankingatleastonceoverthethirteenyearreportingperiod.
Theextentofextremeheatcanbemeasuredbytherecordhightemperature
recorded.Officiallongtermtemperaturerecordsarenotkeptforanyareasin
theMEMADistrict4Region.However,thehighestrecordedtemperaturein
Jackson(southwestoftheregion)was107Fin2000andinMeridian(southof
theregion)was107Fin1980.
FINAL April 2014
5:74
Wildfire
WildfiredatawasprovidedbytheMississippiForestryCommissionandis
reportedannuallybycountyfrom20022011.Thegreatestnumberoffiresto
occurandnumberofacresburnedoccurredinWinstonCounty.Analyzingthe
databycountyindicatesthefollowingwildfirehazardextentforeachcounty.
CalhounCounty
Thegreatestnumberoffiresandacresburnedoccurredinthesameyear(2007).
Twentyfourfiresburnedatotalof404acres.
ChickasawCounty
Sixteenfiresburnedatotalof186acres.
ChoctawCounty
Thegreatestnumberoffirestooccurinanyyearwas23firesin2007.
Thegreatestnumberofacrestoburninasingleyearoccurredin2006when349
acreswereburned.
ClayCounty
acreswereburned.
LowndesCounty
acreswereburned.
MonroeCounty
Fortysixfiresburnedatotalof525acres.
NoxubeeCounty
acreswereburned.
OktibbehaCounty
acreswereburned.
WebsterCounty
acreswereburned.
WinstonCounty
Thegreatestnumberofacrestoburninasingleyearoccurredin2006when
1,484acreswereburned.
FINAL April 2014
5:75
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
EarthquakeextentcanbemeasuredbytheRichterScale(Table5.15)andthe
ModifiedMercalliIntensity(MMI)scale(Table5.16)andthedistanceofthe
epicenterfromtheMEMADistrict4Region.Accordingtodataprovidedbythe
NationalGeophysicalDataCenter,thegreatestMMItoimpacttheregionwas
reportedinCalhounandLowndesCountywithaMMIofV(slightlystrong)witha
correlatingRichterScalemeasurementofapproximately4.8.
Landslide
Asnotedaboveinthelandslideprofile,thereisnoextensivehistoryoflandslides
intheMEMADistrict4Regionandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolated
areas.Thisprovidesachallengewhentryingtodetermineanaccurateextentfor
thelandslidehazard.However,whenusingUSGSlandslidesusceptibilityindex,
extentcanbemeasuredwithincidence,whichislowthroughouttheMEMA
District4Region.Thereisalsosusceptibilitythroughouttheregion.
ExpansiveSoils
Asnotedaboveintheexpansivesoils profile,thereisnohistoricalrecordof
significantexpansivesoileventsintheMEMADistrict4Region.Again,this
providesachallengewhentryingtodetermineanaccurateextentforthe
expansivesoilshazard.However,whenusingUSGSdataonsoilswithclay
swellingpotential,extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishigh
intheMEMADistrict4Region.
WindrelatedHazards
HurricaneandTropical
Storm
HurricaneextentisdefinedbytheSaffirSimpsonScalewhichclassifieshurricanes
intoCategory1throughCategory5(Table5.19).Thegreatestclassificationof
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughtheMEMADistrict4RegionwasHurricane
Frederic,whichwasaCategory1hurricanewhenitpassedthroughtheregion.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Thunderstormextentisdefinedbythenumberofthundereventsandwind
speedsreported.Accordingtoa58yearhistoryfromtheNationalClimaticData
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventintheMEMADistrict4Regionwas
reportedonApril30,2002at86knots(approximately99mph).Itshouldbe
notedthatfutureeventsmayexceedthesehistoricaloccurrences.
Hailextentcanbedefinedbythesizeofthehailstone.Thelargesthailstone
reportedintheMEMADistrict4Regionwas3.0inches(reportedonApril3,
1974).Itshouldbenotedthatfutureeventsmayexceedthis.
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),theMEMADistrict4
Regionislocatedinanareathatexperiences6to8lightningflashespersquare
kilometerperyear.Itshouldbenotedthatfuturelightningoccurrencesmay
exceedthesefigures.
Tornado
TornadohazardextentismeasuredbytornadooccurrencesintheUSprovidedby
FEMA(Figure5.17)aswellastheFujita/EnhancedFujitaScale(Tables5.26and
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedwasanF5(lastreportedonApril27,
2011).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
AccordingtoUSDOTPHMSA,thelargesthazardousmaterialsincidentreportedin
theregionis50,000SLBreleasedontherailwayinColumbus(LowndesCounty).
Itshouldbenotedthatlargereventsarepossible.
Pandemic
Theextentofapandemicimpactingtheplanningareaisdifficulttoestimate.It
couldresultinthousandsofdeathsandextremedisruptionofcommerceand
everydaylife.

FINAL April 2014
5:76
5.17.2 Priority Risk Index
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskfortheMEMADistrict4Region,
the results of the hazard profiling process were used to generate countywide hazard classifications
according to a Priority Risk Index (PRI). The purpose of the PRI is to categorize and prioritize all
potential hazards for the MEMA District 4 Region as high, moderate, or low risk. Combined with the
asset inventory and quantitative vulnerability assessment provided in the next section, the summary
hazard classifications generated through the use of the PRI allows for the prioritization of those high
hazard risks for mitigation planning purposes, and more specifically, the identification of hazard
mitigationopportunitiesfortheMEMADistrict4Regiontoconsideraspartoftheirproposedmitigation
strategy.
The prioritization and categorization of identified hazards for the MEMA District 4 Region is based
principally on the PRI, a tool used to measure the degree of risk for identified hazards in a particular
planningarea.ThePRIisusedtoassisttheMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationPlanningCouncil
ingainingconsensusonthedeterminationofthosehazardsthatposethemostsignificantthreattothe
MEMADistrict4countiesbasedonavarietyoffactors.ThePRIisnotscientificallybased,butisrather
meant to be utilized as an objective planning tool for classifying and prioritizing hazard risks in the
MEMADistrict4Regionbasedonstandardizedcriteria.
TheapplicationofthePRIresultsinnumericalvaluesthatallowidentifiedhazardstoberankedagainst
oneanother(thehigherthePRIvalue,thegreaterthehazardrisk).PRIvaluesareobtainedbyassigning
varying degrees of risk to five categories for each hazard (probability, impact, spatial extent, warning
time, and duration). Each degree of risk has been assigned a value (1 to 4) and an agreed upon
weighting factor
27
, as summarized in Table 5.31. To calculate the PRI value for a given hazard, the
assignedriskvalueforeachcategoryismultipliedbytheweightingfactor.Thesumofallfivecategories
equalsthefinalPRIvalue,asdemonstratedintheexampleequationbelow:
PRIVALUE=[(PROBABILITYx.30)+(IMPACTx.30)+(SPATIALEXTENTx.20)+(WARNINGTIMEx.10)+
(DURATIONx.10)]
Accordingtotheweightingschemeandpointsystemapplied,thehighestpossiblevalueforanyhazard
is 4.0. When the scheme is applied for the MEMA District 4 Region, the highest PRI value is 3.2
(thunderstorm wind / high wind). Prior to being finalized, PRI values for each identified hazard were
reviewed and accepted by the members of the MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard Mitigation Planning
Council.

27
The MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard Mitigation Planning Council, based upon any unique concerns or factors for the
planning area, may adjust the PRI weighting scheme during future plan updates.
FINAL April 2014
5:77
TABLE5.31:PRIORITYRISKINDEXFORTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
PRICategory
DegreeofRisk
Assigned
Weighting
Factor
Level Criteria IndexValue
Probability
Unlikely Lessthan1%annualprobability 1
30%
Possible Between1and10%annualprobability 2
Likely Between10and100%annualprobability 3
HighlyLikely 100%annualprobability 4
Impact
Minor
Veryfewinjuries,ifany.Onlyminor
propertydamageandminimaldisruption
onqualityoflife.Temporaryshutdownof
criticalfacilities.
1
30%
Limited
Minorinjuriesonly.Morethan10%of
propertyinaffectedareadamagedor
destroyed.Completeshutdownofcritical
facilitiesformorethanoneday.
2
Critical
Multipledeaths/injuriespossible.More
than25%ofpropertyinaffectedarea
damagedordestroyed.Complete
shutdownofcriticalfacilitiesformorethan
oneweek.
3
Catastrophic
Highnumberofdeaths/injuriespossible.
Morethan50%ofpropertyinaffected
areadamagedordestroyed.Complete
shutdownofcriticalfacilitiesfor30daysor
more.
4
SpatialExtent
Negligible Lessthan1%ofareaaffected 1
20%
Small Between1and10%ofareaaffected 2
Moderate Between10and50%ofareaaffected 3
Large Between50and100%ofareaaffected 4
Warning
Time
Morethan24hours Selfexplanatory 1
10%
12to24hours Selfexplanatory 2
6to12hours Selfexplanatory 3
Lessthan6hours Selfexplanatory 4
Duration
10%
Lessthanoneweek Selfexplanatory 3
Morethanoneweek Selfexplanatory 4

FINAL April 2014
5:78
5.17.3 Priority Risk Index Results
Table 5.32 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
based on the application of the PRI. Assigned risk levels were based on the detailed hazard profiles
developed for this section, as well as input from the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council. The results
werethenusedincalculatingPRIvaluesandmakingfinaldeterminationsfortheriskassessment.
TABLE5.32:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Hazard
Category/DegreeofRisk
Probability Impact SpatialExtent WarningTime Duration
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood Likely Limited Moderate 6to12hours Lessthan24hours 2.6
Erosion Possible Minor Small Morethan24hours Morethan1week 1.8
DamFailure Unlikely Critical Moderate Morethan24hours Lessthan6hours 2.0
WinterStormandFreeze Likely Limited Moderate Morethan24hours Lessthan24hours 2.4
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave Likely Minor Large Morethan24hours Morethan1week 2.5
Wildfire Likely Minor Negligible Lessthan6hours Lessthanoneweek 2.1
GeologicHazards
Earthquake Possible Minor Moderate Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 2.0
Landslide Unlikely Minor Small Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 1.5
ExpansiveSoils Likely Minor Small Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 2.1
WindrelatedHazards
HurricaneandTropicalStorm Likely Minor Large Morethan24hours Lessthan24hours 2.3
ThunderstormWind/HighWind HighlyLikely Critical Moderate Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 3.2
Hailstorm Likely Limited Moderate Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 2.6
Lighting HighlyLikely Minor Negligible Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 2.2
Tornado Likely Catastrophic Small Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 3.0
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterialsIncident Unlikely Limited Small Lessthan6hours Lessthan24hours 1.9
Pandemic Unlikely Minor Large Morethan24hours Morethanoneweek 1.9
5.18 FINAL DETERMINATIONS
TheconclusionsdrawnfromthehazardprofilingprocessfortheMEMADistrict4Region,includingthe
PRI results and input from the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council, resulted in the classification of risk
foreachidentifiedhazardaccordingtothreecategories:HighRisk,ModerateRisk,andLowRisk(Table
5.33). For purposes of these classifications, risk is expressed in relative terms according to the
estimated impact that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of the MEMA
District 4 Region. A more quantitative analysis to estimate potential dollar losses for each hazard has
FINAL April 2014
5:79
beenperformedseparately,andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessment.Itshouldbenoted
that although some hazards are classified below as posing low risk, their occurrence of varying or
unprecedented magnitudes is still possible in some cases and their assigned classification will continue
tobeevaluatedduringfutureplanupdates.
TABLE5.33:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
HIGHRISK
ThunderstormWind/HighWind
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
WinterStormandFreeze
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
SECTION 6
VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
FINAL April 2014
6:1
This section identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of the MEMA District 4 Region to the significant
hazards identified in the previous sections (Hazard Identification and Profiles). It consists of the
followingsubsections:
6.1Overview
6.2Methodology
6.3ExplanationofDataSources
6.4AssetInventory
6.5VulnerabilityAssessmentResults
6.6ConclusionsonHazardVulnerability
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(2)(ii):Theriskassessmentshallincludeadescriptionofthejurisdiction'svulnerabilitytothe
hazardsdescribedinparagraph(c)(2)(i)ofthissection.Thedescriptionshallincludeanoverallsummaryofeach
hazardanditsimpactonthecommunity.Theplanshoulddescribevulnerabilityintermsof:(A)Thetypesand
numbersofexistingandfuturebuildings,infrastructure,andcriticalfacilitieslocatedintheidentifiedhazard
areas;(B)Anestimateofthepotentiallossestovulnerablestructuresidentifiedinparagraph(c)(2)(ii)(A)ofthis
sectionandadescriptionofthemethodologyusedtopreparetheestimate;(C)Providingageneraldescriptionof
landusesanddevelopmenttrendswithinthecommunitysothatmitigationoptionscanbeconsideredinfuture
landusedecisions.
6.1 OVERVIEW
This section builds upon the information provided in Section 4: Hazard Identification and Section 5:
Hazard Profiles by identifying and characterizing an inventory of assets in the MEMA District 4 Region.
In addition, the potential impact and expected amount of damages caused to these assets by each
identifiedhazardeventisassessed.Theprimaryobjectiveofthevulnerabilityassessmentistoquantify
exposure and the potential loss estimates for each hazard. In doing so, the MEMA District 4 counties
and their participating jurisdictions may better understand their unique risks to identified hazards and
bebetterpreparedtoevaluateandprioritizespecifichazardmitigationactions.
This section begins with an explanation of the methodology applied to complete the vulnerability
assessment, followed by a summary description of the asset inventory as compiled for the MEMA
District4Region.Theremainderofthissectionfocusesontheresultsoftheassessmentconducted.
6.2 METHODOLOGY
This vulnerability assessment was conducted using three distinct methodologies: (1) A stochastic risk
assessment;(2)ageographicinformationsystem(GIS)basedanalysis;and(3)ariskmodelingsoftware
analysis. Each approach provides estimates for the potential impact of hazards by using a common,
SECTION 6: VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
FINAL April 2014
6:2
systematicframeworkforevaluation,includinghistoricaloccurrenceinformationprovidedintheHazard
IdentificationandAnalysissections.Abriefdescriptionofthethreedifferentapproachesisprovidedon
thefollowingpages.
6.2.1 Stochastic Risk Assessment
The stochastic risk assessment methodology was applied to analyze hazards of concern that were
outside the scope of hazard risk models and the GISbased risk assessment. This includes hazards that
do not have geographicallydefinable boundaries and are therefore excluded from spatial analysis
throughGIS.Astochasticriskmethodologywasusedforthefollowinghazards:
DamFailure
Drought
Erosion
Hailstorm
Landslide
Lightning
ThunderstormWind
Tornado
Many of the hazards listed above are considered atmospheric and have the potential to affect all
buildings and all populations. For many of these hazards listed above, no additional analysis was
performed.Whenpossible,annualizedlossestimatesweredeterminedusingthebestavailabledataon
historicallossesfromsourcesincludingNOAAsNationalClimaticDataCenterrecords,MEMADistrict4
Regioncountyhazardmitigationplans,andlocalknowledge.Annualizedlossistheestimatedlongterm
weighted average value of losses to property in any single year in a specified geographic area (i.e.,
municipal jurisdiction or county). Annualized loss estimates were generated by totaling the amount of
propertydamageovertheperiodoftimeforwhichrecordswereavailable,andcalculatingtheaverage
annual loss. Given the standard weighting analysis, losses can be readily compared across hazards
providinganobjectiveapproachforevaluatingmitigationalternatives.
For the dam failure

1
, drought, erosion, and landslide, no data with historical property damages was
available. Therefore, annualized potential losses for these hazards are presumed to be negligible.
Drought, hailstorm, lightning, thunderstorm wind, tornado, and winter storm and freeze have the
potential to impact the entire MEMA District 4 region. The results for these hazards are found at the
endofthissectioninTable6.11.

1
As noted in Section 5: Hazard Profiles, Dam failure could be catastrophic to areas in the inundation area. Due to a lack of a
data, no additional analysis was performed. Further, local MEMA District 4 officials indicate that separate dam failure plans have
been completed for their counties to identify risk and response measures. There was no local knowledge of critical facilities being
at risk to dam failure. As additional data becomes available, more in-depth analysis will be conducted.
FINAL April 2014
6:3

6.2.2 GISBased Analysis
Other hazards have specified geographic boundaries that permit additional using Geographic
InformationSystems(GIS).Thesehazardsinclude:
Flood
HazardousMaterialIncident
Wildfire
TheobjectiveoftheGISbasedanalysiswastodeterminetheestimatedvulnerabilityofcriticalfacilities
andpopulationsfortheidentifiedhazardsintheMEMADistrict4Regionusingbestavailablegeospatial
data. Digital data was collected from local, regional, state, and national sources for hazards and
buildings. This included local tax assessor records for individual parcels and buildings and geo
referencedpointlocationsforidentifiedassets(criticalfacilitiesandinfrastructure,specialpopulations,
etc.)whenavailable.ESRI
ArcGIS10.0wasusedtoassesshazardvulnerabilityutilizingdigitalhazard
data, as well as local building data when it was available. Using these data layers, hazard vulnerability
can be quantified by estimating the assessed building value for parcels and/or buildings determined to
belocatedinidentifiedhazardareas.Toestimatevulnerablepopulationsinhazardareas,digitalCensus
2010databycensustractwasobtained.Thiswasintersectedwithhazardareastodetermineexposed
populationcounts.Unfortunately,duetothelargescaleofcensustracts,theresultsarelimited,butwill
berevisedwithpopulationbycensusblockasavailable.Theresultsoftheanalysisprovidedanestimate
ofthenumberofpeopleandcriticalfacilities,aswellasthereplacementvalueofbuildings,determined
tobepotentiallyatrisktothosehazardswithdelineablegeographichazardboundaries.
6.2.3 Risk Modeling Software Analysis
Ariskmodelingsoftwarewasusedforthefollowinghazards:
Earthquake
There are several models that exist to model hazards. HazusMH was used in this vulnerability
assessmenttoaddresstheaforementionedhazards.
HAZUSMH
HazusMH (Hazus) is a standardized loss estimation

softwareprogramdevelopedbyFEMA.Itisbuiltuponan
integrated GIS platform to conduct analysis at a regional
level (i.e., not on a structurebystructure basis). The
Hazusriskassessmentmethodologyisparametric,inthat
distinct hazard and inventory parameters (e.g., wind
speed and building types) can be modeled using the
software to determine the impact (i.e., damages and
losses)onthebuiltenvironment.
The MEMA District 4 Regional Risk Assessment utilized

FINAL April 2014
6:4
HazusMH to produce hazard damage loss estimations for hazards for the planning area. At the time
this analysis was completed, HazusMH 2.1 was used to estimate potential damages from hurricane
windsearthquakehazardsusingHazusMHmethodology.Althoughtheprogramcanalsomodellosses
forfloodandstormsurge,itwasnotusedinthisRiskAssessment.
Figure6.1illustratestheconceptualmodeloftheHazusMHmethodology.
FIGURE6.1:CONCEPTUALMODELOFHAZUSMHMETHODOLOGY
HazusMH is capable of providing a variety of loss estimation results. In order to be consistent with
other hazard assessments, annualized losses are presented when possible. Some additional results
based on locationspecific scenarios may also be presented to provide a complete picture of hazard
vulnerability.
Loss estimates provided in this vulnerability assessment are based on best available data and
methodologies.Theresultsareanapproximationofrisk.Theseestimatesshouldbeusedtounderstand
relative risk from hazards and potential losses. Uncertainties are inherent in any loss estimation
methodology,arisinginpartfromincompletescientificknowledgeconcerningnaturalhazardsandtheir
effectsonthebuiltenvironment.Uncertaintiesalsoresultfromapproximationsandsimplificationsthat
are necessary for a comprehensive analysis (e.g., incomplete inventories, nonspecific locations,
demographics,oreconomicparameters).
FINAL April 2014
6:5
AllconclusionsarepresentedinConclusionsonHazardVulnerabilityattheendofthissection.
6.3 EXPLANATION OF DATA SOURCES

FLOOD
FEMADigitalFloodRateInsuranceMaps(DFIRM)flooddatawasusedtodeterminefloodvulnerability.
DFIRM data can be used in ArcGIS for mapping purposes, and they identify several features including
floodplain boundaries and base flood elevations. Identified areas on the DFIRM represent some
featuresofaFloodInsuranceRateMapsincludingthe100yearfloodareas(1.0percentannualchance
flood),andthe500yearfloodareas(0.2percentannualchanceflood).ForMonroeCounty,noDFIRM
data was available. Therefore, HazusMH 2.1 was used to develop the 1.0percent and 0.2percent
annual chance floodplain boundaries using a 1/3 arc second USGS Digital Elevation Model. For the
vulnerabilityassessment,localparceldataandcriticalfacilitieswereoverlaidonthe1.0percentannual
chance floodplains (ACF) and 0.2percent annual chance floodplain areas for counties that had digital
parceldataavailable.However,fiveofthecountiesdidnothaveparceldataavailableandsoacomplete
analysis at the parcel level was not completed. It should be noted that such an analysis does not
accountforbuildingelevation.
WILDFIRE
ThedatausedtodeterminevulnerabilitytowildfireintheMEMADistrict4RegionisbasedonGISdata
called the Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment (SWRA). It was provided for use in this plan by the
Mississippi Forestry Commission. A specific layer, known as Level of Concern (LOC) was used to
determine vulnerability of people and property. The LOC is presented on a scale of 1 to 100. It
combines a Wildfire Susceptibility Index (WFSI) with a Fire Effects Index (FEI). The primary purpose of
the LOC data is to highlight areas of concern that may be conducive to mitigation actions. Due to the
assumptions made, it is not a true probability. However, it does provide a comparison of risk
throughout the region. In the wildfire analysis, digital parcel data was used to determine parcels that
weremostsusceptibletothewildfirehazard.However,aswiththefloodanalysis,somecountiesdidnot
have digital parcel data available. In those cases parcel level analysis was completed using building
inventorydatathatwasacquiredfromHazusMH2.1attheCensusBlocklevel.
EARTHQUAKE
HazusMH2.1(asdescribedabove)wasusedtoassessearthquakevulnerability.Alevel1,probabilistic
scenario to estimate average annualized loss was utilized. In this scenario, several return periods
(events of varying intensities) are run to determine annualized loss. Default HazusMH earthquake
damage functions and methodology were used to determine the probability of damage for 100, 250
500, 750, 1,000, 1,500, and 2,500year frequency events (also known as a return period). These
results are then averaged to determine average annualized loss. Results are generated at the census
tractlevelinHazusMHandaggregatedtojurisdictionallevelinthisplan.
LANDSLIDE
As a result of the low susceptibility and low incidence of landslide for counties in the MEMA District 4
Region,aGISbasedvulnerabilityanalysiswasnotcarriedoutforthisplan.USGSLandslideSusceptibility
FINAL April 2014
6:6
Index data was evaluated along with historic occurrences to determine landslide vulnerability and
vulnerabilitywasdeterminedtobeconsistentlylowthroughouttheregion.
HURRICANEANDTROPICALSTORMWIND
HazusMH 2.1 (as described above) was used to assess wind vulnerability. For the hurricane wind
analysis, a probabilistic scenario was created to estimate the annualized loss damage in the MEMA
District4Region.DefaultHazuswindspeeddata,damagefunctions,andmethodologywereusedinto
determine the probability of damage for 100, 500,and 1,000year frequency events (also known asa
returnperiod)inthescenario.Theseresultsarethenaveragedtodetermineaverageannualizedloss.In
addition,ahistoricscenariowascreatedusingthe1916UnnamedHurricaneTrack.Theresultsindicate
what damage might be if the same track impacted the current level of buildings and population in the
Region. Results are generated at the census tract level in HazusMH and aggregated to jurisdictional
levelinthisplan.
HAZARDOUSMATERIALSINCIDENT
For the fixed hazardous materials incident analysis, Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data was used. The
Toxics Release Inventory is a publicly available database from the federal Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) that contains information on toxic chemical releases and other waste management
activities reported annually by certain covered industry groups as well as federal facilities. This
inventory was established under the Emergency Planning and Community RighttoKnow Act of 1986
(EPCRA) and expanded by the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990. Each year, facilities that meet certain
activity thresholds must report their releases and other waste management activities for listed toxic
chemicalstoEPAandtotheirstateortribalentity.Afacilitymustreportifitmeetsthefollowingthree
criteria:
Thefacilityfallswithinoneofthefollowingindustrialcategories:manufacturing;metalmining;
coal mining; electric generating facilities that combust coal and/or oil; chemical wholesale
distributors;petroleumterminalsandbulkstoragefacilities;RCRASubtitleCtreatment,storage,
anddisposal(TSD)facilities;andsolventrecoveryservices;
Has10ormorefulltimeemployeeequivalents;and
Manufactures or processes more than 25,000 pounds or otherwise uses more than 10,000
pounds of any listed chemical during the calendar year. Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic
(PBT) chemicals are subject to different thresholds of 10 pounds, 100 pounds, or 0.1 grams
dependingonthechemical.
Forthemobilehazardousmaterialsincidentanalysis,transportationdataincludingmajorhighwaysand
railroadswereobtainedfromtheNationalAtlas.ThisdataisArcGIScompatible,lendingitselftobuffer
analysistodeterminerisk.
6.4 ASSET INVENTORY
An inventory of georeferenced assets within the MEMA District 4 counties and jurisdictions was
compiled in order to identify and characterize those properties potentially at risk to the identified
FINAL April 2014
6:7
hazards
2
. By understanding the type and number of assets that exist and where they are located in
relation to known hazard areas, the relative risk and vulnerability for such assets can be assessed.
Under this assessment, two categories of physical assets were created and then further assessed
through GIS analysis. Additionally, social assets are addressed to determine population at risk to the
identifiedhazards.ThesearepresentedbelowinSection6.4.2.
6.4.1 Physical and Improved Assets
Thetwocategoriesofphysicalassetsconsistof:
1. ImprovedProperty:IncludesallimprovedpropertiesintheMEMADistrict4Regionaccordingto
localparceldataprovidedbycounties.Unfortunately,buildingfootprintdatawasnotavailable
for any of the participating areas and digital parcel data was only available in five of the ten
counties (Lowndes, Monroe, Noxubee, Oktibbeha, and Winston). In cases where digital parcel
data was available, the information has been expressed in terms of the number of parcels and
totalassessedvalueofimprovements(buildings)thatmaybeexposedtotheidentifiedhazards.
In cases where digital parcel data was not available, HazusMH 2.1 building count data was
utilizedtodeterminethenumberofbuildingsthatwerepresentinthespecifiedhazardareas.It
should be noted that this data produced less accurate information concerning the number of
buildings at risk than parcel data because the Hazus data was aggregated at a much larger
geographicarea,theCensusBlocklevel.
Hazusinventorydataprovidesanestimateofthenumberofbuildingsinthestudyregion.The
economicexposureisalsopresentedtobereferencedwithanyHazusrelatedresults.
2. Critical Facilities: Critical facilities vary by jurisdiction. For this Vulnerability Assessment,
facilities were used from HazusMH which includes fire stations, police station, medical care
facilities, schools, and emergency operation centers. When provided, local data was used to
supplement the Hazus data. It should be noted that this listing is not allinclusive for assets
locatedintheregion,butitisanticipatedthatitwillbeexpandedduringfutureplanupdatesas
moregeoreferenceddatabecomesavailableforuseinGISanalysis.
Thefollowingtablesprovideadetailedlistingofthegeoreferencedassetsthathavebeenidentifiedfor
inclusioninthevulnerabilityassessmentfortheMEMADistrict4Region.
Table 6.1 lists the number of parcels and the total assessed value of improvements for participating
areas of the MEMA District 4 Region (study area of vulnerability assessment).
3
In cases where digital
parceldatawasnotavailable,buildingcountdatafromHazusMH2.1inventorywasutilizedtocomplete
the analysis. Digital parcel data was not available for Calhoun, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay, and Webster
Counties.

2
While potentially not all-inclusive for MEMA District 4, georeferenced assets include those assets for which specific location
data is readily available for connecting the asset to a specific geographic location for purposes of GIS analysis.
3
Total assessed values for improvements is based on tax assessor records as joined to digital parcel data. This data does not
include dollar figures for tax-exempt improvements such as publicly-owned buildings and facilities.
FINAL April 2014
6:8
TABLE6.1:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location NumberofParcels
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
CalhounCounty* 8,315 $1,232,705,000
BigCreek* 41 $5,852,000
Bruce* 815 $88,879,000
CalhounCity* 867 $115,771,000
Derma* 433 $38,886,000
Pittsboro* 29 $2,816,000
SlateSprings* 41 $$22,642,000
Vardaman* 453 $43,049,000
UnincorporatedArea* 5,636 $937,452,000
ChickasawCounty* 9,190 $2,093,062,000
Houston* 2,181 $661,134,000
NewHoulka* 555 $112,407,000
Okolona* 1,660 $610,042,000
Woodland* 42 $53,646,000
ChoctawCounty* 5,088 $691,090,000
Ackerman* 1,049 $171,206,000
FrenchCamp* 184 $36,393,000
Weir* 390 $51,339,000
ClayCounty* 9,513 $1,786,342,000
WestPoint* 5,532 $1,262,664,000
LowndesCounty 31,172 $2,398,022,344
Artesia 222 $5,032,020
Caledonia 529 $34,991,360
Columbus 11,645 $1,029,141,270
Crawford 328 $7,070,730
UnincorporatedArea 18,448 $2,248,014,107
MonroeCounty 27,204 $1,144,456,173
Aberdeen 3,412 $160,156,780
Amory 4,298 $314,100,450
Gattman 131 $2,513,810
Hatley 346 $15,997,370
Smithville 511 $17,667,700
UnincorporatedArea 18,506 $634,020,063
NoxubeeCounty 10,575 $325,549,580
Brooksville 648 $21,632,370
Macon 1,559 $66,025,550
Shuqualak 377 $10,139,880
UnincorporatedArea 7,991 $227751,780
FINAL April 2014
6:9
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
OktibbehaCounty 21,100 $2,008,293,452
Maben 515 $27,860,960
Starkville 8,393 $124,557,220
Sturgis 219 $7,751,290
WebsterCounty* 5,302 $814,975,000
Eupora* 903 $259,720,000
Mantee* 81 $18,775,000
Mathiston* 269 $23,151,000
Walthall* 68 $8,729,000
WinstonCounty 16,421 $609,863,428
Louisville 3,767 $237,370,658
Noxapater 326 $10,429,946
MEMADISTRICT4
REGIONTOTAL
144,011 $13,202,525,977
*ImprovementvaluesforthesecommunitieswereobtainedfromHazusMH.
Table 6.2 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities, and schools located in the MEMA District 4 Region according to HazusMH Version 2.1. Data
fromHazuswasanalyzedandcheckedagainstcurrentrecordsforeachcriticalfacilitytodetermineboth
anaccuratelocationandwhetherornotthefacilitywasstillinexistence.
4
Inaddition,Figure6.2shows
the locations of essential facilities in the MEMA District 4 Region. Table 6.12, near the end of this
section, shows a complete list of the critical facilities by name, as well as the hazards that affect each
facility.Asnotedpreviously,thislistisnotallinclusiveandonlyincludesinformationprovidedthrough
Hazus.
TABLE6.2:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location FireStations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
CalhounCounty 2 3 1 0 7
BigCreek 0 0 0 0 0
Bruce 1 1 0 0 3
CalhounCity 1 1 1 0 2
Derma 0 0 0 0 0
Pittsboro 0 0 0 0 0
SlateSprings 0 0 0 0 0
Vardaman 0 0 0 0 2
UnincorporatedArea 0 1 0 0 0
ChickasawCounty 2 3 1 0 10

4
Research was done by using county and town websites as well as other data.
FINAL April 2014
6:10
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Houston 1 1 1 0 6
NewHoulka 0 1 0 0 1
Okolona 1 1 0 0 3
Woodland 0 0 0 0 0
ChoctawCounty 1 2 1 0 6
Ackerman 1 2 1 0 3
FrenchCamp 0 0 0 0 2
Weir 0 0 0 0 1
ClayCounty 2 2
1 1 10
WestPoint 2 2 1 1 9
LowndesCounty 6 6 1 1 31
Artesia 0 0 0 0 0
Caledonia 1 0 0 0 3
Columbus 4 5 1 1 27
Crawford 1 0 0 0 1
MonroeCounty 5 4 2 1 17
Aberdeen 2 2 1 0 6
Amory 1 1 1 1 8
Gattman 0 0 0 0 0
Hatley 0 0 0 0 0
Smithville 0 0 0 0 1
NoxubeeCounty 1 2 1 0 5
Brooksville 0 0 0 0 1
Macon 1 2 1 0 4
Shuqualak 0 0 0 0 0
OktibbehaCounty 4 3 1 1 13
Maben 0 0 0 0 2
Starkville 4 3 1 1 10
Sturgis 0 0 0 0 1
WebsterCounty 1 2 1 0 5
Eupora 1 2 1 0 4
Mantee 0 0 0 0 0
Mathiston 0 0 0 0 1
Walthall 0 0 0 0 0
FINAL April 2014
6:11
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
WinstonCounty 1 3 1 0 9
Louisville 1 2 1 0 8
Noxapater 0 1 0 0 1
MEMADISTRICT4
REGIONTOTAL
25 31 11 4 112
Source:HazusMH
FINAL April 2014
6:12
FIGURE6.2:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:HazusMH

FINAL April 2014
6:13
6.4.2 Social Vulnerability
Inadditiontoidentifyingthoseassetspotentiallyatrisktoidentifiedhazards,itisimportanttoidentify
andassessthoseparticularsegmentsoftheresidentpopulationintheMEMADistrict4Regionthatare
potentiallyatrisktothesehazards.
Table 6.3 lists the population by jurisdiction according to U.S. Census 2010 population estimates. The
total population in the MEMA District 4 Region according to Census data was 246,970 persons.
AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedinSection3:CommunityProfile.
TABLE6.3:TOTALPOPULATIONINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Location Total2010Population
CalhounCounty 14,962
ChickasawCounty 17,392
ChoctawCounty 8,543
ClayCounty 20,634
LowndesCounty 59,779
MonroeCounty 36,989
NoxubeeCounty 11,545
OktibbehaCounty 47,671
WebsterCounty 10,257
WinstonCounty 19,198
MEMADISTRICT4REGIONTOTAL 246,970
Source:U.S.Census2010
In addition, Figure 6.3 illustrates the population density per square mile by census tract as it was
reportedbytheU.S.CensusBureauin2010.
5
Ascanbeseeninthefigurethepopulationisspreadout,
withconcentrationsinColumbus,Aberdeen,Amory,Louisville,Starkville,andWestPoint.

5
Population by census block was not available at the time this plan was completed.
FINAL April 2014
6:14
FIGURE6.3:POPULATIONDENSITYINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:U.S.CensusBureau,2010

FINAL April 2014
6:15
6.5 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Asnotedearlier,onlyhazardswithaspecificgeographicboundary,availablemodelingtool,orsufficient
historical data allow for further analysis in this section. Those results are presented here. All other
hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning region (drought, hailstorm, lightning, pandemic,
thunderstorm wind, tornado, and winter storm and freeze) or, due to lack of data, analysis would not
leadtocredibleresults(damandleveefailure,erosion,expansivesoils,andlandslide).Thetotalregion
exposure,andthusrisktothesehazards,waspresentedinTable6.1.
The hazards to be further analyzed in this section include: flood, wildfire, earthquake, hurricane and
tropicalstormwinds,andhazardousmaterialsincident.
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTable6.11.
6.5.1 Flood
Historical evidence indicates that the MEMA District 4 Region is susceptible to flood events. A total of
131 flood events have been reported by the National Climatic Data Center resulting in $15.5 million
dollars in damages. On an annualized level, these damages amounted to $815,789 for the MEMA
District4Region.
In order to assess flood risk, a GISbased analysis was used to estimate exposure to flood events using
DigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)dataincombinationwithlocaltaxassessorrecordsforeachof
the MEMA District 4 Counties. The determination of assessed value atrisk (exposure) was calculated
usingGISanalysisbysummingthetotalassessedbuildingvaluesforonlythoseimprovedpropertiesthat
wereconfirmedtobelocatedwithinanidentifiedfloodplain.Forcountieswheredigitalparceldatawas
not available, an analysis was not completed as it was determined that an analysis using the inventory
fromHazusMH2.1wouldhavebeeninaccurateandtheresultswouldnothavebeenuseful.Table6.4
presents the potential atrisk property. Both the number of parcels and the approximate value are
presented.
TABLE6.4:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
6
Levelof
FloodEvent 1percentACF 0.2percentACF
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
CalhounCounty N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
BigCreek N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Bruce N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
CalhounCity N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Derma N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

6
As noted in Section 6.4, no building-specific data, such as building footprints, was available to determine buildings at risk. As a
result of this data limitation, at risk parcels and their associated improved value of the structure were used. In addition, it should
be noted again that parcel data was not available for Calhoun, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay and Webster Counties, so parcel counts
and values at risk to flooding have not been calculated.
FINAL April 2014
6:16
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Pittsboro N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SlateSprings N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Vardaman N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
UnincorporatedArea N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
ChickasawCounty N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Houston N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
NewHoulka N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Okolona N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Woodland N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
ChoctawCounty N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Ackerman N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
FrenchCamp N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Mathiston N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Weir N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
ClayCounty N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
WestPoint N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
LowndesCounty 7,689 $502,519,070 0 $0 21.0%
Artesia 2 $8,160 0 $0 0.2%
Caledonia 13 $368,990 0 $0 1.1%
Columbus 3,217 $275,284,990 0 $0 26.7%
Crawford 0 $0 0 $0 0.0%
UnincorporatedArea 4,457 $226,856,930 0 $0 10.1%
MonroeCounty 3,892 $121,321,905 380 $17,732,240 12.2%
Aberdeen 218 $14,183,310 10 $747,850 9.3%
Amory 206 $14,160,910 86 $8,837,520 7.3%
Gattman 6 $8,470 0 $0 0.3%
Hatley 1 $75,190 1 $0 0.5%
Smithville 51 $1,056,470 10 $310,920 7.7%
UnincorporatedArea 3,410 $91,837,555 273 $7,835,950 15.7%
NoxubeeCounty 2,501 $87,661,790 1 $22,140 26.9%
Brooksville 16 $2,598,530 0 $0 12.0%
Macon 199 $5,781,630 0 $0 8.8%
Shuqualak 13 $74,040 0 $0 0.7%
UnincorporatedArea 2,273 $79,207,590 1 $22,140 34.8%
OktibbehaCounty 1,866 $117,413,530 9 $679,360 5.9%
Maben 0 $0 0 $0 0.0%
FINAL April 2014
6:17
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Starkville 563 $61,124,580 9 $679,360 49.6%
Sturgis 1 $500 0 $0 0.0%
WebsterCounty N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A
Eupora N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Maben N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Mantee N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Walthall N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
WinstonCounty 2,870 $83,987,045 11 $2,464,911 14.2%
Louisville 437 $28,334,516 11 $2,464,911 13.0%
Noxapater 1 $24,664 0 $0 0.2%
Source:FEMADFIRMandCountyTaxAssessorData
SOCIALVULNERABILITY
Figure 6.4 is presented to gain a better understanding of atrisk population by evaluating census tract
level population data against mapped floodplains. There are areas of concern in several of the
municipal population centers in this region including Columbus, Amory, Starkville, and Aberdeen.
Indeed, nearly every incorporated municipality is potentially at risk of being impacted by flooding in
someareasofitsjurisdiction.Therefore,furtherinvestigationintheseareasmaybewarranted.

FINAL April 2014
6:18
FIGURE6.4:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
Source:FEMADFIRM,U.S.Census2010
CRITICALFACILITIES
The critical facility analysis revealed that there are five facilities located in floodplain. (Please note, as
previously noted, this analysis does not consider building elevation, which may negate risk.) Facilities
include one police station and four schools. A list of specific critical facilities and their associated risk
canbefoundinTable6.12attheendofthissection.

FINAL April 2014
6:19
In conclusion, a flood has the potential to impact many existing and future buildings, facilities, and
populationsintheMEMADistrict4Region,thoughsomeareasareatahigherriskthanothers.Alltypes
of structures in a floodplain are atrisk, though elevated structures will have a reduced risk. Such site
specific vulnerability determinations are outside the scope of this assessment but will be considered
during future plan updates. Furthermore, areas subject to repetitive flooding should be analyzed for
potentialmitigationactions.
6.5.2 Wildfire
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceindicatesthattheMEMADistrict4Regionissusceptibletowildfireevents,
there are few reports of damage. Therefore, it is difficult to calculate a reliable annualized loss figure.
Annualized loss is considered negligible though it should be noted that a single event could result in
significantdamagesthroughouttheregion.
To estimate exposure to wildfire, the approximate number of parcels and their associated improved
valuewasdeterminedusingGISanalysisforcountieswherethatdatawasavailable.Forcountiesthatdo
nothavedigitalparceldata,buildingdatawasobtainedfromHazusMH2.1whichincludesinformation
thathasbeenaggregatedattheCensusblocklevelwhichhasbeendeemedusefulforanalyzingwildfire
vulnerability.However,itshouldbenotedthattheaccuracyofHazusdataissomewhatlowerthanthat
of parcel data. Hazus data was utilized in place of parcel data for the following counties: Calhoun,
Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay, and Webster. For the critical facility analysis, areas of concern were
intersectedwithcriticalfacilitylocations.
Figure6.5showstherawdataforLevelofConcern.Initiallyprovidedasrasterdata,itwasconvertedto
a polygon to allow for analysis. Figure 6.6 shows the areas of analysis, where any grid cell is greater
thanorequalto1.0.Table6.5showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
6:20
FIGURE6.5:WILDFIRERISKAREASINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:SouthernWildfireRiskAssessmentData

FINAL April 2014
6:21
FIGURE6.6:AREASOFCONCERNFORWILDFIREANALYSIS
TABLE6.5:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTY
7
TOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
8
WildfireRisk

7
Parcel data was not available for Calhoun, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay, or Webster Counties. Therefore, building counts and
values were pulled from Hazus-MH at the Census Block level and approximate improved value was calculated.
8
As noted in Section 6.4, no building-specific data, such as building footprints, was available to determine buildings at risk. As a
results of this data limitation, at risk parcels and their associated improved value of the structure were used.
FINAL April 2014
6:22
Location
Approx.NumberofImproved
Properties Approx.ImprovedValue
CalhounCounty 23 $2,886,000
BigCreek 0 $0
Bruce 0 $0
CalhounCity 0 $0
Derma 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0
SlateSprings 0 $0
Vardaman 0 $0
ChickasawCounty 35 $4,133,000
Houston 0 $0
NewHoulka 0 $0
Okolona 0 $0
Woodland 0 $0
ChoctawCounty 569 $79,925,000
Ackerman 18 $4,718,000
FrenchCamp 0 $0
Weir 294 $41,786,000
ClayCounty 161 $22,139,000
WestPoint 0 $0
LowndesCounty 209 $13,416,500
Artesia 0 $0
Caledonia 0 $0
Columbus 0 $0
Crawford 0 $0
MonroeCounty 3 $184,160
Aberdeen 0 $0
Amory 0 $0
Gattman 0 $0
Hatley 0 $0
Smithville 0 $0
NoxubeeCounty 0 $0
Brooksville 0 $0
Macon 0 $0
Shuqualak 0 $0
OktibbehaCounty 2 $0
Maben 0 $0
Starkville 0 $0
Sturgis 0 $0
FINAL April 2014
6:23
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties Approx.ImprovedValue
WebsterCounty 18 $807,000
Eupora 0 $0
Mantee 0 $0
Mathiston 0 $0
Walthall 0 $0
WinstonCounty 787 $21,867,534
Louisville 160 $9,514,850
Noxapater 166 $4,737,638
MEMADISTRICT4
REGIONTOTAL
1,807 $145,358,194
SocialVulnerability
GivensomelevelofsusceptibilityacrosstheentireMEMADistrict4Region,itisassumedthatthetotal
populationisatrisktothewildfirehazard.Determiningtheexactnumberofpeopleincertainwildfire
zonesisdifficultwithexistingdataandcouldbemisleading.
CriticalFacilities
The critical facility analysis revealed that there are no critical facilities located in wildfire areas of
concern.Itshouldbenoted,however,thatseveralfactorscouldimpactthespreadofawildfireputting
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTable6.12
attheendofthissection.
In conclusion, a wildfire event has the potential to impact many existing and future buildings, critical
facilities,andpopulationsintheMEMADistrict4Region.
6.5.3 Earthquake
As the HazusMH model suggests below, and historical occurrences confirm, any earthquake activity in
theareaislikelytoinflictminordamagetotheplanningarea. HazusMH2.1estimatesatotalexposure
of $21,961,554,000 which includes buildings and contents throughout the planning area. While this
numberisnotanexactrepresentation ofassessedtaxvalue,itishelpfulinassessingtheresultsofthe
HazusMHscenario.
Fortheearthquakehazardvulnerabilityassessment,aprobabilisticscenariowascreatedtoestimatethe
average annualized loss
9
for the region. The results of the analysis are generated at the Census Tract
level within HazusMH and then aggregated to the county level. Since the scenario is annualized, no
building counts are provided. Losses reported included losses due to structure failure, building loss,
contentsandinventory.Theydonotincludelossestobusinessinterruption,lostincome,orrelocation.
Table6.6summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.

9
Annualized Loss is defined by Hazus-MH as the expected value of loss in any one year.
FINAL April 2014
6:24
TABLE6.6:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
Location TotalAnnualizedLoss ExposurebyCounty PercentofExposure
CalhounCounty $67,000 $1,255,251,000 0.01%
ChickasawCounty $111,000 $2,092,971,000 0.01%
ChoctawCounty $17,000 $691,084,000 0.00%
ClayCounty $54,000 $1,786,293,000 0.00%
LowndesCounty $153,000 $5,996,119,000 0.00%
MonroeCounty $128,000 $3,404,560,000 0.00%
NoxubeeCounty $17,000 $831,389,000 0.00%
OktibbehaCounty $50,000 $3,455,610,000 0.00%
WebsterCounty $28,000 $820,426,000 0.00%
WinstonCounty $31,000 $1,627,851,000 0.00%
MEMADISTRICT4REGION
TOTAL
$656,000 $21,961,554,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SOCIALVULNERABILITY
Itcanbeassumedthatallexistingfuturepopulationsareatrisktotheearthquakehazard.Nofatalities
orinjurieswerereportedintheaboveHazusMHprobabilisticscenario.
CRITICALFACILITIES
The HazusMH probabilistic analysis indicated that no critical facilities would sustain measurable
damage in an earthquake event. However, all critical facilities should be considered atrisk to minor
damage, should an event occur. Specific vulnerabilities for these assets will be greatly dependent on
their individual design and the mitigation measures in place, where appropriate. Such sitespecific
vulnerability determinations are outside the scope of this assessment but will be considered during
futureplanupdates.
Inconclusion,anearthquakehasthepotentialtoimpactallexistingandfuturebuildings,facilities,and
populations in the MEMA District 4 Region. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is
expected from an earthquake occurrence. While the MEMA District 4 Region may not experience a
large earthquake (the greatest on record is a magnitude V MMI), localized damage is possible with an
occurrence.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTable6.12atthe
endofthissection.

6.5.4 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
HistoricalevidenceindicatesthattheMEMADistrict4hasanelevatedrisktothehurricaneandtropical
stormhazard.Therehavebeenthreedisasterdeclarationsduetohurricanes(HurricaneIvan,Hurricane
Dennis,HurricaneKatrina,andHurricaneIsaac).Severaltrackshavecomenearortraversedthroughthe
MEMADistrict4Region,asshownanddiscussedinSection5:HazardProfilesHurricaneSection.

FINAL April 2014
6:25
Hurricanes and tropical storms can cause damage through numerous additional hazards such as
flooding, erosion, tornadoes, and high winds, thus it is difficult to estimate total potential losses from
thesecumulativeeffects.ThecurrentHazusMHhurricanemodelonlyanalyzeshurricanewindsandis
not capable of modeling and estimating cumulative losses from all hazards associated with hurricanes;
therefore only hurricane winds are analyzed in this section. It can be assumed that all existing and
future buildings and populations are at risk to the hurricane and tropical storm hazard. HazusMH 2.1
was used to determine average annualized losses
10
for the region as shown below in Table 6.7. Only
lossestobuildings,inventory,andcontentsareincludedintheresults.
TABLE6.7:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
CalhounCounty $28,000 $1,255,251,000 0.00%
ChoctawCounty $28,000 $691,084,000 0.00%
ClayCounty $61,000 $1,786,293,000 0.00%
LowndesCounty $228,000 $5,996,119,000 0.00%
MonroeCounty $91,000 $3,404,560,000 0.00%
NoxubeeCounty $65,000 $831,389,000 0.01%
WebsterCounty $24,000 $820,426,000 0.00%
WinstonCounty $90,000 $1,627,851,000 0.01%
MEMADISTRICT4REGION
TOTAL
$762,000 $21,961,554,000 0.00%
In addition, HazusMH 2.1 was used to recreate the 1916 Unnamed Hurricane and potential estimate
losses in the planning area. This hurricane made landfall near Gulfport, Mississippi as a Category 3
stormonJuly5,1916.Itcarriedsustainedwindsof120milesperhour.Thetrackmovedinlandtothe
north before taking a sharp turn to the east. It then traversed many counties in the MEMA District 4
planning area as a tropical storm. The storm was reported to cause four deaths and $3 million in
damageswhichequatestoover$62milliontoday. Thescenarioinvestigates potentiallossesbasedon
thesametrackimpactingtheplanningareatodayasshowninTable6.8.
Figure6.7showstheactual1916UnnamedHurricanetrackthatwasusedtomodelthisscenario.Ascan
beobserved,thestormpasseddirectlythroughtheregion.

10
FINAL April 2014
6:26
FIGURE6.7:1916UNNAMEDHURRICANE
Source:HazusMH2.1
FINAL April 2014
6:27
TABLE6.8:UNNAMEDHURRICANEOF1916SCENARIO
CalhounCounty $0 $1,255,251,000 0.00%
ChickasawCounty $0 $2,092,971,000 0.00%
ChoctawCounty $18,000 $691,084,000 0.00%
ClayCounty $0 $1,786,293,000 0.00%
LowndesCounty $0 $5,996,119,000 0.00%
MonroeCounty $0 $3,404,560,000 0.00%
NoxubeeCounty $17,000 $831,389,000 0.00%
OktibbehaCounty $0 $3,455,610,000 0.00%
WebsterCounty $0 $820,426,000 0.00%
WinstonCounty $107,000 $1,627,851,000 0.01%
MEMADISTRICT4REGION
TOTAL
$142,000 $21,961,554,000 0.00%
SOCIALVULNERABILITY
Given some equal susceptibility across the entire MEMA District 4 Region, it is assumed that the total
population,bothcurrentandfuture,isatrisktothehurricaneandtropicalstormhazard.
CRITICALFACILITIES
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrosstheMEMADistrict4Region,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeat
risk. Some buildings may perform better than others in the face of such an event due to construction
and age, among factors. Determining individual building response is beyond the scope of this plan.
However, this plan will consider mitigation action for especially vulnerable and/or critical facilities to
mitigationagainsttheeffectsofthehurricanehazard.Alistofspecificcriticalfacilitiescanbefoundin
Table6.12attheendofthissection.
In conclusion, a hurricane event has the potential to impact many existing and future buildings, critical
facilities,andpopulationsintheMEMADistrict4Region.
6.5.5 Hazardous Materials Incident
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceandexistingToxicReleaseInventorysitesindicatethattheMEMADistrict4
Region is susceptible to hazardous materials events, there are few reports of damage. Therefore, it is
difficult to calculate a reliable annualized loss figure. It is assumed that while one major event could
resultinsignificantlosses,annualizingstructurallossesoveralongperiodoftimewouldmostlikelyyield
anegligibleannualizedlossestimatefortheMEMADistrict4Region.
Most hazardous materials incidents that occur are contained and suppressed before destroying any
property or threatening lives. However, they can have a significant negative impact. Such events can
cause multiple deaths, completely shut down facilities for 30 days or more, and cause more than 50
percent of affected properties to be destroyed or suffer major damage. In a hazardous materials
incident, solid, liquid, and/or gaseous contaminants may be released from fixed or mobile containers.
Weatherconditionswilldirectlyaffecthowthehazarddevelops.Certainchemicalsmaytravelthrough
FINAL April 2014
6:28
the air or water, affecting a much larger area than the point of the incidence itself. Noncompliance
with fire and building codes, as well as failure to maintain existing fire and containment features, can
substantially increase the damage from a hazardous materials release. The duration of a hazardous
materialsincidentcanrangefromhourstodays.Warningtimeisminimaltonone.
In order to conduct the vulnerability assessment for this hazard, GIS analysis was used for fixed and
mobileareas.Inbothscenarios,twosizesofbuffers500and2,500meterswereused.Theseareas
areassumedtorespectthedifferentlevelsofeffect:immediate(primary)andsecondary.Primaryand
secondaryimpactsiteswereselectedbasedonguidancefromFEMA426,ReferenceManualtoMitigate
PotentialTerroristAttacksAgainstBuildingsandengineeringjudgment.Forthefixedsiteanalysis,geo
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesintheMEMADistrict4Region,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysis
asshowninFigure6.8.Forthemobileanalysis,themajorroads(Interstatehighway,U.S.highway,and
Statehighway)andrailroads,wherehazardousmaterialsareprimarilytransportedthatcouldadversely
impactpeopleandbuildings,wereusedfortheGISbufferanalysis.Figure6.9showstheareasusedfor
mobiletoxicreleasebufferanalysis.Theresultsindicatetheapproximatenumberofparcels,improved
value,asshowninTable6.9(fixedsites)andTable6.10(mobilesites).
11

11
Note that parcels included in the 2,500 meter analysis are also included in the 500 meter analysis.
FINAL April 2014
6:29
FIGURE6.8:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Source:EPA
FINAL April 2014
6:30
12
TOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
13
500meterbuffer 2,500meterbuffer
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
CalhounCounty 74 $10,727,000 184 $30,180,000
BigCreek 0 $0 0 $0
Bruce 0 $0 0 $0
CalhounCity 0 $0 0 $0
Derma 0 $0 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0 0 $0
SlateSprings 0 $0 0 $0
Vardaman 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 74 $10,727,000 184 $30,180,000
ChickasawCounty 213 $272,021,000 1,898 $604,617,000
Houston 213 $272,021,000 1,865 $598,001,000
NewHoulka 0 $0 0 $0
Okolona 0 $0 0 $0
Woodland 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 0 $0 33 $6,616,000
ChoctawCounty 53 $6,802,000 529 $68,710,000
Ackerman 0 $0 151 $19,736,000
FrenchCamp 0 $0 0 $0
Weir 0 $0 0 $0
ClayCounty 0 $0 0 $0
WestPoint 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 0 $0 0 $0
LowndesCounty 800 $191,508,830 17,733 $1,914,517,432
Artesia 0 $0 0 $0
Caledonia 0 $0 0 $0
Columbus 700 $64,582,900 15,758 $1,224,730,860
Crawford 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 100 $126,925,930 1,975 $689,786,572
MonroeCounty 687 $60,936,470 17,568 $1,036,651,350
Aberdeen 364 $40,034,450 3,412 $160,156,780
Amory 304 $19,192,470 4,298 $314,100,450
Gattman 0 $0 0 $0
Hatley 0 $0 346 $15,997,370
Smithville 0 $0 511 $17,667,700

12
13
As noted in Section 6.4, no building-specific data, such as building footprints, was available to determine buildings at risk. As
a result of this data limitation, at risk parcels and their associated improved value of the structure were used.
FINAL April 2014
6:31
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
NoxubeeCounty 311 $10,285,660 2,617 $98,438,090
Brooksville 103 $2,587,190 642 $21,500,850
Macon 23 $590,690 868 $39,802,930
Shuqualak 162 $4,622,370 377 $10,129,880
OktibbehaCounty 82 $57,501,430 7,407 $1,373,219,256
Maben 0 $0 0 $0
Starkville 82 $57,501,430 7,276 $1,211,959,466
Sturgis 0 $0 0 $0
WebsterCounty 59 $9,448,000 1,180 $296,729,000
Eupora 45 $8,062,000 1,045 281,493,000
Mantee 0 $0 0 $0
Mathiston 0 $0 0 $0
Walthall 0 $0 0 $0
WinstonCounty 312 $22,513,654 9,269 $563,111,771
Louisville 312 $22,513,654 8,871 $551,774,217
Noxapater 0 $0 0 $0
MEMADISTRICT4
REGIONTOTAL
2,591 $641,744,044 $58,385 $5,986,173,899

FINAL April 2014
6:32
FIGURE6.9:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION

FINAL April 2014
6:33
14
TOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
(MOBILEANALYSIS)
15
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
CalhounCounty 265 $55,715,000 1,709 $279,551,000
BigCreek 0 $0 0 $0
Bruce 194 $42,504,000 1,300 $175,422,000
Derma 0 $0 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0 0 $0
Vardaman 0 $0 0 $0
ChickasawCounty 1,108 $277,905,000 6,483 $1,365,463,000
Houston 0 $0 0 $0
NewHoulka 0 $0 0 $0
Okolona 932 $256,214,000 4,844 $1,133,174,000
Woodland 0 $0 0 $0
ChoctawCounty 2,934 $562,488,000 6,315 $877,233,000
Ackerman 2,559 522,228,000 3,190 $519,169,000
Weir 0 $0 0 $0
Mathiston 0 $0 458 $47,678,000
UnincorporatedArea 375 40,260,000 2,667 $310,386,000
ClayCounty 3,346 $797,845,000 1,989 $479,192,000
WestPoint 2,572 $690,150,000 1,401 $391,345,000
LowndesCounty 13,014 $389,144,640 24,555 $1,042,754,940
Artesia 190 $3,453,290 190 $3,453,290
Caledonia 0 $0 0 $0
Columbus 8,307 $248,278,800 11,263 $435,001,520
Crawford 121 $1,563,560 284 $4,345,460
UnincorporatedArea 4,396 $135,848,990 12,818 $599,954,670
MonroeCounty 9,431 $491,085,520 38,915 $2,085,493,383
Aberdeen 3,309 $166,232,890 11,683 $515,135,940
Amory 1,891 $157,321,350 12,978 $979,700,740
Gattman 0 $0 0 $0
Hatley 0 $0 0 $0

14
15
As noted in Section 6.4, no building-specific data, such as building footprints, was available to determine buildings at risk. As
a results of this data limitation, at risk parcels and their associated improved value of the structure were used.
FINAL April 2014
6:34
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Smithville 233 $6,961,230 511 $17,667,700
UnincorporatedArea 3,998 $160570050 13,743 $572,989,003
NoxubeeCounty 2,222 $79,354,530 10,704 $387,207,050
Brooksville 766 $27,786,100 1,944 $64,897,110
Macon 83 $7,982,080 3,819 $160,726,490
Shuqualak 339 $9,084,660 1,131 $30,419,640
OktibbehaCounty 6,144 $660,720,590 27,247 $3,212,308,250
Maben 245 $9,243,700 451 $15,572,390
Starkville 4,054 $527,375,860 16,702 $2,310,956,450
Sturgis 173 $6,362,560 219 $7,751,290
WebsterCounty 6,402 $1,302,813,000 11,098 $1,812,869,000
Eupora 2,603 $814,087,000 3,838 $1,042,419,000
Maben 147 $12,153,000 481 $36,239,000
Mantee 0 $0 0 $0
Mathiston 1,793 $251,972,000 2,836 $308,802,000
Walthall 0 $0 0 $0
WinstonCounty 1,708 81,781,523 5,744 276,252,218
Louisville 959 57,591,752 3,360 205,714,438
Noxapater 223 7,404,864 326 10,429,946
UnincorporatedArea 526 16,784,907 2,058 60,107,834
MEMADISTRICT4
REGIONTOTAL
17,468 1,464,894,640 33,027 2,887,409,940
SOCIALVULNERABILITY
Given high susceptibility across the entire MEMA District 4 Region, it is assumed that the total
population is at risk. It should be noted that areas of population concentration (near Columbus and
Starkville, for example) may be at an elevated risk due to a greater burden to evacuate population
quickly.
CRITICALFACILITIES
FixedSiteAnalysis:
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisforfixedTRIsitesrevealedthatthereare79facilitieslocatedinahazmatrisk
zone.Thisincludes51schools,16policestations,6firestations,4medicalcarefacilities,and2EOCs.A
list of specific critical facilities and their associated risk can be found in Table 6.12 at the end of this
section.

FINAL April 2014
6:35
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors revealed that there are 142 facilities located in
the primary and secondary mobile HAZMAT buffer areas. This includes 86 schools, 18 fire stations, 26
police stations, 8 medical care facilities, and 4 EOCs. A list of specific critical facilities and their
associatedriskcanbefoundinTable6.12attheendofthissection.
In conclusion, a hazardous material incident has the potential to impact many existing and future
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in the MEMA District 4 Region. Those areas in a primary
buffer area at the highest risk, though all areas carry some vulnerability due to variations in condition
that could alter the impact area (i.e., direction and speed of wind, volume of release, etc). Further,
incidentsfromneighboringcountiescouldalsoimpactthecountyandparticipatingjurisdictions.
6.6 CONCLUSIONS ON HAZARD VULNERABIILTY
Theresultsofthisvulnerabilityassessmentareusefulinatleastthreeways:
Improving our understanding of the risk associated with the natural hazards in the MEMA
District 4 Region through better understanding of the complexities and dynamics of risk, how
levelsofriskcanbemeasuredandcompared,andthemyriadoffactorsthatinfluencerisk.An
understanding of these relationships is critical in making balanced and informed decisions on
managingtherisk.
Providing a baseline for policy development and comparison of mitigation alternatives. The
data used for this analysis presents a current picture of risk in the MEMA District 4 Region.
Updatingthisrisksnapshotwithfuturedatawillenablecomparisonofthechangesinriskwith
time.Baselinesofthistypecansupporttheobjectiveanalysisofpolicyandprogramoptionsfor
riskreductionintheregion.
Comparingtheriskamongthenaturalhazardsaddressed.Theabilitytoquantifytherisktoall
these hazards relative to one another helps in a balanced, multihazard approach to risk
management at each level of governing authority. This ranking provides a systematic
frameworktocompareandprioritizetheverydisparatenaturalhazardsthatarepresentinthe
MEMA District 4 Region. This final step in the risk assessment provides the necessary
information for local officials to craft a mitigation strategy to focus resources on only those
hazardsthatposethemostthreattotheMEMADistrict4counties.
Exposuretohazardscanbeanindicatorofvulnerability.Economicexposurecanbeidentifiedthrough
locallyassessedvaluesforimprovements(buildings),andsocialexposurecanbeidentifiedbyestimating
thepopulationexposedtoeachhazard.Thisinformationisespeciallyimportantfordecisionmakersto
useinplanningforevacuationorotherpublicsafetyrelatedneeds.
Thetypesofassetsincludedintheseanalysesincludeallbuildingtypesintheparticipatingjurisdictions.
Specificinformationaboutthetypesofassetsthatarevulnerabletotheidentifiedhazardsisincludedin
eachhazardsubsection(forexampleallbuildingtypesareconsideredatrisktothewinterstormhazard
andcommercial,residential,andgovernmentownedfacilitiesareatrisktorepetitiveflooding,etc).
Table6.11presentsasummaryofannualizedlossforeachhazardintheMEMADistrict4Region.Due
to the reporting of hazard damages primarily at the county level, it was difficult to determine an
accurateannualizedlossestimateforeachmunicipality.Therefore,anannualizedlosswasdetermined
FINAL April 2014
6:36
through the damage reported through historical occurrences at the county level. These values should
be used as an additional planning tool or measure risk for determining hazard mitigation strategies
throughouttheregion.
TABLE6.11:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION
Hazard
Calhoun
County
Chickasaw
County
Choctaw
County
Clay
County
Lowndes
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $8,384 $365 $340,905 $103,259 $457,393
Erosion Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
DamFailure Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
WinterStorm&Freeze $2,455 $11,178 $73,433 $56,313 $7,291
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
Wildfire Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $67,000 $111,000 $17,000 $54,000 $153,000
Landslide Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
ExpansiveSoils Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
WindrelatedHazards
Hurricane&TropicalStorm $28,000 $39,000 $28,000 $61,000 $228,000
Thunderstorm/HighWind $22,304 $44,286 $111,745 $117,323 $1,374,327
Hail $1,652 $3,349 $39,762 $2,180 $17,994
Lightning $1,584 $473 Negligible Negligible $119,668
Tornado $190,519 $373,647 $34,639,249 $284,776 $8,105,666
OtherHazards
HAZMATIncident Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
Pandemic Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
TABLE6.11:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORTHEMEMADISTRICT4REGION(CONT.)
Hazard
Monroe
County
Noxubee
County
Oktibbeha
County
Webster
County
Winston
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $10,033 $73,636 $163,498 $198,212 $182,342
Erosion Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
DamFailure Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
WinterStorm&Freeze $465 $63,904 $63,564 $53,906 $358,406
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
Wildfire Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $128,000 $17,000 $50,000 $28,000 $31,000
Landslide Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
FINAL April 2014
6:37
Hazard
Monroe
County
Noxubee
County
Oktibbeha
County
Webster
County
Winston
County
ExpansiveSoils Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
WindrelatedHazards
Hurricane&TropicalStorm $91,000 $65,000 $108,000 $24,000 $90,000
Thunderstorm/HighWind $44,661 $113,650 $1,298,981 $51,130 $703,292
Hail $2,804 $7,472 $48,374 $10,056 $23,801
Lightning $23,470 Negligible $187,775 $360,500 $59,703
Tornado $1,946,303 $288,788 $376,500 $1,886,988 $445,371
OtherHazards
HAZMATIncident Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
Pandemic Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible
As noted previously, all existing and future buildings and populations (including critical facilities) are
vulnerabletoatmospherichazardsincludingdrought,hailstorm,hurricaneandtropicalstorm,lightning,
thunderstormwind,tornado,andwinterstormandfreeze.Somebuildingsmaybemorevulnerableto
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.Table6.12showsthecriticalfacilities
vulnerabletoadditionalhazardsanalyzedinthissection.Thetableliststhoseassetsthataredetermined
tobeexposedtoeachoftheidentifiedhazards(markedwithanX).
ThisPageIntentionallyLeftBlank


FINAL April 2014
6:38
TABLE6.12:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIES
ATMOSPHERIC GEOLOGIC HYDROLOGIC OTHER

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CALHOUNCOUNTY

ChickenboneFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
BrucePoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
BruceHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
BruceElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
BruceUpperElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
HillcrestHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X
VardamanHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
VardamanElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X

16
As noted previously, these facilities could be at risk to dam failure if located in an inundation area. Data was not available to conduct such an analysis. There was no local
knowledge of these facilities being at risk to dam failure. As additional data becomes available, more in-depth analysis will be conducted.


FINAL April 2014
6:39

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CHICKASAWCOUNTY

HoulkaPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X
HoulkaAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X
HoustonFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
TraceRegionalHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X
ChickasawCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonJuniorHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
HoustonLowerElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
HoustonUpperElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonVocCenter School
X X X X X X X X
OkolonaFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OkolonaPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OkolonaElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:40

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
OkolonaHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
OkolonaVocComplex School
X X X X X X X X X
CHOCTAWCOUNTY

AckermanVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
ChoctawCountyMedicalCenter
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X X
AckermanPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
ChoctawCountySheriff'sOffice
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
AckermanHigh School
X X X X X X X X X X
AckermanElem School
X X X X X X X X X X
ChoctawCoCareerandTech School
X X X X X X X X X X
FrenchCampAcademy School
X X X X X X X X
FrenchCampElemSchool School
X X X X X X X X
WeirElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X
CLAYCOUNTY

WestClayElem School
X X X X X X X X
WestPointCityEmergencyMgmt EOC
X X X X X X X X X
WestPointFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:41

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
WestPointFireDepartment#2
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
NorthMississippiMedicalCenterWP
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
WestPointPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
WestPointPoliceChief
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OakHillAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
SouthSideElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X
ChurchHillElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
WestSideAlternativeSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
EastSideElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
FifthStreetSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
WestPointHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
CentralSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
CatherineBryanPreschool School
X X X X X X X X X
LOWNDESCOUNTY

CaledoniaVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
CaledoniaElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X
CaledoniaHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:42

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CaledoniaMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X
LowndesCountyEmergency
Management EOC
X X X X X X X X X X X
FireStation#5
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
ColumbusFireDepartment
Fire
Station
LowndesCountyFireDepartment
Fire
Station
LowndesCountyFireDepartment#2
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
BaptistMemorialHospGolden
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X X
PoliceDeptInfo&Records
Police
Station
PoliceDepartment
Police
Station
LowndesCountyCriminalDiv
Police
Station
InvestigationDivision
Police
Station
LowndesCountySheriff'sDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X X X X
NewHopeElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
NewHopeHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:43

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
NewHopeMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
ColumbusHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X X X
SaleElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
MckellarVocationalCenter School
FairviewElementarySchool School
MsSchoolForMathAndScience School
MitchellMemorialElementary School
StokesBeardElementarySchool School
HuntIntermediateSchool School
JoeCookElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
FranklinAcademy School
S.D.LeeMiddleSchool School
UnionAcademy School
CMSDAlternativeSchool School
WestLowndesHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
WestLowndesMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
WestLowndesElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
AnnunciationCatholicSchool School
HeritageAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
Young'sChristianAcademy School
9thStreetDayCareCenter School


FINAL April 2014
6:44

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
ColumbusChristianSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
ChildrensHouseMontessoriSchool School
ImmanuelsCtrForChristianEd School
X X X X X X X X X X
VictoryChristianAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X
ColumbusAirForceBase
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
CrawfordFireDept
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
EastOktibbehaCountyHigh School
X X X X X X X X
MONROECOUNTY

WrenVolunteerFireDepartmentInc.
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
CedarCreekVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
AberdeenMonroeCountyHosp
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X
AberdeenPoliceDept
Police
Station
MonroeCountySheriff'sOffice
Police
Station
AberdeenElementarySchool School
AberdeenHighSchool School
AberdeenMiddleSchool School


FINAL April 2014
6:45

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
ShiversJuniorHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
BelleElementary School
X X X X X X X X X X
MonroeCoVocTech School
X X X X X X X X X
AmoryCivilDefense EOC
AmoryFireDept
Fire
Station
PioneerCommunityHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
AmoryPoliceDept
Police
Station
HatleyHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
AmoryChristianAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
EastAmoryElementarySchool School
AmoryHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
AmoryMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
AmoryVocTechComplex School
X X X X X X X X X X
WestAmorySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
BeckerElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
RuralHillVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
HamiltonHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
HatleyVolunteerFireDepartment Fire
X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:46

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
Station
NettletonPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
PrairieElementarySchool School
SmithvilleHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
NOXUBEECOUNTY

BrooksvilleHighSchool School
MaconFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
NoxubeeGeneralHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
MaconPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
NoxubeeCountySheriff'sOfc
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
NoxubeeCoVocTech School
NoxubeeCountyHighSchool School
BFLiddellMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
CentralAcademy School
X X X X X X X X
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY

EastWebsterHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
WestOktibbehaCountyHigh School
X X X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:47

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
UniversityPolice
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
OktibbehaCountyDistrict5Volunteer
FireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
CivilDefenseCouncil EOC
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleFireDept
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleFireDept#2
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
CentralOktibbehaFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OktibbehaCountyHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
StarkvillePoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OktibbehaCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleChristianSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
EastOktibbehaCountyElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
SudduthElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
OverstreetElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
ArmstrongMiddleSchool School


FINAL April 2014
6:48

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
WardStewartElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
MillsapsCareer&TechCenter School
X X X X X X X X X X
EmersonFamilySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
SturgisAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X X X
WEBSTERCOUNTY

EuporaFireDepartment
Fire
Station
WebsterHealthServices
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X X
EuporaPoliceDept
Police
Station
WebsterCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
WebsterCoCareer&TechnolCtr School
X X X X X X X X X X
EuporaElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
EuporaJuniorHighSchool School
EuporaHighSchool School
EastWebsterElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
WINSTONCOUNTY

LouisvilleFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:49

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
1
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
WinstonMedicalCenter
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
WinstonCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
LouisvillePoliceDept
Police
Station
WinstonAcademy School
X X X X X X X X
GraceChristianSchool School
X X X X X X X X
LouisvilleMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
FairElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
LouisvilleElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
LouisvilleHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
WinstonLouisvilleVocCenter School
X X X X X X X X X X
NanihWaiyaAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X
NoxapaterPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
NoxapaterAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
6:39
SECTION 7
CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
FINAL April 2014
7:1
This section of the Plan discusses the capability of the MEMA District 4 Region to implement hazard
mitigationactivities.Itconsistsofthefollowingfoursubsections:
7.1WhatisaCapabilityAssessment?
7.2ConductingtheCapabilityAssessment
7.3CapabilityAssessmentFindings
7.4ConclusionsonLocalCapability
7.1 WHAT IS A CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
The purpose of conducting a capability assessment is to determine the ability of a local jurisdiction to
implement acomprehensive mitigation strategy and to identify potential opportunities forestablishing
or enhancing specific mitigation policies, programs, or projects
1
. As in any planning process, it is
important to try to establish which goals, objectives, and/or actions are feasible based on an
understanding of the organizational capacity of those agencies or departments tasked with their
implementation.Acapabilityassessmenthelpstodeterminewhichmitigationactionsarepractical,and
likely to be implemented over time, given a local governments planning and regulatory framework,
levelofadministrativeandtechnicalsupport,amountoffiscalresources,andcurrentpoliticalclimate.
A capability assessment has two primary components: 1) an inventory of a local jurisdictions relevant
plans, ordinances, or programs already in place and 2) an analysis of its capacity to carry them out.
Careful examination of local capabilities will detect any existing gaps, shortfalls, or weaknesses with
ongoinggovernmentactivitiesthatcouldhinderproposedmitigationactivitiesandpossiblyexacerbate
community hazard vulnerability. A capability assessment also highlights the positive mitigation
measures already in place or being implemented at the local government level, which should continue
tobesupportedandenhancedthroughfuturemitigationefforts.
The capability assessment completed for the MEMA District 4 Region serves as a critical planning step
and an integral part of the foundation for designing an effective hazard mitigation strategy. Coupled
with the Risk Assessment, the Capability Assessment helps identify and target meaningful mitigation
actions for incorporation in the Mitigation Strategy portion of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. It not only
helpsestablishthegoalsandobjectivesfortheregiontopursueunderthisPlan,butitalsoensuresthat
thosegoalsandobjectivesarerealisticallyachievableundergivenlocalconditions.
1
While the Final Rule for implementing the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 does not require a local capability assessment to be
completed for local hazard mitigation plans, it is a critical step in developing a mitigation strategy that meets the needs of the
region while taking into account their own unique abilities. The Rule does state that a communitys mitigation strategy should be
based on existing authorities, policies, programs and resources, and its ability to expand on and improve these existing tools
(44 CFR, Part 201.6(c)(3)).
SECTION 7: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
FINAL April 2014
7:2
7.2 CONDUCTING THE CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
In order to facilitate the inventory and analysis of local government capabilities within the MEMA
District4counties,adetailedCapabilityAssessmentSurvey
2
wascompletedforeachoftheparticipating
jurisdictions based on the information found in existing hazard mitigation plans and local government
websites.Thesurveyquestionnairecompiledinformationonavarietyofcapabilityindicatorssuchas
existing local plans, policies, programs, or ordinances that contribute to and/or hinder the regions
ability to implement hazard mitigation actions. Other indicators included information related to the
regionsfiscal,administrative,andtechnicalcapabilities,suchasaccesstolocalbudgetaryandpersonnel
resources for mitigation purposes. The current political climate, an important consideration for any
localplanningordecisionmakingprocess,wasalsoevaluatedwithrespecttohazardmitigation.
At a minimum, survey results provide an extensive inventory of existing local plans, ordinances,
programs, and resources that are in place or under development in addition to their overall effect on
hazardlossreduction.However,thesurveyinstrument canalsoservetoidentifygaps, weaknesses,or
conflicts that counties and local jurisdictions can recast as opportunities for specific actions to be
proposedaspartofthehazardmitigationstrategy.
The information collected in the survey questionnaire was incorporated into a database for further
analysis. A general scoring methodology
3
was then applied to quantify each jurisdictions overall
capability.Accordingtothescoringsystem,eachcapabilityindicatorwasassignedapointvaluebased
onitsrelevancetohazardmitigation.
Using this scoring methodology, a total score and an overall capability rating of high, moderate, or
limited could be determined according to the total number of points received. These classifications
are designed to provide nothing more than a general assessment of local government capability. The
results of this capability assessment provide critical information for developing an effective and
meaningfulmitigationstrategy.
7.3 CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT FINDINGS
ThefindingsofthecapabilityassessmentaresummarizedinthisPlantoprovideinsightintotherelevant
capacity of the MEMA District 4 Region to implement hazard mitigation activities. All information is
based upon the review of existing hazard mitigation plans and local government websites through the
Capability Assessment Survey and input provided by local government officials during meetings of the
MEMADistrict4HazardMitigationCouncil.
7.3.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
Planning and regulatory capability is based on the implementation of plans, ordinances, and programs
thatdemonstratealocaljurisdictionscommitmenttoguidingandmanaginggrowth,development,and
redevelopment in a responsible manner while maintaining the general welfare of the community. It
includes emergency response and mitigation planning, comprehensive land use planning, and
transportation planning; the enforcement of zoning or subdivision ordinances and building codes that
regulate how land is developed and structures are built; as well as protecting environmental, historic,
and cultural resources in the community. Although some conflicts can arise, these planning initiatives
2
The Capability Assessment Survey instrument is available in Appendix B.
3
The scoring methodology used to quantify and rank the regions capability can be found in Appendix B.

FINAL April 2014
7:3
generally present significant opportunities to integrate hazard mitigation principles and practices into
thelocaldecisionmakingprocess.
Thisassessmentisdesignedtoprovideageneraloverviewofthekeyplanningandregulatorytoolsand
programs that are in place or under development for the MEMA District 4 Region along with their
potential effect on loss reduction. This information will help identify opportunities to address existing
gaps,weaknesses,orconflictswithotherinitiativesinadditiontointegratingtheimplementationofthis
Planwithexistingplanningmechanismswhereappropriate.
Table7.1providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
under development for the MEMA District 4 Region. A checkmark () indicates that the given item is
currentlyinplaceandbeingimplemented.Anasterisk(*)indicatesthatthegivenitemiscurrentlybeing
developed for future implementation. Each of these local plans, ordinances, and programs should be
considered available mechanisms for incorporating the requirements of the MEMA District 4 Regional
HazardMitigationPlan.
TABLE7.1:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
Planning/
RegulatoryTool
C
A
L
H
O
U
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
i
g
C
r
e
e
k
B
r
u
c
e
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
i
t
y
D
e
r
m
a
P
i
t
t
s
b
o
r
o
S
l
a
t
e
S
p
r
i
n
g
s
V
a
r
d
a
m
a
n
C
H
I
C
K
A
S
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
H
o
u
s
t
o
n
N
e
w
H
o
u
l
k
a
O
k
o
l
o
n
a
W
o
o
d
l
a
n
d
C
H
O
C
T
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
c
k
e
r
m
a
n
F
r
e
n
c
h
C
a
m
p
W
e
i
r
C
L
A
Y
C
O
U
N
T
Y
W
e
s
t
P
o
i
n
t
L
O
W
N
D
E
S
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
r
t
e
s
i
a
C
a
l
e
d
o
n
i
a
C
o
l
u
m
b
u
s
C
r
a
w
f
o
r
d
ComprehensiveLand
UsePlan

FloodplainManagement
Plan

OpenSpace
ManagementPlan(or
Parks&Rec/Greenway
Plan)

Stormwater
Management
Plan/Ordinance

NaturalResource
ProtectionPlan

FloodResponsePlan
EmergencyOperations
Plan

ContinuityofOperations
Plan

EvacuationPlan
DisasterRecoveryPlan
CapitalImprovements
Plan

EconomicDevelopment
Plan

FINAL April 2014
7:4
Planning/
RegulatoryTool
C
A
L
H
O
U
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
i
g
C
r
e
e
k
B
r
u
c
e
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
i
t
y
D
e
r
m
a
P
i
t
t
s
b
o
r
o
S
l
a
t
e
S
p
r
i
n
g
s
V
a
r
d
a
m
a
n
C
H
I
C
K
A
S
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
H
o
u
s
t
o
n
N
e
w
H
o
u
l
k
a
O
k
o
l
o
n
a
W
o
o
d
l
a
n
d
C
H
O
C
T
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
c
k
e
r
m
a
n
F
r
e
n
c
h
C
a
m
p
W
e
i
r
C
L
A
Y
C
O
U
N
T
Y
W
e
s
t
P
o
i
n
t
L
O
W
N
D
E
S
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
r
t
e
s
i
a
C
a
l
e
d
o
n
i
a
C
o
l
u
m
b
u
s
C
r
a
w
f
o
r
d
HistoricPreservation
Plan

FloodDamage
PreventionOrdinance

ZoningOrdinance
SubdivisionOrdinance
UnifiedDevelopment
Ordinance

PostDisaster
Redevelopment
Ordinance

BuildingCode
FireCode
NationalFloodInsurance
Program(NFIP)

NFIPCommunityRating
System

TABLE7.1:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS(CONT.)
Planning/
RegulatoryTool
M
O
N
R
O
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
b
e
r
d
e
e
n
A
m
o
r
y
G
a
t
t
m
a
n
H
a
t
l
e
y
S
m
i
t
h
v
i
l
l
e
N
O
X
U
B
E
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
r
o
o
k
s
v
i
l
l
e
M
a
c
o
n
S
h
u
q
u
a
l
a
k
O
K
T
I
B
B
E
H
A
C
O
U
N
T
Y
M
a
b
e
n
S
t
a
r
k
v
i
l
l
e
S
t
u
r
g
i
s
W
E
B
S
T
E
R
C
O
U
N
T
Y
E
u
p
o
r
a
M
a
n
t
e
e
M
a
t
h
i
s
t
o
n
W
a
l
t
h
a
l
l
W
I
N
S
T
O
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
L
o
u
i
s
v
i
l
l
e
N
o
x
a
p
a
t
e
r
ComprehensiveLand
UsePlan
*
FloodplainManagement
Plan

OpenSpace
ManagementPlan(or
Parks&Rec/Greenway
Plan)

Stormwater
Management
Plan/Ordinance

NaturalResource
ProtectionPlan

FloodResponsePlan
EmergencyOperations
Plan

FINAL April 2014
7:5
Planning/
RegulatoryTool
M
O
N
R
O
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
b
e
r
d
e
e
n
A
m
o
r
y
G
a
t
t
m
a
n
H
a
t
l
e
y
S
m
i
t
h
v
i
l
l
e
N
O
X
U
B
E
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
r
o
o
k
s
v
i
l
l
e
M
a
c
o
n
S
h
u
q
u
a
l
a
k
O
K
T
I
B
B
E
H
A
C
O
U
N
T
Y
M
a
b
e
n
S
t
a
r
k
v
i
l
l
e
S
t
u
r
g
i
s
W
E
B
S
T
E
R
C
O
U
N
T
Y
E
u
p
o
r
a
M
a
n
t
e
e
M
a
t
h
i
s
t
o
n
W
a
l
t
h
a
l
l
W
I
N
S
T
O
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
L
o
u
i
s
v
i
l
l
e
N
o
x
a
p
a
t
e
r
ContinuityofOperations
Plan

EvacuationPlan
DisasterRecoveryPlan
CapitalImprovements
Plan

EconomicDevelopment
Plan

HistoricPreservation
Plan

FloodDamage
PreventionOrdinance

ZoningOrdinance
UnifiedDevelopment
Ordinance

PostDisaster
Redevelopment
Ordinance

BuildingCode
FireCode
NationalFloodInsurance
Program(NFIP)

NFIPCommunityRating
System

Amoredetaileddiscussionontheregionsplanningandregulatorycapabilityfollows.
7.3.2 Emergency Management
Hazard mitigation is widely recognized as one of the four primary phases of emergency management.
The three other phases include preparedness, response, and recovery. In reality, each phase is
interconnectedwithhazardmitigation,asFigure7.1suggests.Opportunitiestoreducepotentiallosses
throughmitigationpracticesare most oftenimplementedbeforedisasterstrikes,suchas theelevation
of flood prone structures or the continuous enforcement of policies that prevent and regulate
development that is vulnerable to hazards due to its location, design, or other characteristics.
Mitigation opportunities will also be presented during immediate preparedness or response activities,
suchasinstallingstormshuttersinadvanceofahurricane,andcertainlyduringthelongtermrecovery
andredevelopmentprocessfollowingahazardevent.

FINAL April 2014
7:6
FIGURE7.1:THEFOURPHASESOFEMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
Planningforeachphaseisacriticalpartofacomprehensiveemergencymanagementprogramandakey
to the successful implementation of hazard mitigation actions. As a result, the Capability Assessment
Survey asked several questions across a range of emergency management plans in order to assess the
MEMADistrict4Regionswillingnesstoplanandtheirleveloftechnicalplanningproficiency.
HazardMitigationPlan:Ahazardmitigationplanrepresentsacommunitysblueprintforhowitintends
to reduce the impact of natural and humancaused hazards on people and the built environment. The
essential elements of a hazard mitigation plan include a risk assessment, capability assessment, and
mitigationstrategy.
Each of the 10 counties participating in this multijurisdictional plan has previously adopted a
hazard mitigation plan. Each participating municipality was included in its respective countys
plan.
Disaster Recovery Plan: A disaster recovery plan serves to guide the physical, social, environmental,
and economic recovery and reconstruction process following a disaster. In many instances, hazard
mitigationprinciplesandpracticesareincorporatedintolocaldisasterrecoveryplanswiththeintentof
capitalizingonopportunitiestobreakthecycleofrepetitivedisasterlosses.Disasterrecoveryplanscan
alsoleadtothepreparationofdisasterredevelopmentpoliciesandordinancestobeenactedfollowinga
hazardevent.
None of the counties participating in this multijurisdictional plan has adopted a disaster
recovery plan. The counties should consider developing a plan to guide the recovery and
reconstructionprocessfollowingadisaster.
FollowingthedestructionoftheApril2011tornado,theTownofSmithvilledevelopedaLong
TermCommunityRecoveryPlanintendedtobeusedformakingcriticaldecisionsaboutnext
steps,funding,andresourceallocationduringtheimplementationphaseoftherebuilding
process.
EmergencyOperationsPlan:Anemergencyoperationsplanoutlinesresponsibilitiesandthemeansby
whichresourcesaredeployedduringandfollowinganemergencyordisaster.
FINAL April 2014
7:7
Eachofthe10countiesparticipatinginthismultijurisdictionalplanmaintainsacomprehensive
emergency management plan through its respective County Emergency Management Agency.
Eachparticipatingmunicipalityiscoveredbyitsrespectivecountysplan.
ContinuityofOperationsPlan:Acontinuityofoperationsplanestablishesachainofcommand,lineof
succession, and plans for backup or alternate emergency facilities in case of an extreme emergency or
disasterevent.
Noneofthecountiesormunicipalitiesparticipatinginthismultijurisdictionalplanhasadopted
continuityofoperationsplans.
7.3.3 General Planning

The implementation of hazard mitigation activities often involves agencies and individuals beyond the
emergency management profession. Stakeholders may include local planners, public works officials,
economicdevelopmentspecialists,andothers.Inmanyinstances,concurrentlocalplanningeffortswill
help to achieve or complement hazard mitigation goals, even though they are not designed as such.
Therefore, the Capability Assessment Survey also asked questions regarding general planning
capabilitiesandthedegreetowhichhazardmitigationisintegratedintootherongoingplanningefforts
intheMEMADistrict4Region.
ComprehensiveLandUsePlan:Acomprehensivelanduseplanestablishestheoverallvisionforwhata
community wants to be and serves as a guide for future governmental decision making. Typically a
comprehensive plan contains sections on demographic conditions, land use, transportation elements,
and community facilities. Given the broad nature of the plan and its regulatory standing in many
communities, the integration of hazard mitigation measures into the comprehensive plan can enhance
thelikelihoodofachievingriskreductiongoals,objectives,andactions.
Choctaw County adopted a development plan in 1967. This plan also applies to the Town of
Ackerman,theTownofFrenchCamp,andtheTownofWeir.
ClayCountyadoptedacomprehensiveplanin1973.
LowndesCountyadopted acomprehensiveplanin1976.Thisplanalsoappliestothe Townof
Artesia,theTownofCaledonia,andtheTownofCrawford.
OktibbehaCountyiscurrentlyintheprocessofdevelopingacountycomprehensiveplan.
Several of the participating municipalities also adopted comprehensive plans, land use plans,
and community development plans in the 1960s and 1970s, including Calhoun City, Derma,
Vardaman,Okolona,Aberdeen,Amory,Macon,Maben,Eupora,andLouisville.
More recently updated comprehensive plans include those adopted by the City of West Point,
theCityofColumbus,theTownofSmithville,andtheCityofStarkvillein2000,2012,2013,and
2005,respectively.
Capital Improvements Plan: A capital improvements plan guides the scheduling of spending on public
improvements. A capital improvements plan can serve as an important mechanism for guiding future
development away from identified hazard areas. Limiting public spending in hazardous areas is oneof
themosteffectivelongtermmitigationactionsavailabletolocalgovernments.
Oktibbeha County is the only county participating in this multijurisdictional plan that has
adoptedacapitalimprovementsplan.TheCountyAdministrationactivitiesincludeoversightof
FINAL April 2014
7:8
and preparation of the countys capital improvement plan. The Town of Maben and the Town
of Sturgis are also included in this plan. The City of Starkville maintains its own annual capital
improvementplanbudgetthroughtheCityEngineeringandStreetsDivision.
TheCityofColumbusmaintainsacapitalimprovementsprogramsfiveyearrevolvingplanthatis
reviewedonanannualbasisforprioritiesorchanges.
Historic Preservation Plan: A historic preservation plan is intended to preserve historic structures or
districts within a community. An often overlooked aspect of the historic preservation plan is the
assessment of buildings and sites located in areas subject to natural hazards and the identification of
waystoreducefuturedamages.Thismayinvolveretrofittingorrelocationtechniquesthataccountfor
theneedtoprotectbuildingsthatdonotmeetcurrentbuildingstandardsorarewithinahistoricdistrict
thatcannoteasilyberelocatedoutofharmsway.
Noneofthecountiesormunicipalitiesparticipatinginthismultijurisdictionalplanhasahistoric
preservationplan.
Zoning Ordinance: Zoning represents the primary means by which land use is controlled by local
governments.Aspartofacommunityspolicepower,zoningisusedtoprotectthepublichealth,safety,
and welfare of those in a given jurisdiction that maintains zoning authority. A zoning ordinance is the
mechanism through which zoning is typically implemented. Since zoning regulations enable municipal
governmentstolimitthetypeanddensityofdevelopment,azoningordinancecanserveasapowerful
toolwhenappliedinidentifiedhazardareas.
ClayCounty,LowndesCounty,andOktibbehaCountyeachadoptedazoningordinancein1972.
Several of the participating municipalities adopted zoning ordinances in the 1970s, including
Bruce, Calhoun City, Derma, Varadman, Houston, Okolona, Aberdeen, Amory, Macon, Maben,
Eupora,andLouisville.ShuqualakandStarkvilleeachadoptedazoningordinancemorerecently
in2008and2012,respectively.
The City of West Point adopted its zoning ordinance in 2000 as part of the city development
code.
The City of Columbus amended and readopted its zoning ordinance in 1986 and the Office of
CityPlanningandDevelopmentiscurrentlyworkingtorewritetheordinance.
TheTownofSmithvilleadoptedalanddevelopmentordinance,includingazoningordinance,in
2013.
SubdivisionOrdinance:Asubdivisionordinanceisintendedtoregulatethedevelopmentofresidential,
commercial, industrial, or other uses, including associated public infrastructure, as land is subdivided
intobuildablelotsforsaleorfuturedevelopment.Subdivisiondesignthataccountsfornaturalhazards
candramaticallyreducetheexposureoffuturedevelopment.
Clay County and Lowndes County each adopted subdivision regulations in 1976 and 1975,
respectively.
Several of the participating municipalities adopted subdivision regulations in the 1960s and
1970s,includingBruce,CalhounCity,Derma,Varadman,Okolona,Columbus,Aberdeen,Macon,
Maben,Starkville,Eupora,andLouisville.
TheCityofWestPointadoptedsubdivisionregulationsin2000aspartofthecitydevelopment
code.
FINAL April 2014
7:9
The Town of Smithville adopted a land development ordinance, including subdivision
regulations,in2013.
Building Codes, Permitting, andInspections: Building codes regulate construction standards. In many
communities, permits, and inspections are required for new construction. Decisions regarding the
adoption of building codes (that account for hazard risk), the type of permitting process required both
before and after a disaster, and the enforcement of inspection protocols all affect the level of hazard
riskfacedbyacommunity.
Mississippiadoptedthe2006completefamilyofInternationalCodes(ICodes)astheminimum
codesforitsstatewidebuildingcodein2011.Thismeansthatifajurisdictionchoosestoadopt
acodeorupdatetheircurrentcodestheymustbeataminimumoneormoreofthe2006family
of ICodes. Additionally, all state buildings, leased or owned, must meet the requirements set
forthinthe1997StandardBuildingCode.
LowndesCountyandWinstonCountyhaveadoptedbuildingcodes.
The following participating municipalities have also adopted building codes: New Houlka,
Okolona, West Point, Columbus, Aberdeen, Amory, Smithville, Macon, Shuqualak, Starkville,
Mathiston,andLouisville.
Theadoptionandenforcementofbuildingcodesbylocaljurisdictionsisroutinelyassessedthroughthe
Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS) program developed by the Insurance Services
Office, Inc. (ISO).
4
In Mississippi, the Mississippi State Rating Bureau assesses the building codes in
effect in a particular community and how the community enforces its building codes with special
emphasisonmitigationoflossesfromnaturalhazards.TheresultsofBCEGSassessmentsareroutinely
providedtoISOsmemberprivateinsurancecompanies,whichinturnmayofferratingscreditsfornew
buildings constructed in communities with strong BCEGS classifications. The concept is that
communitieswithwellenforced,uptodatecodesshouldexperiencefewerdisasterrelatedlossesand,
asaresult,shouldhavelowerinsurancerates.
Inconductingtheassessment,ISOcollectsinformationrelatedtopersonnelqualificationandcontinuing
educationaswellasthenumberofinspectionsperformedperday.Thistypeofinformationcombined
withlocalbuildingcodesisusedtodetermineagradeforthatjurisdiction.Thegradesrangefrom1to
10 with a BCEGS grade of 1 representing exemplary commitment to building code enforcement and a
gradeof10indicatinglessthanminimumrecognizedprotection.
7.3.4 Floodplain Management
Floodingrepresentsthegreatestnaturalhazardfacingthenation.Atthesametime,thetoolsavailable
toreducetheimpactsassociatedwithfloodingareamongthemostdevelopedwhencomparedtoother
hazardspecific mitigation techniques. In addition to approaches that cut across hazards such as
education, outreach, and the training of local officials, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)
contains specific regulatory measures that enable government officials to determine where and how
growth occurs relative to flood hazards. Participation in the NFIP is voluntary for local governments;
however, program participation is strongly encouraged by FEMA as a first step for implementing and
4
Participation in BCEGS is voluntary and may be declined by local governments if they do not wish to have their local building
codes evaluated.

FINAL April 2014
7:10
sustaining an effective hazard mitigation program. It is therefore used as part of this assessment as a
keyindicatorformeasuringlocalcapability.
In order for a county or municipality to participate in the NFIP, they must adopt a local flood damage
preventionordinancethatrequiresjurisdictionstofollowestablishedminimumbuildingstandardsinthe
floodplain. These standards require that all new buildings and substantial improvements to existing
buildings will be protected from damage by a 100year flood event and that new development in the
floodplainwillnotexacerbateexistingfloodproblemsorincreasedamagetootherproperties.
AkeyserviceprovidedbytheNFIPisthemappingofidentifiedfloodhazardareas.Oncecompleted,the
FloodInsuranceRateMaps(FIRMs)areusedtoassessfloodhazardrisk,regulateconstructionpractices,
and set flood insurance rates. FIRMs are an important source of information to educate residents,
governmentofficials,andtheprivatesectoraboutthelikelihoodoffloodingintheircommunity.
Table 7.2 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in the MEMA
District 4 Region. Each of the jurisdictions that are participating in the development of this plan that
also participate in the NFIP are committed to maintaining and enforcing their floodplain management
ordinancesandregulatingnewdevelopmentinfloodplains.
TABLE7.2:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
CALHOUNCOUNTY 1/30/90 8/19/10 27 $2,254,200 15 $143,495
BigCreek*
Bruce 6/18/87 8/19/10 15 $2,764,800 5 $89,221
CalhounCity 6/16/87 8/19/10 21 $2,974,200 5 $36,805
Derma 9/1/87 8/19/10 1 $96,300 0 $0
Pittsboro 8/5/1985 8/19/10 0 $0 0 $0
SlateSprings*
Vardaman 11/11/94 8/19/10 1 $36,300 0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 9/1/08 1/6/10(M) 3 $495,000 0 $0
Houston 9/4/85 1/6/10(M) 11 $882,600 2 $8,170
NewHoulka 1/6/10 1/6/10(M) 0 $0 0 $0
Okolona 9/4/85 1/6/10(M) 1 $108,800 0 $0
Woodland 1/6/10 (NSFHA) 0 $0 0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 6/25/09 9/28/07 4 $652,000 0 $0
FINAL April 2014
7:11
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
Ackerman 7/3/86 9/28/07 9 $857,900 1 $68,613
FrenchCamp*
Weir*
CLAYCOUNTY 7/16/90 5/3/11 107 $16,216,600 24 $174,198
WestPoint 1/5/78 5/3/11 153 $18,592,700 57 $624,288
LOWNDESCOUNTY 11/15/79 2/18/11 448 $65,418,900 463 $3,121,871
Artesia*
Caledonia*
Columbus 7/13/76 2/18/11 865 $115,321,000 451 $3,147,710
Crawford*
MONROECOUNTY 3/16/88 3/16/88 131 $15,583,000 26 $230,844
Aberdeen 2/1/78 3/16/88 27 $3,550,700 15 $40,534
Amory 4/17/78 3/16/88 182 $25,069,000 43 $376,294
Gattman*
Hatley*
Smithville 3/16/88 3/16/88 2 $370,000 0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 7/1/87 6/2/11 16 $2,881,800 5 $9,441
Brooksville*
Macon 1/1/86 6/2/11(M) 0 $0 3 $6,243
Shuqualak 6/2/11 6/2/11(M) 0 $0 0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 6/19/89 2/17/10 143 $26,376,000 6 $14,233
Maben*
Starkville 2/18/81 2/17/10 307 $39,919,700 13 $45,233
Sturgis*
WEBSTERCOUNTY 9/18/85 1/6/10(M) 3 $241,200 1 $3,631
Eupora 6/17/86 1/6/10(M) 0 $0 22 $104,933
Mantee*
FINAL April 2014
7:12
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
Mathiston 9/29/86 1/6/10(M) 2 $640,000 0 $0
Walthall*
WINSTONCOUNTY 8/19/85 9/17/10 6 $545,000 0 $0
Louisville 6/15/78 9/17/10 35 $3,708,000 10 $161,220
Noxapater*
Includesunincorporatedareasofcountyonly
*CommunitydoesnotparticipateintheNFIP
(M)NoElevationDetermined,AllZoneA,CandX
(NSFHA)NoSpecialFloodHazardAreaAllZoneC
Source:NFIPCommunityStatusinformationasof3/31/13;NFIPclaimsandpolicyinformationasof5/15/13
Community Rating System: An additional indicator of floodplain management capability is the active
participationoflocaljurisdictionsintheCommunityRatingSystem(CRS).TheCRSisanincentivebased
program that encourages counties and municipalities to undertake defined flood mitigation activities
that go beyond the minimum requirements of the NFIP by adding extra local measures to provide
protectionfromflooding.Allofthe18creditableCRSmitigationactivitiesareassignedarangeofpoint
values. As points are accumulated and reach identified thresholds, communities can apply for an
improvedCRSclassrating.Classratings,whichrangefrom10to1,aretiedtofloodinsurancepremium
reductions as shown in Table 7.3. As class rating improves (the lower the number the better), the
percentreductioninfloodinsurancepremiumsforNFIPpolicyholdersinthatcommunityincreases.
TABLE7.3:CRSPREMIUMDISCOUNTS,BYCLASS
CRSClass
Premium
Reduction
1 45%
2 40%
3 35%
4 30%
5 25%
6 20%
7 15%
8 10%
9 5%
10 0
Source:FEMA
CommunityparticipationintheCRSisvoluntary.Anycommunitythatisinfullcompliancewiththerules
and regulations of the NFIP may apply to FEMA for a CRS classification better than class 10. The CRS
application process has been greatly simplified over the past several years based on community
FINAL April 2014
7:13
comments.ChangesweremadewiththeintenttomaketheCRSmoreuserfriendlyandmakeextensive
technicalassistanceavailableforcommunitieswhorequestit.
TheCityofStarkvilleparticipatesintheCRSandhasaClass9rating.ParticipationintheCRS
programshouldbeconsideredasamitigationactionbytheothercountiesandmunicipalities.
TheprogramwouldbemostbeneficialtoClayCounty,theCityofWestPoint,LowndesCounty,
theCityofColumbus,MonroeCounty,theCityofAmory,OktibbehaCounty,andtheCityof
Starkville,whicheachhaveover100NFIPpoliciesinforce.
Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance: A flood damage prevention ordinance establishes minimum
building standards in the floodplain with the intent to minimize public and private losses due to flood
conditions.
AllcommunitiesparticipatingintheNFIParerequiredtoadoptalocalflooddamageprevention
ordinance. All counties and municipalities participating in this hazard mitigation plan, with the
exception of Big Creek, Slate Springs, French Camp, Weir, Artesia, Caledonia, Crawford,
Gattman,Hatley,Brooksville,Maben,Sturgis,Mantee,Walthall,andNoxapater,alsoparticipate
intheNFIPandtheyallhaveadoptedflooddamagepreventionregulations.
Floodplain Management Plan: A floodplain management plan (or a flood mitigation plan) provides a
frameworkforactionregardingcorrectiveandpreventativemeasurestoreducefloodrelatedimpacts.
Noneoftheparticipatingcountiesormunicipalitieshasadoptedafloodplainmanagementplan
tohelppreventdamagesassociatedwithfloodingandfloodloss.
OpenSpaceManagementPlan:Anopenspacemanagementplanisdesignedtopreserve,protect,and
restore largely undeveloped lands in their natural state and to expand or connect areas in the public
domain such as parks, greenways, and other outdoor recreation areas. In many instances, open space
managementpracticesareconsistentwiththegoalsofreducinghazardlosses,suchasthepreservation
ofwetlandsorotherfloodproneareasintheirnaturalstateinperpetuity.
Noneoftheparticipatingcountiesormunicipalitieshasanopenspacemanagementplan.
Stormwater Management Plan: A stormwater management plan is designed to address flooding

associated with stormwater runoff. The stormwater management plan is typically focused on design
andconstructionmeasuresthatareintendedtoreducetheimpactofmorefrequentlyoccurringminor
urbanflooding.
Noneoftheparticipatingcountieshasadoptedastormwatermanagementplanorordinance.
The City of West Point includes standards for stormwater retention in the city development
code.
The City of Columbus includes stormwater quality protection measures in the city code of
ordinances.
TheCityofStarkvillealsoincludesastormwatermanagementordinanceasachapterinitscity
codeofordinances.

FINAL April 2014
7:14
7.3.6 Administrative and Technical Capability
Theabilityofalocalgovernmenttodevelopandimplementmitigationprojects,policies,andprograms
isdirectlytiedtoitsabilitytodirectstafftimeandresourcesforthatpurpose.Administrativecapability
canbeevaluatedbydetermininghowmitigationrelatedactivitiesareassignedtolocaldepartmentsand
if there are adequate personnel resources to complete these activities. The degree of
intergovernmental coordination among departments will also affect administrative capability for the
implementationandsuccessofproposedmitigationactivities.
Technical capability can generally be evaluated by assessing the level of knowledge and technical
expertise of local government employees, such as personnel skilled in using Geographic Information
Systems(GIS)toanalyzeandassesscommunityhazardvulnerability.TheCapabilityAssessmentSurvey
wasusedtocaptureinformationonadministrativeandtechnicalcapabilitythroughtheidentificationof
availablestaffandpersonnelresources.
Table 7.4 provides a summary of the Capability Assessment Survey results for the MEMA District 4
Regionwithregardtorelevantstaffandpersonnelresources.A checkmark()indicates the presence
ofastaffmember(s)inthatjurisdictionwiththespecifiedknowledgeorskill.
TABLE7.4:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
Staff/Personnel
Resource
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
o
u
n
t
y
B
i
g
C
r
e
e
k
B
r
u
c
e
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
i
t
y
D
e
r
m
a
P
i
t
t
s
b
o
r
o
S
l
a
t
e
S
p
r
i
n
g
s
V
a
r
d
a
m
a
n
C
H
I
C
K
A
S
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
H
o
u
s
t
o
n
N
e
w
H
o
u
l
k
a
O
k
o
l
o
n
a
W
o
o
d
l
a
n
d
C
H
O
C
T
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
c
k
e
r
m
a
n
F
r
e
n
c
h
C
a
m
p
W
e
i
r
C
L
A
Y
C
O
U
N
T
Y
W
e
s
t
P
o
i
n
t
L
O
W
N
D
E
S
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
r
t
e
s
i
a
C
a
l
e
d
o
n
i
a
C
o
l
u
m
b
u
s
C
r
a
w
f
o
r
d
Plannerswith
knowledgeofland
development/land
managementpractices

Engineersor
professionalstrainedin
constructionpractices
relatedtobuildings
and/orinfrastructure

Plannersorengineers
withanunderstanding
ofnaturaland/or
humancausedhazards

EmergencyManager
FloodplainManager
FINAL April 2014
7:15
Staff/Personnel
Resource
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
o
u
n
t
y
B
i
g
C
r
e
e
k
B
r
u
c
e
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
i
t
y
D
e
r
m
a
P
i
t
t
s
b
o
r
o
S
l
a
t
e
S
p
r
i
n
g
s
V
a
r
d
a
m
a
n
C
H
I
C
K
A
S
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
H
o
u
s
t
o
n
N
e
w
H
o
u
l
k
a
O
k
o
l
o
n
a
W
o
o
d
l
a
n
d
C
H
O
C
T
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
c
k
e
r
m
a
n
F
r
e
n
c
h
C
a
m
p
W
e
i
r
C
L
A
Y
C
O
U
N
T
Y
W
e
s
t
P
o
i
n
t
L
O
W
N
D
E
S
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
r
t
e
s
i
a
C
a
l
e
d
o
n
i
a
C
o
l
u
m
b
u
s
C
r
a
w
f
o
r
d
LandSurveyors
Scientistsfamiliarwith
thehazardsofthe
community

Staffwitheducationor
expertisetoassessthe
communitys
vulnerabilitytohazards

PersonnelskilledinGIS
and/orHAZUS

Resourcedevelopment
stafforgrantwriters

TABLE7.4:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES(CONT.)
Staff/Personnel
Resource
M
O
N
R
O
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
b
e
r
d
e
e
n
A
m
o
r
y
G
a
t
t
m
a
n
H
a
t
l
e
y
S
m
i
t
h
v
i
l
l
e
N
O
X
U
B
E
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
r
o
o
k
s
v
i
l
l
e
M
a
c
o
n
S
h
u
q
u
a
l
a
k
O
K
T
I
B
B
E
H
A
C
O
U
N
T
Y
M
a
b
e
n
S
t
a
r
k
v
i
l
l
e
S
t
u
r
g
i
s
W
E
B
S
T
E
R
C
O
U
N
T
Y
E
u
p
o
r
a
M
a
n
t
e
e
M
a
t
h
i
s
t
o
n
W
a
l
t
h
a
l
l
W
I
N
S
T
O
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
L
o
u
i
s
v
i
l
l
e
N
o
x
a
p
a
t
e
r
Plannerswith
knowledgeofland
development/land
managementpractices

Engineersor
professionalstrainedin
constructionpractices
relatedtobuildings
and/orinfrastructure

Plannersorengineers
withanunderstanding
ofnaturaland/or
humancausedhazards

FINAL April 2014
7:16
Staff/Personnel
Resource
M
O
N
R
O
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
b
e
r
d
e
e
n
A
m
o
r
y
G
a
t
t
m
a
n
H
a
t
l
e
y
S
m
i
t
h
v
i
l
l
e
N
O
X
U
B
E
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
r
o
o
k
s
v
i
l
l
e
M
a
c
o
n
S
h
u
q
u
a
l
a
k
O
K
T
I
B
B
E
H
A
C
O
U
N
T
Y
M
a
b
e
n
S
t
a
r
k
v
i
l
l
e
S
t
u
r
g
i
s
W
E
B
S
T
E
R
C
O
U
N
T
Y
E
u
p
o
r
a
M
a
n
t
e
e
M
a
t
h
i
s
t
o
n
W
a
l
t
h
a
l
l
W
I
N
S
T
O
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
L
o
u
i
s
v
i
l
l
e
N
o
x
a
p
a
t
e
r
EmergencyManager
FloodplainManager
LandSurveyors
Scientistsfamiliarwith
thehazardsofthe
community

Staffwitheducationor
expertisetoassessthe
communitys
vulnerabilitytohazards

PersonnelskilledinGIS
and/orHAZUS

Resourcedevelopment
stafforgrantwriters

Credit for having a floodplain manager was given to those jurisdictions that have a flood damage
prevention ordinance, and therefore an appointed floodplain administrator, regardless of whether the
appointee was dedicated solely to floodplain management. Credit was given for having a scientist
familiar with the hazards of the community if a jurisdiction has a Cooperative Extension Service or Soil
andWaterConservationDepartment.Creditwasalsogivenforhavingstaffwitheducationorexpertise
to assess the communitys vulnerability to hazards if a staff member from the jurisdiction was a
participantontheexistinghazardmitigationplansplanningcommittee.
7.3.7 Fiscal Capability
The ability of a local government to take action is often closely associated with the amount of money
availabletoimplementpoliciesandprojects.Thismaytaketheformofoutsidegrantfundingawardsor
locallybased revenue and financing. The costs associated with mitigation policy and project
implementation vary widely. In some cases, policies are tied primarily to staff time or administrative
costs associated with the creation and monitoring of a given program. In other cases, direct expenses
are linked to an actual project, such as the acquisition of floodprone homes, which can require a
substantialcommitmentfromlocal,state,andfederalfundingsources.
The Capability Assessment Survey was used to capture information on the regions fiscal capability
throughtheidentificationoflocallyavailablefinancialresources.

FINAL April 2014
7:17
Table 7.5 provides a summary of the results for the MEMA District 4 Region with regard to relevant
fiscal resources. A checkmark () indicates that the given fiscal resource is locally available for hazard
mitigation purposes (including match funds for state and federal mitigation grant funds) according to
thepreviouscountyhazardmitigationplans.
TABLE7.5:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
FiscalTool/
Resource
C
A
L
H
O
U
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
i
g
C
r
e
e
k
B
r
u
c
e
C
a
l
h
o
u
n
C
i
t
y
D
e
r
m
a
P
i
t
t
s
b
o
r
o
S
l
a
t
e
S
p
r
i
n
g
s
V
a
r
d
a
m
a
n
C
H
I
C
K
A
S
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
H
o
u
s
t
o
n
N
e
w
H
o
u
l
k
a
O
k
o
l
o
n
a
W
o
o
d
l
a
n
d
C
H
O
C
T
A
W
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
c
k
e
r
m
a
n
F
r
e
n
c
h
C
a
m
p
W
e
i
r
C
L
A
Y
C
O
U
N
T
Y
W
e
s
t
P
o
i
n
t
L
O
W
N
D
E
S
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
r
t
e
s
i
a
C
a
l
e
d
o
n
i
a
C
o
l
u
m
b
u
s
C
r
a
w
f
o
r
d
CapitalImprovement
Programming

Community
DevelopmentBlock
Grants(CDBG)

SpecialPurposeTaxes
(ortaxingdistricts)

Gas/ElectricUtilityFees
Water/SewerFees
StormwaterUtilityFees
DevelopmentImpact
Fees

GeneralObligation,
Revenue,and/orSpecial
TaxBonds

Partnering
Arrangementsor
Intergovernmental
Agreements

TABLE7.5:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES(CONT.)
FiscalTool/
Resource
M
O
N
R
O
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
b
e
r
d
e
e
n
A
m
o
r
y
G
a
t
t
m
a
n
H
a
t
l
e
y
S
m
i
t
h
v
i
l
l
e
N
O
X
U
B
E
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
r
o
o
k
s
v
i
l
l
e
M
a
c
o
n
S
h
u
q
u
a
l
a
k
O
K
T
I
B
B
E
H
A
C
O
U
N
T
Y
M
a
b
e
n
S
t
a
r
k
v
i
l
l
e
S
t
u
r
g
i
s
W
E
B
S
T
E
R
C
O
U
N
T
Y
E
u
p
o
r
a
M
a
n
t
e
e
M
a
t
h
i
s
t
o
n
W
a
l
t
h
a
l
l
W
I
N
S
T
O
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
L
o
u
i
s
v
i
l
l
e
N
o
x
a
p
a
t
e
r
CapitalImprovement
Programming

FINAL April 2014
7:18
FiscalTool/
Resource
M
O
N
R
O
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
A
b
e
r
d
e
e
n
A
m
o
r
y
G
a
t
t
m
a
n
H
a
t
l
e
y
S
m
i
t
h
v
i
l
l
e
N
O
X
U
B
E
E
C
O
U
N
T
Y
B
r
o
o
k
s
v
i
l
l
e
M
a
c
o
n
S
h
u
q
u
a
l
a
k
O
K
T
I
B
B
E
H
A
C
O
U
N
T
Y
M
a
b
e
n
S
t
a
r
k
v
i
l
l
e
S
t
u
r
g
i
s
W
E
B
S
T
E
R
C
O
U
N
T
Y
E
u
p
o
r
a
M
a
n
t
e
e
M
a
t
h
i
s
t
o
n
W
a
l
t
h
a
l
l
W
I
N
S
T
O
N
C
O
U
N
T
Y
L
o
u
i
s
v
i
l
l
e
N
o
x
a
p
a
t
e
r
Community
DevelopmentBlock
Grants(CDBG)

SpecialPurposeTaxes
(ortaxingdistricts)

Gas/ElectricUtilityFees
Water/SewerFees
StormwaterUtilityFees
DevelopmentImpact
Fees

GeneralObligation,
Revenue,and/orSpecial
TaxBonds

Partnering
Arrangementsor
Intergovernmental
Agreements

7.3.8 Political Capability
One of the most difficult capabilities to evaluate involves the political will of a jurisdiction to enact
meaningful policies and projects designed to reduce the impact of future hazard events. Hazard
mitigationmaynotbealocalpriorityormayconflictwithorbeseenasanimpedimenttoothergoalsof
thecommunity,suchasgrowthandeconomicdevelopment.Therefore,thelocalpoliticalclimatemust
be considered in designing mitigation strategies as it could be the most difficult hurdle to overcome in
accomplishingtheiradoptionandimplementation.
TheCapabilityAssessmentSurveywasusedtocaptureinformationonpoliticalcapabilityoftheMEMA
District4Region.Previouscountylevelhazardmitigationplanswerereviewedforgeneralexamplesof
local political capability, such as guiding development away from identified hazard areas, restricting
public investments or capital improvements within hazard areas, or enforcing local development
standards that go beyond minimum state or federal requirements (i.e., building codes, floodplain
management,etc.).
Thepreviouscountyhazardmitigationplansidentifiedexistingordinances thataddressnatural
hazards or are related to hazard mitigation, such as emergency management, comprehensive
zoning,subdivisionregulations,comprehensivelanduseplans,andfloodzoneordinances.
FINAL April 2014
7:19
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in the region is more
likelytoshiftinsupportofhazardmitigationefforts.
7.4 CONCLUSIONS ON LOCAL CAPABILITY
In order to form meaningful conclusions on the assessment of local capability, a quantitative scoring
methodology was designed and applied to results of the Capability Assessment Survey. This
methodology, further described in Appendix B, attempts to assess the overall level of capability of the
MEMADistrict4Regiontoimplementhazardmitigationactions.
The overall capability to implement hazard mitigation actions varies among the participating
jurisdictions. For planning and regulatory capability, the jurisdictions are in the limited or moderate
range. The administrative and technical capabilities vary widely among the jurisdictions with larger
jurisdictions generally having greater staff and technical resources. The majority of jurisdictions are in
thelimitedrangeforfiscalcapability.
Table7.6showstheresultsofthecapabilityassessmentusingthedesignedscoringmethodology.The
capabilityscoreisbasedsolelyontheinformationfoundinexistinghazardmitigationplansandreadily
available on the jurisdictions government websites. According to the assessment, the average local
capabilityscoreforallrespondingjurisdictionsis19.3,whichfallsintothelimitedcapabilityranking.
TABLE7.6:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
CALHOUNCOUNTY 20 Moderate
BigCreek 9 Limited
Bruce 18 Limited
CalhounCity 21 Moderate
Derma 21 Moderate
Pittsboro 16 Limited
SlateSprings 9 Limited
Vardaman 21 Moderate
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 21 Moderate
Houston 18 Limited
NewHoulka 15 Limited
Okolona 23 Moderate
Woodland 15 Limited
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 23 Moderate
FINAL April 2014
7:20
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
Ackerman 18 Limited
FrenchCamp 11 Limited
Weir 9 Limited
CLAYCOUNTY 26 Moderate
WestPoint 30 Moderate
LOWNDESCOUNTY 33 Moderate
Artesia 13 Limited
Caledonia 13 Limited
Columbus 36 Moderate
Crawford 14 Limited
MONROECOUNTY 23 Moderate
Aberdeen 28 Moderate
Amory 31 Moderate
Gattman 12 Limited
Hatley 12 Limited
Smithville 30 Moderate
NOXUBEECOUNTY 20 Moderate
Brooksville 9 Limited
Macon 24 Moderate
Shuqualak 21 Moderate
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 25 Moderate
Maben 17 Limited
Starkville 38 Moderate
Sturgis 12 Limited
WEBSTERCOUNTY 20 Moderate
Eupora 21 Moderate
Mantee 8 Limited
FINAL April 2014
7:21
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
Mathiston 17 Limited
Walthall 8 Limited
WINSTONCOUNTY 23 Moderate
Louisville 27 Moderate
Noxapater 10 Limited
As previously discussed, one of the reasons for conducting a Capability Assessment is to examine local
capabilities to detect any existing gaps or weaknesses within ongoing government activities that could
hinder proposed mitigation activities and possibly exacerbate community hazard vulnerability. These
gaps or weaknesses have been identified for each jurisdiction in the tables found throughout this
section. The participating jurisdictions used the Capability Assessment as part of the basis for the
MitigationActionsthatareidentifiedinSection9;therefore,eachjurisdictionaddressestheirabilityto
expandonandimprovetheirexistingcapabilitiesthroughtheidentificationoftheirMitigationActions.
7.4.1 Linking the Capability Assessment with the Risk Assessment and
the Mitigation Strategy
The conclusions of the Risk Assessment and Capability Assessment serve as the foundation for the
development of a meaningful hazard mitigation strategy. During the process of identifying specific
mitigation actions to pursue, the RHMC considered not only each jurisdictions level of hazard risk, but
alsotheirexistingcapabilitytominimizeoreliminatethatrisk.
SECTION 8
MITIGATION STRATEGY
FINAL DRAFT January 2014
8:1
ThissectionofthePlanprovidestheblueprintfortheparticipatingjurisdictionsintheMEMADistrict4
Region to follow in order to become less vulnerable to its identified hazards. It is based on general
consensus of the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council (RHMC) and the findings and conclusions of the
CapabilityAssessmentandRiskAssessment.Itconsistsofthefollowingfivesubsections:
8.1Introduction
8.2MitigationGoals
8.3IdentificationandAnalysisofMitigationTechniques
8.4SelectionofMitigationTechniquesfortheMEMADistrict4Region
8.5PlanUpdateRequirement
8.1 INTRODUCTION
TheintentoftheMitigationStrategyistoprovidethecommunitiesintheMEMADistrict4Regionwith
the goals that will serve as guiding principles for future mitigation policy and project administration,
along with an analysis of mitigation techniques deemed available to meet those goals and reduce the
impactofidentifiedhazards.Itisdesignedtobecomprehensive,strategic,andfunctionalinnature:
In being comprehensive, the development of the strategy includes a thorough review of all
hazards and identifies extensive mitigation measures intended to not only reduce the future
impacts of high risk hazards, but also to help the region achieve compatible economic,
environmental,andsocialgoals.
In being strategic, the development of the strategy ensures that all policies and projects
proposedforimplementationareconsistentwithpreidentified,longtermplanninggoals.
In being functional, each proposed mitigation action is linked to established priorities and
assignedtospecificdepartmentsorindividualsresponsiblefortheirimplementationwithtarget
completiondeadlines.Whennecessary,fundingsourcesareidentifiedthatcanbeusedtoassist
inprojectimplementation.
The first step in designing the Mitigation Strategy includes the identification of mitigation goals.
Mitigation goals represent broad statements that are achieved through the implementation of more
specificmitigationactions.Theseactionsincludebothhazardmitigationpolicies(suchastheregulation
of land in known hazard areas through a local ordinance) and hazard mitigation projects that seek to
address specifically targeted hazard risks (such as the acquisition and relocation of a repetitive loss
structure).
Thesecondstepinvolvestheidentification,consideration,andanalysisofavailablemitigationmeasures
to help achieve the identified mitigation goals. This is a longterm, continuous process sustained
through the developmentandmaintenanceofthisPlan.Alternativemitigationmeasures willcontinue
SECTION 8: MITIGATION STRATEGY
8:2
to be considered as future mitigation opportunities are identified, as data and technology improve, as
mitigationfundingbecomesavailable,andasthisPlanismaintainedovertime.
ThethirdandlaststepindesigningtheMitigationStrategyistheselectionandprioritizationofspecific
mitigationactionsforthecommunitiesintheMEMADistrict4Region(providedseparatelyinSection9:
Mitigation Action Plan). Each county and participating jurisdiction has its own Mitigation Action Plan
(MAP) that reflects the needs and concerns of that jurisdiction. The MAP represents an unambiguous
and functional plan for action and is considered to be the most essential outcome of the mitigation
planningprocess.
The MAP includes a prioritized listing of proposed hazard mitigation actions (policies and projects) for
theMEMADistrict4countiesandjurisdictionstocomplete.Eachactionhasaccompanyinginformation,
such as those departments or individuals assigned responsibility for implementation, potential funding
sources, and an estimated target date for completion. The MAP provides those departments or
individualsresponsibleforimplementingmitigationactionswithaclearroadmapthatalsoservesasan
importanttoolformonitoringsuccessorprogressovertime.Thecohesivecollectionofactionslistedin
theMAPcanalsoserveasaneasilyunderstoodmenuofmitigationpoliciesandprojectsforthoselocal
decisionmakerswhowanttoquicklyreviewtherecommendationsandproposedactionsoftheRegional
HazardMitigationPlan.
InpreparingeachMitigationActionPlanfortheMEMADistrict4Region,officialsconsideredtheoverall
hazardriskandcapabilitytomitigatetheeffectsofhazardsasrecordedthroughtheriskandcapability
assessment process, in addition to meeting the adopted mitigation goals and unique needs of the
community.
8.1.1 Mitigation Action Prioritization
In the previous versions of MEMA District 4 county plans, not all actions were prioritized. In addition,
thereneededtobeconsistencyamongthecountiesandjurisdictionregardinghowtheyprioritizedtheir
actions.Therefore,forthe2013MEMADistrict4Regionalplan,theRHMCmembersweretaskedwith
establishing a priority for each action. Prioritization of the proposed mitigation actions was based on
thefollowingsixfactors:
Effectonoverallrisktolifeandproperty
Easeofimplementation
Politicalandcommunitysupport
Ageneraleconomiccost/benefitreview
1
Fundingavailability
ContinuedcompliancewiththeNFIP

1
Only a general economic cost/benefit review was considered by the RHMC through the process of selecting and prioritizing
mitigation actions. Mitigation actions with high priority were determined to be the most cost effective and most compatible
with the participating jurisdictions unique needs. A more detailed cost/benefit analysis will be applied to particular projects
prior to the application for or obligation of funding, as appropriate.

8:3
The point of contact for each county helped coordinate the prioritization process by reviewing each
actionandworkingwiththeleadagency/departmentresponsibletodetermineapriorityforeachaction
usingthesixfactorslistedabove.
Using these criteria, actions were classified as high, moderate, or low priority by the participating
jurisdictionofficials.
8.2 MITIGATION GOALS
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(3)(i):Themitigationstrategyshallincludeadescriptionofmitigationgoalstoreduceor
avoidlongtermvulnerabilitiestotheidentifiedhazards.
The primary goal of all local governments is to promote the public health, safety, and welfare of its
citizens.Inkeepingwiththisstandard,theMEMADistrict4countiesandtheparticipatingmunicipalities
havedevelopedsevengoalstatementsforlocalhazardmitigationplanningintheregion.Indeveloping
these goals, the previous ten county hazard mitigation plans were reviewed to determine areas of
consistency. The project consultant reviewed the goals from each of the ten existing plans that were
combinedtoformthisregionalplan.Manyofthegoalsweresimilarand,therefore,regionalgoalswere
formulatedbasedoncommonalitiesfoundbetweenthegoalsineachplan.Table8.1providesalisting
ofalloftheexistingmitigationgoalsfromthetenplansthatarebeingcombined.
Asaresultofreviewingtheexistinggoals,sevenproposedregionalgoalswerepresentedtotheHazard
MitigationCouncilfortheirconsideration.Theproposedgoalswerereviewed,votedon,andaccepted
bytheHMCattheirsecondmeeting.Thisprocessofcombininggoalsfromthepreviousplansservedto
highlight the planning process that had occurred in each county prior to joining this regional planning
effort. Each goal, purposefully broad in nature, serves to establish parameters that were used in
developing more mitigation actions. The MEMA District 4 Regional Mitigation Goals are presented in
Table 8.2. Consistent implementation of actions over time will ensure that community goals are
achieved.

TABLE8.1:EXISTINGMITIGATIONGOALS
FormerPlanReference
ProposedGoal
Calhoun
County
Chickasaw
County
Choctaw
County
Clay
County
Lowndes
County
Engagetheentireregioninthe
development,implementation,and
maintenanceofahazardmitigationplan,
includingthepartneringofbothprivateand
publicentitiestocreatedisasterresistant
communities.
Goal1 Goal1 Goal1
Havethecapabilitytodevelop,implement,
andmaintainaneffectivemitigationplan.
Goal2 Goal2 Goal2
Understandthehazardsthreateninglocal
areasandthetechniquestominimize
vulnerabilitytothosehazards.
Goal3 Goal3 Goal3
8:4
FormerPlanReference
ProposedGoal
Calhoun
County
Chickasaw
County
Choctaw
County
Clay
County
Lowndes
County
Identifyrepetitivelosspropertiesinitslocal
areasandtheactionsneededtominimize
itsvulnerabilitytohazards.
Goal4 Goal4 Goal4
Identifythelocationofcriticalfacilitiesinits
localareasandtheactionsneededto
minimizeitsvulnerabilitytohazards.
Goal5 Goal5 Goal5
Protecthealth,safety,andwelfareof
residentsandvisitors.
Goal6 Goal6 Goal6
Protectexistingbuildingsandinfrastructure
fromnaturalhazards,andidentifyand
implementpreventativemeasuresforfuture
buildingsandinfrastructure.
Goal7 Goal7 Goal7
Identifystrategiestoreducedeathsand
injuries.
Goal1 Goal1
Identifystrategiestoreducedamageand
lossofpropertyandinfrastructure.
Goal1 Goal1
Identifystrategiestoreduceeconomic
losses,includingresponseandrecovery
costsanddisruptionofeconomicactivity.
Goal1 Goal1
Generatechangesinpublicattitudeabout
naturalhazardsthroughpublicawareness
andeducation.
Goal2 Goal2
Reducethedestructionofnatural,
historical,andculturalresources.
Goal3 Goal3
Fostercooperationamongthepublicand
privatesectorstopromoteeffectivehazard
mitigationplanning.
Goal4 Goal4
TABLE8.1:EXISTINGMITIGATIONGOALS(CONT.)
FormerPlanReference
ProposedGoal
Monroe
County
Noxubee
County
Oktibbeha
County
Webster
County
Winston
County
Engagetheentireregioninthe
development,implementation,and
maintenanceofahazardmitigationplan,
includingthepartneringofbothprivateand
publicentitiestocreatedisasterresistant
communities.
Goal1 Goal1 Goal1 Goal1
Havethecapabilitytodevelop,implement,
andmaintainaneffectivemitigationplan.
Understandthehazardsthreateninglocal
areasandthetechniquestominimize
vulnerabilitytothosehazards.
Identifyrepetitivelosspropertiesinitslocal
areasandtheactionsneededtominimize
itsvulnerabilitytohazards.
8:5
FormerPlanReference
ProposedGoal
Monroe
County
Noxubee
County
Oktibbeha
County
Webster
County
Winston
County
Identifythelocationofcriticalfacilitiesinits
localareasandtheactionsneededto
minimizeitsvulnerabilitytohazards.
Protecthealth,safety,andwelfareof
residentsandvisitors.
Protectexistingbuildingsandinfrastructure
fromnaturalhazards,andidentifyand
implementpreventativemeasuresforfuture
Identifystrategiestoreducedeathsand
injuries.
Goal1
Identifystrategiestoreducedamageand
lossofpropertyandinfrastructure.
Goal1
Identifystrategiestoreduceeconomic
losses,includingresponseandrecovery
costsanddisruptionofeconomicactivity.
Goal1
Generatechangesinpublicattitudeabout
naturalhazardsthroughpublicawareness
andeducation.
Goal2
Reducethedestructionof natural,
historical,andculturalresources.
Goal3
Fostercooperationamongthepublicand
privatesectorstopromoteeffectivehazard
mitigationplanning.
Goal4

TABLE8.2:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#1 Protectthehealth,safety,andwelfareofresidentsandvisitors.
Goal#2 Protectexistingandfuturebuildings,criticalfacilities,andinfrastructure.
Goal#3 Preventthedestructionofnatural,historical,andculturalresources.
Goal#4
Reduceeconomiclosses,includingresponseandrecoverycostsanddisruptionofeconomic
activity.
Goal#5
Understandthehazardsthatthreatentheregionandthetechniquestominimizevulnerability
tothosehazards.
Goal#6
Fostercooperationamongthepublicandprivatesectorstopromoteeffectivehazardmitigation
planningandcreatedisasterresistantcommunities.
Goal#7 Increasepublicawarenessofhazardmitigationandhazardrisk.

8:6
8.3 IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF MITIGATION TECHNIQUES

44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(3)(ii): Themitigationstrategyshallincludeasectionthatidentifiesandanalyzesa
comprehensiverangeofspecificmitigationactionsandprojectsbeingconsideredtoreducetheeffectofeach
hazard,withparticularemphasisonnewandexistingbuildingsandinfrastructure.
In formulating the Mitigation Strategy for the MEMA District 4 Region, a wide range of activities were
considered in order to help achieve the established mitigation goals, in addition to addressing any
specific hazard concerns. These activities were discussed during the MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard
MitigationPlanningmeetings.Ingeneral,allactivitiesconsideredbytheRHMCcanbeclassifiedunder
oneofthefollowingsix (6)broadcategoriesofmitigationtechniques:Prevention,PropertyProtection,
Natural Resource Protection, Structural Projects, Emergency Services, and Public Awareness and
Education.Thesearediscussedindetailbelow.

8.3.1 Prevention
Preventative activities are intended to keep hazard problems from getting worse, and are typically
administered through government programs or regulatory actions that influence the way land is
developed and buildings are built. They are particularly effective in reducing a communitys future
vulnerability,especiallyinareaswheredevelopmenthasnotoccurredorcapitalimprovementshavenot
beensubstantial.Examplesofpreventativeactivitiesinclude:
Planningandzoning
Buildingcodes
Openspacepreservation
Floodplainregulations
Stormwatermanagementregulations
Drainagesystemmaintenance
Capitalimprovementsprogramming
Riverine/faultzonesetbacks
8.3.2 Property Protection
Propertyprotectionmeasuresinvolvethemodificationofexistingbuildingsandstructurestohelpthem
better withstand the forces of a hazard, or removal of the structures from hazardous locations.
Examplesinclude:
Acquisition
Relocation
Buildingelevation
Criticalfacilitiesprotection
Retrofitting(e.g.,windproofing,floodproofing,seismicdesigntechniques,etc.)
8:7
Saferooms,shutters,shatterresistantglass
Insurance
8.3.3 Natural Resource Protection
Natural resource protection activities reduce the impact of natural hazards by preserving or restoring
naturalareasandtheirprotectivefunctions.Suchareasincludefloodplains,wetlands,steepslopes,and
sand dunes. Parks, recreation, or conservation agencies and organizations often implement these
protectivemeasures.Examplesinclude:
Floodplainprotection
Watershedmanagement
Riparianbuffers
Forestandvegetationmanagement(e.g.,fireresistantlandscaping,fuelbreaks,etc.)
Erosionandsedimentcontrol
Wetlandpreservationandrestoration
Habitatpreservation
Slopestabilization
8.3.4 Structural Projects
Structural mitigation projects are intended to lessen the impact of a hazard by modifying the
environmentalnaturalprogressionofthehazardeventthroughconstruction.Theyareusuallydesigned
byengineersandmanagedormaintainedbypublicworksstaff.Examplesinclude:
Reservoirs
Dams/levees/dikes/floodwalls
Diversions/detention/retention
Channelmodification
Stormsewers

8.3.5 Emergency Services
Althoughnottypicallyconsideredamitigationtechnique,emergencyservicemeasuresdominimize
theimpactofahazardeventonpeopleandproperty.Thesecommonlyareactionstakenimmediately
priorto,during,orinresponsetoahazardevent.Examplesinclude:
Warningsystems
Evacuationplanningandmanagement
Emergencyresponsetrainingandexercises
Sandbaggingforfloodprotection
Installingtemporaryshuttersforwindprotection
8:8
8.3.6 Public Education and Awareness
Publiceducationandawarenessactivitiesareusedtoadviseresidents,electedofficials,business
owners,potentialpropertybuyers,andvisitorsabouthazards,hazardousareas,andmitigation
techniquestheycanusetoprotectthemselvesandtheirproperty.Examplesofmeasurestoeducate
andinformthepublicinclude:
Outreachprojects
Speakerseries/demonstrationevents
Hazardmapinformation
Realestatedisclosure
Librarymaterials
Schoolchildreneducationalprograms
Hazardexpositions

8.4 SELECTION OF MITIGATION TECHNIQUES FOR THE MEMA
DISTRICT 4 REGION
In order to determine the most appropriate mitigation techniques for the communities in the MEMA
District4Region,theRHMCmembersthoroughlyreviewedandconsideredthefindingsoftheCapability
Assessment and Risk Assessment to determine the best activities for their respective communities.
Otherconsiderationsincludedtheeffectofeachmitigationactiononoverallrisktolifeandproperty,its
ease of implementation, its degree of political and community support, its general costeffectiveness,
andfundingavailability(ifnecessary).
8.5 PLAN UPDATE REQUIREMENT
In keeping with FEMA requirements for plan updates, the Mitigation Actions identified in the previous
MEMADistrict4countyplanswereevaluatedtodeterminetheir2013implementationstatus.Updates
ontheimplementationstatusofeachactionareprovided.ThemitigationactionsprovidedinSection9:
Mitigation Action Plan include the mitigation actions from the previous plans as well as any new
mitigationactionsproposedthroughthe2013planningprocess.

SECTION 9
MITIGATION ACTION PLAN
FINAL April 2014
9:1
This section includes the listing of the mitigation actions proposed by the participating jurisdictions in
MEMADistrict4.Itconsistsofthefollowingtwosubsections:
9.1Overview
9.2MitigationActionPlans
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(3)(iii):Themitigationstrategyshallincludeanactionplandescribinghowtheactions
identifiedinparagraph(c)(2)(ii)ofthissectionwillbeprioritized,implemented,andadministeredbythelocal
jurisdiction.
9.1 OVERVIEW
As described in the previous section, the Mitigation Action Plan, or MAP, provides a functional plan of
action for each jurisdiction. It is designed to achieve the mitigation goals established in Section 8:
Mitigation Strategy and will be maintained on a regular basis according to the plan maintenance
proceduresestablishedinSection10:PlanMaintenance.
Each proposed mitigation action has been identified as an effective measure (policy or project) to
reducehazardriskforthecommunitiesintheMEMADistrict4Region.EachactionislistedintheMAP
in conjunction with background information such as hazard(s) addressed, relative priority, and
estimated cost. Other information provided in the MAP includes potential funding sources to
implement the action should funding be required (not all proposed actions are contingent upon
funding). Most importantly, implementation mechanisms are provided for each action, including the
designation of a lead agency or department responsible for carrying the action out as well as a
timeframe for its completion. These implementation mechanisms ensure that the MEMA District 4
RegionalHazardMitigationPlanremainsafunctionaldocumentthatcanbemonitoredforprogressover
time. The proposed actions are not listed in priority order, though each has been assigned a priority
levelofhigh,moderate,orlowasdescribedbelowandinSection8(page8.2).
TheMitigationActionPlanisorganizedbymitigationstrategycategory(Prevention,PropertyProtection,
Natural Resource Protection, Structural Projects, Emergency Services, or Public Education and
Awareness).ThefollowingarethekeyelementsdescribedintheMitigationActionPlan:
Hazard(s)AddressedHazardwhichtheactionaddresses.
RelativePriorityHigh,moderate,orlowpriorityasassignedbythejurisdiction.
FundingSourcesLocal,State,orFederalsourcesoffundsarenotedhere,whereapplicable.
EstimatedCostAnticipatedcostoftheaction.
ResponsiblePartyDepartmentresponsibleforundertakingtheaction.
SECTION 9: MITIGATION ACTION PLAN
FINAL April 2014
9:2
Target Completion DateDate by which the action the action should be completed. More
informationisprovidedwhenpossible.
2013 Action Implementation StatusIndication of completion, progress, deferment, or no
changesincethepreviousplan.Iftheactionisnew,thatwillbenotedhere.
9.2 MITIGATION ACTION PLANS
The mitigation actions proposed by each of the participating jurisdictions are listed in fortyone
individualMAPsonthefollowingpages.Table9.1showsthelocationofeachjurisdictionsMAPwithin
thissectionaswellasthenumberofmitigationactionsproposedbyeachjurisdiction.
TABLE9.1:INDIVIDUALMAPLOCATIONS
Location Page NumberofMitigationActions
CalhounCounty 9:3 9
BigCreek 9:7 9
Bruce 9:10 9
CalhounCity 9:13 9
Derma 9:16 9
Pittsboro 9:19 9
SlateSprings 9:22 9
Vardaman 9:25 9
ChickasawCounty 9:28 9
Houston 9:31 9
NewHoulka 9:34 9
Okolona 9:37 9
Woodland 9:40 9
ChoctawCounty 9:43 18
Ackerman 9:47 18
FrenchCamp 9:51 18
Weir 9:55 18
ClayCounty 9:59 18
WestPoint 9:63 18
LowndesCounty 9:67 18
Artesia 9:70 18
Caledonia 9:73 18
Columbus 9:76 18
Crawford 9:79 18
MonroeCounty 9:82 9
Aberdeen 9:85 9
Amory 9:88 9
Gattman 9:91 9
Hatley 9:94 9
Smithville 9:97 9
NoxubeeCounty 9:100 18
FINAL April 2014
9:3
Location Page NumberofMitigationActions
Brooksville 9:104 18
Macon 9:108 18
Shuqualak 9:112 18
OktibbehaCounty 9:115 14
Maben 9:120 14
Starkville 9:124 14
Sturgis 9:128 14
WebsterCounty 9:132 18
Eupora 9:136 18
Mantee 9:140 18
Mathiston 9:144 18
Walthall 9:148 18
WinstonCounty 9:152 15
Louisville 9:155 15
Noxapater 9:158 15

FINAL April 2014
9:4
Calhoun County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
Primarynaturalhazards
jurisdictionalreviewReview
policies,procedures,facilities,
infrastructure,etc.toseekways
tohelpmitigationnaturalhazards
soastoreducelossesand
negativeimpactsassociatedwith
hazardevents.Reviewexisting
andfuturebuildingsand
infrastructureaswellascurrent
policiesandprocedures.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
ThreeRiversPlanningand
DevelopmentDistrictmobile
operationscenterProcurea
mobileoperationscenterthatwill
enableThreeRiversPlanningand
DevelopmentDistricttohelp
restoreoperationsifanatural
hazardhaltsbusinessesatlocal
governmentaloffices.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
FixedgeneratorpurchaseSeek
topurchasefixedgeneratorsfor
utilizationintheeventofa
naturalhazardevent.Thefixed
generatorswouldbeemployedin
criticalfacilitiesaswellasother
vitalbuildingsandstructuresin
ordertoprovidepowerwhen
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:5
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
Mobilegeneratorpurchase
Seektopurchasemobile
generatorsforutilizationinthe
eventofanaturalhazardevent.
Themobilegeneratorscouldbe
movedfromonesitetoanother
(e.g.,criticalfacilitytocritical
facility)inordertoprovidepower
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
purchaseSeektopurchase
weather/hazardradiosfor
naturalhazardevent(flood,
tornado,earthquake,etc.).The
weather/hazardradioswouldbe
distributedtocitizens,
businesses,andotherentitiesin
ordertoprovidenotificationof
naturalhazardevents.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
Shelter/saferoominitiative
Seektoconstruct/installshelters
andsaferoomsforutilizationin
theeventofanaturalhazard
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
Advancedwarningnotification
systemsSeekto
construct/installadvanced
warningnotificationsystemsfor
utilizationintheeventof
tornadoesandothersevere
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:6
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
Floodcontrol/drainage
improvementsSeekto
implementfloodcontroland
drainageimprovements/
measuresinfloodproneareasso
astoreducelossesandimpacts.
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PublicEducationandAwareness
PEA1
Publiceducationmedia
campaignEncouragelocal
newspapersandmediaoutletsto
runarticlesandinformation
piecesregardingthepotential
dangersofnaturalhazardsand
thepositiveimpactsofvarious
hazardmitigationactions.The
articlesandinformationpieces
willaddressexistingandfuture
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FL=FloodT=TornadoHW=HighWindsWS=SevereWinterStormHA=HailL=LightningEQ=EarthquakeWF=WildfireEH=ExtremeHeat
DR=DroughtLS=LandSubsidenceES=ExpansiveSoilsDF=DamFailure
LocalEMA=LocalEmergencyManagementAgencyThreeRiversPDD=ThreeRiversPlanningandDevelopmentDistrict
FINAL April 2014
9:7
Village of Big Creek Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:8
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:9
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FINAL April 2014
9:10
Town of Bruce Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:11
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:12
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FL=FloodT=TornadoHW=HighWindsWS=SevereWinterStorm HA=HailL=LightningEQ=EarthquakeWF=WildfireEH=ExtremeHeat
FINAL April 2014
9:13
Town of Calhoun City Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:14
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:15
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019 TBD
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FINAL April 2014
9:16
Town of Derma Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:17
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Wenowhave2FM
Operators.
FINAL April 2014
9:18
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FINAL April 2014
9:19
Village of Pittsboro Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:20
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:21
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FINAL April 2014
9:22
Village of Slate Springs Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:23
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
FINAL April 2014
9:24
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FINAL April 2014
9:25
Town of Vardaman Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019
Topurchasethree
completetornado
warningsystemsand
installed.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Complete
FINAL April 2014
9:26
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Needtopurchasetwo
mobile100kw
generators,singleand
3phase
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA)
mitigation
funds,
State,Town
$18,000
each/total
$54,000
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Vardamanwishesto
installatornado
warningsystemnorth
ofTown,EastofTown
andWestofTown.
Allwishtoinstall
emergencypower
supply.
FINAL April 2014
9:27
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
FL=FloodT=TornadoHW=HighWindsWS=SevereWinterStormHA=HailL=LightningEQ=Earthquake WF=WildfireEH=ExtremeHeat
FINAL April 2014
9:28
Chickasaw County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Pending
Lackoffunding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:29
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoing
Asneededand
requested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoing
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoing
PendingFEMA
fundingavailable
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:30
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:31
City of Houston Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
DeferredDueto
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:32
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoingasneeded
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
ImplementedPending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:33
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA 2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
FL=FloodT=TornadoHW=HighWindsWS=SevereWinterStormHA=HailL=LightningEQ=Earthquake WF=WildfireEH=ExtremeHeat
FINAL April 2014
9:34
Town of New Houlka Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferredduetolocal
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:35
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedas
neededorrequested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedpending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:36
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:37
City of Okolona Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferredduetolocal
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:38
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedas
neededand
requested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedpending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:39
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA 2014 Implemented
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:40
Village of Woodland Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferredduetolocal
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:41
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedas
neededand
requested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedpending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:42
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:43
Choctaw County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
ParticipateintheNationalFlood
InsuranceProgram. FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCountycontinues
toparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
ParticipateinHazardMitigation
Committeeactivities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCountycontinues
toparticipatein
hazardmitigation
planningactivitiesas
needed
P3
Participateinpredisaster
mitigationtraininganddisaster
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
$1,500 CountyEMA 1year Ongoing
P4
ChoctawCountyhasfire
contractswithninevolunteerfire
departments.Currentmitigation
offirehazardsincludesregular
thinningandcontrolburning.
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
Encouragepeoplebuildingand
structureinChoctawCountyto
havesoilsamplestestedbefore
buildingonsite.IfYazooClayis
foundinthetestresults,place
goodsoilonbuildingsite.
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
Keeptreelimbstrimmedabove
housesandpowerlines.
S/I High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:44
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
Determinewherethemost
importantfacilitiesareatgreatest
risk.Thisinformationwillbeused
forfuturemitigationprojectsand
mayassistcommunityplanners
withprioritizingstructural
maintenanceofexisting
structures/infrastructurefacilities,
andprovidenecessarymeasures
forfuturestructures/
developments.
EQ,FL High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
CoveredbyChoctawCounty
EmergencyManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
Applyforgrantfundstobuildor
retrofitsheltersinneeded
locations,publicizeinformation
ondesignatedshelters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
Evaluatecurrentstormwarning
systems,andapplyforfundingto
upgradeorreplaceoutdoor
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
Purchasegeneratorsforcritical
facilitiestoprovideuninterrupted
servicefortheresidentsin
absenceofpowerduringhazards.
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
N/A CountyEMA Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:45
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
Adoptandimplementapublic
outreachstrategydesignedto
enhanceandexpandeffortsto
educatecitizensoftherisks
posedbynaturalhazardsandthe
protectivemeasurestheycan
taketoavoidorminimizethose
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
Publiceducationmaterials
regardingwaterconservationand
heatexhaustionwillbemade
availabletothelocalnewspaper,
radiostations,andtelevision
stationsduringperiodofdrought
orextremeheat.
DR High N/A N/A CountyEMA 1year Ongoing
PEA3
Encouragepublictomonitor
winterweatheradvisories
providedbylocalmedia,radio,
andtelevisionstations.
PEA4
Providepublicinformation
throughlocalnewspaper
regardingwinterweatherandice
precautions.
PEA5
regardingextremeheatsafety
measurespertainingto
dehydration,heatexhaustion,
andheatstrokes.
ET High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:46
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
regardingextremecoldsafety
hypothermiaandfrostbite.
FL=FloodDR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/Ice ET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake
ChoctawCountyEMA=CountyEmergencyManagementAgency
FINAL April 2014
9:47
Town of Ackerman Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowncontinues
toparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTownparticipates
inhazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
FINAL April 2014
9:48
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:49
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
orextremeheat.
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
FINAL April 2014
9:50
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
FINAL April 2014
9:51
Town of French Camp Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowndoesnot
participateintheNFIP
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowncontinues
toparticipatein
hazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested.
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
FINAL April 2014
9:52
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:53
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
orextremeheat.
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
FINAL April 2014
9:54
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
FL=FloodDR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/IceET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake
FINAL April 2014
9:55
Town of Weir Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowndoesnot
P2
ParticipationinHazardMitigation
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowncontinues
toparticipatein
hazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested.
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
FINAL April 2014
9:56
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:57
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
orextremeheat.
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
FINAL April 2014
9:58
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
FINAL April 2014
9:59
Clay County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P3
Participateinpredisasterhazard
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
$1,500 CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
P4
ClayCountyhasfirecontracts
witheightvolunteerfire
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
PropertyProtection
PP1
Encouragepeoplebuildingany
structureinClayCountytohave
soilsamplestestedbefore
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PP2
S/I High NA N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:60
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
importantcriticalfacilitiesareat
greatestrisk.Thisinformationwill
beusedforfuturemitigation
projectsandmayassist
communityplannerswith
prioritizingstructural
forfuturestructure/
developments.
FL,EQ High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
CoveredbyClayCounty
ComprehensiveEmergency
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Completed
FINAL April 2014
9:61
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
PEA2
stationsduringperiodsof
droughtorextremeheat.
DR High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
PEA3
PEA4
throughlocalnewspapers
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
ET High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:62
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
CountyEMA=ClayCountyEmergencyManagementAgency
FINAL April 2014
9:63
City of West Point Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PP2
FINAL April 2014
9:64
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuturestructure/
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
CoveredbyClayCounty
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:65
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
FINAL April 2014
9:66
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
FINAL April 2014
9:67
Lowndes County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
$1,500 CountyEMA 1year Implemented
P4
LowndesCountyhasfire
contractswithfivevolunteerfire
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
Encouragepeoplebuildingon
structuresinLowndesCountyto
havesoilsamplestestbefore
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Implemented
PP2
PP3
forexistingstructures
maintenanceaswellasto
implementmeasuresforfuture
developmentofbuildingsand/or
infrastructure.Itwillassist
communityplannerswithfuture
developmentdecisions.
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
CountyBuilding
Department
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:68
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
CoveredbyLowndesCounty
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
Applyforgrantstobuildor
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA
Ongoing Asneeded
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA
Ongoing
Implemented
Applyforfunding
whenavailable
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:69
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
DR High N/A N/A CountyEMA 1year Implemented
PEA3
winterweatheradvisorsprovided
bylocalmedia,radio,and
televisionstations.
S/I High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
PEA4
regardingwinterandice
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6
CountyEMA=LowndesCountyEmergencyManagementAgency
FINAL April 2014
9:70
Town of Artesia Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Donotparticipate
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
5years Deleted
PP2
S/I High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Deleted
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:71
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Boardof
Aldermen,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Applywhenfunding
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:72
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6
FINAL April 2014
9:73
Town of Caledonia Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Deleted
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
5years Deleted
PP2
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:74
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Applywhenfunds
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
CountyEMA, Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:75
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6
FINAL April 2014
9:76
City of Columbus Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,City
Council
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,City
Council
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
Mayor,City
Council
Ongoing
NO
ImplementedbyCity
Fire
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
CityBuilding
Department
5years Implemented
PP2
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
City/Building
Department
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor/City
Council
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Mayor,City
Council,County
EMA
Ongoing
Applywhenfunds
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Mayor,City
Council,County
EMA
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:78
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6
FINAL April 2014
9:79
City of Crawford Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
Ongoing Deleted
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
5years NO
PP2
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:80
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen,
CountyEMA
Ongoing
Applywhenfunding
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:81
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6
FINAL April 2014
9:82
Monroe County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
DeferredNofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:83
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:84
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:85
City of Aberdeen Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:86
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
ImplementedN/A
FINAL April 2014
9:87
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:88
City of Amory Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:89
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:90
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:91
Village of Gattman Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Village
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:92
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Village
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:93
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:94
Town of Hatley Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
FINAL April 2014
9:95
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:96
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:97
Town of Smithville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:98
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:99
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:100
Noxubee County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgramandfollow
mitigationpoliciesrelatedto
floods. FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
NoxubeeCounty
continuesto
andfollowsmitigation
policiesdefinedinthe
flooddamage
preventionordinance.
P2
EMADirectorwillparticipatein
hazardmitigationactivities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheEMADirector
participatesinhazard
mitigationplanning
meetingsas
requested.
P3
NoxubeeCountymaintainsfire
departmentsthroughthe
NoxubeeCountyFireAssociation
andtheCountyBoardof
Supervisors.Mitigationoffire
hazardsincludesworkingwiththe
StateForestryDepartmentand
havingcontrolledburning.
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
structureinNoxubeeCountyto
getsoiltestedtopreventany
shiftingorfuturedamageafter
thestructurehasbeenbuilt.Since
anycohesivesoil(clay)may
expandwhenwet,goodsandysoil
shouldbereplacedand
compactedatthebuildingsite.
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:101
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP2
Informbusinessandhomeowners
tokeeptreelimbstrimmedabove
houseandpowerlines.
PP3
Ascertainthelocationsoffacilities
thatposethegreatestriskof
damagefromearthquake,floodor
otherhazards.Thisinformation
maybeusedtoprioritizing
structuralmaintenanceofexisting
structures/infrastructurefacilities
developments.
FL,EQ High N/A N/A CodesOffice Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
Follow the County Emergency
Management Plan when flooding
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
The County EMA Director will
apply for grant funding and work
with the National Weather
Service in order to train storm
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
Purchase generators for critical
service for the residents in
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
Apply for grant funds to build or
retrofit shelters in needed
locations, publicize information
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
Evaluate current storm warning
upgrade or replace outdoor
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:102
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
strategyprogramtoeducatethe
citizensofriskandimpactof
naturalhazard(s)thatmayoccur
atanytimeonhowtotakeaction
toprotecttheirfamilies,property
andavoidorminimizetherisk
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
Educatethepublicregarding
waterconservationandheat
exhaustion.Thiswillbepublished
inthelocalnewspaperandflyers
willbeplaceatlocalbusinesses
duringprolongedextremelyhot
ordroughtconditions.
ET,DR High N/A N/A CountyEMA 12years Ongoing
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
Throughpublicinformation
systemandpamphlets,the
Countywillencouragethepublic
totakeextraprecautionswhen
extremeheatorcoldconditions
exist.
FINAL April 2014
9:103
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
Makeindividualsawareof
dehydrationandofthesymptoms
relatedtofrostbite,heat
exhaustion,heatstroke,and
hyperthermia.
CountyEMA=NoxubeeCountyLocalEmergencyManagementAgency
FINAL April 2014
9:104
Town of Brooksville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
floods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowndoesnot
yetparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTownwill
participatein
mitigationplanning
meetingsas
requested
P3
andtheCountyBoardof
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shouldbereplacedand
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
9:105
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:106
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
exist.
FINAL April 2014
9:107
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
hyperthermia.
FINAL April 2014
9:108
City of Macon Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
floods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCitycontinuesto
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCitywillcontinue
toparticipatein
hazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested.
P3
andtheCountyBoardof
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shouldbereplacedand
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
9:109
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FollowtheCountyEmergency
ManagementPlanwhenflooding
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
TheCountyEMADirectorwill
applyforgrantfundingandwork
withtheNationalWeather
Serviceinordertotrainstorm
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:110
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
exist.
FINAL April 2014
9:111
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
hyperthermia.
FINAL April 2014
9:112
Town of Shuqualak Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
floods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowncontinues
toparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTownwill
continueto
participateinhazard
mitigationplanning
meetingsas
requested.
P3
andtheCountyBoardof
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shouldbereplacedand
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:113
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
FINAL April 2014
9:114
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
exist.
FINAL April 2014
9:115
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
hyperthermia.
FINAL April 2014
9:116
Oktibbeha County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
Projecttostudypossiblebuilding
codes,inspectors,andcode
enforcementinordertominimize
lossoflifeandpropertydamage
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
Encouragecontractorsand
developerstousethebest
engineeringpracticesfor
constructiontoreduce
vulnerabilitytoearthquakesand
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
developments.
FINAL April 2014
9:117
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
Encourageparticipationfromall
agenciesandjurisdictionsto
participateinthetrainingand
exercisesheldthroughoutthe
year.Thiswillfinetuneand
practicetheOktibbeha
ComprehensiveEmergencyPlan
inordertomoreeffectively
manageemergencysituations.
All High
County
EMA
N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
Aggressivelypursuefunding
mechanismsforanemergency
operationscenterinorderto
providecohesivenessand
successfulinteractiononatimely
basistoservetheneedsduringan
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:118
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
interoperabilityanddatasharing
standardswithallpublicsafety
agencies,governmentagencies,
educationalfacilities,andthe
citizensofOktibbehaCountyand
thesurroundingareasinorderto
meetminimumfederalguidelines
andinsureappropriate
informationdisseminationina
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2
Publiceducationandoutreach
programtopromoteNOAA
weatherradioandOktibbeha
CountyAlertFMProjectto
provideadvancedwarningsand
alertsforimpendingsituations.
All High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:119
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
Promotepublicparticipationin
severestormspottertraining
classesandencouragethepublic
toinformOktibbehaEMAOffice
ofanydamagereportsinatimely
mannerinorderforEMAtowarn
citizensinthepathofan
approachingstorm.
SW High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Ongoing
PEA4
Outreachprogramandpublic
education,especiallyfor
contractorsanddevelopers,to
followtheregulationsofthe
OktibbehaCountyflood
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FL=FloodES=ExpansiveSoilsT=TornadoEQ=EarthquakeSW=SevereWeather
CountyEMA=OktibbehaCountyLocalEmergencyManagementAgency
FINAL April 2014
9:120
Town of Maben Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
developments.
FINAL April 2014
9:121
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
All High
County
EMA
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:122
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2
FINAL April 2014
9:123
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
approachingstorm.
PEA4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:124
City of Starkville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
forfuture
structures/developments.
FINAL April 2014
9:125
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
All High
County
EMA
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:126
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2
FINAL April 2014
9:127
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
approachingstorm.
PEA4
StarkvillePreventionOrdinance
withintheCityofStarkville.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:128
Town of Sturgis Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
forfuture
FINAL April 2014
9:129
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
All High
County
EMA
ES2
ondesignatedshelters.Old
SturgisPresbyterianChurchone
blockoffMainStwithinCity
Limitshasa1888sqftbasement.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
MOHS
$150,000to
$200,000
TownofSturgis
Sixmonthsfrom
funding
Detailsofthisaction
updatedin2013.
Hopetocomplete
actionwithin6
monthsofreceiving
funding.
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:130
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2
FINAL April 2014
9:131
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
approachingstorm.
PEA4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:132
Webster County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WebsterCountyhasfirecontracts
withninevolunteerfire
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
structureinWebsterCountyto
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
9:133
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
CoveredbytheWebsterCounty
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:134
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
FINAL April 2014
9:135
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
DR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsFL=FloodHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/IceET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake
CountyEMA=WebsterCountyEmergencyManagementAgency
FINAL April 2014
9:136
City of Eupora Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
9:137
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuture
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:138
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
DR High N/A N/A CountyEMA 1year
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
ET High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
FINAL April 2014
9:139
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
DR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsFL=FloodHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/Ice ET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake
FINAL April 2014
9:140
Village of Mantee Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
9:141
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuture
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:142
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
FINAL April 2014
9:143
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
FINAL April 2014
9:144
Town of Mathiston Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
9:145
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:146
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
FINAL April 2014
9:147
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
DR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsFL=FloodHU=HurricaneT=Tornado WF=WildfireS/I=Snow/IceET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake
FINAL April 2014
9:148
Village of Walthall Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
FINAL April 2014
9:149
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuture
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:150
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
FINAL April 2014
9:151
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
DR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsFL=FloodHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/Ice ET=ExtremeTemperatures EQ=Earthquake
FINAL April 2014
9:152
Winston County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
Upgradefloodordinanceso
developmentcannothappenin
thefloodzone.
FL High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Deferred
P2
Reviewfuturepoliciesand
regulationstoincorporate
appropriatechangesintohazard
mitigationplan/practices.
All Medium
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P3
policiesrelatetofloods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P4
Enforcefloodplainmanagement
requirements,including
regulatingallandsubstantially
improvedconstructioninSpecial
FloodHazardAreas(SFHAs).
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Deferred
P5
TheEMADirectorparticipatesin
HazardMitigationCommittee
activities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
EQ,FL High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:153
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
Organizeandconducttraining
seminarsforkeycountyandcity
personnelinorderforthemto
becomereliableresourcepersons
duringtornadohazards.All
personnelhaveattendedNIMS
trainingtobetterprepareand
reacttonaturaldisasters.Also
attendstormspottertospot
tornadoesandprovideadvanced
warningandguidancetoreduce
damage.
T High
General
Funds,
MEMA
ES2
facilitiestoprovidefacilitiesto
provideuninterruptedservicefor
theresidentsinabsenceofpower
duringhazards.
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Deleted
ES3
Purchasegeneratorstobeusedin
emergencysituationsatcritical
facilitiesaroundthecounty.
All Medium
General
Funds,
County,EM,
HS
$100,000 CountyEMA 2years Ongoing
ES4
Developmutualaidagreements
withlocalprivatecompaniesand
associationstoassistinpost
disasterefforts.
All High N/A N/A CountyEMA 1year Deferred
ES5
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES6
warningsystems.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:154
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES7
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Deleted
ES8
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
DR=TornadoEQ=EarthquakeFL=Flood
CountyEMA=WinstonCountyEmergencyManagementAgency
FINAL April 2014
9:155
City of Louisville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
thefloodzone.
FL High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
P2
All Medium
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CityAldermen
Ongoing Inprocess
P3
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P5
activities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
FINAL April 2014
9:156
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
damage.
T High
General
Funds,
MEMA
ES2
duringhazards.
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
All Medium
General
Funds,
County,EM,
HS
ES4
disasterefforts.
All High N/A N/A CountyEMA 1year Ongoing
ES5
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES6
warningsystems.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
FINAL April 2014
9:157
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES7
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Deleted
ES8
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
FINAL April 2014
9:158
City of Noxapater Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
thefloodzone.
P2
All Medium
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
TownAldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Deferred
P4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Deferred
P5
activities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
FINAL April 2014
9:159
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
damage.
T High
General
Funds,
MEMA
$20,000 CountyEMA 1year Deferred
ES2
duringhazards.
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
All Medium
General
Funds,
County,EM,
HS
$100,000 CountyEMA 2years Implemented
ES4
disasterefforts.
ES5
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES6
warningsystems.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
FINAL April 2014
9:160
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES7
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Deleted
ES8
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
SECTION 10
PLAN MAINTENANCE
FINAL April 2014
10:1
This section discusses how the MEMA District 4 Mitigation Strategy and Mitigation Action Plan will be
implemented and how the Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan will be evaluated and enhanced over time.
Thissection alsodiscusseshowthe publicwillcontinue tobeinvolvedinasustainedhazardmitigation
planningprocess.Itconsistsofthefollowingthreesubsections:
10.1ImplementationandIntegration
10.2Monitoring,Evaluation,andEnhancement
10.3ContinuedPublicInvolvement

44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(4)(i):
Theplanshallincludeaplanmaintenanceprocessthatincludesasectiondescribingthemethodandscheduleof
monitoring,evaluatingandupdatingthemitigationplanwithinafiveyearcycle.
44CFRPart201.6(c)(4)(ii):
Theplanmaintenanceprocessshallincludeaprocessbywhichlocalgovernmentsincorporatetherequirements
ofthemitigationplanintootherplanningmechanismssuchascomprehensiveorcapitalimprovementplans,
whenappropriate
10.1 IMPLEMENTATION AND INTEGRATION
Each agency, department, or other partner participating under the MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard
Mitigation Plan is responsible for implementing specific mitigation actions as prescribed in the
Mitigation Action Plan. Every proposed action listed in the Mitigation Action Plan is assigned to a
specific lead agency or department in order to assign responsibility and accountability and increase
thelikelihoodofsubsequentimplementation.
Inadditiontotheassignmentofalocalleaddepartmentoragency,animplementationtimeperiodora
specific implementation date has been assigned in order to assess whether actions are being
implementedinatimelyfashion.ThecountiesintheMEMADistrict4Regionwillseekoutsidefunding
sources to implement mitigation projects in both the predisaster and postdisaster environments.
When applicable, potential funding sources have been identified for proposed actions listed in the
MitigationActionPlan.
The participating jurisdictions will integrate this Hazard Mitigation Plan into relevant city and county
government decisionmaking processes or mechanisms, where feasible. This includes integrating the
requirements of the Hazard Mitigation Plan into other local planning documents, processes, or
mechanisms,suchascomprehensiveorcapitalimprovementplans,whenappropriate.Themembersof
theMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationCouncil(RHMC)willremainchargedwithensuringthat
the goals and mitigation actions of new and updated local planning documents for their agencies or

SECTION 10: PLAN MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

FINAL April 2014
10:2
departmentsareconsistent,ordonotconflictwith,thegoalsandactionsoftheHazardMitigationPlan,
andwillnotcontributetoincreasedhazardvulnerabilityintheMEMADistrict4Region.
Since the previous Countylevel plans were adopted, each County and participating jurisdiction has
worked to integrate the hazard mitigation plan into other planning mechanisms where
applicable/feasible. Examples of how this integration has occurred have been documented in the
Implementation Status discussion provided for each of the mitigation actions found in Section 9.
Specificexamplesofhowintegrationhasoccurredinclude:
Integrating the mitigation plan into reviews and updates of floodplain management
ordinances;
Integrating the mitigation plan into reviews and updates of County emergency operations
plans;
Integratingthemitigationplanintoreviewandupdatesofbuildingcodes;and
Integrating the mitigation plan into the capital improvements plan through identification of
mitigationactionsthatrequirelocalfunding
Opportunities to further integrate the requirements of this Plan into other local planning mechanisms
shall continue to be identified through future meetings of the RHMC, individual county meetings, and
the annual review process described herein. Although it is recognized that there are many possible
benefitstointegratingcomponentsofthisPlanintootherlocalplanningmechanisms,thedevelopment
andmaintenanceofthisstandaloneRegionalHazardMitigationPlanisdeemedbytheMEMADistrict4
RHMCtobethemosteffectiveandappropriatemethodtoimplementlocalhazardmitigationactionsat
thistime.
10.2 MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND ENHANCEMENT
PeriodicrevisionsandupdatesoftheHazardMitigationPlanarerequiredtoensurethatthegoalsofthe
Plan are kept current, taking into account potential changes in hazard vulnerability and mitigation
priorities. In addition, revisions may be necessary to ensure that the Plan is in full compliance with
applicable federal and state regulations. Periodic evaluation of the Plan will also ensure that specific
mitigationactionsarebeingreviewedandcarriedoutaccordingtotheMitigationActionPlan.
Whendeterminednecessary,theMEMADistrict4RHMCshallmeetinMarchofeveryyeartoevaluate
theprogressattainedandtorevise,whereneeded,theactivitiessetforthinthePlan.Thefindingsand
recommendations of the RHMC shall be documented in the form of a report that can be shared with
interested municipal and County Council members. The RHMC will also meet following any disaster
eventswarrantingareexaminationofthemitigationactionsbeingimplementedorproposedforfuture
implementation. This will ensure that the Plan is continuously updated to reflect changing conditions
andneedswithintheregion.MEMAwillberesponsibleforreconveningtheRHMCforthesereviews.

FIVEYEARPLANREVIEW
The Plan will be thoroughly reviewed by the RHMC every five years to determine whether there have
been any significant changes in the region that may, in turn, necessitate changes in the types of
mitigation actions proposed. New development in identified hazard areas, an increased exposure to


FINAL April 2014
10:3
hazards, an increase or decrease in capability to address hazards, and changes to federal or state
legislationareexamplesoffactorsthatmayaffectthenecessarycontentofthePlan.
TheplanreviewprovidesMEMADistrict4countyofficialswithanopportunitytoevaluatethoseactions
thathavebeensuccessfulandtoexplorethepossibilityofdocumentingpotentiallossesavoideddueto
the implementation of specific mitigation measures. The plan review also provides the opportunity to
addressmitigationactionsthatmaynothavebeensuccessfullyimplementedasassigned.MEMAwillbe
responsibleforreconveningtheRHMCandconductingthefiveyearreview.
During the fiveyear plan review process, the following questions will be considered as criteria for
assessingtheeffectivenessandappropriatenessofthePlan:
Dothegoalsaddresscurrentandexpectedconditions?
Hasthenatureormagnitudeofriskschanged?
ArethecurrentresourcesappropriateforimplementingthePlan?
Are there implementation problems, such as technical, political, legal or coordination issues
withotheragencies?
Havetheoutcomesoccurredasexpected?
DidCountydepartmentsparticipateintheplanimplementationprocessasassigned?
Following the fiveyear review, any revisions deemed necessary will be summarized and implemented
accordingtothereportingproceduresandplanamendmentprocessoutlinedherein.Uponcompletion
ofthereviewandupdate/amendmentprocess,theMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationPlanwill
be submitted to the State Hazard Mitigation Officer at MEMA for final review and approval in
coordinationwiththeFederalEmergencyManagementAgency(FEMA).
DISASTERDECLARATION
Followingadisasterdeclaration,theMEMADistrict4RegionalHazardMitigationPlanwillberevisedas
necessary to reflect lessons learned, or to address specific issues and circumstances arising from the
event. It will be the responsibility of MEMA to reconvene the RHMC and ensure the appropriate
stakeholders are invited to participate in the plan revision and update process following declared
disasterevents.
REPORTINGPROCEDURES
The results of the fiveyear review will be summarized by the RHMC in a report that will include an
evaluationoftheeffectivenessofthePlanandanyrequiredorrecommendedchangesoramendments.
The report will also include an evaluation of implementation progress for each of the proposed
mitigation actions, identifying reasons for delays or obstacles to their completion along with
recommendedstrategiestoovercomethem.
PLANAMENDMENTPROCESS
Upon the initiation of the amendment process, the MEMA District 4 counties will forward information
on the proposed change(s) to all interested parties including, but not limited to, all directly affected


FINAL April 2014
10:4
County departments, residents, and businesses. Information will also be forwarded to MEMA. This
informationwillbedisseminatedinordertoseekinputontheproposedamendment(s)fornolessthan
a45dayreviewandcommentperiod.
At the end of the 45day review and comment period, the proposed amendment(s) and all comments
willbeforwardedtotheRHMCforfinalconsideration.TheRHMCwillreviewtheproposedamendment
along with the comments received from other parties, and if acceptable, the committee will submit a
recommendationfortheapprovalandadoptionofchangestothePlan.
Indeterminingwhether torecommend approvalordenialofaPlanamendmentrequest,thefollowing

factorswillbeconsideredbytheRHMC:
Thereareerrors,inaccuracies,oromissionsmadeintheidentificationofissuesorneedsinthe
Plan.
NewissuesorneedshavebeenidentifiedwhicharenotadequatelyaddressedinthePlan.
There has been a change in information, data, or assumptions from those on which the Plan is
based.
Upon receiving the recommendation from the RHMC, and prior to adoption of the Plan, the
participatingjurisdictionswillholdapublichearing,ifdeemednecessary.Thegoverningbodiesofeach
participating jurisdiction will review the recommendation from the RHMC (including the factors listed
above) and any oral or written comments received at the public hearing. Following that review, the
governingbodieswilltakeoneofthefollowingactions:
Adopttheproposedamendmentsaspresented;
Adopttheproposedamendmentswithmodifications;
RefertheamendmentsrequestbacktotheRHMCforfurtherrevision;or
Defer the amendment request back to the RHMC for further consideration and/or additional
hearings.
10.3 CONTINUED PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
44CFRRequirement
44CFRPart201.6(c)(4)(iii):
Theplanmaintenanceprocessshallincludeadiscussiononhowthecommunitywillcontinuepublicparticipation
intheplanmaintenanceprocess
Publicparticipationisanintegralcomponenttothemitigationplanningprocessandwillcontinuetobe
essentialasthisPlanevolvesovertime.Asdescribedabove,significantchangesoramendmentstothe
Planshallrequireapublichearingpriortoanyadoptionprocedures.
Othereffortstoinvolvethepublicinthemaintenance,evaluation,andrevisionprocesswillbemadeas
necessary.Theseeffortsmayinclude:
Advertising meetings of the RHMC in local newspapers, public bulletin boards and/or County
officebuildings;


FINAL April 2014
10:5
Designatingwillingandvoluntarycitizensandprivatesectorrepresentativesasofficialmembers
oftheRHMC;
Utilizinglocalmediatoupdatethepubliconanymaintenanceand/orperiodicreviewactivities
takingplace;
Utilizing the MEMA District 4 county websites to advertise any maintenance and/or periodic
reviewactivitiestakingplace;and
KeepingcopiesofthePlaninpubliclibraries.

Annex A
Calhoun County
FINAL April 2014
A:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Calhoun County and its participating
municipalities.Itconsistsofthefollowingfivesubsections:
A.1CalhounCountyCommunityProfile
A.2CalhounCountyRiskAssessment
A.3CalhounCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
A.4CalhounCountyCapabilityAssessment
A.5CalhounCountyMitigationStrategy
A.1 CALHOUN COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

A.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Calhoun County is located in north central Mississippi. It comprises four towns and three villages, the
Village of Big Creek, the Town Bruce, the Town of Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, the Village of
Pittsboro,theVillageofSlateSprings,andtheTownofVardaman,aswellasmanysmallunincorporated
communities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureA.1.
The county is an agricultural area that produces sweet potatoes, corn, and soy beans and consists of
sand clay hills as well as river and creek basins. The total area of the county is 588 square miles, 1
squaremileofwhichiswaterarea.
Summertemperaturesinthecountyrangefromhighsofabout91degreesFahrenheit(F)tolowsinthe
upper60s.Wintertemperaturesrangefromhighsinthelowtomid50stolowsaround30F.Average
annualrainfallisapproximately57inches,withthewettestmonthsbeingDecember,April,andMay.
ANNEX A: CALHOUN COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
A:2
FIGUREA.1:CALHOUNCOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
A.1.2 Population and Demographics
Accordingtothe2010Census,CalhounCountyhasapopulationof14,962people.Thecountyhasseen
a very slight drop in population between 2000 and 2010, and the population density is 26 people per
squaremile.PopulationcountsfromtheUSCensusBureaufor1990,2000,and2010forthecountyand
participatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableA.1.

FINAL April 2014
A:3
TABLEA.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORCALHOUNCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
CalhounCounty 14,908 15,069 14,962 0.7%
BigCreek 123 127 154 21.3%
Bruce 2,127 2,097 1,939 7.5%
CalhounCity 1,838 1,872 1,774 5.2%
Derma 959 1,023 1,025 0.2%
Pittsboro 277 212 202 4.7%
SlateSprings 118 121 110 9.1%
Vardaman 920 1,065 1,316 23.6%
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Calhoun County is 39.7 years. The racial
characteristicsofthecountyarepresentedinTableA.2.Whitesmakeupthemajorityofthepopulation
inthecounty,accountingforalmost68percentofthepopulation.
TABLEA.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFCALHOUNCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
CalhounCounty 67.5% 27.7% 0.1% 4.7% 5.4%
BigCreek 90.9% 5.2% 1.3% 2.6% 1.3%
Bruce 49.4% 47.2% 0.1% 2.8% 3.3%
CalhounCity 60.5% 37.6% 0.2% 1.7% 1.0%
Derma 37.0% 61.0% 0.1% 2.0% 1.4%
Pittsboro 79.2% 19.3% 0.5% 1.0% 0.0%
SlateSprings 96.4% 0.9% 0.0% 2.7% 0.9%
Vardaman 47.3% 28.2% 0.1% 24.4% 33.8%
A.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 6,913 housing units in Calhoun County, the majority of
which are single family homes or mobile homes. Housing information for the county and seven
municipalitiesispresentedinTableA.3.Asshowninthetable,fiveofincorporatedtownsandvillages
havesimilarpercentagesofseasonalhousingunitscomparedtotheunincorporatedcountywhiletwoof
theincorporatedvillageshaveslightlyhigherpercentages.
TABLEA.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFCALHOUNCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
CalhounCounty 6,902 6,913 3.7% $58,700
FINAL April 2014
A:4
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
BigCreek 69 70 7.1% $58,000
Bruce 1,005 962 2.3% $60,600
CalhounCity 827 801 1.7% $64,100
Derma 1,023 468 2.1% $55,600
Pittsboro 83 489 6.0% $65,000
SlateSprings 63 60 1.7% $65,800
Vardaman 471 493 0.6% $48,300
A.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Calhoun County, State Highway 9 provides access to the north and south. State Highway 8, which
crosseseastandwest,travelsthroughVardaman,Derma,andCalhounCity.StateHighway32provides
accesstoneighboringChickasawCountyandYalobushaCountyandpassesthroughBruce.
The Calhoun County Airport provides limited local service and regional air travel connections are
available through Tupelo Regional Airport in Lee County. The closest international airport is in
Memphis,approximately100milesawayfromthecounty.
Railservicetotheareaisprovidedbyashortlinerailroad,butthereisnopassengerserviceofferedat
thistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Calhoun County is provided by the Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingNatchezTraceElectricPowerAssociation(EPA),PontotocEPA,TallahatchieValley
EPA,andEntergy.
Water and sewer service is provided to residents by the Towns of Bruce, Calhoun City, Vardaman, and
Derma as well as the Villages of Big Creek, Pittsboro, and Slate Springs. Mountain Comfort Water
Associationalsoservessomeofthecountyresidents.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Calhoun County.
Accordingtothedatacollectedforthevulnerabilityassessment(Section6.4.1),thereare2firestations,
3policestations,and7publicschoolslocatedwithinthecounty.
There is one hospital located in Calhoun County. Calhoun Health Services is a 30bed medicalsurgical
hospitallocatedintheTownofCalhounCity.

FINAL April 2014
A:5
RecreationalopportunitiesinCalhounCountyincludegreathunting,fishing,andgolfingaswellaslocal
entertainment.Thereisplentifulhunting,includingdeer,duck,geese,turkey,fox,andrabbit,twolocal
golfcourses,andtwotheatersinthecounty.
A.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Calhoun County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
incorporated municipalities located throughout the region, with a few larger hubs interspersed. These
areas are where the regions population is generally concentrated. The incorporated areas are also
where many of the businesses, commercial uses, and institutional uses are located. Land uses in the
balance of the study area generally consist of rural residential development, agricultural uses, and
recreationalareas,althoughtherearesomenotableexceptionsinthelargermunicipalities.
A.1.6 Employment and Industry
AccordingtotheMississippiEmploymentSecurityCommission,in2012,CalhounCountyhadanaverage
annualemploymentof3,498workersandanaverageunemploymentrateof9.5percent(comparedto
9.2percentforthestate).In2012,theManufacturingindustryemployed34.8percentoftheCountys
workforce followed by Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting (21.8%); Retail Trade (6.9%); and
Public Administration (6.7%). The average annual wage in 2012 for Calhoun County was $30,784
comparedto$37,440inthestateofMississippi.
A.2 CALHOUN COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT
ThissubsectionincludeshazardprofilesforeachofthesignificanthazardsidentifiedinSection4:Hazard
Identification as they pertain to Calhoun County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
hazards location and extent, notable historical occurrences, and the probability of future occurrences.
AdditionalinformationcanbefoundinSection5:HazardProfiles.
A.2.1 Flood
LOCATIONANDSPATIALEXTENT
ThereareareasinCalhounCountythataresusceptibletofloodevents.Specialfloodhazardareasinthe
countyweremappedusingGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)andFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRate
Maps (DFIRM).
1
This includes Zone A (1percent annual chance floodplain), Zone AE (1percent annual
chance floodplain with elevation), and the 0.2percent annual chance floodplain. According to GIS
analysis, of the 593 square miles that make up Calhoun County, there are 133 square miles of land in
zones A and AE (1percent annual chance floodplain/100year floodplain) and 1 square mile of land in
the0.2percentannualchancefloodplain(500yearfloodplain).
These flood zone values account for 22.6 percent of the total land area in Calhoun County. It is
important to note that while FEMA digital flood data is recognized as best available data for planning
purposes, it does not always reflect the most accurate and uptodate flood risk. Flooding and flood

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Calhoun County were updated in 2010.

FINAL April 2014
A:6
related losses often do occur outside of delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure A.2, Figure A.3,
Figure A.4, Figure A.5, Figure A.6, Figure A.7, and Figure A.8 illustrate the location and extent of
currently mapped special flood hazard areas for Calhoun County and the Village of Big Creek, Town of
Bruce, the Town of Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, the Village of Pittsboro, the Village of Slate
Springs, and the Town of Vardaman based on best available FEMA Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map
(DFIRM)data.
FIGUREA.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCALHOUNCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
A:7
FIGUREA.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINBIGCREEK

FINAL April 2014
A:8
FIGUREA.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINBRUCE

FINAL April 2014
A:9
FIGUREA.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCALHOUNCITYANDDERMA

FINAL April 2014
A:10
FIGUREA.6:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINPITTSBORO

FINAL April 2014
A:11
FIGUREA.7:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINSLATESPRINGS

FINAL April 2014
A:12
FIGUREA.8:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINVARDAMAN

FINAL April 2014
A:13
HISTORICALOCCURRENCES
Floods resulted in four disaster declarations in Calhoun County in 1973, 1979, and twice in 1991.
2
NationalClimaticDataCenterreportedatotalof13eventsinCalhounCountysince1995.
3
Asummary
oftheseeventsispresentedinTableA.4.Theseeventsaccountedfornearly$145,000(2013dollars)in
property damage in the county. Specific information on flood events, including date, type of flooding,
anddeathsandinjuries,canbefoundinTableA.5.
TABLEA.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 3 0/0 $133,625
Derma 1 0/0 $3,146
Pittsboro 2 0/0 $0
Vardaman 1 0/0 $1,126
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 13 0/0 $144,977
TABLEA.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location Date Type Deaths/Injuries PropertyDamage*
BigCreek
NoneReported
Bruce
Bruce 16FEB95
URBAN/SMALL
STREAMFLOOD 0/0 $16,572
Bruce 09DEC08 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $115,927
Bruce 22SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,126
CalhounCity
CalhounCity 02MAY97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,573
CalhounCity 28JUN99 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,513
CalhounCity 05MAR04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,305
CalhounCity 05MAR04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,305
CalhounCity 27JUL08 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
Derma
Derma 21JUN97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,146
Pittsboro
PITTSBORO 12JUN08 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
PITTSBORO 27FEB09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0

2
A complete listing of historical disaster declarations can be found in Section 4: Hazard Identification.
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
A:14
SlateSprings
NoneReported
Vardaman
VARDAMAN 24SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,126
UnincorporatedArea
Countywide 26SEP02 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,384
*PropertyDamageisreportedin2013dollars
HISTORICALSUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSES
According to FEMA flood insurance policy records as of March 2013, there have been 25 flood losses
reported in Calhoun County through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since 1978, totaling
over$269,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableA.6.
It should be emphasized that these numbers include only those losses to structures that were insured
throughtheNFIPpolicies,andforlossesinwhichclaimsweresoughtandreceived.Itislikelythatmany
additional instances of flood loss in Calhoun County were either uninsured, denied claims payment, or
notreported.
TABLEA.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
BigCreek*
Bruce 5 $89,221
CalhounCity 5 $36,805
Derma 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0
SlateSprings*
Vardaman 0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 25 $269,521
Source:FEMA,NFIP
REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIES
AsofMay2013,therearenononmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedinCalhounCounty.Table
A.7presentsdetailedinformationonrepetitivelosspropertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciesforCalhoun
County.
TABLEA.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
BigCreek*
Bruce 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
CalhounCity 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
FINAL April 2014
A:15
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Derma 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
SlateSprings*
Vardaman 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY
TOTAL
0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Source:NationalFloodInsuranceProgram
PROBABILITYOFFUTUREOCCURRENCES
Flood events will remain a threat in Calhoun County, and the probability of future occurrences will
remain likely (between 10 and 100 percent annual probability). The participating jurisdictions and
unincorporatedareashaverisktoflooding,thoughnotallareaswillexperienceflood.Theprobabilityof
futurefloodeventsbasedonmagnitudeandaccordingtobestavailabledataisillustratedinthefigures
above, which indicates those areas susceptible to the 1percent annual chance flood (100year
floodplain)andthe0.2percentannualchanceflood(500yearfloodplain).
properties that risk varies throughout the county. For example, the southern half of the county has
more floodplain and thus a higher risk of flood than the northern half of the county. Flood is not the
greatesthazardofconcernbutwillcontinuetooccurandcausedamage.Therefore,mitigationactions
maybewarranted,particularlyforrepetitivelossproperties.
A.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Calhoun County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concern for erosion in Calhoun County are primarily rivers and streams. Generally, vegetation helps to
prevent erosion in the area, and it is not an extreme threat to any of the participating counties and
jurisdictions.Noareasofconcernwerereportedbytheplanningcommittee.
SeveralsourceswerevettedtoidentifyareasoferosioninCalhounCounty.Thisincludessearchinglocal
newspapers, interviewing local officials, and reviewing previous hazard mitigation plans. No historical
erosionoccurrenceswerefoundinthesesources.
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessforCalhounCounty,anditwillcontinueto
occur.Theannualprobabilitylevelassignedforerosionispossible(between1and10percentannually).
FINAL April 2014
A:16
A.2.3 Dam Failure
According to the Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality, there are two high hazard dams in
Calhoun County.
4
Figure A.9 shows the location of each of these high hazard dams and they are also
listed by name in Table A.8. According to a consensus of local government officials and the Regional
Hazard Mitigation Council, a majority of these dams would not pose a threat in a breach or failure
occurrence.

4
FINAL April 2014
A:17
FIGUREA.9:CALHOUNCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS

FINAL April 2014
A:18
TABLEA.8:CALHOUNCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName
Hazard
Potential
CalhounCounty
BIGLAKEDAM High
PERSIMMONCREEKSTRUCTUREY2109
DAM High
ThereisnorecordofdambreachesinCalhounCounty.However,severalbreachscenariosinthecounty
couldbecatastrophic.
necessarytopreventtheseevents.
A.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Calhoun County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
receives severe winter weather, even during the winter months. Events tend to be mild in nature;
however, even relatively small accumulations of snow, ice, or other wintery precipitation can lead to
losses and damage due to the fact that these events are not commonplace. Given the atmospheric
natureofthehazard,theentirecountyhasuniformexposuretoawinterstorm.
Winter weather has resulted in two disaster declarations in Calhoun County in 1994 and 1999.
5
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalofsevenrecordedwinterstorm
events in Calhoun County since 1996 (Table A.9).
6
These events resulted in almost $42,000 (2013
dollars) in damages. Detailed information on the recorded winter storm events can be found in Table
A.10.
7

5
A complete listing of historical disaster declarations, including the affected counties, can be found in Section 4: Hazard
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Calhoun County.
7
The dollar amount of damages provided by NCDC is divided by the number of affected counties to reflect a damage estimate
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
A:19
TABLEA.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEA.10:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
BigCreek
NoneReported
Bruce
NoneReported
CalhounCity
NoneReported
Derma
NoneReported
Pittsboro
NoneReported
SlateSprings
NoneReported
Vardaman
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
CALHOUNCOUNTY 01FEB96 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $33,523
CALHOUNCOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $6,738
CALHOUNCOUNTY 15JAN98 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 20DEC00 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $1,469
CALHOUNCOUNTY 07MAR08 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 25JAN08 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 01MAR09 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
TherehavebeenseveralseverewinterweathereventsinCalhounCounty.Thetextbelowdescribesone
ofthemajoreventsandassociatedimpactsonthecounty.Similarimpactscanbeexpectedwithsevere
winterweather.
December1998
ANNEX A: C
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
Winterst
snow and
outages.
accumula
PROBABI
Winterst
annualpr
FIRER

A.2.5 D
LOCATIO
Drought a
political b
drought a
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
elevenof
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
CALHOUN COU
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
ormsthrough
d debris clean
Furthermore
tionoftoxicf
ILITYOFFUT
ormeventsw
obabilityislik
RELATED
Drought
ONANDSPA
and heat wa
boundaries.
and heat wa
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
gtotheU.S.D
thelastthirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLEA.
rmallyDry
UNTY
al Hazard Mit
houtthecoun
nup, business
e,citizensmay
fumes.
TUREOCCUR
willcontinue
kely(between
D HAZAR
TIALEXTENT
aves typically
Furthermore,
aves, making
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
DroughtMon
teenyears(2
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
.11:HISTOR
ModerateDro
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
tigation Plan
ntyhaveseve
s and govern
yresorttous
RRENCES
tooccurinC
n10and100
RDS
T
y cover a larg
, it is assume
the spatial
onstypicallyd
ions.
nitor,Calhoun
0002012).T
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
RICALDROUG
ughtSeve
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
eralnegative
nment service
singinapprop
CalhounCoun
percent).
ge area and
ed that Calho
extent poten
donotcauses
nCountyhad
TableA.11sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
CalhounC
EXCEPTIO
ABNOR
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
MODER
SEVE
EXTRE
MODER
externalities
e interruption
riateheating
nty.Accordin
cannot be c
oun County w
ntially widesp
significantda
droughtleve
howsthemo
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
RENCESINCA
ExtremeDro
County
ONAL
MAL
MAL
NE
MAL
RATE
RE
EME
RATE
includinghy
n, traffic acci
devicesthat
ngtohistorica
confined to a
would be unif
pread. It is
amagetothe
els(including
stseveredro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
ALHOUNCO
oughtExc
pothermia,c
idents, and p
couldtofire
alinformation
any geograph
formly expos
also notable
builtenviron
abnormallyd
oughtclassific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
UNTY
eptionalDrough
A:20
ostof
power
oran
n,the
hic or
sed to
e that
nment
dry)in
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
FINAL April 2014
A:21
There were no reported drought events for Calhoun County according to the National Climatic Data
Center.
HeatWave
The National Climatic Data Center was used to determine historical heat wave occurrences in the
county.
August2010Thecombinationofhighhumidityandabovenormaltemperaturesproducedheatindex
readingsrangedbetween105and109degreesduringtheafternoonhoursinthemiddlepartofAugust.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatCalhounCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
likely (10100 percent annual probability) for future drought events. However, the extent (or
magnitude) of drought and the amount of geographic area covered by drought, varies with each year.
Historic information indicates that there is a much lower probability for extreme, longlasting drought
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofCalhounCountyhasaprobability
leveloflikely(10100percentannualprobability)forfutureheatwaveevents.
A.2.6 Wildfire
Theentirecountyisatrisktoawildfireoccurrence.However,severalfactorssuchasdroughtconditions
FigureA.10showstheFireOccurrenceAreas(FOA)inCalhounCountybasedondatafromtheSouthern
WildfireRiskAssessment.Thisdataisbasedonhistoricalfireignitionsandisreportedasthenumberof
firesthatoccurper1,000acreseachyear.
2009 NONE
2010 SEVERE
2011 MODERATE
2012 ABNORMAL
FINAL April 2014
A:22
FIGUREA.10:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Calhoun County
experiencesanaverageof11wildfiresannuallywhichburnanaverageof137acresperyear.Thedata
indicates that most of these fires are small, averaging thirteen acres per fire. Table A.12 provides a
summaryofwildfireoccurrencesinCalhounCountyandTableA.13liststhenumberofreportedwildfire
occurrencesinthecountybetweentheyears2002and2011.

FINAL April 2014
A:23
TABLEA.12:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Calhoun
County
AverageNumberofFiresperyear 10.9
AverageNumberofAcresBurnedperyear 137.3
AverageNumberofAcresBurnedperfire 12.6
TABLEA.13:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
CalhounCounty
Numberof
Fires
5 8 7 11 17 24 12 6 8 11
Numberof
Acres
Burned
137 154 25 105 256 404 59 55 37 141
Wildfire events will be an ongoing occurrence in Calhoun County. The likelihood of wildfires increases
during drought cycles and abnormally dry conditions. Fires are likely to stay small in size but could
increaseduelocalclimateandgroundconditions.Dry,windyconditionswithanaccumulationofforest
floor fuel (potentially due to ice storms or lack of fire) could create conditions for a large fire that
spreadsquickly.Itshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasdovarysomewhatinrisk.Forexample,highly
developedareasarelesssusceptibleunlesstheyarelocatedneartheurbanwildlandboundary.Therisk
willalsovaryduetoassets.Areasintheurbanwildlandinterfacewillhavemuchmorepropertyatrisk,
resulting in increased vulnerability and need to mitigate compared to rural, mainly forested areas. In
this case, the participating jurisdictions appear to have a similar risk to the surrounding areas. The
probabilityassignedtoCalhounCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

A.2.7 Earthquake
FigureA.11showstheintensitylevelassociatedwithCalhounCounty,basedonthenationalUSGSmap
of peak acceleration with 10 percent probability of exceedance in 50 years. It is the probability that
ground motion will reach a certain level during an earthquake. The data show peak horizontal ground
acceleration (the fastest measured change in speed, for a particle at ground level that is moving
horizontally due to an earthquake) with a 10 percent probability of exceedance in 50 years. The map
was compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Geologic Hazards Team, which conducts global
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Calhoun
FINAL April 2014
A:24
Countylieswithinanapproximatezoneoflevel4to5groundacceleration.Thisindicatesthatthe
countyexistswithinanareaofmoderateseismicrisk.
FIGUREA.11:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
AtleasttenearthquakesareknowntohaveaffectedCalhounCountysince1931.Thestrongestofthese
measured a V on the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale. Table A.14 provides a summary of
earthquake events reported by the National Geophysical Data Center between 1638 and 1985. Table
A.15 presents a detailed occurrence of each event including the date, distance for the epicenter,
magnitudeandModifiedMercalliIntensity(ifknown).
8

8
FINAL April 2014
A:25
TABLEA.14:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
BigCreek 1 III <4.8
Bruce 0
CalhounCity 1 III <4.8
Derma 1 V <4.8
Pittsboro 2 V <4.8
SlateSprings 1 IV <4.8
Vardaman 1 IV <4.8
UnincorporatedArea 3 IV <4.8
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 10 V(slightlystrong) <4.8
TABLEA.15:SIGNIFICANTSEISMICEVENTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY(16381985)
Location Date EpicentralDistance Magnitude MMI
BigCreek
BigCreek 3/25/1976 216.0km 4.9 III
Bruce
NoneReported
CalhounCity
CalhounCity 3/25/1976 220.0km 4.9 III
Derma
Derma 3/25/1976 220.0km 4.9 V
Pittsboro
Pittsboro 12/17/1931 45.0km Unknown IV
Pittsboro 3/25/1976 210.0km 4.9 V
SlateSprings
SlateSprings 3/25/1976 229.0km 4.9 IV
Vardaman
Vardaman 11/4/1977 11.0km 3.4 IV
UnincorporatedArea
Sarepta 12/17/1931 47.0km Unknown III
Banner 3/25/1976 194.0km 4.9 III
Reid 11/4/1977 20.0km 3.4 IV
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Calhoun County is unlikely.
However, it is possible that future earthquakes resulting in light to moderate perceived shaking and
damages ranging from none to very light will affect the county. The annual probability level for the
countyisestimatedtobebetween1and10percent(possible).

FINAL April 2014
A:26
A.2.8 Landslide
steepslopes.LandslidesarepossiblethroughoutCalhounCountybutthereisaverylowincidencerate
oflessthan1.5percentoftheareainvolved(accordingtotheUSGSdata).
According to Figure A.12 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that

FINAL April 2014
A:27
FIGUREA.12:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFCALHOUNCOUNTY
Source:USGS
ThereisnoextensivehistoryoflandslidesinCalhounCounty.Landslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolated
areas.
FINAL April 2014
A:28
events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Calhoun
County have a low incidence rate and low susceptibly to landsliding activity. Local conditions may
becomemorefavorableforlandslidesduetoheavyrain,forexample.Thiswouldincreasethelikelihood
ofoccurrence.ItshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasinCalhounCountyhavegreaterriskthanothers
givenfactorssuchassteepnessonslopeandmodificationofslopes.
A.2.9 Expansive Soils
Due to the amount of clay minerals present in Calhoun County, expansive soils present a threat to the
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureA.13.Theareasinblueare
underlainwithgenerallylessthan50percentclayhavinghighswellingpotentialandtheareasinredare
underlainwithabundantclayhavinghighswellingpotential.
FIGUREA.13:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS
FINAL April 2014
A:29
ThereisnohistoricalrecordofsignificantexpansivesoileventsinCalhounCounty.However,expansive
soilshavebeenknowntocauseconsiderabledamagetostructuralfoundationsinthecounty,although
theyhavenotposedasignificantthreattohumanlife.
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

A.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Calhoun County. All areas in Calhoun County are
equallysusceptibletohurricaneandtropicalstorms.
AccordingtotheNationalHurricaneCentershistoricalstormtrackrecords,atotalof25hurricaneshave
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 2 category 1 storms and 23 tropical
stormsasshowninFigureA.14.
9
Atotaloffivetrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrengthat
thetimetheytraversedthecounty.TableA.16providesthedetailforeachstormthatpassedthrough
thecountyincludingdateofoccurrence,name(ifapplicable),maximumwindspeed(asrecordedwhen
traversingthecounty)andcategoryofthestormbasedontheSaffirSimpsonScale.

9
These storm track statistics do not include extra-tropical storms. Though these related hazard events are less severe in intensity,
they may cause significant local impact in terms of rainfall and high winds.
FINAL April 2014
A:30
FIGUREA.14:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFCALHOUNCOUNTY
Source:NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration;NationalHurricaneCenter

FINAL April 2014
A:31
TABLEA.16:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFCALHOUNCOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
10/3/1860 UNNAMED 46 TropicalStorm
Federal records indicate that a disaster declaration was made in 2005 (Hurricane Dennis).
10
Hurricane
andtropicalstormeventscancausesubstantialdamageintheareaduetohighwindsandflooding.
Floodingandhighwindsfromhurricanesandtropicalstormscancausedamagethroughoutthecounty.
AnecdotesareavailablefromNCDCforthemajorstormsthathaveimpactedthecountyasfoundbelow:

10
FINAL April 2014
A:32
Hurricane Katrina had weakened to tropical storm strength when it reached north Mississippi. An
electrical transformer was blown down on a house in Oxford (Lafayette County). Some awnings were
ripped off in Ripley (Tippah County). Several buildings were damaged in Calhoun County due to the
winds. Numerous trees and power lines along with some telephone poles were blown down. Some
treesfelloncars,mobilehomes,andapartmentbuildings.Fourtoeightinchesofrainfellinsomeparts
ofnortheastMississippiproducingsomeflashflooding.Overallatleast100,000customerslostpower.
Given the inland location of the county, it is more likely to be affected by remnants of hurricane and
The probability of being impacted is less than coastal areas, but still remains a real threat to Calhoun
Countyduetoinducedeventslikeflooding.Basedonhistoricalevidence,theprobabilityleveloffuture
occurrenceislikely(annualprobabilitybetween10and100percent).Giventheregionalnatureofthe
hazard, all areas in the county are equally exposed to this hazard. However, when the county is
impacted, the damage could be catastrophic, threatening lives and property throughout the planning
area.
A.2.11 Thunderstorm
Thunderstorm/HighWind
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Calhoun County typically experiences several
straightline wind events each year. These wind events can and have caused significant damage. It is
assumed that Calhoun County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumedthatCalhounCountyisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,allareasofthe
countyareequallyexposedtohailwhichmaybeproducedbysuchstorms.
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofCalhounCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.

FINAL April 2014
A:33
SeverestormsresultedinfivedisasterdeclarationsinCalhounCountyin1979,twicein1991,2001,and
2003.
11
According to NCDC, there have been 103 reported thunderstorm and high wind events since
1955inCalhounCounty.
12
Theseeventscausedover$608,000(2013dollars)indamages. Therewere
also reports of four injuries. Table A.17 summarizes this information. Table A.18 presents detailed
thunderstormandhighwindeventreportsincludingdate,magnitude,andassociateddamagesforeach
event.
13
TABLEA.17:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 2 0/0 $22,618
Bruce 6 0/0 $67,324
Derma 1 0/0 $7,744
Pittsboro 2 0/0 $21,183
Vardaman 3 0/0 $15,962
TABLEA.18:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location Date Type Magnitude
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
BigCreek
BigCreek 15JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,489
BigCreek 24FEB01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,129
Bruce
Bruce 20MAY01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $14,258
Bruce 20MAY01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $14,258
Bruce 30MAR02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $6,921
Bruce 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $13,439
Bruce 23NOV04 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
Bruce 13JAN06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $18,448
CalhounCity
CalhounCity 13MAR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
CalhounCity 21APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
CalhounCity 21APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Calhoun County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
A:34
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
CalhounCity 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,865
CalhounCity 10NOV98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,489
CalhounCity 27FEB99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,563
CalhounCity 18FEB00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,343
CalhounCity 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $13,439
Derma
Derma 15JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,744
Pittsboro
PITTSBORO 05JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,744
PITTSBORO 07MAY03 TSTMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $13,439
SlateSprings
Slate 15JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,744
Slate 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,720
Vardaman
VARDAMAN 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,865
VARDAMAN 25OCT97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
VARDAMAN 05MAR04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,524
UnincorporatedArea
CALHOUNCOUNTY 14JUN55 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 16MAY66 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 08APR74 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 12MAR75 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 17FEB76 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 20MAR80 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 01DEC85 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 16NOV87 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 01JUL89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 28APR91 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 21AUG93 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $875
Calhoun 07JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
FINAL April 2014
A:35
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Calhoun 09JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $85,228
Calhoun 27JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Calhoun 01JUL94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
BAILEYVILLE 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,146
Reid 01APR00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,343
countywide 27MAY00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $14,685
CALHOUNCOUNTY 04OCT02 HIGHWIND 0kts. 0/0 $12,689
countywide 05MAY03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $13,439
Calhoun 24FEB07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
Calhoun 24FEB07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $9,552
Calhoun 14APR07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
Calhoun 14APR07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $47,762
Calhoun 18JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $17,911
CALHOUNCOUNTY 29JAN08 HIGHWIND 50kts. 0/0 $11,593
Calhoun 03MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,796
Calhoun 24MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 27JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,319
Calhoun 09DEC08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $69,556
Calhoun 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 13JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
A:36
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Calhoun 04AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 08MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Calhoun 21JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
*Propertydamageisreportedin2013dollars;Alldamagemaynothavebeenreported.
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 38 recorded hailstorm events have affected Calhoun
Countysince1967.
14
TableA.19isasummaryofthehaileventsinCalhounCounty.TableA.20provides
detailed information about each event that occurred in the county. In all, hail occurrences resulted in
approximately$26,000(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.Hailrangedindiameterfrom0.75inchesto
2.0 inches. It should be noted that hail is notorious for causing substantial damage to cars, roofs, and
other areas of the built environment that may not be reported to the National Climatic Data Center.
Therefore,itislikelythatdamagesaregreaterthanthereportedvalue.
TABLEA.19:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 1 0/0 $1,162
Bruce 6 0/0 $9,860
Derma 1 0/0 $77
Pittsboro 6 0/0 $2,559
Vardaman 0 0/0 $0
TABLEA.20:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location Date Magnitude Deaths/Injuries PropertyDamage*
BigCreek
BigCreek 15JUN98 1.75 0/0 $1,162
Bruce
Bruce 11Jun03 0.88in. 0/0 $6,720
Bruce 23NOV04 0.88in. 0/0 $65
Bruce 07APR06 0.88in. 0/0 $3,075
Bruce 19APR09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Bruce 12JUN09 1.00in. 0/0 $0

14
hail events have affected Calhoun County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
A:37
Bruce 12JUN09 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CalhounCity
CalhounCity 25JUN94 0.88in. 0/0 $0
CalhounCity 06MAR96 1.00in. 0/0 $161
CalhounCity 13FEB00 1.00in. 0/0 $147
CalhounCity 18FEB00 0.75in. 0/0 $15
CalhounCity 10MAY08 0.75in. 0/0 $1,159
CalhounCity 24MAY08 1.00in. 0/0 $2,319
CalhounCity 01JUN08 0.75in. 0/0 $1,159
CalhounCity 02JUN10 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CalhounCity 12OCT10 0.75in. 0/0 $0
CalhounCity 27APR11 1.75in. 0/0 $0
Derma
Derma 15JUN98 0.88in. 0/0 $77
Pittsboro
PITTSBORO 21APR97 0.75 0/0 $31
PITTSBORO 28MAY98 0.88 0/0 $77
PITTSBORO 22JAN99 1.75 0/0 $1,134
PITTSBORO 10MAR00 0.88 0/0 $73
PITTSBORO 24JUN02 0.75 0/0 $14
PITTSBORO 07APR06 0.75 0/0 $1,230
SlateSprings
Slate 15JUN98 0.75 0/0 $15
Vardaman
NoneReported --
UnincorporatedArea
CALHOUNCOUNTY 31MAY67 1.25 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 01APR70 2.00 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 30MAR73 2.00 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 17FEB86 0.88 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 02FEB90 1.00 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 22JUN90 0.75 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY 22MAR91 0.75 0/0 $0
Banner 25OCT97 0.75 0/0 $16
SAREPTA 22APR04 0.88 0/0 $65
Reid 10MAY06 1.00 0/0 $6,149
Banner 15JUN07 0.75 0/0 $1,194
Lightning
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehasbeenonerecordedlightningeventinCalhoun
County since 2005. This event resulted in more than $12,000 (2013 dollars) in damages as listed in
FINAL April 2014
A:38
summaryTableA.21.
15
However,itislikelythatmorelightningeventshaveinfactimpactedthecounty.
Manyofthereportedeventsarethosethatcauseddamage,anditshouldbeexpectedthatdamagesare
likely much higher for this hazard than what is reported. Detailed information on historical lightning
eventscanbefoundinTableA.22.
TABLEA.21:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 0 0/0 $0
Derma 0 0/0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0/0 $0
Vardaman 0 0/0 $0
TABLEA.22:HISTORICALLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
BigCreek
NoneReported
Bruce
NoneReported
CalhounCity
CalhounCity 22MAR05 0/0 $12,668
Fourhomesweredamagedwhenlightningstrucka
nearbytreeandtraveledthroughsomewaterpipes.
Derma
NoneReported
Pittsboro
NoneReported
SlateSprings
NoneReported
Vardaman
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Calhoun County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
FINAL April 2014
A:39
Giventhehighnumberofpreviousevents,itiscertainthatwindevents,includingstraightlinewindand
thunderstorm wind, will occur in the future. This results in a probability level of highly likely (100
percentannualprobability)forfuturewindeventsfortheentirecounty.
Hailstorm
is likely (10 100 percent annual probability). Since hail is an atmospheric hazard (coinciding with
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Calhoun County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
expected that future hail events will continue to cause minor damage to property and vehicles
throughoutthecounty.
Lightning
Although there was not a high number of historical lightning events reported in Calhoun County via
NCDC data, it is a regular occurrence accompanied by thunderstorms. In fact, lightning events will
assuredly happen on an annual basis, though not all events will cause damage. According to Vaisalas
U.S.NationalLightningDetectionNetwork(NLDN
),CalhounCountyislocatedinanareaofthecountry
thatexperiencedanaverageof6to8lightningflashespersquarekilometerperyearbetween1997and
2010.Therefore,theprobabilityoffutureeventsishighlylikely(100percentannualprobability).Itcan
be expected that future lightning events will continue to threaten life and cause minor property
damagesthroughoutthecounty.
A.2.12 Tornado
Tornadoes occur throughout the state of Mississippi, and thus in Calhoun County. Tornadoes typically
impact a relatively small area, but damage may be extensive. Event locations are completely random
and it is not possible to predict specific areas that are more susceptible to tornado strikes over time.
Therefore,itisassumedthatCalhounCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in five disaster declarations in Calhoun County in 1973, 1979, 1991, 2001, and
2003.
16
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalof15recordedtornado
events in Calhoun County since 1957 (Table A.23), resulting in over $2.4 million (2013 dollars) in
propertydamages.
17
Inaddition,fourinjurieswerereported.Themagnitudeofthesetornadoesranges
from F0 to F3 in intensity, although an F5 event is possible. Detailed information on historic tornado
eventscanbefoundinTableA.24.

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Calhoun County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
A:40
TABLEA.23:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 1 0/0 $14,258
Derma 0 0/0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0/0 $0
Vardaman 1 0/1 $37,132
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 15 0/4 $2,453,162
TABLEA.24:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location Date Magnitude
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
BigCreek
None
Reported
Bruce
Bruce 24FEB01 F3 0/0 $14,258
ThetornadobeganinruralCalhouncountyand
trackednortheastmovingintoPontotoccounty
nearMatthews.
CalhounCity
None
Reported
Derma
None
Reported
Pittsboro
None
Reported
SlateSprings
Slate 27APR11 F3 0/0 $265,225
Astrongtornadomovednortheastoutof
WebsterCountyintoextremeSoutheastern
CalhounCounty.Atleastonehomesustained
majordamageandonebarnwasdestroyed.
Numeroustreeswereknockeddown.The
tornadocontinuedtomovenortheastand
crossedintoChickasawCounty.
FINAL April 2014
A:41
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Vardaman
VARDAMAN 22JUN11 F1 0/1 $37,132
Atornadobrieflytoucheddowninthetownof
Vardamanknockingdownlargetrees.Onetree
fellonahouseinjuringanoccupantand
destroyingtheroofofthehome.Othertrees
weresnapped.Additionalhomesweredamaged
byfallentrees.Majordamageoccurredtoseveral
tractorsheds.Oneshedwasblownintoatree
lineapproximately100yardsaway.
UnincorporatedArea
CALHOUN
COUNTY 08APR57 F1 0/0 $0
CALHOUN
COUNTY 23JAN65 F2 0/0 $20,014
CALHOUN
COUNTY 01APR70 F1 0/1 $1,628,654
CALHOUN
COUNTY 01APR74 F2 0/0 $128,114
CALHOUN
COUNTY 07JUN74 F1 0/0 $12,811
CALHOUN
COUNTY 12MAR75 F2 0/0 $117,282
CALHOUN
COUNTY 04APR77 F3 0/1 $104,217
CALHOUN
COUNTY 22DEC88 F1 0/0 $53,352
CALHOUN
COUNTY 09FEB90 F0 0/0 $48,351
Banner 24JAN97 F0 0/0 $157
Atornadobrieflytoucheddowninaopenfield
withlittledamagereported.
Banner 01MAR97 F3 0/1 $15,730
AsecondtornadodevelopedinCalhouncounty
nearBanner.Thistornadoalsotrackednortheast
throughextremesoutheastLafayettecounty,
throughthenorthwestpartofPontotoccounty
andthroughthemiddleofUnioncounty.While
damageoccurredinallfourcounties,themost
damagetookplaceinUnioncountynearthe
townofMartintown.Alltold17personswere
injured.Ninetyonehomesweredamagedwith
fortynineofthesehomesdeemeduninhabitable.
SHEPHERD 01MAR97 F1 0/0 $7,865
Atornadotoucheddowninthewesternpartof
Calhouncountyandtrackednortheastinto
Pontotoccounty.Themostsignificantdamage
occuredintheRandolphareaofPontotoccounty.
Onemanwaskilledwhenhismobilehomewas
destroyed.Fourotherpersonswerealsoinjured
inRandolph.Inall2housesand2mobilehomes
weredestroyed.Nineotherhomeswere
damaged.Twentyfivebarnsweredestroyed.
Twohorseswerekilled.
*PropertyDamageisreportedin2013dollars.
FINAL April 2014
A:42
states of Alabama and Mississippi. During this outbreak, one F3 tornado was reported in Calhoun
CountyonApril27,2011.Thistornadoresultedinover$265,000(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Calhoun County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Calhoun County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
A.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
CalhounCountyhasoneTRIsite.ThissiteisshowninFigureA.15.

FINAL April 2014
A:43
FIGUREA.15:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Source:EPA
Inadditiontofixedhazardousmaterialslocations,hazardousmaterialsmayalsoimpactthecountyvia
roadways and rail. Many roads in the county are narrow, making hazardous material transport in the

FINAL April 2014
A:44
TherehavebeenatotalofonerecordedHAZMATincidentsinCalhounCountysince1985(TableA.25).
Table A.26 presents detailed information on historic HAZMAT incidents in Calhoun County as reported
by the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
(PHMSA).
TABLEA.25:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
BigCreek 0 0/0 $0
Bruce 1 0/0 $0
Derma 0 0/0 $0
Pittsboro 0 0/0 $0
Vardaman 0 0/0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 1 0/0 $0
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEA.26:HAZMATINCIDENTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
BigCreek
NoneReported
Bruce
I1985070289 6/27/1985 BRUCE Highway 1 0/0 $0 145LGA
CalhounCity
NoneReported
Derma
NoneReported
Pittsboro
NoneReported
SlateSprings
NoneReported
Vardaman
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
Source:USDOTPHMSA

FINAL April 2014
A:45
Given the location of one toxic release inventory site in Calhoun County and only one roadway or rail
incident,itisunlikelythatahazardousmaterialincidentmayoccurinthecounty(betweenonepercent
and ten percent annual probability). County and town officials are mindful of this possibility and take
precautionstopreventsuchaneventfromoccurring.Furthermore,therearedetailedplansinplaceto
respondtoanoccurrence.
AlthoughthereisjustoneTRIsiteandaverylimitedrecordofpreviouseventsinthecounty,hazardous
materials incidents will continue to be a threat. The county may also be impacted by neighboring
countieswhichalsofaceriskduetoTRIsitesandnarrowroadways.
A.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.CalhounCountychosetoanalyze
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that

18
FINAL April 2014
A:46
th
State,"onOctober4
th
widelyrecorded.
19

19
FINAL April 2014
A:47
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatCalhounCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
unlikely(lessthan1percentannualprobability)forfuturepandemicsevents.Whilepandemiccanhave
devastatingimpacts,theyarerelativelyrare.

A.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk
The hazard profiles presented above were developed using best available data and result in what may
be considered principally a qualitative assessment as recommended by FEMA in its Howto guidance
documenttitledUnderstandingYourRisks:IdentifyingHazardsandEstimatingLosses(FEMAPublication
3862). It relies heavily on historical and anecdotal data, stakeholder input, and professional and
experiencedjudgmentregardingobservedand/oranticipatedhazardimpacts.Italsocarefullyconsiders
thefindingsinotherrelevantplans,studies,andtechnicalreports.
HAZARDEXTENT
Table A.27 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for Calhoun County. The extent of a
hazardisdefinedasitsseverityormagnitude,asitrelatestotheplanningarea.
TABLEA.27:EXTENTOFCALHOUNCOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor22.6percentofthetotallandareainCalhounCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheSkunaRiveratBrucein1955.Waterreacheda
dischargeof61,400cubicfeetpersecondandthestreamgageheightwas
recordedat40.09feet.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinCalhounCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).TwodamsareclassifiedashighhazardinCalhoun
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinCalhoun
County.However,thegreatestsnowfallreportedinJackson(southwestofthe
county)was11.7inchesin1904andinMeridian(southeastofthecounty)was
14.0inchesin1963.
FINAL April 2014
A:48
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.CalhounCountyhasreceived
thisrankingonceoverthethirteenyearreportingperiod.
CalhounCounty.However,thehighestrecordedtemperatureinJackson
(southwestofthecounty)was107Fin2000andinMeridian(southeastofthe
county)was107Fin1980.
Wildfire
occurinCalhounCountyinanyyearwas24in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
acrestoburninthecountyinasingleyearoccurredin2007when404acreswere
burned.Althoughthisdataliststheextentthathasoccurred,largerandmore
frequentwildfiresarepossiblethroughoutthecounty.
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromCalhounCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
GeophysicalDataCenter,thegreatestMMItoimpactthecountywasreportedin
DermaandPittsboro(unincorporatedarea)withaMMIofV(slightlystrong)with
acorrelatingRichterScalemeasurementofapproximately4.8.
Landslide
inCalhounCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
landslidehazard.However,whenusingUSGSlandslidesusceptibilityindex,
extentcanbemeasuredwithincidence,whichislowthroughoutthecounty.
Thereisalsolowsusceptibilitythroughoutthecounty.
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinCalhounCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
challengewhentryingtodetermineanaccurateextentfortheexpansivesoils
hazard.However,whenusingUSGSdataonsoilswithclayswellingpotential,
extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinCalhounCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughCalhounCountywasatropicalstorm
(unnamedstormsin1860,1881,1916,and1923)whichcarriedtropicalforce
windsof46milesperhouruponarrivalinthecounty.
FINAL April 2014
A:49
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinCalhounCountywaslastreported
onMay7,2003at70knots(approximately81mph).Itshouldbenotedthat
futureeventsmayexceedthesehistoricaloccurrences.
reportedinCalhounCountywas2.0inches(lastreportedonMarch30,1973).It
shouldbenotedthatfutureeventsmayexceedthis.
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),CalhounCountyis
locatedinanareathatexperiences6to8lightningflashespersquarekilometer
peryear.Itshouldbenotedthatfuturelightningoccurrencesmayexceedthese
figures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinCalhounCountywasanF3(last
reportedonApril27,2011).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis145LGAreleasedonthehighwayinBruce.Itshouldbenotedthat
largereventsarepossible.
Pandemic
Theextentofapandemicimpactingthecounty isdifficulttoestimate.Itcould
resultinthousandsofdeathsandextremedisruptionofcommerceandeveryday
life.
PRIORITYRISKINDEXRESULTS
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskforCalhounCounty,theresultsof
the hazard profiling process were used to generate countywide hazard classifications according to a
Priority Risk Index (PRI). More information on the PRI and how it was calculated can be found in
Section5.16.2.
Table A.28 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEA.28:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORCALHOUNCOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
Erosion Possible Minor Small Morethan24hours Morethanoneweek 1.8
FINAL April 2014
A:50
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Likely Minor Small Lessthan6hours Lessthanoneweek 2.1
GeologicHazards
WindrelatedHazards
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
A.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Calhoun County, including the PRI results
and input from the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council, resulted in the classification of risk for each
identified hazard according to three categories: High Risk, Moderate Risk, and Low Risk (Table A.29).
For purposes of these classifications, risk is expressed in relative terms according to the estimated
impact that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Calhoun County. A more
quantitativeanalysistoestimatepotentialdollarlossesforeachhazardhasbeenperformedseparately,
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionA.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
although some hazards are classified below as posing low risk, their occurrence of varying or
TABLEA.29:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORCALHOUNCOUNTY
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm

FINAL April 2014
A:51

MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
A:52
A.3 CALHOUN COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Calhoun County to the significant hazards
previously identified. This includes identifying and characterizing an inventory of assets in the county
and assessing the potential impact and expected amount of damages caused to these assets by each
identified hazard event. More information on the methodology and data sources used to conduct this
assessmentcanbefoundinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessment.
A.3.1 Asset Inventory
TableA.30liststheestimatednumberofimprovedpropertiesandthetotalvalueofimprovementsfor
CalhounCountyanditsparticipatingjurisdictions(studyareaofvulnerabilityassessment).Thisdatawas
obtainedfromHazusMH2.1sincedigitalparceldatawasnotavailableinthiscounty.
TABLEA.30:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Improved
Properties
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
BigCreek* 41 $5,852,000
Bruce* 815 $88,879,000
CalhounCity* 867 $115,771,000
Derma* 433 $38,886,000
Pittsboro* 29 $2,816,000
SlateSprings* 41 $$22,642,000
Vardaman* 453 $43,049,000
CALHOUNCOUNTY*TOTAL 8,315
$1,232,705,000
*ImprovementvaluesforthesecommunitieswereobtainedfromHazusMH
Table A.31 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinCalhounCounty.Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecriticalfacilitiesfor
thecountyandthisdatawasupdatedtoreflectcurrentconditions.Inaddition,FigureA.16showsthe
locations of essential facilities in Calhoun County. Table A.45, near the end of this section, shows a
complete list of the critical facilities by name, as well as the hazards that affect each facility. As noted
previously,thislistisnotallinclusiveandonlyincludesinformationprovidedbythecounty.
TABLEA.31:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
BigCreek 0 0 0 0 0
Bruce 1 1 0 0 3
CalhounCity 1 1 1 0 2
Derma 0 0 0 0 0
Pittsboro 0 0 0 0 0
SlateSprings 0 0 0 0 0
FINAL April 2014
A:53
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Vardaman 0 0 0 0 2
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 2 3 1 0 7
Source:HazusMH
FIGUREA.16:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1

FINAL April 2014
A:54
A.3.2 Social Vulnerability
andassessthoseparticularsegmentsoftheresidentpopulationinCalhounCountythatarepotentially
atrisktothesehazards.
TableA.32liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
dataispresentedatthecountyandmunicipallevel.ThetotalpopulationinCalhounCountyaccording
toCensusdatais14,962persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionA.1.
TABLEA.32:TOTALPOPULATIONINCALHOUNCOUNTY
BigCreek 154
Bruce 1,939
CalhounCity 1,774
Derma 1,025
Pittsboro 202
SlateSprings 110
Vardaman 1,316
UnincorporatedArea 8,442
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 14,962
Inaddition,FigureA.17illustratesthepopulationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
20

20

FINAL April 2014
A:55
FIGUREA.17:POPULATIONDENSITYINCALHOUNCOUNTY
A.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
As noted in Section 6: Vulnerability Assessment, only hazards with a specific geographic boundary,
availablemodelingtool,orsufficienthistoricaldataallowforfurtheranalysis.Thoseresults,specificto
Calhoun County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
region (drought, hailstorm, lightning, pandemic, thunderstorm wind, tornado, and winter storm and
freeze) or, due to lack of data, analysis would not lead to credible results (dam and levee failure,
erosion, expansive soils, and landslide). The total county exposure, and thus risk, was presented in
TableA.30.
FINAL April 2014
A:56
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableA.41.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Calhoun County is susceptible to flood events. A total of 13 flood
eventshave beenreportedbythe NationalClimaticDataCenterresultingin$144,977(2013dollars)in
damages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$8,384forCalhounCounty.
Sincedigitalparceldatawasnotavailable,ananalysisofimprovedpropertywasnotcompletedasitwas
determinedthatananalysisusingtheinventoryfromHazusMH2.1wouldhavebeeninaccurateandthe
resultswouldnothavebeenuseful.
TABLEA.33:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
BigCreek N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Bruce N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
CalhounCity N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Derma N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Pittsboro N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SlateSprings N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Vardaman N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
CALHOUNCOUNTY
TOTAL
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SocialVulnerability
Since2010populationwasonlyavailableatthetractlevel,itwasdifficulttodetermineareliablefigure
on population atrisk to flood due to tract level population data. Figure A.18 is presented to gain a
betterunderstandingofatriskpopulation.

FINAL April 2014
A:57
FIGUREA.18:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
The critical facility analysis revealed that there are a no critical facilities located in the Calhoun County
1.0percent annual chance floodplain and 0.2percent annual chance floodplain based on FEMA DFIRM
boundariesandGISanalysis.Alistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedrisk can befound in
TableA.45attheendofthissection.
Inconclusion,afloodhasthepotentialtoimpactmanyexistingandfuturebuildingsandpopulationsin
Calhoun County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
floodplain are atrisk, though elevated structures will have a reduced risk. As noted, the floodplains
used in this analysis include the 100year and 500year FEMA regulated floodplain boundaries. It is
certainly possible that more severe events could occur beyond these boundaries or urban (flash)
FINAL April 2014
A:58
flooding could impact additional structures. Such sitespecific vulnerability determinations are outside
the scope of this assessment but will be considered during future plan updates. Furthermore, areas
subjecttorepetitivefloodingshouldbeanalyzedforpotentialmitigationactions.
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Calhoun County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are
fewreportsofdamage.Therefore,itisdifficulttocalculateareliableannualizedlossfigure.Annualized
loss is considered negligible though it should be noted that a single event could result in significant
To estimate exposure to wildfire, building data was obtained from HazusMH 2.1 which includes
informationthathasbeenaggregatedattheCensusblocklevelandwhichhasbeendeemedusefulfor
analyzing wildfire vulnerability. However, it should be noted that the accuracy of Hazus data is
somewhat lower than that of parcel data.For the critical facility analysis, areas of concern were
Figure A.19 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
polygontoallowforanalysis.TheLOCdataisarangeof0to100withhighervaluesbeingmostsevere
(aspreviouslynoted,thisisarelativerisk).ThreewasthehighestlevelrecordedintheMEMADistrict4
planningarea.Therefore,areaswithavalueabove1werechosentobedisplayedasareasofrisk.The
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Calhoun County has very
littlelandlabeledasatrisk,muchlikemostoftheothercountiesintheMEMADistrict4Region.Since
allofthislandareaisonthelowertenthoftheoverallLOCscale,thereislikelyconsiderablylessriskin
CalhounCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableA.33showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
A:59
FIGUREA.19:WILDFIRERISKAREASINCALHOUNCOUNTY
TABLEA.34:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
Approx.ImprovedValue
BigCreek 0 $0
Bruce 0 $0
CalhounCity 0 $0
Derma 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0
SlateSprings 0 $0
FINAL April 2014
A:60
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
Vardaman 0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY*
TOTAL
23 $2,886,000
*ImprovementvaluesforthesecommunitieswereobtainedfromHazusMHattheCensusBlocklevel.
Source:SouthernWildfireRiskAssessmentandHazusMH
Looking at jurisdictional level, unincorporated areas of the county face the highest level of concern
areas.Whilethejurisdictionsreportafairlylowlevelofconcern,eachshouldmindfulthatwildfirescan
occuranywhereinthecountyandfiremayquicklyspreadtothoselowerareasofconcern.
SocialVulnerability
Althoughnotallareashaveequalvulnerability,thereissomesusceptibilityacrosstheentirecounty.It
isassumedthatthetotalpopulationisatrisktothewildfirehazard.Determiningtheexactnumberof
peopleincertainwildfirezonesisdifficultwithexistingdataandcouldbemisleading.
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableA.41
facilities,andpopulationsinCalhounCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
the area is likely to inflict minor damage to the county. HazusMH 2.1 estimates a total exposure of
approximately $1.3 billion which includes buildings, inventory, and contents throughout the county.
While this number is not an exact representation of assessed tax value, it is helpful in assessing the
resultsoftheHazusMHscenario.
averageannualizedloss
21
forthe county.Theresults oftheanalysisaregeneratedat theCensusTract
TableA.34summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEA.35:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD

21
FINAL April 2014
A:61
CalhounCounty $67,000 $1,255,251,000 0.01%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.
populations in Calhoun County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
from an earthquake occurrence. While Calhoun County may not experience a large earthquake (the
greatest on record is a magnitude V MMI), localized damage is possible with an occurrence. A list of
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableA.41attheendofthissection.
HURRICANEANDTROPICALSTORM
Historical evidence indicates that Calhoun County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
storm hazard. There has been one disaster declaration due to hurricanes (Hurricane Dennis). Several
trackshavecomenearortraversedthroughthecounty,asshownanddiscussedinSectionA.2.10.
wasusedtodetermineaverageannualizedlosses
22
forthecountyasshownbelowinTableA.35.Only
TABLEA.36:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
Location TotalAnnualizedLoss Exposure %ofExposure
CalhounCounty $28,000 $1,255,251,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
In addition, HazusMH 2.1 was used to recreate the 1916 Unnamed Hurricane and potential
estimate losses in the county. The scenario investigates potential losses based on the same track
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableA.36.

22
FINAL April 2014
A:62
TABLEA.37:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
CalhounCounty $0 $1,255,251,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
Given equal susceptibility across the county, it is assumed that the total population is at risk to the
hurricaneandtropicalstormhazard.
CriticalFacilities
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrossCalhounCounty,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeatrisk.Some
buildings may perform better than others in the face of such an event due to construction and age,
among other factors. Determining individual building response is beyond the scope of this plan.
TableA.41attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinCalhounCounty.
Although historical evidence and existing Toxic Release Inventory sites indicate that Calhoun County is
susceptibletohazardousmaterialsevents,therearefewreportsofdamage.Therefore,itisdifficultto
calculate a reliable annualized loss figure. It is assumed that while one major event could result in
significant losses, annualizing structural losses over a long period of time would most likely yield a
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforCalhounCounty.
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesinCalhounCounty,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysisasshown
in Figure A.20. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
FINAL April 2014
A:63
highway) and railroads, where hazardous materials are primarily transported that could adversely
impact people and buildings, were used for the GIS buffer analysis. Figure A.21 shows the areas used
for mobile toxic release buffer analysis. The results indicate the approximate number of improved
propertiesandimprovedvalue,asshowninTableA.37(fixedsites)andTableA.38(mobilesites).
23
FIGUREA.20:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEA.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)

23
FINAL April 2014
A:64
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
BigCreek 0 $0 0 $0
Bruce 0 $0 0 $0
Derma 0 $0 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0 0 $0
Vardaman 0 $0 0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY*TOTAL 74 $10,727,000 184 $30,180,000
Source:TRIandHazusMH

FINAL April 2014
A:65
FIGUREA.21:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINCALHOUNCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
A:66
TABLEA.39:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
(MOBILEANALYSISROADANDRAILROAD)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
BigCreek 0 $0 0 $0
Bruce 194 $42,504,000 1,300 $175,422,000
Derma 0 $0 0 $0
Pittsboro 0 $0 0 $0
Vardaman 0 $0 0 $0
CALHOUNCOUNTY*TOTAL 265 $55,715,000 1,709 $279,551,000
*Improvement values for these communities were obtained from Hazus MH at the Census Block level.Source:Hazus
MH
SocialVulnerability
Given high susceptibility across the entire county, it is assumed that the total population is at risk to a
hazardous materials incident. It should be noted that areas of population concentration may be at an
elevatedriskduetoagreaterburdentoevacuatepopulationquickly.
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisforfixedTRIsitesrevealedthattherearenoCalhounCountyfacilitieslocated
inaHAZMATriskzone.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTable
A.41attheendofthissection.
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Calhoun County revealed that there are 4
criticalfacilitieslocatedintheprimaryandsecondarymobileHAZMATbufferareas.Allofthesefacilities
areinthesecondarybufferarea.Alistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefound
inTableA.41attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Calhoun County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at
thehighestrisk,thoughallareascarrysomevulnerabilityduetovariationsinconditionsthatcouldalter
the impact area (i.e., direction and speed of wind, volume of release, etc). Further, incidents from
neighboringcountiescouldalsoimpactthecountyandparticipatingjurisdictions.
CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDVULNERABILITY
Table A.39 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Calhoun County. Due to the
reporting of hazard damages primarily at the county level, it was difficult to determine an accurate
FINAL April 2014
A:67
annualized loss estimate for each municipality. Therefore, an annualized loss was determined through
thedamagereportedthroughhistoricaloccurrencesatthecountylevel.Thesevaluesshouldbeusedas
anadditionalplanningtoolormeasureriskfordetermininghazardmitigationstrategiesthroughoutthe
region.
TABLEA.40:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORCALHOUNCOUNTY
Event
Calhoun
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $8,384
Erosion Negligible
DamFailure Negligible
WinterStorm&Freeze $2,455
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/Heat Wave Negligible
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $67,000
Landslide Negligible
ExpansiveSoils Negligible
WindrelatedHazards
Hurricane&TropicalStorm $28,000
ThunderstormWind / HighWind $22,304
Hail $1,652
Lightning $1,584
Tornado $190,519
OtherHazards
HAZMATIncident Negligible
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableA.40showsthecriticalfacilities
vulnerable to additional hazards analyzed in this section. The table lists those assets that are
determinedtobeexposedtoeachoftheidentifiedhazards(markedwithanX).

FINAL April 2014
A:68


FINAL April 2014
A:69
TABLEA.41:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINCALHOUNCOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
4
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CALHOUNCOUNTY

ChickenboneFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
BrucePoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
BruceHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
BruceElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
BruceUpperElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
HillcrestHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCityHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
CalhounCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X
VardamanHighSchool School

VardamanElementarySchool School

24

FINAL April 2014
A:70
A.4 CALHOUN COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection discusses the capability of Calhoun County to implement hazard mitigation activities.
More information on the purpose and methodology used to conduct the assessment can be found in
Section7:CapabilityAssessment.
A.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableA.41providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
under development for Calhoun County. A checkmark () indicates that the given item is currently in
placeandbeingimplemented.Anasterisk(*)indicatesthatthegivenitemiscurrentlybeingdeveloped
for future implementation. Each of these local plans, ordinances, and programs should be considered
available mechanisms for incorporating the requirements of the MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard
MitigationPlan.
TABLEA.42:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
CALHOUN
COUNTY

BigCreek
Bruce
CalhounCity
Derma
Pittsboro
SlateSprings
Vardaman
Amoredetaileddiscussiononthecountysplanningandregulatorycapabilitiesfollows.

FINAL April 2014
A:71
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
Calhoun County has previously adopted a hazard mitigation plan. The Village of Big Creek, Town of
Bruce, the Town of Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, the Village of Pittsboro, the Village of Slate
Springs,andtheTownofVardamanwerealsoincludedinthisplan.
EmergencyOperationsPlan
Calhoun County maintains an emergency operations plan through its Emergency Management Agency.
The Village of Big Creek, Town of Bruce, the Town of Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, the Village of
Pittsboro,theVillageofSlateSprings,andtheTownofVardamanareeachcoveredbythisplan.
GENERALPLANNING
ComprehensiveLandUsePlan
CalhounCountyhasnotadoptedacountycomprehensivelanduseplan.However,theTownofCalhoun
City and the Town of Derma adopted a joint comprehensive plan in 1972 and the Town of Vardaman
adoptedalanduseplanin1975.
ZoningOrdinance
CalhounCountydoes not haveazoningordinanceinplace. However,theTownofBruce,the Townof
Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, and the Town of Vardaman have zoning ordinances that were
adoptedin1972,1973,1973,and1975,respectively.
CalhounCountydoesnothaveasubdivisionordinanceinplace.However,theTownofBruce,theTown
of Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, and the Town of Vardaman adopted subdivision regulations in
1972,1973,1973,and1975,respectively.
BuildingCodes,Permitting,andInspections
Calhoun County, the Town of Bruce, the Town of Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, and the Town of
Vardamanhavenotadoptedabuildingcode.
FLOODPLAINMANAGEMENT
Table A.42 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Calhoun
County.
TABLEA.43:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
CALHOUNCOUNTY 1/3/90 8/19/10 27 $2,254,200 15 $143,495
BigCreek*

FINAL April 2014
A:72
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
Bruce 6/18/87 8/19/10 15 $2,764,800 5 $89,221
CalhounCity 6/18/87 8/19/10 21 $2,974,200 5 $36,805
Derma 9/1/87 8/19/10 1 $96,300 0 $0
Pittsboro 8/5/1985 8/19/10 0 $0 0 $0
SlateSprings*
Vardaman 11/11/94 8/19/10 1 $36,300 0 $0
FloodDamagePreventionOrdinance
All communities participating in the NFIP are required to adopt a local flood damage prevention
ordinance. Calhoun County, the Town of Bruce, the Town of Calhoun City, the Town of Derma, the
Village of Pittsboro, and the Town of Vardaman all participate in the NFIP and have adopted flood
damagepreventionordinances.
A.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
TableA.43providesasummaryofthecapabilityassessmentresultsforCalhounCounty withregard to
relevantstaffandpersonnelresources.Acheckmark()indicatesthepresenceofastaffmember(s)in
thatjurisdictionwiththespecifiedknowledgeorskill.
TABLEA.44:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
CALHOUN
COUNTY


FINAL April 2014
A:73
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
BigCreek
Bruce
CalhounCity
Derma
Pittsboro
SlateSprings
Vardaman
A.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table A.44 provides a summary of the results for Calhoun County with regard to relevant fiscal
resources. A checkmark () indicates that the given fiscal resource is locally available for hazard
thepreviouscountyhazardmitigationplan.

FINAL April 2014
A:74
TABLEA.45:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
CALHOUN
COUNTY

BigCreek
Bruce
CalhounCity
Derma
Pittsboro
SlateSprings
Vardaman
A.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Calhoun County is more
A.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table A.45 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology
described in Section 7: Capability Assessment. The capability score is based solely on the information
found in existing hazard mitigation plans and readily available on the jurisdictions government
websites. According to the assessment, the average local capability score for the county and its
jurisdictionsis16.9,whichfallsintothelimitedcapabilityranking.

FINAL April 2014
A:75
TABLEA.46:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
CALHOUNCOUNTY 20 Moderate
BigCreek 9 Limited
Bruce 18 Limited
CalhounCity 21 Moderate
Derma 21 Moderate
Pittsboro 16 Limited
SlateSprings 9 Moderate
Vardaman 21 Moderate
A.5 CALHOUN COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforCalhounCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerable
toitsidentifiedhazards.ItisbasedongeneralconsensusoftheRegionalHazardMitigationCounciland
the findings and conclusions of the capability assessment and risk assessment. Additional Information
canbefoundinSection8:MitigationStrategyandSection9:MitigationActionPlan.
A.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Calhoun County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableA.46.
TABLEA.47:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6

FINAL April 2014
A:76
A.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
The mitigation actions proposed by Calhoun County, the Village of Big Creek, the Town of Bruce, the
TownofCalhounCity,theTownofDerma,theVillageofPittsboro,theVillageofSlateSprings,andthe
TownofVardamanarelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
A:77
Calhoun County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:78
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:79
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

FINAL April 2014
A:80
Village of Big Creek Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:81
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:82
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

FINAL April 2014
A:83
Town of Bruce Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:84
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:85
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

FINAL April 2014
A:86
Town of Calhoun City Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:87
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:88
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019 TBD
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

FINAL April 2014
A:89
Town of Derma Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:90
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Wenowhave2FM
Operators.

FINAL April 2014
A:91
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

FINAL April 2014
A:92
Village of Pittsboro Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:93
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:94
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

FINAL April 2014
A:95
Village of Slate Springs Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:96
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.

FINAL April 2014
A:97
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

FINAL April 2014
A:98
Town of Vardaman Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019
Topurchasethree
completetornado
warningsystemsand
installed.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Complete

FINAL April 2014
A:99
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Needtopurchasetwo
mobile100kw
generators,singleand
3phase
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA)
mitigation
funds,
State,Town
$18,000
each/total
$54,000
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Vardamanwishesto
installatornado
warningsystemnorth
ofTown,EastofTown
andWestofTown.
Allwishtoinstall
emergencypower
supply.

FINAL April 2014
A:100
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Noactiontaken.No
fundsavailable.
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2019 N/A

Annex B
Chickasaw County
FINAL April 2014
B:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Chickasaw County and its participating
B.1ChickasawCountyCommunityProfile
B.2ChickasawCountyRiskAssessment
B.3ChickasawCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
B.4ChickasawCountyCapabilityAssessment
B.5ChickasawCountyMitigationStrategy
B.1 CHICKASAW COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

B.1.1 Geography and the Environment
ChickasawCountyislocatedinnorthcentralMississippi.Itcomprisesoffourmunicipalities,theCityof
Houston,theTownofNewHoulka,theCityofOkolona,andtheVillageofWoodland,aswellasseveral
smallunincorporatedcommunities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureB.1.
The county has 80,000 acres (125 square miles) of farmland growing soybeans, corn, cotton, sweet
potatoes,foragecrops,andtruckpatches.Therearealsomanyacresoftimberland,consistingmainlyof
pine trees, as well as dairy, beef farms,hog farms, poultry houses. The total area of the county is 504
squaremiles,2squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
ANNEX B: CHICKASAW COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
B:2
FIGUREB.1:CHICKASAWCOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
B.1.2 Population and Demographics
According to the 2010 Census, Chickasaw County has a population of 17,392 people. The county has
seenalmost11%declineinpopulationbetween2000and2010,andthepopulationdensityis35people
persquaremile.PopulationcountsfromtheUSCensusBureaufor1990,2000,and2010forthecounty
andparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableB.1.
TABLEB.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
ChickasawCounty 18,085 19,440 17,392 10.5%
Houston 3,903 4,079 3,623 11.2%
NewHoulka 668 710 626 11.8%
Okolona 3,267 3,056 2,692 11.9%
Woodland 182 159 125 21.4%

FINAL April 2014
B:3
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Chickasaw County is 37.7 years. The racial
characteristics of the county are presented in Table B.2. Whites make up a slight majority of the
populationinthecounty,withblacksaccountingfor42percentofthepopulation.
TABLEB.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
ChickasawCounty 54.0% 42.1% 0.1% 3.8% 3.7%
Houston 51.0% 41.4% 0.1% 7.4% 7.2%
NewHoulka 73.2% 23.9% 0.3% 2.6% 1.4%
Okolona 27.9% 70.0% 0.0% 2.0% 1.3%
Woodland 47.2% 48.0% 0.0% 4.8% 4.8%
B.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 7,514 housing units in Chickasaw County, the majority of
whicharesinglefamilyhomesormobilehomes.Housinginformationforthecountyandthreetownsis
presented in Table B.3. As shown in the table, the four incorporated municipalities have similar
percentagesofseasonalhousingunitscomparedtotheunincorporatedcounty.
TABLEB.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
ChickasawCounty 7,981 7,514 2.0% $62,300
Houston 1,721 1,556 1.3% $82,500
NewHoulka 319 297 2.7% $41,600
Okolona 1,315 1,222 1.1% $56,000
Woodland 60 66 0.0% $46,700
B.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
InChickasawCounty,StateHighway15providesaccesstothenorthandsouth.StateHighway8,which
crosses east and west, travels through Houston. State Highway 32 provides access to neighboring
CalhounCountyandMonroeCountyandpassesthroughNewHoulkaandOkolona.StateHighway245
runs through Okolona and connects to US 45. Additionally, the Natchez Trace Parkway, a 444mile
nationalparkwayrunningfromTennesseetoMississippi,traversesthecountyfromnorthtosouth.This
routehasbeeninusesincepreColonialtimesand includesexceptionalscenery,Indianburialmounds,
overlooks,hikingtrails,natureexhibits,andsitesofhistoricinterests.

FINAL April 2014
B:4
The Houston Municipal Airport provides limited local service and regional air travel connections are
available through Tupelo Regional Airport in Lee County as well as Golden Triangle Regional Airport in
Lowndes County. The closest international airport is in Memphis, approximately 100 miles away from
thecounty.
Rail service to the area is provided by Kansas City Southern Railway, but there is no passenger service
offeredatthistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Chickasaw County is provided by Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingtheCityofOkolona,FourCountyElectricPowerAssociation(EPA),NatchezTrace
EPA,PontotocEPA,andTombigbeeEPA.
WaterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheCityofHouston,CityofOkolona,andtheTown
ofNewHoulkaaswellasvarietyofliftstationsandruralwaterassociations.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Chickasaw County.
ThereisonehospitallocatedinChickasawCounty.TraceRegionalHospitalisan84bedmedicalsurgical
hospitallocatedintheCityofHouston.
RecreationalopportunitiesinChickasawCountyareenhancedbyTombigbeeNationalForest,Chickasaw
WildlifeManagementArea,DavisLake,NatchezTrackParkway,andJoeBriganceMemorialPark.The
TennesseeTombigbeeWaterwayisalsonearby.Thereareopportunitiesforhunting,hiking,swimming,
boating,fishing,biking,andhorsebackridingavailableinthecounty.
B.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Chickasaw County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
B.1.6 Employment and Industry
According to the Mississippi Employment Security Commission, in 2012, Chickasaw County had an
(compared to 9.2 percent for the state). In 2012, the Manufacturing industry employed the most
people,with64.6percentoftheworkforce,followedbyRetailTrade(17.2%)andAgriculture,Forestry,
FINAL April 2014
B:5
Fishing, and Hunting (4.2%). The average annual wage in 2012 for Chickasaw County was $30,108
comparedto$31,928fortheStateofMississippi.
B.2 CHICKASAW COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT
Identification as they pertain to Chickasaw County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
B.2.1 Flood
ThereareareasinChickasawCountythataresusceptibletofloodevents.Specialfloodhazardareasin
thecountyweremappedusingGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)andFEMADigitalFloodInsurance
Rate Maps (DFIRM).
1
This includes Zone A (1percent annual chance floodplain), Zone AE (1percent
annual chance floodplain with elevation), and the 0.2percent annual chance floodplain. According to
GISanalysis,ofthe507squaremilesthatmakeupChickasawCounty,thereare77squaremilesofland
inzonesAandAE(1percentannual chancefloodplain/100yearfloodplain)and0squaremilesofland
inthe0.2percentannualchancefloodplain(500yearfloodplain).
These flood zone values account for 15.2 percent of the total land area in Chickasaw County. It is
related losses often do occur outside of delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure B.2, Figure B.3,
FigureB.4,FigureB.5,andFigureB.6illustratethelocationandextentofcurrentlymappedspecialflood
hazardareasforChickasawCounty,theCityofHouston,theTownofNewHoulka,theCityofOkolona,
and the Village of Woodland based on best available FEMA Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM)
data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Chickasaw County were updated in 2010.

FINAL April 2014
B:6
FIGUREB.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCHICKASAWCOUNTY


FINAL April 2014
B:7
FIGUREB.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINHOUSTON

FINAL April 2014
B:8
FIGUREB.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINNEWHOULKA

FINAL April 2014
B:9
FIGUREB.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINOKOLONA


FINAL April 2014
B:10
FIGUREB.6:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINWOODLAND
Floods resulted in three disaster declarations in Chickasaw County in 1973, 1991, and 2011.
2

2
FINAL April 2014
B:11
NationalClimaticDataCenterreportedatotalof5eventsinChickasawCountysince1994.
3
Asummary
of these events is presented in Table B.4. These events accounted for approximately $4,000 (2013
dollars)inpropertydamageinthecounty.Specificinformationonfloodevents,includingdate,typeof
flooding,anddeathsandinjuries,canbefoundinTableB.5.
TABLEB.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Houston 2 0/0 $2,897
NewHoulka 0 0/0 $0
Okolona 2 0/0 $1,267
Woodland 0 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTYTOTAL 5 0/0 $4,164
TABLEB.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Houston
HOUSTON 27JUN99 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,513
HOUSTON 26SEP02 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,384
NewHoulka
NoneReported
Okolona
OKOLONA 05JUL05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,267
OKOLONA 25JUN10 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
Woodland
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 10FEB94 FLOOD 0/0 $0
reportedinChickasawCountythroughtheNationalFloodInsuranceProgram(NFIP)since1978,totaling
over$8,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableB.6.It
should be emphasized that these numbers include only those losses to structures that were insured
additionalinstancesoffloodlossinChickasawCountywereeitheruninsured,deniedclaimspayment,or
notreported.

3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
B:12
TABLEB.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Houston 2 $8,170
NewHoulka 0 $0
Okolona 0 $0
Woodland 0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTYTOTAL 2 $8,170
Source:FEMA,NFIP
AsofMay2013,thereisonenonmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedinChickasawCountywhich
accounted for two losses and approximately $8,000 in claims payments under the NFIP. The average
claimamountforthesepropertiesis$4,085.Thepropertyis24familyresidential.Withoutmitigation
this properties will likely continue to experience flood losses. Table B.7 presents detailed information
onrepetitivelosspropertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciesforChickasawCounty.
TABLEB.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Houston 1 124family 2 $8,170 $0 $8,170 $4,085
NewHoulka 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Okolona 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Woodland 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY
TOTAL
1 2 $8,170 $0 $8,170 $4,805
Flood events will remain a threat in Chickasaw County, and the probability of future occurrences will
propertiesthatriskvariesthroughoutthecounty.Forexample,thesoutheasternportionofthecounty
hasmorefloodplainandthusahigherriskoffloodthanthesouthwesternportionofthecounty.Flood
is not the greatest hazard of concern but will continue to occur and cause damage. Therefore,
mitigationactionsmaybewarranted,particularlyforrepetitivelossproperties.

FINAL April 2014
B:13
B.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Chickasaw County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concernforerosioninChickasawCountyareprimarilyriversandstreams.Generally,vegetationhelpsto
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in Chickasaw County. This includes searching
local newspapers, interviewing local officials, and reviewing previous hazard mitigation plans. No
historicalerosionoccurrenceswerefoundinthesesources.
Erosion remains a natural, dynamic, and continuous process forChickasaw County, and it will continue
to occur. The annual probability level assigned for erosion is possible (between 1 and 10 percent
annually).
B.2.3 Dam Failure
According to the Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality, there is one high hazard dam in
ChickasawCounty.
4
FigureB.7showsthelocationofthishighhazarddamandTableB.8listsitbyname.
According to a consensus of local government officials and the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council, a
majorityofthesedamswouldnotposeamajorthreatinabreachorfailureoccurrence.

4
FINAL April 2014
B:14
FIGUREB.7:CHICKASAWCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS

FINAL April 2014
B:15
TABLEB.8:CHICKASAWCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName
Hazard
Potential
ChickasawCounty
CHUQUATONCHEEWSSTR07DAM High
There is no record of dam breaches in Chickasaw County. However, several breach scenarios in the
countycouldbecatastrophic.
B.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Chickasaw County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
Winter weather has resulted in two disaster declarations in Chickasaw County in 1994 and 1999.
5
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalofsevenrecordedwinterstorm
events in Chickasaw County since 1994 (Table B.9).
6
These events resulted in over $212,000 (2013
dollars) in damages. Detailed information on the recorded winter storm events can be found in Table
B.10.
7

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Chickasaw County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
B:16
TABLEB.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEB.10:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Houston
NoneReported
NewHoulka
NoneReported
Okolona
NoneReported
Woodland
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 09FEB94 ICESTORM 0/0 $170,457
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 01FEB96 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $33,523
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 15JAN98 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $6,925
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 20DEC00 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $1,469
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 25JAN08 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 01MAR09 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
TherehavebeenseveralseverewinterweathereventsinChickasawCounty.Thetextbelowdescribes
one of the major events and associated impacts on the county. Similar impacts can be expected with
severewinterweather.
December1998

Winterstormsthroughoutthecountyhaveseveralnegativeexternalitiesincludinghypothermia,costof
snow and debris cleanup, business and government service interruption, traffic accidents, and power
outages.Furthermore,citizensmayresorttousinginappropriateheatingdevicesthatcouldtofireoran
accumulationoftoxicfumes.
ANNEX B: C
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap

PROBABI
Winter st
theannua
FIRER

B.2.5 D
LOCATIO
Drought a
politicalb
drought a
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
in ten of
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
CHICKASAW C
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
ILITYOFFUT
torm events w
alprobability
RELATED
Drought
ONANDSPA
and heat wa
boundaries.F
and heat wa
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
gtotheU.S.D
the last thirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLEB.
rmallyDry
OUNTY
al Hazard Mit
TUREOCCUR
will continue
islikely(betw
D HAZAR
TIALEXTENT
aves typically
Furthermore,
aves, making
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
DroughtMon
een years (20
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
11:HISTORI
ModerateDro
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source:U
tigation Plan
RRENCES
to occur in
ween10and
RDS
T
y cover a larg
itisassumed
the spatial
onstypicallyd
ions.
nitor,Chickasa
0002012). T
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
ICALDROUG
ughtSeve
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
U.S.DroughtMon
Chickasaw Co
100percent)
ge area and
dthatChicka
extent poten
donotcauses
awCountyha
Table B.11 sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
Chickasaw
EXCEPTIO
ABNOR
ABNOR
NON
NON
MODER
SEVE
EXCEPTIO
MODER
NON
SEVE
MODER
ABNOR
nitor
ounty. Acco
.
cannot be c
asawCountyw
ntially widesp
significantda
addroughtle
hows the mos
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
ENCESINCH
ExtremeDro
wCounty
ONAL
MAL
MAL
NE
NE
RATE
RE
ONAL
RATE
NE
RE
RATE
MAL
rding to histo
confined to a
wouldbeuni
pread. It is
amagetothe
evels(includin
st severe dro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
ICKASAWCO
oughtExc
orical inform
any geograph
formlyexpos
also notable
builtenviron
ngabnormally
ought classific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
OUNTY
eptionalDrough
B:17
ation,
hic or
sedto
e that
nment
ydry)
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
FINAL April 2014
B:18
Some additional anecdotal information was provided from the National Climatic Data Center on
droughtsinChickasawCounty.
August/September 2007 Rainfall was about two inches below normal for the month of August and
againinSeptember,increasingtheyearlydeficittoaround13to17inchesbelownormal.Thedrought
impacted agricultural and hydrological interests of the area. Burn bans in some locations were issued
duetothelackofrainfall.
HeatWave
county.
There were no reported extreme heat events for Chickasaw County according to the National Climatic
DataCenter.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatChickasawCountyhasaprobabilitylevel
of likely (10100 percent annual probability) for future drought events. However, the extent (or
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofChickasawCountyhasaprobability
B.2.6 Wildfire
FigureB.8showstheFireOccurrenceAreas(FOA)inChickasawCountybasedondatafromtheSouthern

FINAL April 2014
B:19
FIGUREB.8:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Chickasaw County
experiences an average of 7 wildfires annually which burn an average of 63 acres per year. The data
indicates that most of these fires are small, averaging nine acres per fire. Table B.12 provides a
summary of wildfire occurrences in Chickasaw County and Table B.13 lists the number of reported
wildfireoccurrencesinthecountybetweentheyears2002and2011.

FINAL April 2014
B:20
TABLEB.12:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Chickasaw
County
TABLEB.13:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
ChickasawCounty
Numberof
Fires
3 2 9 6 4 16 5 7 5 12
Numberof
Acres
Burned
52 18 77 134 27 186 11 18 27 76
WildfireeventswillbeanongoingoccurrenceinChickasawCounty.Thelikelihoodofwildfiresincreases
probabilityassignedtoChickasawCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

B.2.7 Earthquake
FigureB.9showstheintensitylevelassociatedwithChickasawCounty,basedonthenationalUSGSmap
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Chickasaw
FINAL April 2014
B:21
FIGUREB.9:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
At least four earthquakes are known to have affected Chickasaw County since 1886. The strongest of
thesemeasuredaIVontheModifiedMercalliIntensity(MMI)scale.TableB.14providesasummaryof
B.15 presents a detailed occurrence of each event including the date, distance for the epicenter,
magnitudeandModifiedMercalliIntensity(ifknown).
8

8
FINAL April 2014
B:22
TABLEB.14:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Houston 2 IV <4.8
NewHoulka 1 IV <4.8
Okolona 1 IV <4.8
Woodland 0
CHICKASAWCOUNTYTOTAL 4 IV(moderate) <4.8
TABLEB.15:SIGNIFICANTSEISMICEVENTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY(16381985)
Houston
Houston 9/1/1886 842.0km Unknown II
Houston 12/17/1931 76.0km Unknown IV
NewHoulka
Houlka 12/17/1931 72.0km Unknown IV
Okolona
Okolona 12/17/1931 96.0km Unknown IV
Woodland
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Chickasaw County is unlikely.
B.2.8 Landslide
steep slopes. Landslides are possible throughout Chickasaw County but there is a very low incidence
rateoflessthan1.5percentoftheareainvolved(accordingtotheUSGSdata).
According to Figure B.10 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that

FINAL April 2014
B:23
FIGUREB.10:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Source:USGS
There is no extensive history of landslides in Chickasaw County. Landslide events typically occur in
isolatedareas.

FINAL April 2014
B:24
eventsisunlikely(lessthan1percentprobability).TheUSGSdataindicatesthatallareasinChickasaw
of occurrence. It should also be noted that some areas in Chickasaw County have greater risk than
othersgivenfactorssuchassteepnessonslopeandmodificationofslopes.
B.2.9 Expansive Soils
DuetotheamountofclaymineralspresentinChickasawCounty,expansivesoilspresentathreattothe
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureB.11.Theareasinblueare
FIGUREB.11:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
B:25
There is no historical record of significant expansive soil events in Chickasaw County. However,
expansivesoilshavebeenknowntocauseconsiderabledamagetostructuralfoundationsinthecounty,
althoughtheyhavenotposedasignificantthreattohumanlife.
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

B.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felthundredsofmilesinlandandthey canaffectChickasawCounty.AllareasinChickasawCountyare
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 2 category 1 storms and 24 tropical
stormsasshowninFigureB.12.
9
Atotalofsixtrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrengthat
thetimetheytraversedthecounty.TableB.16providesthedetailforeachstormthatpassedthrough

9
FINAL April 2014
B:26
FIGUREB.12:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOF
CHICKASAWCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
B:27
TABLEB.16:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFCHICKASAWCOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
10
Hurricane
HurricaneIvanhadweakenedtoatropicalstormbeforebringingstrongwindstonortheastMississippi.
Sometreesandpowerlineswereblowndown.OnepersonwaskilledinLee Countywhenhecamein
contactwithanantennaloadedwithwiresaftertheantennahadbeenknockeddown.

10
FINAL April 2014
B:28
Theprobabilityofbeingimpactedislessthancoastalareas,butstillremainsarealthreattoChickasaw
area.
B.2.11 Thunderstorm
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Chickasaw County typically experiences several
assumed that Chickasaw County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumed that Chickasaw County is uniformly exposed to severe thunderstorms; therefore, all areas of
thecountyareequallyexposedtohailwhichmaybeproducedbysuchstorms.

FINAL April 2014
B:29
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofChickasawCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.
SeverestormsresultedinfivedisasterdeclarationsinChickasawCountyin1991,1992,2001,2003,and
2011.
11
1965 in Chickasaw County.
12
These events caused almost $816,000 (2013 dollars) in damages. There
werealsoreportsofoneinjury.TableB.17summarizesthisinformation.TableB.18presentsdetailed
event.
13
TABLEB.17:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESIN
CHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Houston 22 0/0 $356,862
NewHoulka 8 0/0 $29,005
Okolona 19 0/0 $253,590
Woodland 5 0/0 $49,615
TABLEB.18:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Houston
HOUSTON 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,360
HOUSTON 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
HOUSTON 08APR98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,744
HOUSTON 08NOV00 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $1,469
HOUSTON 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $20,159
HOUSTON 04AUG03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $13,439

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Chickasaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
B:30
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
HOUSTON 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $12,668
HOUSTON 21AUG05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $31,669
HOUSTON 14APR07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $131,346
HOUSTON 17AUG07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
HOUSTON 18OCT07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,970
HOUSTON 10MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
HOUSTON 10MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 40kts. 0/0 $11,593
HOUSTON 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
HOUSTON 06MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
HOUSTON 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
HOUSTON 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
NewHoulka
HOULKA 21APR97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $472
HOULKA 25OCT97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
HOULKA 05MAR04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $13,048
HOULKA 26JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $11,593
HOULKA 09DEC08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,319
HOULKA 08MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Okolona
OKOLONA 06MAR96 TSTMWIND 51kts. 0/0 $161
OKOLONA 20APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
OKOLONA 28MAY98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,744
OKOLONA 15JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $77,445
OKOLONA 10JUL98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,489
OKOLONA 12SEP04 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $1,305
OKOLONA 12SEP04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $13,048
OKOLONA 06AUG05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,334
OKOLONA 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $57,964
OKOLONA 05MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
OKOLONA 23APR10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
OKOLONA 27APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $0
Woodland
Woodland 09JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
WOODLAND 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,730
WOODLAND 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
B:31
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
UnincorporatedArea
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 11FEB65 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 17MAR65 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 29JUL66 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 27DEC68 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 08APR74 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 10JAN75 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 10JAN75 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 10SEP77 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 23NOV83 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 01AUG85 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 18MAY86 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 16NOV87 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
FINAL April 2014
B:32
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 03JUN91 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 02JUL91 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 21AUG93 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $875
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 09JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 26JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
EGYPT 25OCT97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,865
COUNTYWIDE 05JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,489
CHICKASAW 27FEB99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $60,504
COUNTYWIDE 05MAY03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $13,439
COUNTYWIDE 29APR06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,149
THORN 17AUG07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $8,358
BUENAVISTA 18AUG07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
PLEASANTRIDGE 24MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,319
THORN 05MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
TREBLOC 06MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
PLEASANTRIDGE 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
BUENAVISTA 19JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
VANFLEET 15APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
PYLAND 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/1 $0
ATLANTA 02MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $0
PYLAND 01JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
PARKERSBURG 06JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0

FINAL April 2014
B:33
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 42 recorded hailstorm events have affected Chickasaw
County since 1980.
14
Table B.19 is a summary of the hail events in Chickasaw County. Table B.20
provides detailed information about each event that occurred in the county. In all, hail occurrences
resultedinnearly$65,000(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.Hailrangedindiameterfrom0.75inches
to3.0inches.Itshouldbenotedthathailisnotoriousforcausingsubstantialdamagetocars,roofs,and
TABLEB.19:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Houston 13 0/0 $12,863
NewHoulka 4 0/0 $29
Okolona 13 0/0 $18,789
Woodland 4 0/0 $17,338
TABLEB.20:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Houston
Houston 01JUL94 1.00in. 0/0 $0
HOUSTON 01NOV97 1.00in. 0/0 $157
HOUSTON 19MAR98 1.75in. 0/0 $1,162
HOUSTON 15JUN98 1.00in. 0/0 $155
HOUSTON 30JAN99 1.00in. 0/0 $151
HOUSTON 01APR00 0.75in. 0/0 $29
HOUSTON 04APR01 0.75in. 0/0 $14
HOUSTON 05MAY03 0.88in. 0/0 $67
HOUSTON 04AUG03 0.75in. 0/0 $13
HOUSTON 01APR05 1.00in. 0/0 $190
HOUSTON 07APR06 1.00in. 0/0 $6,149
HOUSTON 28DEC07 1.75in. 0/0 $4,776
HOUSTON 10APR09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
NewHoulka
HOULKA 21APR97 0.75in. 0/0 $16
HOULKA 24APR03 0.75in. 0/0 $13
HOULKA 19APR09 0.88in. 0/0 $0
HOULKA 02MAR12 3.00in. 0/0 $0
Okolona
OKOLONA 06MAR96 1.00in. 0/0 $161
OKOLONA 14APR96 0.75in. 0/0 $16

14
hail events have affected Chickasaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
B:34
OKOLONA 01NOV97 1.75in. 0/0 $787
OKOLONA 06MAR98 1.00in. 0/0 $155
OKOLONA 15JUN98 0.75in. 0/0 $15
OKOLONA 17JAN99 0.75in. 0/0 $15
OKOLONA 24APR99 0.75in. 0/0 $15
OKOLONA 18FEB00 0.75in. 0/0 $15
OKOLONA 30APR02 1.75in. 0/0 $1,038
OKOLONA 01MAY03 1.00in. 0/0 $6,720
OKOLONA 05AUG05 0.75in. 0/0 $13
OKOLONA 07APR06 1.50in. 0/0 $9,839
OKOLONA 27APR11 3.00in. 0/0 $0
Woodland
WOODLAND 21APR97 1.75in. 0/0 $787
WOODLAND 02MAY97 0.88in. 0/0 $47
WOODLAND 25OCT97 1.75in. 0/0 $15,730
WOODLAND 05MAR98 1.50in. 0/0 $774
UnincorporatedArea
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 18JUL80 0.75in. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 04NOV88 1.75in. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 09MAR92 0.88in. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 30MAR92 0.88in. 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 10OCT92 1.75in. 0/0 $0
TREBLOC 25OCT97 1.75in. 0/0 $15,730
THORN 22JAN99 0.88in. 0/0 $76
COUNTYWIDE 05MAY03 0.75in. 0/0 $67
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there has been one recorded lightning event in
ChickasawCountysince1996.Thiseventresultedinapproximately$8,000(2013dollars)indamagesas
listedinsummaryTableB.21.
15
However,itislikelythatmorelightningeventshaveinfactimpactedthe
county. Many of the reported events are those that caused damage, and it should be expected that
damagesarelikelymuchhigherforthishazardthanwhatisreported.Detailedinformationonhistorical
lightningeventscanbefoundinTableB.22.
TABLEB.21:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Houston 1 0/0 $8,046
NewHoulka 0 0/0 $0
Okolona 0 0/0 $0
Woodland 0 0/0 $0

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Chickasaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
B:35
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEB.22:HISTORICALLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Houston
HOUSTON 12JUN96 0/0 $8,046 Ahousewasdamagedbyafirestartedbylightning.
NewHoulka
NoneReported
Okolona
NoneReported
Woodland
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Chickasaw County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
Lightning
Although there was not a high number of historical lightning events reported in Chickasaw County via
U.S. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN
), Chickasaw County is located in an area of the

country that experienced anaverageof6to8lightningflashes persquarekilometerper yearbetween
1997 and 2010. Therefore, the probability of future events is highly likely (100 percent annual
probability). It can be expected that future lightning events will continue to threaten life and cause
minorpropertydamagesthroughoutthecounty.

FINAL April 2014
B:36
B.2.12 Tornado
TornadoesoccurthroughoutthestateofMississippi,andthusinChickasawCounty.Tornadoestypically
Therefore,itisassumedthatChickasawCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in six disaster declarations in Chickasaw County in 1973, 1991, 1992, 2001, 2003,
and 2010.
16
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of 21 recorded
tornado events in Chickasaw County since 1953 (Table B.23), resulting in nearly $13.4 million (2013
dollars)inpropertydamages.
17
Inaddition,3fatalitiesand30injurieswerereported.Themagnitudeof
these tornadoes ranges from F0 to F3 in intensity, although an F5 event is possible. Detailed
informationonhistorictornadoeventscanbefoundinTableB.24.
TABLEB.23:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Houston 2 0/0 $1,350,065
NewHoulka 2 0/0 $104,779
Okolona 1 0/1 $852,283
Woodland 0 0/0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTYTOTAL 21 3/30 $13,362,596
TABLEB.24:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Houston
HOUSTON 07MAY03 F2 0/0 $1,343,916
ThetornadotoucheddownnearHoustonand
trackedeastsoutheastandeventuallycrossedin
MonroeCounty.Fortystructuresweredamaged
ordestroyed.
HOUSTON 07APR06 F0 0/0 $6,149
Thetornadobrieflytoucheddownnearthe
intersectionofHighway32andHighway15
betweenHoustonandNewHoulka.Treedamage
wasnotednearthewestendoftheTombigbee
NationalForest.

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Chickasaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
B:37
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
NewHoulka
HOULKA 30APR02 F0 0/0 $6,921
Thesamethunderstormcomplexthatproduceda
tornadoinPontotoccountyalsospawneda
tornadoinChickasawcounty.Thistornado
knockedsometreesdownacrossthenorthern
partofthecountyasittrackedeastsoutheast.
HOULKA 07DEC04 F2 0/0 $97,858
Thetornadotoucheddownjustnortheastof
Houlkaandmovednortheast.Fourhomeswere
heavilydamaged.Amotherandherchildwere
trappedinoneofthehomesbutwerenot
injured.Oneotherhomesufferedsomeshingle
damage.Numeroustreeswerealsoblowndown.
Okolona
Okolona 26JUN94 F1 0/1 $852,283
Thetornadodamagedtentofifteenhomes.One
homeandonemobilehomeweredestroyed.A
tractorsemitrailerwasoverturned.Oneperson
inamobilehomewasinjured.Herinjurieswere
notserious.
Woodland
None
Reported
UnincorporatedArea
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 20FEB53 F1 0/0 $23,663
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 27JUN57 F0 0/0 $22,474
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 13JUL69 F1 0/0 $0
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 12MAR75 F2 0/0 $1,172,821
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 12SEP82 F1 0/0 $65,411
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 19JAN88 F3 0/0 $5,335,446
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 22DEC88 F1 0/0 $53,352
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 22DEC88 F1 0/0 $53,352
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 22DEC88 F1 0/0 $533,525
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 05MAY91 F1 0/0 $463,453
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 22NOV92 F1 0/0 $449,975
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 22NOV92 F0 0/0 $44,997
CHICKASAW
COUNTY 22NOV92 F1 0/2 $449,975
FINAL April 2014
B:38
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
THORN 02APR09 F0 0/0 $0
Atornadotoucheddownbrieflyaroundthe
intersectionofCountyRoad405andCountyRoad
20nearThorn.Thetornadowasanon
continuoustrackforalittleoverahalfmile.Trees
andpowerlineswereknockeddownbythe
tornado.
ATLANTA 27APR11 F3 3/25 $2,121,800
AstrongtornadocrossedintoChickasawCounty
fromCalhounCountyandcontinuedtomove
northeast.TheAnchorcommunitywasthe
hardesthitareawhereonedeathoccurred.An
additionaltwodeathsoccurredeastofHouston.
Intotal,seventyfourhomesweredestroyedwith
anadditionalninetytwosustainingmajor
damage.Atotaloftwentyfivemobilehomes
weredestroyedwithandanadditionalfifteen
sustainingmajordamage.Numerousother
homesandmobilehomessustainedminor
damage.Numeroustreesandpowerlineswere
knockeddowninthearea.Atotaloftwentyfive
injuriesoccurredfromthetornado.Thetornado
continuednortheastandcrossedintoMonroe
County.
MCCONDY 27APR11 F3 0/2 $265,225
AnEF3tornadomovednortheastoutofClay
County,MississippiintoChickasawCountyjust
southofTrebloc.ThetornadoweakenedtoanEF
1asitmovedintoChickasawCounty.Onehome
wasdestroyedwhichresultedintwoinjuries.
Severalotherhomessustainedminordamage
fromfallentrees.Abarnwasdamagedandtrees
wereuprootednearHighway8andHighway47.
Numeroustreeswereknockeddownalongthe
path.Thetornadocontinuednortheastinto
MonroeCounty,Mississippi.
statesofAlabamaandMississippi.Duringthisoutbreak,twoF3tornadoeswerereportedinChickasaw
County on April 27, 2011. These tornadoes resulted in 3 fatalities, 27 injuries, and nearly $2.4 million
(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.
Accordingtohistoricalinformation,tornadoeventsposeasignificantthreattoChickasawCounty.The
probabilityoffuturetornadooccurrencesaffectingChickasawCountyislikely(10100percentannual
probability).

FINAL April 2014
B:39
B.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
ChickasawCountyhasoneTRIsite.ThissiteisshowninFigureB.13.
FIGUREB.13:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Source:EPA
FINAL April 2014
B:40
TherehavebeenatotalofsixrecordedHAZMATincidentsinChickasawCountysince1973(TableB.25),
resultingin$10,700inpropertydamages.TableB.26presentsdetailedinformationonhistoricHAZMAT
incidents in Chickasaw County as reported by the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and
HazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration(PHMSA).
TABLEB.25:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Houston 4 0/0 $10,700
NewHoulka 0 0/0 $0
Okolona 1 0/0 $0
Woodland 0 0/0 $0
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEB.26:HAZMATINCIDENTSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Houston
E2005100066 9/9/2005 HOUSTON Highway No 0/0 $0 100LGA
I1974010236 12/28/1973 HOUSTON Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I1996040312 3/26/1996 HOUSTON Highway No 0/0 $10,700 5LGA
I2002061396 4/19/2002 HOUSTON Highway No 0/0 $0 100SLB
NewHoulka
NoneReported
Okolona
I1979091007 8/2/1979 OKOLONA Highway Yes 0/0 $0 4,300LGA
Woodland
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
I1993060702 6/9/1993 VANVLEET Highway No 0/0 $0 15LGA
Source:USDOTPHMSA
GiventhelocationofonetoxicreleaseinventorysiteinChickasawCountyandseveralroadwayandrail
incidents, it is possible that a hazardous material incident may occur in the county (between one
FINAL April 2014
B:41
percent and ten percent annual probability). County and town officials are mindful of this possibility
andtakeprecautionstopreventsuchaneventfromoccurring.Furthermore,therearedetailedplansin
placetorespondtoanoccurrence.
Although there is just one TRI site and a limited record of previous events in the county, hazardous
B.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemics are global in nature. However, they may start anywhere. Chickasaw County chose to
analyzethishazardgiventhelargenumberofpoultryfarmsinthearea.Poultryhasservedashostfor
virusesthatultimatelymutatetoinfecthumans.
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th

18
FINAL April 2014
B:42
State,"onOctober4
th
widelyrecorded.
19
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatChickasawCountyhasaprobabilitylevel
of unlikely (less than 1 percent annual probability) for future pandemics events. While pandemic can
havedevastatingimpacts,theyarerelativelyrare.


19
FINAL April 2014
B:43
B.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk
HAZARDEXTENT
TableB.27describestheextentofeachnaturalhazardidentifiedforChickasawCounty.Theextentofa
TABLEB.27:EXTENTOFCHICKASAWCOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor15.2percentofthetotallandareainChickasawCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheCowbellCreeknearHoulkain1955.Water
reachedadischargeof380cubicfeetpersecondandthestreamgageheightwas
recordedat7.67feet.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinChickasawCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).OnedamisclassifiedashighhazardinChickasaw
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).Officiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasin
ChickasawCounty.However,thegreatestsnowfallreportedinJackson
(southwestofthecounty)was11.7inchesin1904andinMeridian(southofthe
county)was14.0inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.ChickasawCountyhasreceived
thisrankingtwiceoverthethirteenyearreportingperiod.
(southwestofthecounty)was107Fin2000andinMeridian(southofthe
FINAL April 2014
B:44
Wildfire
occurinChickasawCountyinanyyearwas16in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromChickasawCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
Houston,NewHoulka,andOkolonawithaMMIofIV(moderate)witha
correlatingRichterScalemeasurementoflessthan4.8.
Landslide
inChickasawCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinChickasawCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinChickasaw
County.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughChickasawCountywasatropicalstorm
(unnamedstormsin1881,1916,1923,and1948)whichcarriedtropicalforce
windsof46milesperhouruponarrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinChickasawCountywasreportedon
April27,2011at70knots(approximately81mph).Itshouldbenotedthatfuture
eventsmayexceedthesehistoricaloccurrences.
reportedinChickasawCountywas3.0inches(lastreportedonMarch2,2012).It
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),ChickasawCountyis
figures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinChickasawCountywasanF3(last
FINAL April 2014
B:45
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis4,300LGAreleasedonthehighwayinOkolona.Itshouldbenoted
thatlargereventsarepossible.
Pandemic
life.
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskforChickasawCounty,theresults
of the hazard profiling process were used to generate countywide hazard classifications according to a
Section5.16.2.
Table B.28 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEB.28:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
WindrelatedHazards
FINAL April 2014
B:46
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
B.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
TheconclusionsdrawnfromthehazardprofilingprocessforChickasawCounty,includingthePRIresults
identifiedhazardaccordingtothreecategories:HighRisk,ModerateRisk,andLowRisk(TableB.29).For
purposes of these classifications, risk is expressed in relative terms according to the estimated impact
that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Chickasaw County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionB.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
TABLEB.29:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORCHICKASAWCOUNTY
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
B:47
B.3 CHICKASAW COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
ThissubsectionidentifiesandquantifiesthevulnerabilityofChickasawCountytothesignificanthazards
B.3.1 Asset Inventory
TableB.30liststheestimatednumber ofimprovedpropertiesandthetotalvalueofimprovementsfor
Chickasaw County and its participating jurisdictions (study area of vulnerability assessment). This data
wasobtainedfromHazusMH2.1sincedigitalparceldatawasnotavailableinthiscounty
TABLEB.30:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Improved
Properties
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Houston* 2,181 $661,134,000
NewHoulka* 555 $112,407,000
Okolona* 1,660 $610,042,000
Woodland* 42 $53,646,000
CHICKASAWCOUNTYTOTAL 9,190 $2,093,062,000
Table B.31 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities, and schools Chickasaw County. Hazus 2.1 was used to obtain the critical facilities for the
county and this data was updated to reflect current conditions. In addition, Figure B.14 shows the
locations of essential facilities in Chickasaw County. Table B.45, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLEB.31:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Houston 1 1 1 0 6
NewHoulka 0 1 0 0 1
Okolona 1 1 0 0 3
Woodland 0 0 0 0 0
CHICKASAWCOUNTYTOTAL 2 3 1 0 10
Source:HazusMH

FINAL April 2014
B:48
FIGUREB.14:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
B.3.2 Social Vulnerability
and assess those particular segments of the resident population in Chickasaw County that are
Table B.32 lists the population by jurisdiction according to U.S. Census 2010 population estimates.
Unfortunately,estimateswerenotavailableatthecensusblocklevel,limitedtheresultstocountywide
estimates. The total population in Chickasaw County according to Census data is 17,392 persons.
AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionB.1.

FINAL April 2014
B:49
TABLEB.32:TOTALPOPULATIONINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Houston 3,623
NewHoulka 626
Okolona 2,692
Woodland 125
CHICKASAWCOUNTYTOTAL 17,392
Inaddition,FigureB.15illustratesthepopulationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
20

20

FINAL April 2014
B:50
FIGUREB.15:POPULATIONDENSITYINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
B.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Chickasaw County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
TableB.30.

FINAL April 2014
B:51
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableB.41.
FLOOD
HistoricalevidenceindicatesthatChickasawCountyissusceptibletofloodevents.Atotaloffiveflood
events have been reported by the National Climatic Data Center resulting in $4,164 (2013 dollars) in
damages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$365forChickasawCounty.
TABLEB.33:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Houston N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
NewHoulka N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Okolona N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Woodland N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
CHICKASAWCOUNTY
TOTAL
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SocialVulnerability
on population atrisk to flood due to tract level population data. Figure B.16 is presented to gain a

FINAL April 2014
B:52
FIGUREB.16:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisrevealedthatthereareanocriticalfacilitieslocatedintheChickasawCounty
TableB.42attheendofthissection.
Chickasaw County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
FINAL April 2014
B:53
WILDFIRE
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceindicatesthatChickasawCountyissusceptibletowildfireevents,thereare
somewhat lower than that of parcel data. For the critical facility analysis, areas of concern were
Figure B.17 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county containssomelandswherethevaluefallsintotheatriskcategory.ChickasawCountyhasvery
ChickasawCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableB.33showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
B:54
FIGUREB.17:WILDFIRERISKAREASINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
TABLEB.34:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
Houston 0 $0
NewHoulka 0 $0
Okolona 0 $0
Woodland 0 $0
FINAL April 2014
B:55
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
CHICKASAWCOUNTY
TOTAL
35
$4,133,000
areas.Whilethejurisdictionsreportafairlylowlevelofconcern,eachshouldmindfulthatthereissome
susceptibilitytowildfireifitweretospreadfromunincorporatedareas.
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableB.42
facilities,andpopulationsinChickasawCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
21
TableB.34summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEB.35:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
Source:HazusMH2.1

21
FINAL April 2014
B:56
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.
populations in Chickasaw County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
from an earthquake occurrence. While Chickasaw County may not experience a large earthquake (the
greatest on record is a magnitude IV MMI), localized damage is possible with an occurrence. A list of
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableB.42attheendofthissection.
Historical evidence indicates that Chickasaw County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
trackshavecomenearortraversedthroughthecounty,asshownanddiscussedinSectionB.2.10.
22
forthecountyasshownbelowinTableB.35.Only
TABLEB.36:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableB.36.
TABLEB.37:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
ChickasawCounty $0 $2,092,971,000 0.00%

22
FINAL April 2014
B:57
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
Given equal vulnerability across Chickasaw County, all critical facilities are considered to be at risk.
Some buildings may perform better than others in the face of such an event due to construction and
age, among other factors. Determining individual building response is beyond the scope of this plan.
TableB.42attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinChickasawCounty.
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceandexistingToxicReleaseInventorysitesindicatethatChickasawCountyis
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforChickasawCounty.
referenced TRI listed toxic sites in Chickasaw County, along with buffers, were used for analysis as
shown in Figure B.18. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and
impact people and buildings, were used for the GIS buffer analysis. Figure B.19 shows the areas used
FINAL April 2014
B:58
propertiesandimprovedvalue,asshowninTableB.37(fixedsites)andTableB.38(mobilesites).
23
FIGUREB.18:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEB.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Houston* 213 $272,021,000 1,865 $598,001,000
NewHoulka* 0 $0 0 $0
Okolona* 0 $0 0 $0
Woodland 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea* 0 $0 33 $6,616,000
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 213 $272,021,000 1,898 $604,617,000

23
FINAL April 2014
B:59
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
TOTAL
*IMPROVEMENTVALUESFORTHESECOMMUNITIESWEREOBTAINEDFROMHAZUSMHATTHECENSUSBLOCKLEVEL.
Source:TRIInventoryandHazusMH

FINAL April 2014
B:60
FIGUREB.19:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINCHICKASAWCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
B:61
TABLEB.39:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Houston 0 $0 0 $0
NewHoulka 0 $0 0 $0
Okolona 932 $256,214,000 4,844 $1,133,174,000
Woodland 0 $0 0 $0
CHICKASAWCOUNTY
TOTAL
1,108 $277,905,000 6,483 $1,365,463,000
Source:HazusMH
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for fixed TRI sites revealed that there are six Chickasaw County facilities
locatedinaHAZMATriskzone.Allofthesefacilitiesarelocatedinthesecondary,2,500meterzone.A
list of specific critical facilities and their associated risk can be found in Table B.42 at the end of this
section.
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Chickasaw County revealed that there are 5
critical facilities located in the primary and secondary mobile HAZMAT buffer areas. This includes two
located in the primary buffer area. A list of specific critical facilities and their associated risk can be
foundinTableB.42attheendofthissection.
buildings,criticalfacilities,andpopulationsinChickasawCounty.Thoseareasinaprimarybufferareat
Table B.39 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Chickasaw County. Due to the
FINAL April 2014
B:62
region.
TABLEB.40:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORCHICKASAWCOUNTY
Event
Chickasaw
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $365
Erosion Negligible
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $111,000
Expansive Negligible
WindrelatedHazards
ThunderstormWind/HighWind $44,286
Hail $3,349
Lightning $473
Tornado $373,647
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableB.40showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
B:63


FINAL April 2014
B:64
TABLEB.41:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINCHICKASAWCOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
4
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CHICKASAWCOUNTY

HoulkaPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X
HoulkaAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X
HoustonFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
TraceRegionalHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X
ChickasawCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonJuniorHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
HoustonLowerElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
HoustonUpperElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
HoustonVocCenter School
X X X X X X X X
OkolonaFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X

24


FINAL April 2014
B:65

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
4
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
OkolonaPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OkolonaElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
OkolonaHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
OkolonaVocComplex School
X X X X X X X X X


FINAL April 2014
B:66
B.4 CHICKASAW COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
Thissubsectiondiscusses the capabilityofChickasawCountytoimplementhazardmitigationactivities.

B.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableB.41providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
underdevelopmentforChickasawCounty.Acheckmark()indicatesthatthegivenitemiscurrentlyin
MitigationPlan.
TABLEB.42:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
CHICKASAW
COUNTY

Houston
NewHoulka
Okolona
Woodland
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
Chickasaw County has previously adopted a hazard mitigation plan. The City of Houston, the Town of
NewHoulka,theCityofOkolona,andtheVillageofWoodlandwerealsoincludedinthisplan.

FINAL April 2014
B:67
Chickasaw County maintains an emergency operations plan through its Emergency Management
Agency. The Town City of Houston, the Town of New Houlka, the City of Okolona, and the Village of
Woodlandareeachcoveredbythisplan.
GENERALPLANNING
Chickasaw County has not adopted a county comprehensive land use plan. However, the City of
Okolonaadoptedacomprehensivedevelopmentplanin1970.
ZoningOrdinance
ChickasawCountydoesnothaveazoningordinanceinplace.However,theCityofHoustonandtheCity
ofOkolonahaveeachadoptedazoningordinance.
Chickasaw County does not have a subdivision ordinance in place. However, the City of Okolona
adoptedsubdivisionregulationsin1970.
ChickasawCountyhasnotadoptedabuildingcode.However,theCityofOkolonahasadoptedbuilding
codes.
Table B.42 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Chickasaw
County.
TABLEB.43:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 9/1/08 1/6/10(M) 3 $495,000 0 $0
Houston 9/4/85 1/6/10(M) 11 $882,600 2 $8,170
NewHoulka 1/6/10 1/6/10(M) 0 $0 0 $0
Okolona 9/4/85 1/6/10(M) 1 $108,800 0 $0
Woodland 1/6/10 (NSFHA) 0 $0 0 $0
(NSFHA)NoSpecialFloodHazardAreaAllZoneC

FINAL April 2014
B:68
ordinance. Chickasaw County, the City of Houston, the Town of New Houlka, the City of Okolona, and
the Village of Woodland all participate in the NFIP and have adopted flood damage prevention
ordinances.
B.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
TableB.43providesasummaryofthecapabilityassessmentresultsforChickasawCountywithregardto
TABLEB.44:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
CHICKASAW
COUNTY

Houston
NewHoulka
Okolona
Woodland

FINAL April 2014
B:69
B.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table B.44 provides a summary of the results for Chickasaw County with regard to relevant fiscal
TABLEB.45:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
CHICKASAW
COUNTY

Houston
NewHoulka
Okolona
Woodland
B.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Chickasaw County is more
B.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table B.45 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology

FINAL April 2014
B:70
TABLEB.46:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
CHICKASAWCOUNTY 21 Moderate
Houston 18 Limited
NewHoulka 15 Limited
Okolona 23 Moderate
Woodland 15 Limited
B.5 CHICKASAW COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
This subsection provides the blueprint for Chickasaw County to follow in order to become less
vulnerabletoitsidentifiedhazards.ItisbasedongeneralconsensusoftheRegionalHazardMitigation
Council and the findings and conclusions of the capability assessment and risk assessment. Additional
InformationcanbefoundinSection8:MitigationStrategyandSection9:MitigationActionPlan.
B.5.1 Mitigation Goals
ChickasawCountydevelopedsevenmitigationgoalsincoordinationwiththeotherparticipatingMEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableB.46.
TABLEB.47:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6

FINAL April 2014
B:71
B.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
The mitigation actions proposed by Chickasaw County, the City of Houston, the Town of New Houlka,
theCityofOkolona,andtheVillageofWoodlandarelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationAction
Plans.

FINAL April 2014
B:72
Chickasaw County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Pending
Lackoffunding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
B:73
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoing
Asneededand
requested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoing
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoing
PendingFEMA
fundingavailable
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:74
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:75
City of Houston Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
DeferredDueto
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
B:76
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Ongoingasneeded
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
ImplementedPending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:78
Town of New Houlka Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferredduetolocal
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
B:79
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedas
neededorrequested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedpending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:80
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:81
City of Okolona Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferredduetolocal
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
B:82
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedas
neededand
requested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedpending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:83
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA 2014 Implemented
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented


FINAL April 2014
B:84
Village of Woodland Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferredduetolocal
funding
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
B:85
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedas
neededand
requested
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implementedpending
FEMAfunding
available
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
B:86
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented

Annex C
Choctaw County
FINAL April 2014
C:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Choctaw County and its participating
C.1ChoctawCountyCommunityProfile
C.2ChoctawCountyRiskAssessment
C.3ChoctawCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
C.4ChoctawCountyCapabilityAssessment
C.5ChoctawCountyMitigationStrategy
C.1 CHOCTAW COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

C.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Choctaw County is located in north central Mississippi. It comprises three towns, the Town of
Ackerman, the Town of French Camp, and the Town of Weir, as well as a couple small unincorporated
communities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureC.1.
The county is rural area ideally situated between Mississippi State University and Interstate 55. The
totalareaofthecountyis420squaremiles,2squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
ANNEX C: CHOCTAW COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
C:2
FIGUREC.1:CHOCTAWCOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
C.1.2 Population and Demographics
Accordingtothe2010Census,ChoctawCountyhasapopulationof8,547people.Thecountyhasseen
around12%declineinpopulationbetween2000and2010,andthepopulationdensityis20peopleper
bothoftheparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableC.1.
FINAL April 2014
C:3
TABLEC.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
ChoctawCounty 9,071 9,758 8,547 12.4%
Ackerman 1,573 1,696 1,510 11.0%
FrenchCamp 320 393 174 55.7%
Weir 525 553 459 17.0%
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Choctaw County is 41.9 years. The racial
characteristicsofthecountyarepresentedinTableC.2.Whitesmakeupthemajorityofthepopulation
inthecounty,accountingforjustover68percentofthepopulation.
TABLEC.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
ChoctawCounty 68.4% 30.1% 0.2% 1.3% 0.9%
Ackerman 57.3% 41.5% 0.1% 1.1% 0.3%
FrenchCamp 93.7% 4.6% 0.0% 1.7% 5.7%
Weir 42.9% 56.6% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0%
C.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 4,150 housing units in Choctaw County, the majority of
presentedinTableC.3.Asshowninthetable,AckermanandWeirhaveaslightlylowerpercentageof
seasonalhousingunitscomparedtotheunincorporatedcounty.
TABLEC.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
ChoctawCounty 4,249 4,150 5.3% $68,800
Ackerman 781 724 2.5% $80,100
FrenchCamp 74 66 6.1% $236,400
Weir 234 236 2.1% $50,900

FINAL April 2014
C:4
C.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Choctaw County, State Highways 9 and 15 traverse Ackerman and provide access to the north and
south,linkingthecountytoWebsterCountyandWinstonCounty.StateHighway12,whichcrosseseast
and west, travels through Weir and Ackerman and provides access to neighboring Attala County and
OktibbehaCounty.Additionally,theNatchezTraceParkway,a444milenationalparkwayrunningfrom
Tennessee to Mississippi, traverses the county from north to south and passes through French Camp.
This route has been in use since preColonial times and includes exceptional scenery, Indian burial
mounds,overlooks,hikingtrails,natureexhibits,andsitesofhistoricinterests.
TheAckermanChoctawCountyAirportprovideslimitedlocalserviceandregionalairtravelconnections
are available through Golden Triangle Regional Airport in Lowndes County. The closest international
airportistheJacksonEversInternationalAirport,approximately100milesawayfromthecounty.
offeredatthistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Choctaw County is provided by Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingFourCountyElectricPowerAssociation(EPA),DeltaEPA,EastMississippiEPA,and
Entergy.
Waterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheseveralruralwaterassociations,buttheprimary
supplier toindustrialsites andbuildingsistheChoctawWaterAssociation.TheCityofEuporaandthe
CityofMcCoolalsoprovidewaterutilityservicestoresidentsinthecounty.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Choctaw County.
Accordingtothedatacollectedforthevulnerabilityassessment(Section6.4.1),thereare1firestation,
ThereisonehospitallocatedinChoctawCounty.ChoctawCountyMedicalCenterisa25bedmedical
surgicalhospitallocatedintheCityofAckerman.
RecreationalopportunitiesinChoctawCountyareprovidedbytheTombigbeeNationalForest,Choctaw
Lake,NatchezTraceParkway,TomGlasgowPark,andJeffBusbyPark.Activitiesofferedinclude
swimming,fishing,boating,camping,picnicking,hiking,biking,andhunting.
C.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Choctaw County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
FINAL April 2014
C:5
C.1.6 Employment and Industry
AccordingtotheMississippiEmploymentSecurityCommission,in2012,ChoctawCountyhadanaverage
9.2 percent for the state). In 2012, the Education Services industry employed 31.6 percent of the
workforce followed by Manufacturing (27.8%) and Retail Trade (12.4%). The average annual wage in
2012forChoctawCountywas$34,320comparedto$37,440fortheStateofMississippi.
C.2 CHOCTAW COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT
Identification as they pertain to Choctaw County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
C.2.1 Flood
There are areas in Choctaw County that are susceptible to flood events. Special flood hazard areas in
Rate Maps (DFIRM).
1
GISanalysis,ofthe418squaremilesthatmakeupChoctawCounty,thereare53squaremilesoflandin
zonesAandAE(1percentannualchancefloodplain/100yearfloodplain)and0.1squaremilesoflandin
These flood zone values account for 12.7 percent of the total land area in Choctaw County. It is
related losses often do occur outside of delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure C.2, Figure C.3,
Figure C.4, and Figure C.5 illustrate the location and extent of currently mapped special flood hazard
areasforChoctawCountyandtheTownofAckerman,theTownofFrenchCamp,andtheTownofWeir
basedonbestavailableFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Choctaw County were updated in 2007.

FINAL April 2014
C:6
FIGUREC.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCHOCTAWCOUNTY


FINAL April 2014
C:7
FIGUREC.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINACKERMAN


FINAL April 2014
C:8
FIGUREC.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINFRENCHCAMP


FINAL April 2014
C:9
FIGUREC.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINWEIR


FINAL April 2014
C:10
FloodsresultedinthreedisasterdeclarationsinChoctawCountyin1979,1991,and2011.
2
Information
from the National Climatic Data Center was used to ascertain historical flood events. The National
ClimaticDataCenterreportedatotalof11eventsinChoctawCountysince1997.
3
Asummaryofthese
events is presented in Table C.4. These events accounted for more than $1.1 million (2013 dollars) in
anddeathsandinjuries,canbefoundinTableC.5.
TABLEC.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Ackerman 3 0/0 $13,048
FrenchCamp 1 0/0 $530,450
Weir 1 0/0 $368,962
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 11 0/0 $1,134,017
TABLEC.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Ackerman
ACKERMAN 20JUN97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 30JUN04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $13,048
ACKERMAN 08JUL04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
FrenchCamp
FRENCHCAMP 15APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $530,450
Weir
WEIR 15OCT06 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 4368,962
UnincorporatedArea
COUNTYWIDE 06APR03 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $67,196
SHERWOOD 14JUL05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $19,002
SOUTHPORTION 29AUG05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $126,677
CHESTER 24SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,377
ACKERMANCHOCTAWARP 21JUL11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $5,305
SHERWOOD 09AUG12 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
According to FEMA flood insurance policy records as of March 2013, there has been 1 flood loss
reported in Choctaw County through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since 1978, totaling

2
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
C:11
over$68,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableC.6.It
additionalinstancesoffloodlossinChoctawCountywereeitheruninsured,denied claims payment,or
notreported.
TABLEC.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Ackerman 1 $68,613
FrenchCamp*
Weir*
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 1 $68,613
Source:FEMA,NFIP
AsofMay2013,therearenononmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedinChoctawCounty.Table
C.7presentsdetailedinformationonrepetitivelosspropertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciesforChoctaw
County.
TABLEC.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Ackerman 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
FrenchCamp*
Weir*
CHOCTAWCOUNTY
TOTAL
0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Flood events will remain a threat in Choctaw County, and the probability of future occurrences will
properties that risk varies throughout the county. For example, the southern half of the county has
more floodplain and thus a higher risk of flood than the northern half of the county. Flood is not the
FINAL April 2014
C:12
C.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Choctaw County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concernforerosioninChickasawCountyareprimarilyriversandstreams.Generally,vegetationhelpsto
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in Choctaw County. This includes searching
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessforChoctawCounty,anditwillcontinueto
C.2.3 Dam Failure
According to the Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality, there are three high hazard dams in
ChoctawCounty.
4
FigureC.6showsthelocationofeachofthese highhazard damsandTableC.8 lists
them by name. According to a consensus of local government officials and the Regional Hazard
Mitigation Council, a majority of these dams would not pose a major threat in a breach or failure
occurrence.

4
FINAL April 2014
C:13
FIGUREC.6:CHOCTAWCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS

FINAL April 2014
C:14
TABLEC.8:CHOCTAWCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName
Hazard
Potential
ChoctawCounty
There is no record of dam breaches in Choctaw County. However, several breach scenarios in the
C.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Choctaw County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
WinterweatherhasresultedinonedisasterdeclarationinChoctawCountyin1999.
5
Accordingto the
National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of six recorded winter storm events in Choctaw
County since 1996 (Table C.9).
6
These events resulted in over $1.2 million (2013 dollars) in damages.
DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableC.10.
7

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Choctaw County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
C:15
TABLEC.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEC.10:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Ackerman
NoneReported
FrenchCamp
NoneReported
Weir
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 01FEB96 ICESTORM 0/0 $160,911
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $829,407
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 21DEC00 ICESTORM 0/0 $1,962
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $92,431
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 20FEB06 ICESTORM 0/0 $158,193
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 07JAN10 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $5,464
There have been several severe winter weather events in Choctaw County. The text below describes
two of the major events and associated impacts on the county. Similar impacts can be expected with
December1998
January2000
ANNEX C: C
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
Winterst
cost of sn
power ou
fireoran

PROBABI
Winterst
annualpr
FIRER

C.2.5 D
LOCATIO
Drought a
political b
drought a
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
twelveof
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
CHOCTAW COU
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
ormsthrough
now and deb
utages. Furth
accumulation
ILITYOFFUT
ormeventsw
obabilityislik
RELATED
Drought
ONANDSPA
and heat wa
boundaries.
and heat wa
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
gtotheU.S.D
fthelastthirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLEC.
rmallyDry
UNTY
al Hazard Mit
houttheplan
ris cleanup, b
hermore, citiz
noftoxicfum
TUREOCCUR
willcontinue
kely(between
D HAZAR
TIALEXTENT
aves typically
Furthermore,
aves, making
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
DroughtMon
teenyears(2
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
11:HISTOR
ModerateDro
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
tigation Plan
nningareaha
business and
zens may res
mes.
RRENCES
tooccurinC
n10and100
RDS
T
y cover a larg
, it is assume
the spatial
onstypicallyd
ions.
itor,Choctaw
20002012).T
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
RICALDROUG
ughtSeve
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
aveseveralne
government
ort to using i
hoctawCoun
percent).
ge area and
ed that Choct
extent poten
donotcauses
wCountyhad
TableC.11sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
ChoctawC
EXCEPTIO
MODER
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
ABNOR
SEVE
EXCEPTIO
MODER
ABNOR
egativeexter
t service inte
inappropriate
nty.Accordin
cannot be c
taw County w
ntially widesp
significantda
droughtleve
howsthemo
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
RENCESINCH
ExtremeDro
County
ONAL
RATE
MAL
NE
MAL
MAL
RE
ONAL
RATE
MAL
rnalitiesinclu
erruption, traf
e heating dev
ngtohistorica
confined to a
would be unif
pread. It is
amagetothe
els(including
stseveredro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
HOCTAWCO
oughtExc
dinghypothe
ffic accidents
vices that cou
alinformation
any geograph
formly expos
also notable
builtenviron
abnormallyd
ought classific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
UNTY
eptionalDrough
C:16
ermia,
s, and
uld to
n,the
hic or
sed to
e that
nment
dry)in
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
FINAL April 2014
C:17
There were no reported drought events for Choctaw County according to the National Climatic Data
Center.
HeatWave
county.
straightdays.
lastedfromAugust5
th
tothe16
th
.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatChoctawCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofChoctawCountyhasaprobability
C.2.6 Wildfire
2010 SEVERE
2011 MODERATE
2012 ABNORMAL
FINAL April 2014
C:18
FigureC.7showstheFireOccurrenceAreas(FOA)inChoctawCountybasedondatafromtheSouthern
FIGUREC.7:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Choctaw County
indicates that most of these fires are small, averaging seven acres per fire. Table C.12 provides a
FINAL April 2014
C:19
summaryofwildfireoccurrencesinChoctawCountyandTableC.13liststhenumberofreportedwildfire
TABLEC.12:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Choctaw
County
TABLEC.13:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
ChoctawCounty
Numberof
Fires
27 7 20 22 20 23 12 10 9 17
Numberof
Acres
Burned
73 27 137 73 349 110 121 55 94 82
Wildfireeventswillbean ongoingoccurrenceinChoctawCounty.Thelikelihoodofwildfiresincreases
probabilityassignedtoChoctawCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

C.2.7 Earthquake
Figure C.8 shows the intensity level associated with Choctaw County, based on the national USGS map
FINAL April 2014
C:20
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Choctaw
FIGUREC.8:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
At least one earthquake is known to have affected Choctaw County since 1931. This earthquake
measured a IV on the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale. Table C.14 provides a summary of
C.15 presents a detailed occurrence of each event including the date, distance for the epicenter,
magnitude,andModifiedMercalliIntensity(ifknown).
8

8
FINAL April 2014
C:21
TABLEC.14:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Ackerman 1 IV <4.8
FrenchCamp 0
Weir 0
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 1 IV(moderate) <4.8
TABLEC.15:SIGNIFICANTSEISMICEVENTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY(16381985)
Ackerman
Ackerman 12/17/1931 105.0km Unknown IV
FrenchCamp
NoneReported
Weir
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Choctaw County is unlikely.
C.2.8 Landslide
steepslopes.LandslidesarepossiblethroughoutChoctawCountybutthereisaverylowincidencerate
According to Figure C.9 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that

FINAL April 2014
C:22
FIGUREC.9:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Source:USGS
There is no extensive history of landslides in Choctaw County. Landslide events typically occur in
isolatedareas.

FINAL April 2014
C:23
events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Choctaw
ofoccurrence.ItshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasinChoctawCountyhavegreaterriskthanothers
C.2.9 Expansive Soils
DuetotheamountofclaymineralspresentinChoctawCounty,expansivesoilspresentathreattothe
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureC.10.Theareasinblueare
FIGUREC.10:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
C:24
ThereisnohistoricalrecordofsignificantexpansivesoileventsinChoctawCounty.However,expansive
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

C.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Choctaw County. All areas in Choctaw County are
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 1 category 2 hurricane, 2 category 1
storms,and28tropicalstormsasshowninFigureC.11.
9
Atotaloffourtrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrength
at the time they traversed the county. Table C.16 provides the detail for each storm that passed
through the county including date of occurrence, name (if applicable), maximum wind speed (as
recordedwhentraversingthecounty)andcategoryofthestormbasedontheSaffirSimpsonScale.

9
FINAL April 2014
C:25
FIGUREC.11:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFCHOCTAWCOUNTY
TABLEC.16:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFCHOCTAWCOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
FINAL April 2014
C:26
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
10
Hurricane

10
FINAL April 2014
C:27
The probability of being impacted is less than coastal areas, but still remains a real threat to Choctaw
area.
C.2.11 Thunderstorm
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Choctaw County typically experiences several
assumed that Choctaw County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumedthatChoctawCountyisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,allareasofthe
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofChoctawCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.
Severe storms resulted in five disaster declarations in Choctaw County in 1979, 1991, 1992, 2001, and
2011.
11

11
FINAL April 2014
C:28
1968 in Choctaw County.
12
These events caused almost $1.8 million (2013 dollars) in damages. There
werealsoreportsofonefatality.TableC.17summarizesthisinformation.TableC.18presentsdetailed
event.
13
TABLEC.17:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Ackerman 24 0/0 $250,891
FrenchCamp 11 1/0 $1,040,433
Weir 8 0/0 $41,421
TABLEC.18:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Ackerman
Ackerman 15FEB93 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $875
Ackerman 20APR95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $3,314
ACKERMAN 22APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,827
ACKERMAN 27JAN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
ACKERMAN 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
ACKERMAN 09MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,146
ACKERMAN 09MAY98 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 05JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $46,467
ACKERMAN 10AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $5,874
ACKERMAN 13MAR03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $13,439
ACKERMAN 03AUG03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $4,032
ACKERMAN 16JUL04 TSTMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $19,572
ACKERMAN 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 05JAN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $1,126

12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Choctaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
C:29
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
FrenchCamp
FRENCHCAMP 16FEB01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $256,637
FRENCHCAMP 02JUN03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,720
FRENCHCAMP 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $19,572
FRENCHCAMP 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,334
FRENCHCAMP 30APR05 TSTMWIND 54kts. 0/0 $2,534
FRENCHCAMP 05AUG06 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $245,975
FRENCHCAMP 19JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $14,329
FRENCHCAMP 03APR10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $10,927
FRENCHCAMP 24OCT10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
FRENCHCAMP 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $53,045
FRENCHCAMP 27APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 68kts. 1/0 $424,360
Weir
Weir 11NOV95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,286
WEIR 09JUL98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,098
WEIR 20AUG02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,461
WEIR 18NOV03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,344
WEIR 03FEB06 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
WEIR 30JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $3,377
WEIR 03AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $16,391
WEIR 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 43kts. 0/0 $5,464
UnincorporatedArea
CHOCTAW
CHOCTAW
CHOCTAW
CHOCTAW
CHOCTAW
CHOCTAW
COUNTY 20FEB89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CHOCTAW
CHOCTAW
REFORM 05APR97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,146
COUNTYWIDE 10NOV98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $309,778
COUNTYWIDE 17JUL03 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $13,439
REFORM 25SEP05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $19,002
FINAL April 2014
C:30
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
CHESTER 27MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CHESTER 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $9,274
REFORM 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $3,377
CHESTER 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 54kts. 0/0 $3,377
CHESTER 09JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,185
SHERWOOD 25JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $10,927
TOLLISON 05AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $5,464
SHERWOOD 05AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $10,927
CHESTER 26OCT10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,185
CHESTER 04AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $15,914
REFORM 01JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,060
CHESTER 01AUG12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $25,750
ACKERMAN
CHOCTAWARP 13AUG12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,090
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 48 recorded hailstorm events have affected Choctaw
Countysince1957.
14
TableC.19isasummaryofthehaileventsinChoctawCounty.TableC.20provides
almost$745,000(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.Therewerealsoreportsof15injuries.Hailranged
in diameter from 0.75 inches to 2.5 inches. It should be noted that hail is notorious for causing
substantialdamagetocars,roofs,andotherareasofthebuiltenvironmentthatmaynotbereportedto
the National Climatic Data Center. Therefore, it is likely that damages are greater than the reported
value.
TABLEC.19:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Ackerman 12 0/15 $457,956
FrenchCamp 11 0/0 $237,838
Weir 10 0/0 $1,344
CHCOTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 48 0/15 $744,879
TABLEC.20:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Ackerman
ACKERMAN 18MAR96 1.75in. 0/0 $402,278
ACKERMAN 20APR96 1.75in. 0/0 $0

14
hail events have affected Choctaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
C:31
ACKERMAN 02MAY97 0.88in. 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 18JAN99 1.75in. 0/0 $45,378
ACKERMAN 10MAR00 0.88in. 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 02FEB06 0.75in. 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN 16JUN11 1.00in. 0/15 $0
ACKERMAN 01AUG12 1.25in. 0/0 $10,300
FrenchCamp
FrenchCamp 30MAR93 1.75in. 0/0 $87,452
FrenchCamp 12MAY94 1.75in. 0/0 $0
FRENCHCAMP 02MAY97 1.75in. 0/0 $47,191
FRENCHCAMP 14JUN98 2.50in. 0/0 $77,445
FRENCHCAMP 19OCT04 0.88in. 0/0 $0
FRENCHCAMP 28DEC07 1.00in. 0/0 $0
FRENCHCAMP 09DEC08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
FRENCHCAMP 09MAY09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
FRENCHCAMP 15APR11 2.00in. 0/0 $0
FRENCHCAMP 02MAR12 1.75in. 0/0 $25,750
FRENCHCAMP 21MAY12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Weir
WEIR 20APR96 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 03MAY03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
WEIR 19OCT04 0.88in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 03FEB06 0.88in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 24FEB07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 14NOV07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 10JAN08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 14MAR08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 02MAY09 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WEIR 15APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 05MAR57 0.75 0/0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 17MAY68 1.75 0/0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 28JUL84 1.75 0/0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 15APR85 1.75 0/0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 22MAY88 1.75 0/0 $0
Mathison 10APR94 0.75 0/0 $0
LittleMountain 07JUN94 0.75 0/0 $0
FULCHER 12JUN09 1.00 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
C:32
CHESTER 21SEP09 1.00 0/0 $0
SHERWOOD 20APR11 1.75 0/0 $0
ACKERMAN
CHOCTAWARP 16JUN11 1.25 0/0 $47,741
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been no recorded lightning events in
ChoctawCountysince1950,aslistedinsummaryTableC.21.
15
However,itislikelythatlightningevents
have in fact impacted the county. Many of the reported events are those that caused damage, and it
shouldbeexpectedthatdamagesarelikelymuchhigherforthishazardthanwhatisreported.
TABLEC.21:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Ackerman 0 0/0 $0
FrenchCamp 0 0/0 $0
Weir 0 0/0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 0 0/0 $0
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Choctaw County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
Lightning
Although there were no historical lightning events reported in Choctaw County via NCDC data, it is a
regularoccurrenceaccompaniedbythunderstorms.Infact,lightningeventswillassuredlyhappenonan
annual basis, though not all events will cause damage. According to Vaisalas U.S. National Lightning
Detection Network (NLDN
), Choctaw County is located in an area of the country that experienced an

average of 6 to 8 lightning flashes per square kilometer per year between 1997 and 2010. Therefore,

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Choctaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
FINAL April 2014
C:33
theprobabilityoffutureeventsishighlylikely(100percentannualprobability).Itcanbeexpectedthat
futurelightningeventswillcontinuetothreatenlifeandcauseminorpropertydamagesthroughoutthe
county.
C.2.12 Tornado
Tornadoesoccurthroughoutthestate ofMississippi,andthusin ChoctawCounty. Tornadoestypically

Therefore,itisassumedthatChoctawCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in five disaster declarations in Choctaw County in 1979, 1991, 1992, 2001, and
2011.
16
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalof16recordedtornado
events in Choctaw County since 1963 (Table C.22), resulting in nearly $148.5 million (2013 dollars) in
property damages.
17
In addition, 8 fatalities and 63 injuries were reported. The magnitude of these
tornadoes ranges from F0 to F5 in intensity. Detailed information on historic tornado events can be
foundinTableC.23.
TABLEC.22:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Ackerman 3 0/0 $0
FrenchCamp 3 5/37 $98,796,313
Weir 4 0/3 $3,961,927
TABLEC.23:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Ackerman
Ackerman 15FEB93 F0 0/0 $0
Thetornadowasspottedbyahamradio
operator.Itstayedonthegroundforjusta
shortdistanceanddidnotdoanydamage.
Ackerman 01SEP94 F0 0/0 $0
Asmalltornadowasspottedbythelocal
sheriffsoffice.Theywatchedthetornadosuck
uplotsofleavesandsmalllimbsfromtreesand
thenliftbackintothecloud.

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Choctaw County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
C:34
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Ackerman 20APR95 F0 0/0 $0
Atornadowentthroughanopenfield.No
damagewasreported.
FrenchCamp
FRENCH
CAMP 24APR10 F3 5/35 $98,345,430
ThetornadomovedintoChoctawCountyand
crossedBlackRoadaround128pm.Here,minor
damageoccurredtoabrickhome.Treedamage
inthisareawasmoresubstantialandwasinthe
upperEF2range.Thousandsoftreeswere
uprootedandsnapped.Manytreeswerealso
splinteredinthisarea.Thetornadothencrossed
Highway413,justeastofFrenchCamp.The
tornadoreachedhighendEF3intensityatthis
pointandproducedsignificantstructural
damagetoanumberofstructures.Windspeeds
rangedfrom155to165mphatthislocation.
Threewellbuiltbrickhomeswerenearly
flattenedwithonly1outerwallleftstanding.
Otherwellbuiltstructuressustainedmajor
damagetotheroof.TheCrossroadsGrocerywas
destroyedasthecinderblockstructure
collapsedonitself.Severalvehicleswerethrown
inthisareaincludingatsemitruck.Acelltower
wassnappedinhalf.Theintensedamage
continuedalongthetrackacrossStuartWeir
RoadandWhiteRoad.Severalmorestructures
wereseverelydamagedordestroyedinthisarea
alongwithsignificantdevastationtotimber.
AlongPisgahandDotsonRoads,someofthe
mostseveredamageoccurredandthiswasthe
locationofthe5fatalities.Here,dozensof
mobilehomesandconventionalfoundation
homesweredestroyed.Multiplevehicleswere
thrownwithafewlandingintrees.Thewidest
partofthetornadowasinthisgeneralarea
whereitwas1.07mileswide.TheEF3intensity
damageoccurredforabout4miles.Thetornado
weakenedasittrackedtowardtheChester
CommunityandcrossedWeirSalemRoadand
ChesterMillsRoad.Herethedamagewas
mostlytreedamagewithadozenofhomesorso
receivingminortomajordamage.Somehomes
hadasmallportionofrooftornofforshingles
peeledaway.Onewellbuilthomewasshifted
offthefoundationwithaportionofthebackof
thehomecollapsed.Again,timberdamagewas
significantwithalargeareaofpineforest
heavilydamaged.EF2damagedwasnotedth
FRENCH
CAMP 27APR11 F2 0/2 $371,315
Thistornadotoucheddownafewmilessouthof
theStewartcommunity,whereitbegan
uprootingandsnappingoffthousandsoftrees.
Manystructureswereheavilydamagedby
fallingtreesalongthepath.Afewhomesand
barnsweredirectlydamagedbythetornado's
winds.Severalpowerpoleswerealsosnapped.
Maximumwindswerearound120mph.
FINAL April 2014
C:35
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
FRENCH
CAMP 27APR11 F2 0/0 $79,568
Thistornadotoucheddownjustwestofthe
PoplarCreekCommunityandheadedofftothe
northeast.Thousandsoftreesweresnappedoff
anduprooted.Afewtreesfellonhomes,sheds
andsmallbarnscausingsubstantialdamage.
Onepowerpolewassnappedandsometrees
fellacrosspowerlines.Thetornadocrossedinto
ChoctawCountywhereitdissipated.Maximum
windswerearound115mph.Totalpathlength
acrossMontgomeryandChoctawCountieswas
11.5miles.
Weir
WEIR 10JAN08 F3 0/3 $3,477,822
Thetornadostarted,justwestofEthel,witha
pathoftreedamagewhichintensifiedshortly
afterthebeginningpoint.Insomeareasnearly
everytreewassnappedofforuprooted.The
tornadoreacheditswidestpointasitcrossed
theNatchezTraceParkway,wheredozensof
treesweresnappedanduprooted.Thetornado
causedsignificantstructuraldamagetoseveral
buildingsjusttothesouthwestofMcCool.One
cinderblockconstructedbuildingsustained
nearlytotaldestructionfromacombinationofa
verylargehardwoodtreefallingonit,alongwith
otherwinddamage.Aroomadditiontotheback
ofaframehomewasremoved.Afterthe
tornadopassedMcCool,itnarrowedand
weakenedsomewhat,withtreedamage
continuingtooccur.Thetornadothen
intensifiedagainasitenteredChoctawCounty
andpassedsouthofthetownofWeir.Herea
dairycomplexwasheavilydamaged.Awell
constructedmilkingparlorwastotallydestroyed
withallexteriorwallscollapsedordestroyed.A
large9000poundtrailerwaspickedupand
flippedontothetopofafarmbuilding.Several
largewoodandmetallivestockbuildingswere
totallydestroyed.Agrainsilowasalso
destroyed.Nearly300headofcattlewere
injuredwith10fatal.Afterthetornadopassed
thispoint,itdidnotencounteranyadditional
structures,butapathoftreedamagecontinued
forseveralmilesbeforethetornadodissipated
nearChoctawLake.Thetotalpathlengthacross
AttalaandChoctawcountieswas24mileswitha
maximumratingofEF3.Maximumwindswere
around145mph.
FINAL April 2014
C:36
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
WEIR 06MAY09 F1 0/0 $393,928
Thistornadotoucheddownjustsoutheastof
WeirandtrackedjustsouthofeasttoHighway
15.Hundredsoftrees,bothhardwoodand
softwoodweresnappedanduprootedalongthe
path.Atleast5housessufferedminorto
moderateroofdamagefromthewinds.One
churchhadshingledamage.Onemobilehome
wasdestroyedbydownedtrees.Anothermobile
homehadroofdamagealongwiththeskirting
blownout.Maximumwindswerearound110
mph.
WEIR 01JAN11 F1 0/0 $21,218
Thistornadosnappedanduprootedanumberof
pinetreesalonganarrowpath.Acoupleof
smalloutbuildingsalsohadsomeroofdamage.
Maximumwindswere90mph.
WEIR 01JAN11 F1 0/0 $68,959
ThetornadodevelopedjustsouthwestofWeir
andimpactedthesouthpartsofthecommunity.
Thefirstobserveddamagewasseverallarge
pinessnappedintheyardofahouse.Atreefell
onthehouseandsignificantroofdamage
occurred.Thetornadocontinuednortheast,
snappinganduprootingseveralmorepinetrees.
AsitcrossedMainStreet,alongwithtree
damage,italsoblewtheskirtingoffamobile
home,andcausedshingleandotherminorroof
damagetoachurch.Thetornadothencrossed
Highway407,andjusteastofthehighwayit
causedshingle,skirting,andotherminorwind
damagetoamobilehome,blewtheroofoffa
shed,andsnappedseveralhardwoodtrees.The
tornadodissipatedjustnortheastofthis
location.Maximumwindswerearound95mph.
UnincorporatedArea
CHOCTAW
COUNTY 11MAR63 F4 2/5 $0
CHOCTAW
COUNTY 28JAN74 F2 0/1 $128,114
CHOCTAW
COUNTY 25APR80 F1 0/0 $76,624
CHOCTAW
COUNTY 22NOV92 F4 1/12 $44,997,486
FINAL April 2014
C:37
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
SHERWOOD 27APR11 F1 0/0 $5,305
Thetornadocausedextensivedamageto
numerousroofsofhomesandseveredamageto
severalmobilehomes.Numerousshedsand
barnswereheavilydamaged.Thousandsof
treesweresnappedoruprootedandseveral
powerpolesweresnapped.Agasstationwas
severelydamagedinthecommunityofSapaand
thecanopywascarriedaway.Thistornado
appearstobepartofafamilyoftornadoesthat
hittheChoctaw/Webstercountiesareain
associationwiththesamestorm.Apersonwas
fatallyinjuredwhenatreefellonamobilehome
justwestofMathistoninsoutheasternWebster
County.Maximumwindswerearound125mph.
TotalpathlengthacrossChoctawandWebster
Countieswas13.3miles.
CHESTER 27APR11 F2 0/5 $530,450
states of Alabama and Mississippi. During this outbreak, four tornadoes were reported in Choctaw
CountyonApril27,2011.Thesetornadoesresultedinseveninjuriesandnearly$987,000(2013dollars)
inpropertydamages.
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Choctaw County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Choctaw County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
C.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
ChoctawCountyhastwoTRIsites.ThesesitesareshowninFigureC.12.

FINAL April 2014
C:38
FIGUREC.12:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Source:EPA

FINAL April 2014
C:39
There have been a total of seven recorded HAZMAT incidents in Choctaw County since 1972 (Table
C.24), resulting in $52,000 in property damages. Table C.25 presents detailed information on historic
HAZMAT incidents in Choctaw County as reported by the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline
andHazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration(PHMSA).
TABLEC.24:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Ackerman 6 0/0 $52,000
FrenchCamp 0 0/0 $0
Weir 0 0/0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 7 0/0 $52,000
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEC.25:HAZMATINCIDENTSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Ackerman
I1972110430 11/13/1972 ACKERMAN Highway 0 0/0 $0 0
I1978020047 1/20/1978 ACKERMAN Highway 1 0/0 $0 2,248LGA
I1976061106 6/16/1976 ACKERMAN Highway 1 0/0 $0 7,950LGA
I1980101305 9/29/1980 ACKERMAN Highway 0 0/0 $0 25LGA
I2012110476 9/17/2012 ACKERMAN Highway 1 0/0 $52,000 401LGA
I1978050744 4/15/1978 ACKERMAN Highway 1 0/0 $0 182LGA
FrenchCamp
NoneReported
Weir
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
E2006110077 10/16/2006 CHOCTAW Rail 0 0/0 $0 61LGA
Source:USDOTPHMSA
GiventhelocationoftwotoxicreleaseinventorysitesinChoctawCountyandseveralroadwayandrail
Although there are just two TRI sites and a limited record of previous events in the county, hazardous
FINAL April 2014
C:40
C.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.ChoctawCountychosetoanalyze
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th
State,"onOctober4
th

18
FINAL April 2014
C:41
widelyrecorded.
19
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatChoctawCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof

C.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk

19
FINAL April 2014
C:42
HAZARDEXTENT
Table C.26 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for Choctaw County. The extent of a
TABLEC.26:EXTENTOFCHOCTAWCOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor124.7percentofthetotallandareainChoctawCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheDowingBranchnearFrenchCampin1965.
Waterreachedadischargeof709cubicfeetpersecondandthestreamgage
heightwasrecordedat8.95feet.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinChoctawCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).ThreedamsareclassifiedashighhazardinChoctaw
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinChoctaw
14.0inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.ChoctawCountyhasreceived
ChoctawCounty.However,thehighestrecordedtemperatureinJackson
Wildfire
WildfiredatawasprovidedbyMississippiForestryCommissionandisreported
annuallybycountyfrom20022011.Thegreatestnumberoffirestooccurin
ChoctawCountyinanyyearwas23in2007.Thegreatestnumberofacresto
burninthecountyinasingleyearoccurredin2006when349acreswereburned.
Althoughthisdataliststheextentthathasoccurred,largerandmorefrequent
wildfiresarepossiblethroughoutthecounty.
FINAL April 2014
C:43
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromChoctawCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
AckermanwithaMMIofIV(moderate)withacorrelatingRichterScale
measurementoflessthan4.8.
Landslide
inChoctawCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinChoctawCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinChoctawCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughChoctawCountywasatropicalstorm
(unnamedstormsin1923and1948)whichcarriedtropicalforcewindsof46
milesperhouruponarrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinChoctawCountywasreportedon
April27,2011at68knots(approximately78mph).Itshouldbenotedthatfuture
reportedinChoctawCountywas2.5inches(reportedonJune14,1998).Itshould
benotedthatfutureeventsmayexceedthis.
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),ChoctawCountyis
figures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinChoctawCountywasanF4(last
reportedonNovember22,1992).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis7,950LGAreleasedonthehighwayinAckerman.Itshouldbenoted
Pandemic
life.

FINAL April 2014
C:44
In order to draw some meaningful planning conclusions on hazard risk forChoctaw County, the results
Section5.16.2.
Table C.27 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEC.27:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
WindrelatedHazards
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
FINAL April 2014
C:45
C.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Choctaw County, including the PRI results
identifiedhazardaccordingtothreecategories:HighRisk,ModerateRisk,andLowRisk(TableC.28).For
that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Choctaw County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionC.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
TABLEC.28:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORCHOCTAWCOUNTY
C.3 CHOCTAW COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Choctaw County to the significant hazards
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
C:46
C.3.1 Asset Inventory
TableC.29liststheestimatednumberofimprovedpropertiesandthe totalvalueofimprovementsfor
ChoctawCountyanditsparticipatingjurisdictions(studyareaofvulnerabilityassessment).Thedatawas
TABLEC.29:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Improved
Properties
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Ackerman* 1,049 $171,206,000
FrenchCamp* 184 $36,393,000
Weir* 390 $51,339,000
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 5,088
$691,090,000
*IMPROVEMENTVALUESFORTHESECOMMUNITIESWEREOBTAINEDFROMHAZUSMH
Table C.30 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinChoctawCounty.Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecriticalfacilitiesfor
thecountyandthisdatawasupdated toreflectcurrentconditions.Inaddition,FigureC.13showsthe
locations of essential facilities in Choctaw County. Table C.45, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLEC.30:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Ackerman 1 2 1 0 3
FrenchCamp 0 0 0 0 2
Weir 0 0 0 0 1
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 1 2 1 0 6
Source:HazusMH

FINAL April 2014
C:47
FIGUREC.13:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
C.3.2 Social Vulnerability
andassessthoseparticularsegmentsoftheresidentpopulationinChoctawCountythatarepotentially
TableC.31liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
dataispresentedatthecountyandmunicipallevel.ThetotalpopulationinChoctawCountyaccording
toCensusdatais8,547persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionC.1.
FINAL April 2014
C:48
TABLEC.31:TOTALPOPULATIONINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Ackerman 1,510
FrenchCamp 174
Weir 459
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 8,547
Inaddition,FigureC.14illustratesthepopulationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
20

20

FINAL April 2014
C:49
FIGUREC.14:POPULATIONDENSITYINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
C.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Choctaw County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
TableC.29
FINAL April 2014
C:50
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableC.40.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Choctaw County is susceptible to flood events. A total of 11 flood
eventshave beenreportedbytheNationalClimaticDataCenter resultingin$1.1million(2013dollars)
indamages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$340,905forChoctawCounty.
TABLEC.32:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Ackerman N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
FrenchCamp N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Weir N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
CHOCTAWCOUNTY
TOTAL
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SocialVulnerability
on population atrisk to flood due to tract level population data. Figure C.15 is presented to gain a

FINAL April 2014
C:51
FIGUREC.15:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisrevealedthatthereareanocriticalfacilitieslocatedintheChoctawCounty
TableC.41attheendofthissection.
Choctaw County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
FINAL April 2014
C:52
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Choctaw County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are
Figure C.16 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Choctaw County has very
ChoctawCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableC.32showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
C:53
FIGUREC.16:WILDFIRERISKAREASINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
TABLEC.33:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
Ackerman* 18 $4,718,000
FrenchCamp* 0 $0
Weir* 294 $41,786,000
FINAL April 2014
C:54
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
UnincorporatedArea* 257 $33,421,000
CHOCTAWCOUNTY
TOTAL
569 $79,925,000
areas. While the jurisdictions report a fairly low level of concern, Weir does include some areas of
concern.
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableC.41
facilities,andpopulationsinChoctawCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
approximately $691 million which includes buildings, inventory, and contents throughout the county.
21
TableC.33summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.

21
FINAL April 2014
C:55
TABLEC.34:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
ChoctawCounty $17,000 $691,084,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.
populations in Choctaw County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
from an earthquake occurrence. While Choctaw County may not experience a large earthquake (the
greatest on record is a magnitude IV MMI), localized damage is possible with an occurrence. A list of
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableC.41attheendofthissection.
Historical evidence indicates that Choctaw County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
trackshavecomenearortraversedthroughthecounty,asshownanddiscussedinSectionC.2.10.
22
forthecountyasshownbelowinTableC.34.Only
TABLEC.35:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
ChoctawCounty $28,000 $691,084,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1

22
FINAL April 2014
C:56
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableC.35.
TABLEC.36:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
Location TotalAnnualizedLoss
ExposurebyCounty PercentofExposure
ChoctawCounty $18,000 $691,084,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrossChoctawCounty,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeatrisk.Some
facilities,andpopulationsinChoctawCounty.
Although historical evidence and existing Toxic Release Inventory sites indicate that Choctaw County is
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforChoctawCounty.
FINAL April 2014
C:57
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesinChoctawCounty,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysisasshown
in Figure C.17. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
impactpeopleandbuildings,wereusedfortheGISbufferanalysis.FigureC.18showstheareasusedfor
mobile toxic release buffer analysis. The results indicate the approximate number of improved
propertiesandimprovedvalue,asshowninTableC.36(fixedsites)andTableC.37(mobileroadsites).
23
FIGUREC.17:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Source:EPA

23
FINAL April 2014
C:58
TABLEC.37:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Ackerman 0 $0 151 $19,736,000
Weir 0 $0 0 $0
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 53 $6,802,000 529 $68,710,000

FINAL April 2014
C:59
FIGUREC.18:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINCHOCTAWCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
C:60
TABLEC.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Ackerman 2,559 522,228,000 3,190 $519,169,000
Mathiston 0 $0 0 $0
Weir 0 $0 458 $47,678,000
UnincorporatedArea 375 40,260,000 2,667 $310,386,000
CHOCTAWCOUNTYTOTAL 2,934 $562,488,000 6,315 $877,233,000
*Improvement values for these communities were obtained from Hazus MH at the Census Block level.
Source:HazusMH
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for fixed TRI sites revealed that there are no Choctaw County facilities
locatedinaHAZMATriskzone.Alistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundin
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Choctaw County revealed that there are 7
criticalfacilitieslocatedintheprimaryandsecondarymobileHAZMATbufferareas.Allbutoneofthese
facilitiesisintheprimarybufferzone.Alistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbe
foundinTableC.41attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Choctaw County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at
Table C.38 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Choctaw County. Due to the
region.
FINAL April 2014
C:61
TABLEC.39:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORCHOCTAWCOUNTY
Event
Choctaw
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $340,905
Erosion Negligible
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $17,000
WindrelatedHazards
Hail $39,762
Lightning Negligible
Tornado $34,639,249
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableC.39showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
C:62

FINAL April 2014
C:63


FINAL April 2014
C:64
TABLEC.40:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINCHOCTAWCOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
4
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CHOCTAWCOUNTY

AckermanVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
ChoctawCountyMedicalCenter
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X X
AckermanPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
ChoctawCountySheriff'sOffice
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
AckermanHigh School
X X X X X X X X X X
AckermanElem School
X X X X X X X X X X
ChoctawCoCareerandTech School
X X X X X X X X X X
FrenchCampAcademy School
X X X X X X X X
FrenchCampElemSchool School
X X X X X X X X
WeirElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X

24

FINAL April 2014
C:65
C.4 CHOCTAW COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection discusses the capability of Choctaw County to implement hazard mitigation activities.
C.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableC.40providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
under development for Choctaw County. A checkmark () indicates that the given item is currently in
MitigationPlan.
TABLEC.41:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
CHOCTAW
COUNTY

Ackerman
FrenchCamp
Weir
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
ChickasawCountyhaspreviouslyadoptedahazardmitigationplan.TheTownofAckerman,theTownof
FrenchCamp,andtheTownofWeirwerealsoincludedinthisplan.

FINAL April 2014
C:66
ChoctawCountymaintainsanemergencyoperationsplanthroughitsEmergencyManagementAgency.
TheTownAckerman,theTownofFrenchCamp,andtheTownofWeirareeachcoveredbythisplan.
GENERALPLANNING
Choctaw County adopted a county development plan in 1967. The Town of Ackerman, the Town of
FrenchCamp,andtheTownofWeirwerealsoincludedinthisplan.
ZoningOrdinance
ChoctawCounty,theTownofAckerman,theTownofFrenchCamp,andtheTownofWeirdonothave
zoningordinancesinplace.
ChoctawCounty,theTownofAckerman,theTownofFrenchCamp,andtheTownofWeirdonothave
subdivisionregulationsinplace.
Choctaw County, the Town of Ackerman, the Town of French Camp, and the Town of Weir have not
adoptedabuildingcode.
Table C.41 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Choctaw
County.
TABLEC.42:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 9/28/07 9/28/07 4 $652,000 0 $0
Ackerman 7/3/86 9/28/07 9 $857,900 1 $68,613
FrenchCamp*
Weir*
ordinance.ChoctawCountyandtheTownofAckermanbothparticipateintheNFIPandhaveadopted
flooddamagepreventionordinances.

FINAL April 2014
C:67
C.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
TableC.42providesasummaryofthecapabilityassessmentresultsforChoctawCountywithregardto
TABLEC.43:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
CHOCTAW
COUNTY

Ackerman
FrenchCamp
Weir
C.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table C.43 provides a summary of the results for Choctaw County with regard to relevant fiscal

FINAL April 2014
C:68
TABLEC.44:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
CHOCTAW
COUNTY

Ackerman
FrenchCamp
Weir
C.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Choctaw County is more
C.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table C.44 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology
TABLEC.45:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
CHOCTAWCOUNTY 23 Moderate
Ackerman 18 Limited
FrenchCamp 11 Limited
Weir 9 Limited

FINAL April 2014
C:69
C.5 CHOCTAW COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforChoctawCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerable
to its identified hazards. It is based on general consensus of the Hazard Mitigation Council and the
findings and conclusions of the capability assessment and risk assessment. Additional Information can
befoundinSection8:MitigationStrategyandSection9:MitigationActionPlan.
C.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Choctaw County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableC.45.
TABLEC.46:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6
C.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
ThemitigationactionsproposedbyChoctawCounty,theTownofAckerman,theTownofFrenchCamp,
andtheTownofWeirarelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
C:70
Choctaw County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCountycontinues
toparticipateinthe
NFIP.
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCountycontinues
toparticipatein
hazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested.
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2

FINAL April 2014
C:71
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable

FINAL April 2014
C:72
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
orextremeheat.
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
C:73
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
FL=FloodDR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=Wildfire S/I=Snow/IceET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake

FINAL April 2014
C:74
Town of Ackerman Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowncontinues
toparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowncontinues
toparticipatein
hazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested.
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2

FINAL April 2014
C:75
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable

FINAL April 2014
C:76
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
orextremeheat.
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
C:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6

FINAL April 2014
C:78
Town of French Camp Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowndoesnot
yetparticipateinthe
NFIP.
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTownparticipates
inhazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested.
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2

FINAL April 2014
C:79
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable.

FINAL April 2014
C:80
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
orextremeheat.
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
C:81
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6

FINAL April 2014
C:82
Town of Weir Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowndoesnot
yetparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
ParticipationinHazardMitigation
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTownparticipates
inhazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2

FINAL April 2014
C:83
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunds
becomeavailable

FINAL April 2014
C:84
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
orextremeheat.
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
C:85
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6

A
A
n
n
n
n
e
e
x
x
D
D
Clay County
FINAL April 2014
D:1
ThisannexincludesjurisdictionspecificinformationforClayCountyanditsparticipatingmunicipalities.
Itconsistsofthefollowingfivesubsections:
D.1ClayCountyCommunityProfile
D.2ClayCountyRiskAssessment
D.3ClayCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
D.4ClayCountyCapabilityAssessment
D.5ClayCountyMitigationStrategy
D.1 CLAY COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE
D.1.1 Geography and the Environment
ClayCountyislocatedinnortheastMississippi.Itcomprisesonecity,theCityofWestPoint,aswellas
severalsmallunincorporatedcommunities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureD.1.
ThecountyissituatedtothewestoftheTombigbeeRiverattheintersectionofseveralmajorrailways
andhighways.Thetotalareaofthecountyis416squaremiles,6squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
upper 60s. Winter temperatures range from highs in the upper 50s to low 60s to lows around 35F.
Average annual rainfall is approximately 56 inches, with the wettest months being December through
March.
ANNEX D: CLAY COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
D:2
FIGURED.1:CLAYCOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
D.1.2 Population and Demographics
According to the 2010 Census, Clay County has a population of 20,634 people. The county has seen a
declineinpopulationbetween2000and2010ofaround6percent,andthepopulationdensityisaround
50peoplepersquaremile.PopulationcountsfromtheUSCensusBureaufor1990,2000,and2010for
thecountyandbothoftheparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableD.1.
TABLED.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORCLAYCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
ClayCounty 21,120 21,979 20,634 6.1%
WestPoint 8,489 12,145 11,203 7.8%
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Clay County is 33.9 years. The racial
characteristicsofthecountyarepresentedinTableD.2.Blacksmakeupthemajorityofthepopulation
inthecounty,accountingforcloseto60percentofthepopulation.

FINAL April 2014
D:3
TABLED.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFCLAYCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
ClayCounty 40.1% 58.9% 0.1% 0.9% 1.1%
WestPoint 37.6% 61.4% 0.1% 0.9% 0.9%
D.1.3 Housing
Accordingtothe2010USCensus,thereare8,810housingunitsinClayCounty,themajorityofwhichare
singlefamilyhomesormobilehomes.HousinginformationforthecountyandcityispresentedinTable
D.3. As shown in the table, the City of West Point has a roughly proportional housing stock as the
county.
TABLED.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICS
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHomeValue
(20072011)
ClayCounty 8,152 8,810 2.1% $78,200
WestPoint 4,897 5,011 1.7% $80,100
D.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
There are several US and state highways that serve Clay County and link it with other regions of
MississippiandtheneighboringstateofAlabama.US82isaneastwesthighwaythatpassesjusttothe
southofthecounty.Meanwhile,US45isanothermajorhighwaythattravelsnorthsouththroughWest
PointandconnectsthecitywithothermajorregionalhubssuchasTupelo,Mississippitothenorthand
Mobile,Alabamatothesouth.
The McCharen Field Airport provides limited local service and regional air travel connections are
availablethroughGoldenTriangleRegionalAirportinLowndesCounty.
With roots as a railroad town, West Point and the county are served by the Kansas City Southern
Railwayandoneshortlinerailroad,butthereisnopassengerserviceofferedatthistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Clay County is provided by the Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingtheCityofWestPoint,FourCountyElectricPowerAssociation(EPA),andNatchez
TraceEPA.TheCityofOkolonaalsoservesresidentsinpartsofClayCounty.

FINAL April 2014
D:4
Water and sewer service is provided to residents by the City of West Point as well as variety of lift
stationsandruralwaterassociations.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
ThereareanumberofbuildingsandcommunityfacilitieslocatedthroughoutClayCounty.Accordingto
the data collected for the vulnerability assessment (Section 6.4.1), there are 2 fire stations, 2 police
stations,and10publicschoolslocatedwithinthecounty.
There is one hospital located in Clay County. Clay County Medical Corporation is a 60bed medical
surgicalhospitallocatedintheCityofWestPoint.
Recreational opportunities in Clay County include hunting, camping, fishing, boating, swimming, golf,
and tennis. These activities are available at the TennesseeTombigbee Waterway, Kennedy Lake,
Columbus Lake, Waverly Recreation Area, Town Creek Recreation Area, Barton Ferry Recreation Area,
PrairieWildlifePreserve,KittyDillNationalMemorialParkway,TownCreekCampground,MarshallPark,
Zuber Park, Old Waverly Golf Club, and West Point Country Club. The West Point Recreation
Department also offers many sports and activities for both children and adults of West Point and the
surroundingcommunity.
D.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Clay County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
D.1.6 Employment and Industry
According to the Mississippi Employment Security Commission, in 2012, Clay County had an average
9.2 percent for the state). In 2012, the Retail Trade industry employed 25.7 percent of the workforce.
Manufacturing was the second largest industry, employing 19.9 percent of workers, and Education
Servicesfollowedcloselybehind(17.9%).Theaverageannualwagein2012forClayCountywas$32,708
D.2 CLAY COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT
IdentificationastheypertaintoClayCounty.Eachhazardprofileincludesadescriptionofthehazards
location and extent, notable historical occurrences, and the probability of future occurrences.

FINAL April 2014
D:5
D.2.1 Flood
There are areas in Clay County that are susceptible to flood events. Special flood hazard areas in the
Maps (DFIRM).
1
analysis,ofthe414squaremilesthatmakeupClayCounty,thereare125squaremilesoflandinzones
A and AE (1percent annual chance floodplain/100year floodplain) and 0.4 square mile of land in the
0.2percentannualchancefloodplain(500yearfloodplain).
Thesefloodzonevaluesaccountfor30.3percentofthetotallandareainClayCounty.Itisimportantto
note that while FEMA digital flood data is recognized as best available data for planning purposes, it
does not always reflect the most accurate and uptodate flood risk. Flooding and floodrelated losses
oftendooccuroutsideofdelineatedspecialfloodhazardareas.FigureD.2andFigureD.3illustratethe
locationandextentofcurrentlymappedspecialfloodhazardareasforClayCountyandtheCityofWest
PointbasedonbestavailableFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Clay County were updated in 2011.

FINAL April 2014
D:6
FIGURED.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCLAYCOUNTY


FINAL April 2014
D:7
FIGURED.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINWESTPOINT


FINAL April 2014
D:8
FloodsresultedinsixdisasterdeclarationsinClayCountyin1973,1979,threetimesin1991,and2011.
2
NationalClimaticDataCenterreportedatotalofnineeventsinClayCountysince1997.
3
Asummaryof
theseeventsispresentedinTableD.4.Theseeventsaccountedforalmost$1.2million(2013dollars)in
anddeathsandinjuries,canbefoundinTableD.5.
TABLED.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
WestPoint 6 0/0 $723,481
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 9 0/0 $1,187,810
TABLED.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINCLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint
WestPoint 02MAY97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,573.00
WestPoint 02MAY97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,933.00
WestPoint 22FEB03 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,344.00
WestPoint 07JUN04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,305.00
WestPoint 23SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $78,786.00
WestPoint 15APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $636,540.00
UnincorporatedArea
EASTPORTION 29AUG05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $126,677.00
WAVERLYSTATION 06JAN09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $56,275.00
PHEBA 27FEB09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $281,377.00
reportedinClayCountythroughtheNationalFloodInsuranceProgram(NFIP)since1978,totalingover
$798,000 in claims payments. A summary of these figures for the county is provided in Table D.6. It
additional instances of flood loss in Clay County were either uninsured, denied claims payment, or not
reported.

2
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
D:9
TABLED.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINCLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint 57 $624,288
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 81 $798,486
Source:FEMA,NFIP
As of May 2013, there are eight nonmitigated repetitive loss properties located in Clay County which
accounted for losses and approximately $157,000 in claims payments under the NFIP. The average
claim amount for these properties is $6,556. All eight of the properties are single family residential.
Without mitigation these properties will likely continue to experience flood losses. Table D.7 presents
detailedinformationonrepetitivelosspropertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciesforClayCounty.
TABLED.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
WestPoint 4
4single
family 9 $116,033 $11,519 $29,779 $3,309
4single
family 15 $23,931 $5,847 $127,553 $8,504
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 8 24 $139,965 $17,367 $157,332 $6,556
FloodeventswillremainathreatinareaspronetofloodinginClayCounty,andtheprobabilityoffuture
occurrences will remain likely (between 10 and 100 percent annual probability). The participating
jurisdictions and unincorporated areas of the county have risk to flooding, though not all areas will
experience flood. The probability of future flood events based on magnitude and according to best
availabledataisillustratedinthefiguresabove,whichindicatesthoseareassusceptibletothe1percent
annual chance flood (100year floodplain) and the 0.2percent annual chance flood (500year
floodplain).
properties that risk varies throughout the county and participating jurisdictions. For example, the
central and southeastern portions of the county have more floodplain and thus a higher risk of flood
thanotherareasofthecounty.Floodisnotthegreatesthazardofconcernbutwillcontinueoccurand
cause damage. Therefore, mitigation actions may be warranted, particularly for repetitive loss
properties.
FINAL April 2014
D:10
D.2.2 Erosion
ErosioninClayCountyistypicallycausedbyflashfloodingevents.Unlikecoastalareas,areasofconcern
for erosion in Clay County are primarily rivers and streams. Generally, vegetation helps to prevent
erosioninthearea,anditisnotanextremethreattoanyoftheparticipatingcountiesandjurisdictions.
Noareasofconcernwerereportedbytheplanningcommittee.
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in Clay County. This includes searching local
Erosion remains a natural, dynamic, and continuous process for Clay County, and it will continue to
A.2.3 Dam Failure
According to the Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality, there are no high hazard dams in Clay
County.
4
There is no record of dam breaches in Clay County. However, several breach scenarios in the county

4
FINAL April 2014
D:11
D.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winterweather.ClayCountyisnotaccustomedtoseverewinterweatherconditionsandrarelyreceives
severe winter weather, even during the winter months. Events tend to be mild in nature; however,
even relatively small accumulations of snow, ice, or other wintery precipitation can lead to losses and
damage due to the fact that these events are not commonplace. Given the atmospheric nature of the
hazard,theentirecountyhasuniformexposuretoawinterstorm.
Winter weather has resulted in one disaster declaration in Clay County in 1999.
5
According to the
National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of eight recorded winter storm events in Clay
County since 1996 (Table D.8).
6
These events resulted in almost $1 million (2013 dollars) in damages.
DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableD.9.
7
TABLED.8:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLED.9:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINCLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
CLAYCOUNTY 01FEB96 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $33,523
CLAYCOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $829,407
CLAYCOUNTY 21DEC00 ICESTORM 0/0 $1,958
CLAYCOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $92,431
CLAYCOUNTY 07JAN10 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 15DEC10 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 09JAN11 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 09FEB11 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $0

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Clay County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
D:12
TherehavebeenseveralseverewinterweathereventsinClayCounty.Thetextbelowdescribestwoof
the major events and associated impacts on the county. Similar impacts can be expected with severe
winterweather.
December1998
January2000

Winter storm events will continue to occur in Clay County. According to historical information, the
annualprobabilityislikely(between10and100percent).
FIRERELATED HAZARDS

D.2.5 Drought
political boundaries. Furthermore, it is assumed that Clay County would be uniformly exposed to
drought and heat waves, making the spatial extent potentially widespread. It is also notable that
droughtandextremeheatconditionstypicallydonotcausesignificantdamagetothebuiltenvironment
butmayexacerbatewildfireconditions.
ANNEX D: C
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
HISTORIC
Drought
According
twelveof
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
Therewe
HeatWav
The Natio
county.
July2005
Theagricu
wereenco
August 20
temperat
firsttime
July2006
straightd
CLAY COUNTY
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
CALOCCURR
g to the U.S.
f thelastthirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLE
rmallyDry
renoreporte
ve
onal Climatic
Afiveday
ulturalindust
ounteredbyc
005 A heat
ures were co
sinceAugust
Ashorthe
ays.
Y
al Hazard Mit
RENCES
Drought Mo
teenyears(2
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
D.10:HIST
ModerateDro
eddroughtev
c Data Cente
heatwavec
trywashitpa
citiesandab
wave coveri
onsistently ov
2000that10
atwaveimpa
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source:U
tigation Plan
onitor, Clay C
20002012).T
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
TORICALDRO
ughtSeve
ventsforClay
er was used
overedthea
articularlyha
urnbanwas
ng the south
ver 95 degree
00degreetem
actedmostof
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
U.S.DroughtMon
County had d
TableD.10sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
OUGHTOCCU
ereDrought
yCountyacco
to determin
rea.Temper
rdinthecatt
implemented
h began in m
es and surpas
mperaturesre
ftheareatem
ClayCo
EXCEPTIO
ABNOR
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
ABNOR
SEVE
EXCEPTIO
SEVE
ABNOR
SEVE
MODER
ABNOR
nitor
drought levels
howsthemo
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
URRENCESIN
ExtremeDro
ordingtotheN
e historical h
ratureswere
tleandcatfis
dduetotheh
midAugust an
ssed 100 deg
eachedthear
mperaturesin
ounty
ONAL
MAL
MAL
NE
MAL
MAL
RE
ONAL
RE
MAL
RE
RATE
MAL
s (including a
stseveredro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
NCLAYCOUN
oughtExc
NationalClim
heat wave o
consistently
hsectors.W
highfirerisk.
nd lasted abo
rees on some
rea.
nthe90stoa
abnormally d
oughtclassific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
NTY
eptionalDrough
maticDataCen
occurrences i
above95deg
Watersupplyi
out 10 days.
e days. It wa
around100fo
D:13
dry) in
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
nter.
n the
grees.
issues
High
as the
orfive
FINAL April 2014
D:14
August 2007 A heat wave lasting around 11 days occurred with all areas in the region reaching
more than 100 degrees at some point during the last 5 days. High humidity levels also pushed the
heatindexvaluesintothe105112rangeleadingtothehottestAugustonrecordinsomeareas.
Drought
Based on historical occurrence information, it is assumed that Clay County has a probability level of
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofClayCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
likely(10100percentannualprobability)forfutureheatwaveevents.
D.2.6 Wildfire
Figure A.4 shows the Fire Occurrence Areas (FOA) in Clay County based on data from the Southern

FINAL April 2014
D:15
FIGURED.4:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINCLAYCOUNTY
BasedondatafromtheMississippiForestryCommissionfrom2002to2011,ClayCountyexperiencesan
average of 14 wildfires annually which burn an average of 90 acres per year. The data indicates that
most of these fires are small, averaging six acres per fire. Table D.11 provides a summary of wildfire
occurrences in Clay County and Table D.12 lists the number of reported wildfire occurrences in the
countybetweentheyears2002and2011.
TABLED.11:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Clay
County

FINAL April 2014
D:16
TABLED.12:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
ClayCounty
Numberof
Fires
6 3 14 14 17 26 14 4 15 29
Numberof
Acres
Burned
76 9 198 81 89 160 67 13 149 54
Wildfire events will be an ongoing occurrence in Clay County. The likelihood of wildfires increases
probability assigned to Clay County for future wildfire events is likely (a 10 and 100 percent annual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

D.2.7 Earthquake
Figure D.5 shows the intensity level associated with Clay County, based on the national USGS map of
peak acceleration with 10 percent probability of exceedance in 50 years. It is the probability that
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Clay County
lies within an approximate zone of level 3 to 4 ground acceleration. This indicates that the county
existswithinanareaofmoderateseismicrisk.

FINAL April 2014
D:17
FIGURED.5:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
AtleastoneearthquakeisknowntohaveaffectedClayCountysince1931.Thisearthquakemeasureda
IIIontheModifiedMercalliIntensity(MMI)scale.TableD.13providesasummaryofearthquakeevents
reported by the National Geophysical Data Center between 1638 and 1985. Table D.14 presents a
detailed occurrence of each event including the date, distance for the epicenter, magnitude, and
ModifiedMercalliIntensity(ifknown).
8
TABLED.13:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
WestPoint 1 III <4.8
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 1 III(slight) <4.8

8
FINAL April 2014
D:18
TABLED.14:SIGNIFICANTSEISMICEVENTSINCLAYCOUNTY(16381985)
WestPoint
WestPoint 12/17/1931 119.0km Unknown III
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
Theprobabilityofsignificant,damagingearthquakeeventsaffectingClayCountyisunlikely.However,it
is possible that future earthquakes resulting in light to moderate perceived shaking and damages
ranging from none to very light will affect the county. The annual probability level for the region is
estimatedtobebetween1and10percent(possible).
D.2.8 Landslide
steep slopes. Landslides are possible throughout Clay County but there is a very low incidence rate of
lessthan1.5percentoftheareainvolved(accordingtotheUSGSdata).
According to Figure D.6 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that

FINAL April 2014
D:19
FIGURED.6:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFCLAYCOUNTY
Source:USGS
There is no extensive history of landslides in Clay County. Landslide events typically occur in isolated
areas.

FINAL April 2014
D:20
events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Lowndes
of occurrence. It should also be noted that some areas in Clay County have greater risk than others
D.2.9 Expansive Soils
Due to the amount of clay minerals present in Clay County, expansive soils present a threat to the
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureD.7.Theareasinblueare
FIGURED.7:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
D:21
There is no historical record of significant expansive soil events in Clay County. However, expansive
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

D.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Clay County. All areas in Clay County are equally
susceptibletohurricaneandtropicalstorms.
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 1 Category 2 hurricane, 2 Category 1
hurricanes,and28tropicalstormsasshowninFigureD.8.
9
Of the recorded storm events, a total of four tracks passed directly through the county. These events
were all tropical storm strength at the time they traversed the county. Table D.15 provides the detail
for each storm that passed through the county including date of occurrence, name (if applicable),
maximumwindspeed(asrecordedwhentraversingthecounty)andcategoryofthestormbasedonthe
SaffirSimpsonScale.

9
FINAL April 2014
D:22
FIGURED.8:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFCLAYCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
D:23
TABLED.15:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFCLAYCOUNTY
(18502012)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
Federal records indicate that two disaster declarations were made in 2004 (Hurricane Ivan) and 2005
(HurricaneDennis).
10
Hurricaneandtropicalstormeventscancausesubstantialdamageintheareadue
tohighwindsandflooding.
Arleneliftednorth.

10
FINAL April 2014
D:24
Theprobabilityofbeingimpactedislessthancoastalareas,butstillremainsarealthreattoClayCounty
due to induced events like flooding. Based on historical evidence, the probability level of future
hazard, all areas in the county are equally exposed to this hazard. When the county is impacted, the
damagecouldbecatastrophic,threateninglivesandpropertythroughouttheplanningarea.
FINAL April 2014
D:25
D.2.11 Thunderstorm
favorableforgeneratingthesepowerfulstorms.Also,ClayCountytypicallyexperiencesseveralstraight
line wind events each year. These wind events can and have caused significant damage. It is assumed
thatClayCountyhasuniformexposuretoaneventandthespatialextentofanimpactcouldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumed that Clay County is uniformly exposed to severe thunderstorms; therefore, all areas of the
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofClayCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.
SeverestormsresultedineightdisasterdeclarationsinClayCountyin1979,threetimesin1991,2001,
2002,2003,and2010.
11
AccordingtoNCDC,therehavebeen102reportedthunderstormandhighwind
events since 1967 in Clay County.
12
These events caused over $2.8 million (2013 dollars) in damages.
There were also reports of one injury. Table D.16 summarizes this information. Table D.17 presents
detailedthunderstormandhighwindeventreportsincludingdate,magnitude,andassociateddamages
foreachevent.
13
TABLED.16:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
WestPoint 34 0/0 $2,070,424

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Clay County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
D:26
TABLED.17:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
WestPoint
WestPoint 30MAR93 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 55kts. 0/0 $0
WestPoint 25JUL94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852,283
WESTPT 20APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
WESTPT 16JUN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
WESTPT 27JAN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $787
WESTPT 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $5,874
WESTPT 02MAY00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $117,483
WESTPT 16FEB01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $42,773
WESTPT 17MAY04 TSTMWIND 51kts. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 20MAY05 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $6,334
WESTPT 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $122,987
WESTPT 21JUN06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 08JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $11,593
WESTPT 10JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 74kts. 0/0 $347,782
WESTPT 27MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $9,274
WESTPT 27FEB09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $225
WESTPT 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,753
WESTPT 30JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $13,506
WESTPT 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $159,135
WESTPT 05JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,305
WESTPT 10AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,305
WESTPT 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,060
WESTPT 05JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $15,450
WESTPT 20DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,060
WESTPT 10DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $61,800
UnincorporatedArea
CLAYCOUNTY 24OCT67 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 17JUL77 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 26MAY60 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 21JUN69 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 26JAN74 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 20MAR80 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
D:27
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
CLAYCOUNTY 09SEP90 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 13JUL92 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/4 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 01AUG85 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 20FEB89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 30DEC90 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 10OCT92 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 06AUG89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 18JUN90 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 28APR91 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
PHEBA 09JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
CLAYCOUNTY 27JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
CLAYCOUNTY 27JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
CLAYCOUNTY 27JAN95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 44kts. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 20APR95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,286
PHEBA 14APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
PHEBA 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
MONTPELIER 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
MONTPELIER 02MAR99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,025
COUNTYWIDE 27FEB99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $45,378
MONTPELIER 27FEB99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $30,252
WHITES 15JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,937
MONTPELIER 16DEC00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,406
PHEBA 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
COUNTYWIDE 20AUG02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,768
PHEBA 02JUN03 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $94,074
MONTPELIER 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,720
MONTPELIER 04JUL04 TSTMWIND 51kts. 0/0 $0
MONTPELIER 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,534
MONTPELIER 10MAY06 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $12,299
PINEBLUFF 18JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $17,911
CAHNS 20JUL07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WESTPTMC
CHARENAR 10JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 72kts. 0/1 $173,891
CAHNS 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
ABBOTT 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $11,593
MONTPELIER 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $13,911
PHEBA 23JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,319
ABBOTT 22JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $17,389
CLAYCOUNTY 28MAR09 STRONGWIND 43kts. 0/0 $5,628
ABBOTT 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $11,255
MONTPELIER 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $11,255
MONTPELIER 26JUL10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $27,318
FINAL April 2014
D:28
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
PHEBA 23JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
PHEBA 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $16,883
MONTPELIER 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 57kts. 0/0 $16,883
PHEBA 30JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $33,765
MONTPELIER 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
TIBBEE 05AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $16,391
ABBOTT 15JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
CEDARBLUFF 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 62kts. 0/0 $79,568
TIBBEE 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $3,183
MONTPELIER 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,183
WESTPTMC
CHARENAR 05JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $10,609
MONTPELIER 16JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,122
PINEBLUFF 02MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $5,150
PHEBA 01AUG12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,090
PINEBLUFF 10DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,090
Hailstorm
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,54recordedhailstormeventshaveaffectedClayCounty
since1965.
14
Table D.18isasummary ofthehaileventsinClayCounty.TableD.19 providesdetailed
information about each event that occurred in the county. In all, hail occurrences resulted in
approximately$75,000(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.Hailrangedindiameterfrom0.75inchesto
2.0 inches. It should be noted that hail is notorious for causing substantial damage to cars, roofs, and
TABLED.18:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
WestPoint 16 0/0 $16,045
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 54 0/0 $75,372
TABLED.19:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint
WestPoint 30MAR93 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 20APR96 0.75in. 0/0 $16
WESTPT 24APR99 0.75in. 0/0 $0

14
hail events have affected Clay County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
D:29
WESTPT 24APR99 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 02MAY00 1.00in. 0/0 $14,685
WESTPT 17OCT03 0.88in. 0/0 $1,344
WESTPT 19JUL06 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 04MAY06 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 19APR06 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 20APR06 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 07APR06 0.88in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 09MAY06 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 12MAY07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 11APR07 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 30JUN07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 06FEB08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WESTPT 02APR09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
CLAYCOUNTY 28MAR65 1.75in. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 26APR67 2.00in. 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTY 30MAR92 0.75in. 0/0 $0
PHEBA 30MAR93 1.75in. 0/0 $0
CEDARBLUFF 21APR96 0.88in. 0/0 $80
PHEBA 21APR97 1.75in. 0/0 $787
PHEBA 02MAY97 0.88in. 0/0 $94
MONTPELIER 28MAY98 1.75in. 0/0 $1,162
COUNTYWIDE 05MAY99 0.75in. 0/0 $0
CEDARBLUFF 02JUN01 0.88in. 0/0 $0
PHEBA 02MAY03 0.88in. 0/0 $1,344
MONTPELIER 05MAY03 1.75in. 0/0 $26,878
CEDARBLUFF 30MAR05 1.00in. 0/0 $0
ABBOTT 09MAY06 0.75in. 0/0 $0
PHEBA 08JAN08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CAHNS 10JAN08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WHITES 24MAY08 1.75in. 0/0 $28,982
WHITES 04JUL08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MONTPELIER 09DEC08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WESTPTMCCHAREN
AR 12JUN09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
ABBOTT 24APR10 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CEDARBLUFF 24APR10 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WESTPTMCCHAREN
AR 24APR10 0.75in. 0/0 $0
GRIFFITH 26JUN10 1.00in. 0/0 $0
ABBOTT 28JUN10 1.00in. 0/0 $0
TIBBEE 20APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
MONTPELIER 16JUN11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CAHNS 14MAR12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CAHNS 14MAR12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CAHNS 14MAR12 0.88in. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
D:30
WHITES 01AUG12 0.88in. 0/0 $0
PHEBA 01AUG12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
PHEBA 01AUG12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been no recorded lightning events in Clay
Countysince1950,aslistedinsummaryTableD.20.
15
However,itislikelythatlightningeventshavein
fact impacted the county. Many of the reported events are only those that caused damage, and it
shouldbeexpectedthatdamagesarelikelymuchhigherforthishazardthanwhatisreported.
TABLED.20:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
WestPoint 0 0/0 $0
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 0 0/0 $0
Giventhehighnumberofpreviousevents,itiscertainthatthunderstormevents,includingstraightline
wind events, will occur in the future. This results in a probability level of highly likely (100 percent
annualprobability)fortheentirecounty.
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Clay County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be expected
that future hail events will continue to cause minor damage to property and vehicles throughout the
county.
Lightning
AlthoughtherewerenohistoricallightningeventsreportedinClayCountyviaNCDCdata,itisaregular
occurrenceaccompaniedbythunderstorms.Infact,lightningeventswillassuredlyhappenonanannual
basis,thoughnotalleventswillcausedamage.AccordingtoVaisalasU.S.NationalLightningDetection
Network(NLDN
),ClayCountyislocatedinanareaofthecountrythatexperiencedanaverageof6to8
lightning flashes per square kilometer per year between 1997 and 2010. Therefore, the probability of
future events is highly likely (100 percent annual probability). It can be expected that future lightning
eventswillcontinuetothreatenlifeandcauseminorpropertydamagesthroughoutthecounty.

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Clay County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
D:31
D.2.12 Tornado
Tornadoes occur throughout the state of Mississippi, and thus in Clay County. Tornadoes typically
Therefore,itisassumedthatClayCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in eight disaster declarations in Clay County in 1973, 1979, twice in 1991, 2001,
2002,2003,and2011.
16
Accordingto theNational ClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeen atotalof14
recordedtornadoeventsinClayCountysince1950(TableD.21),resultinginnearly$16.3million(2013
17
Inaddition,onefatalityandfourinjurieswerereported.Themagnitude
of these tornadoes ranges from F0 to F3 in intensity, although an F5 event is possible. Detailed
informationonhistorictornadoeventscanbefoundinTableD.22.
TABLED.21:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
WestPoint 3 0/0 $274,487
TABLEA.22:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINCLAYCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
WestPoint
WESTPT 18OCT04 F0 0/0 $1,305
Stormchaserscapturedthisweaktornadoon
videoasitmovedeastacrossnorthernClay
county,sixmilesnortheastofWestPoint.
WESTPT 13MAR06 F0 0/0 $0
ThisweaktornadowaswitnessedalongtheClay/
MonroeCountylineasitmovedacrossaHoulka
CreekwestofHighway45.Trafficwasstopped
alongthehighwayasmanypeopleviewedthe
tornado.

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Clay County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
D:32
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
WESTPT 29NOV10 F1 0/0 $273,182
ThetornadostartednearHighway45Alternate
northnorthwestofWestPoint,whereafewtrees
weresnappedandaroadsignwastwisted.A
billboardwasblownapartwithtinfromthe
billboardscatteredacrossafield.Nearthe
intersectionofTvaRoadandHazelwoodRoad,six
homeshadminorshingledamage,andfivesheds
weredamagedordestroyed.Multipletreeswere
alsouprootedandsnapped.Maximumwinds
werearound90mph.
UnincorporatedArea
CLAY
COUNTY 27MAR50 F2 0/0 $0
CLAY
COUNTY 14APR53 F0 0/0 $236,634
CLAY
COUNTY 14MAY53 F2 0/1 $0
CLAY
COUNTY 03APR56 F2 0/2 $2,325,304
CLAY
COUNTY 26JUN66 F0 0/0 $19,528
CLAY
COUNTY 20MAR76 F3 0/1 $1,111,264
CLAY
COUNTY 20MAR80 F1 1/0 $76,624
CLAY
COUNTY 25AUG85 F0 0/0 $5,872,665
CLAY
COUNTY 19JAN88 F3 0/0 $5,335,246
WHITES 24APR10 F2 0/0 $87,418
ThistornadotoucheddownnearBartonFerry
Roadandtrackednortheastforashortdistance.
Threesetsofmetalpowerpoleswereblown
downinafieldoffBartonFerryRoad.Several
treesandpowerlineswerealsoblowndown
alongwithanoutbuildingdestroyed.Maximum
windswerearound115mph.
PINEBLUFF 27APR11 F2 0/0 $954,810
ThistornadotoucheddowninnorthernChoctaw
Countyandeventuallytrackedacrossmultiple
countiesasitmovednortheast.Manythousands
oftreesweresnappedoruprootedalongthe
pathofthistornado.Numerousroofsofhomes
wereseverelydamaged.Numerousmobile
homeswereseverelydamagedandseveral
mobilehomeswerecompletelydestroyed.
Numerousbarnsandshedsreceivedheavy
damageorweredestroyed.Numerouspower
polesandpowerlinesweredown.Extensive
damageoccurredtoaschoolinCumberland,
WebsterCounty,andthiswasthebasisforthe
EF3rating.Maximumwindswerearound140
mph.TotalpathlengthacrossChoctaw,Webster,
Clay,Chickasaw,andMonroeCountieswas59
miles.
FINAL April 2014
D:33
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
states of Alabama and Mississippi. During this outbreak, one F2 tornado was reported in Choctaw
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Clay County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Clay County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
D.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
ClayCountyasnoTRIsites,asshowninFigureA.9.

FINAL April 2014
D:34
FIGURED.9:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINCLAYCOUNTY
Source:EPA
There have been a total of 13 recorded HAZMAT incidents in Clay County since 1971 (Table D.23),
resulting in $900 in property damages. Table D.24 presents detailed information on historic HAZMAT
incidents in Clay County as reported by the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous
MaterialsSafetyAdministration(PHMSA).
TABLED.23:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
WestPoint 12 0/0 $900
FINAL April 2014
D:35
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 13 0/0 $900
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLED.24:HAZMATINCIDENTSINCLAYCOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
WestPoint
I1975110453 11/7/1975 WESTPOINT Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I1999090907 8/15/1999 WESTPOINT Highway Yes 0/0 $900 1,300SLB
I1988100253 9/28/1988 WESTPOINT Highway No 0/0 $0 100LGA
I1987120048 12/8/1987 WESTPOINT Highway Yes 0/0 $0 40,780SLB
UnincorporatedArea
I1992020028 12/11/1991 PHEBA Highway No 0/0 $0 50LGA
Source:USDOTPHMSA
AlthoughtherearenotoxicreleaseinventorysitesinClayCounty,therehavebeenseveralroadwayand
rail incidents. Therefore, it is possible that a hazardous material incident may occur in the county
(betweenonepercentandtenpercentannualprobability).Countyandtownofficialsaremindfulofthis
possibility and take precautions to prevent such an event from occurring. Furthermore, there are
detailedplansinplacetorespondtoanoccurrence.
Despite the fact that there are no TRI sites and a limited record of previous events in the county,
hazardous materials incidents will continue to be a threat. The county may also be impacted by
neighboringcountieswhichalsofaceriskduetoTRIsitesandnarrowroadways.
D.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.ClayCountychosetoanalyzethis
hazardgiventhelargenumberofpoultryfarmsinthearea.Poultryhasservedashostforvirusesthat
ultimatelymutatetoinfecthumans.

FINAL April 2014
D:36
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th
State,"onOctober4
th
widelyrecorded.
19

18
19
FINAL April 2014
D:37
Based on historical occurrence information, it is assumed that Clay County has a probability level of

D.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk
HAZARDEXTENT
Table D.25 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for Clay County. The extent of a

FINAL April 2014
D:38
TABLED.25:EXTENTOFCLAYCOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor30.3percentofthetotallandareainClayCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheChuquatoncheeCreeknearWestPointin
1973.Waterreachedadischargeof57,100cubicfeetpersecondandthestream
gageheightwasrecordedat24.58feet.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinClayCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).NodamsareclassifiedashighhazardinClayCounty.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinClay
county)was11.7inchesin1904andinMeridian(southofthecounty)was14.0
inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.ClayCountyhasreceivedthis
rankingtwiceoverthethirteenyearreportingperiod.
ChoctawCounty.However,thehighestrecordedtemperatureinJackson
Wildfire
occurinClayCountyinanyyearwas29in2011.Thegreatestnumberofacresto
burninthecountyinasingleyearoccurredin2004when198acreswereburned.
Althoughthisdataliststheextentthathasoccurred,largerandmorefrequent
wildfiresarepossiblethroughoutthecounty.
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromClayCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
WestPointwithaMMIofIII(slight)withacorrelatingRichterScalemeasurement
oflessthan4.8.
FINAL April 2014
D:39
Landslide
inClayCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinClayCounty.Again,thisprovidesachallenge
whentryingtodetermineanaccurateextentfortheexpansivesoilshazard.
However,whenusingUSGSdataonsoilswithclayswellingpotential,extentcan
bemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinClayCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughClayCountywasatropicalstorm
(unnamedstormsin1923and1948)whichcarriedtropicalforcewindsof46
milesperhouruponarrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinClayCountywaslastreportedon
January10,2008at74knots(approximately51mph).Itshouldbenotedthat
reportedinClayCountywas2.0inches(reportedonApril26,1967).Itshouldbe
notedthatfutureeventsmayexceedthis.
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),ClayCountyislocated
inanareathatexperiences6to8lightningflashespersquarekilometerperyear.
Itshouldbenotedthatfuturelightningoccurrencesmayexceedthesefigures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinClayCountywasanF3(lastreported
onJanuary19,1988).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis40,780SLBreleasedonthehighwayinWestPoint.Itshouldbenoted
Pandemic
Theextentofapandemicimpactingthecountyisdifficulttoestimate.Itcould
life.
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskforClayCounty,theresultsofthe
hazardprofilingprocesswereusedtogeneratecountywidehazardclassificationsaccordingtoaPriority
RiskIndex(PRI).MoreinformationonthePRIandhowitwascalculatedcanbefoundinSection5.16.2.
Table D.26 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
FINAL April 2014
D:40
TABLED.26:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORCLAYCOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
Expansive Likely Minor Small Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 2.1
WindrelatedHazards
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
D.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Clay County, including the PRI results and
input from the Regional Hazard Mitigation Council, resulted in the classification of risk for each
identified hazard according to three categories: High Risk, Moderate Risk, and Low Risk (Table D.27).
impact that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Clay County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionA.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
FINAL April 2014
D:41
TABLED.27:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORCLAYCOUNTY
D.3 CLAY COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Clay County to the significant hazards
D.3.1 Asset Inventory
TableD.28liststheestimatednumberofimprovedpropertiesandthetotalvalueofimprovementsfor
Clay County and its participating jurisdictions (study area of vulnerability assessment). This data was
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
D:42
TABLED.28:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Improved
Properties
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
WestPoint 5,532 $1,262,664,000
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 9,513 $1,786,342,000
Table D.29 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinClayCounty.Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecriticalfacilitiesforthe
county and this data was updated to reflect current conditions. In addition, Figure D.10 shows the
locations of essential facilities in Clay County. Table D.41, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLED.29:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINCLAYCOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
WestPoint 2 2 1 1 9
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 2 2
1 1 10
Source:HazusMH

FINAL April 2014
D:43
FIGURED.10:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINCLAYCOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
D.3.2 Social Vulnerability
and assess those particular segments of the resident population in Clay County that are potentially at
risktothesehazards.
TableD.30liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
data is presented at the county and municipal level. The total population in Clay County according to
Censusdatais20,634persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionA.1.

FINAL April 2014
D:44
TABLED.30:TOTALPOPULATIONINCLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint 11,203
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 20,634
Inaddition,FigureD.11illustratesthepopulationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
20

20

FINAL April 2014
D:45
FIGURED.11:POPULATIONDENSITYINCLAYCOUNTY
D.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Clay County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning region
(drought,hailstorm,lightning,pandemic,thunderstormwind,tornado,andwinterstormandfreeze)or,
duetolackofdata,analysiswouldnotleadtocredibleresults(damandleveefailure,erosion,expansive
soils,andlandslide).Thetotalcountyexposure,andthusrisk,waspresentedinTableD.29.

FINAL April 2014
D:46
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableD.41.
FLOOD
HistoricalevidenceindicatesthatClayCountyissusceptibletofloodevents.Atotalofninefloodevents
have been reported by the National Climatic Data Center resulting in $1.2 million (2013 dollars) in
damages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$103,259forClayCounty.
TABLED.31:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
WestPoint N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL
Source:FEMADFIRM
SocialVulnerability
on population atrisk to flood due to tract level population data. Figure D.12 is presented to gain a

FINAL April 2014
D:47
FIGURED.12:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisrevealedthatthereareanocriticalfacilitieslocatedintheClayCounty1.0
percent annual chance floodplain and 0.2percent annual chance floodplain based on FEMA DFIRM
TableD.41attheendofthissection.
ClayCounty,thoughsomeareasareatahigherriskthanothers. Alltypesofstructuresinafloodplain
are atrisk, though elevated structures will have a reduced risk. As noted, the floodplains used in this
analysis include the 100year and 500year FEMA regulated floodplain boundaries. It is certainly
possible that more severe events could occur beyond these boundaries or urban (flash) flooding could
impact additional structures. Such sitespecific vulnerability determinations are outside the scope of
this assessment but will be considered during future plan updates. Furthermore, areas subject to
repetitivefloodingshouldbeanalyzedforpotentialmitigationactions.

FINAL April 2014
D:48
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Clay County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are few
reportsofdamage.Therefore,itisdifficulttocalculateareliableannualizedlossfigure.Annualizedloss
isconsiderednegligiblethoughitshouldbenotedthatasingleeventcouldresultinsignificantdamages
Figure D.13 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Clay County has very little
landlabeledasatrisk,muchlikemostoftheothercountiesintheMEMADistrict4Region.Sinceallof
thislandareaisonthelowertenthoftheoverallLOCscale,thereislikelyconsiderablylessriskinClay
Countythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableD.31showstheresultsoftheanalysis.
FIGURED.13:WILDFIRERISKAREASINCLAYCOUNTY
TABLED.32:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
WestPoint* 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea* 161 $22,139,000
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 161 $22,139,000
areas. While the jurisdictions report a fairly low level of concern, each should mindful that wildfire
potentialexiststhroughoutthecountyandfiremayquicklyspreadtothoselowerareasofconcern.
SocialVulnerability

FINAL April 2014
D:49
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableA.41
facilities,andpopulationsinClayCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
21
TableD.32summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLED.33:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
ClayCounty $54,000 $1,786,293,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.
populationsinClayCounty.TheHazusMHscenarioindicatesthatminimaldamageisexpectedfroman
earthquake occurrence. While Clay County may not experience a large earthquake (the greatest on
recordisamagnitudeIIIMMI),localizeddamageispossiblewithanoccurrence.Alistofspecificcritical
facilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableD.40attheendofthissection.

21
FINAL April 2014
D:50
Historical evidence indicates that Clay County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical storm
hazard. There have been two disaster declarations due to hurricanes (Hurricanes Ivan and Dennis).
Several tracks have come near or traversed through the county, as shown and discussed in Section
D.2.10.
22
forthecountyasshownbelowinTableD.33.Only
TABLED.34:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
ClayCounty $61,000 $1,786,293,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableD.34.
TABLED.35:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
ClayCounty $0 $1,786,293,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
Given equal vulnerability across Clay County, all critical facilities are considered to be at risk. Some
TableD.41attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinClayCounty.

22
FINAL April 2014
D:51
Although historical evidence and existing Toxic Release Inventory sites indicate that Clay County is
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforClayCounty.
referenced TRI listed toxic sites in Clay County, along with buffers, were used for analysis as shown in
Figure D.14. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
impact people and buildings, were used for the GIS buffer analysis. Figure D.15 shows the areas used
propertiesandimprovedvalue,asshowninTableD.35(fixedsites)andTableD.36(mobilesites).
23

23
FINAL April 2014
D:52
FIGURED.14:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINCLAYCOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLED.36:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
WestPoint 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea 0 $0 0 $0
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 0 $0 0 $0

FINAL April 2014
D:53
FIGURED.15:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINCLAYCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
D:54
TABLED.37:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
WestPoint 2,572 $690,150,000 1,401 $391,345,000
CLAYCOUNTYTOTAL 3,346 $797,845,000 1,989 $479,192,000
Source:HazusMH
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisforfixedTRIsitesrevealedthattherearenoClayCountyfacilitieslocatedina
HAZMATriskzone.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableD.41
MobileAnalysis:
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisfortransportationcorridorsinClayCountyrevealedthatthereare14critical
facilities located in the primary and secondary mobile HAZMAT buffer areas, including four facilities in
theprimarybufferarea.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTable
D.41attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Clay County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at the
highestrisk,thoughallareascarrysomevulnerabilityduetovariationsinconditionsthatcouldalterthe
impact area (i.e., direction and speed of wind, volume of release, etc). Further, incidents from
TableD.37presentsasummaryofannualizedlossforeachhazardinClayCounty.Duetothereporting
ofhazarddamagesprimarilyatthecountylevel,itwasdifficulttodetermineanaccurateannualizedloss
estimate for each municipality. Therefore, an annualized loss was determined through the damage
reported through historical occurrences at the county level. These values should be used as an
additional planning tool or measure risk for determining hazard mitigation strategies throughout the
region.

FINAL April 2014
D:55
TABLED.38:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORCLAYCOUNTY
Event ClayCounty
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $103,259
Erosion Negligible
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $54,000
Expansive Negligible
WindrelatedHazards
Hail $2,180
Tornado $284,776
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableD.38showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
D:56
MEMA District 4 Hazard Mitigation Plan

FINAL April 2014
D:57
TABLED.39:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINCLAYCOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
4
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CLAYCOUNTY

WestClayElem School
X X X X X X X X
WestPointCityEmergencyMgmt EOC
X X X X X X X X X
WestPointFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
WestPointFireDepartment#2
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
NorthMississippiMedicalCenterWP
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
WestPointPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
WestPointPoliceChief
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OakHillAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
SouthSideElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X
ChurchHillElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
WestSideAlternativeSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
EastSideElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
FifthStreetSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X

24
MEMA District 4 Hazard Mitigation Plan

FINAL April 2014
D:58

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
4
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
WestPointHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
CentralSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
CatherineBryanPreschool School
X X X X X X X X X

FINAL April 2014
D:59
D.4 CLAY COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
ThissubsectiondiscussesthecapabilityofClayCountytoimplementhazardmitigationactivities.More
informationonthepurposeandmethodologyusedtoconducttheassessmentcanbefoundinSection
7:CapabilityAssessment.
D.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableD.39providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
underdevelopmentforClayCounty.Acheckmark()indicatesthatthegivenitemiscurrentlyinplace
and being implemented. An asterisk (*) indicates that the given item is currently being developed for
future implementation. Each of these local plans, ordinances, and programs should be considered
MitigationPlan.
TABLED.40:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
CLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
ClayCountyhaspreviouslyadoptedahazardmitigationplan.TheCityofWestPointwasalsoincluded
inthisplan.
ClayCountymaintainsanemergencyoperationsplanthroughitsEmergencyManagementAgency.The
CityofWestPointisalsocoveredbythisplan.

FINAL April 2014
D:60
GENERALPLANNING
Clay County adopted a county comprehensive plan in 1973. The City of West Point also adopted a
comprehensiveplan,whichisincludedasachapterinthecitydevelopmentcode,in2000.
ZoningOrdinance
Clay County adopted a zoning ordinance in 1972. The City of West Point also adopted a zoning
ordinance,whichisincludedinthecitydevelopmentcode,in2000.
Clay County adopted subdivision regulations in 1976. The City of West Point also adopted subdivision
regulations,whichareincludedinthecitydevelopmentcode,in2000.
ClayCounty,hasnotadoptedabuildingcode.However,theCityofWestPointhasadoptedabuilding.
TableD.40providesNFIPpolicyandclaiminformationforeachparticipatingjurisdictioninClayCounty.
TABLED.41:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
CLAYCOUNTY 7/16/90 5/3/11 107 $16,216,600 24 $174,198
WestPoint 1/5/78 5/3/11 153 $18,592,700 57 $624,288
ordinance.ClayCountyandtheCityofWestPointbothparticipateintheNFIPandhaveadoptedflood
damagepreventionordinances.
StormwaterManagementPlan
ClayCountyhasnotadoptedastormwatermanagementplan.However,theCityofWestPointincludes
standardsforstormwaterretentioninthecitydevelopmentcode.
D.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
Table D.41 provides a summary of the capability assessment results for Clay County with regard to

FINAL April 2014
D:61
TABLED.42:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
CLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint
D.4.3 Fiscal Capability
TableD.42providesasummaryoftheresultsforClayCountywithregardtorelevantfiscalresources.A
checkmark()indicatesthatthegivenfiscalresourceislocallyavailableforhazardmitigationpurposes
(including match funds for state and federal mitigation grant funds) according to the previous county
hazardmitigationplan.

FINAL April 2014
D:62
TABLED.43:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
CLAYCOUNTY
WestPoint
D.4.4 Political Capability
Duringthemonthsimmediatelyfollowingadisaster,localpublicopinioninClayCountyismorelikelyto
shiftinsupportofhazardmitigationefforts.
D.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table D.436 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology
jurisdictionsis28.0,whichfallsintothemoderatecapabilityranking.
TABLED.44:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
CLAYCOUNTY 26 Moderate
WestPoint 30 Moderate
D.5 CLAY COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforClayCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerabletoits
identified hazards. It is based on general consensus of the Hazard Mitigation Council and the findings
andconclusionsofthecapabilityassessmentandriskassessment.AdditionalInformationcanbefound
inSection8:MitigationStrategyandSection9:MitigationActionPlan.

FINAL April 2014
D:63
D.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Clay County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableD.44.
TABLED.45:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6
D.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
The mitigation actions proposed by Clay County and the City of West Point are listed in the following
individualMitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
D:64
Clay County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PP2

FINAL April 2014
D:65
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuturestructure/
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
CoveredbyClayCounty
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
D:66
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
D:67
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6

FINAL April 2014
D:68
City of West Point Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PP2

FINAL April 2014
D:69
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuturestructure/
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
CoveredbyClayCounty
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
D:70
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2
PEA3
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
D:71
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6

Annex E
Lowndes County
FINAL April 2014
E:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Lowndes County and its participating
E.1LowndesCountyCommunityProfile
E.2LowndesCountyRiskAssessment
E.3LowndesCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
E.4LowndesCountyCapabilityAssessment
E.5LowndesCountyMitigationStrategy
E.1 LOWNDES COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

E.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Lowndes County is located in north east Mississippi. It comprises four municipalities, the Town of
Artesia,theTownofCaledonia,theCityofColumbus,andtheTownofCrawford,aswellasmanysmall
unincorporatedcommunities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureE.1.
ThecountyissituatedaroundtheTombigbeeRiverontheMississippi/Alabamastateline.Thetotalarea
ofthecountyis516squaremiles,11squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
upper60sto70F.Wintertemperaturesrangefromhighsinthemid50stolowsaround32F.Average
annualrainfallisapproximately55inches,withthewettestmonthsbeingDecemberthroughFebruary.
ANNEX E: LOWNDES COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
E:2
FIGUREE.1:LOWNDESCOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
E.1.2 Population and Demographics
Accordingtothe2010Census,LowndesCountyhasapopulationof59,779people.Thecountyhasseen
almost3%declineinpopulationbetween2000and2010,andthepopulationdensityis118peopleper
bothoftheparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableE.1.
TABLEE.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORLOWNDESCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
LowndesCounty 59,308 61,586 59,779 2.9%
Artesia 484 498 440 11.6%
Caledonia 821 1,015 1,041 2.6%
Columbus 23,799 25,944 23,640 8.9%
Crawford 668 655 641 2.1%

FINAL April 2014
E:3
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Lowndes County is 36.0 years. The racial
characteristics of the county are presented in Table E.2. Whites make up a slight majority of the
populationinthecounty,withblacksaccountingfornearly44percentofthepopulation.
TABLEE.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFLOWNDESCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
LowndesCounty 54.0% 43.5% 0.2% 2.4% 1.5%
Artesia 13.0% 84.5% 0.0% 2.5% 0.5%
Caledonia 92.7% 4.0% 0.3% 3.0% 2.4%
Columbus 37.4% 60.0% 0.2% 2.4% 1.4%
Crawford 8.0% 89.9% 0.6% 1.6% 0.6%
E.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 26,556 housing units in Lowndes County, the majority of
whicharesinglefamilyhomesormobilehomes.Housinginformationforthecountyandfourtownsis
presentedinTableE.3.Asshowninthetable,thefourincorporatedtownshavesimilarpercentagesof
TABLEE.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFLOWNDESCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
LowndesCounty 25,104 26,556 1.0% $110,400
Artesia 196 187 1.1% $59,800
Caledonia 395 445 0.9% $133,800
Columbus 11,112 10,943 0.6% $95,100
Crawford 251 244 1.2% $60,600
E.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Lowndes County, US Highway 45 passes through Columbus and provides access to the north and
south, linking the county to Monroe County and Noxubee County. US Highway 82, which crosses east
and west, also travels through Columbus and provides access to Alabama and neighboring Oktibbeha
County.
TheColumbusLowndesCountyAirportprovideslimitedlocalserviceandregionalairtravelconnections
are available through Golden Triangle Regional Airport. The closest international airports are in
Memphis,TennesseeandJackson,Mississippi,bothapproximately150milesawayfromthecounty.
FINAL April 2014
E:4
Rail service to the area is provided by Kansas City Southern Railway, Burlington Northern and Santa Fe
Railway,andfourshortlinerailroads,butthereisnopassengerserviceofferedatthistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Lowndes County is provided by the Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors, including Four County Electric Power Association (EPA) and Monroe County EPA. The
ColumbusLightandWateralsoservesresidentsintheCityofColumbusandColumbusAirForceBase.
WaterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheTownofArtesia,theTownofCaledonia,theCity
ofColumbus,andtheTownofCrawfordaswellasvarietyofliftstationsandruralwaterassociations.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Lowndes County.
ThereisonehospitallocatedinLowndesCounty.BaptistMemorialHospitalGoldenTriangleisa328
bedmedicalsurgicalhospitallocatedintheCityofColumbus.
Recreational opportunities in Lowndes County include hunting, fishing, golfing, swimming, boating,
hiking,andpicnicking.TheseactivitiesareavailableattheTennesseeTombigbeeWaterway;Columbus
Lake, Lake Lowndes State Park; Propst Park; Stinson Creek Recreation Area; Columbia Marina; and
numerouslocalparksofferingsportsfields,playgrounds,andpicnicareas.
E.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Lowndes County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
E.1.6 Employment and Industry
AccordingtotheMississippiEmploymentSecurityCommission,in2012,LowndesCountyhadanaverage
9.2percentforthestate).In2012,theManufacturingindustryemployed18.5percentoftheworkforce
followed by Retail Trade (15.7%) and Health Care and Social Assistance (14.9%). The average annual
wagein2012forLowndesCountywas$39,104comparedto$37,440fortheStateofMississippi.
E.2 LOWNDES COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT

FINAL April 2014
E:5
Identification as they pertain to Lowndes County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
E.2.1 Flood
There are areas in Lowndes County that are susceptible to flood events. Special flood hazard areas in
Rate Maps (DFIRM).
1
GISanalysis,ofthe520squaremilesthatmakeupLowndesCounty,thereare160squaremilesofland
inzonesAandAE(1percentannualchancefloodplain/100yearfloodplain)and12squaremileofland
These flood zone values account for 33.1 percent of the total land area in Lowndes County. It is
related losses often do occur outside of delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure E.2, Figure E.3,
FigureE.4,FigureE.5,andFigureE.6illustratethelocationandextentofcurrentlymappedspecialflood
hazard areas for Lowndes County, the Town of Artesia, the Town of Caledonia, the City of Columbus,
andtheTownofCrawfordbasedonbestavailableFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Lowndes County were updated in 2011.

FINAL April 2014
E:6
FIGUREE.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINLOWNDESCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
E:7
FIGUREE.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINARTESIA

FINAL April 2014
E:8
FIGUREE.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCALEDONIA

FINAL April 2014
E:9
FIGUREE.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCOLUMBUS

FINAL April 2014
E:10
FIGUREE.6:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINCRAWFORD

FINAL April 2014
E:11
Floods resulted in six disaster declarations in Lowndes County in 1973, 1979, 1983, and three times in
1991.
2
InformationfromtheNationalClimaticDataCenterwasusedtoascertainhistoricalfloodevents.
The National Climatic Data Center reported a total of 27 events in Lowndes County since 1995.
3
A
summary of these events is presented in Table E.4. These events accounted for nearly $7.5 million
(2013 dollars) in property damage in the county. Specific information on flood events, including date,
typeofflooding,anddeathsandinjuries,canbefoundinTableE.5.
TABLEE.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Artesia 1 0/0 $1,126
Columbus 9 0/0 $3,927,382
Crawford 0 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 27 0/0 $7,497,161
TABLEE.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Artesia
ARTESIA 16MAY09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,126
Caledonia
CALEDONIA 23SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $2,251
CALEDONIA 30NOV10 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,278
Columbus
Columbus 21APR95 FLOOD 0/0 $8,286
COLUMBUS 27JUN01 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 21FEB03 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,344
COLUMBUS 04AUG03 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $107,513
COLUMBUS 07JUN04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $26,095
COLUMBUS 09DEC04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $32,619
COLUMBUS 09MAY06 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,689,622
COLUMBUS 16SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $5,628
COLUMBUS 08DEC09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $56,275
Crawford
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
LOWNDESCOUNTY 07JAN98 FLOOD 0/0 $480,156
COUNTYWIDE 24JAN02 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $6,921

2
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
E:12
LOWNDESCOUNTY 06FEB04 FLOOD 0/0 $391,432
WESTPORTION 29AUG05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $126,677
(GTR)COLUMBUSRGNLA 06JAN09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $168,826
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 27FEB09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $22,510
NEWHOPE 27FEB09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $506,479
INTERSTATECITY 12OCT09 FLOOD 0/0 $56,275
INTERSTATECITY 30NOV10 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $10,927
INTERSTATECITY 01JAN11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $53,045
INTERSTATECITY 10MAR11 FLOOD 0/0 $31,827
INTERSTATECITY 04APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $530,450
FLYNN 15APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $106,090
INTERSTATECITY 20APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,060,900
FLYNN 05SEP11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $10,609
reported in Lowndes County through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since 1978, totaling
over $6.2 million in claims payments. A summary of these figures for the county is provided in Table
E.6. It should be emphasized that these numbers include only those losses to structures that were
insured through the NFIP policies, and for losses in which claims were sought and received. It is likely
that many additional instances of flood loss in Lowndes County were either uninsured, denied claims
payment,ornotreported.
TABLEE.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Artesia*
Caledonia*
Columbus 451 $3,147,710
Crawford*
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 914 $6,269,581
Source:FEMA,NFIP
AsofMay2013,thereare123nonmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedinLowndesCountywhich
accounted for losses and approximately $3.9 million in claims payments under the NFIP. The average
claim amount for these properties is $8,609. Of the 123 properties, 85 are single family residential, 6
are24family,2areassumedcondominiums,1isotherresidential,and29arenonresidential.Without
mitigation these properties will likely continue to experience flood losses. Table E.7 presents detailed
informationonrepetitivelosspropertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciesforLowndesCounty.

FINAL April 2014
E:13
TABLEE.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Artesia*
Caledonia*
Columbus 60
34single
family,62
4family,1
assumed
condo,1
other
residential,
18non
residential 185 $1,176,015 $556,404 $1,732,419 $9,364
Crawford*
51single
family,1
assumed
condo,11
non
residential 186 $1,126,573 $334,953 $1,461,525 $7,858
LOWNDESCOUNTY
TOTAL
123 371 $2,302,588 $891,356 $3,193,944 $8,609
Flood events will remain a threat in Lowndes County, and the probability of future occurrences will
properties that risk varies throughout the county. For example, the central portion of the county has
more floodplain and thus a higher risk of flood than the remainder of the county. Flood is not the
E.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Lowndes County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concernforerosioninLowndesCountyareprimarilyriversandstreams.Generally,vegetationhelpsto

FINAL April 2014
E:14
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in Lowndes County. This includes searching
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessforLowndesCounty,anditwillcontinueto
E.2.3 Dam Failure
Lowndes County.
4
Figure E.7 shows thelocation of each of these high hazard dams and Table E.8 lists
them by name. According to a consensus of local government officials and the Regional Hazard
MitigationCouncil,amajorityofthesedamswouldnotposeathreatinabreachorfailureoccurrence.

4
FINAL April 2014
E:15
FIGUREE.7:LOWNDESCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS

FINAL April 2014
E:16
TABLEE.8:LOWNDESCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName
Hazard
Potential
LowndesCounty
PENNINGTONLAKENUMBER4DAM High
PRAIRIEWATERSNUMBER2DAM High
There is no record of dam breaches in Lowndes County. However, several breach scenarios in the
E.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Lowndes County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
WinterweatherhasresultedinonedisasterdeclarationinLowndesCountyin1999.
5
Accordingtothe
NationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalofeightrecordedwinterstormeventsinLowndes
County since 1996 (Table E.9).
6
These events resulted in almost $124,000 (2013 dollars) in damages.
DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableE.10.
7

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Lowndes County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
E:17
TABLEE.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEE.10:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Artesia
NoneReported
Caledonia
NoneReported
Columbus
NoneReported
Crawford
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
LOWNDESCOUNTY 01FEB96 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $33,523
LOWNDESCOUNTY 21DEC00 ICESTORM 0/0 $1,958
LOWNDESCOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $86,989
LOWNDESCOUNTY 20DEC00 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $1,469
LOWNDESCOUNTY 07JAN10 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 15DEC10 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 14JAN11 COLD/WINDCHILL 1/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 09JAN11 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $0
There have been several severe winter weather events in Lowndes County. The text below describes
January2000
ANNEX E: L
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap

PROBABI
Winter st
annualpr
FIRER

E.2.5 D
LOCATIO
Drought a
political b
drought a
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
twelveof
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
LOWNDES COU
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
ILITYOFFUT
torm events w
obabilityislik
RELATED
Drought
ONANDSPA
and heat wa
boundaries.
and heat wa
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
gtotheU.S.D
f thelastthirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLEE.
rmallyDry
UNTY
al Hazard Mit
TUREOCCUR
will continue
kely(between
D HAZAR
TIALEXTENT
aves typically
Furthermore,
aves, making
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
DroughtMon
teenyears(2
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
.11:HISTOR
ModerateDro
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
tigation Plan
RRENCES
e to occur in
n10and100
RDS
T
y cover a larg
, it is assume
the spatial
onstypicallyd
ions.
itor,Lowndes
20002012).T
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
RICALDROUG
ughtSeve
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
Lowndes Co
percent).
ge area and
ed that Lown
extent poten
donotcauses
sCountyhad
TableE.11sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
CalhounC
EXCEPTIO
MODER
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
ABNOR
SEVE
EXCEPTIO
MODER
ABNOR
SEVE
MODER
unty. Based
cannot be c
des County w
ntially widesp
significantda
droughtleve
howsthemos
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
RENCESINLO
ExtremeDro
County
ONAL
RATE
MAL
NE
MAL
MAL
RE
ONAL
RATE
MAL
RE
RATE
on historica
confined to a
would be unif
pread. It is
amagetothe
els(including
stseveredro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
OWNDESCOU
oughtExc
al information
any geograph
formly expos
also notable
builtenviron
abnormallyd
ought classific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
UNTY
eptionalDrough
E:18
n, the
hic or
sed to
e that
nment
dry)in
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
FINAL April 2014
E:19
There were no reported drought events for Lowndes County according to the National Climatic Data
Center.
HeatWave
county.
straightdays.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatLowndesCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofLowndesCountyhasaprobability
E.2.6 Wildfire
2012 ABNORMAL
FINAL April 2014
E:20
FigureE.8showstheFireOccurrenceAreas(FOA)inLowndesCountybasedondatafromtheSouthern
FIGUREE.8:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Lowndes County
indicatesthatmostofthesefiresaresmall,averagingtenacresperfire.TableE.12providesasummary
of wildfire occurrences in Lowndes County and Table E.13 lists the number of reported wildfire

FINAL April 2014
E:21
TABLEE.12:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Lowndes
County
TABLEE.13:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
LowndesCounty
Numberof
Fires
10 4 9 12 19 28 20 6 3 13
Numberof
Acres
Burned
56 35 78 128 314 269 137 111 12 137
WildfireeventswillbeanongoingoccurrenceinLowndesCounty.Thelikelihoodofwildfiresincreases
probabilityassignedtoLowndesCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

E.2.7 Earthquake
Figure E.9 shows the intensity level associated with Lowndes County, based on the national USGS map
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Lowndes
FINAL April 2014
E:22
FIGUREE.9:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
At least four earthquakes are known to have affected Lowndes County since 1886. The strongest of
thesemeasuredaVontheModifiedMercalliIntensity(MMI)scale.TableE.14providesasummaryof
E.15 presents a detailed occurrence of each event including the date, distance for the epicenter,
8

8
FINAL April 2014
E:23
TABLEE.14:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Artesia 0
Caledonia 0
Columbus 3 V <4.8
Crawford 0
UnincorporatedArea 1 III <4.8
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 4 V(slightlystrong) <4.8
TABLEE.15:SIGNIFICANTSEISMICEVENTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY(16381985)
Artesia
NoneReported
Caledonia
NoneReported
Columbus
Columbus 9/1/1886 786.0km Unknown V
Columbus 12/17/1931 143.0km Unknown IV
Columbus 11/9/1968 500.0km 5.3 IV
Crawford
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
Nettleton 12/17/1931 108.0km Unknown III
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Lowndes County is unlikely.
E.2.8 Landslide
steepslopes.LandslidesarepossiblethroughoutLowndesCountybutthereisaverylowincidencerate

FINAL April 2014
E:24
According to Figure E.10 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that
FIGUREE.10:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFLOWNDESCOUNTY
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
E:25
There is no extensive history of landslides in Lowndes County. Landslide events typically occur in
isolatedareas.
events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Lowndes
ofoccurrence.ItshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasinLowndesCountyhavegreaterriskthanothers
E.2.9 Expansive Soils
DuetotheamountofclaymineralspresentinLowndesCounty,expansivesoilspresentathreattothe
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureE.11.Theareasinblueare
underlainwithgenerallylessthan50percentclayhavinghighswellingpotential.

FINAL April 2014
E:26
FIGUREE.11:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS
There is no historical record of significant expansive soil events in Lowndes County. However,
Based on historical information, the probability of future expansive soil events is possible (between 1
and10percentannually).

FINAL April 2014
E:27
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

E.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Lowndes County. All areas in Lowndes County are
passedwithin75milesofthecountysince1851.Thisincluded3category1hurricanesand24tropical
stormsasshowninFigureE.12.
9
Atotaloffivetrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrength
at the time they traversed the county. Table E.16 provides the detail for each storm that passed
through the county including date of occurrence, name (if applicable), maximum wind speed (as
recordedwhentraversingthecounty)andcategoryofthestormbasedontheSaffirSimpsonScale.

9
FINAL April 2014
E:28
FIGUREE.12:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFLOWNDESCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
E:29
TABLEE.16:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFLOWNDESCOUNTY(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
8/31/1950 BAKER 40 TropicalStorm
Federal records indicate that a disaster declaration was made in 2004 (Hurricane Ivan) and 2005
(Hurricane Dennis and Hurricane Katrina).
10
Hurricane and tropical storm events can cause substantial
damageintheareaduetohighwindsandflooding.
Arleneliftednorth.

10
FINAL April 2014
E:30
The probability of being impacted is less than coastal areas, but still remains a real threat to Lowndes
area.
E.2.11 Thunderstorm
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Lowndes County typically experiences several
assumed that Lowndes County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumedthatLowndesCountyisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,allareasofthe
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofLowndesCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.

FINAL April 2014
E:31
Severe storms resulted in nine disaster declarations in Lowndes County in 1979, 1983, three times in
1991, 1992, 2001, 2002, and 2003.
11
According to NCDC, there have been 227 reported thunderstorm
and high wind events since 1958 in Lowndes County.
12
These events caused over $40.6 million (2013
dollars)indamages.Therewerealsoreportsoftwodeathsandseveninjuries.TableE.17summarizes
this information. Table E.18 presents detailed thunderstorm and high wind event reports including
date,magnitude,andassociateddamagesforeachevent.
13
TABLEE.17:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Artesia 3 0/0 $43,253
Caledonia 25 0/1 $244,197
Columbus 49 1/4 $19,510,023
Crawford 4 0/0 $20,355
TABLEE.18:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Artesia
ARTESIA 05JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,489
ARTESIA 30JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $7,164
ARTESIA 02MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $20,600
Caledonia
Caledonia 06JAN95
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $4,972
CALEDONIA 22APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $96,547
CALEDONIA 10JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,469
CALEDONIA 09AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,406
CALEDONIA 16DEC00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $5,874
CALEDONIA 24MAY01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
CALEDONIA 04JUL04 TSTMWIND 51kts. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 02OCT04 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/1 $13,048
CALEDONIA 13MAR05 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $1,267

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Lowndes County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
E:32
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
CALEDONIA 18JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 08JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $8,115
CALEDONIA 09DEC08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 10APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 14JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 25OCT10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $10,609
CALEDONIA 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $3,183
CALEDONIA 28JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,183
CALEDONIA 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 51kts. 0/0 $5,150
CALEDONIA 05JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $61,800
Columbus
Columbus 01AUG93
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $87,452
Columbus 03SEP93
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,745
Columbus 09FEB94
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $85,228
Columbus 27MAR94
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 54kts. 0/0 $0
Columbus 15JUN94
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $85,228
Columbus 25JUN94
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Columbus 17SEP94
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
Columbus 06JAN95
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $49,715
Columbus 09JUL95
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0 $16,572
Columbus 28JUL95
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 51kts. 0/0 $166
COLUMBUS 18JAN96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $8,046
COLUMBUS 29APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/1 $8,046
COLUMBUS 09MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,865
COLUMBUS 25JUN00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $5,874
COLUMBUS 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 1/0 $73,427
COLUMBUS 10AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,406
FINAL April 2014
E:33
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
COLUMBUS 13MAR03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,720
COLUMBUS 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $40,317
COLUMBUS 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $13,048
COLUMBUS 20MAY05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $19,002
COLUMBUS 15NOV05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $12,668
COLUMBUS 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 80kts. 0/3 $18,448,108
COLUMBUS 13MAR06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $24,597
COLUMBUS 21AUG06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 15NOV06 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 05JAN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 24FEB07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $71,643
COLUMBUS 14APR07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
COLUMBUS 15JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $23,881
COLUMBUS 27JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 20JUL07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 07OCT08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $150,706
Crawford
CRAWFORD 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $2,319
CRAWFORD 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CRAWFORD 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,122
CRAWFORD 27APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $15,914
UnincorporatedArea
LOWNDESCOUNTY 01MAY58 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 02AUG58 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 01JUL61 TSTMWIND 71kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 25MAR65 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 30JUN65 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 26NOV73 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 03APR74 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0
FINAL April 2014
E:34
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
LOWNDESCOUNTY 10JAN75 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 08DEC78 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 24FEB79 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
ColumbusAFB 02SEP93
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 82kts. 0/0
KololaSprings 23SEP93
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 0kts. 0/0
FINAL April 2014
E:35
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
ColumbusAir 25JUL94
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 62kts. 0/0
NewHope 27NOV94 THUNDERSTORMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 11JUN95
THUNDERSTORM
WINDS 70kts. 0/0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 03JUN96 TSTMWIND 51kts. 0/0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0
COLUMBUSAFB 26SEP99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 27MAY00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
COLUMBUSAFB 15JUL00 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 15JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 1/1
COUNTYWIDE 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
MAYHEW 16FEB01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
GOLDENTRIANGLE
RGNL 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 61kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 24NOV01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 29NOV01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 19FEB02 HIGHWIND 43kts. 0/0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 30APR02 TSTMWIND 86kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 20AUG02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 22FEB03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 02JUN03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 04AUG03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0
COUNTYWIDE 27JUN04 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0
COLUMBUSAFB 23NOV04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 13MAR05 TSTMWIND 70kts. 0/0
GOLDENTRIANGLE
RGNL 25SEP05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0
COLUMBUSAFB 15NOV05 TSTMWIND 58kts. 0/0
COLUMBUSAFB 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 63kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 09MAR06 STRONGWIND 40kts. 0/0
COLUMBUSAFB 21AUG06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0
STEENS 05JAN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 05JAN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 75kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 24FEB07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 24FEB07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 30JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
COLUMBUS/LOWNDES
CO 18OCT07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 15DEC07 STRONGWIND 35kts. 0/1
INTERSTATECITY 08JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
FINAL April 2014
E:36
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 10JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 54kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 29JAN08 STRONGWIND 39kts. 0/0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 26MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 26MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0
MCCRARY 26MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 26May08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
INTERSTATECITY 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
WELLS 04JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
FORRESTON 04JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0
STEENS 09JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0
BENTOAK 22JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
INTERSTATECITY 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 64kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 28MAR09 STRONGWIND 43kts. 0/0
COLLEGE 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 12APR09 HIGHWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
STEENSHOPPERARPT 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
INTERSTATECITY 30JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
FORRESTON 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0
COLUMBUS/LOWNDES
CO 15JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 04AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
BILLUPS 05AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
COLUMBUS/LOWNDES
CO 05AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
STEENS 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
FLYNN 29NOV10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0
WELLS 29NOV10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 29NOV10 STRONGWIND 43kts. 0/0
FLYNN 01JAN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
INTERSTATECITY 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
COLLEGE 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
FLYNN 21JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0
WELLS 05AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 43kts. 0/0
(GTR)COLUMBUS
RGNLA 10AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
COLUMBUS/LOWNDES
CO 02MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
FINAL April 2014
E:37
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
(GTR)COLUMBUS
RGNLA 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 54kts. 0/0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 51kts. 0/0
INTERSTATECITY 20DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
NEWHOPE 25DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0
Hailstorm
Hail resulted in one disaster declarations in Lowndes County in 1992.
14
According to the National
ClimaticDataCenter,111recordedhailstormeventshaveaffectedLowndesCountysince1967.
15
Table
E.19isasummaryofthehaileventsinLowndesCounty.TableE.20providesdetailedinformationabout
each event that occurred in the county. In all, hail occurrences resulted in nearly $428,000 (2013
dollars)inpropertydamages.Hailrangedindiameterfrom0.5inchesto3.0inches.Itshouldbenoted
that hail is notorious for causing substantial damage to cars, roofs, and other areas of the built
environmentthatmaynotbereportedtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter.Therefore,itislikelythat
damagesaregreaterthanthereportedvalue.
TABLEE.19:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Artesia 5 0/0 $4,723
Caledonia 11 0/0 $124,472
Columbus 29 0/0 $62,824
Crawford 6 0/0 $52,662
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 111 0/0 $427,922
TABLEE.20:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Artesia
ARTESIA 18MAR96 1.75in. 0/0 $3,379
ARTESIA 05MAY03 0.88in. 0/0 $1,344
ARTESIA 13MAR05 1.25in. 0/0 $0
ARTESIA 24FEB07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
ARTESIA 22JUL08 0.75in. 0/0 $0

14
Identification.
15
hail events have affected Lowndes County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
E:38
Caledonia
Caledonia 10MAY95 0.75in. 0/0 $166
CALEDONIA 25MAR97 0.0in. 0/0 $157
CALEDONIA 08APR98 1.75in. 0/0 $1,162
CALEDONIA 20OCT04 0.88in. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 23NOV04 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 20APR06 2.00in. 0/0 $122,987
CALEDONIA 01MAR07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 11APR07 1.00in. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 13NOV07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 22MAY08 0.88in. 0/0 $0
CALEDONIA 02MAY09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Columbus
Columbus 27MAR94 1.75in. 0/0 $0
Columbus 11JUN95 0.75in. 0/0 $166
Columbus 09JUL95 1.00in. 0/0 $1,657
Columbus 09JUL95 1.00in. 0/0 $1,657
COLUMBUS 20APR96 0.75in. 0/0 $16
COLUMBUS 02MAY97 0.75in. 0/0 $16
COLUMBUS 21JUN97 0.88in. 0/0 $79
COLUMBUS 07MAR98 0.75in. 0/0 $15
COLUMBUS 24APR99 1.00in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 18FEB00 1.00in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 10MAR00 1.75in. 0/0 $7,343
COLUMBUS 04APR01 1.75in. 0/0 $35,644
COLUMBUS 31JUL01 0.75in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 18MAR03 1.25in. 0/0 $6,720
COLUMBUS 02MAY03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
COLUMBUS 05MAY03 0.88in. 0/0 $1,344
COLUMBUS 02JUN03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
COLUMBUS 12AUG05 1.00in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 21AUG05 0.88in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 03FEB06 0.75in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 15JUL06 1.50in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS 12MAR10 1.75in. 0/0 $5,464
Crawford
CRAWFORD 09MAY98 1.75in. 0/0 $1,162
CRAWFORD 07APR04 0.88in. 0/0 $0
CRAWFORD 14MAR08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
E:39
CRAWFORD 20APR11 1.75in. 0/0 $0
CRAWFORD 02MAR12 2.75in. 0/0 $51,500
CRAWFORD 01JUL12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
LOWNDESCOUNTY 23APR67 0.51in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 10MAY70 1.50in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 25MAR72 0.75in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 26NOV73 2.75in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 16AUG74 1.75in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 08MAY77 2.00in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 23NOV83 1.00in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 21JUN90 1.75in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 21JUN90 1.75in. 0/0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTY 13FEB91 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Steens 11FEB93 0.88in. 0/0 $0
KololaSprings 25JUN94 1.75in. 0/0 $0
NewHope 15MAY95 0.75in. 0/0 $166
STEENS 20APR96 0.75in. 0/0 $16
COLUMBUSAFB 21APR96 1.00in. 0/0 $161
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 06MAR98 1.00in. 0/0 $170
NEWHOPE 04APR01 1.75in. 0/0 $11,406
NEWHOPE 04APR01 0.88in. 0/0 $0
COUNTYWIDE 10NOV02 1.25in. 0/0 $0
NEWHOPE 20OCT04 0.88in. 0/0 $0
NEWHOPE 04DEC05 0.75in. 0/0 $0
NEWHOPE 13FEB07 0.88in. 0/0 $0
BENTOAK 30JUN07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 08JAN08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
MAYHEW 24MAY08 1.25in. 0/0 $11,593
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 26MAY08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STEENSHOPPERARPT 01JUN08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
FORRESTON 01JUN08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
FORRESTON 04JUL08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
INTERSTATECITY 02AUG08 0.88in. 0/0 $0
TRINITY 07OCT08 1.75in. 0/0 $17,389
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 27FEB09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 27FEB09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
INTERSTATECITY 02APR09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
KOLOLASPGS 10APR09 1.75in. 0/0 $5,628
FORRESTON 16MAY09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
KOLOLASPGS 12JUN09 1.00in. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
E:40
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 12JUN09 0.88in. 0/0 $0
INTERSTATECITY 12JUN09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
WELLS 12MAR10 1.75in. 0/0 $2,185
NEWHOPE 24APR10 1.00in. 0/0 $0
FORRESTON 24APR10 2.50in. 0/0 $10,927
STEENS 29MAR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
COLUMBUS/LOWNDES
CO 04APR11 1.00in.
0/0
$0
FLYNN 04APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
WELLS 15APR11 0.75in. 0/0 $0
(CBM)COLUMBUSAFB 15APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
MAYHEW 20APR11 1.75in. 0/0 $0
INTERSTATECITY 10AUG11 0.75in. 0/0 $0
FORRESTON 02MAR12 1.75in. 0/0 $20,600
MAYHEW 02MAR12 2.75in. 0/0 $103,000
STEENS 04JUN12 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there has been nine recorded lightning event in
LowndesCountysince2005.Thiseventresultedinalmost$916,000(2013dollars)indamagesaslisted
in summary Table E.21.
16
However, it is likely that more lightning events have in fact impacted the
lightningeventscanbefoundinTableE.22.
TABLEE.21:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Artesia 0 0/0 $0
Caledonia 0 0/0 $0
Columbus 4 1/0 $290,871
Crawford 0 0/0 $0

16
additional lightning events have occurred in Lowndes County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
FINAL April 2014
E:41
TABLEE.22:HISTORICALLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Artesia
NoneReported
Caledonia
NoneReported
Columbus
COLUMBUS 09MAY06 0/0 $147,585
Lightningstruckahouseandcausedittocatchfire.
Significantdamagewasdonetotheroofandattic
areas.
COLUMBUS 15JUL06 1/0 $0
Lightningstruckamanwhilegoingoutsidetolower
thewindowsonsomevehicles.Lightningstrucka
pecantreeandthentraveledtoaclotheslinewhere
themanwaswalkingunderneath.Themanwasina
comaforaweekandahalfbeforehepassedaway
duetoinjuriesfromthelightningstrike.M72UT
COLUMBUS 20JUL07 0/0 $71,643
Twohomeswerestruckbylightningcausingsome
damage.
COLUMBUS 14NOV07 0/0 $71,643 Lightningstruckahouseandcausedafire.
Crawford
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NEWHOPE 23AUG05 0/0 $126,677
Lightningstruckabarnandcaughtinonfire.The
barnwastotallydestroyedasitburnedtothe
ground.
INTERSTATE
CITY 22JUL08 0/0 $1,159 LightningstruckapowerpoleinColumbus.
INTERSTATE
CITY 02AUG08 0/0 $231,855
Lightningstruckanapartmentcomplexandcauseda
fire.
WELLS 24JUN11 0/0 $159,135
Ahomewasstruckbylightningcatchingthehouse
onfire.Thehouseeventuallyburneddown.
INTERSTATE
CITY 10AUG11 0/0 $106,090
Onehousewasonfireduetoalightningstrike.Two
apartmentcomplexeswerealsostruck.
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Lowndes County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
FINAL April 2014
E:42
Lightning
Although there was not a high number of historical lightning events reported in Lowndes County via
),LowndesCountyislocatedinanareaofthecountry
E.2.12 Tornado
TornadoesoccurthroughoutthestateofMississippi,andthusinLowndesCounty.Tornadoestypically
Therefore,itisassumedthatLowndesCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
TornadoesresultedinninedisasterdeclarationsinLowndesCountyin1973,1979,1983,twicein1991,
1992,2001,2002,and2003.
17
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotal
of 28 recorded tornado events in Lowndes County since 1951 (Table E.23), resulting in over $116.1
million (2013 dollars) in property damages.
18
In addition, 1 death and 88 injuries were reported. The
magnitude of these tornadoes ranges from F0 to F3 in intensity, although an F5 event is possible.
DetailedinformationonhistorictornadoeventscanbefoundinTableE.24.
TABLEE.23:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Artesia 1 0/55 $83,054,032
Columbus 1 0/0 $114,061
Crawford 3 1/0 $357,185

17
18
additional tornadoes have occurred in Lowndes County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
E:43
TABLEE.24:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Artesia
ARTESIA 10NOV02 F3 0/55 $83,054,032
AtornadoformedinLowndesCounty,about3miles
southeastofArtesia.Itmoved22milesacrossthe
county,resultinginnumerousinjuries.Mostofthe
damageandinjurieswasseeninColumbusaround
7:20PM.Here,extensivedamagewasreceivedby
severalbuildingsonthecampusesoftheMississippi
UniversityforWomenandtheMississippiSchoolfor
MathandScience.Majordamagewasreceivedby
approximately60homesinthesouthernpartof
Columbusasthetornadomovedthrough.The
tornadothenmovedintoLamarCounty,Alabama
2.5milessoutheastofSteens,Mississippi.
Caledonia
CALEDONIA 02MAY97 F0 0/0 $7,865
Atornadotoucheddownnearthetownof
Caledonia.Theonlydamagereportedwiththestorm
wasseveraldownedtrees.
Columbus
COLUMBUS 13OCT01 F1 0/0 $114,061
Atornadobrieflytoucheddown.Fourmobilehomes
werereportedlydemolishedwithafifthonenearby
untouched.
Crawford
Crawford
to 20APR95 F2 0/0 $165,717
Thetornadofirsttoucheddownnearthetownof
CrawfordinsouthwestLowndesCountyandmoved
northeastandmovedneartheAlabamaborder.
Onehousewascompletelydestroyed.Asecond
homehaditslivingroomdestroyed.Onehomewas
pushedoffitsfoundation.Severalhomeshadtheir
windowsblownout.Afewmobilehomessuffered
extensiveroofdamage.Numeroustreesandpower
lineswereknockeddown.
CRAWFORD 10NOV02 F1 1/0 $138,423
ThistornadooriginallydevelopedinWinston
County,almost8milesnortheastofLouisville
around7:20PM.Aftermovingthroughpartsof
NoxubeeandOktibbehaCounties,thetornado
movedintoSouthwestLowndesCountyaround7:45
PM.Asitmovedthrough
CRAWFORD 27APR11 F1 0/0 $53,045
Thistornadodownednumeroustreesalongitspath
andknockedagrainbinoveronafarm.Minorroof
damagewasnotedtoacoupleoffarmbuildingsand
ahome.Maximumwindswerearound95mph.
TotalpathlengthacrossNoxubeeandLowndes
Countieswas6miles.
UnincorporatedArea
LOWNDES
COUNTY 20FEB51 F1 0/0 $24,234
LOWNDES
COUNTY 09SEP51 F2 0/0
LOWNDES
COUNTY 20JAN54 F1 0/0 $23,525
LOWNDES
COUNTY 20JAN54 F2 0/0 $235,250
FINAL April 2014
E:44
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
LOWNDES
COUNTY 17NOV57 F2 0/0 $2,247,360
LOWNDES
COUNTY 31MAR62 F3 0/1 $2,095,195
LOWNDES
COUNTY 27DEC68 F2 0/5
LOWNDES
COUNTY 04OCT71 F1 0/0 $15,592
LOWNDES
COUNTY 23MAR75 F1 0/0 $11,728
LOWNDES
COUNTY 23MAR75 F2 0/0 $11,721,821
LOWNDES
COUNTY 20MAR76 F2 0/0 $111,126
LOWNDES
COUNTY 02APR77 F2 0/0 $104,217
LOWNDES
COUNTY 12APR79 F2 0/0 $870,731
LOWNDES
COUNTY 25APR80 F2 0/0 $766,243
LOWNDES
COUNTY 15FEB87 F1 0/0 $555,632
LOWNDES
COUNTY 29MAR89 F1 0/0 $509,212
LOWNDES
COUNTY 10OCT92 F2 0/16 $4,499,749
NEWHOPE 05JUN98 F1 0/0 $387,223
ThetornadotoucheddownnearthetownofNew
Hope.Thirteenhouseshadmajordamageand
another129homeshadminordamage.Twentytwo
mobilehomeswereeitherdamagedordestroyed.
GOLDEN
TRIANGLE
RGNL 18FEB00 F0 0/0
Thistornadopassedthroughopenfieldandno
damagewasreported.
NEWHOPE 10NOV02 F1 0/0 $20,764
AtornadoformedinLowndesCounty,about2miles
southwestofNewHope,destroyingmanytreesasit
movednortheast.Thetornadothenmovedinto
PickensCounty,Alabama,about3mileseast
northeastofNewHope(nearForest,Alabama).
STEENS 07DEC04 F2 0/0 $260,955
ThistornadotoucheddownsouthwestofSteensand
trackedeastnortheastfor5milesbeforemoving
intoLamarcounty,Alabamaat4:02AM,inthe
LuxapalilaCreekbottom.Alongthepath,several
buildingssustainedsignificantroofdamage,one
mobilehomewasdestroyedandanRVwasrolled
overanddestroyed.Hundredsoftreeswerealso
snappedanduprooted.Themajorityofthedamage
occurredacrossHarrisonRoad,TomBlalockRoad
andGunshootRoad.
FINAL April 2014
E:45
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
KOLOLA
SPGS 10JAN08 F3 0/11 $8,117,919
Thetornadostartedbydamagingahomeandshedalong
withsometreeandpowerpoledamage.Next,ashedwas
damagedandacombineharvesterthatwasintheshedwas
thrownintosometrees.Aftermovingthroughawooded
area,thetornadomovedintoaneighborhoodwithnew,
wellbuilthomes.Around8homesweredamagedinthis
neighborhood,witharound5ofthembeingseverely
damaged.Roofswererippedoff,wallswerecollapsed,and
afewwereevenmovedofftheirfoundations.Thetornado
movedthroughanotherwoodedareaandemergedintothe
Caledoniaschoolcomplex.Itwasherethatthetornado
reacheditsmaximumintensity.Thepressboxand
concessionstandofthefootballstadiumweredestroyed,
severalmedalpowerpoleswerebentover,andseveral
treeswereknockeddown.Numerousvehiclesweremoved
alongthegroundupto100yards,somewereflippedover,
somehadmultipledentsfromgravelintheparkinglot,and
numerouswindowswerebrokenout.Fiveschoolbuses
weredamaged,twoofwhichwereflippedover,andoneof
whichwasliftedupandrippedapartwiththechassis
landinginoneofthebuildingsandtheframelandingontop
ofabuilding.TheschoolgymnasiumandaVocationalTech
Buildingwerenearlydestroyedwithseveralvehicles
includingthebuslandinginsideit.Thetornadothenleftthe
schoolcomplexandmovedacrossthesouthsideof
Caledonia.Around6homesexperiencedsignificant
damagehere,mainlytotheroofs.Achurchwascompletely
destroyedwhentheroofwasliftedupandcollapsedonthe
building.Anotherchurchnearbyhadminorroofdamage.
Thetornadoenteredanotherwoodedareacausingdamage
totreesandthenemergedalongCaledoniaVernonRoad.
Thetornadomovedalongtheroadforseveralmiles.Along
thispartofthepath,numeroussinglefamilyhomeswere
severelydamaged.Theroofswererippedoffandthewalls
werecollapsedonseveralhomes.Numeroushardwood
treesweresnapped,severalofwhichfelloncarsand
homes.Ahorsestablewascompletelydestroyedanda
hightensionmedaltrusstowerwassnapped.Furtheralong
theroad,severalmobilehomeswerecompletely
destroyed.Oneinparticularhadthebodyofthetrailer
blowndownwindandtheframewasdraggedbackalong
thegroundintheoppositedirectionforaround25yards.
Severalcarsweremovedforadistancearound50yardsat
thislocationaswell.Thetornadothenenteredanother
woodedareacausingsometreedamageandthen
weakenedbeforecrossingthestatelineintoLamarCounty,
Alabama.ThetotalpathlengthinLowndesCountywas8.7
mileswithanEF3EnhancedFujitaScalerating.Thetotal
pathlengthfortheentiretornado,includingeachcounty,
was13.2miles.Theschoolcomplexwasoccupiedbyover
2100studentsandfacultyatthetimeofthetornado.Yet,
theTornadoWarningleadtimeof41minutesallowedthe
schooltoplacestudentsatthebestpossiblelocations.No
injuriesorfatalitiesoccurredattheschool.Also,adaycare
centerwith15childrenandfacultywasseverelydamaged,
butall11hadtakencoverinanundergroundstormshelter,
sotherewerenoinjuriesatthatlocationeither.Intotal,
therewere15injuriesofwhichonly3wereconsidered
serious.The3seriousinjuriesoccurredinthemobilehome
thatwasrippedapartwiththebodymovingdownwindand
theframeintheoppositedirection

FINAL April 2014
E:46
states of Alabama and Mississippi. During this outbreak, one F1 tornado was reported in Lowndes
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Lowndes County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Lowndes County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
E.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
LowndesCountyhastenTRIsites.ThesesitesareshowninFigureE.13.

FINAL April 2014
E:47
FIGUREE.13:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Source:EPA

FINAL April 2014
E:48
There have been a total of 90 recorded HAZMAT incidents in Lowndes County since 1974 (Table E.25),
resulting in $228,081 in property damages. In addition, three deaths and one injury were reported.
Table E.26presentsdetailedinformationonhistoricHAZMATincidentsinLowndesCountyasreported
(PHMSA).
TABLEE.25:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Artesia 14 3/0 $191,075
Caledonia 2 0/0 $22,250
Columbus 72 0/1 $13,151
Crawford 1 0/0 $0
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEE.26:HAZMATINCIDENTSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Artesia
I1997020784 1/3/1997 ARTESIA Rail No 0/0 $0 1LGA
I1992020140 1/20/1992 ARTESIA Highway Yes 3/0 $181,500 6.684GCF
I1992060798 6/17/1992 ARTESIA Rail No 0/0 $0 0.25LGA
I1997090543 11/4/1996 ARTESIA Highway No 0/0 $1,050 0.125LGA
I2001120948 9/9/2001 ARTESIA Rail No 0/0 $0 0
I1997090563 6/27/1997 ARTESIA Rail No 0/0 $4,250 13.38LGA
I1996060786 6/5/1996 ARTESIA Highway No 0/0 $1,050 0.375LGA
Caledonia
X2013050283 4/17/2013 CALEDONIA Rail No 0/0 $22,250 100LGA
I1993010490 12/25/1992 CALEDONIA Highway No 0/0 $0 10LGA
Columbus
I1977090116 8/18/1977 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I1984010100 12/31/1983 COLUMBUS Highway Yes 0/0 $0 8,500LGA
I1980120658 11/4/1980 COLUMBUS Highway Yes 0/0 $0 200LGA
X2008070095 6/19/2008 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $0 0.5LGA
I2002091035 8/20/2002 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $525 1LGA
I1993120531 10/10/1993 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $125 0.528344LGA
FINAL April 2014
E:49
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
X2011030024 2/21/2011 Columbus Highway No 0/0 $0 1LGA
I1996030292 3/4/1996 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $400 2SLB
X2009050336 5/7/2009 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $0 1LGA
I2000060733 5/17/2000 COLUMBUS Air No 0/0 $0 0.26417LGA
E2005100158 9/24/2005 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $0 0.25LGA
I1995060877 6/9/1995 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $0 8SLB
I1999091472 9/11/1999 COLUMBUS Rail No 0/0 $755 0.25LGA
I2005110740 10/19/2005 COLUMBUS Rail Yes 0/0 $3,000 300LGA
I1991050402 4/18/1991 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $1,045 2LGA
FINAL April 2014
E:50
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
I2006080987 7/7/2006 COLUMBUS Rail Yes 0/0 $2,400 5,400LGA
I2008090645 9/10/2008 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $0 0.0625SLB
I2003081179 8/5/2003 COLUMBUS Rail No 0/0 $311 1LGA
X2010110050 10/12/2010 COLUMBUS Highway No 0/0 $0 0.5SLB
I1997090541 11/12/1996 COLUMBUS Rail Yes 0/0 $340 200LGA
I2007060926 5/17/2007 COLUMBUS Rail Yes 0/0 $0 50,000SLB
Crawford
I1974020389 1/26/1974 CRAWFORD Rail No 0/0 $0 0
UnincorporatedArea
I1999010908 1/12/1999 WHITEBURY Rail No 0/0 $1,605 3LGA
Source:USDOTPHMSA
Given the location of ten toxic release inventory sites in Lowndes County and many roadway and rail
Since there are ten TRI sites and an extensive record of previous events in the county, it is clear that
hazardous materials incidents will continue to be a threat. The county may also be impacted by
neighboringcountieswhichalsofaceriskduetoTRIsitesandcurvy,mountainroadways.

FINAL April 2014
E:51
E.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.LowndesCountychosetoanalyze
19
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th
State,"onOctober4
th

19
FINAL April 2014
E:52
widelyrecorded.
20
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatLowndesCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof

E.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk

20
FINAL April 2014
E:53
HAZARDEXTENT
Table E.27 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for Lowndes County. The extent of a
TABLEE.27EXTENTOFLOWNDESCOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor33.1percentofthetotallandareainLowndesCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheTombigbeeRiveratColumbusin1892.Water
wasrecordedat40.09feet.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinLowndesCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).TwodamsareclassifiedashighhazardinLowndes
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinLowndes
inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.LowndesCountyhasreceived
Wildfire
occurinLowndesCountyinanyyearwas28in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
FINAL April 2014
E:54
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromLowndesCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
ColumbuswithaMMIofV(slightlystrong)withacorrelatingRichterScale
measurementofapproximately4.8.
Landslide
inLowndesCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinLowndesCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinlessthan50
percentofthesoilsLowndesCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughLowndesCountywasatropicalstorm
(unnamedstormin1979)whichcarriedtropicalforcewindsof58milesperhour
uponarrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinLowndesCountywaslastreported
onApril30,2002at86knots(approximately99mph).Itshouldbenotedthat
reportedinLowndesCountywas3.0inches(reportedonApril3,1974).Itshould
benotedthatfutureeventsmayexceedthis.
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),LowndesCountyis
figures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinLowndesCountywasanF3(last
reportedonJanuary10,2008).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis50,000SLBreleasedontherailwayinColumbus.Itshouldbenoted
Pandemic
life.
FINAL April 2014
E:55
Inordertodrawsomemeaningful planning conclusionsonhazardriskforLowndesCounty,theresults

Section5.16.2.
Table E.28 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEE.28:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORLOWNDESCOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
ExpansiveSoils Possible Minor Small Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 1.8
WindrelatedHazards
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
FINAL April 2014
E:56
E.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Lowndes County, including the PRI results
identifiedhazardaccordingtothreecategories:HighRisk,ModerateRisk,andLowRisk(TableE.29).For
that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Lowndes County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionE.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
TABLEE.29:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORLOWNDESCOUNTY
E.3 LOWNDES COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Lowndes County to the significant hazards
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
Earthquake
DamFailure
ExpansiveSoils
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
E:57
E.3.1 Asset Inventory
TableE.30liststhenumberofparcelsandthetotalassessedvalueofimprovementsforLowndesCounty
anditsparticipatingjurisdictions(studyareaofvulnerabilityassessment).
21
TABLEE.30:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINLOWNDESCOUNTY
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Artesia 222 $5,032,020
Caledonia 529 $34,991,360
Columbus 11,645 $1,029,141,270
Crawford 328 $7,070,730
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 31,172 $2,398,022,344
Table E.31 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinLowndesCounty.Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecriticalfacilitiesfor
the countyandthisdata wasupdated toreflectcurrentconditions.Inaddition,FigureE.14showsthe
locations of essential facilities in Lowndes County. Table E.45, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLEE.31:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Artesia 0 0 0 0 0
Caledonia 1 0 0 0 3
Columbus 4 5 1 1 27
Crawford 1 0 0 0 1
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 6 6 1 1 31
Source:HazusMH

21
include dollar figures for tax-exempt improvements such as publicly-owned buildings and facilities. It should also be noted that,
due to record keeping, some duplication is possible thus potentially resulting in an inflated value exposure for an area.
FINAL April 2014
E:58
FIGUREE.14:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
E.3.2 Social Vulnerability
andassessthoseparticularsegmentsoftheresidentpopulationinLowndesCountythatarepotentially

FINAL April 2014
E:59
TableE.32liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
dataispresentedatthecountyandmunicipallevel.ThetotalpopulationinLowndesCountyaccording
toCensusdatais59,779persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionE.1.
TABLEE.32:TOTALPOPULATIONINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Artesia 440
Caledonia 1,041
Columbus 23,640
Crawford 641
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 59,779
Inaddition,FigureE.15illustratesthepopulationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
22

22

FINAL April 2014
E:60
FIGUREE.15:POPULATIONDENSITYINLOWNDESCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
E:61
E.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Lowndes County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
TableE.30.
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableE.41.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Lowndes County is susceptible to flood events. A total of 27 flood
indamages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$457,393forLowndesCounty.
Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) data in combination with local tax assessor records for the
county. The determination of assessed value atrisk (exposure) was calculated using GIS analysis by
summingthetotalassessedbuildingvaluesforonlythoseimprovedpropertiesthatwere confirmed to
belocatedwithinanidentifiedfloodplain.TableE.33presentsthepotentialatriskproperty.Boththe
numberofparcelsandtheapproximatevaluearepresented.
TABLEE.33:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Artesia 2 $8,160 0 $0 0.2%
Caledonia 13 $368,990 0 $0 1.1%
Columbus 3,217 $275,284,990 0 $0 26.7%
Crawford 0 $0 0 $0 0.0%
LOWNDESCOUNTY
TOTAL
7,689 $502,519,070 0 $0 21.0%
Source:FEMADFIRM

FINAL April 2014
E:62
SocialVulnerability
Since 2010 population was available at the tract level, it was difficult to determine a reliable figure on
populationatrisktofloodduetotractlevelpopulationdata.FigureE.16ispresentedtogainabetter
understandingofatriskpopulation.
FIGUREE.16:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
The critical facility analysis revealed that there are a 5 critical facilities located in the Lowndes County
TableE.42attheendofthissection.

FINAL April 2014
E:63
Lowndes County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Lowndes County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are
value was determined using GIS analysis. For the critical facility analysis, areas of concern were
Figure E.17 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Lowndes County has very
LowndesCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableE.34showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
E:64
FIGUREE.17:WILDFIRERISKAREASINLOWNDESCOUNTY
TABLEE.34:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
Levelof
FloodEvent
WildfireRisk
Location Approx.NumberofParcels Approx.ImprovedValue
Artesia 0 $0
Caledonia 0 $0
Columbus 0 $0
Crawford 0 $0
FINAL April 2014
E:65
Levelof
FloodEvent
WildfireRisk
LOWNDESCOUNTY
TOTAL
209 $13,416,500
areas.Whilethejurisdictionsreportafairlylowlevelofconcern,eachshouldmindful thatallareasof
thecountyareatrisktowildfireandfiremayquicklyspreadtothoselowerareasofconcern.
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableE.42
facilities,andpopulationsinLowndesCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
23
TableA.35summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEE.35:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
LowndesCounty $153,000 $5,996,119,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability

23
FINAL April 2014
E:66
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.
populations in Lowndes County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
from an earthquake occurrence. While Lowndes County may not experience a large earthquake (the
greatest on record is a magnitude V MMI), localized damage is possible with an occurrence. A list of
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableE.42attheendofthissection.
Historical evidence indicates that Lowndes County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
stormhazard.Therehasbeenthreedisasterdeclarationduetohurricanes(HurricanesIvan,Dennis,and
Katrina). Several tracks have come near or traversed through the county, as shown and discussed in
SectionE.2.10.
24
forthecounty asshownbelowinTableE.36.Only
TABLEE.36:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
LowndesCounty $228,000 $5,996,119,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableE.37.
TABLEE.37:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
LowndesCounty $0 $5,996,119,000 0.00%

24
FINAL April 2014
E:67
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrossLowndesCounty,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeatrisk.Some
TableE.42attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinLowndesCounty.
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceandexistingToxic ReleaseInventorysitesindicatethatLowndesCounty is
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforLowndesCounty.
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesinLowndesCounty,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysisasshown
in Figure E.18. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
impactpeopleandbuildings,wereusedfortheGISbufferanalysis.FigureE.19showstheareasusedfor
FINAL April 2014
E:68
value,asshowninTableE.38(fixedsites)andTableE.39(mobilesites).
25
FIGUREE.18:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINLOWNDESCOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEE.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)

25
FINAL April 2014
E:69
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Artesia 0 $0 0 $0
Caledonia 0 $0 0 $0
Columbus 700 $64,582,900 15,758 $1,224,730,860
Crawford 0 $0 0 $0
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 800 $191,508,830 17,733 $1,914,517,432

FINAL April 2014
E:70
FIGUREE.19:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINLOWNDESCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
E:71
TABLEE.39:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Artesia 190 $3,453,290 190 $3,453,290
Caledonia 0 $0 0 $0
Columbus 8,307 $248,278,800 11,263 $435,001,520
Crawford 121 $1,563,560 284 $4,345,460
LOWNDESCOUNTYTOTAL 13,014 $389,144,640 24,555 $1,042,754,940
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for fixed TRI sites revealed that there are twentyseven Lowndes County
facilities located in a HAZMAT risk zone. The primary impact zone includes just three facilities. The
remaining facilities are in the secondary, 2,500 meter zone. A list of specific critical facilities and their
associatedriskcanbefoundinTableE.42attheendofthissection.
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Lowndes County revealed that there are 40
critical facilities located in the primary and secondary mobile HAZMAT buffer areas. This includes 25
facilities in the primary buffer area. A list of specific critical facilities and their associated risk can be
foundinTableE.42attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Lowndes County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at
Table E.40 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Lowndes County. Due to the
region.

FINAL April 2014
E:72
TABLEE.40:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORLOWNDESCOUNTY
Event
Lowndes
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $457,393
Erosion Negligible
WinterStorm& Freeze $7,291
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $153,000
WindrelatedHazards
ThunderstormWind/HighWind $1,374,327
Hail $17,994
Lightning $119,668
Tornado $8,105,666
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableE.41showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
E:73


FINAL April 2014
E:74
TABLEE.41:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINLOWNDESCOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
LOWNDESCOUTNY

CaledoniaVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
CaledoniaElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X
CaledoniaHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
CaledoniaMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X
LowndesCountyEmergency
Management EOC
FireStation#5
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
ColumbusFireDepartment
Fire
Station
LowndesCountyFireDepartment
Fire
Station
LowndesCountyFireDepartment#2
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
BaptistMemorialHospGolden
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X X
PoliceDeptInfo&Records
Police
Station
PoliceDepartment Police

26


FINAL April 2014
E:75

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
Station
LowndesCountyCriminalDiv
Police
Station
InvestigationDivision
Police
Station
LowndesCountySheriff'sDept
Police
Station
NewHopeElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
NewHopeHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
NewHopeMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
ColumbusHighSchool School
SaleElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
MckellarVocationalCenter School
FairviewElementarySchool School
MsSchoolForMathAndScience School
MitchellMemorialElementary School
StokesBeardElementarySchool School
HuntIntermediateSchool School
JoeCookElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
FranklinAcademy School
S.D.LeeMiddleSchool School
UnionAcademy School


FINAL April 2014
E:76

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
6
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
CMSDAlternativeSchool School
WestLowndesHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
WestLowndesMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X
WestLowndesElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
AnnunciationCatholicSchool School
HeritageAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
Young'sChristianAcademy School
9thStreetDayCareCenter School
ColumbusChristianSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
ChildrensHouseMontessoriSchool School
ImmanuelsCtrForChristianEd School
X X X X X X X X X X
VictoryChristianAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X
ColumbusAirForceBase
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
CrawfordFireDept
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
EastOktibbehaCountyHigh School
X X X X X X X X

FINAL April 2014
E:77
E.4 LOWNDES COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection discusses the capability of Lowndes County to implement hazard mitigation activities.
E.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableE.42providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
under developmentforLowndesCounty.Acheckmark()indicatesthat thegivenitemiscurrentlyin
MitigationPlan.
TABLEE.42:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
LOWNDES
COUNTY

Artesia
Caledonia
Columbus
Crawford
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
Lowndes County has previously adopted a hazard mitigation plan. The Town of Artesia, the Town of
Caledonia,theCityofColumbus,andtheTownofCrawfordwerealsoincludedinthisplan.

FINAL April 2014
E:78
LowndesCountymaintainsanemergencyoperationsplanthroughitsEmergencyManagementAgency.
TheTownofArtesia,theTownofCaledonia,theCityofColumbus,andtheTownofCrawfordareeach
coveredbythisplan.
GENERALPLANNING
Lowndes County adopted a county comprehensive plan in 1976. This plan also includes the Town of
Artesia, the Town of Caledonia, and the Town of Crawford. The City of Columbus adopted a separate
citycomprehensiveplanin2012.
ZoningOrdinance
Lowndes County adopted a zoning ordinance in 1972. The City of Columbus also adopted a zoning
ordinancein1986.
Lowndes County adopted subdivision regulations in 1975. The City of Columbus also adopted
subdivisionregulationsin1975.
LowndesCountyandtheCityofColumbushaveeachadoptedabuildingcode.
Table E.43 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Lowndes
County.
TABLEE.43:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
LOWNDESCOUNTY 11/15/79 2/18/11 448 $65,418,900 463 $3,121,871
Artesia*
Caledonia*
Columbus 7/13/76 2/18/11 865 $115,321,000 451 $3,147,710
Crawford*

FINAL April 2014
E:79
ordinance. Lowndes County and the City of Columbus both participate in the NFIP and have adopted
Lowndes County has not adopted a stormwater management plan. However, the City of Columbus
includesstormwaterqualityprotectionmeasuresinthecitycodeofordinances.
E.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
TableE.44providesasummaryofthecapabilityassessmentresultsforLowndesCountywithregardto
TABLEE.44:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
LOWNDES
COUNTY

Artesia
Caledonia
Columbus
Crawford

FINAL April 2014
E:80
E.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table E.45 provides a summary of the results for Lowndes County with regard to relevant fiscal
TABLEE.45:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
LOWNDES
COUNTY

Artesia
Caledonia
Columbus
Crawford
E.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Lowndes County is more
E.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table E.46 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology

FINAL April 2014
E:81
TABLEE.46:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
LOWNDESCOUNTY 33 Moderate
Artesia 13 Limited
Caledonia 13 Limited
Columbus 36 Moderate
Crawford 14 Limited
E.5 LOWNDES COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforLowndesCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerable
E.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Lowndes County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableE.47.
TABLEE.47:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6

FINAL April 2014
E:82
E.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
The mitigation actions proposed by Lowndes County, the Town of Artesia, and the Town of Caledonia,
theCityofColumbus,andtheTownofCrawfordarelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationAction
Plans.

FINAL April 2014
E:83
Lowndes County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Implemented
PP2
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
CountyBuilding
Department
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
E:84
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA
Ongoing Asneeded
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA
Ongoing
Implemented
Applyforfunding
whenavailable
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
E:85
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6

FINAL April 2014
E:86
Town of Artesia Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Donotparticipate
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
5years Deleted
PP2
S/I High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Deleted
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
E:87
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Boardof
Aldermen,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Applywhenfunding
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
E:88
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6
FL=FloodDR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/IceET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ= Earthquake

FINAL April 2014
E:89
Town of Caledonia Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Deleted
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
5years Deleted
PP2
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
E:90
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
Boardof
Aldermen
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Applywhenfunds
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
CountyEMA, Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
E:91
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6

FINAL April 2014
E:92
City of Columbus Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,City
Council
Ongoing Implemented
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,City
Council
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
Mayor,City
Council
Ongoing
NO
ImplementedbyCity
Fire
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
CityBuilding
Department
5years Implemented
PP2
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
City/Building
Department
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
E:93
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor/City
Council
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Mayor,City
Council,County
EMA
Ongoing
Applywhenfunds
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Mayor,City
Council,County
EMA
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
E:94
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6

FINAL April 2014
E:95
City of Crawford Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram.
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
Ongoing Deleted
P2
FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1
buildingonsite.
ES High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
5years NO
PP2
PP3
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
E:96
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
ES2
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
Mayor,Board
ofAldermen,
CountyEMA
Ongoing
Applywhenfunding
available
ES4
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA
Ongoing Implemented
ES5
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
5%of
grants
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
E:97
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
PEA6

Annex F
Monroe County
FINAL April 2014
F:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Monroe County and its participating
F.1MonroeCountyCommunityProfile
F.2MonroeCountyRiskAssessment
F.3MonroeCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
F.4MonroeCountyCapabilityAssessment
F.5MonroeCountyMitigationStrategy
F.1 MONROE COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

F.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Monroe County is located in northeast Mississippi on the Mississippi/Alabama state line. It comprises
fivemunicipalities,theCityofAberdeen,theCityofAmory,theVillageofGattman,theTownofHatley,
andtheTownofSmithville,aswellasmanysmallunincorporatedcommunities.Anorientationmapis
providedasFigureF.1.
The county is located in the Blackbelt Prairie along the midpoint of the TennesseeTombigbee
Waterway.Thetotalareaofthecountyis772squaremiles,7squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
upper 60s to 70F. Winter temperatures range from highs in the lower 50s to lows around 32F.
Averageannualrainfallisapproximately55inches,withthewettestmonthsbeingDecember,April,and
May.
ANNEX F: MONROE COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
F:2
FIGUREF.1:MONROECOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
F.1.2 Population and Demographics
Accordingtothe2010Census,MonroeCountyhasapopulationof36,989people.Thecountyhasseen
analmost3%declineinpopulationbetween2000and2010,andthepopulationdensityis48peopleper
bothoftheparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableF.1.
TABLEF.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORMONROECOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
MonroeCounty 36,582 38,014 36,989 2.7%
Aberdeen 6,837 6,415 5,612 12.5%
Amory 7,093 6,956 7,316 5.2%
Gattman 120 114 90 21.1%
Hatley 529 476 482 1.3%
Smithville 871 882 942 6.8%
FINAL April 2014
F:3
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Monroe County is 39.5 years. The racial
characteristicsofthecountyarepresentedinTableF.2.Whitesmakeupthemajorityofthepopulation
inthecounty,accountingfornearly68percentofthepopulation.
TABLEF.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFMONROECOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
MonroeCounty 67.7% 30.9% 0.2% 1.3% 1.0%
Aberdeen 28.8% 69.2% 0.1% 1.9% 1.0%
Amory 69.5% 29.0% 0.2% 1.3% 1.4%
Gattman 98.9% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0%
Hatley 99.4% 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.0%
Smithville 96.0% 1.7% 0.4% 1.9% 1.6%
F.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 16,455 housing units in Monroe County, the majority of
whicharesinglefamilyhomesormobilehomes.Housinginformationforthecountyandfourtownsis
presented in Table F.3. As shown in the table, the four incorporated towns have a slightly lower
percentageofseasonalhousingunitscomparedtotheunincorporatedcounty.
TABLEF.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFMONROECOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
MonroeCounty 16,236 16,455 1.7% $79,000
Aberdeen 2,730 2,468 1.2% $68,200
Amory 3,147 3,351 0.3% $77,700
Gattman 53 50 0.0% $70,000
Hatley 202 209 0.0% $78,200
Smithville 404 428 0.7% $67,700
F.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Monroe County, US Highway 45 provides access to the north and south and passes through
Aberdeen. State Highway 25 also traverses north and south, connecting Smithville to Amory to
Aberdeen and providing access to neighboring Itawamba County and Clay County. US Highway 278,
whichcrosseseastandwest,alsotravelsthroughAmoryandGattman.

FINAL April 2014
F:4
The Monroe County Airport provides limited local service and regional air travel connections are
available through Tupelo Regional Airport in Lee County as well as Golden Triangle Regional Airport in
Lowndes County. The closest international airport is in Memphis, approximately 130 miles away from
thecounty.
Rail service to the area is provided by Kansas City Southern Railway, Burlington Northern and Santa Fe
Railway,andoneshortlinerailroad,butthereisnopassengerserviceofferedatthistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Monroe County is provided by Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingtheCityofAberdeenUtilitiesDepartment,theCityofAmoryUtilitiesDepartment,
MonroeCountyElectricPowerAssociation(EPA),FourCountyEPA,andTombigbeeEPA.Someresidents
arealsoservedbytheCityofOkolonaElectricDepartment.
WaterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheCityofAberdeen,theCityofAmory,theTown
ofSmithville,andtheTownofNettletonaswellasvarietyofliftstationsandruralwaterassociations.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Monroe County.
TherearetwohospitalslocatedinMonroeCounty.ThelargerofthetwoisGilmoreMemorialRegional
Medicalcenter,a95bedmedicalsurgicalhospitallocatedintheCityofAmory.Thesmallerofthetwo
isPioneerCommunityHospitalofAberdeen,a35bedcriticalaccesshospital.
RecreationalopportunitiesinMonroeCountyincludecamping,hiking,parks,fishing,boating,golfing,
andhunting.ParksincludetheBlueBluffRecreationArea,MorgansLandingPark,WeaverGreekPark
andCampground.FishingandboatingareavailableontheTennesseeTombigbeeWaterwayandthe
AberdeenMarina.Thereisalsoagolfclubandwildlifemanagementareainthecounty.
F.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Monroe County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
F.1.6 Employment and Industry
AccordingtotheMississippiEmploymentSecurityCommission,in2012,MonroeCountyhadanaverage
9.2 percent for the state). In 2012, the Manufacturing industry employed the most people, with 33.6
FINAL April 2014
F:5
percentoftheworkforce,followedbyRetailTrade(15.9%)andEducationServices(12.1%).Theaverage
annualwagein2012forMonroeCountywas$34,892comparedto$37,440fortheStateofMississippi.
F.2 MONROE COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT
Identification as they pertain to Monroe County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
F.2.1 Flood
ThereareareasinMonroeCountythataresusceptibletofloodevents.Specialfloodhazardareasinthe
countyweremappedusingGeographicInformationSystem(GIS)andFEMAHazusMHfloodplainmaps.
1
ThisincludesZoneA(1percentannualchancefloodplain),ZoneAE(1percentannualchancefloodplain
with elevation), and the 0.2percent annual chance floodplain. According to GIS analysis, of the 780
square miles that make up Monroe County, there are 130 square miles of land in zones A and AE (1
percent annual chance floodplain/100year floodplain) and 17 square miles of land in the 0.2percent
annualchancefloodplain(500yearfloodplain).
These flood zone values account for 18.8 percent of the total land area in Monroe County. It is
important to note that the HazusMH floodplain boundary data may not always reflect the most
accurate and uptodate flood risk. Flooding and floodrelated losses often do occur outside of
delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure F.2, Figure F.3, Figure F.4, Figure F.5, and Figure F.6
illustratethelocationandextentofcurrentlymappedspecialfloodhazardareasforMonroeCounty,the
City of Aberdeen, the City of Amory, the Village of Gattman, the Town of Hatley, and the Town of
SmithvillebasedonbestavailableHazusMHfloodplaindata.

1
County-level DFIRM datawas not available for Monroe County; the county floodplain boundary was developed by Hazus-MH
2.1.

FINAL April 2014
F:6
FIGUREF.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINMONROECOUNTY

Source:HazusMH2.1

FINAL April 2014
F:7
FIGUREF.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINABERDEEN
Source:HazusMH2.1

FINAL April 2014
F:8
FIGUREF.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINAMORYANDHATLEY
Source:HazusMH2.1

FINAL April 2014
F:9
FIGUREF.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINGATTMAN
Source:HazusMH2.1

FINAL April 2014
F:10
FIGUREF.6:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINSMITHVILLE
Source:HazusMH2.1

FINAL April 2014
F:11
Floods resulted in seven disaster declarations in Monroe County in 1973, 1979, three times in 1991,
2010, and 2011.
2
Information from the National Climatic Data Center was used to ascertain historical
flood events. The National Climatic Data Center reported a total of 15 events in Monroe County since
1997.
3
A summary of these events is presented in Table F.4. These events accounted for more than
$98,000(2013dollars)inpropertydamageinthecounty.Specificinformationonfloodevents,including
date,typeofflooding,anddeathsandinjuries,canbefoundinTableF.5.
TABLEF.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Aberdeen 4 0/0 $26,738
Amory 6 0/0 $35,153
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
Smithville 1 0/0 $157
MONROECOUNTYTOTAL 15 0/0 $98,123
TABLEF.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINMONROECOUNTY
Aberdeen
ABERDEEN 25SEP05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,267
ABERDEEN 06MAY09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
Amory
AMORY 23NOV04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $32,619
AMORY 05JUL05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,267
AMORY 25SEP05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,267
AMORY 26JUN07 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
AMORY 14SEP07 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
AMORY 20APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
Gattman
NoneReported
Hatley
NoneReported
Smithville
SMITHVILLE 02JUN97 FLOOD 0/0 $157

2
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
F:12
UnincorporatedArea
MONROECOUNTY 03APR00 FLOOD 0/0 $1,469
HAMILTON 10JAN08 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
HAMILTON 15APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
reported in Monroe County through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since 1978, totaling
over$647,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableF.6.
It should be emphasized that these numbers include only those losses to structures that were insured
additional instances of flood loss in Monroe County were either uninsured, denied claims payment, or
notreported.
TABLEF.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINMONROECOUNTY
Aberdeen 15 $40,534
Amory 43 $376,294
Gattman*
Hatley*
Smithville 0 $0
MONROECOUNTYTOTAL 84 $647,672
Source:FEMA,NFIP
As of May 2013, there are seven nonmitigated repetitive loss properties located in Monroe County
whichaccountedfor18lossesandover$233,000inclaimspaymentsundertheNFIP.Theaverageclaim
amount for these properties is $12,974. Of the seven properties, five are single family, one is an
assumed condominium, and one is nonresidential. Without mitigation this properties will likely
continue to experience flood losses. Table F.7 presents detailed information on repetitive loss
propertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciesforMonroeCounty.
TABLEF.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Aberdeen 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Amory 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Gattman*
FINAL April 2014
F:13
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Hatley*
Smithville 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
5single
family,1
assumed
condo,1
non
residential 18 $176,509 $57,020 $233,528 $12,974
MONROECOUNTY
TOTAL
7 18 $176,509 $57,020 $233,528 $12,974
Flood events will remain a threat in Monroe County, and the probability of future occurrences will
propertiesthatriskvariesthroughoutthecounty.Forexample,thecentralandeasternportionsofthe
county have more floodplain and thus a higher risk of flood than the western portion of the county.
Flood is not the greatest hazard of concern but will continue to occur and cause damage. Therefore,
F.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Monroe County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concern for erosion in Monroe County are primarily rivers and streams. Generally, vegetation helps to
SeveralsourceswerevettedtoidentifyareasoferosioninMonroeCounty.Thisincludessearchinglocal

FINAL April 2014
F:14
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessforMonroeCounty,anditwillcontinueto
F.2.3 Dam Failure
AccordingtotheMississippiDivisionofEnvironmentalQuality,therearenohighhazarddamsinMonroe
County.
4

ThereisnorecordofdambreachesinMonroeCounty.However,severalbreachscenariosinthecounty
F.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Monroe County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
WinterweatherhasresultedinonedisasterdeclarationsinMonroeCountyin1999.
5
Accordingtothe
NationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotaloffiverecordedwinterstormeventsinMonroe

4
5
Identification.
FINAL April 2014
F:15
County since 1998 (Table F.8).
6
DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableF.9.
7
TABLEF.8:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEF.9:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINCALHOUNCOUNTY
Aberdeen
NoneReported
Amory
NoneReported
Gattman
NoneReported
Hatley
NoneReported
Smithville
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
MONROECOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $6,970
MONROECOUNTY 15JAN98 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 24JAN03 EXTREMECOLD/WINDCHILL 1/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 25JAN08 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
There have been several severe winter weather events in Calhoun County. The text below describes
December1998

6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Monroe County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
F:16
January2000

WinterstormeventswillcontinuetooccurinMonroeCounty.Accordingtohistoricalinformation,the
FIRERELATED HAZARDS

F.2.5 Drought
political boundaries. Furthermore, it is assumed that Monroe County would be uniformly exposed to
droughtandextremeheatconditionstypicallydonotcausesignificantdamagetothebuiltenvironment
butmayexacerbatewildfireconditions.
Drought
AccordingtotheU.S.DroughtMonitor,MonroeCountyhaddroughtlevels(includingabnormallydry)in
twelve of the last thirteen years (20002012). Table F.10 shows the most severe drought classification
for each year, according to U.S. Drought Monitor classifications. It should be noted that the U.S.
Drought Monitor also estimates what percentage of the county is in each classification of drought
severity.Forexample,themostsevereclassificationreportedmaybeexceptionalbutamajorityofthe
countymayactuallybeinalessseverecondition.

ANNEX F: M
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
Abnor
There we
Center.
HeatWav
The Natio
county.
June2010
Heatinde
PROBABI
Drought
Basedon
likely (10
magnitud
Historic in
condition
HeatWav
Basedon
leveloflik

MONROE COUN
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
TABLEF.
rmallyDry
ere no report
ve
onal Climatic
0Aprolong
exreadingsra
ILITYOFFUT
historicalocc
0100 percen
e) of drough
nformation in
s.
ve
historicalocc
kely(10100p
NTY
al Hazard Mit
.10:HISTOR
ModerateDro
ted drought
c Data Cente
gedheatwav
ngedfrom10
TUREOCCUR
currenceinfo
nt annual pr
t and the am
ndicates that
currenceinfo
percentannu

2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source:U
tigation Plan
RICALDROUG
ughtSeve
events for M
er was used
eoccurredd
00to110deg
RRENCES
ormation,itis
robability) fo
mount of geog
there is a m
rmation,itis
alprobability
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
U.S.DroughtMon
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
Monroe Coun
to determin
uringthemid
grees.
sassumedth
or future dro
graphic area
much lower pr
assumedtha
y)forfutureh
MonroeC
EXCEPTIO
MODER
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
ABNOR
SEVE
EXCEPTIO
SEVE
ABNOR
SEVE
MODER
ABNOR
nitor
RENCESINM
ExtremeDro
ty according
e historical h
ddletolatter
atMonroeC
ought event
covered by d
robability for
atallofMonr
heatwaveeve
County
ONAL
RATE
MAL
NE
MAL
MAL
RE
ONAL
RE
MAL
RE
RATE
MAL
MONROECOU
oughtExc
to the Natio
heat wave o
partofJune
ountyhasap
s. Howeve
drought, varie
r extreme, lo
oeCountyha
ents.
UNTY
eptionalDrough
onal Climatic
occurrences i
acrossthere
probabilityle
r, the exten
es with each
nglasting dro
asaprobabilit
F:17
ht
Data
n the
egion.
velof
nt (or
year.
ought
ty
FINAL April 2014
F:18
F.2.6 Wildfire
Figure F.7 shows the Fire Occurrence Areas (FOA) in Monroe County based on data from the Southern
FIGUREF.7:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINMONROECOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Monroe County
FINAL April 2014
F:19
indicatesthatmostofthesefiresaresmall,averagingtenacresperfire.TableF.11providesasummary
of wildfire occurrences in Monroe County and Table F.12 lists the number of reported wildfire
TABLEF.11:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Monroe
County
TABLEF.12:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
MonroeCounty
Numberof
Fires
12 8 11 14 20 46 17 27 15 40
Numberof
Acres
Burned
164 131 91 105 278 525 59 148 161 364
Wildfire events will be an ongoing occurrence in Monroe County. The likelihood of wildfires increases
probabilityassignedtoMonroeCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

F.2.7 Earthquake
FigureF.8showstheintensitylevelassociatedwithMonroeCounty,basedonthenationalUSGSmapof
FINAL April 2014
F:20
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Monroe
FIGUREF.8:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
At least four earthquakes are known to have affected Monroe County since 1916. The strongest of
thesemeasuredaIVontheModifiedMercalliIntensity(MMI)scale.TableF.13providesasummaryof
F.14 presents a detailed occurrence of each event including the date, distance for the epicenter,
8

8
FINAL April 2014
F:21
TABLEF.13:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Aberdeen 3 IV <4.8
Amory 0
Gattman 0
Hatley 0
Smithville 1 II <4.2
MONROECOUNTYTOTAL 4 IV(moderate) <4.8
TABLEF.14:SIGNIFICANTSEISMICEVENTSINMONROECOUNTY(16381985)
Aberdeen
Aberdeen 10/18/1916 220.0km Unknown II
Aberdeen 12/17/1931 119.0km Unknown III
Aberdeen 11/9/1968 500.0km 5.3 IV
Amory
NoneReported
Gattman
NoneReported
Hatley
NoneReported
Smithville
Smithville 3/1/1975 68.0km Unknown II
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Monroe County is unlikely.
F.2.8 Landslide
FINAL April 2014
F:22
steepslopes.LandslidesarepossiblethroughoutMonroeCountybutthereisaverylowincidencerate
AccordingtoFigureF.9below,theentirecountyfallsunderalowincidencearea.Thisindicatesthatless
than1.5percentoftheareaisinvolvedinlandsliding.
FIGUREF.9:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFMONROECOUNTY
Source:USGS
FINAL April 2014
F:23
ThereisnoextensivehistoryoflandslidesinCalhounCounty.Landslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolated
areas.

events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Monroe
ofoccurrence.ItshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasinMonroeCountyhavegreaterriskthanothers
F.2.9 Expansive Soils
Due to the amount of clay minerals present in Monroe County, expansive soils present a threat to the
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureF.10.Theareasinblueare
underlainwithgenerallylessthan50percentclayhavinghighswellingpotential.

FINAL April 2014
F:24
FIGUREF.10:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS
ThereisnohistoricalrecordofsignificantexpansivesoileventsinMonroeCounty.However,expansive
FINAL April 2014
F:25
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

F.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Monroe County. All areas in Monroe County are
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 2 category 1 hurricanes and 2 tropical
stormsasshowninFigureF.11.
9
Atotalofsixtrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrengthat
thetimetheytraversedthecounty.TableF.15providesthedetailforeachstormthatpassedthrough

9
FINAL April 2014
F:26
FIGUREF.11:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFMONROECOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
F:27
TABLEF.15:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFMONROECOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
8/31/1950 BAKER 40 TropicalStorm
8/30/2005 KATRINA 58 TropicalStorm
Federal records indicate that disaster declarations were made in 2004 (Hurricane Ivan) and 2005
(HurricaneDennis).
10
Hurricaneandtropicalstormeventscancausesubstantialdamageintheareadue
tohighwindsandflooding.

10
FINAL April 2014
F:28
The probability of being impacted is less than coastal areas, but still remains a real threat to Monroe
area.
F.2.11 Thunderstorm
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Monroe County typically experiences several
assumed that Monroe County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumedthatMonroeCountyisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,allareasofthe
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofMonroeCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.

FINAL April 2014
F:29
Severe storms resulted in nine disaster declarations in Monroe County in 1979, three times in 1991,
2001, 2002, 2003, 2010, and 2011.
11
According to NCDC, there have been 180 reported thunderstorm
andhighwindeventssince1960inMonroeCounty.
12
Theseeventscausedapproximately$1.1million
(2013 dollars) in damages. There were also reports of three injuries. Table F.16 summarizes this
information. Table F.17 presents detailed thunderstorm and high wind event reports including date,
magnitude,andassociateddamagesforeachevent.
13
TABLEF.16:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Aberdeen 30 0/1 $440,371
Amory 16 0/0 $55,391
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 7 0/0 $48,013
MONROECOUNTYTOTAL 180 0/3 $1,057,150
TABLEF.17:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Aberdeen
ABERDEEN 16SEP96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,609
ABERDEEN 20AUG97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/1 $7,865
ABERDEEN 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,146
ABERDEEN 13JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $77,445
ABERDEEN 24APR99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,126
ABERDEEN 27FEB99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $37,815
ABERDEEN 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,343
ABERDEEN 16DEC00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,343
ABERDEEN 11OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,129

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Monroe County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
F:30
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
ABERDEEN 20AUG02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $6,921
ABERDEEN 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $61,494
ABERDEEN 18OCT07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,970
ABERDEEN 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $4,637
ABERDEEN 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
ABERDEEN 26JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
ABERDEEN 25OCT10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $0
ABERDEEN 01FEB12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,150
Amory
Amory 26JUL95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $3,314
AMORY 14APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $8,046
AMORY 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,360
AMORY 24JAN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
AMORY 13AUG99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,126
AMORY 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
AMORY 05MAY03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,344
AMORY 12SEP04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,524
AMORY 25SEP05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,334
AMORY 26JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
AMORY 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $4,637
AMORY 10MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,319
AMORY 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
AMORY 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
AMORY 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
AMORY 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Gattman
NoneReported
Hatley
HATLEY 16DEC00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $36,713
HATLEY 23OCT04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,524
HATLEY 18JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
HATLEY 20JUL07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,388
HATLEY 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
HATLEY 04JUL11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
HATLEY 05JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Smithville
Smithville 13JUL95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,286
SMITHVILLE 15APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
FINAL April 2014
F:31
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
SMITHVILLE 18JAN96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
SMITHVILLE 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $14,685
SMITHVILLE 21FEB01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $28,515
SMITHVILLE 01SEP07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $4,776
SMITHVILLE 29FEB12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
MONROECOUNTY 26MAY60 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 20JUL63 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 24DEC64 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 16JUN66 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 24OCT67 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 03APR74 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 10JAN75 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 16FEB75 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 20MAR76 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 21AUG79 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 12SEP82 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 23NOV83 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 19JAN88 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
F:32
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
MONROECOUNTY 10OCT92 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 13MAY94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $85,228
Nettleton 14MAY94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Bigbee 14MAY94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
MONROECOUNTY 03JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
Wren 26JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Prairie 26JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Prairie 27JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
MONROECOUNTY 30JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Victor 08JUN95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $663
SantaFe 08JUN95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $1,160
Hamilton 09JUL95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $1,657
Hamilton 13JUL95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $82,858
HAMILTON 29APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/1 $8,046
HAMILTON 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,730
ACKER 25OCT97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,865
BIGBEE 15JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,489
QUINCY 22JAN99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,126
BIGBEE 01APR00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $22,028
MULDON 02MAY00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,343
LACKEY 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,343
HAMILTON 20MAY01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
PRAIRIE 02JUN03 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $6,720
BIGBEE 04JUL05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,267
PRAIRIE 13MAR06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,149
FINAL April 2014
F:33
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
PRAIRIE 19JUL06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,460
BINFORD 08JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,898
MONROECOUNTY 29JAN08 HIGHWIND 50kts. 0/0 $11,593
WREN 04APR08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,478
PRAIRIE 08MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $0
LACKEY 04JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,319
BECKER 07AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $4,637
BECKER 15AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $4,637
BIGBEE 09DEC08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,319
MONROECOUNTY 11DEC08 STRONGWIND 30kts. 0/0 $57,964
MONROECOUNTY 12APR09 STRONGWIND 40kts. 0/0 $22,510
SPLUNGE 06MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BECKER 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,126
LACKEY 28JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
GREENWOODSPGS 24APR10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
NEWWREN 25JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
HAMILTON 16JUL10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
LACKEY 25OCT10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $0
PRAIRIE 29NOV10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 78kts. 0/0 $0
NEWWREN 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BIGBEE 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
NEWWREN 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WISEGAP 27APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
PRAIRIE 24JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WREN 04AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BECKER 01FEB12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
ABERDEENMNROE
COAR 01FEB12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
GREENWOODSPGS 29FEB12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
ABERDEEN
STINSONARP 02MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $0
NEWWREN 08MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WREN 14OCT12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $0
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 69 recorded hailstorm events have affected Monroe
Countysince1972.
14
TableF.18isasummaryofthehaileventsinMonroeCounty.TableF.19provides
more than $80,000 (2013 dollars) in property damages. Hail ranged in diameter from 0.75 inches to
2.75inches.Itshouldbenotedthathailisnotoriousforcausingsubstantialdamagetocars,roofs,and

14
hail events have affected Monroe County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
F:34
TABLEF.18:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Aberdeen 10 0/0 $2,537
Amory 13 0/0 $408
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 5 0/0 $11,666
TABLEF.19:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Aberdeen
ABERDEEN 20APR96 1.25in. 0/0 $322
ABERDEEN 28MAY98 0.75in. 0/0 $15
ABERDEEN 24APR99 1.75in. 0/0 $1,134
ABERDEEN 25MAY00 0.88in. 0/0 $73
ABERDEEN 03APR01 0.75in. 0/0 $14
ABERDEEN 07JUL04 1.75in. 0/0 $979
ABERDEEN 10APR09 0.75in. 0/0 $0
ABERDEEN 12JUN09 1.00in. 0/0 $0
ABERDEEN 26MAR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
ABERDEEN 02MAR12 1.50in. 0/0 $0
Amory
Amory 13MAY94 1.75in. 0/0 $0
Amory 13MAY94 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Amory 14MAY94 1.75in. 0/0 $0
AMORY 06MAR96 0.75in. 0/0 $16
AMORY 24JAN97 0.75in. 0/0 $31
AMORY 18JAN99 0.75in. 0/0 $15
AMORY 18FEB00 0.88in. 0/0 $147
AMORY 30APR02 0.88in. 0/0 $69
AMORY 05MAY03 0.88in. 0/0 $67
AMORY 30MAR05 0.88in. 0/0 $63
AMORY 12MAR10 1.25in. 0/0 $0
AMORY 20APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
AMORY 02MAR12 1.25in. 0/0 $0
Gattman
NoneReported -- --
Hatley
HATLEY 16DEC00 2.75in. 0/0 $11,014
FINAL April 2014
F:35
HATLEY 12SEP04 0.88in. 0/0 $652
HATLEY 12MAR10 2.50in. 0/0 $0
HATLEY 05APR12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
HATLEY 02MAR12 1.25in. 0/0 $0
Smithville
SMITHVILLE 14APR96 0.75in. 0/0 $16
SMITHVILLE 16SEP96 0.75in. 0/0 $16
SMITHVILLE 21FEB01 2.00in. 0/0 $2,495
SMITHVILLE 05MAY03 1.75in. 0/0 $1,008
SMITHVILLE 02MAY03 1.25in. 0/0 $336
UnincorporatedArea
MONROECOUNTY 02MAR72 1.20 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 26NOV73 1.50 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 28MAY80 1.75 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 17FEB86 0.75 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 18MAR87 1.75 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 20FEB89 0.75 0/0 $0
MONROECOUNTY 03JUN94 0.75 0/0 $8,523
Saltillo 30JUN94 1.75 0/0 $0
Hamilton 26JUL95 1.75 0/0 $8,286
NEWWREN 24APR99 2.00 0/0 $1,513
PRAIRIE 24APR99 1.25 0/0 $7,563
HAMILTON 10MAR00 1.00 0/0 $147
WREN 04APR01 0.75 0/0 $14
MULDON 24NOV01 0.75 0/0 $14
NEWWREN 30APR02 2.75 0/0 $10,382
BECKER 30APR02 1.25 0/0 $346
BIGBEE 07APR06 1.75 0/0 $12,299
BINFORD 08JAN08 0.75 0/0 $1,159
PRAIRIE 08JAN08 1.75 0/0 $5,796
STRONG 11APR08 0.88 0/0 $0
LACKEY 11APR08 1.00 0/0 $2,319
MULDON 24MAY08 0.88 0/0 $1,739
NEWWREN 14JUN08 0.88 0/0 $1,739
BIGBEE 10APR09 0.75 0/0 $0
HAMILTON 10APR09 1.25 0/0 $0
BIGBEE 24APR10 1.00 0/0 $0
HAMILTON 24APR10 1.75 0/0 $0
NEWWREN 31DEC10 1.75 0/0 $0
HAMILTON 27MAR11 0.88 0/0 $0
BIGBEE 20APR11 0.88 0/0 $0
NEWWREN 20APR11 0.75 0/0 $0
BIGBEE 20APR11 0.75 0/0 $0
WREN 17JAN12 0.88 0/0 $0
WREN 02MAR12 2.00 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
F:36
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been two recorded lightning events in
MonroeCountysince2000.Theseeventsresultedinmorethan$287,000(2013dollars)indamagesas
listedinsummaryTableF.20.
15
lightningeventscanbefoundinTableF.21.
TABLEF.20:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Aberdeen 0 0/0 $0
Amory 1 0/0 $213,864
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
Smithville 0 0/0 $0
TABLEF.21:HISTORICALLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Aberdeen
NoneReported
Amory
AMORY 15APR01 0/0 $213,864
Alargehomewasdestroyedbyafirestartedby
lightning.
Gattman
NoneReported
Hatley
NoneReported
Smithville
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
COUNTYWIDE 20JUL00 0/0 $73,427
Threehomesincountyweredamagedordestroyed
byfiressparkedbylightning.

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Monroe County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
FINAL April 2014
F:37
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Monroe County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
Lightning
Although there was not a high number of historical lightning events reported in Monroe County via
),MonroeCountyislocatedinanareaofthecountry
F.2.12 Tornado
Tornadoes occur throughout the state of Mississippi, and thus in Monroe County. Tornadoes typically
Therefore,itisassumedthatMonroeCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in nine disaster declarations in Monroe County in 1973, 1979, twice in 1991, 2001,
2002,2003,2010,and2011.
16
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotal
of29recordedtornadoeventsinMonroeCountysince1952(TableF.22),resultinginover$40.2million
(2013 dollars) in property damages.
17
In addition, 18 fatalities and 128 injuries were reported. The
magnitude of these tornadoes ranges from F0 to F5 in intensity. Detailed information on historic
tornadoeventscanbefoundinTableF.23.

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Monroe County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
F:38
TABLEF.22:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Aberdeen 1 0/0 $31,669
Amory 0 0/0 $0
Gattman 0 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
Smithville 1 16/37 $2,652,250
TABLEF.23:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINMONROECOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Aberdeen
ABERDEEN 29APR05 F1 0/0 $31,669
ThetornadotoucheddownnearAberdeenand
movednortheast.Onehouselosthalfofitsroof.
Severalotherhomessufferedshingledamage.
Severallargetreeswereuprooted.
Amory
None
Reported
Gattman
None
Reported
Hatley
None
Reported
FINAL April 2014
F:39
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Smithville
SMITHVILLE 27APR11 F5 16/37 $2,652,250
Afterliftingfor4miles,aviolentEF5tornado
touchedbackdownsouthwestofSmithvilleand
movednortheast.ThetownofSmithvillewas
almostcompletelydestroyedbythetornado.
Homesandbusinesseswerecompletelywipedoff
oftheirfoundations.Thetownhall,postoffice,
policestation,andfourchurchesweredestroyed.
Allappliancesandplumbingfixturesinthedirect
pathofthetornadowereshreddedormissing.
Granitetombstoneswereknockeddowninthe
oppositedirectionofthetornadopassage.Aford
explorerthatwasparkedahalfmileawayfrom
thetown'swatertowerwaspickedupbythe
tornadoandthrownintothetopofthewater
tower.Thevehiclewasthenthrownanadditional
fewhundredfeet.Intotal,117structureswere
destroyedwithanadditional50structures
sustainingmajordamage.Numerousother
structuressustainedminordamage.Treeswere
debarked,twisted,andsnapped.Powerlines
wereknockeddownandthetown'swatersystem
wasdestroyed.Alotofthehomesthatwere
destroyedwerewellbuilt,boltedtotheir
foundationsandwerelessthan10yearsold.A
totalof16fatalitiesoccurredfromthetornado.
Thirtyseveninjuriesoccurredaswell.The
tornadocontinuednortheastafterdestroying
SmithvilleandcrossedintoItawambaCounty,
Mississippi.
UnincorporatedArea
MONROE
COUNTY 13FEB52 F1 0/1 $238,034
MONROE
COUNTY 14MAY53 F2 0/0 $0
MONROE
COUNTY 16FEB56 F3 1/55 $23,253,036
MONROE
COUNTY 11MAR63 F2 0/5 $2,062,962
MONROE
COUNTY 17MAR65 F3 0/1 $200,138
MONROE
COUNTY 10MAY70 F1 0/4 $1,628,654
MONROE
COUNTY 12MAR75 F2 0/1 $1,172,821
MONROE
COUNTY 20MAR76 F3 0/3 $1,111,264
MONROE
COUNTY 19JUN80 F2 0/0 $766,243
MONROE
COUNTY 12SEP82 F1 0/0 $65,411
FINAL April 2014
F:40
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
MONROE
COUNTY 18MAY86 F1 0/0 $57,633
MONROE
COUNTY 04NOV88 F1 0/0 $53,352
MONROE
COUNTY 23DEC88 F1 0/0 $533,525
MONROE
COUNTY 07JAN89 F2 0/0 $509,212
MONROE
COUNTY 07JAN89 F1 0/0 $50,921
MONROE
COUNTY 20FEB89 F2 0/0 $509,212
MONROE
COUNTY 05MAR89 F1 0/0 $50,921
Prairie 20APR95 F0 0/0 $3,314
Asmalltornadobrieflytoucheddownblowing
overafewtrees.
GIBSON 07MAY03 F2 0/6 $2,687,833
ThetornadomovedintoMonroeCountyfrom
ChickasawCountyandcontinuedtomoveeast
southeast.Acowandacalfwerekilled.Thirty
fivehomesweredestroyedand117otherswere
damaged.Severalbarns,shedsandoutbuildings
werealsodamaged.
NEWWREN 07DEC04 F1 0/0 $32,619
Thetornadotoucheddowninextremenorthwest
MonroeCountyandmovedeast.Onehomehad
someshinglesblownoffitsroof.Oneroadsign
wastwisted.Severaltreeswereblowndown.
BECKER 13JAN05 F1 0/0 $63,339
ThetornadotoucheddowninBeckerandmoved
northeast.Fourhomesandacarweredamaged
byfallingtrees.Manytreeswereblowndown.
NEWWREN 02APR09 F1 0/0 $0
AtornadotoucheddownnearCentralGrove.
MostofthedamageoccurredalongSawyerRoad.
Largetreesweresnappedandaroofofahouse
waspartiallytornoff.Powerpolesandpower
lineswerealsoknockeddown.
FINAL April 2014
F:41
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
HAMILTON 24APR10 F1 0/1 $382,454
AtornadotoucheddownjustsouthofHamilton
RoadalongHighway45inNewHamilton.The
tornadotrackednortheastforsevenmilesand
liftednearBartahatchieRoad,approximatelyone
mileeastoftheintersectionofBartahatchieRoad
andGrubbSpringsRoad.Numeroustreeswere
uprootedalongthetrack.Trafficlightswere
severelydamagedattheintersectionofHighway
45andHamiltonRoad.Onehousenearthe
beginningofthetracksufferedstructuraldamage
losingagarageandutilityroom.Severalhomes
alsosustainedroofdamage.Afewvehiclesalso
receiveddamagefromfallingtreesorother
debris.Onepersonwasinjuredwhenatreefell
ontoavehicle.Asmallsteeloutbuildingwasalso
destroyedwithdebrisfromtheoutbuildingbeing
wrappedinamongstsurroundingtrees.Asupport
onabuiltincarportwasdestroyedallowinga
portionofthehomerooftocollapse.Several
powerlineswerealsoknockeddownalong
HamiltonandGrubbsSpringsRoad.Intotal,9
homessustainedmajordamagefromthetornado
with35homesreceivingminordamage.In
addition,3mobilehomessustainedmajor
damageand7receivedminordamage.One
businesswasdestroyed,onebusinesssustained
majordamageand3receivedminordamage.
Severalvehiclesweredamagedaswell.Timber
damagealonefromthetornadowasreportedto
bearound92thousanddollars.
ACKER 29NOV10 F2 0/11 $273,182
AtornadotoucheddownintheBecker
CommunityeastoftheMonroeCountyAirport.
Thetornadodestroyedonehomewithfour
homessustainingmajordamage.Anadditional
ninehomessustainedminordamage.Eight
mobilehomesweredestroyedwithanotherfive
receivingmajordamage.Fourteenmobilehomes
sustainedminordamage.Numeroustreesand
powerlinesweresnappedorknockeddown.
GIBSON 27APR11 F3 0/3 $796,675
AnEF1tornadomovednortheastoutof
ChickasawCountyintoMonroeCounty.Atleast
31homesandbusinessessustainedminor
damage.ThreeinjuriesoccurredintheWrenand
NewWrenarea.Numeroustreeswereuprooted
orsnappedalongthepath.Powerlineswerealso
knockeddownaswell.
NEWWREN 27APR11 F3 1/0 $1,060,900
AstrongtornadomovedintoMonroeCounty
fromChickasawCountyandcontinuednortheast.
TheNewWrencommunitywasespeciallyhit
hard.Atleast20homesweredestroyedor
sustainedmajordamage.Hundredsoftreeswere
snappedordebarked.Numerouspowerlines
wereknockeddown.Onemotoristwaskilledas
thetornadomovedthroughthearea.
FINAL April 2014
F:42
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
SPLUNGE 01FEB12 F0 0/0 $25,750
AtornadobrieflytoucheddownalongSipsey
DetroitRoadnearSipseyFork,justwestofthe
MississippiAlabamaBorder.Thetornadomoved
northeastforapproximately200yards.Asingle
familyhomesustainedminordamagewhich
includedthecollapseofacarport.Anawningofa
mobilehomewasblownoff.Themobilehome
alsosustaineddamagefromashedthatwas
liftedupbythetornadoandthrownintothe
mobilehome.Theshedwasdestroyedaswellas
anearbychickencoop.Severalcedartreeswere
blownoverorsnapped.
statesofAlabamaandMississippi.Duringthisoutbreak,oneF5andtwoF3tornadoeswerereportedin
Monroe County on April 27, 2011. These tornadoes resulted in 17 fatalities, 40 injuries, and over $4.5
million(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Monroe County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Monroe County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
F.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
MonroeCountyhaseightTRIsites.ThesesitesareshowninFigureF.12.

FINAL April 2014
F:43
FIGUREF.12:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINMONROECOUNTY
Source:EPA

FINAL April 2014
F:44
There have been a total of 47 recorded HAZMAT incidents in Monroe County since 1973 (Table F.24),
resulting in nearly $1.9 million in property damages. Table F.25 presents detailed information on
historic HAZMAT incidents in Monroe County as reported by the U.S. Department of Transportation
PipelineandHazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration(PHMSA).
TABLEF.24:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Aberdeen 18 0/0 $91,888
Amory 19 0/0 $10,038
Gattman 1 0/0 $0
Hatley 0 0/0 $0
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEF.25:HAZMATINCIDENTSINMONROECOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Aberdeen
I1981081053 8/7/1981 ABERDEEN Highway No 0/0 $0 2LGA
I1997070052 6/12/1997 ABERDEEN Highway No 0/0 $125 0.0625LGA
I2003060315 5/2/2003 ABERDEEN Rail Yes 0/0 $0 0
I2011080595 8/2/2011 ABERDEEN Highway Yes 0/0 $75,500 139LGA
I1984110075 10/19/1984 ABERDEEN Rail No 0/0 $0 4LGA
I1977080144 7/27/1977 ABERDEEN Highway No 0/0 $0 0
E2006070102 4/25/2006 ABERDEEN Highway No 0/0 $16,000 5LGA
I1987030230 3/3/1987 ABERDEEN Highway Yes 0/0 $0 500LGA
I1982090147 9/1/1982 ABERDEEN Highway No 0/0 $0 100SLB
Amory
I1993110006 10/14/1993 AMORY Rail No 0/0 $0 0
I2001100455 9/1/2001 AMORY Rail No 0/0 $1,610 2LGA
I2007030212 2/17/2007 AMORY Rail No 0/0 $0 0.5LGA
X2008070237 7/2/2008 AMORY Rail No 0/0 $0 1LGA
FINAL April 2014
F:45
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
I1995050089 4/21/1995 AMORY Highway No 0/0 $25 0.09375LGA
I1998080079 6/23/1998 AMORY Highway No 0/0 $450 20LGA
I1993090336 8/3/1993 AMORY Rail No 0/0 $5 1LGA
I1999100860 9/29/1999 AMORY Rail No 0/0 $0 0.25SLB
I2002010511 10/10/2001 AMORY Highway No 0/0 $2,020 2LGA
X2011070435 7/14/2011 Amory Rail No 0/0 $0 1LGA
I2004061045 5/24/2004 AMORY Rail No 0/0 $300 0.25LGA
Gattman
I1975020008 1/24/1975 GATMAN Rail No 0/0 $0 0
Hatley
NoneReported
Smithville
I1996111023 10/16/1996 SMITHVILLE Highway Yes 0/0 $21,525 2,000SLB
UnincorporatedArea
I1996030605 2/23/1996 HAMILTON Highway No 0/0 $0 2LGA
I1999120864 12/2/1999 HAMILTON Highway No 0/0 $1 2LGA
I2003081164 8/6/2003 HAMILTON Rail No 0/0 $2,020 20LGA
I2007010424 10/17/2006 HAMILTON Highway Yes 0/0 $166,900 480LGA
I2010110399 10/25/2010 HAMILTON Rail Yes 0/0 $527,000 418.75LGA
I2010110399 10/25/2010 HAMILTON Rail Yes 0/0 $527,000 35LGA
I2010110399 10/25/2010 HAMILTON Rail Yes 0/0 $527,000 139.5LGA
I1977061311 6/15/1977 NETTLETON Highway Yes 0/0 $0 2,000LGA
Source:USDOTPHMSA
Given the location of eight toxic release inventory sites in Monroe County and many roadway and rail
Since there are eight TRI sites and a significant record of previous events in the county, hazardous

FINAL April 2014
F:46
F.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.MonroeCountychosetoanalyze
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th
State,"onOctober4
th

18
FINAL April 2014
F:47
widelyrecorded.
19
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatMonroeCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof

F.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk

19
FINAL April 2014
F:48
HAZARDEXTENT
Table F.26 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for Monroe County. The extent of a
TABLEF.26:EXTENTOFMONROECOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor18.8percentofthetotallandareainMonroeCounty.
jurisdiction,thereisoneatornearmanyareas.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinMonroeCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).Therearenodamsclassifiedashighhazardin
MonroeCounty.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinMonroe
inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.MonroeCountyhasreceived
Wildfire
occurinMonroeCountyinanyyearwas46in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
FINAL April 2014
F:49
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromMonroeCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
AberdeenwithaMMIofIV(moderate)withacorrelatingRichterScale
measurementoflessthan4.8.
Landslide
inMonroeCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinMonroeCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
percentofthesoilsMonroeCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughMonroeCountywasatropicalstorm
(HurricaneKatrina)whichcarriedtropicalforcewindsof58milesperhourupon
arrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinMonroeCountywasreportedon
November29,2010at78knots(approximately90mph).Itshouldbenotedthat
reportedinMonroeCountywas2.75inches(lastreportedonApril30,2002).It
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),MonroeCountyis
figures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinMonroeCountywasanF5(reported
onApril27,2011).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis2,000LGAreleasedonthehighwayinNettleton,anunincorporated
community.Itshouldbenotedthatlargereventsarepossible.
Pandemic
Theextentofa pandemicimpactingthecountyisdifficulttoestimate.Itcould
life.
FINAL April 2014
F:50
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskforMonroeCounty,theresultsof
Section5.16.2.
Table F.27 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEF.27:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORMONROECOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
ExpansiveSoils Possible Minor Small Lessthan6hours Lessthan6hours 1.8
WindrelatedHazards
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely

FINAL April 2014
F:51
F.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Monroe County, including the PRI results
identifiedhazardaccordingtothreecategories:HighRisk,ModerateRisk,andLowRisk(TableF.28).For
that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Monroe County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionF.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
TABLEF.28:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORMONROECOUNTY
F.3 MONROE COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Monroe County to the significant hazards
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
Earthquake
DamFailure
ExpansiveSoils
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
F:52
F.3.1 Asset Inventory
TableF.29liststhenumberofparcelsandthetotalassessedvalueofimprovementsforMonroeCounty
20
TABLEF.29:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINMONROECOUNTY
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Aberdeen 3,412 $160,156,780
Amory 4,298 $314,100,450
Gattman 131 $2,513,810
Hatley 346 $15,997,370
Smithville 511 $17,667,700
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 27,204 $1,144,456,173
Table F.30 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinMonroeCounty. Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecritical facilitiesfor
the countyandthisdata wasupdated toreflect current conditions.Inaddition,Figure F.13showsthe
locations of essential facilities in Monroe County. Table F.43, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLEF.30:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINMONROECOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Aberdeen 2 2 1 0 6
Amory 1 1 1 1 8
Gattman 0 0 0 0 0
Hatley 0 0 0 0 0
Smithville 0 0 0 0 1
CALHOUNCOUNTYTOTAL 5 4 2 1 17
Source:HazusMH

20
FINAL April 2014
F:53
FIGUREF.13:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINMONROECOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
F.3.2 Social Vulnerability
and assess those particular segments of the resident population in Monroe County that are potentially

FINAL April 2014
F:54
TableF.31liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
dataispresentedat the countyandmunicipallevel.Thetotalpopulationin MonroeCountyaccording
toCensusdatais36,989persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionF.1.
TABLEF.31:TOTALPOPULATIONINMONROECOUNTY
Aberdeen 5,612
Amory 7,316
Gattman 90
Hatley 482
Smithville 942
MONROECOUNTYTOTAL 36,989
Inaddition,FigureF.14illustratesthe populationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
21

21

FINAL April 2014
F:55
FIGUREF.14:POPULATIONDENSITYINMONROECOUNTY
F.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
MonroeCounty,arepresentedhere.Allotherhazardsareassumedtoimpacttheentireplanningregion
(drought,hailstorm,lightning,pandemic,thunderstormwind,tornado,andwinterstormandfreeze)or,
duetolackofdata,analysiswouldnotleadtocredibleresults(damandleveefailure,erosion,expansive
soils,andlandslide).Thetotalcountyexposure,andthusrisk,waspresentedinTableF.31.

FINAL April 2014
F:56
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableF.42.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Monroe County is susceptible to flood events. A total of 15 flood
events have been reported by the National Climatic Data Center resulting in $98,123 (2013 dollars) in
damages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$10,033forMonroeCounty.
belocatedwithinanidentifiedfloodplain.TableF.32presentsthepotentialatriskproperty.Boththe
TABLEF.32:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Aberdeen 218 $14,183,310 10 $747,850 9.3%
Amory 206 $14,160,910 86 $8,837,520 7.3%
Gattman 6 $8,470 0 $0 0.3%
Hatley 1 $75,190 1 $0 0.5%
Smithville 51 $1,056,470 10 $310,920 7.7%
UnincorporatedArea 3,410 $91,837,555 273 $7,835,950 15.7%
MONROECOUNTY
TOTAL
3,892 $121,321,905 380 $17,732,240 12.2%
Source:FEMADFIRM
SocialVulnerability
on population atrisk to flood due to tract level population data. Figure F.15 is presented to gain a

FINAL April 2014
F:57
FIGUREF.15:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
The critical facility analysis revealed that there are a no critical facilities located in the Monroe County
TableF.43attheendofthissection.
Monroe County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
FINAL April 2014
F:58
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Monroe County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are
Figure F.16 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Monroe County has very
MonroeCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableF.33showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
F:59
FIGUREF.16:WILDFIRERISKAREASINMONROECOUNTY
TABLEF.33:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
Levelof
FloodEvent
WildfireRisk
Aberdeen 0 $0
Amory 0 $0
Gattman 0 $0
Hatley 0 $0
Smithville 0 $0
MONROECOUNTY
TOTAL
3 $184,160
areas. While the jurisdictions report a fairly low level of concern, each should mindful that a wildfire
couldoccuranywhereinthecountyandfiremayquicklyspreadtothoselowerareasofconcern.

FINAL April 2014
F:60
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableF.43
facilities,andpopulationsinMonroeCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
22
TableF.34summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEF.34:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
MonroeCounty $128,000 $3,404,560,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.

22
FINAL April 2014
F:61
populationsinMonroeCounty.TheHazusMHscenarioindicatesthatminimaldamageisexpectedfrom
anearthquakeoccurrence.WhileMonroeCountymaynotexperiencealargeearthquake(thegreatest
on record is a magnitude IV MMI), localized damage is possible with an occurrence. A list of specific
criticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableF.43attheendofthissection.
Historical evidence indicates that Calhoun County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
storm hazard. There have been two disaster declarations due to hurricanes (Hurricanes Ivan and
Dennis). Several tracks have come near or traversed through the county, as shown and discussed in
SectionF.2.10.
23
forthecounty asshownbelowinTable F.35.Only
TABLEF.35:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
MonroeCounty $91,000 $3,404,560,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableF.36.
TABLEF.36:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
MonroeCounty $0 $3,404,560,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrossMonroeCounty,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeatrisk.Some

23
FINAL April 2014
F:62
TableF.43attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinMonroeCounty.
Although historical evidence and existing Toxic Release Inventory sites indicate that Monroe County is
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforMonroeCounty.
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesinMonroeCounty,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysisasshown
in Figure F.17. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
impactpeopleandbuildings,wereusedfortheGISbufferanalysis.FigureF.18showstheareasusedfor
value,asshowninTableF.37(fixedsites)andTableF.38(mobilesites).
24

24
FINAL April 2014
F:63
FIGUREF.17:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINMONROECOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEF.37:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Aberdeen 364 $40,034,450 3,412 $160,156,780
Amory 304 $19,192,470 4,298 $314,100,450
Gattman 0 $0 0 $0
Hatley 0 $0 346 $15,997,370
Smithville 0 $0 511 $17,667,700
MONROECOUNTYTOTAL 687 $60,936,470 17,568 $1,036,651,350

FINAL April 2014
F:64
FIGUREF.18:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINMONROECOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
F:65
TABLEF.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Aberdeen 3,309 $166,232,890 11,683 $515,135,940
Amory 1,891 $157,321,350 12,978 $979,700,740
Gattman 0 $0 0 $0
Hatley 0 $0 0 $0
Smithville 233 $6,961,230 511 $17,667,700
MONROECOUNTYTOTAL 9,431 $491,085,520 38,915 $2,085,493,383
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisforfixedTRIsitesrevealedthat there areeighteen MonroeCountyfacilities
located in a HAZMAT risk zone. All of these facilities are in the secondary, 2,500 meter zone. A list of
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableF.43attheendofthissection.
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Monroe County revealed that there are 24
foundinTableF.45attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Monroe County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at
Table F.39 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Monroe County. Due to the
region.

FINAL April 2014
F:66
TABLEF.39:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORMONROECOUNTY
Event
Monroe
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $10,033
Erosion Negligible
WinterStorm&Freeze $465
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $128,000
WindrelatedHazards
Hail $2,804
Lightning $23,470
Tornado $1,946,303
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableF.40showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
F:67


FINAL April 2014
F:68
TABLEF.40:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINMONROECOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
5
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
MONROECOUNTY

WrenVolunteerFireDepartmentInc.
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
CedarCreekVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
AberdeenMonroeCountyHosp
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
AberdeenPoliceDept
Police
Station
MonroeCountySheriff'sOffice
Police
Station
AberdeenElementarySchool School
AberdeenHighSchool School
AberdeenMiddleSchool School
ShiversJuniorHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
BelleElementary School
X X X X X X X X X X
MonroeCoVocTech School
X X X X X X X X X
AmoryCivilDefense EOC
AmoryFireDept
Fire
Station

25


FINAL April 2014
F:69

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
5
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
PioneerCommunityHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
AmoryPoliceDept
Police
Station
HatleyHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
AmoryChristianAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
EastAmoryElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
AmoryHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
AmoryMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
AmoryVocTechComplex School
X X X X X X X X X X
WestAmorySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
BeckerElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
RuralHillVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
HamiltonHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
HatleyVolunteerFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
NettletonPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
PrairieElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
SmithvilleHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X

FINAL April 2014
F:70
F.4 MONROE COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection discusses the capability of Monroe County to implement hazard mitigation activities.
F.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableF.41providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
under development for Monroe County. A checkmark () indicates that the given item is currently in
MitigationPlan.
TABLEF.41:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
MONROE
COUNTY

Aberdeen
Amory
Gattman
Hatley
Smithville

FINAL April 2014
F:71
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT

Monroe County has previously adopted a hazard mitigation plan. The City of Aberdeen, the City of
Amory,theVillageofGattman,theTownofHatley,andtheTownofSmithvillewerealsoincludedinthis
plan.
Monroe County maintains an emergency operations plan through its Emergency Management Agency.
The City of Aberdeen, the City of Amory, the Village of Gattman, the Town of Hatley, and the Town of
Smithvilleareeachcoveredbythisplan.
GENERALPLANNING
Monroe County has not adopted a county comprehensive land use plan. However, the City of
Aberdeen, the City of Amory, and the Town of Smithville each adopted a comprehensive plan in 1979,
1969,and2013,respectively.
ZoningOrdinance
Monroe County does not have a zoning ordinance in place. However, the Town City of Aberdeen and
the City of Amory have adopted zoning ordinances. Additionally, the Town of Smithville adopted a
zoningordinanceaspartofthetownlanddevelopmentordinancein2013.
MonroeCountydoesnothaveasubdivisionordinanceinplace.However,theCityofAberdeenadopted
subdivisionregulationsin1979andtheTownofSmithvilleadoptedsubdivisionregulationsaspartofthe
townlanddevelopmentordinancein2013.
MonroeCountyhasnotadoptedabuildingcode.However,theCityofAberdeen,theCityofAmory,and
theTownofSmithvillehaveadoptedbuildingcodes.
Table F.42 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Monroe
County.
TABLEF.42:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
MONROECOUNTY 3/16/88 3/16/88 131 $15,583,000 26 $230,844
Aberdeen 2/1/78 3/16/88 27 $3,550,700 15 $40,534

FINAL April 2014
F:72
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
Amory 4/17/78 3/16/88 182 $25,069,000 43 $376,294
Gattman*
Hatley*
Smithville 3/16/88 3/16/88 2 $370,000 0 $0
ordinance. Monroe County, the City of Aberdeen, the City of Amory, and the Town of Smithville all
participateintheNFIPandhaveadoptedflooddamagepreventionordinances.
F.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
Table F.43 provides a summary of the capability assessment results for Monroe County with regard to
TABLEF.43:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
MONROECOUNTY
Aberdeen
Amory
Gattman

FINAL April 2014
F:73
Hatley
Smithville
F.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table F.44 provides a summary of the results for Monroe County with regard to relevant fiscal
TABLEF.44:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
MONROE
COUNTY

Aberdeen
Amory
Gattman
Hatley
Smithville

FINAL April 2014
F:74
F.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Monroe County is more
F.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table F.45 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology
TABLEF.45:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
MONROECOUNTY 23 Moderate
Aberdeen 28 Moderate
Amory 31 Moderate
Gattman 12 Limited
Hatley 12 Limited
Smithville 30 Moderate
F.5 MONROE COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforMonroeCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerable
F.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Monroe County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableF.46.
TABLEF.46:SMOKYMOUNTAINREGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal

FINAL April 2014
F:75
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6
F.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
ThemitigationactionsproposedbyMonroeCounty,theCityofAberdeen,theCityofAmory,theVillage
of Gattman, the Town of Hatley, and the Town of Smithville are listed in the following individual
MitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
F:76
Monroe County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
County
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
DeferredNofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
F:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
$25to$100
perradio
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:78
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
County
TBD
County,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,County,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:79
City of Aberdeen Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
F:80
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
ImplementedN/A

FINAL April 2014
F:81
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:82
City of Amory Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
City
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:83
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
$25to$100
perradio
City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL, T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
TBD City,LocalEMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:84
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,City
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,City,Local
EMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:85
Village of Gattman Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Village
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
$50,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
F:86
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
$25to$100
perradio
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Village
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:87
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,
Village
TBD
Village,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Village,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:88
Town of Hatley Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred

FINAL April 2014
F:89
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:90
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:91
Town of Smithville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented
EmergencyServices
ES1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Three
RiversPDD,
Town
$500,000to
$1,000,000
ThreeRivers
PDD
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferrednofunds
ES2
needsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:92
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES3
whereneedsarise.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$50,000to
$75,000per
generator
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Deferred
ES4
Weather/hazardradio
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
$25to$100
perradio
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES5
event.
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,DR,LS,
ES,DF
High
Federal
(FEMA),
Sate,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented
ES6
systemsSeekto
storms.
T,HW,HA,
L
High
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
Followingreceipt
ofnecessaryfunds
Implemented

FINAL April 2014
F:93
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
StructuralProjects
SP1
improvementsSeekto
FL,LS,ES,
DF
High,
Medium,
orLow
basedon
area
Federal
(FEMA),
State,Town
TBD
Town,Local
EMA
2019
Implementedas
needed
PEA1
FL,T,HW,
WS,HA,L,
EQ,WF,
EH,D,LS,
ES,DF
High N/A N/A
ThreeRivers
PDD,Town,
LocalEMA
2014 Implemented

Annex G
Noxubee County
FINAL April 2014
G:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Noxubee County and its participating
G.1NoxubeeCountyCommunityProfile
G.2NoxubeeCountyRiskAssessment
G.3NoxubeeCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
G.4NoxubeeCountyCapabilityAssessment
G.5NoxubeeCountyMitigationStrategy
G.1 NOXUBEE COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

G.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Noxubee County is located in east central Mississippi. It comprises three municipalities, the Town of
Brooksville, the City of Macon, and the Town of Shuqualak, as well as several small unincorporated
communities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureG.1.
ThecountyislocatedwestoftheTombigbeeRiverontheMississippi/Alabamastateline.Thetotalarea
ofthecountyis700squaremiles,5squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
upper60sto70F.Wintertemperaturesrangefromhighsinthemidtoupper50stolowsaround33F.
Average annual rainfall is approximately 55 inches, with the wettest months being December through
February.
ANNEX G: NOXUBEE COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
G:2
FIGUREG.1:NOXUBEECOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
G.1.2 Population and Demographics
Accordingtothe2010Census,NoxubeeCountyhasapopulationof11,545people.Thecountyhasseen
an8%declineinpopulationbetween2000and2010,andthepopulationdensityis17peoplepersquare
mile.PopulationcountsfromtheUSCensusBureaufor1990,2000,and2010forthecountyandboth
oftheparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableG.1.
TABLEG.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORNOXUBEECOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
NoxubeeCounty 12,604 12,548 11,545 8.0%
Brooksville 1,098 1,182 1,223 3.5%
Macon 2,256 2,461 2,768 12.5%
Shuqualak 570 562 501 10.9%

FINAL April 2014
G:3
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Noxubee County is 36.3 years. The racial
characteristicsofthecountyarepresentedinTableG.2.Blacksmakeupthemajorityofthepopulation
TABLEG.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFNOXUBEECOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
NoxubeeCounty 27.1% 71.6% 0.2% 1.1% 0.8%
Brooksville 15.9% 82.5% 0.1% 1.6% 1.0%
Macon 21.7% 77.0% 0.1% 1.1% 0.5%
Shuqualak 20.0% 78.6% 0.0% 1.4% 1.2%
G.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 5,170 housing units in Noxubee County, the majority of
presented in Table G.3. As shown in the table, the three incorporated towns have a slightly lower
TABLEG.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFNOXUBEECOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
NoxubeeCounty 5,228 5,170 4.9% $53,000
Brooksville 480 528 1.5% $53,900
Macon 1,015 1,159 1.3% $59,700
Shuqualak 249 230 1.3% $49,700
G.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Lowndes County, US Highway 45 provides access to the north and south and passes through
Brooksville, Macon, and Shuqualak, linking the county to Lowndes County and Kemper County. State
Highway 14, which crosses east and west, also travels through Macon and provides access to Alabama
andneighboringWinstonCounty.StateHighway388alsorunseasttowestandconnectsBrooksvilleto
Alabama.
The Macon Municipal Airport provides limited local service and regional air travel connections are
availablethroughGoldenTriangleRegionalAirportinLowndesCountyandMeridianRegionalAirportin
Lauderdale County. The closest international airport is JacksonEvers International, approximately 130
milesawayfromthecounty.
FINAL April 2014
G:4
offeredatthistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Noxubee County is provided by the Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingFourCountyElectricPowerAssociation(EPA)andEastMississippiEPA.TheCityof
MaconElectricandWaterDepartmentalsoservesresidentsinMacon.
WaterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheTownofBrooksville,theCityofMacon,andthe
TownofShuqualakaswellasvarietyofliftstationsandruralwaterassociations.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Noxubee County.
ThereisonehospitallocatedinNoxubeeCounty.NoxubeeGeneralCriticalAccessHospitalisa25bed
medicalsurgicalhospitallocatedintheCityofMacon.
Recreational opportunities in Noxubee County are available at the Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge,
Noxubee River, TennesseeTombigbee Waterway, Circle M Plantation, various golf courses, and
Noxubee County Historical Trail. Activities include hunting, fishing, boating, hiking, picnicking,
swimming,wildlifeviewing,andgolfing.
G.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Noxubee County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
G.1.6 Employment and Industry
According to the Mississippi Employment Security Commission, in 2012, Noxubee County had an
(comparedto9.2percentforthestate).In2012,theManufacturingindustryemployed44.2percentof
the workforce. Retail Trade was the second largest industry, employing 23.1 percent of workers, and
Public Administration followed closely behind (12.5%). The average annual wage in 2012 for Noxubee
Countywas$27,248comparedto$37,440fortheStateofMississippi.
G.2 NOXUBEE COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT

FINAL April 2014
G:5
Identification as they pertain to Noxubee County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
G.2.1 Flood
There are areas in Noxubee County that are susceptible to flood events. Special flood hazard areas in
Rate Maps (DFIRM).
1
GISanalysis,ofthe715squaremilesthatmakeupNoxubeeCounty,thereare144squaremilesofland
inzonesAandAE(1percentannualchancefloodplain/100yearfloodplain)and0.5squaremilesofland
These flood zone values account for 20.2 percent of the total land area in Noxubee County. It is
related losses often do occur outside of delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure G.2, Figure G.3,
Figure G.4, and Figure G.5 illustrate the location and extent of currently mapped special flood hazard
areasforNoxubeeCounty,theTownofBrooksville,theCityofMacon,andtheTownofShuqualakbased
onbestavailableFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Noxubee County were updated in 2011.

FINAL April 2014
G:6
FIGUREG.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINNOXUBEECOUNTY


FINAL April 2014
G:7
FIGUREG.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINBROOKSVILLE


FINAL April 2014
G:8
FIGUREG.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINMACON

FINAL April 2014
G:9
FIGUREG.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINSHUQUALAK


FINAL April 2014
G:10
FloodsresultedinonedisasterdeclarationsinNoxubeeCountyin1979.
2
InformationfromtheNational
Climatic Data Center was used to ascertain historical flood events. The National Climatic Data Center
reportedatotalof12eventsinNoxubeeCountysince2002.
3
Asummaryoftheseeventsispresentedin
Table G.4. These events accounted for more than $679,000 (2013 dollars) in property damage in the
county. Specific information on flood events, including date, type of flooding, and deaths and injuries,
canbefoundinTableG.5.
TABLEG.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Macon 2 0/0 $137,002
Shuqualak 3 0/0 $15,178
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 12 0/0 $679,186
TABLEG.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Brooksville
NoneReported
Macon
MACON 24APR03 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $134,392
MACON 09DEC04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $2,610
Shuqualak
SHUQUALAK 26SEP02 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,384
SHUQUALAK 06APR05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $12,668
SHUQUALAK 23SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,126
UnincorporatedArea
COUNTYWIDE 05FEB04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $130,477
WESTPORTION 29AUG05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $101,342
CLIFTONVILLE 06JAN09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $225,102
MCLEOD 21SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,126
MACONMUNIARPT 01JAN11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $63,654
BIGBEEVLY 05SEP11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $5,305
LYNNCREEK 03SEP12 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0

2
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
G:11
reported in Noxubee County through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since 1978, totaling
over$15,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableG.6.It
additionalinstancesoffloodlossinNoxubeeCountywereeitheruninsured,deniedclaimspayment,or
notreported.
TABLEG.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Brooksville*
Macon 3 $6,243
Shuqualak 0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 8 $15,684
Source:FEMA,NFIP
AsofMay2013,therearenononmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedinNoxubeeCounty.Table
G.7presentsdetailedinformationonrepetitivelosspropertiesandNFIPclaimsandpoliciesforNoxubee
County.
TABLEG.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Brooksville* 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Macon 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Shuqualak 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY
TOTAL
0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Flood events will remain a threat in Noxubee County, and the probability of future occurrences will
properties that risk varies throughout the county. For example, the central portion and northeastern
FINAL April 2014
G:12
cornerofthecountyhasmorefloodplainandthusahigherriskoffloodthanotherpartsofthecounty.
Flood is not the greatest hazard of concern but will continue to occur and cause damage. Therefore,
G.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Noxubee County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concernforerosioninNoxubeeCountyareprimarilyriversandstreams.Generally,vegetationhelpsto
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in Noxubee County. This includes searching
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessforNoxubeeCounty,anditwillcontinueto
G.2.3 Dam Failure
According to the Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality, there are no high hazard dams in
NoxubeeCounty.
4

Nodambreacheswerereportedin NoxubeeCounty.However,severalbreachscenariosinthe county


4
FINAL April 2014
G:13
G.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Noxubee County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
WinterweatherhasresultedinonedisasterdeclarationsinNoxubeeCountyin1999.
5
Accordingtothe
NationalClimaticDataCenter,therehavebeenatotalofsixrecordedwinterstormeventsinNoxubee
Countysince1996(TableG.8).
6
Theseeventsresultedinalmost$1.1million(2013dollars)indamages.
DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableG.9.
7
TABLEG.8:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEG.9:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Brooksville
NoneReported
Macon
NoneReported
Shuqualak
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NOXUBEECOUNTY 01FEB96 ICESTORM 0/0 $160,911
NOXUBEECOUNTY 14DEC97 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $4,916
NOXUBEECOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $829,407
NOXUBEECOUNTY 21DEC00 ICESTORM 0/0 $1,958
NOXUBEECOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $86,989

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Noxubee County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
G:14
NOXUBEECOUNTY 07JAN10 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $2,185
There have been several severe winter weather events in Noxubee County. The text below describes
December1998
January2000
WinterstormeventswillcontinuetooccurinNoxubeeCounty.Accordingtohistoricalinformation,the
FIRERELATED HAZARDS

G.2.5 Drought
political boundaries. Furthermore, it is assumed that Noxubee County would be uniformly exposed to
ANNEX G: N
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
in twelve
classificat
the U.S.
drought s
majorityo
Abnor
There we
Center.
NOXUBEE COU
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
g to the U.S.
e of the las
tion for each
Drought Mon
severity. Fo
ofthecounty
TABLEG
rmallyDry
ere no report
UNTY
al Hazard Mit
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
Drought Mon
t thirteen y
year, accord
nitor also es
or example, t
mayactually
.10:HISTOR
ModerateDro
ted drought e
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source:U
tigation Plan
onstypicallyd
ions.
nitor, Noxube
years (20002
ding to U.S. D
stimates wha
the most sev
ybeinalesss
RICALDROU
ughtSeve
events for No
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
U.S.DroughtMon
donotcauses
ee County ha
2012). Tabl
Drought Mon
t percentage
vere classific
severecondit
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
oxubee Coun
Noxubee
EXCEPTIO
MODER
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
ABNOR
SEVE
EXCEPTIO
SEVE
ABNOR
SEVE
MODER
ABNOR
nitor
significantda
ad drought le
le G.10 show
itor classifica
e of the cou
cation report
tion.
RENCESINN
ExtremeDro
nty according
County
ONAL
RATE
MAL
NE
MAL
MAL
RE
ONAL
RE
MAL
RE
RATE
MAL
amagetothe
vels (includin
ws the mos
ations. It sho
nty is in eac
ed may be
NOXUBEECOU
oughtExc
g to the Natio
builtenviron
ng abnormally
st severe dro
ould be noted
ch classificati
exceptional
UNTY
eptionalDrough
onal Climatic
G:15
nment
y dry)
ought
d that
on of
but a
ht
c Data
FINAL April 2014
G:16
HeatWave
county.
lastedfromAugust5
th
tothe16
th
.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatNoxubeeCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofNoxubeeCountyhasaprobability
G.2.6 Wildfire
FigureG.6showstheFireOccurrenceAreas(FOA)inNoxubeeCountybasedondatafromtheSouthern

FINAL April 2014
G:17
FIGUREG.6:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Noxubee County
experiences an average of 8 wildfires annually which burn an average of 145 acres per year. The data
indicatesthatmostofthesefiresaresmall,averaging18acresperfire.TableG.11providesasummary
of wildfire occurrences in Noxubee County and Table G.12 lists the number of reported wildfire
TABLEG.11:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Noxubee
County

FINAL April 2014
G:18
TABLEG.12:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
NoxubeeCounty
Numberof
Fires
4 8 5 13 12 18 12 2 3 5
Numberof
Acres
Burned
96 91 45 34 725 165 210 29 39 18
WildfireeventswillbeanongoingoccurrenceinNoxubeeCounty.Thelikelihoodofwildfiresincreases
probabilityassignedtoNoxubeeCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

G.2.7 Earthquake
FigureG.7showstheintensitylevelassociatedwithNoxubeeCounty,basedonthenationalUSGSmap
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Noxubee

FINAL April 2014
G:19
FIGUREG.7:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
No earthquakes are known to have affected Noxubee County since 1638. Table G.13 provides a
1985.
8
TABLEG.13:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Brooksville 0
Macon 0
Shuqualak 0
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 0

8
FINAL April 2014
G:20
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Noxubee County is unlikely.
G.2.8 Landslide
steepslopes.LandslidesarepossiblethroughoutNoxubeeCountybutthereisaverylowincidencerate
According to Figure G.8 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that

FINAL April 2014
G:21
FIGUREG.8:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFNOXUBEECOUNTY
Source:USGS
There is no extensive history of landslides in Noxubee County. Landslide events typically occur in
isolatedareas.

FINAL April 2014
G:22
events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Noxubee
ofoccurrence.ItshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasinNoxubeeCountyhavegreaterriskthanothers
G.2.9 Expansive Soils
DuetotheamountofclaymineralspresentinNoxubeeCounty,expansivesoilspresentathreattothe
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureG.9.Theareasinblueare
FIGUREG.9:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS
FINAL April 2014
G:23
There is no historical record of significant expansive soil events in Noxubee County. However,
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

G.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Noxubee County. All areas in Noxubee County are
According to the National Hurricane Centers historical storm track records total of 33 hurricanes have
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 1 category 2 hurricane, 4 category 1
hurricanes,and28tropicalstormsasshowninFigureG.10.
9
Atotaloffivetrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrength
atthetimetheytraversedthecountyexceptHurricaneFrederic,whichpassedthroughthecountyasa
category 1 storm. Table G.14 provides the detail for each storm that passed through the county
including date of occurrence, name (if applicable), maximum wind speed (as recorded when traversing
thecounty)andcategoryofthestormbasedontheSaffirSimpsonScale.

9
FINAL April 2014
G:24
FIGUREG.10:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFNOXUBEECOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
G:25
TABLEG.14:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFNOXUBEECOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
9/13/1979 FREDERIC 75 Category1
Federalrecordsindicatethatdisasterdeclarationsweremadein2004(HurricaneIvan),2005(Hurricane
Katrinaand2012(HurricaneIsaac).
10
Hurricaneandtropicalstormeventscancausesubstantialdamage
intheareaduetohighwindsandflooding.
Arleneliftednorth.

10
FINAL April 2014
G:26
The probability of being impacted is less than coastal areas, but still remains a real threat to Noxubee
area.
G.2.11 Thunderstorm
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Noxubee County typically experiences several
assumed that Noxubee County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumedthatNoxubeeCountyisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,allareasofthe
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofNoxubeeCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.

FINAL April 2014
G:27
SeverestormsresultedinfourdisasterdeclarationsinNoxubeeCountyin1979,1992,2001,and2002.
11
According to NCDC, there have been 111 reported thunderstorm and high wind events since 1957 in
Noxubee County.
12
These events caused over $2.4 million (2013 dollars) in damages. There were also
reports of two injuries. Table G.15 summarizes this information. Table G.16 presents detailed
event.
13
TABLEG.15:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Brooksville 21 0/2 $1,268,559
Macon 28 0/0 $358,692
Shuqualak 16 0/0 $102,464
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 111 0/2 $2,469,607
TABLEG.16:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Brooksville
BROOKSVILLE 07NOV96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $8,046
BROOKSVILLE 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,730
BROOKSVILLE 09MAY98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,647
BROOKSVILLE 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,406
BROOKSVILLE 10AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,937
BROOKSVILLE 13JUL03 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $24,190
BROOKSVILLE 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 75kts. 0/2 $44,337
BROOKSVILLE 30APR05 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $253,354
BROOKSVILLE 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 57kts. 0/0 $245,975
BROOKSVILLE 12FEB08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BROOKSVILLE 24MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $23,185
BROOKSVILLE 24MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $579,637
BROOKSVILLE 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $13,911
BROOKSVILLE 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BROOKSVILLE 05JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 56kts. 0/0 $0

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Noxubee County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
G:28
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
BROOKSVILLE 15JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BROOKSVILLE 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $1,061
BROOKSVILLE 03JUL11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,305
BROOKSVILLE 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 54kts. 0/0 $8,240
Macon
Macon 23SEP93 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,745
Macon 11NOV95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $3,314
MACON 22APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $32,182
MACON 07JUL96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $8,046
MACON 07NOV96 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
MACON 27JAN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,719
MACON 22JAN99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,126
MACON 13FEB00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,343
MACON 03APR00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $17,622
MACON 10AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $5,874
MACON 12MAR01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,277
MACON 31MAY01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,277
MACON 03AUG02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,384
MACON 10NOV02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $5,537
MACON 02JUN03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $26,878
MACON 01MAY04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,914
MACON 27JUN04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
MACON 12SEP04 TSTMWIND 43kts. 0/0 $120
MACON 21OCT04 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $1,305
MACON 13MAR05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
MACON 06APR05 TSTMWIND 63kts. 0/0 $0
MACON 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $147,585
MACON 21AUG06 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Shuqualak
SHUQUALAK 14JUN00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,937
SHUQUALAK 31MAY01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,852
SHUQUALAK 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
SHUQUALAK 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
SHUQUALAK 08APR02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,384
SHUQUALAK 25AUG02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,461
SHUQUALAK 18NOV03 TSTMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $13,439
SHUQUALAK 22JUL06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $18,448
SHUQUALAK 03MAY07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,970
SHUQUALAK 20JUL07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $23,881
FINAL April 2014
G:29
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
SHUQUALAK 18OCT07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 12FEB08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 03MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $5,628
SHUQUALAK 11APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
NOXUBEECOUNTY 21JUN57 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 28APR63 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 20MAR76 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 06MAY76 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 26FEB77 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 15MAY83 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 12JUL84 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 01AUG85 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 01AUG85 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 14JUN89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 08NOV89 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 03FEB90 TSTMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 02JUL90 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 27MAR94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
LynnCreek 26JUL95
THUNDERSTORMWINDS
HAIL 1kts. 0/0 $4,972
PRAIRIEPT 31MAY01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
PRAIRIEPT 13MAR05 TSTMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $63,339
PAULETTE 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
MASHULAVILLE 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $12,299
MACONMUNI
ARPT 10JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $162,298
PRAIRIEPT 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 57kts. 0/0 $0
HOGEYECOMM 27FEB09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,251
MACONMUNI
ARPT 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 12APR09 HIGHWIND 50kts. 0/0 $16,883
MASHULAVILLE 06MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $168,826
MASHULAVILLE 06MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $168,826
MCLEOD 05JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
DEERBROOK 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $1,126
MASHULAVILLE 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $1,126
PRAIRIEPT 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,126
MACONMUNI
ARPT 19JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
MACONMUNI
ARPT 04AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
G:30
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
BIGBEEVLY 14AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BIGBEEVLY 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
MACONMUNI
MACONMUNI
PAULETTE 11APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
MACONMUNI
MCLEOD 04JUL11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,183
BIGBEEVLY 10AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,122
MACONMUNI
ARPT 03SEP12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $30,900
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 78 recorded hailstorm events have affected Noxubee
County since 1970.
14
Table G.17 is a summary of the hail events in Noxubee County. Table G.18
resulted in approximately $275,000 (2013 dollars) in property damages. Hail ranged in diameter from
0.75 inches to 2.5 inches. It should be noted that hail is notorious for causing substantial damage to
cars,roofs,andotherareasofthebuiltenvironmentthatmaynotbereportedtotheNationalClimatic
DataCenter.Therefore,itislikelythatdamagesaregreaterthanthereportedvalue.
TABLEG.17:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Macon 14 0/0 $2,649
Shuqualak 9 0/0 $3,529
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 72 0/0 $275,475
TABLEG.18:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Brooksville
BROOKSVILLE 31MAR01 1.75in. 0/0 $14,258
BROOKSVILLE 04APR01 0.75in. 0/0 $0
BROOKSVILLE 15MAR08 0.88in. 0/0 $0

14
hail events have affected Noxubee County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
G:31
BROOKSVILLE 07OCT08 0.88in. 0/0 $0
Macon
Macon 11FEB93 0.88in. 0/0 $0
Macon 27MAR94 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Macon 27JAN95 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Macon 26JUL95 1.00in. 0/0 $0
MACON 12DEC96 1.00in. 0/0 $0
MACON 19MAR98 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MACON 22JAN99 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MACON 20JUL00 0.88in. 0/0 $0
MACON 02JUN01 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MACON 04APR01 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MACON 24APR03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
MACON 07APR04 1.75in. 0/0 $1,305
MACON 13MAR05 1.00in. 0/0 $0
MACON 22MAR05 0.88in. 0/0 $0
Shuqualak
SHUQUALAK 24JAN97 0.75in. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 02JUN01 0.88in. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 06APR03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
SHUQUALAK 19JUL06 0.75in. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 01MAR07 1.00in. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 12FEB08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 12MAR10 1.75in. 0/0 $2,185
SHUQUALAK 12MAR10 1.00in. 0/0 $0
SHUQUALAK 16JUN11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
NOXUBEECOUNTY 04JUN70 1.00 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 17FEB86 0.75 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 12MAR88 0.75 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 22MAY88 0.75 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 09APR91 0.75 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY 17MAY91 0.75 0/0 $0
NewHope 27MAR94 0.75 0/0 $0
CLIFTONVILLE 03MAY03 0.75 0/0 $1,344
MASHULAVILLE 13MAR05 1.00 0/0 $0
MASHULAVILLE 22MAR05 1.00 0/0 $0
PAULETTE 30MAR05 1.00 0/0 $0
GHOLSON 22APR05 2.50 0/0 $190,016
PRAIRIEPT 04DEC05 0.88 0/0 $0
MASHULAVILLE 03APR06 1.75 0/0 $61,494
PAULETTE 24JUN06 0.75 0/0 $0
PRAIRIEPT 01MAR07 0.75 0/0 $0
MASHULAVILLE 27AUG07 1.00 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
G:32
MASHULAVILLE 10JAN08 0.75 0/0 $0
MACONMUNIARPT 10JAN08 2.00 0/0 $0
HOGEYECOMM 06FEB08 0.75 0/0 $0
MASHULAVILLE 12FEB08 0.88 0/0 $0
MACONMUNIARPT 24MAY08 0.75 0/0 $0
MACONMUNIARPT 01JUN08 0.88 0/0 $0
BIGBEEVLY 01JUN08 0.75 0/0 $0
PRAIRIEPT 02AUG08 0.75 0/0 $0
MACONMUNIARPT 27FEB09 1.00 0/0 $0
DINSMORE 13APR09 0.75 0/0 $0
PAULETTE 12MAY09 1.00 0/0 $0
TOGO 16MAY09 0.75 0/0 $0
LYNNCREEK 05JUL09 0.75 0/0 $0
LYNNCREEK 05JUL09 0.75 0/0 $0
MCLEOD 11AUG09 0.75 0/0 $0
MACONMUNIARPT 12MAR10 1.00 0/0 $0
DEERBROOK 12MAR10 1.50 0/0 $2,185
AUBREY 24APR10 1.00 0/0 $0
MCLEOD 24APR10 1.00 0/0 $0
LYNNCREEK 24APR10 1.50 0/0 $0
DEERBROOK 15JUN10 1.00 0/0 $0
MASHULAVILLE 19JUN10 1.00 0/0 $0
MASHULAVILLE 20APR11 1.25 0/0 $0
PRAIRIEPT 08JUN11 1.00 0/0 $0
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been no recorded lightning events in
Noxubee County since 1950, as listed in summary Table G.19.
15
However, it is likely that lightning
events have in fact impacted the county. Manyofthereported eventsarethosethatcauseddamage,
anditshouldbeexpectedthatdamagesarelikelymuchhigherforthishazardthanwhatisreported.
TABLEG.19:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Macon 0 0/0 $0
Shuqualak 0 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 0 0/0 $0

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Noxubee County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
FINAL April 2014
G:33
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Noxubee County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
Lightning
Although there were no historical lightning events reported in Noxubee County via NCDC data, it is a
regularoccurrenceaccompaniedbythunderstorms.Infact,lightningeventswillassuredlyhappenonan
annual basis, though not all events will cause damage. According to Vaisalas U.S. National Lightning
Detection Network (NLDN
), Noxubee County is located in an area of the country that experienced an

average of 6 to 8 lightning flashes per square kilometer per year between 1997 and 2010. Therefore,
theprobabilityoffutureeventsishighlylikely(100percentannualprobability).Itcanbeexpectedthat
futurelightningeventswillcontinuetothreatenlifeandcauseminorpropertydamagesthroughoutthe
county.
G.2.12 Tornado
TornadoesoccurthroughoutthestateofMississippi,andthusinNoxubeeCounty.Tornadoestypically
Therefore,itisassumedthatNoxubeeCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in four disaster declarations in Noxubee County in 1979, 1992, 2001, and 2002.
16
inNoxubeeCountysince1953(TableG.20),resultinginalmost$13.3million(2013dollars)inproperty
damages.
17
In addition, 3 fatalities and 48 injuries were reported. The magnitude of these tornadoes
ranges from F0 to F3 in intensity, although an F5 event is possible. Detailed information on historic
tornadoeventscanbefoundinTableG.21.

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Noxubee County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
G:34
TABLEG.20:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Macon 3 0/0 $638,943
Shuqualak 2 0/0 $23,881
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 31 3/48 $13,282,653
TABLEG.21:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Brooksville
BROOKSVILLE 10NOV02 F1 0/0 $20,764
County,almost8milesnortheastofLouisville.
Itmovedabout8milesacrossextreme
northwesternNoxubeeCountybeforeexiting
thecounty7milesnorthwestofBrooksville
around7:41PM.Asthetornadomoved
throughruralareasofNoxubeeCounty,it
destroyednumeroustrees.
BROOKSVILLE 25SEP05 F0 0/0 $0
Spotterswitnessedatornadobrieflytouching
downandmovingacrossafieldjustnorthwest
ofBrooksville.
BROOKSVILLE 27APR11 F1 0/0 $265,225
Thistornadodownednumeroustreesalongits
pathandknockedagrainbinoveronafarm.
Minorroofdamagewasnotedtoacoupleof
farmbuildingsandahome.Maximumwinds
werearound95mph.Totalpathlengthacross
NoxubeeandLowndesCountieswas6miles.
Macon
MACON 24NOV01 F1 0/0 $507,340
Thisweaktornadotoucheddownaboutfour
milesnortheastofMaconandmoved
northeastacrossthecounty.Thestorm
travelledeightmilesanddissipatedabout12
milesnortheastofMacon.Themaximumwidth
ofthetornadopathwas50yards.Thetornado
significantlydamagedelevenbarns.Three
shedsweredestroyed.Threehousessustained
minorroofdamage.One75footgrainsilowas
damaged.Asmallairplanehangerwas
destroyed.Aplaneinsideofthehanger
sustainedsignificantdamage.Twocattle
trailerswereturnedover,alongwithafarm
tractorwithitswindowsblownout.Numerous
treeswereeithertwistedorsnappedoffabout
fourtofivefeetabovethegroundalongthe
edgesoffields.
FINAL April 2014
G:35
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
MACON 24NOV04 F1 0/0 $130,477
Thistornadotoucheddowninanopenfield5
milesnortheastofMaconandtrackedeast
northeastfor5miles.Thistornadosnapped
anddownednumeroustreesontheedgesof
severalfields.OnDeerbrookLaneagrainsilo
wasdentedandhadtherooftornoff.Several
powerlineswerealsoblowndownhere.The
tornadocontinuedtothenortheastand
dissipatedinanopenfield10milesnortheast
ofMacon.
MACON 27FEB09 F0 0/0 $1,126
Asupercellthunderstormcausedabrief
tornadonearPrairiePointwhichtoucheddown
alongStokeWilliamsroad.Sixtoeighttrees
alongatreelineweredamaged.Afewtrees
hadthetopstwistedoffandothertreeswere
snappedordownedinaconcentratedarea.
Maxwindswerearound73mph.
Shuqualak
SHUQUALAK 05JAN07 F1 0/0 $23,881
Thistornadodownednumerouslargetreesand
afewpowerlinesalongitspath.Onehome
sufferedminorroofdamageasitwaslocated
ontheedgeofthepath.
SHUQUALAK 18OCT07 F0 0/0 $0
ThistornadotoucheddownalongHighway39
justsouthoftheKemper/Noxubeecountyline.
Hereseveralbranchesandtreedebriswas
blownacrosstheroad.Justtothenortheast,
severallargepinetreesweresnappedand
uprootedandblownacrossaroad.The
tornadocontinuedtothenortheast,justinto
Noxubeecountywhereseveralmoretrees
wereblowndown.Totalpathlengthwas3
milesacrossbothcounties.
UnincorporatedArea
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 04MAY53 F2 0/2 $236,634
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 29DEC54 F2 0/0 $0
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 28JUN57 F3 1/10 $2,247,360
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 08NOV57 F1 0/1 $2,247,360
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 17NOV57 F2 2/2 $2,247,360
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 26NOV73 F2 0/0 $14,215
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 20MAR76 F1 0/0 $111,126
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 18MAR86 F1 0/0 $57,633
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 29MAR89 F1 0/0 $509,212
FINAL April 2014
G:36
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 20NOV91 F1 0/15 $463,453
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 22NOV92 F2 0/0 $449,975
NOXUBEE
COUNTY 22NOV92 F2 0/15 $449,975
MASHULAVILLE 24NOV04 F1 0/0 $130,477
ThistornadomovedintoNoxubeecountyfrom
Winstoncountyandtrackednortheastfor8
milesbeforedissipating3milessoutheastof
Mashulaville.Thistornadomainlymoved
acrossheavilyforestedareasofNoxubee
countyanddownedseveralhundredtrees.As
itcrossedsomecountyroadsafewhomes
sustainedminorroofdamageandafewsheds
wereblownover.Thetotalpathlengthacross
northernNeshoba,southeastWinstonand
westernNoxubeecountywas21miles.
MASHULAVILLE 24NOV04 F1 0/0 $91,334
Thistornadotoucheddown1milesouthof
wheretheNeshoba,Winston,Noxubee21mile
tracktornadoended.Thefirsthalfofthetrack
remainedinapineforestbeforemovingout
andacrossopenfarmland.Inthepineforest,a
fewhundredtreesweresnappedand
uprooted.Acrosstheopenfarmland,
numeroustreeswereblowndownalongwitha
fewpowerlines.Thetornadodissipated3
milessouthwestofMacon.
MACONMUNI
ARPT 10JAN08 F1 0/0 $34,778
Thistornadobrieflytoucheddowninanopen
fieldjustwestofDeerbrookRoad.Itcrossed
DeerbrookRoadandtookdown5powerpoles.
Twoweresnappedandtheothersdowned
fromthe2thatweresnapped.
HOGEYE
COMM 10JAN08 F0 0/0 $0
Thisweaktornadobrieflytoucheddownalong
HummerLoop.Afewtreeshadthetopsblown
offalongwithnumerouslimbssnappedand
downalongthepath.
PAULETTE 06FEB08 F0 0/0 $0
Thisweaktornadobrieflytoucheddownnear
thePauletteCommunity.Anarrowpathof
mainlysmalltreesweresnappedalongwith
limbsdown.Maximumwindswerearound75
mph.
LYNNCREEK 06MAY09 F1 0/2 $337,653
Thistornadotoucheddownwestof
Brooksville.Numeroushardwoodand
softwoodtreesweresnappedanduprooted
alongthepath.Anabandonedchurchwas
pushedoffitsblocks.Severalhuntingcamp
cabinsweredamagedandatractortrailerwas
turnedoverwithonlyoneminorinjury.Afew
homesweredamagedwhentreesfellonthem.
Maximumwindswiththistornadowere100
mph.
FINAL April 2014
G:37
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
MCLEOD 01JAN11 F3 0/1 $1,591,350
Initialdamagewasnumeroussnappedhard
andsoftwoodtreesalongE.SpannRoad.The
tornadomovednortheastandcaused
significantdamagetoadairyfarmonPaulette
Road.Numerousbuildingsweredestroyed
includingabarn,amilkhouse,asilo,anda
mobilehome.Thetornadoalsouprootedlarge
treesandsnappedseveralpowerpoles.A
horsetrailertumbledforapproximately100
yards.Debriswasscatteredapproximatelyone
miletothenortheast.Thetornadocontinued
onanddestroyedametalfarmbuildingandan
officeoffofStanTaborRoadandalsopushed
an18wheelerapproximately25yards.The
secondstoryofahomewasdestroyedalong
withametalbuildingjustoffofHwy14.
Numeroustreesweresnappedatthislocation
withonetreebeingcompletely
debarked.||Thetornadocontinuedonand
destroyedsomemetalbuildingsatapigfarm
andalsooverturnedapivot.Abarnwas
destroyedalongwithroofdamagetoahome
alongStokeWilliamsRoad.Thetornadoended
nearKoehnRoadwhereafewtreeswere
snapped.ThetornadowasratedEF3basedon
thedamagetothedairyfarmandthemetal
buildingoffofStanTaborRoad.Theremainder
ofthedamagewasgenerallyEF1innature.
GHOLSON 01JAN11 F2 0/0 $212,180
ThetornadobegannearKellisStoreRoad
whereseveralsoftandhardwoodtreeswere
snappedanduprooted.Thetornadocontinued
northeasttoWeaverSciplesMillRoadwhereit
tooktheroofoffofahomealongwithacouple
ofloadbearingwalls.Numeroushardwoodand
softwoodtreeswerealsosnappedatthis
location.Acrossthestreet,aportionofaroof
wastakenoffandashedwasalsodestroyed.
Thetornadocontinuednortheastandcrossed
intoNoxubeeCountywhereitcaused
significantdamagealongGholsonRoad.One
homesustainedroofdamageandwindows
wereblownout.Inaddition,numerous
hardwoodandsoftwoodtreesweresnapped.
Twooutbuildingswerealsodestroyedatthis
location.Acrossthestreet,awellbuiltgarage
wasdestroyedalongwithsignificantdamageto
acoupleofotheroutbuildings.Treeswere
blowndownandashopwasdamagedalong
GholsonRoad.Maximumwindswerearound
125mph.Totalpathlengthacrossboth
KemperandNoxubeeCountieswas6miles.
FINAL April 2014
G:38
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
MACONMUNI
ARPT 27APR11 F1 0/0 $212,180
ThistornadotoucheddownoffMacedonia
CemeteryRoadanddownedacoupleoftrees
andsnappedsomelimbsoffothers.Itthen
movedacrossanopenfieldandturnedoveran
irrigationpivotsystem.Thetornadothen
crossedBuggsFerryRoadandtoredowna
smallgrainbinanddownedseveraltrees.It
thenremainedovermostlyopenfields,but
continuedtodownandsnapafewisolated
trees.Severalofthesefieldshadyoungcorn
growing,andtheleavesofthecornplantswere
shreddedinvicinityofthetornado'spath.
Anotherirrigationsystemwasturnedoveroff
BuggsFerryRoad.WestofDeerbrookRoad,a
tallgrainsilowasdamaged.Justbeforethe
tornadocrossedDeerbrook,afarmwas
damaged.Twolargeemptygrainbinswere
destroyedalongwithdamagetoafewsmaller
bins.Fourmetalshedssustainedminor
damagetothedoorsandroof.Aradiotower
onthefarmcollapsedandafewtreeswere
snapped.Thetornadocontinuednortheastand
crossedHighway388attheintersectionof
Highway792anddownedseveralmoretrees
beforedissipatingnorthofHighway388.
Maximumsustainedwindswereestimatedat
110mph.
FINAL April 2014
G:39
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
GHOLSON 27APR11 F3 0/0 $424,360
Thistornadocausedapathofextensive
damageinnortheastNeshoba,extreme
northwestKemper,extremesoutheast
Winston,andsouthwestNoxubeeCounties.
Themostintensedamageoccurredinaseveral
mileareafromextremenortheastNeshoba
CountyintoextremesoutheastWinston
County.Muchofthedamageinthecoreofthe
tornadointhisareawasratedashighendEF3
toEF5.Thethreefatalitiesoccurredin
northwestKemperCountywhenastrapped
downdoublewidemobilehomewasthrowna
distanceofapproximately300yardsintoa
treeline,andthenobliteratedwiththedebris
andframingscatteredmanyhundredsofyards
downthepath.Therewasnoindicationof
groundimpactsbetweentheoriginalsiteofthe
mobilehomeandwhereitendedupto
indicatethatthemobilehomebounced
extensivelyasittraveled.Twotraditional
framebrickhomesinsoutheastWinston
Countywerecompletelyleveledwithonlya
fewsmallpartsofinteriorwallsstanding.New
vehicleswerethrownorrolledhundredsof
yardsbeforebeingwrappedintotreesandleft
almostbeyondrecognition.Inpartsof
northeastNeshobaandnorthwestKemper
Counties,therewasveryhighendtreedamage
withextensivedenudinganddebarkingof
trees,alongwithareaswherethegroundwas
scouredouttoadepthoftwofeetinplaces,
andasphaltwasscouredoffpavement.
Maximumsustainedwindswereestimatedat
205mph.Totalpathlengthwas29miles.||This
wasthefirstEF5tornadoinMississippisince
theCandlestickParktornadoonMay3,1966.
Additionally,thiswasthefirsttimesince
statisticshavebeenkeptthattwoEF5
tornadoeshavebeenrecordedonthesame
dayinMississippi,withthetornadoin
SmithvillealsoratedasanEF5.
FINAL April 2014
G:40
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
GALYX 27APR11 F2 0/0 $265,225
ThistornadotoucheddownintheWahalak
CommunitynearHwy45inKemperCounty,it
thentrackintoNoxubeeCountyintheJenkins
QuartersareaandmovedacrossFieldRd
beforemovingintotheNoxubeeRiverbottom.
Treesweresnappedinthisarea.Thetornado
emergedfromtheriverbottomalongPaulette
RdintheCooksvilleCommunity.HereEF2
intensitywasobservedashundredsoftrees
seresnappedanduprootedalongwithpartof
therooftakenoffachurchandwindowsblown
outofahouse.Powerlinesweredownaswell
inthisarea.Thetornadothencrossed
CooksvilleRdandcontinuedtocauseextensive
treedamagealongwithmanypowerlines
blowndown.Afewhomesinthisareasuffered
minordamageaswell.Thetornadothen
crossedintoAL,inthefarsouthwestpartof
PickensCounty,asanEF2,andtrackedtothe
Dancy,ALCommunityalongHwy17.The
tornadoweakenedinDancy,butstillwasquite
wideanddowningtrees/limbsalongdamaging
aoldshed.Maximumwindswerearound125
mph.ThepathlengthacrossMSwas12.5
miles.ThetotalpathlengthacrossMS/ALwas
34.5miles.
states of Alabama and Mississippi. During this outbreak, one F3, one F2, and two F1 tornadoes were
reported in Noxubee County on April 27, 2011. These tornadoes resulted in over $1.1 million (2013
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Noxubee County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Noxubee County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
G.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
NoxubeeCountyhasfourTRIsites.ThesesitesareshowninFigureG.11.

FINAL April 2014
G:41
FIGUREG.11:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Source:EPA

FINAL April 2014
G:42
Therehavebeenatotalof10recordedHAZMATincidentsinNoxubeeCountysince1972(TableG.22).
TableG.23presentsdetailedinformationonhistoricHAZMATincidentsinNoxubeeCountyasreported
(PHMSA).
TABLEG.22:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Macon 7 0/0 $0
Shuqualak 1 0/0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 10 0/0 $0
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEG.23:HAZMATINCIDENTSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Brooksville
I1995090077 8/26/1995 BROOKSVILLE Highway No 0/0 $0 15LGA
Macon
I2002080780 8/5/2002 MACON Highway No 0/0 $0 3LGA
I1996050223 4/22/1996 MACON Highway No 0/0 $0 2SLB
I1973010077 12/29/1972 MACON Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I2002080783 7/17/2002 MACON Highway No 0/0 $0 0.25LGA
I1977060254 5/21/1977 MACON Highway Yes 0/0 $0 1,592LGA
I1977060254 5/21/1977 MACON Highway Yes 0/0 $0 2,497LGA
I1999040710 3/18/1999 MACON Highway No 0/0 $0 76LGA
Shuqualak
I1975070752 7/17/1975 SHUQUALAK Highway No 0/0 $0 0
UnincorporatedArea
I1989120233 11/20/1989 MASHULAVILLE Highway No 0/0 $0 25LGA
Source:USDOTPHMSA
GiventhelocationoffourtoxicreleaseinventorysitesinNoxubeeCountyandseveralroadwayandrail

FINAL April 2014
G:43
Although there are just four TRI sites and a limited record of previous events in the county, hazardous
G.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.NoxubeeCountychosetoanalyze
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th

18
FINAL April 2014
G:44
State,"onOctober4
th
widelyrecorded.
19
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatNoxubeeCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof


19
FINAL April 2014
G:45
G.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk
HAZARDEXTENT
TableG.24describestheextentofeachnaturalhazardidentifiedforNoxubeeCounty.Theextentofa
TABLEG.24:EXTENTOFNOXUBEECOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor20.2percentofthetotallandareainNoxubeeCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheNoxubeeRiveratMaconin1979.Water
wasrecordedat38.97feet.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinNoxubeeCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).NodamsareclassifiedashighhazardinNoxubee
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinNoxubee
inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.NoxubeeCountyhasreceived
NoxubeeCounty.However,thehighestrecordedtemperatureinJackson
FINAL April 2014
G:46
Wildfire
occurinNoxubeeCountyinanyyearwas18in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromNoxubeeCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
GeophysicalDataCenter,norecordedearthquakeshavebeenlocatedinthe
county.However,USGSdatashowsNoxubeeCountylieswithinanapproximate
zoneoflevel3to4groundacceleration.Thisindicatesthatthecountyexists
withinanareaofmoderateseismicrisk.
Landslide
inNoxubeeCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinNoxubeeCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
percentofthesoilsNoxubeeCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughNoxubeeCountywasaCategory1storm
(HurricaneFrederic)whichcarriedtropicalforcewindsof75milesperhourupon
arrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinNoxubeeCountywasreportedon
January13,2005at75knots(approximately86mph).Itshouldbenotedthat
reportedinNoxubeeCountywas2.5inches(reportedonApril22,2005).It
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),NoxubeeCountyis
figures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedwasanF3(lastreportedonApril27,
2011).
FINAL April 2014
G:47
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis2,497LGAreleasedonthehighwayinMacon.Itshouldbenotedthat
largereventsarepossible.
Pandemic
life.
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskforNoxubeeCounty,theresults
Section5.16.2.
Table G.25 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEG.25:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORNOXUBEECOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
WindrelatedHazards
FINAL April 2014
G:48
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
G.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Noxubee County, including the PRI results
identified hazard according to three categories: High Risk, Moderate Risk, and Low Risk (Table G.26).
impact that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all ofNoxubee County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionG.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
TABLEG.26:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORNOXUBEECOUNTY
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
G:49
G.3 NOXUBEE COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Noxubee County to the significant hazards
G.3.1 Asset Inventory
Table G.27 lists the number of parcels and the total assessed value of improvements for Noxubee
Countyanditsparticipatingjurisdictions(studyareaofvulnerabilityassessment).
20
TABLEG.27:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINNOXUBEECOUNTY
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Brooksville 648 $21,632,370
Macon 1,559 $66,025,550
Shuqualak 377 $10,139,880
UnincorporatedArea 7,991 $227751,780
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 10,575 $325,549,580
Table G.28 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinNoxubeeCounty.Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecriticalfacilitiesfor
thecountyandthisdatawasupdatedtoreflectcurrentconditions.Inaddition,FigureG.12showsthe
locations of essential facilities in Noxubee County. Table G.42, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLEG.28:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Brooksville 0 0 0 0 1
Macon 1 2 1 0 4
Shuqualak 0 0 0 0 0
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 1 2 1 0 5
Source:HazusMH

20
FINAL April 2014
G:50
FIGUREG.12:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
G.3.2 Social Vulnerability
andassessthoseparticularsegmentsoftheresidentpopulationinNoxubeeCountythatarepotentially

FINAL April 2014
G:51
Table G.29 lists the population by jurisdiction according to U.S. Census 2010 population estimates.
Unfortunately,estimateswerenotavailableatthecensusblocklevel,limitedtheresultstocountywide
estimates. The total population in Noxubee County according to Census data is 11,545 persons.
AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionG.1.
TABLEG.29:TOTALPOPULATIONINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Brooksville 1,223
Macon 2,768
Shuqualak 501
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 11,545
Inaddition,FigureG.13illustratesthepopulationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
21

21

FINAL April 2014
G:52
FIGUREG.13:POPULATIONDENSITYINNOXUBEECOUNTY
G.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Noxubee County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
TableG.30.
FINAL April 2014
G:53
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableG.41.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Noxubee County is susceptible to flood events. A total of 12 flood
eventshave beenreportedbythe NationalClimaticDataCenterresultingin$679,186(2013dollars)in
damages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$73,636forNoxubeeCounty.
belocatedwithinanidentifiedfloodplain.TableG.30presentsthepotentialatriskproperty.Boththe
TABLEG.30:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Brooksville 16 $2,598,530 0 $0 12.0%
Macon 199 $5,781,630 0 $0 8.8%
Shuqualak 13 $74,040 0 $0 0.7%
UnincorporatedArea 2,273 $79,207,590 1 $22,140 34.8%
NOXUBEECOUNTY
TOTAL
2,501 $87,661,790 1 $22,140 26.9%
Source:FEMADFIRM
SocialVulnerability
Since 2010 population was available at the tract level, it was difficult to determine a reliable figure on
populationatrisktofloodduetotractlevelpopulationdata.FigureG.14ispresentedtogainabetter

FINAL April 2014
G:54
FIGUREG.14:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisrevealedthatthereareanocriticalfacilitieslocatedintheNoxubeeCounty
TableG.42attheendofthissection.
Noxubee County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
FINAL April 2014
G:55
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Noxubee County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are
Figure G.15 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Noxubee County has very
NoxubeeCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableG.31showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
G:56
FIGUREG.15:WILDFIRERISKAREASINNOXUBEECOUNTY
TABLEG.31:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
Levelof
FloodEvent
WildfireRisk
Brooksville 0 $0
Macon 0 $0
Shuqualak 0 $0
NOXUBEECOUNTY
TOTAL
0 $0
areas. While the jurisdictions report a fairly low level of concern, each should mindful that a wildfire

FINAL April 2014
G:57
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableG.42
facilities,andpopulationsinNoxubeeCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
approximately$831.4millionwhich includesbuildings,inventory,andcontentsthroughoutthecounty.
22
TableG.32summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEG.32:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
NoxubeeCounty $17,000 $831,389,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.

22
FINAL April 2014
G:58
populations in Noxubee County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
fromanearthquakeoccurrence.WhileNoxubeeCountymaynotexperiencealargeearthquake(there
arenoneonrecord),localizeddamageispossiblewithanoccurrence.Alistofspecificcriticalfacilities
andtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableG.42attheendofthissection.
Historical evidence indicates that Noxubee County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
stormhazard.Therehavebeenthreedisasterdeclarationsduetohurricanes(HurricanesIvan,Katrina,
andIsaac).Severaltrackshavecomenearortraversedthroughthecounty,asshownanddiscussedin
SectionG.2.10.
23
forthecountyasshownbelowinTableG.33.Only
TABLEG.33:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
NoxubeeCounty $65,000 $831,389,000 0.01%
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableG.34.
TABLEG.34:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
NoxubeeCounty $17,000 $831,389,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrossNoxubeeCounty,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeatrisk.Some

23
FINAL April 2014
G:59
TableG.42attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinNoxubeeCounty.
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceandexistingToxic ReleaseInventorysitesindicatethatNoxubeeCountyis
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforNoxubeeCounty.
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesinNoxubeeCounty,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysisasshown
in Figure G.16. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
impact people and buildings, were used for the GIS buffer analysis. Figure G.17 shows the areas used
for mobile toxic release buffer analysis. The results indicate the approximate number of parcels,
improvedvalue,asshowninTableG.35(fixedsites),TableG.36(mobileroadsites).
24

24
FINAL April 2014
G:60
FIGUREG.16:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEG.35:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Brooksville 103 $2,587,190 642 $21,500,850
Macon 23 $590,690 868 $39,802,930
Shuqualak 162 $4,622,370 377 $10,129,880
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 311 $10,285,660 2,617 $98,438,090

FINAL April 2014
G:61
FIGUREG.17:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINNOXUBEECOUNTY
TABLEG.36:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
(MOBILEANALYSISROAD)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Brooksville 766 $27,786,100 1,944 $64,897,110
Macon 83 $7,982,080 3,819 $160,726,490
Shuqualak 339 $9,084,660 1,131 $30,419,640
Brooksville 766 $27,786,100 1,944 $64,897,110
NOXUBEECOUNTYTOTAL 2,222 $79,354,530 10,704 $387,207,050

FINAL April 2014
G:62
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for fixed TRI sites revealed that there are six Noxubee County facilities
located in a HAZMAT risk zone. The primary impact zone includes just one facility and the remaining
facilities are in the secondary, 2,500 meter zone. A list of specificcritical facilities and their associated
riskcanbefoundinTableG.42attheendofthissection.
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Noxubee County revealed that there are 9
foundinTableG.42attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Noxubee County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at
Table G.37 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Noxubee County. Due to the
region.
TABLEG.37:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORNOXUBEECOUNTY
Event
Noxubee
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $73,636
Erosion Negligible
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
FINAL April 2014
G:63
Event
Noxubee
County
Earthquake $17,000
WindrelatedHazards
Hail $7,472
Tornado $288,788
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableG.38showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
G:64

FINAL April 2014
G:65
TABLEG.38:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINNOXUBEECOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
5
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
NOXUBEECOUNTY

BrooksvilleHighSchool School
MaconFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X
NoxubeeGeneralHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
MaconPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
NoxubeeCountySheriff'sOfc
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
NoxubeeCoVocTech School
NoxubeeCountyHighSchool School
BFLiddellMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
CentralAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X

25

FINAL April 2014
G:66
G.4 NOXUBEE COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection discusses the capability of Noxubee County to implement hazard mitigation activities.
G.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableG.39providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
underdevelopmentforNoxubeeCounty.Acheckmark()indicatesthatthegivenitem iscurrentlyin
MitigationPlan.
TABLEG.39:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
NOXUBEE
COUNTY

Brooksville
Macon
Shuqualak
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
NoxubeeCountyhaspreviouslyadoptedahazardmitigationplan.TheTownofBrooksville,theCityof
Macon,andtheTownofShuqualakwerealsoincludedinthisplan.

FINAL April 2014
G:67
NoxubeeCountymaintainsanemergencyoperationsplanthroughitsEmergencyManagementAgency.
TheTownofBrooksville,theCityofMacon,andtheTownofShuqualakareeachcoveredbythisplan.
GENERALPLANNING
NoxubeeCountyhasnotadopteda countycomprehensiveland useplan. However,theCityofMacon
adoptedacitycomprehensiveplanin1972.
ZoningOrdinance
NoxubeeCountydoesnothaveazoningordinanceinplace.However,theCityofMaconandtheTown
ofShuqualakhavezoningordinancesthatwereadoptedin1972and2008,respectively.
NoxubeeCountydoesnothaveasubdivisionordinanceinplace.However,theCityofMaconadopted
Noxubee County has not adopted a building code. However, the City of Macon and the Town of
Shuqualakhaveadoptedbuildingcodes.
Table G.40 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Noxubee
County.
TABLEG.40:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
NOXUBEECOUNTY 7/1/87 6/2/11 16 $2,881,800 5 $9,441
Brooksville*
Macon 1/1/86 6/2/11(M) 0 $0 3 $6,243
Shuqualak 6/2/11 6/2/11(M) 0 $0 0 $0
ordinance. Noxubee County, the City of Macon, and the Town of Shuqualak all participate in the NFIP
andhaveadoptedflooddamagepreventionordinances.

FINAL April 2014
G:68
G.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
TableG.41providesasummaryofthecapabilityassessmentresultsforNoxubeeCountywithregardto
TABLEG.41:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
NOXUBEECOUNTY
Brooksville
Macon
Shuqualak
G.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table G.42 provides a summary of the results for Noxubee County with regard to relevant fiscal

FINAL April 2014
G:69
TABLEG.42:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
NOXUBEE
COUNTY

Brooksville
Macon
Shuqualak
G.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Noxubee County is more
G.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table G.43 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology
TABLEG.43:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
NOXUBEECOUNTY 20 Moderate
Brooksville 9 Limited
Macon 24 Moderate
Shuqualak 21 Limited

FINAL April 2014
G:70
G.5 NOXUBEE COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforNoxubeeCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerable
G.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Noxubee County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableG.44.
TABLEG.44:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6
G.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
The mitigation actions proposed by Noxubee County, the Town of Brooksville, the City of Macon, and
theTownofShuqualakarelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
G:71
Noxubee County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
floods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCountycontinues
toparticipateinthe
NFIPandenforces
regulationsfoundin
theflooddamage
preventionordinance
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCountywill
continueto
participateinhazard
mitigationplanning
meetingsas
requested.
P3
andtheCountyBoardof
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shouldbereplacedand
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
G:72
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable

FINAL April 2014
G:73
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
exist.

FINAL April 2014
G:74
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
hyperthermia.

FINAL April 2014
G:75
Town of Brooksville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
floods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowndoesnot
yetparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTownwill
continueto
participateinhazard
mitigationplanning
meetings
P3
andtheCountyBoardof
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shouldbereplacedand
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.

FINAL April 2014
G:76
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable

FINAL April 2014
G:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
exist.

FINAL April 2014
G:78
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
hyperthermia.

FINAL April 2014
G:79
City of Macon Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
floods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCitycontinuesto
andenforcesthe
regulationsfoundin
theflooddamage
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheCitywillcontinue
toparticipatein
hazardmitigation
planningmeetingsas
requested.
P3
andtheCountyBoardof
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shouldbereplacedand
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
G:80
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP2
houseandpowerlines.
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable

FINAL April 2014
G:81
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
exist.

FINAL April 2014
G:82
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
hyperthermia.

FINAL April 2014
G:83
Town of Shuqualak Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
floods.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTowndoesnot
yetparticipateinthe
NFIP
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
TheTownwill
continueto
participateinhazard
mitigationplanning
meetingasrequested
P3
andtheCountyBoardof
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$40,000to
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shouldbereplacedand
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
25years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.

FINAL April 2014
G:84
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EmergencyServices
ES1
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
stoppers.
T,HU High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Budget
25%of
grants
awarded
CountyEMA,
County
Supervisors
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES3
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES4
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable
ES5
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing
Ongoingasfunding
becomesavailable

FINAL April 2014
G:85
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA1
theyencounter.
All High MEMA N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
exist.

FINAL April 2014
G:86
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
hyperthermia.

Annex H
Oktibbeha County
FINAL April 2014
H:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Oktibbeha County and its participating
H.1OktibbehaCountyCommunityProfile
H.2OktibbehaCountyRiskAssessment
H.3OktibbehaCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
H.4OktibbehaCountyCapabilityAssessment
H.5OktibbehaCountyMitigationStrategy
H.1 OKTIBBEHA COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

H.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Oktibbeha County is located in east central Mississippi. It comprises three municipalities, the Town of
Maben, the City of Starkville, and the Town of Sturgis, as well as several small unincorporated
communities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureH.1.
The county is primarily agriculturallybased with emphasis on timber, beef cattle, dairy products, hay,
andsoybeans.Thetotalareaofthecountyis462squaremiles,4squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
upper 60s. Winter temperatures range from highs in the mid to upper 50s to lows around 31F.
Averageannualrainfallisapproximately55inches,withthewettestmonthsbeingDecember,February,
April,andMay.
ANNEX H: OKTIBBEHA COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
H:2
FIGUREH.1:OKTIBBEHACOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
H.1.2 Population and Demographics
According to the 2010 Census, Oktibbeha County has a population of 47,671 people. The county has
seen over 11% growth between 2000 and 2010, and the population density is 104 people per square
mile.PopulationcountsfromtheUSCensusBureaufor1990,2000,and2010forthecountyandboth
oftheparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableH.1.
TABLEH.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFOROKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
OktibbehaCounty 38,375 42,902 47,671 11.1%
Maben 752 803 871 8.5%
Starkville 18,458 21,869 23,888 9.2%
Sturgis 198 206 254 23.3%

FINAL April 2014
H:3
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Oktibbeha County is 25.4 years. The racial
characteristics of the county are presented in Table H.2. Whites make up a slight majority of the
populationinthecounty,accountingforjustover59percentofthepopulation.
TABLEH.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
OktibbehaCounty 59.2% 36.6% 0.2% 4.0% 1.4%
Maben 37.4% 61.0% 0.6% 1.0% 1.1%
Starkville 59.6% 34.6% 0.2% 5.5% 1.8%
Sturgis 86.6% 12.2% 0.0% 1.2% 0.4%
H.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 20,947 housing units in Oktibbeha County, the majority of
presented in Table H.3. As shown in the table, Maben and Sturgis have slightly higher percentages of
TABLEH.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
OktibbehaCounty 17,344 20,947 1.6% $108,100
Maben 328 384 2.3% $73,300
Starkville 10,191 11,767 1.5% $126,500
Sturgis 92 133 3.8% $69,400
H.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Oktibbeha County, US Highway 82 provides access to the east and west passes through Starkville,
linking the county to neighboring Webster County and Lowndes County. State Highway 12, which
crosses north and south, also travels through Starkville and provides access to Winston County. State
Highway12runsinanortheasterlydirectionandconnectsSturgistoStarkville.
TheOktibbehaAirportandGeorgeM.BryanAirportprovidelimitedlocalserviceandregionalairtravel
connections are available through Golden Triangle Regional Airport in Lowndes County. The closest
internationalairportisJacksonEversInternational,approximately120milesawayfromthecounty.

FINAL April 2014
H:4
offeredatthistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Oktibbeha County is provided by the Tennessee Valley Authority and one local
distributors, Four County Electric Power Association (EPA). The City of Starkville Electric Department
alsoservesresidentsinStarkville.
WaterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheCityofStarkvilleandtheTownofSturgisaswell
asvarietyofliftstationsandruralwaterassociations.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Oktibbeha County.
There is one hospital located in Oktibbeha County. OCH Regional Medical center is a 96bed medical
surgicalhospitallocatedintheCityofStarkville.
Recreational opportunities in Oktibbeha County are available at the Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge,
John W. Starr Memorial Forest, TennesseeTombigbee Waterway, Moncrief Park, and numerous public
parks. Activities include hunting, fishing, boating, water skiing, swimming, bird watching, hiking, and
golfing.
H.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Oktibbeha County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
H.1.6 Employment and Industry
According to the Mississippi Employment Security Commission, in 2012, Oktibbeha County had an
(compared to 9.2 percent for the state). In 2012, the Accommodation and Food Services industry
employed 27.8 percent of the workforce followed by Retail Trade (19.0%) and Health Care and Social
Assistance(13.6%).Theaverageannualwagein2012forOktibbehaCountywas$34,944comparedto
$37,440fortheStateofMississippi.
H.2 OKTIBBEHA COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT

FINAL April 2014
H:5
Identification as they pertain to Oktibbeha County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
H.2.1 Flood
ThereareareasinOktibbehaCountythataresusceptibletofloodevents.Specialfloodhazardareasin
Rate Maps (DFIRM).
1
GISanalysis,ofthe457squaremilesthatmakeupOktibbehaCounty,thereare86squaremilesofland
inzonesAandAE(1percentannualchancefloodplain/100yearfloodplain)and0.2squaremilesofland
These flood zone values account for 18.9 percent of the total land area in Oktibbeha County. It is
related losses often do occur outside of delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure H.2, Figure H.3,
Figure H.4, and Figure H.5 illustrate the location and extent of currently mapped special flood hazard
areasforOktibbehaCounty,theTowns ofMaben,theCityofStarkville,andtheTownofSturgisbased
onbestavailableFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Oktibbeha County were updated in 2010.

FINAL April 2014
H:6
FIGUREH.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY


FINAL April 2014
H:7
FIGUREH.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINMABEN


FINAL April 2014
H:8
FIGUREH.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINSTARKVILLE


FINAL April 2014
H:9
FIGUREH.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINSTURGIS


FINAL April 2014
H:10
Floods resulted in two disaster declarations in Oktibbeha County in 1979 and1991.

2
Information from
the National Climatic Data Center was used to ascertain historical flood events. The National Climatic
DataCenterreportedatotalof17eventsinOktibbehaCountysince1997.
3
Asummaryoftheseevents
is presented in Table H.4. These events accounted for over $1.9 million (2013 dollars) in property
damageinthecounty.Specificinformationonfloodevents,includingdate,typeofflooding,anddeaths
andinjuries,canbefoundinTableH.5.
TABLEH.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Maben 2 0/0 $328,564
Starkville 8 0/0 $1,007,925
Sturgis 1 0/0 $3,183
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYTOTAL 17 0/0 $1,975,924
TABLEH.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Maben
MABEN 14JUL05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $63,339
MABEN 25JUL11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $265,225
Starkville
STARKVILLE 02MAY97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $15,730
STARKVILLE 20JUN97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 08JUL04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $65,239
STARKVILLE 27FEB09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $67,531
STARKVILLE 12OCT09 FLOOD 0/0 $112,551
STARKVILLE 09MAR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,061
STARKVILLE 20APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $742,630
STARKVILLE 21JUL11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,183
Sturgis
STURGIS 21JUL11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,183
UnincorporatedArea
COUNTYWIDE 29AUG05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $190,016
SESSUMS 27FEB09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $393,928
PATRICK 01JAN11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $5,305
STATECOLLEGE 15APR11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $42,436

2
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
H:11
reportedinOktibbehaCountythroughtheNationalFloodInsuranceProgram(NFIP)since1978,totaling
over$59,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableH.6.It
additionalinstancesoffloodlossinOktibbehaCountywereeitheruninsured,deniedclaimspayment,or
notreported.
TABLEH.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Maben*
Starkville 13 $45,233
Sturgis*
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYTOTAL 19 $59,456
Source:FEMA,NFIP
As of May 2013, there are two nonmitigated repetitive loss properties located in Oktibbeha County
which accounted for 7 losses and over $27,000 inclaims payments under the NFIP. The average claim
amount for these properties is $3,961. Of the seven properties, one is 24 family and one is non
residential. Without mitigation these properties will likely continue to experience flood losses. Table
H.7 presents detailed information on repetitive loss properties and NFIP claims and policies for
OktibbehaCounty.
TABLEH.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Maben*
Starkville 1
1non
residential 2 $13,754 $475 $14,229 $7,115
Sturgis*
UnincorporatedArea 1 124family 5 $13,500 $0 $13,500 $2,700
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY
TOTAL
2 7 $27,254 $475 $27,729 $3,961
Flood events will remain a threat in Oktibbeha County, and the probability of future occurrences will
FINAL April 2014
H:12
propertiesthatriskvariesthroughoutthecounty.Forexample,thesouthernportionofthecountyhas
morefloodplainandthusahigherriskoffloodthanthecentralportionofthecounty.Floodisnotthe
H.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Oktibbeha County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concernforerosioninOktibbehaCountyareprimarilyriversandstreams.Generally,vegetationhelpsto
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in Oktibbeha County. This includes searching
Erosion remains a natural, dynamic, and continuous process forOktibbeha County, and it will continue
to occur. The annual probability level assigned for erosion is possible (between 1 and 10 percent
annually).
H.2.3 Dam Failure
According to the Mississippi Division of Environmental Quality, there is one high hazard dams in
OktibbehaCounty.
4
Figure5.6showsthelocationofthishighhazarddamanditisalsolistedbynamein
Table 5.8. According to a consensus of local government officials and the Regional Hazard Mitigation
Council,amajorityofthesedamswouldnotposeamajorthreatinabreachorfailureoccurrence.

4
FINAL April 2014
H:13
FIGUREH.6:OKTIBBEHACOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS

FINAL April 2014
H:14
TABLEH.8:OKTIBBEHACOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName
Hazard
Potential
OktibbehaCounty
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYLAKEDAM High
There is no record of dam breaches in Oktibbeha County. However, several breach scenarios in the
H.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Oktibbeha County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
WinterweatherhasresultedinonedisasterdeclarationinOktibbehaCountyin1999.
5
Accordingtothe
National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of seven recorded winter storm events in
OktibbehaCountysince1996(TableH.9).
6
Theseeventsresultedinalmost$1.1million(2013dollars)in
damages.DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableH.10.
7

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Oktibbeha County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
H:15
TABLEH.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEH.10:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Maben
NoneReported
Starkville
NoneReported
Sturgis
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 01FEB96 ICESTORM 0/0 $160,911
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $829,407
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $86,989
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 07JAN10 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $3,278
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 15DEC10 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
TherehavebeenseveralseverewinterweathereventsinOktibbehaCounty.Thetextbelowdescribes
December1998
January2000
ANNEX H:
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
Winterst
cost of sn
power ou
fireoran
Winterst
snow and
outages.
accumula

PROBABI
Winter st
theannua
FIRER

H.2.5
LOCATIO
Drought a
politicalb
drought a
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
in ten of
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
OKTIBBEHA C
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
ormsthrough
now and deb
utages. Furth
accumulation
ormsthrough
d debris clean
Furthermore
tionoftoxicf
ILITYOFFUT
torm events w
alprobability
RELATED
Drough
ONANDSPA
and heat wa
boundaries.F
and heat wa
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
gtotheU.S.D
the last thirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLEH.
rmallyDry
OUNTY
al Hazard Mit
houttheplan
ris cleanup, b
hermore, citiz
noftoxicfum
houtthecoun
nup, business
e,citizensmay
fumes.
TUREOCCUR
will continue
islikely(betw
D HAZAR
ht
TIALEXTENT
aves typically
Furthermore,
aves, making
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
DroughtMon
een years (20
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
11:HISTOR
ModerateDro
2000
2001
2002
2003
tigation Plan
nningareaha
business and
zens may res
mes.
ntyhaveseve
s and govern
yresorttous
RRENCES
to occur in
ween10and
RDS
T
y cover a larg
itisassumed
the spatial
onstypicallyd
ions.
nitor,Oktibbe
0002012). T
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
RICALDROUG
ughtSeve
0
1
2
3
aveseveralne
government
ort to using i
eralnegative
nment service
singinapprop
Oktibbeha Co
100percent)
ge area and
dthatOktibb
extent poten
donotcauses
ehaCountyha
Table H.11 sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
Oktibbeha
EXCEPTIO
ABNOR
ABNOR
NON
egativeexter
t service inte
inappropriate
externalities
e interruption
riateheating
ounty. Acco
.
cannot be c
behaCountyw
ntially widesp
significantda
addroughtle
hows the mos
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
RENCESINOK
ExtremeDro
aCounty
ONAL
MAL
MAL
NE
rnalitiesinclu
erruption, traf
e heating dev
includinghy
n, traffic acci
devicesthat
rding to histo
confined to a
wouldbeuni
pread. It is
amagetothe
evels(includin
st severe dro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
KTIBBEHACO
oughtExc
dinghypothe
ffic accidents
vices that cou
pothermia,c
idents, and p
couldtofire
orical inform
any geograph
formlyexpos
also notable
builtenviron
ngabnormally
ought classific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
OUNTY
eptionalDrough
H:16
ermia,
s, and
uld to
ostof
power
oran
ation,
hic or
sedto
e that
nment
ydry)
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
FINAL April 2014
H:17
There were no reported drought events for Oktibbeha County according to the National Climatic Data
Center.
HeatWave
county.
straightdays.
lastedfromAugust5
th
tothe16
th
.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatOktibbehaCountyhasaprobabilitylevel
of likely (10100 percent annual probability) for future drought events. However, the extent (or
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofOktibbehaCountyhasaprobability
2004 NONE
2005 ABNORMAL
2006 SEVERE
2007 EXCEPTIONAL
2008 SEVERE
2009 NONE
2010 SEVERE
2011 MODERATE
2012 ABNORMAL
FINAL April 2014
H:18
H.2.6 Wildfire
Figure H.7 shows the Fire Occurrence Areas (FOA) in Oktibbeha County based on data from the
SouthernWildfireRiskAssessment.Thisdataisbasedonhistoricalfireignitionsandisreportedasthe
numberoffiresthatoccurper1,000acreseachyear.
FIGUREH.7:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Oktibbeha County
FINAL April 2014
H:19
indicatesthatmostofthesefiresaresmall,averagingtenacresperfire.TableH.12providesasummary
of wildfire occurrences in Oktibbeha County and Table H.13 lists the number of reported wildfire
TABLEH.12:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Oktibbeha
County
TABLEH.13:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
OktibbehaCounty
Numberof
Fires
20 2 8 19 19 21 7 6 5 3
Numberof
Acres
Burned
335 62 63 159 208 188 20 49 20 8
WildfireeventswillbeanongoingoccurrenceinOktibbehaCounty.Thelikelihoodofwildfiresincreases
probabilityassignedtoOktibbehaCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

H.2.7 Earthquake
FigureH.8showstheintensitylevelassociatedwithOktibbehaCounty,basedonthenationalUSGSmap
FINAL April 2014
H:20
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Oktibbeha
FIGUREH.8:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
No earthquakes are known to have affected Oktibbeha County since 1638. Table H.14 provides a
1985.
8

8
FINAL April 2014
H:21
TABLEH.14:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Maben 0
Starkville 0
Sturgis 0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYTOTAL 0
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Oktibbeha County is unlikely.
H.2.8 Landslide
steep slopes. Landslides are possible throughout Oktibbeha County but there is a very low incidence
rateoflessthan1.5percentoftheareainvolved(accordingtotheUSGSdata).
According to Figure H.9 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that

FINAL April 2014
H:22
FIGUREH.9:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Source:USGS
There is no extensive history of landslides in Oktibbeha County. Landslide events typically occur in
isolatedareas.

FINAL April 2014
H:23
eventsisunlikely(lessthan1percentprobability).TheUSGSdataindicatesthatallareasinOktibbeha
of occurrence. It should also be noted that some areas in Oktibbeha County have greater risk than
othersgivenfactorssuchassteepnessonslopeandmodificationofslopes.
H.2.9 Expansive Soils
DuetotheamountofclaymineralspresentinOktibbehaCounty,expansivesoilspresentathreattothe
county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureH.10.Theareasinblueare
FIGUREH.10:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
H:24
There is no historical record of significant expansive soil events in Oktibbeha County. However,
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

H.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felthundredsofmilesinlandandthey canaffectOktibbehaCounty.AllareasinOktibbeha Countyare
AccordingtotheNationalHurricaneCentershistoricalstormtrackrecords,totalof30hurricaneshave
passedwithin75milesofthecountysince1851.Thisincludedfourcategory1hurricanes,andtwenty
sixtropicalstormsasshowninFigureH.11.
9
Atotaloffivetrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrengthat
thetimetheytraversedthecounty.TableH.15providesthedetailforeachstormthatpassedthrough

9
FINAL April 2014
H:25
FIGUREH.11:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOF
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
H:26
TABLEH.15:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
Federal records indicate that disaster declarations were made in 2004 (Hurricane Ivan) and twice in
2005 (Hurricanes Dennis and Katrina).
10
Hurricane and tropical storm events can cause substantial
damageintheareaduetohighwindsandflooding.
Anecdotesareavailableforthemajorstormsthathaveimpactedthatareaasfoundbelow:

10
FINAL April 2014
H:27
Theprobabilityofbeingimpactedislessthancoastalareas,butstillremainsarealthreattoOktibbeha
area.
H.2.11 Thunderstorm

favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Oktibbeha County typically experiences several
FINAL April 2014
H:28
assumed that Oktibbeha County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumed that Oktibbeha County is uniformly exposed to severe thunderstorms; therefore, all areas of
thecountyareequallyexposedtohailwhichmaybeproducedbysuchstorms.
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofOktibbehaCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.
Severe storms resulted in four disaster declarations in Oktibbeha County in 1979, 1991, 2001, and
2002.
11
1963inOktibbehaCounty.
12
Theseeventscausedover$16.5million(2013dollars)indamages.There
werealsoreportsof15injuries.TableH.16summarizesthisinformation.TableH.17presentsdetailed
event.
13
TABLEH.16:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESIN
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Maben 3 0/0 $36,162
Starkville 48 0/0 $1,634,118
Sturgis 7 0/0 $14,392,793
TABLEH.17:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Maben
MABEN 12JUL02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,384
MABEN 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $34,778

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Oktibbeha County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
H:29
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
MABEN 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
Starkville
Starkville 27NOV94 THUNDERSTORMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $5,114
Starkville 26JUL95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 52kts. 0/0 $3,314
Starkville 11NOV95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $4,972
STARKVILLE 14JUL96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,609
STARKVILLE 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,719
STARKVILLE 16JUN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,719
STARKVILLE 27JAN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
STARKVILLE 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
STARKVILLE 10AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,469
STARKVILLE 29NOV01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
STARKVILLE 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 08APR02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,384
STARKVILLE 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 07JUL04 TSTMWIND 54kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,524
STARKVILLE 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 80kts. 0/0 $253,354
STARKVILLE 23JUN06 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 63kts. 0/0 $614,937
STARKVILLE 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 61kts. 0/0 $245,975
STARKVILLE 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 14JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $232
STARKVILLE 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 10JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $4,371
STARKVILLE 29NOV10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 13JUL11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,122
FINAL April 2014
H:30
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
STARKVILLE 02MAY12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 43kts. 0/0 $10,300
STARKVILLE 20DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $15,450
Sturgis
STURGIS 16FEB01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $14,257,609
STURGIS 30APR05 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $1,267
STURGIS 03FEB06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $12,299
STURGIS 27JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $57,964
STURGIS 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $63,654
UnincorporatedArea
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 19MAR63 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 03APR66 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 17MAY68 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 27DEC68 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 21JUN69 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 20JUL74 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 05SEP74 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 16AUG81 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 01AUG85 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 19JAN88 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 15APR94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
FINAL April 2014
H:31
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
OSBORN 20JUN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,146
SESSUMS 22JAN99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $113,444
ADATON 11JUL01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
ADATON 20JUL02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,768
SESSUMS 17MAY04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
LONGVIEW 17AUG07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
BUGH 10JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
OSBORN 10JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $3,478
STARKVILLEBRYAN
ARP 06FEB08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $46,371
PATRICK 14JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
SESSUMS 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
ADATON 09DEC08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
SESSUMS 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
BUGH 30JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $45,020
BRADLEY 03APR10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $10,927
ADATON 09JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $27,318
ADATON 19JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $10,927
OSBORN 05AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,278
STARKVILLEBRYAN
ARP 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,305
SESSUMS 04APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $1,061
STATECOLLEGE 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $2,122
ADATON 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 54kts. 0/0 $1,061
SESSUMS 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $26,523
STATECOLLEGE 27APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLEBRYAN
ARP 21JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $10,609
STARKVILLEBRYAN
ARP 07MAY12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,150
ADATON 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLEBRYAN
ARP 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $2,060
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 06JUL12 STRONGWIND 49kts. 0/0 $1,030
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 59 recorded hailstorm events have affected Oktibbeha
County since 1971.
14
Table H.18 is a summary of the hail events in Oktibbeha County. Table H.19
resulted in approximately $494,000 (2013 dollars) in property damages. Hail ranged in diameter from

14
hail events have affected Oktibbeha County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
H:32
0.75 inches to 2.75 inches. It should be noted that hail is notorious for causing substantial damage to
cars,roofs,andotherareasofthebuiltenvironmentthatmaynotbereportedtotheNationalClimatic
DataCenter.Therefore,itislikelythatdamagesaregreaterthanthereportedvalue.
TABLEH.18:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Maben 3 0/0 $318,270
Starkville 25 0/0 $168,594
Sturgis 7 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYTOTAL 59 0/0 $493,617
TABLEH.19:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Maben
MABEN 14MAY05 0.88in. 0/0 $0
MABEN 11APR07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MABEN 20APR11 2.75in. 0/0 $318,270
Starkville
Starkville 11FEB93 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Starkville 25APR93 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Starkville 15APR94 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Starkville 06MAR95 1.00in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 08JUN96 1.00in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 06MAR98 1.00in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 22JAN99 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 18FEB00 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 27JUN01 1.00in. 0/0 $11,406
STARKVILLE 19AUG02 1.00in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 06MAR03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
STARKVILLE 30JUL03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
STARKVILLE 05AUG05 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 07APR06 1.75in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 24MAY08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLE 02MAR12 1.75in. 0/0 $154,500
FINAL April 2014
H:33
Sturgis
Sturgis 27OCT95 1.75in. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 18MAR96 0.88in. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 27MAY97 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 09MAY98 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 13MAR05 0.88in. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 03FEB06 0.75in. 0/0 $0
STURGIS 10JAN08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 01JUN71 1.75in. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 25APR73 0.75in. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 05SEP74 1.75in. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 22MAY88 1.75in. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 20FEB89 0.75in. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 09APR91 1.75in. 0/0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 30MAR92 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Osborne 30MAR93 1.50in. 0/0 $0
LONGVIEW 07APR04 1.00in. 0/0 $0
SESSUMS 17MAY04 1.00in. 0/0 $0
LONGVIEW 09MAY06 1.00in. 0/0 $0
LONGVIEW 17AUG07 0.88in. 0/0 $0
STATECOLLEGE 14MAR08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
BUGH 02APR09 1.75in. 0/0 $6,753
OSBORN 12JUN09 1.00in. 0/0 $0
SESSUMS 12MAR10 0.88in. 0/0 $0
PATRICK 24APR10 1.25in. 0/0 $0
BRADLEY 24APR10 1.25in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLEBRYAN
ARP 29NOV10 1.00in. 0/0 $0
SESSUMS 04APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
STARKVILLEBRYAN
ARP 20APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
PATRICK 01JUL12 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been three recorded lightning events in
OktibbehaCountysince2005.Thiseventresultedinmorethan$204,000(2013dollars)indamagesas
listed in summary Table H.20.
15
However, it is likely that more lightning events have in fact impacted
thecounty.Manyofthereportedeventsarethosethatcauseddamage,anditshouldbeexpectedthat

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Oktibbeha County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
H:34
lightningeventscanbefoundinTableH.21.
TABLEH.20:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Maben 1 0/0 $19,002
Starkville 1 0/0 $154,500
Sturgis 0 0/0 $0
TABLEH.21:HISTORICALLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Maben
MABEN 22AUG05 0/0 19,002
Lightningstruckamobilehomecausingittocatch
fire.
Starkville
STARKVILLE 05JUL12 0/0 $154,500
Alightningstrikeresultedinafireatahotelthatwas
underconstruction.
Sturgis
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
STARKVILLE
BRYANARP 05JUL12 0/0 $30,900
Alightningstrikeresultedinafireataresidenceon
OakwoodDriveoffofNewlightRoadwestof
Starkville.
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Oktibbeha County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be

FINAL April 2014
H:35
Lightning
Although there was not a high number of historical lightning events reported in Oktibbeha County via
U.S. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN
), Oktibbeha County is located in an area of the

country that experienced anaverageof6to8lightningflashes persquarekilometerper yearbetween
1997 and 2010. Therefore, the probability of future events is highly likely (100 percent annual
probability). It can be expected that future lightning events will continue to threaten life and cause
minorpropertydamagesthroughoutthecounty.
H.2.12 Tornado
TornadoesoccurthroughoutthestateofMississippi,andthusinOktibbehaCounty.Tornadoestypically
Therefore,itisassumedthatOktibbehaCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in four disaster declarations in Oktibbeha County in 1979, 1991, 2001, and 2002.
16
in Oktibbeha County since 1951 (Table H.22), resulting in over $9.4 million (2013 dollars) in property
damages.
17
In addition, 1 fatality and 28 injuries were reported. The magnitude of these tornadoes
ranges from F0 to F4 in intensity, although an F5 event is possible. Detailed information on historic
tornadoeventscanbefoundinTableH.23.
TABLEH.22:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Maben 1 0/0 $0
Starkville 4 0/7 $3,257,665
Sturgis 3 0/0 $49,010

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Oktibbeha County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
H:36
TABLEH.23:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Maben
MABEN 25SEP05 F0 0/0 $0
ThisweaktornadotoucheddownoffThompson
RoadandTobeHenryRoad,nearthepowerlines,
andmovednortheastforabout1mile.Several
treeswereuprootedalongwithafewlargelimbs
brokenoffsometrees.
Starkville
STARKVILLE 24NOV01 F0 0/0 $0
Eyewitnessessawatornadobrieflytouchdownin
anopenfieldaboutfivemilessouthwestof
Starkville.
STARKVILLE 10NOV02 F1 0/0 $13,842
County,almost8milesnortheastofLouisville
around7:20PM.Aftermovingthrough
northwesternpartsofNoxubeeCounty,itbriefly
movedacrossextremeSoutheastOktibbeha
County,resultinginthedestructionofmany
trees.ThetornadomovedoutofOktibbeha
Countyaround7:45PMabout15.5miles
southeastofStarkville.
STARKVILLE 25SEP05 F1 0/7 $2,533,540
Thistornadotoucheddownonthesoutheastside
ofStarkville,justsouthwestoftheMSUCampus,
intheSherwoodForestsubdivisionandtracked
northeastfor3.5milesthroughtheMSUCampus
thendissipatedatHighway82.TheSherwood
Forestsubdivisionhadseveraltreesuprootedand
about5homeswithshingledamage.Thetornado
thenmovedacrossanopenfieldtowardtheMSU
Campus.TheMSUSeedTechnologyBuilding
sustainedmajordamagetomostofthemetal/tin
structures.ARVwasrolledoveratthislocation.
Therestofthecampussustainedbroken
windows,downedtreesandroofdamageto
severalbuildings.ThetornadoexitedMSU
Campusandcontinuednortheast.Forthelast
mile,numeroushomessustainedminorroof
damageandbrokenwindows.Justbeforethe
tornadodissipatedtheUniversityMobileHome
parkwasseverelyhit.Elevenmobilehomeswere
flippedoveranddestroyedalongwithmany
otherssustainingminordamage.Seveninjuries
occurredatthemobilehomepark,allinthe
destroyedmobilehomes.Thetornadodissipated
shortlythereafterjustbeforereachingHighway
82.
STARKVILLE 24APR10 F2 0/0 $710,273
Onemobilehomewasdestroyedand20homes
weredamagedalongSunCreekandMitchell
roads.Threepowerpolesweresnappedalong
withnumeroustreessnappedanduprooted.A
barnwasalsodamagedalongthepath.Maximum
windswerearound115mph.
FINAL April 2014
H:37
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Sturgis
STURGIS 07DEC04 F0 0/0 $6,524
Thisweaktornadouprootedandsnappedafew
treesalongCraigSpringsRoad.
STURGIS 07DEC04 F0 0/0 $26,095
Thisweaktornadouprootedandsnapped
numeroustreesasitmovednortheastfor11/4
mile.
STURGIS 24APR10 F1 0/0 $16,391
ThetornadomovedintowestcentralOktibbeha
CountyandtrackedalongBigCreekRoadand
SimmonsRoadbeforedissipatingatSturgis
MabenRoadabout5milesnorthofSturgis.Many
treesweresnappedanduprootedasthelong
tracktornadocametoanend.
UnincorporatedArea
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 20FEB51 F3 1/1 $24,234
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 20JAN54 F2 0/2 $235,250
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 07MAR61 F2 0/0 $211,725
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 11MAR63 F4 0/0
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 17DEC67 F0 0/0 $188,863
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 28JAN74 F2 0/3 $128,114
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 24DEC82 F1 0/0 $654,110
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 22MAY88 F1 0/0 $533,525
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY 02JUL89 F1 0/0 $50,921
STATE
COLLEGE 18OCT07 F0 0/0 $35,822
Atornadobrieflytoucheddownnearthe
StarkvilleCountryClubandtoresometinoffa
metalbuildingalongwithsomeminorwall
damage.Twotreeswerealsosnappedalongthe
path.
STARKVL
OKTIBBEHA
AR 18OCT07 F0 0/0
Abrieftornadotoucheddownjusteastof
Starkvilleandsnappedafewtrees.
PATRICK 28JUL09 F0 0/0
Aspotterwitnessedabrieftornadotouchdown
justeastofStarkvilleoffHighway82.Abrief
debriscloudandcondensationfunnelwas
observedacrosssomeopenfarmland.
FINAL April 2014
H:38
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
STARKVILLE
BRYANARP 29NOV10 F2 0/15 $928,818
Initialdamagewasroofandsidingdamagetoa
churchalongLynnLane.Thetornadothenmoved
northeastthroughanareaofapartment
buildings,causingminortomoderateroof
damagetoanumberofbuildings,aswellas
downingseveraltrees.Thetornadothenmoved
intothePinesTrailerPark,whereitdestroyeda
numberofmobilehomes.Twolargemobile
homeswererolledanddestroyed,andseveral
mobilehomesweremovedasubstantialdistance
anddestroyed.Numerouslargepinetreeswere
snappednearthebase,withseverallandingon
mobilehomescausingmajordamage.Numerous
utilitylinesweresnappedanddowned,anda
coupleofpolesweredowned.Thiswasthe
locationofmaximumdamage.Thetornadothen
movednortheastacrossLouisvilleRoad,causing
roofdamagetoseveralhomesandcontinuingto
snaptrees.Itmovedthroughanothertrailerpark,
blowingouttheskirtingonseveralmobilehomes
andcausingminorroofandstructuraldamageto
acouple.Asthetornadopassedthroughtheeast
sideoftheStarkvilleHighSchoolcomplex,it
twistedsomelightstandardsontheathleticfields
andcausedsomeminorfencedamage.Itthen
crossedYellowJacketDrive,blowingoutaporch
onarestaurantandcausingsomeminorroof
damage.AsitcrossedHighway12,itblewdowna
coupleoftrafficlights,blewoutabusinesssign,
anddamagedanotherporchonarestaurant.The
tornadosnappedafewtreesandcausedsome
shingledamagetoacoupleofhomesonSouth
MontgomeryStreet,andthendissipated.The
tornadowasratedEF2basedonthesmallareaof
themostintensedamageinthePinesTrailer
Park;theremainderofthedamagewasgenerally
EF1innature.Maximumwindswerearound115
mph.
FINAL April 2014
H:39
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
STARKVILLE
BRYANARP 01JAN11 F1 0/0 $3,182,700
Thetornadobegannearthesouthsideofthe
StarkvilleAirport.Asthetornadomovedalong
MileyandIndustrialParkRoads,itdowned
severaltrees,peeledbacktheroofandblewin
theoverheaddooronametalcommercial
building,andpushedoverasemitrailer.The
tornadothencrossedtheStarkvilleSportsplex,
blowingoveranumberofsoccergoalsand
dugouts,anddamagingsomefencing.The
tornadothenmovedacrossacoupleof
apartmentcomplexesalongLynnLane,whereit
diditsmostintensedamage.Itremovedthe
entireroofingstructureofoneapartment
building,andblewthefacadeoffanother
building.Anumberofapartmentbuildings
sufferedshingleorfasciadamage.Aftercausing
thisdamage,thetornadomovedacrossLouisville
RoadneartheintersectionwithAcademyRoad.It
blewoffpartoftheroofofacarwashnearthis
intersection,andalsocausedminorroofand
gutterdamagetoachurch.Thetornadomoved
alongAcademyRoad,downingsomepowerlines
andcausingsomeminorroofdamagebefore
dissipating.TheStarkvilleASOShadawindgustof
52mph.Maximumwindsinthetornadowere
estimatedat95mph.
Accordingtohistoricalinformation,tornadoeventsposeasignificantthreattoOktibbehaCounty.The
probabilityoffuturetornadooccurrencesaffectingOktibbehaCountyislikely(10100percentannual
probability).
H.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
OktibbehaCountyhasthreeTRIsites.ThesesitesareshowninFigureH.12.

FINAL April 2014
H:40
FIGUREH.12:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Source:EPA

FINAL April 2014
H:41
Therehavebeenatotalof14recordedHAZMATincidentsinOktibbehaCountysince1971(TableH.24),
resulting in over $421,000 in property damages. In addition, one injury was reported. Table H.25
presentsdetailedinformationonhistoricHAZMATincidentsinOktibbehaCountyasreportedbytheU.S.
DepartmentofTransportationPipelineandHazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration(PHMSA).
TABLEH.24:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Maben 0 0/0 $0
Starkville 13 0/1 $421,705
Sturgis 0 0/0 $0
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEH.25:HAZMATINCIDENTSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Maben
NoneReported
Starkville
I1973080272 8/3/1973 STARKVILLE Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I1983050203 4/29/1983 STARKVILLE Highway No 0/0 $0 58LGA
I2004070510 12/8/2003 STARKVILLE Highway Yes 0/1 $421,600 8,500LGA
I1992010566 12/18/1991 STARKVILLE Highway Yes 0/0 $0 820LGA
Sturgis
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
I1994061745 5/24/1994 OKTIBBEHA Highway No 0/0 $125 0.125LGA
Source:USDOTPHMSA
Given the location of three toxic release inventory sites in Oktibbeha County and several roadway and
rail incidents, it is possible that a hazardous material incident may occur in the county (between one
FINAL April 2014
H:42
AlthoughtherearejustthreeTRIsitesandalimitedrecordofpreviouseventsinthecounty,hazardous
H.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemics are global in nature. However, they may start anywhere. Oktibbeha County chose to
analyzethishazardgiventhelargenumberofpoultryfarmsinthearea.Poultryhasservedashostfor
virusesthatultimatelymutatetoinfecthumans.
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th

18
FINAL April 2014
H:43
State,"onOctober4
th
widelyrecorded.
19
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatOktibbehaCountyhasaprobabilitylevel
of unlikely (less than 1 percent annual probability) for future pandemics events. While pandemic can
havedevastatingimpacts,theyarerelativelyrare.


19
FINAL April 2014
H:44
H.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk
HAZARDEXTENT
TableH.26describestheextentofeachnaturalhazardidentifiedforOktibbehaCounty.Theextentofa
TABLEH.26:EXTENTOFOKTIBBEHACOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor18.9percentofthetotallandareainOktibbehaCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheTrimCaneCreeknearStarkvillein1983.
Waterreachedadischargeof10,500cubicfeetpersecondandthestreamgage
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinOktibbehaCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).TwodamsareclassifiedashighhazardinOktibbeha
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).Officiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasin
OktibbehaCounty.However,thegreatestsnowfallreportedinJackson
(southwestofthecounty)was11.7inchesin1904andinMeridian(southofthe
county)was14.0inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.OktibbehaCountyhasreceived
OktibbehaCounty.However,thehighestrecordedtemperatureinJackson
FINAL April 2014
H:45
Wildfire
occurinOktibbehaCountyinanyyearwas21in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromOktibbehaCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
county.However,thegreatestMMItoimpactOktibbehaCountywasreported
withaMMIofIV(moderate)withacorrelatingRichterScalemeasurementofless
than4.8.Additionally,USGSdatashowsOktibbehaCountylieswithinan
approximatezoneoflevel3to4groundacceleration.Thisindicatesthatthe
Landslide
inOktibbehaCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinOktibbehaCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinOktibbeha
County.
ExpansiveSoils
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughOktibbehaCountywasatropicalstorm(an
unnamedstormin1879andHurricaneKatrina)whichcarriedtropicalforcewinds
of58milesperhouruponarrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinOktibbehaCountywaslastreported
onJanuary13,2005at80knots(approximately92mph).Itshouldbenotedthat
reportedinOktibbehaCountywas2.75inches(reportedonApril20,2011).It
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),OktibbehaCountyis
figures.
FINAL April 2014
H:46
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinOktibbehaCountywasanF4
(reportedonMarch11,1963).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis8,500LGAreleasedonthehighwayinStarkville.Itshouldbenoted
Pandemic
life.
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskforOktibbehaCounty,theresults
Section5.16.2.
Table H.27 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEH.27:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFOROKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
WindrelatedHazards
FINAL April 2014
H:47
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
H.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
TheconclusionsdrawnfromthehazardprofilingprocessforOktibbehaCounty,includingthePRIresults
identified hazard according to three categories: High Risk, Moderate Risk, and Low Risk (Table H.28).
impactthatahazardwillhaveonhumanlifeandpropertythroughoutallofOktibbehaCounty.Amore
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionH.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
TABLEH.28:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFOROKTIBBEHACOUNTY
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
H:48
H.3 OKTIBBEHA COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
ThissubsectionidentifiesandquantifiesthevulnerabilityofOktibbehaCountytothesignificanthazards
H.3.1 Asset Inventory
Table H.29 lists the number of parcels and the total assessed value of improvements for Oktibbeha
Countyanditsparticipatingjurisdictions(studyareaofvulnerabilityassessment).
20
TABLEH.29:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Maben 515 $27,860,960
Starkville 8,393 $124,557,220
Sturgis 219 $7,751,290
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYTOTAL 21,100 $2,008,293,452
Table H.30 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinOktibbehaCounty.Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecriticalfacilitiesfor
thecountyandthisdatawasupdatedtoreflectcurrentconditions.Inaddition,FigureH.13showsthe
locations of essential facilities in Oktibbeha County. Table H.42, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLEH.30:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Maben 0 0 0 0 2
Starkville 4 3 1 1 10
Sturgis 0 0 0 0 1
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYTOTAL 4 3 1 1 13
Source:HazusMH

20
FINAL April 2014
H:49
FIGUREH.13:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
H.3.2 Social Vulnerability
and assess those particular segments of the resident population in Oktibbeha County that are
TableH.31liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
dataispresentedatthecountyandmunicipallevel.ThetotalpopulationinOktibbehaCountyaccording
toCensusdatais47,671persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionH.1.

FINAL April 2014
H:50
TABLEH.31:TOTALPOPULATIONINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Maben 871
Starkville 23,888
Sturgis 254
OKTIBBEHACOUNTYTOTAL 47,671
Inaddition,FigureH.14illustratesthepopulationdensitybycensustractasitwasreportedbytheU.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
21

21

FINAL April 2014
H:51
FIGUREH.14:POPULATIONDENSITYINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
H.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Oktibbeha County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
TableH.30.
FINAL April 2014
H:52
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableH.41.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Oktibbeha County is susceptible to flood events. A total of 17 flood
eventshavebeenreportedbytheNationalClimaticDataCenterresultingin$2million(2013dollars)in
damages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$163,498forOktibbehaCounty.
belocatedwithinanidentifiedfloodplain.TableH.32presentsthepotentialatriskproperty.Boththe
TABLEH.32:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Maben 0 $0 0 $0 0.0%
Starkville 563 $61,124,580 9 $679,360 49.6%
Sturgis 1 $500 0 $0 0.0%
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY
TOTAL
1,866 $117,413,530 9 $679,360 5.9%
Source:FEMADFIRM
SocialVulnerability
on population atrisk to flood due to tract level population data. Figure H.15 is presented to gain a

FINAL April 2014
H:53
FIGUREH.15:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
ThecriticalfacilityanalysisrevealedthatthereareanocriticalfacilitieslocatedintheOktibbehaCounty
TableH.42attheendofthissection.
Oktibbeha County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
FINAL April 2014
H:54
WILDFIRE
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceindicatesthatOktibbehaCountyissusceptibletowildfireevents,thereare
Figure H.16 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county containssomelandswherethevaluefallsintotheatriskcategory.ChickasawCountyhasvery
ChickasawCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableH.33showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
H:55
FIGUREH.16:WILDFIRERISKAREASINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
TABLEH.33:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
Levelof
FloodEvent
WildfireRisk
Maben 0 $0
Starkville 0 $0
Sturgis 0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY
TOTAL
2 $0

FINAL April 2014
H:56
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableH.42
facilities,andpopulationsinOktibbehaCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
22
TableH.34summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEH.34:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.

22
FINAL April 2014
H:57
populations in Oktibbeha County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
fromanearthquakeoccurrence.WhileOktibbehaCountymaynotexperiencealargeearthquake(there
arenoneonrecord),localizeddamageispossiblewithanoccurrence.Alistofspecificcriticalfacilities
andtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableH.42attheendofthissection.
Historical evidence indicates that Oktibbeha County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
stormhazard.Therehavebeenthreedisasterdeclarationsduetohurricanes(HurricanesIvan,Dennis,
andKatrina).Severaltrackshavecomenearortraversedthroughthecounty,asshownanddiscussedin
SectionH.2.10.
23
forthecountyasshownbelowinTableH.35.Only
TABLEH.35:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableH.36.
TABLEH.36:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
OktibbehaCounty $0 $3,455,610,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
Given equal vulnerability across Oktibbeha County, all critical facilities are considered to be at risk.
Some buildings may perform better than others in the face of such an event due to construction and
age, among other factors. Determining individual building response is beyond the scope of this plan.

23
FINAL April 2014
H:58
TableH.42attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinOktibbehaCounty.
AlthoughhistoricalevidenceandexistingToxicReleaseInventorysitesindicatethatOktibbehaCountyis
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforOktibbehaCounty.
referenced TRI listed toxic sites in Oktibbeha County, along with buffers, were used for analysis as
shown in Figure H.17. For the mobile analysis, themajor roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and
impact people and buildings, were used for the GIS buffer analysis. Figure H.18 shows the areas used
for mobile toxic release buffer analysis. The results indicate the approximate number of parcels,
improvedvalue,asshowninTableH.37(fixedsites)andTableH.38(mobilesites).
24

24
FINAL April 2014
H:59
FIGUREH.17:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEH.37:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Maben 0 $0 0 $0
Starkville 82 $57,501,430 7,276 $1,211,959,466
Sturgis 0 $0 0 $0
Maben 0 $0 0 $0
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY
TOTAL
82 $57,501,430 7,407 $1,373,219,256

FINAL April 2014
H:60
FIGUREH.18:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
H:61
TABLEH.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Maben 245 $9,243,700 451 $15,572,390
Starkville 4,054 $527,375,860 16,702 $2,310,956,450
Sturgis 173 $6,362,560 219 $7,751,290
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY
TOTAL
6,144 $660,720,590 27,247 $3,212,308,250
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for fixed TRI sites revealed that there are six Oktibbeha County facilities
locatedinaHAZMATriskzone.Allofthesefacilitiesareinthesecondarybufferarea.Alistofspecific
criticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableH.42attheendofthissection.
MobileAnalysis:
The criticalfacilityanalysisfortransportationcorridorsinOktibbehaCountyrevealedthat thereare19
foundinTableH.42attheendofthissection.
buildings,criticalfacilities,andpopulationsinOktibbehaCounty.Thoseareasinaprimarybufferareat
Table H.39 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Oktibbeha County. Due to the
region.

FINAL April 2014
H:62
TABLEH.39:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFOROKTIBBEHACOUNTY
Event
Oktibbeha
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $163,498
Erosion Negligible
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $50,000
WindrelatedHazards
ThunderstormWind/HighWind $1,298,981
Hail $48,374
Lightning $187,775
Tornado $376,500
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableH.40showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
H:63


FINAL April 2014
H:64
TABLEH.40:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINOKTIBBEHACOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
5
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY

EastWebsterHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X
WestOktibbehaCountyHigh School
X X X X X X X X X X
UniversityPolice
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X
OktibbehaCountyDistrict5Volunteer
FireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
CivilDefenseCouncil EOC
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleFireDept
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleFireDept#2
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X
CentralOktibbehaFireDepartment
Fire
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OktibbehaCountyHospital
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X
StarkvillePoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
OktibbehaCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleChristianSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X

25


FINAL April 2014
H:65

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
5
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
StarkvilleAcademy School
X X X X X X X X X X
EastOktibbehaCountyElementary School
X X X X X X X X X
SudduthElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X
OverstreetElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
ArmstrongMiddleSchool School
WardStewartElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
StarkvilleHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
MillsapsCareer&TechCenter School
X X X X X X X X X X
EmersonFamilySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
SturgisAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X X X

FINAL April 2014
H:66
H.4 OKTIBBEHA COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
Thissubsectiondiscusses the capabilityofOktibbehaCountytoimplementhazardmitigationactivities.

H.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableH.41providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
underdevelopmentforOktibbehaCounty.Acheckmark()indicatesthatthegivenitemiscurrentlyin
MitigationPlan.
TABLEH.41:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY
*
Maben
Starkville
Sturgis
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
Oktibbeha County has previously adopted a hazard mitigation plan. The Town of Maben, the City of
Starkville,andtheTownofSturgiswerealsoincludedinthisplan.

FINAL April 2014
H:67
Oktibbeha County maintains an emergency operations plan through its Emergency Management
Agency. The Town of Maben, the City of Starkville, and the Town of Sturgis are each covered by this
plan.
GENERALPLANNING
OktibbehaCountyiscurrentlyintheprocessofdevelopingacountycomprehensiveplan.Additionally,
the Town of Maben and the City of Starkville adopted comprehensive plans in 1976 and 2005,
respectively.
ZoningOrdinance
Oktibbeha County, the Town of Maben, and the City of Starkville have zoning ordinances that were
adopted in 1972, 1976, and 1992, respectively. However, the City of Starkville zoning ordinance has
beenamendedmultipletimes,asrecentlyas2012.
Oktibbeha County does not have a subdivision ordinance in place. However, the Town of Maben and
theCityofStarkvilleadoptedsubdivisionregulationsin1976and1969,respectively.
Oktibbeha County has not adopted a building code; however, the City of Starkville has adopted a
buildingcode.
Table H.42 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Oktibbeha
County.
TABLEH.42:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 6/19/89 2/17/10 143 $26,376,000 6 $14,233
Maben*
Starkville 2/18/81 2/17/10 307 $39,919,700 13 $45,233
Sturgis*

FINAL April 2014
H:68
ordinance. Oktibbeha County and the City of Starkville both participate in the NFIP and have adopted
Oktibbeha County has not adopted a stormwater management plan. However, the City of Starkville
includesastormwatermanagementordinanceasachapterinitscitycodeofordinances.
H.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
TableH.43providesasummaryofthecapabilityassessmentresultsforOktibbehaCountywithregardto
TABLEH.43:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY

Maben
Starkville
Sturgis

FINAL April 2014
H:69
H.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table H.44 provides a summary of the results for Oktibbeha County with regard to relevant fiscal
TABLEH.44:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
OKTIBBEHA
COUNTY

Maben
Starkville
Sturgis
H.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Oktibbeha County is more
H.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table H.45 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology

FINAL April 2014
H:70
TABLEH.45:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
OKTIBBEHACOUNTY 25 Moderate
Maben 17 Limited
Starkville 38 Moderate
Sturgis 12 Limited
H.5 OKTIBBEHA COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
This subsection provides the blueprint for Oktibbeha County to follow in order to become less
vulnerabletoitsidentifiedhazards.ItisbasedongeneralconsensusoftheRegionalHazardMitigation
Council and the findings and conclusions of the capability assessment and risk assessment. Additional
InformationcanbefoundinSection8:MitigationStrategyandSection9:MitigationActionPlan.
H.5.1 Mitigation Goals
OktibbehaCountydevelopedsevenmitigationgoalsincoordinationwiththeotherparticipatingMEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableH.46.
TABLEH.46:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6

FINAL April 2014
H:71
H.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
The mitigation actions proposed by Oktibbeha County, the Town of Maben, the City of Starkville, and
theTownofSturgisarelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
H:72
Oktibbeha County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
developments.

FINAL April 2014
H:73
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
All High
County
EMA
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
H:74
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2

FINAL April 2014
H:75
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
approachingstorm.
PEA4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
H:76
Town of Maben Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
developments.

FINAL April 2014
H:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
All High
County
EMA
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
H:78
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2

FINAL April 2014
H:79
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
approachingstorm.
PEA4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
H:80
City of Starkville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
forfuture

FINAL April 2014
H:81
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
All High
County
EMA
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
H:82
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2

FINAL April 2014
H:83
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
approachingstorm.
PEA4
StarkvillePreventionOrdinance
withintheCityofStarkville.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
H:84
Town of Sturgis Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
fromanevent.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
shiftingsoil.
EQ,ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PP2
forfuture

FINAL April 2014
H:85
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
All High
County
EMA
ES2
ondesignatedshelters.Old
SturgisPresbyterianChurchone
blockoffMainStwithinCity
Limitshasa1888sqftbasement.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
MOHS
$150,000to
$200,000
TownofSturgis
Sixmonthsfrom
funding
Detailsofthisaction
updatedin2013.
Hopetocomplete
actionwithin6
monthsofreceiving
funding.
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
event.
All High
General
Funds,
Grants
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
H:86
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES6
Encourageandpromote
timelymanner.
All High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors,
Mayor,County
EMA,Elected
Officials,
Agency
Directors,
Department
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES7
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
PEA2

FINAL April 2014
H:87
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA3
approachingstorm.
PEA4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing

Annex I
Webster County
FINAL April 2014
I:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Webster County and its participating
I.1WebsterCountyCommunityProfile
I.2WebsterCountyRiskAssessment
I.3WebsterCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
I.4WebsterCountyCapabilityAssessment
I.5WebsterCountyMitigationStrategy
I.1 WEBSTER COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

I.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Webster County is located in north central Mississippi. It comprises four municipalities, the City of
Eupora, the Village of Mantee, the Town of Mathiston, and the Village of Walthall, as well as many
severalunincorporatedcommunities.AnorientationmapisprovidedasFigureI.1.
The county is an agriculture area that produces beef and dairy cattle, cotton, corn, soybeans, hay,
poultry,vegetables,andfarmraisedcatfish.Thetotalareaofthecountyis423squaremiles,2square
milesofwhichiswaterarea.
upper60s.Wintertemperaturesrangefromhighsinthemid50stolowsaround30F.Averageannual
rainfallisapproximately57inches,withthewettestmonthsbeingDecember,April,andMay.
ANNEX I: WEBSTER COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
I:2
FIGUREI.1:WEBSTERCOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
I.1.2 Population and Demographics
Accordingtothe2010Census,WebsterCountyhasapopulationof10,253people.Thecountyhasseen
a slight decline in population between 2000 and 2010, and the population density is 24 people per
participatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableI.1.
TABLEI.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORWEBSTERCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
WebsterCounty 10,222 10,294 10,253 0.4%
Eupora 2,145 2,326 2,197 5.5%
Mantee 134 169 232 37.3%
Mathiston 818 720 698 3.1%
Walthall 167 170 144 15.3%

FINAL April 2014
I:3
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Webster County is 39.9 years. The racial
characteristicsofthecountyarepresentedinTableI.2.Whitesmakeupthemajorityofthepopulation
TABLEI.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFWEBSTERCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
WebsterCounty 78.7% 19.9% 0.2% 1.2% 1.0%
Eupora 55.2% 41.8% 0.6% 2.4% 2.7%
Mantee 99.1% 0.4% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0%
Mathiston 84.4% 14.0% 0.0% 1.6% 0.1%
Walthall 88.2% 9.0% 0.7% 2.1% 1.4%
I.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 4,804 housing units in Webster County, the majority of
whicharesinglefamilyhomesormobilehomes.Housinginformationforthecountyandtwotownsis
presentedinTableI.3.Asshowninthetable,twooftheincorporatedtownshaveasignificantlylower
percentage of seasonal housing units compared to the unincorporated county while one of the
incorporatedvillageshasahigherpercentage.
TABLEI.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFWEBSTERCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
WebsterCounty 4,344 4,804 4.6% $72,100
Eupora 957 1,001 1.2% $102,300
Mantee 77 115 9.6% $100,900
Mathiston 323 332 0.9% $68,500
Walthall 69 70 0.0% $104,200
I.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Webster County, US Highway 82 travels along the southern county border, linking the county to
neighboringMontgomeryCountyandOktibbehaCounty.StateHighway9providesaccessfromnorthto
south and passes through Eupora, connecting the county to Calhoun County and Choctaw County.
Additionally, the Natchez Trace Parkway, a 444mile national parkway running from Tennessee to
Mississippi,traversesthesoutheastcornerofthecounty.ThisroutehasbeeninusesincepreColonial
times and includes exceptional scenery, Indian burial mounds, overlooks, hiking trails, nature exhibits,
andsitesofhistoricinterests.
FINAL April 2014
I:4
The Eupora Airport provides limited local service and regional air travel connections are available
through Golden Triangle Regional Airport in Lowndes County as well as Tupelo Regional Airport in Lee
County. The closest international airport is JacksonEvers International, approximately 130 miles away
fromthecounty.
Railservicetotheareaisprovidedbyoneshortlinerailroad,butthereisnopassengerserviceofferedat
thistime.
UTILITIES
Electrical power in Webster County is provided by Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingFourCountyElectricPowerAssociation(EPA),DeltaEPA,NatchezTraceEPA,and
Entergy.
WaterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheCityofEuporaaswellasvarietyofliftstations
andruralwaterassociations.TheTownofMabenalsoservessomeoftheresidentsinWebsterCounty.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Webster County.
ThereisonehospitallocatedinWebsterCounty.WebsterHealthServicesisan38bedmedicalsurgical
hospitallocatedintheCityofEupora.
Recreational opportunities in Webster County are available at Whites Creek Lake Park, Mantee Lake,
Gary Park, Crawford Field, and the Natchez Trace Parkway. Activities include hunting, fishing,
swimming,andhiking.
I.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Webster County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
I.1.6 Employment and Industry
AccordingtotheMississippiEmploymentSecurityCommission,in2012,WebsterCountyhadanaverage
9.2percentforthestate).In2012,theManufacturingindustryemployed26.6percentoftheworkforce.
EducationServiceswasthesecondlargestindustry,employing23.1percentofworkers,andRetailTrade
FINAL April 2014
I:5
followed closely behind (19.8%). The average annual wage in 2012 for Webster County was $28,392
I.2 WEBSTER COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT
Identification as they pertain to Webster County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the
I.2.1 Flood
There are areas in Webster County that are susceptible to flood events. Special flood hazard areas in
Rate Maps (DFIRM).
1
GISanalysis,ofthe420squaremilesthatmakeupWebsterCounty,thereare43squaremilesoflandin
zonesAand AE(1percentannualchancefloodplain/100yearfloodplain)and0squaremilesoflandin
These flood zone values account for 10.2 percent of the total land area in Webster County. It is
related losses often do occur outside of delineated special flood hazard areas. Figure I.2, Figure I.3,
FigureI.4,FigureI.5,andFigureI.6illustratethelocationandextentofcurrentlymappedspecialflood
hazardareasforWebsterCounty,theCityofEupora,theVillageofMantee,theTownofMathiston,and
theVillageofWalthallbasedonbestavailableFEMADigitalFloodInsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Webster County were updated in 2010.

FINAL April 2014
I:6
FIGUREI.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINWEBSTERCOUNTY


FINAL April 2014
I:7
FIGUREI.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINEUPORA


FINAL April 2014
I:8
FIGUREI.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINMANTEE
FINAL April 2014
I:9
FIGUREI.5:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINMATHISTON


FINAL April 2014
I:10
FIGUREI.6:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINWALTHALL
Floods resulted in four disaster declarations in Webster County in 1973, twice in 1991, and 2011.
2

2
FINAL April 2014
I:11
National Climatic Data Center reported a total of nine events in Webster County since 1997.
3
A
summaryoftheseeventsispresentedinTableI.4.Theseeventsaccountedfornearly$1.1million(2013
dollars)inpropertydamageinthecounty.Specificinformationonfloodevents,includingdate,typeof
flooding,anddeathsandinjuries,canbefoundinTableI.5.
TABLEI.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Eupora 4 0/0 $142,561
Mantee 0 0/0 $0
Mathiston 1 0/0 $380,031
Walthall 1 0/0 $3,377
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 9 0/0 $1,089,784
TABLEI.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Eupora
EUPORA 02MAY97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
EUPORA 08JUL04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
EUPORA 14SEP07 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $5,970
EUPORA 30APR10 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $136,591
Mantee
NoneReported --
Mathiston
MATHISTON 14JUL05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $380,031
Walthall
WALTHALL 16JUL09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $3,377
UnincorporatedArea
CLARKSON 27FEB09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $562,754
BELLEFONTAINE 01JAN11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $1,061
CADARETTA 09AUG12 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
reported in Webster County through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since 1978, totaling
over$108,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableI.6.It

3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
I:12
additional instances of flood loss in Webster County were either uninsured, denied claims payment, or
notreported.
TABLEI.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Eupora 22 $104,933
Mantee*
Mathiston 0 $0
Walthall*
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 23 $108,564
Source:FEMA,NFIP
AsofMay2013,therearefivenonmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedinWebsterCountywhich
accounted for 16 losses and over $96,000 in claims payments under the NFIP. The average claim
amountforthesepropertiesis$6,021.Ofthefiveproperties,twoaresinglefamilyandthreearenon
residential.Withoutmitigationthesepropertieswilllikelycontinuetoexperiencefloodlosses.TableI.7
presents detailed information on repetitive loss properties and NFIP claims and policies for Webster
County.
TABLEI.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Eupora 5
2single
family,3
non
residential 16 $25,290 $71,044 $96,334 $6,021
Mantee*
Mathiston 0 0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Walthall*
WEBSTERCOUNTY
TOTAL
5 16 $25,290 $71,044 $96,334 $6,021
Flood events will remain a threat in Webster County, and the probability of future occurrences will
FINAL April 2014
I:13
morefloodplainandthusahigherriskoffloodthanthenorthernportionofthecounty.Floodisnotthe
I.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Webster County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concern for erosion in Webster County are primarily rivers and streams. Generally, vegetation helps to
Several sources were vetted to identify areas of erosion in Webster County. This includes searching
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessforWebsterCounty,anditwillcontinueto
I.2.3 Dam Failure
Webster County.
4
Figure 5.7 shows the location of each of these high hazard dams and they are also
listed by name in Table 5.8. According to a consensus of local government officials and the Mitigation
Advisory Committee, a majority of these dams would not pose a major threat in a breach or failure
occurrence.

4
FINAL April 2014
I:14
FIGUREI.7:WEBSTERCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS

FINAL April 2014
I:15
TABLEI.8:WEBSTERCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName
Hazard
Potential
WebsterCounty
MANTEELAKEDAM High
WHITESCREEKNUMBER1DAM High
There is no record of dam breaches in Webster County. However, several breach scenarios in the
I.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Webster County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
WinterweatherhasresultedinonedisasterdeclarationsinWebsterCountyin1999.
5
Accordingtothe
National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of six recorded winter storm events in Webster
Countysince1996(TableI.9).
6
Theseeventsresultedinmorethan$916,000(2013dollars)indamages.
DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableI.10.
7

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Webster County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
I:16
TABLEI.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEI.10:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Eupora
NoneReported
Mantee
NoneReported
Mathiston
NoneReported
Walthall
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
WEBSTERCOUNTY 01FEB96 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 22DEC98 ICESTORM 0/0 $829,407
WEBSTERCOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $86,989
WEBSTERCOUNTY 07MAR08 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 01MAR09 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 25DEC10 WINTERWEATHER 0/0 $0
There have been several severe winter weather events in Webster County. The text below describes
December1998
January2000
ANNEX I: W
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
Powerou
ofvehicle
Winterst
snow and
outages.
accumula

PROBABI
Winterst
annualpr
FIRER

I.2.5 D
LOCATIO
Drought a
political b
drought a
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
twelve of
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
WEBSTER COU
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
utagesweres
esrunningoff
ormsthrough
d debris clean
Furthermore
tionoftoxicf
ILITYOFFUT
ormeventsw
obabilityislik
RELATED
Drought
ONANDSPA
and heat wa
boundaries.
and heat wa
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
gtotheU.S.D
f the last thirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLEI.
rmallyDry
NTY
al Hazard Mit
sporadic,but
f theroadwer
houtthecoun
nup, business
e,citizensmay
fumes.
TUREOCCUR
willcontinue
kely(between
D HAZAR
TIALEXTENT
aves typically
Furthermore,
aves, making
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
DroughtMon
teen years (2
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
11:HISTOR
ModerateDro
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
tigation Plan
travellingwa
rereceived.
ntyhaveseve
s and govern
yresorttous
RRENCES
tooccurinW
n10and100
RDS
T
y cover a larg
, it is assume
the spatial
onstypicallyd
ions.
itor,Webster
20002012).
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
RICALDROUG
ughtSeve
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
asmorethan
eralnegative
nment service
singinapprop
WebsterCoun
percent).
ge area and
ed that Webs
extent poten
donotcauses
rCountyhad
Table I.11 sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
WebsterC
EXCEPTIO
ABNOR
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
MODER
SEVE
justanincon
externalities
e interruption
riateheating
nty.Accordin
cannot be c
ster County w
ntially widesp
significantda
droughtleve
hows the mos
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
RENCESINW
ExtremeDro
County
ONAL
MAL
MAL
NE
MAL
RATE
RE
nvenienceas
includinghy
n, traffic acci
devicesthat
ngtohistorica
confined to a
would be unif
pread. It is
amagetothe
els(including
st severe dro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
WEBSTERCOU
oughtExc
numerousre
pothermia,c
idents, and p
couldtofire
alinformation
any geograph
formly expos
also notable
builtenviron
abnormallyd
ought classific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
UNTY
eptionalDrough
I:17
eports
ostof
power
oran
n,the
hic or
sed to
e that
nment
dry)in
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
FINAL April 2014
I:18
There were no reported drought events for Webster County according to the National Climatic Data
Center.
HeatWave
county.
straightdays.
lastedfromAugust5
th
tothe16
th
.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatWebsterCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
conditions.
HeatWave
2007 EXCEPTIONAL
2008 MODERATE
2009 ABNORMAL
2010 SEVERE
2011 MODERATE
2012 ABNORMAL
FINAL April 2014
I:19
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofWebsterCountyhasaprobability
I.2.6 Wildfire
Figure I.8 shows the Fire Occurrence Areas (FOA) in Webster County based on data from the Southern
FIGUREI.8:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
FINAL April 2014
I:20
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Webster County
indicates that most of these fires are small, averaging eight acres per fire. Table I.12 provides a
summaryofwildfireoccurrencesinWebsterCountyandTableI.13liststhenumberofreportedwildfire
TABLEI.12:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Webster
County
TABLEI.13:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
WebsterCounty
Numberof
Fires
10 13 21 32 33 47 21 26 29 39
Numberof
Acres
Burned
45 90 142 195 514 415 103 191 310 181
Wildfire events will be anongoing occurrence in Webster County. The likelihood of wildfires increases
probabilityassignedtoWebsterCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).

FINAL April 2014
I:21
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

I.2.7 Earthquake
FigureI.9showstheintensitylevelassociatedwithWebsterCounty,basedonthenationalUSGSmapof
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Webster
FIGUREI.9:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008

FINAL April 2014
I:22
Atleast24earthquakesareknowntohaveaffectedWebsterCountysince1874.Thestrongestofthese
measured a V on the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale. Table I.14 provides a summary of
I.15 presents a detailed occurrence of each event including the date, distance for the epicenter, and
ModifiedMercalliIntensity(ifknown).
8
TABLEI.14:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Eupora 1 III <4.8
Mantee 0
Mathiston 0
Walthall 0
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 1 III(slight) <4.8
TABLEI.15:SIGNIFICANTSEISMICEVENTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY(16381985)
Eupora
Eupora 12/17/1931 79.0km Unknown III
Mantee
NoneReported
Mathiston
NoneReported
Walthall
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Webster County is unlikely.

8
FINAL April 2014
I:23
I.2.8 Landslide
Landslidesoccuralongsteepslopeswhenthepullofgravitycannolongerberesisted(oftendueto
heavyrain).Humandevelopmentcanalsoexacerbateriskbybuildingonpreviouslyundevelopable
steepslopes.LandslidesarepossiblethroughoutWebsterCountybutthereisaverylowincidencerate
According to Figure I.10 below, the entire county falls under a low incidence area. This indicates that

FINAL April 2014
I:24
FIGUREI.10:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFWEBSTERCOUNTY
Source:USGS
There is no extensive history of landslides in Webster County. Landslide events typically occur in
isolatedareas.

FINAL April 2014
I:25
events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Webster
ofoccurrence.ItshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasinWebsterCountyhavegreaterriskthanothers
I.2.9 Expansive Soils
Duetotheamountof claymineralspresentinWebsterCounty, expansivesoilspresenta threatto the

county.AreasunderlainbysoilswithswellingpotentialareshowninFigureI.11.Theareasinblueare
FIGUREI.11:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
I:26
ThereisnohistoricalrecordofsignificantexpansivesoileventsinWebsterCounty.However,expansive
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

I.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Webster County. All areas in Webster County are
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 4 category 1 hurricanes and 22 tropical
stormsasshowninFigureI.12.
9
Atotaloffourtrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrength
atthetimetheytraversedthecounty.TableI.16providesthedetailforeachstormthatpassedthrough

9
FINAL April 2014
I:27
FIGUREI.12:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFWEBSTERCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
I:28
TABLEI.16:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFWEBSTERCOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
10
Hurricane
The probability of being impacted is less than coastal areas, but still remains a real threat to Webster
area.

10
FINAL April 2014
I:29
I.2.11 Thunderstorm
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Webster County typically experiences several
assumed that Webster County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumedthatWebsterCountyisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,allareasofthe
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofWebsterCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.
SeverestormsresultedinsixdisasterdeclarationsinWebsterCountyintwicein1991,1992,2001,2003,
and2010.
11
AccordingtoNCDC,therehavebeen98reportedthunderstormandhighwindeventssince
1967inWebsterCounty.
12
Theseeventscausedover$1.3million(2013dollars)indamages.TableI.17
summarizes this information. Table I.18 presents detailed thunderstorm and high wind event reports
includingdate,magnitude,andassociateddamagesforeachevent.
13
TABLEI.17:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Eupora 25 0/0 $339,625
Mantee 7 0/0 $34,582
Mathiston 6 0/0 $10,011
Walthall 7 0/0 $165,607

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Webster County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
I:30
TABLEI.18:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Eupora
Eupora 25JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Eupora 20APR95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $3,314
EUPORA 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $7,865
EUPORA 07JUL97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,146
EUPORA 02MAY97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,719
EUPORA 27JAN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
EUPORA 05JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $15,489
EUPORA 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
EUPORA 16JUL04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 62kts. 0/0 $19,572
EUPORA 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,267
EUPORA 25SEP05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 05AUG05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $19,002
EUPORA 22AUG05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $28,982
EUPORA 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $4,502
EUPORA 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 15JUN10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 20APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $1,061
EUPORA 13JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $106,090
EUPORA 04AUG11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $106,090
Mantee
MANTEE 10NOV98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $6,196
MANTEE 21JUL02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,384
MANTEE 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,720
MANTEE 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $16,883
MANTEE 02MAR12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $2,060
MANTEE 06JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,236
MANTEE 09AUG12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 43kts. 0/0 $103
Mathiston
MATHISTON 13OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
MATHISTON 28AUG04 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
MATHISTON 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,334
MATHISTON 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
MATHISTON 15JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
MATHISTON 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $2,251
Walthall
WALTHALL 16DEC00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,937
FINAL April 2014
I:31
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
WALTHALL 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $130,477
WALTHALL 14JUL05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 06MAY07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 16JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 08JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $11,593
WALTHALL 20DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $20,600
UnincorporatedArea
WEBSTERCOUNTY 24APR67 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 21JUN69 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 09JAN75 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 13MAY76 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 07MAY84 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 19JAN88 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 04MAR89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 21DEC90 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
BELLEFONTAINE 23JUN97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
MONTEVISTA 25OCT97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $31,460
CLARKSON 27FEB99 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,025
GRADY 13JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,469
COUNTYWIDE 20AUG02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,153
BELLEFONTAINE 13MAR03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $13,439
PELLEZ 02JUN03 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $20,159
CLARKSON 11JUN03 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $6,720
TOMNOLEN 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 57kts. 0/0 $13,048
CLARKSON 11APR05 TSTMWIND 68kts. 0/0 $101,342
TOMNOLEN 19JUL06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $24,597
EMBRY 18JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $7,164
CADARETTA 19JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $238,810
BELLEFONTAINE 08JAN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
MONTEVISTA 24MAY08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $4,637
CUMBERLAND 01JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CLARKSON 14JUN08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
PELLEZ 22JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
TOMNOLEN 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $5,796
BELLEFONTAINE 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CLARKSON 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
EMBRY 27FEB09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,126
EUPORAARPT 02APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,126
CLARKSON 10APR09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CADARETTA 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $22,510
FINAL April 2014
I:32
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
BELLEFONTAINE 16JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
EMBRY 30JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $3,377
BELLEFONTAINE 03AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,464
CADARETTA 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
CADARETTA 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $212,180
PELLEZ 16JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,183
WEBSTERCOUNTY 05SEP11 STRONGWIND 39kts. 0/0 $2,122
BELLEFONTAINE 01FEB12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,090
SAPA 31MAY12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,150
PELLEZ 11JUN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $4,120
MONTEVISTA 17OCT12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,150
BELLEFONTAINE 10DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $5,150
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 52 recorded hailstorm events have affected Webster
Countysince1965.
14
TableI.19isasummaryofthehaileventsinWebsterCounty.TableI.20provides
approximately $435,000 (2013 dollars) in property damages. Hail ranged in diameter from 0.75 inches
to 1.75 inches. It should be noted that hail is notorious for causing substantial damage to cars, roofs,
andotherareasofthebuiltenvironmentthatmaynotbereportedtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter.
TABLEI.19:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Eupora 12 0/0 $15,602
Mantee 3 0/0 $15,450
Mathiston 5 0/0 $1,344
Walthall 6 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 52 0/0 $435,023
TABLEI.20:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Eupora
Eupora 11FEB93 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Eupora 16FEB95 0.75in. 0/0 $0

14
hail events have affected Webster County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
I:33
EUPORA 21APR96 1.75in. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 14MAY97 0.75in. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 19MAR98 1.00in. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 27APR98 0.75in. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 10MAR00 1.00in. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 31MAR01 1.00in. 0/0 $14,258
EUPORA 24OCT01 0.88in. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 05MAY03 1.00in. 0/0 $1,344
EUPORA 20APR11 1.00in. 0/0 $0
EUPORA 27APR11 1.50in. 0/0 $0
Mantee
Mantee 01JUL94 0.75 0/0 $0
MANTEE 21APR97 1.75 0/0 $0
MANTEE 02MAR12 1.75 0/0 $15,450
Mathiston
Mathison 28JUL95 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MATHISTON 28MAY98 1.00in. 0/0 $0
MATHISTON 05MAY03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
MATHISTON 22JUN06 0.75in. 0/0 $0
MATHISTON 15JUN07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Walthall
Walthall 27JAN95 0.75 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 21APR96 0.75 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 13MAR05 0.75 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 10MAY06 0.75 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 10MAY07 0.75 0/0 $0
WALTHALL 26MAR11 1.00 0/0 $0
UnincorporatedArea
WEBSTERCOUNTY 26APR65 1.75 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 26MAR76 1.75 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 25MAY80 1.75 0/0 $0
WEBSTERCOUNTY 21MAY87 1.75 0/0 $0
Bellefontaine 27JAN95 0.75 0/0 $0
CLARKSON 02MAY97 0.75 0/0 $0
TOMNOLEN 02MAY97 0.88 0/0 $0
TOMNOLEN 02MAY97 1.00 0/0 $0
BELLEFONTAINE 26AUG00 0.75 0/0 $0
GRADY 31MAR01 1.00 0/0 $11,406
BELLEFONTAINE 13MAR03 0.88 0/0 $1,344
COUNTYWIDE 05MAY03 1.00 0/0 $1,344
COUNTYWIDE 05MAY03 1.00 0/0 $1,344
CLARKSON 17OCT03 0.75 0/0 $1,344
CLARKSON 01APR05 0.75 0/0 $0
CLARKSON 06APR05 0.88 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
I:34
EMBRY 07APR06 1.50 0/0 $368,962
EMBRY 28DEC07 1.00 0/0 $0
CADARETTA 08JAN08 1.00 0/0 $0
EMBRY 02AUG08 0.75 0/0 $0
CLARKSON 09DEC08 0.75 0/0 $0
PELLEZ 05MAY09 1.75 0/0 $16,883
CADARETTA 20APR11 1.75 0/0 $0
CUMBERLAND 20APR11 1.00 0/0 $0
Lightning
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been two recorded lightning events in
WebsterCountysince2012.Theseeventsresultedinmorethan$360,000(2013dollars)indamagesas
listedinsummaryTableI.21.
15
lightningeventscanbefoundinTableI.22.
TABLEI.21:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Eupora 1 0/0 $257,500
Mantee 1 0/0 $103,000
Mathiston 0 0/0 $0
Walthall 0 0/0 $0
TABLEI.22:HISTORICALLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Eupora
EUPORA 18AUG12 0/0 $257,500
AlightningstrikesparkedafireatachurchonTank
HillRoad.Thebuildingwasatotalloss.
Mantee
MANTEE 09AUG12 0/0 $103,000
Ahomewasstruckbylightningresultinginafirethat
burnedthehousedown.
Mathiston
NoneReported

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Webster County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
FINAL April 2014
I:35
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Walthall
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Webster County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
Lightning
Although there was not a high number of historical lightning events reported in Webster County via
),WebsterCountyislocatedinanareaofthecountry
I.2.12 Tornado
Tornadoes occur throughout the state of Mississippi, and thus in Webster County. Tornadoes typically
Therefore,itisassumedthatWebsterCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.

FINAL April 2014
I:36
TornadoesresultedinsevendisasterdeclarationsinWebsterCountyin1973,twicein1991,1992,2001,
2003, and 2011.
16
According to the National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of 13
recordedtornadoeventsinWebsterCountysince1956(TableI.23),resultinginover$20.0million(2013
17
Inaddition,4fatalitiesand30injurieswerereported.Themagnitudeof
these tornadoes ranges from F0 to F3 in intensity, although an F5 event is possible. Detailed
informationonhistorictornadoeventscanbefoundinTableI.24.
TABLEI.23:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Eupora 0 0/0 $0
Mantee 0 0/0 $0
Mathiston 1 0/15 $3,182,700
Walthall 1 0/0 $0
TABLEI.24:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Eupora
None
Reported
Mantee
None
Reported

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Webster County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
I:37
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Mathiston
MATHISTON 27APR11 F3 0/15 $3,182,700
Thistornadotoucheddowninnorthern
ChoctawCountyandeventuallytrackedacross
multiplecountiesasitmovednortheast.Many
thousandsoftreesweresnappedoruprooted
alongthepathofthistornado.Numerousroofs
ofhomeswereseverelydamaged.Numerous
mobilehomeswereseverelydamagedand
severalmobilehomeswerecompletely
destroyed.Numerousbarnsandshedsreceived
heavydamageorweredestroyed.Numerous
powerpolesandpowerlinesweredown.
Extensivedamageoccurredtoaschoolin
Cumberland,WebsterCounty,andthiswasthe
basisfortheEF3rating.Maximumwindswere
around140mph.Totalpathlengthacross
Choctaw,Webster,Clay,Chickasaw,and
MonroeCountieswas59miles.
Walthall
WALTHALL 13MAR06 F0 0/0 $0
Thisweaktornadowaswitnessedbyseveral
peoplebrieflytouchingdownnearLegionLake
thendissipatingasthestormmovedofftothe
eastnortheast.
UnincorporatedArea
WEBSTER
COUNTY 17FEB56 F1 0/0 $232,530
WEBSTER
COUNTY 26NOV73 F3 0/5 $14,214,754
WEBSTER
COUNTY 06JUN74 F0 0/0 $1,281
WEBSTER
COUNTY 20MAR76 F3 1/5 $1,111,264
WEBSTER
COUNTY 12SEP82 F1 0/0 $65,411
WEBSTER
COUNTY 22NOV92 F1 2/0 $449,975
TOMNOLEN 05MAY99 F0 0/0 $0
Thisweaktornadocrossedanopenfieldand
nodamagewasreported.
CLARKSON 13MAR06 F0 0/0 $12,299
Thisweaktornadobrieflytoucheddownjust
northoftheClarksonCommunityandcaused
minorroofdamagetoonehomeanddowneda
fewtrees.
TOMNOLEN 20APR11 F1 0/0 $106,090
Thistornadotoucheddownaroundthe
TomnolenCommunityanddownedmultiple
hardwoodandsoftwoodtreesalongwithsome
roofdamagetoacouplehomes.Maxwinds
werearound100mph.
FINAL April 2014
I:38
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
MONTEVISTA 27APR11 F1 0/0 $21,218
Thetornadosnappedseveraltreesbefore
crossingintoCalhounCounty.Maximumwinds
inWebsterCountywereestimatedat95mph.
ThetornadoendedupproducingEF3damage
withmaximumestimatedwindsof150mph.
Totalpathlengthwas49.9miles.Anaerial
surveyconductedincooperationwithCivilAir
Patroldeterminedthetotalpathlengthofthe
tornado.
SAPA 27APR11 F2 1/5 $636,540
Thetornadocausedextensivedamageto
numerousroofsofhomesandseveredamage
toseveralmobilehomes.Numerousshedsand
barnswereheavilydamaged.Thousandsof
treesweresnappedoruprootedandseveral
powerpolesweresnapped.Agasstationwas
severelydamagedinthecommunityofSapa
andthecanopywascarriedaway.Thistornado
appearstobepartofafamilyoftornadoesthat
hittheChoctaw/Webstercountiesareain
associationwiththesamestorm.Apersonwas
fatallyinjuredwhenatreefellonamobile
homejustwestofMathistoninsoutheastern
WebsterCounty.Maximumwindswerearound
125mph.TotalpathlengthacrossChoctawand
WebsterCountieswas13.3miles.
states of Alabama and Mississippi. During this outbreak, one F3, one F2, and one F1 tornado were
reported in Webster County on April 27, 2011. These tornadoes resulted in 1 fatality, 20 injuries, and
over$3.8million(2013dollars)inpropertydamages.
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Webster County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Webster County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
I.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
WebsterCountyhasoneTRIsite.ThissiteisshowninFigureI.13.

FINAL April 2014
I:39
FIGUREI.13:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Source:EPA
roadways and rail. Many roads in the county are narrow and winding, making hazardous material
transport in the area especially treacherous. All roads that permit hazardous material transport are
consideredpotentiallyatrisktoanincident.
There have been a total of six recorded HAZMAT incidents in Webster County since 1975 (Table I.25),
resulting in over $936,000 in property damages. Table I.26 presents detailed information on historic
HAZMAT incidents in Webster County as reported by the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline
andHazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration(PHMSA).
TABLEI.25:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Eupora 3 0/0 $917,075
Mantee 0 0/0 $0
FINAL April 2014
I:40
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Mathiston 3 0/0 $19,500
Walthall 0 0/0 $0
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEI.26:HAZMATINCIDENTSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Eupora
I1975040120 3/6/1975 EUPORA Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I1995030053 2/11/1994 EUPORA Highway Yes 0/0 $916,800 1,000LGA
I1996091119 8/2/1996 EUPORA Highway No 0/0 $275 1LGA
Mantee
NoneReported
Mathiston
I1975070730 7/18/1975 MATHISTON Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I1995091531 9/25/1995 MATHISTON Highway Yes 0/0 $19,500 4,400LGA
I1980040052 3/10/1980 MATHISTON Highway No 0/0 $0 1LGA
Walthall
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
Source:USDOTPHMSA
Given the location of one toxic release inventory site in Webster County and several roadway and rail
Although there is just one TRI site and a limited record of previous events in the county, hazardous
I.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.WebsterCountychosetoanalyze
FINAL April 2014
I:41
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th
State,"onOctober4
th
widelyrecorded.
19

18
19
FINAL April 2014
I:42
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatWebsterCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof

I.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk
HAZARDEXTENT
Table I.27 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for Webster County. The extent of a

FINAL April 2014
I:43
TABLEI.27:EXTENTOFWEBSTERCOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor10.2percentofthetotallandareainWebsterCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheBigBlackRiverTributarynearEuporain1977.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinWebsterCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).TwodamsareclassifiedashighhazardinWebster
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinWebster
14.0inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.WebsterCountyhasreceived
WebsterCounty.However,thehighestrecordedtemperatureinJackson
Wildfire
occurinWebsterCountyinanyyearwas47in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromWebsterCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
EuporawithaMMIofIII(slight)withacorrelatingRichterScalemeasurementof
lessthan4.8.
FINAL April 2014
I:44
Landslide
inWebsterCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinWebsterCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinWebsterCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughWebsterCountywasatropicalstorm(an
unnamedstormin1923)whichcarriedtropicalforcewindsof46milesperhour
uponarrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinWebsterCountywaslastreported
onFebruary24,2011at70knots(approximately81mph).Itshouldbenotedthat
reportedinWebsterCountywas1.75inches(lastreportedonMarch2,2012).It
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),WebsterCountyis
figures.
Tornado
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinWebsterCountywasanF3(last
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis4,400LGAreleasedonthehighwayinMathiston.Itshouldbenoted
Pandemic
Theextentofapandemicimpacting thecountyisdifficulttoestimate.Itcould
life.
In order to draw some meaningful planning conclusions on hazard risk for Webster County, the results
Section5.16.2.
FINAL April 2014
I:45
Table I.28 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEI.28:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORWEBSTERCOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood Likely Limited Small 6to12hours Lessthan24hours 2.4
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
WindrelatedHazards
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely
I.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Webster County, including the PRI results
identifiedhazardaccordingtothreecategories:HighRisk,ModerateRisk,andLowRisk(TableI.29).For
that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Webster County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionI.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
FINAL April 2014
I:46
TABLEI.29:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORWEBSTERCOUNTY
I.3 WEBSTER COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Webster County to the significant hazards
I.3.1 Asset Inventory
Table I.30 lists the estimated number of improved properties and the total value of improvements for
WebsterCountyanditsparticipatingjurisdictions(studyareaofvulnerabilityassessment).Thisdatawas
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Hailstorm
Drought/HeatWave
MODERATERISK
Flood
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
I:47
TABLEI.30:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Improved
Properties
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Eupora* 903 $259,720,000
Mantee* 81 $18,775,000
Mathiston* 269 $23,151,000
Walthall* 68 $8,729,000
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 5,302 $814,975,000
Table I.31 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities,andschoolslocatedinWebsterCounty.Hazus2.1wasusedtoobtainthecriticalfacilitiesfor
the county and this data was updated to reflect current conditions. In addition, Figure I.14 shows the
locations of essential facilities in Webster County. Table I.45, near the end of this section, shows a
TABLEI.31:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Eupora 1 2 1 0 4
Mantee 0 0 0 0 0
Mathiston 0 0 0 0 1
Walthall 0 0 0 0 0
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 1 2 1 0 5
Source:HazusMH

FINAL April 2014
I:48
FIGUREI.14:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
I.3.2 Social Vulnerability
andassessthoseparticularsegmentsoftheresidentpopulationinWebsterCountythatarepotentially
TableI.32liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
dataispresentedatthecountyandmunicipallevel.ThetotalpopulationinWebsterCountyaccording
toCensusdatais10,253persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionI.1.
FINAL April 2014
I:49
TABLEI.32:TOTALPOPULATIONINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Eupora 2,197
Mantee 232
Mathiston 698
Walthall 144
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 10,253
In addition, Figure I.15 illustrates the population density by census tract as it was reported by the U.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
20

20

FINAL April 2014
I:50
FIGUREI.15:POPULATIONDENSITYINWEBSTERCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
I:51
I.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Webster County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
TableI.31.
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableI.42.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Webster County is susceptible to flood events. A total of nine flood
indamages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$198,212forWebsterCounty.
TABLEI.33:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Eupora N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Maben N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Mantee N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Walthall N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
WEBSTERCOUNTY
TOTAL
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SocialVulnerability
onpopulationatrisktofloodduetotractlevelpopulationdata.FigureI.16ispresentedtogainabetter

FINAL April 2014
I:52
FIGUREI.16:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
The criticalfacilityanalysisrevealed thattherearea nocriticalfacilitieslocatedin the WebsterCounty
TableI.45attheendofthissection.
Webster County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
FINAL April 2014
I:53
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Webster County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are
Figure I.17 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Webster County has very
WebsterCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableI.33showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
I:54
FIGUREI.17:WILDFIRERISKAREASINWEBSTERCOUNTY
TABLEI.34:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
WildfireRisk
Location
Properties
Eupora* 0 $0
Mantee 0 $0
Mathiston* 0 $0
Walthall 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea* 18 $807,000
WEBSTERCOUNTY
TOTAL
18 $807,000
FINAL April 2014
I:55
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableI.45
facilities,andpopulationsinWebsterCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
approximately$820.4millionwhich includesbuildings,inventory,andcontentsthroughoutthecounty.
21
TableI.34summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEI.35:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
WebsterCounty $28,000 $820,426,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities

21
FINAL April 2014
I:56
futureplanupdates.
populations in Webster County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
from an earthquake occurrence. While Webster County may not experience a large earthquake (the
greatest on record is a magnitude III MMI), localized damage is possible with an occurrence. A list of
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableI.43attheendofthissection.
Historical evidence indicates that Webster County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
trackshavecomenearortraversedthroughthecounty,asshownanddiscussedinSectionI.2.10.
22
for the county as shown below in Table I.35. Only
TABLEI.36:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
WebsterCounty $24,000 $820,426,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableI.36.
TABLEI.37:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
WebsterCounty $0 $820,426,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrossWebsterCounty,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeatrisk.Some

22
FINAL April 2014
I:57
TableI.43attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinWebsterCounty.
Although historical evidence and existing Toxic Release Inventory sites indicate that Webster County is
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforWebsterCounty.
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesinWebsterCounty,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysisasshown
in Figure I.18. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
impactpeopleandbuildings,wereusedfortheGISbufferanalysis.FigureI.19showstheareasusedfor
mobile toxic release buffer analysis. The results indicate the approximate number of improved
propertiesandimprovedvalue,asshowninTableI.37(fixedsites)TableI.38(mobilesites).
23

23
FINAL April 2014
I:58
FIGUREI.18:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINWEBSTERCOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEI.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Eupora* 45 $8,062,000 1,045 281,493,000
Mantee 0 $0 0 $0
Mathiston* 0 $0 0 $0
Walthall 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea* 14 $1,386,000 135 $15,236,000
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 59 $9,448,000 1,180 $296,729,000

FINAL April 2014
I:59
FIGUREI.19:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINWEBSTERCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
I:60
TABLEI.39:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Improved
Properties
Approx.
Improved
Value
Eupora* 2,603 $814,087,000 3,838 $1,042,419,000
Maben* 147 $12,153,000 481 $36,239,000
Mantee 0 $0 0 $0
Mathiston* 1,793 $251,972,000 2,836 $308,802,000
Walthall 0 $0 0 $0
UnincorporatedArea* 1,859 $224,601,000 3,943 $425,409,000
WEBSTERCOUNTYTOTAL 6,402 $1,302,813,000 11,098 $1,812,869,000
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for fixed TRI sites revealed that there are seven Webster County facilities
locatedinaHAZMATriskzone.Allofthesefacilitiesarelocatedinthesecondarybufferarea.Alistof
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableI.45attheendofthissection.
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Webster County revealed that there are 9
foundinTableI.45attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Webster County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at
Table I.39 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Webster County. Due to the
FINAL April 2014
I:61
region.
TABLEI.40:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORWEBSTERCOUNTY
Event
Webster
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $198,212
Erosion Negligible
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $28,000
WindrelatedHazards
Hail $10,056
Lightning $360,500
Tornado $1,886,988
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableI.40showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
I:62


FINAL April 2014
I:63
TABLEI.41:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINWEBSTERCOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
4
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
WEBSTERCOUNTY

EuporaFireDepartment
Fire
Station
WebsterHealthServices
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X X X
EuporaPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
WebsterCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
WebsterCoCareer&TechnolCtr School
X X X X X X X X X X
EuporaElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
EuporaJuniorHighSchool School
EuporaHighSchool School
EastWebsterElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X

24

FINAL April 2014
I:64
I.4 WEBSTER COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection discusses the capability of Webster County to implement hazard mitigation activities.
I.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableI.41providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
under development for Webster County. A checkmark () indicates that the given item is currently in
MitigationPlan.
TABLEI.42:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
WEBSTER
COUNTY

Eupora
Mantee
Mathiston
Walthall
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
Webster County has previously adopted a hazard mitigation plan. The Town of Eupora, the Village of
Mantee,theTownofMathiston,andtheVillageofWalthallwerealsoincludedinthisplan.

FINAL April 2014
I:65
WebsterCountymaintainsanemergencyoperationsplanthroughitsEmergencyManagementAgency.
TheTownofEupora,theVillageofMantee,theTownofMathiston,andtheVillageofWalthallareeach
coveredbythisplan.
GENERALPLANNING
Webster County has not adopted a county comprehensive land use plan. However, the City of Eupora
adoptedacommunitydevelopmentplanin1974.
ZoningOrdinance
Webster County does not have a zoning ordinance in place. However, the City of Eupora adopted a
zoningordinancein1973.
WebsterCountydoesnot haveasubdivisionordinanceinplace. However,theCityofEuporaadopted
Webster County has not adopted a building code; however, the Town of Mathiston has adopted a
buildingcode.
Table I.42 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Webster
County.
TABLEI.43:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
WEBSTERCOUNTY 9/18/85 1/6/10(M) 3 $241,200 1 $3,631
Eupora 6/17/86 1/6/10(M) 0 $0 22 $104,933
Mantee*
Mathiston 9/29/86 1/6/10(M) 2 $640,000 0 $0
Walthall*

FINAL April 2014
I:66
ordinance. Webster County, the City of Eupora and the Town of Mathiston all participate in the NFIP
andhaveadoptedflooddamagepreventionordinances.
I.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
Table I.43 provides a summary of the capability assessment results for Webster County with regard to
TABLEI.44:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
WEBSTERCOUNTY
Eupora
Mantee
Mathiston
Walthall

FINAL April 2014
I:67
I.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table I.44 provides a summary of the results for Webster County with regard to relevant fiscal
TABLEI.45:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
WEBSTER
COUNTY

Eupora
Mantee
Mathiston
Walthall
I.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Webster County is more
I.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table I.45 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology

FINAL April 2014
I:68
TABLEI.46:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
WEBSTERCOUNTY 20 Moderate
Eupora 21 Moderate
Mantee 8 Limited
Mathiston 17 Limited
Walthall 8 Limited
I.5 WEBSTER COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforWebsterCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerable
I.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Webster County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableI.46.
TABLEI.47:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6

FINAL April 2014
I:69
I.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
ThemitigationactionsproposedbyWebsterCounty,theCityofEupora,theVillageofMantee,theTown
ofMathiston,andtheVillageofWalthallarelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
I:70
Webster County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.

FINAL April 2014
I:71
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
I:72
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
I:73
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6

FINAL April 2014
I:74
City of Eupora Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.

FINAL April 2014
I:75
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuture
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
I:76
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty

FINAL April 2014
I:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
DR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsFL=FloodHU=HurricaneT=TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/IceET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake

FINAL April 2014
I:78
Village of Mantee Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.

FINAL April 2014
I:79
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuture
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
I:80
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty

FINAL April 2014
I:81
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
DR=DroughtES=ExpansiveSoilsFL=FloodHU=HurricaneT =TornadoWF=WildfireS/I=Snow/IceET=ExtremeTemperaturesEQ=Earthquake

FINAL April 2014
I:82
Town of Mathiston Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.

FINAL April 2014
I:83
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
developments.
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
I:84
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.

FINAL April 2014
I:85
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6


FINAL April 2014
I:86
Village of Walthall Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
InsuranceProgram
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P2
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
P3
drills.
HU High
General
Funds,
County
EMA
P4
WF High
State
Rebate,
CountyTax
$45,000
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PropertyProtection
PP1
ES High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
5years Ongoing
PP2
houseandpowerlines.

FINAL April 2014
I:87
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PP3
forfuture
EQ,FL High N/A N/A
Code
Compliance
Officer
Ongoing Ongoing
EmergencyServices
ES1
ManagementPlan.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
ES2
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES3
warningsirens.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES4
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
25%of
grants
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing
ES5
All High
FEMA,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
I:88
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Ongoing
PEA2
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty
PEA3
televisionstations.
PEA4
precautions.
PEA5
andheatstrokes.
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty

FINAL April 2014
I:89
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
PEA6
Partneringwith
schoolsandCounty

Annex J
Winston County
FINAL April 2014
J:1
This annex includes jurisdictionspecific information for Winston County and its participating
J.1WinstonCountyCommunityProfile
J.2WinstonCountyRiskAssessment
J.3WinstonCountyVulnerabilityAssessment
J.4WinstonCountyCapabilityAssessment
J.5WinstonCountyMitigationStrategy
J.1 WINSTON COUNTY COMMUNITY PROFILE

J.1.1 Geography and the Environment
Winston County is located in east central Mississippi. It comprises two municipalities, the City of
Louisville and the Town of Noxapater, as well as a couple small unincorporated communities. An
orientationmapisprovidedasFigureJ.1.
ThecountyissituatedintherollingRedHillsofMississippiandisthesiteofNanihWaiya,anancient
mound built between the year AD 1 and AD 300. The total area of the county is 610 square miles, 3
squaremilesofwhichiswaterarea.
upper60s.Wintertemperaturesrangefromhighsinthemid50stolowsaround31F.Averageannual
rainfallisapproximately57inches,withthewettestmonthsbeingDecember,February,andMay.
ANNEX J: WINSTON COUNTY

FINAL April 2014
I:2
FIGUREJ.1:WINSTONCOUNTYORIENTATIONMAP
J.1.2 Population and Demographics
Accordingtothe2010Census,WinstonCountyhasapopulationof19,198people.Thecountyhasseen
almost 5% decline in population between 2000 and 2010, and the population density is 32 people per
bothoftheparticipatingjurisdictionsarepresentedinTableJ.1.
TABLEJ.1:POPULATIONCOUNTSFORWINSTONCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
1990Census
Population
2000Census
Population
2010Census
Population
%Change
20002010
WinstonCounty 19,433 20,160 19,198 4.8%
Louisville 7,169 7,006 6,631 5.4%
Noxapater 441 419 472 12.6%
Based on the 2010 Census, the median age of residents of Winston County is 39.5 years. The racial
characteristics of the county are presented in Table J.2. Whites make up a slight majority of the
populationinthecounty,withblacksaccountingfornearly46percentofthepopulation.
FINAL April 2014
I:3
TABLEJ.2:DEMOGRAPHICSOFWINSTONCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
WhitePersons,
Percent(2010)
BlackPersons,
Percent(2010)
American
Indianor
AlaskaNative,
Percent(2010)
OtherRace,
Percent
(2010)
Personsof
HispanicOrigin,
Percent(2010)*
WinstonCounty 51.9% 45.6% 1.1% 2.6% 1.0%
Louisville 36.5% 61.6% 0.3% 1.6% 0.8%
Noxapater 61.0% 37.7% 0.2% 1.1% 2.5%
J.1.3 Housing
According to the 2010 US Census, there are 8,745 housing units in Winston County, the majority of
whicharesinglefamilyhomesormobilehomes.Housinginformationforthecountyandtwotownsis
presented in Table J.3. As shown in the table, the two incorporated towns have a slightly lower
TABLEJ.3:HOUSINGCHARACTERISTICSOFWINSTONCOUNTY
Jurisdiction
HousingUnits
(2000)
HousingUnits
(2010)
SeasonalUnits,
Percent(2010)
MedianHome
Value(20062010)
WinstonCounty 8,472 8,745 3.1% $75,100
Louisville 2,884 2,870 1.2% $77,800
Noxapater 191 221 0.9% $47,900
J.1.4 Infrastructure

TRANSPORTATION
In Winston County, State Highway 25 provides access to the north and south and passes through
LouisvilleandNoxapater,linkingthecountytoChoctawCountyandNeshobaCounty.StateHighway25
travels in a northeasterly direction through Louisville, connecting the county to neighboring Oktibbeha
CountyandLeakeCounty.StateHighway14,whichcrosseseastandwest,alsopassesthroughLouisville
andconnectsthecountytoAttalaCountyandNoxubeeCounty.
The Louisville Winston County Airport provides limited local service and regional air travel connections
are available through Golden Triangle Regional Airport in Lowndes County. The closest international
airportisinJackson,approximately100milesawayfromthecounty.
offeredatthistime.
UTILITIES

FINAL April 2014
I:4
Electrical power in Winston County is provided by Tennessee Valley Authority and several local
distributors,includingtheCityofLouisvilleandEastMississippiElectricPowerAssociation(EPA).
WaterandsewerserviceisprovidedtoresidentsbytheCityofLouisvilleandtheTownofNoxapateras
wellasvarietyofliftstationsandruralwaterassociations.
COMMUNITYFACILITIES
There are a number of buildings and community facilities located throughout Winston County.
TherearetwohospitalslocatedinWinstonCounty.ThelargerofthetwoisWinstonMedicalCenter,a
30bed medicalsurgical hospital located in the City of Louisville. The smaller of the two is Diamond
GroverCenter,a25bedmedicalsurgicalhospitalalsolocatedintheCityofLouisville.
Recreational opportunities in Winston County are available at Lake Tiak Okhata, Legion State Park, Ivy
Park, and the Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge. Activities include hunting, fishing, swimming, tennis,
basketball,volleyball,baseball,hiking,picnicking,andcamping,hunting.
J.1.5 Land Use
Many areas of Winston County are undeveloped or sparsely developed. There are several small
J.1.6 Employment and Industry
AccordingtotheMississippiEmploymentSecurityCommission,in2012,WinstonCountyhadanaverage
9.2 percent for the state). In 2012, the Manufacturing industry employed the most people, with 32.1
percentoftheworkforce,followedbyRetailTrade(24.1%)andEducationServices(13.8%).Theaverage
annualwagein2012forWinstonCountywas$35,204comparedto$37,440fortheStateofMississippi.
J.2 WINSTON COUNTY RISK ASSESSMENT
Identification as they pertain to Winston County. Each hazard profile includes a description of the

FINAL April 2014
I:5
J.2.1 Flood
ThereareareasinWinstonCountythataresusceptibletofloodevents.Specialfloodhazardareasinthe
Maps (DFIRM).
1
analysis, of the 619 square miles that make up Winston County, there are 85 square miles of land in
zonesAandAE(1percentannualchancefloodplain/100yearfloodplain)and0.1squaremilesoflandin
These flood zone values account for 13.7 percent of the total land area in Winston County. It is
relatedlossesoftendooccuroutsideofdelineatedspecialfloodhazardareas.FigureJ.2,FigureJ.3,and
FigureJ.4illustratesthelocationandextentofcurrentlymappedspecialfloodhazardareasforWinston
County, the City of Louisville, and the Town of Noxapater based on best available FEMA Digital Flood
InsuranceRateMap(DFIRM)data.

1
Thecounty-level DFIRM dataused for Winston County were updated in 2010.

FINAL April 2014
I:6
FIGUREJ.2:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINWINSTONCOUNTY


FINAL April 2014
I:7
FIGUREJ.3:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINLOUISVILLE


FINAL April 2014
I:8
FIGUREJ.4:SPECIALFLOODHAZARDAREASINNOXAPATER


FINAL April 2014
I:9
FloodsresultedintwodisasterdeclarationsinWinstonCountyin1979and2011.
2
Informationfromthe
NationalClimaticDataCenterwasusedtoascertainhistoricalfloodevents.TheNationalClimaticData
Center reported a total of 13 events in Winston County since 1997.
3
A summary of these events is
presented in Table J.4. These events accounted for more than $1.7 million (2013 dollars) in property
damageinthecounty.Specificinformationonfloodevents,includingdate,typeofflooding,anddeaths
andinjuries,canbefoundinTableJ.5.
TABLEJ.4:SUMMARYOFFLOODOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Noxapater 4 0/0 $309,000
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 13 0/0 $1,707,069
TABLEJ.5:HISTORICALFLOODEVENTSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Louisville
LOUISVILLE 06APR03 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $134,392
LOUISVILLE 16JUN04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 26JUN04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 28AUG04 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $104,382
LOUISVILLE 21SEP09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $225,102
LOUISVILLE 05SEP11 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $5,305
Noxapater
NOXAPATER 13JUL97 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 22MAR12 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $103,000
UnincorporatedArea
COUNTYWIDE 29AUG05 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $760,062
RURALHILL 06JAN09 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $168,826
FEARNSSPGS 27JUL12 FLASHFLOOD 0/0 $0
reported in Winston County through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) since 1978, totaling

2
3
unreported.
FINAL April 2014
I:10
over$161,000inclaimspayments.AsummaryofthesefiguresforthecountyisprovidedinTableJ.6.It
additional instances of flood loss in Winston County were either uninsured, denied claims payment, or
notreported.
TABLEJ.6:SUMMARYOFINSUREDFLOODLOSSESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Louisville 10 $161,220
Noxapater*
UnincorporatedArea 0 0
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 10 $161,220
Source:FEMA,NFIP
AsofMay2013,therearetwononmitigatedrepetitivelosspropertieslocatedinWinstonCountywhich
accounted for 4 losses and over $137,000 in claims payments under the NFIP. The average claim
amount for these properties is $34,379. Of the two properties, one is single family and one is non
residential.Withoutmitigationthesepropertieswilllikelycontinuetoexperiencefloodlosses.TableJ.7
presents detailed information on repetitive loss properties and NFIP claims and policies for Winston
County.
TABLEJ.7:REPETITIVELOSSPROPERTIESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Properties
Typesof
Properties
Number
ofLosses
Building
Payments
Content
Payments
Total
Payments
Average
Payment
Louisville 2
1single
family,1
non
residential 4 $137,517 $0 $137,517 $34,379
Noxapater*
WINSTONCOUNTY
TOTAL
2 4 $137,517 $0 $137,517 $34,379
Flood events will remain a threat in Winston County, and the probability of future occurrences will
FINAL April 2014
I:11
morefloodplainandthusahigherriskoffloodthanthenorthernportionofthecounty.Floodisnotthe
J.2.2 Erosion
Erosion in Winston County is typically caused by flash flooding events. Unlike coastal areas, areas of
concern for erosion in Winston County are primarily rivers and streams. Generally, vegetation helps to
SeveralsourceswerevettedtoidentifyareasoferosioninWinstonCounty.Thisincludessearchinglocal
Erosionremainsanatural,dynamic,andcontinuousprocessforWinstonCounty,anditwillcontinueto
J.2.3 Dam Failure
AccordingtotheMississippiDivisionofEnvironmentalQuality,thereisonehighhazarddaminWinston
County.
4
Figure5.5showsthelocationofthishighhazarddamanditisalsolistedbynameinTable5.8.
According to a consensus of local government officials and the Mitigation Advisory Committee, a
majorityofthesedamswouldnotposeamajorthreatinabreachorfailureoccurrence.

4
FINAL April 2014
I:12
FIGUREJ.5:WINSTONCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMLOCATIONS

FINAL April 2014
I:13
TABLEJ.8:WINSTONCOUNTYHIGHHAZARDDAMS
DamName
Hazard
Potential
WinstonCounty
LAKETIAKOKHATA High
ThereisnorecordofdambreachesinWinstonCounty.However,severalbreachscenariosinthecounty
J.2.4 Winter Storm and Freeze

winter weather. Winston County is not accustomed to severe winter weather conditions and rarely
Winter weather has resulted in one disaster declaration in Winston County in 1999.
5
According to the
National Climatic Data Center, there have been a total of six recorded winter storm events in Winston
County since 1996 (Table J.9).
6
DetailedinformationontherecordedwinterstormeventscanbefoundinTableJ.10.
7

5
Identification.
6
certain that additional winter storm conditions have affected Winston County.
7
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
I:14
TABLEJ.9:SUMMARYOFWINTERSTORMEVENTSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
TABLEJ.10:HISTORICALWINTERSTORMIMPACTSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Louiville
NoneReported
Noxapater
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
WINSTONCOUNTY 01FEB96 ICESTORM 0/0 $160,911
WINSTONCOUNTY 14DEC97 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $4,916
WINSTONCOUNTY 21DEC00 ICESTORM 0/0 $1,958
WINSTONCOUNTY 27JAN00 HEAVYSNOW 0/0 $86,989
WINSTONCOUNTY 20FEB06 ICESTORM 0/0 $158,193
WINSTONCOUNTY 07JAN10 WINTERSTORM 0/0 $27,318
There have been several severe winter weather events in Winston County. The text below describes
January2000

WinterstormeventswillcontinuetooccurinWinstonCounty.Accordingtohistoricalinformation,the
ANNEX J: W
MEMA Dis
FINAL Ap
FIRER

J.2.5 D
LOCATIO
Drought a
political b
drought a
droughta
butmaye
HISTORIC
Drought
According
twelve of
for each
Drought
severity.
countym
Abnor
There we
Center.
WINSTON COUN
strict 4 Region
pril 2014
RELATED
Drought
ONANDSPA
and heat wa
boundaries.
and heat wa
andextremeh
exacerbatew
CALOCCURR
gtotheU.S.D
f the last thirt
year, accord
Monitor also
Forexample
ayactuallybe
TABLEJ.
rmallyDry
ere no report
NTY
al Hazard Mit
D HAZAR
TIALEXTENT
aves typically
Furthermore,
aves, making
heatconditio
ildfireconditi
RENCES
DroughtMon
teen years (2
ding to U.S.
o estimates w
,themostse
einalesssev
11:HISTOR
ModerateDro
ted drought e
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source:U
tigation Plan
RDS
T
y cover a larg
, it is assume
the spatial
onstypicallyd
ions.
nitor,Winston
20002012).
Drought Mo
what percent
evereclassific
verecondition
RICALDROUG
ughtSeve
events for W
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
U.S.DroughtMon
ge area and
ed that Winst
extent poten
donotcauses
nCountyhad
Table J.11 sh
nitor classific
tage of the c
cationreporte
n.
GHTOCCURR
ereDrought
Winston Coun
WinstonC
EXCEPTIO
ABNOR
ABNOR
NON
ABNOR
ABNOR
SEVE
EXCEPTIO
SEVE
ABNOR
SEVE
MODER
ABNOR
nitor
cannot be c
ton County w
ntially widesp
significantda
droughtleve
hows the mos
cations. It s
county is in
edmaybeex
RENCESINW
ExtremeDro
nty according
County
ONAL
MAL
MAL
NE
MAL
MAL
RE
ONAL
RE
MAL
RE
RATE
MAL
confined to a
would be unif
pread. It is
amagetothe
els(including
st severe dro
should be no
each classifi
xceptionalbu
WINSTONCOU
oughtExc
to the Natio
any geograph
formly expos
also notable
builtenviron
abnormallyd
ought classific
oted that the
cation of dro
tamajorityo
UNTY
eptionalDrough
onal Climatic
I:15
hic or
sed to
e that
nment
dry)in
cation
e U.S.
ought
ofthe
ht
Data
FINAL April 2014
I:16
HeatWave
county.
straightdays.
lastedfromAugust5
th
tothe16
th
.
Drought
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatWinstonCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof
conditions.
HeatWave
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatallofWinstonCountyhasaprobability
J.2.6 Wildfire
Figure J.6 shows the Fire Occurrence Areas (FOA) in Winston County based on data from the Southern

FINAL April 2014
I:17
FIGUREJ.6:HISTORICWILDFIREEVENTSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Based on data from the Mississippi Forestry Commission from 2002 to 2011, Winston County
indicates that most of these fires are small, averaging thirteen acres per fire. Table J.12 provides a
summaryofwildfireoccurrencesinWinstonCountyandTableJ.13liststhenumberofreportedwildfire
TABLEJ.12:SUMMARYTABLEOFANNUALWILDFIREOCCURRENCES(20022011)*
Winston
County

FINAL April 2014
I:18
TABLEJ.13:HISTORICALWILDFIREOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
WinstonCounty
Numberof
Fires
40 33 72 77 73 83 28 21 32 38
Numberof
Acres
Burned
271 294 590 666 1484 1292 441 470 383 675
Wildfire events will be an ongoing occurrence in Winston County. The likelihood of wildfires increases
probabilityassignedtoWinstonCountyforfuturewildfireeventsislikely(a10and100percentannual
probability).
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

J.2.7 Earthquake
FigureJ.7showstheintensitylevelassociatedwithWinstonCounty,basedonthenationalUSGSmapof
investigations of earthquake, geomagnetic, and landslide hazards. According to this map, Winston

FINAL April 2014
I:19
FIGUREJ.7:PEAKACCELERATIONWITH10PERCENTPROBABILITYOFEXCEEDANCEIN50YEARS
Source:USGS,2008
NoearthquakesareknowntohaveaffectedWinstonCountysince1638.TableJ.14providesasummary
ofearthquakeeventsreportedbytheNationalGeophysicalDataCenterbetween1638and1985.
8
TABLEJ.14:SUMMARYOFSEISMICACTIVITYINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
GreatestMMI
Reported
RichterScale
Equivalent
Louisville 0
Noxapater 0
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 0

8
FINAL April 2014
I:20
The probability of significant, damaging earthquake events affecting Winston County is unlikely.
J.2.8 Landslide
steepslopes.LandslidesarepossiblethroughoutWinstonCountybutthereisaverylowincidencerate
AccordingtoFigureJ.8below,theentirecountyfallsunderalowincidencearea.Thisindicatesthatless
than1.5percentoftheareaisinvolvedinlandsliding.

FINAL April 2014
I:21
FIGUREJ.8:LANDSLIDESUSCEPTIBILITYANDINCIDENCEMAPOFWINSTONCOUNTY
Source:USGS
There is no extensive history of landslides in Winston County. Landslide events typically occur in
isolatedareas.

FINAL April 2014
I:22
events is unlikely (less than 1 percent probability). The USGS data indicates that all areas in Winston
ofoccurrence.ItshouldalsobenotedthatsomeareasinWinstonCountyhavegreaterriskthanothers
J.2.9 Expansive Soils
Due to the amount of clay minerals present in Winston County, expansive soils present a threat to the
county. Areas underlain by soils with swelling potential are shown in Figure J.9. The areas in blue are
FIGUREJ.9:SWELLINGCLAYSINMISSISSIPPI
Source:USGS

FINAL April 2014
I:23
ThereisnohistoricalrecordofsignificantexpansivesoileventsinWinstonCounty.However,expansive
WINDRELATED HAZARDS

J.2.10 Hurricane and Tropical Storm
felt hundreds of miles inland and they can affect Winston County. All areas in Winston County are
passed within 75 miles of the county since 1851. This included 1 category 3 hurricane (Camille), 1
category 2 hurricane (Frederic ), 3 category 1 hurricanes, and 29 tropical storms as shown in Figure
J.10.
9
Atotalofeighttrackspasseddirectlythroughthecounty.Theseeventswerealltropicalstormstrength
atthetimetheytraversedthecounty.TableJ.15providesthedetailforeachstormthatpassedthrough

9
FINAL April 2014
I:24
FIGUREJ.10:HISTORICALHURRICANESTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFWINSTONCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
I:25
TABLEJ.15:HISTORICALSTORMTRACKSWITHIN75MILESOFWINSTONCOUNTY
(18502008)
MaximumWindSpeed
(milesperhour)
StormCategory
9/26/2002 ISIDORE 46 TropicalStorm
Federal records indicate that four disaster declarations were made in 2004 (Hurricane Ivan), 2005
(HurricanesDennisandKatrina),and2012(HurricaneIsaac).
10
Hurricaneandtropicalstormeventscan
causesubstantialdamageintheareaduetohighwindsandflooding.

10
FINAL April 2014
I:26
The probability of being impacted is less than coastal areas, but still remains a real threat to Winston
area.
J.2.11 Thunderstorm
FINAL April 2014
I:27
favorable for generating these powerful storms. Also, Winston County typically experiences several
assumed that Winston County has uniform exposure to an event and the spatial extent of an impact
couldbelarge.
Hailstorm
assumedthatWinstonCountyisuniformlyexposedtoseverethunderstorms;therefore,allareasofthe
Lightning
strike.ItisassumedthatallofWinstonCountyisuniformlyexposedtolightning.
Severe storms resulted in three disaster declarations in Winston County in 1979, 2001, and 2011.
11
According to NCDC, there have been 104 reported thunderstorm and high wind events since 1964 in
Winston County.
12
These events caused over $13.9 million (2013 dollars) in damages. Table J.16
summarizes this information. Table J.17 presents detailed thunderstorm and high wind event reports
includingdate,magnitude,andassociateddamagesforeachevent.
13
TABLEJ.16:SUMMARYOFTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Louisville 42 0/0 $12,923,754
Noxapater 11 0/0 $41,953
TABLEJ.17:HISTORICALTHUNDERSTORM/HIGHWINDOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Louisville
Louisville 27MAR94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Louisville 09JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
Louisville 13JUN94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,523
Louisville 20APR95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $16,572
Louisville 20APR95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,286

11
12
additional thunderstorm events have occurred in Winston County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile
will be amended.
13
for the county.
FINAL April 2014
I:28
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Louisville 26JUL95
THUNDERSTORMWINDS
HAIL 1kts. 0/0 $3,314
Louisville 11NOV95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $4,972
LOUISVILLE 20APR96 TSTMWIND 0v 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 22APR96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $32,182
LOUISVILLE 07NOV96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $8,046
LOUISVILLE 21FEB97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,573
LOUISVILLE 05JUN98 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,098
LOUISVILLE 20JUL00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,937
LOUISVILLE 10AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,469
LOUISVILLE 11OCT01 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 24OCT01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
LOUISVILLE 16FEB01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $228,122
LOUISVILLE 04JUN01 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,426
LOUISVILLE 21JUL02 TSTMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 10NOV02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $2,768
LOUISVILLE 13JAN05 TSTMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $12,668
LOUISVILLE 10MAY06 TSTMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 21AUG06 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 21AUG06 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 80kts. 0/0 $12,298,739
LOUISVILLE 03FEB06 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 04APR07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 24FEB07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $1,194
LOUISVILLE 23AUG07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $29,851
LOUISVILLE 05JAN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $14,329
LOUISVILLE 22JUL08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $5,796
LOUISVILLE 14AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 06JUL12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $15,450
LOUISVILLE 10DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $25,750
Noxapater
NOXAPATER 19JUN96 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $3,218
NOXAPATER 04JUL97 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $4,719
NOXAPATER 10AUG00 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,469
NOXAPATER 30JUL02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,384
NOXAPATER 19JUN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $5,970
NOXAPATER 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 58kts. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 09OCT09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,377
FINAL April 2014
I:29
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
NOXAPATER 04APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,183
NOXAPATER 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 24FEB11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,183
NOXAPATER 08JAN12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $15,450
UnincorporatedArea
WINSTONCOUNTY 24DEC64 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 01APR70 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 04JUN70 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 23NOV83 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 10MAY86 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 22MAY88 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 20FEB89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 29MAR89 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 02JUL90 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 21AUG93 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $8,745
WINSTONCOUNTY 27MAR94 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $852
HighPoint 11NOV95 THUNDERSTORMWINDS 0kts. 0/0 $3,314
BOON 08APR02 TSTMWIND 0kts. 0/0 $1,384
BETHEDEN 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $6,524
RURALHILL 07DEC04 TSTMWIND 57kts. 0/0 $13,048
FEARNSSPGS 20APR05 TSTMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
HINZE 09MAR06 TSTMWIND 70kts. 0/0 $491,950
PLATTSBURG 19JUL06 TSTMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
FEARNSSPGS 05JAN07 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $11,941
WINSTONCOUNTY 05FEB08 STRONGWIND 39kts. 0/0 $580
FEARNSSPGS 06FEB08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $0
HIGHPT 06FEB08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $0
LOAKFOMA 02AUG08 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $28,892
MCMILLAN 06MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $168,826
HINZE 06MAY09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $168,826
BETHEDEN 12JUN09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $0
PLATTSBURG 30JUL09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 60kts. 0/0 $3,377
ZAMA 08DEC09 THUNDERSTORMWIND 65kts. 0/0 $5,628
FINAL April 2014
I:30
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
ROSS 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $10,927
MCMILLAN 15AUG10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
RURALHILL 29NOV10 THUNDERSTORMWIND 52kts. 0/0 $13,113
MCMILLAN 04APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 55kts. 0/0 $3,183
FEARNSSPGS 27APR11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 53kts. 0/0 $0
MCMILLAN 13JUN11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $7,426
BOON 12JUL11 THUNDERSTORMWIND 43kts. 0/0 $1,061
BETHEDEN 30MAY12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $41,200
BOON 03SEP12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 54kts. 0/0 $10,300
PLATTSBURG 20DEC12 THUNDERSTORMWIND 50kts. 0/0 $3,090
Hailstorm
According to the National Climatic Data Center, 87 recorded hailstorm events have affected Winston
Countysince1970.
14
TableJ.18isasummaryofthehaileventsinWinstonCounty.TableJ.19provides
approximately $483,000 (2013 dollars) in property damages. There were also a report of one injury.
Hail ranged in diameter from 0.75 inches to 2.75 inches. It should be noted that hail is notorious for
causing substantial damage to cars, roofs, and other areas of the built environment that may not be
reportedtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter.Therefore,itislikelythatdamagesaregreaterthanthe
reportedvalue.
TABLEJ.18:SUMMARYOFHAILOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Louisville 37 0/0 $422,329
Noxapater 15 0/0 $47,505
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 87 0/1 $483,131
TABLEJ.19:HISTORICALHAILOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Louisville
Louisville 30MAR93 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Louisville 15APR94 0.75in. 0/0 $0

14
hail events have affected Winston County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be amended.
FINAL April 2014
I:31
Louisville 01JUL94 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Louisville 01JUL94 0.88in. 0/0 $0
Louisville 27JAN95 1.75in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 18OCT96 1.75in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 20APR96 0.88in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 12DEC96 0.88in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 18MAR96 1.00in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 18MAR96 1.75in. 0/0 $160,911
LOUISVILLE 21OCT97 0.75in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 04MAY02 0.75in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 14JUL03 1.00in. 0/0 $6,720
LOUISVILLE 03MAY03 0.75in. 0/0 $1,344
LOUISVILLE 16JUL04 0.75in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 22APR05 2.75in. 0/0 $253,354
LOUISVILLE 04DEC05 0.88in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 21AUG06 0.88in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 09MAY06 1.00in. 0/0 $0
LOUISVILLE 02AUG08 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Noxapater
Noxapater 30MAR93 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Noxupater 10APR94 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Noxapater 14MAY94 1.00in. 0/0 $0
Noxapater 14MAY94 0.75in. 0/0 $0
Noxapater 28JUL95 1.00in. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 18MAR96 1.00in. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 22JAN99 0.75in. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 20MAY05 0.75in. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 22APR05 1.25in. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 03APR06 1.75in. 0/0 $36,896
NOXAPATER 14APR07 0.75in. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 12FEB08 0.75in. 0/0 $0
NOXAPATER 24JUN11 1.00in. 0/0 $10,609
FINAL April 2014
I:32
UnincorporatedArea
WINSTONCOUNTY 04JUN70 1.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 17FEB86 1.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 17FEB86 0.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 30JUL86 1.75 0/1 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 08NOV89 1.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 21MAY90 1.00 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 30JUL90 0.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 02MAR91 0.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 09APR91 0.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 10OCT92 0.88 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 10OCT92 0.75 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTY 15MAY95 1.00 0/0 $0
WINSTON 31MAR01 0.75 0/0 $0
FEARNSSPGS 22FEB03 1.00 0/0 $1,344
FEARNSSPGS 24APR03 0.75 0/0 $1,344
FEARNSSPGS 10JAN08 0.75 0/0 $0
FEARNSSPGS 12FEB08 0.88 0/0 $0
BOON 15MAR08 0.75 0/0 $0
BOON 02AUG08 1.00 0/0 $0
ZAMA 02APR09 0.75 0/0 $0
ROSS 02APR09 0.75 0/0 $0
Lightning
AccordingtotheNationalClimaticDataCenter,therehasbeenonerecordedlightningeventinWinston
County since 2007. This event resulted in more than $358,000 (2013 dollars) in damages as listed in
summaryTableJ.20.
15
However,itislikelythatmorelightningeventshaveinfactimpactedthecounty.
Manyofthereportedeventsarethosethatcauseddamage,anditshouldbeexpectedthatdamagesare
likely much higher for this hazard than what is reported. Detailed information on historical lightning
eventscanbefoundinTableJ.21.

15
additional lightning events have occurred in Winston County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will
be amended.
FINAL April 2014
I:33
TABLEJ.20:SUMMARYOFLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Noxapater 0 0/0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 1 0/0 $358,216
TABLEJ.21:HISTORICALLIGHTNINGOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location Date
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Louisville
LOUISVILLE 30AUG2007 0/0 $358,216
Twoseparatelightingstrikesstrucktwodifferent
homesinLouisville,bothcausingfireswhichresulted
indamagetothehomes.
Noxapater
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
Hailstorm
thunderstorms), it is assumed that Winston County has equal exposure to this hazard. It can be
Lightning
Although there was not a high number of historical lightning events reported in Winston County via
),WinstonCountyislocatedinanareaofthecountry

FINAL April 2014
I:34
J.2.12 Tornado
Tornadoes occur throughout the state of Mississippi, and thus in Winston County. Tornadoes typically
Therefore,itisassumedthatWinstonCountyisuniformlyexposedtothishazard.
Tornadoes resulted in three disaster declarations in Winston County in 1979, 2001, and 2011.
16
in Winston County since 1951 (Table J.22), resulting in almost $7.6 million (2013 dollars) in property
damages.
17
In addition, 3 fatalities and 11 injuries were reported. The magnitude of these tornadoes
rangesfromF0toF5inintensity.DetailedinformationonhistorictornadoeventscanbefoundinTable
J.23.
TABLEJ.22:SUMMARYOFTORNADOOCCURRENCESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Deaths/Injuries
PropertyDamage
(2013)
Noxapater 1 1/2 $3,261,933
TABLEJ.23:HISTORICALTORNADOIMPACTSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
Louisville
Louisville 20APR95 F2 0/0 $33,143
Atornadotoucheddownneartheintersectionof
Highways397and490.Numeroustreeswere
blowndown.Afewbuildingsweredestroyed.
LOUISVILLE 10NOV02 F1 0/0 $20,764
Atornadotoucheddownat7:20PM,about2
milesnorthwestofthecommunityofWebster.It
movednortheastacrossruralareasofNortheast
WinstonCounty,resultingintreedamage.After
travellingabout12.5miles,thistornadomoved
intoNoxubeeCounty,about1.5milessoutheast
ofWinston.

16
17
additional tornadoes have occurred in Winston County. As additional local data becomes available, this hazard profile will be
amended.
FINAL April 2014
I:35
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
LOUISVILLE 10NOV02 F1 0/0 $276,847
Thetornadoformedabout6milessouthof
Louisvillearound8:20PM.Itmovedeast
northeast,completelydestroyingtwomobile
homesanddamagingseveralotherhomesand
outbuildings.Numeroustreeswerealsosnapped
anduprooted.Thetornadodissipated
approximately12mileseastofLouisvillearound
8:40PM.
Noxapater
NOXAPATER 24NOV04 F3 1/2 $3,261,933
ThisstrongtornadomovedintoWinstoncounty
fromNeshobacountyandtrackednortheastfor
12milesbeforemovingintoNoxubeecounty.Just
insidetheWinstoncountylinefourlargechicken
housesweredestroyed.Asthetornadotracked
northeastacrossStateRoute393and397,afew
hundredtreeswereuprootedandsnapped.
Severalhomessustainedminorroofdamage.One
homewastotallydestroyedonMcBrayerRoad.
Piecesofthehomewasblownandscattered
acrossafieldfor1/4mile.Herethreevehicles
weremovedwithtwoofthemlandingontopof
treedebrisandtheotherthrownintoaditch.This
homewaswherethetwoinjuriesandonefatality
occurred.Thetornadowasatitswidestpoint
hereandasittrackednortheasthundredsof
treeswereblowndown.Thetornadomovedinto
Noxubeecounty2milessoutheastofFerns
Springs.Thetotalpathlengthacrossnorthern
Neshoba,southeastWinstonandwestern
Noxubeecountywas21miles.M44PH
UnincorporatedArea
WINSTON
COUNTY 20DEC51 0/0 $242,336
WINSTON
COUNTY 04APR57 F2 0/4 $224,736
WINSTON
COUNTY 07NOV57 F1 0/0 $224,736
WINSTON
COUNTY 18JAN73 F2 0/0 $1,421,475
WINSTON
COUNTY 23FEB77 F4 2/5 $1,042,170
WINSTON
COUNTY 01MAY85 F2 0/0 $587,266
RURALHILL 27APR11 F1 0/0 $90,177
Thistornadoremainedoverruralareasofthe
countyuprootingandsnappingtreesalongits
path.Onetreefellonahouseandtheroofwas
blownoffashed.Maximumwindswerearound
95mph.
LOUISVLL
WINSTON
ARP 27APR11 F1 0/0 $63,654
Thistornadosnappedanuprootednumerous
treesalongitspath.Oneofthetreesfellona
housecausingsignificantroofdamage.Atleast
twooutbuildingswereseverelydamaged.
FINAL April 2014
I:36
Deaths/
Injuries
Property
Damage*
Details
FEARNS
SPGS 27APR11 F5 0/0 $106,090
Thistornadocausedapathofextensivedamage
innortheastNeshoba,extremenorthwest
Kemper,extremesoutheastWinston,and
southwestNoxubeeCounties.Themostintense
damageoccurredinaseveralmileareafrom
extremenortheastNeshobaCountyintoextreme
southeastWinstonCounty.Muchofthedamage
inthecoreofthetornadointhisareawasrated
ashighendEF3toEF5.Thethreefatalities
occurredinnorthwestKemperCountywhena
strappeddowndoublewidemobilehomewas
thrownadistanceofapproximately300yards
intoatreeline,andthenobliteratedwiththe
debrisandframingscatteredmanyhundredsof
yardsdownthepath.Therewasnoindicationof
groundimpactsbetweentheoriginalsiteofthe
mobilehomeandwhereitendeduptoindicate
thatthemobilehomebouncedextensivelyasit
traveled.Twotraditionalframebrickhomesin
southeastWinstonCountywerecompletely
leveledwithonlyafewsmallpartsofinterior
wallsstanding.Newvehicleswerethrownor
rolledhundredsofyardsbeforebeingwrapped
intotreesandleftalmostbeyondrecognition.In
partsofnortheastNeshobaandnorthwest
KemperCounties,therewasveryhighendtree
damagewithextensivedenudinganddebarking
oftrees,alongwithareaswherethegroundwas
scouredouttoadepthoftwofeetinplaces,and
asphaltwasscouredoffpavement.Maximum
sustainedwindswereestimatedat205mph.
Totalpathlengthwas29miles.||Thiswasthe
firstEF5tornadoinMississippisincethe
CandlestickParktornadoonMay3,1966.
Additionally,thiswasthefirsttimesincestatistics
havebeenkeptthattwoEF5tornadoeshave
beenrecordedonthesamedayinMississippi,
withthetornadoinSmithvillealsoratedasanEF
5.
states of Alabama and Mississippi. During this outbreak, two F1 tornadoes and one F5 tornado were
reported in Winston County on April 27, 2011. These tornadoes resulted in nearly $260,000 (2013

FINAL April 2014
I:37
According to historical information, tornado events pose a significant threat to Winston County. The
probability of future tornado occurrences affecting Winston County is likely (10 100 percent annual
probability).
J.2.13 Hazardous Materials Incidents
WinstonCountyhasfourTRIsites.ThesesitesareshowninFigureJ.11.

FINAL April 2014
I:38
FIGUREJ.11:TOXICRELEASEINVENTORY(TRI)SITESINWINSTONCOUNTY
Source:EPA

FINAL April 2014
I:39
TherehavebeenatotalofeightrecordedHAZMATincidentsinWinstonCountysince1974(TableJ.24),
resulting in $200 in property damages. Table J.25 presents detailed information on historic HAZMAT
incidents in Winston County as reported by the U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and
HazardousMaterialsSafetyAdministration(PHMSA).
TABLEJ.24:SUMMARYOFHAZMATINCIDENTSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Numberof
Occurrences
Louisville 8 0/0 $200
Noxapater 0 0/0 $0
WISNTONCOUNTYTOTAL 8 0/0 $200
Source:USDOTPHMSA
TABLEJ.25:HAZMATINCIDENTSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Report
Number
Date City Mode
Serious
Incident?
Fatalities/
Injuries
Damages
($)
Quantity
Released
Louisville
I1999030970 3/16/1999 LOUISVILLE Highway No 0/0 $0 10LGA
I1977030212 2/24/1977 LOUISVILLE Highway Yes 0/0 $0 500LGA
I1974070350 7/1/1974 LOUISVILLE Highway No 0/0 $0 0
I1975100445 9/27/1975 LOUISVILLE Highway No 0/0 $0 0
Noxapater
NoneReported
UnincorporatedArea
NoneReported
Source:USDOTPHMSA
GiventhelocationoffourtoxicreleaseinventorysitesinWinstonCountyandseveralroadwayandrail
Although there are just four TRI sites and a limited record of previous events in the county, hazardous

FINAL April 2014
I:40
J.2.14 Pandemic
Pandemicsareglobalinnature.However,theymaystartanywhere.WinstonCountychosetoanalyze
18
th
th
th
and 21
st
centuries that
th
State,"onOctober4
th

18
FINAL April 2014
I:41
widelyrecorded.
19
Basedonhistoricaloccurrenceinformation,itisassumedthatWinstonCountyhasaprobabilitylevelof

J.2.15 Conclusions on Hazard Risk

19
FINAL April 2014
I:42
HAZARDEXTENT
Table J.26 describes the extent of each natural hazard identified for Winston County. The extent of a
TABLEJ.26:EXTENTOFWINSTONCOUNTYHAZARDS
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood
floodplainaccountsfor13.7percentofthetotallandareainWinstonCounty.
recordedforthecountywasattheNoxapaterCreeknearNoxapaterin1979.
Erosion
occurs.TherearenoerosionraterecordslocatedinWinstonCounty.
DamFailure
Qualitycriteria(Table5.7).OnedamisclassifiedashighhazardinWinston
County.
WinterStormand
Freeze
(ininches).OfficiallongtermsnowrecordsarenotkeptforanyareasinWinston
14.0inchesin1963.
FirerelatedHazards
Drought/HeatWave
themostseveredroughtconditionisExceptional.WinstonCountyhasreceived
WinstonCounty.However,thehighestrecordedtemperatureinJackson
Wildfire
occurinWinstonCountyinanyyearwas83in2007.Thegreatestnumberof
acrestoburninthecountyinasingleyearoccurredin2006when1,484acres
wereburned.Althoughthisdataliststheextentthathasoccurred,largerand
morefrequentwildfiresarepossiblethroughoutthecounty.
FINAL April 2014
I:43
GeologicHazards
Earthquake
epicenterfromWinstonCounty.AccordingtodataprovidedbytheNational
county.However,USGSdatashowsWinstonCountylieswithinanapproximate
zoneoflevel3to4groundacceleration.Thisindicatesthatthecountyexists
withinanareaofmoderateseismicrisk.
Landslide
inWinstonCountyandlandslideeventstypicallyoccurinisolatedareas.This
ExpansiveSoils
significantexpansivesoileventsinWinstonCounty.Again,thisprovidesa
extentcanbemeasuredwithswellingpotential,whichishighinWinstonCounty.
WindrelatedHazards
Storm
hurricanetotraversedirectlythroughWinstonCountywasatropicalstorm(an
unnamedstormin1879andHurricaneKatrina)whichcarriedtropicalforcewinds
of58milesperhouruponarrivalinthecounty.
Thunderstorm/Hail/
Lightning
Center,thestrongestrecordedwindeventinWinstonCountywasreportedon
March9,2006at80knots(approximately92mph).Itshouldbenotedthatfuture
reportedinWinstonCountywas2.75inches(reportedonApril22,2005).It
AccordingtotheVaisalasflashdensitymap(Figure5.16),WinstonCountyis
figures.
Tornado
Tornadohazardextentismeasuredbytornado occurrencesintheUSprovidedby
5.27).ThegreatestmagnitudereportedinWinstonCountywasanF5(reported
onApril27,2011).
OtherHazards
HazardousMaterials
Incident
thecountyis500LGAreleasedonthehighwayinLouisville.Itshouldbenoted
Pandemic
life.
FINAL April 2014
I:44
InordertodrawsomemeaningfulplanningconclusionsonhazardriskforWinstonCounty,theresultsof
Section5.16.2.
Table J.27 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each category for all initially identified hazards
TABLEJ.27:SUMMARYOFPRIRESULTSFORWINSTONCOUNTY
Hazard
PRI
Score
FloodrelatedHazards
FirerelatedHazards
GeologicHazards
WindrelatedHazards
OtherHazards
Pandemic Unlikely

FINAL April 2014
I:45
J.2.16 Final Determinations on Hazard Risk
The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling process for Winston County, including the PRI results
identifiedhazardaccordingtothreecategories:HighRisk,ModerateRisk,andLowRisk(TableJ.28).For
that a hazard will have on human life and property throughout all of Winston County. A more
andisdescribedinSection6:VulnerabilityAssessmentandbelowinSectionJ.3.Itshouldbenotedthat
TABLEJ.28:CONCLUSIONSONHAZARDRISKFORWINSTONCOUNTY
J.3 WINSTON COUNTY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
This subsection identifies and quantifies the vulnerability of Winston County to the significant hazards
HIGHRISK
Tornado
Flood
Hailstorm
MODERATERISK
Drought/HeatWave
Lightning
LOWRISK
ExpansiveSoils
Earthquake
DamFailure
Erosion
Landslide
Wildfire
Pandemic
FINAL April 2014
I:46
J.3.1 Asset Inventory
TableJ.29liststhenumberofparcelsandthetotalassessedvalueofimprovementsforWinstonCounty
20
TABLEJ.29:IMPROVEDPROPERTYINWINSTONCOUNTY
TotalAssessedValue
ofImprovements
Louisville 3,767 $237,370,658
Noxapater 326 $10,429,946
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 16,421 $609,863,428
Table J.30 lists the fire stations, police stations, emergency operations centers (EOCs), medical care
facilities, and schools and other critical facilities located in Winston County. Hazus 2.1 was used to
obtain the critical facilities for the county and this data was updated to reflect current conditions. In
addition, Figure J.12 shows the locations of essential facilities in Winston County. Table J.42, near the
end of this section, shows a complete list of the critical facilities by name, as well as the hazards that
affect each facility. As noted previously, this list is not allinclusive and only includes information
providedbythecounty.
TABLEJ.30:CRITICALFACILITYINVENTORYINWINSTONCOUNTY
Location
Fire
Stations
Police
Stations
MedicalCare
Facilities
EOC Schools
Louisville 1 2 1 0 8
Noxapater 0 1 0 0 1
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 1 3 1 0 9
Source:HazusMH

20
FINAL April 2014
I:47
FIGUREJ.12:CRITICALFACILITYLOCATIONSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Source:HazusMH2.1
J.3.2 Social Vulnerability
andassessthoseparticularsegmentsoftheresidentpopulationinWinstonCountythatarepotentially
TableJ.31liststhepopulationbyjurisdictionaccordingtoU.S.Census2010populationestimates.This
dataispresentedatthecountyandmunicipallevel.ThetotalpopulationinWinstonCountyaccording
toCensusdatais19,198persons.AdditionalpopulationestimatesarepresentedaboveinSectionJ.1.
FINAL April 2014
I:48
TABLEJ.31:TOTALPOPULATIONINWINSTONCOUNTY
Louisville 6,631
Noxapater 472
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 19,198
In addition, Figure J.13 illustrates the population density by census tract as it was reported by the U.S.
CensusBureauin2010.
21

21

FINAL April 2014
I:49
FIGUREJ.13:POPULATIONDENSITYINWINSTONCOUNTY
J.3.3 Vulnerability Assessment Results
Winston County, are presented here. All other hazards are assumed to impact the entire planning
TableJ.30.
FINAL April 2014
I:50
TheannualizedlossestimateforallhazardsispresentedattheendofthissectioninTableJ.41.
FLOOD
Historical evidence indicates that Winston County is susceptible to flood events. A total of 13 flood
indamages.Onanannualizedlevel,thesedamagesamountedto$182,342forWinstonCounty.
belocatedwithinanidentifiedfloodplain.TableJ.32presentsthepotentialatriskproperty.Boththe
TABLEJ.32:ESTIMATEDEXPOSUREOFPARCELSTOTHEFLOODHAZARD
Levelof
Total
percentof
valueina
floodplain
Location
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Number
ofParcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Louisville 437 $28,334,516 11 $2,464,911 13.0%
Noxapater 1 $24,664 0 $0 0.2%
WINSTONCOUNTY
TOTAL
2,870 $83,987,045 11 $2,464,911 14.2%
Source:FEMADFIRM
SocialVulnerability
on population atrisk to flood due to tract level population data. Figure J.14 is presented to gain a

FINAL April 2014
I:51
FIGUREJ.14:POPULATIONDENSITYNEARFLOODPLAINS
CriticalFacilities
The critical facility analysis revealed that there are a no critical facilities located in the Winston County
TableJ.42attheendofthissection.
Winston County, though some areas are at a higher risk than others. All types of structures in a
FINAL April 2014
I:52
WILDFIRE
Although historical evidence indicates that Winston County is susceptible to wildfire events, there are
Figure J.15 shows the Level of Concern data. Initially provided as raster data, it was converted to a
county contains some lands where the value falls into the atrisk category. Winston County has very
WinstonCountythaninotherareasofthecountry.
TableJ.33showstheresultsoftheanalysis.

FINAL April 2014
I:53
FIGUREJ.15:WILDFIRERISKAREASINWINSTONCOUNTY
TABLEJ.33:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOWILDFIREAREASOFCONCERN
Levelof
FloodEvent
WildfireRisk
Louisville 160 $9,514,850
Noxapater 166 $4,737,638
WINSTONCOUNTY
TOTAL
787 $21,867,534
areas.Whilethejurisdictionsreportafairlylowlevelofconcern,bothLouisvilleandNoxapatercontains
someareasofwildfireriskandshouldbemindfulthatfirecanspreadquicklytolowerareasofconcern.

FINAL April 2014
I:54
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
allfacilitiesatrisk.AlistofspecificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableJ.42
facilities,andpopulationsinWinstonCounty.
EARTHQUAKE
22
TableJ.34summarizesthefindingswithresultsroundedtothenearestthousand.
TABLEJ.34:AVERAGEANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFOREARTHQUAKEHAZARD
WinstonCounty $31,000 $1,627,851,000 0.00%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
futureplanupdates.

22
FINAL April 2014
I:55
populations in Winston County. The HazusMH scenario indicates that minimal damage is expected
from an earthquake occurrence. While Winston County may not experience a large earthquake (there
arenoneonrecord),localizeddamageispossiblewithanoccurrence.
Historical evidence indicates that Winston County has an elevated risk to the hurricane and tropical
storm hazard. There has been four disaster declaration due to hurricanes (Hurricanes Ivan, Dennis,
Katrina, and Isaac). Several tracks have come near or traversed through the county, as shown and
discussedinSectionJ.2.10.
23
for the county as shown below in Table J.35. Only
TABLEJ.35:ANNUALIZEDLOSSESTIMATIONSFORHURRICANEWINDHAZARD
WinstonCounty $90,000 $1,627,851,000 0.01%
Source:HazusMH2.1
impactingthecountytodayshownbelowinTableJ.36.
TABLEJ.36:UNNAMEDSTORMOF1916SCENARIO
WinstonCounty $107,000 $1,627,851,000 0.01%
Source:HazusMH2.1
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
GivenequalvulnerabilityacrossWinstonCounty,allcriticalfacilitiesareconsideredtobeatrisk.Some

23
FINAL April 2014
I:56
TableJ.42attheendofthissection.
facilities,andpopulationsinWinstonCounty.
Although historical evidence and existing Toxic Release Inventory sites indicate that Winston County is
negligibleannualizedlossestimateforWinstonCounty.
referencedTRIlistedtoxicsitesinWinstonCounty,alongwithbuffers,wereusedforanalysisasshown
in Figure J.16. For the mobile analysis, the major roads (Interstate highway, U.S. highway, and State
impactpeopleandbuildings,wereusedfortheGISbufferanalysis.FigureJ.17showstheareasusedfor
value,asshowninTableJ.37(fixedsites)andTableJ.38(mobilesites).
24

24
FINAL April 2014
I:57
FIGUREJ.16:TRISITESWITHBUFFERSINWINSTONCOUNTY
Source:EPA
TABLEJ.37:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALS(FIXEDSITES)
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Louisville 312 $22,513,654 8,871 $551,774,217
Noxapater 0 $0 0 $0
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 312 $22,513,654 9,269 $563,111,771

FINAL April 2014
I:58
FIGUREJ.17:MOBILEHAZMATBUFFERSINWINSTONCOUNTY

FINAL April 2014
I:59
TABLEJ.38:EXPOSUREOFIMPROVEDPROPERTYTOHAZARDOUSMATERIALSSPILL
Location
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Approx.
Numberof
Parcels
Approx.
Improved
Value
Louisville 959 $57,591,752 3,360 $205,714,438
Noxapater 223 $7,404,864 326 $10,429,946
WINSTONCOUNTYTOTAL 1,708 $81,781,523 5,744 $276,252,218
SocialVulnerability
CriticalFacilities
FixedSiteAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for fixed TRI sites revealed that there are eight Winston County facilities
locatedinaHAZMATriskzone.Allofthesefacilitiesarelocatedinthesecondarybufferarea.Alistof
specificcriticalfacilitiesandtheirassociatedriskcanbefoundinTableJ.42attheendofthissection.
MobileAnalysis:
The critical facility analysis for transportation corridors in Winston County revealed that there are 10
facilities located in the primary buffer area. A list of specific critical facilities and their associated risk
canbefoundinTableJ.42attheendofthissection.
buildings, critical facilities, and populations in Winston County. Those areas in a primary buffer are at
Table J.39 presents a summary of annualized loss for each hazard in Winston County. Due to the
region.

FINAL April 2014
I:60
TABLEJ.39:ANNUALIZEDLOSSFORWINSTONCOUNTY
Event
Winston
County
FloodrelatedHazards
Flood $182,342
Erosion Negligible
FirerelatedHazards
Wildfire Negligible
GeologicHazards
Earthquake $31,000
WindrelatedHazards
Hail $23,801
Lightning $59,703
Tornado $445,371
OtherHazards
Pandemic Negligible
thesehazardsbasedonlocations,construction,andbuildingtype.TableJ.40showsthecriticalfacilities

FINAL April 2014
I:61
ANNEX I: WINSTON COUNTY


FINAL April 2014
I:62
TABLEJ.40:ATRISKCRITICALFACILITIESINWINSTONCOUNTY

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
5
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
WINSTONCOUNTY

LouisvilleFireDepartment
Fire
Station
WinstonMedicalCenter
Medical
Care
Facility
X X X X X X X X
WinstonCountySheriff
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
LouisvillePoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X
WinstonAcademy School
X X X X X X X X
GraceChristianSchool School
X X X X X X X X
LouisvilleMiddleSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
FairElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
LouisvilleElementarySchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
LouisvilleHighSchool School
X X X X X X X X X X
WinstonLouisvilleVocCenter School
X X X X X X X X X X
NanihWaiyaAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X
NoxapaterPoliceDept
Police
Station
X X X X X X X X X X

25


FINAL April 2014
I:63

D
r
o
u
g
h
t
H
a
i
l
s
t
o
r
m
H
u
r
r
i
c
a
n
e
a
n
d
T
r
o
p
i
c
a
l
S
t
o
r
m
L
i
g
h
t
n
i
n
g
T
h
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
o
r
m
T
o
r
n
a
d
o
W
i
n
t
e
r
S
t
o
r
m
a
n
d
F
r
e
e
z
e
E
a
r
t
h
q
u
a
k
e
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
M
o
d
L
a
n
d
s
l
i
d
e
H
i
g
h
D
a
m
a
n
d
L
e
v
e
e
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
2
5
F
l
o
o
d
1
0
0
y
r
F
l
o
o
d
5
0
0
y
r
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
5
0
0
m
F
i
x
e
d
H
A
Z
M
A
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
5
0
0
M
E
T
E
R
M
o
b
i
l
e
H
Z
M
T
2
,
5
0
0
m
e
t
e
r
W
i
l
d
f
i
r
e

FACILITYNAME
FACILITY
TYPE
NoxapaterAttendanceCenter School
X X X X X X X X X X

FINAL April 2014
I:64
J.4 WINSTON COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT

This subsection discusses the capability of Winston County to implement hazard mitigation activities.
J.4.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability
TableJ.41providesasummaryoftherelevantlocalplans,ordinances,andprogramsalreadyinplaceor
under development for Winston County. A checkmark () indicates that the given item is currently in
MitigationPlan.
TABLEJ.41:RELEVANTPLANS,ORDINANCES,ANDPROGRAMS
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
T
o
o
l
/
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
y
T
o
o
l
H
a
z
a
r
d
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
L
a
n
d
U
s
e
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
O
p
e
n
S
p
a
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
(
P
a
r
k
s
&
R
e
c
/
G
r
e
e
n
w
a
y
P
l
a
n
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
/
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
P
l
a
n
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
o
f
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
P
l
a
n
E
v
a
c
u
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
P
l
a
n
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
l
a
n
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
l
a
n
H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
P
r
e
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
F
l
o
o
d
D
a
m
a
g
e
P
r
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
Z
o
n
i
n
g
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
S
u
b
d
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
P
o
s
t
D
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
O
r
d
i
n
a
n
c
e
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
C
o
d
e
F
i
r
e
C
o
d
e
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
F
l
o
o
d
I
n
s
u
r
a
n
c
e
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
(
N
F
I
P
)
N
F
I
P
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
R
a
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
WINSTON
COUNTY

Louisville
Noxapater
EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT
WinstonCountyhaspreviouslyadoptedahazardmitigationplan.TheCityofLouisvilleandtheTownof
Noxapaterwerealsoincludedinthisplan.
WinstonCountymaintainsanemergencyoperationsplanthroughits Emergency ManagementAgency.
TheCityofLouisvilleandtheTownofNoxapaterareeachcoveredbythisplan.

FINAL April 2014
I:65
GENERALPLANNING
WinstonCountyhasnotadoptedacountycomprehensivelanduseplan;however,theCityofLouisville
hasadoptedacomprehensiveplan.
ZoningOrdinance
WinstonCountydoesnothaveazoningordinanceinplace;however,theCityofLouisvillehasadopteda
zoningordinance.
Winston County does not have a subdivision ordinance in place; however, the City of Louisville has
adoptedasubdivisionordinance.
WinstonCountyandtheCityofLouisvillehaveadoptedbuildingcodes.
Table J.42 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in Winston
County.
TABLEJ.42:NFIPPOLICYANDCLAIMINFORMATION
Jurisdiction
DateJoined
NFIP
Current
EffectiveMap
Date
NFIPPolicies
inForce
Insurancein
Force
Closed
Claims
Total
Paymentsto
Date
WINSTONCOUNTY 8/19/85 9/17/10 6 $545,000 0 $0
Louisville 6/15/78 9/17/10 35 $3,708,000 10 $161,220
Noxapater*
ordinance. Winston County and the City of Louisville both participate in the NFIP and have adopted
J.4.2 Administrative and Technical Capability
Table J.43 provides a summary of the capability assessment results for Winston County with regard to

FINAL April 2014
I:66
TABLEJ.43:RELEVANTSTAFF/PERSONNELRESOURCES
S
t
a
f
f
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
o
f
l
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
/
l
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
o
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s
a
n
d
/
o
r
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
P
l
a
n
n
e
r
s
o
r
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
/
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
d
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
E
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
F
l
o
o
d
p
l
a
i
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
L
a
n
d
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
f
a
m
i
l
i
a
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
S
t
a
f
f
w
i
t
h
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
x
p
e
r
t
i
s
e
t
o
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
v
u
l
n
e
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
h
a
z
a
r
d
s
P
e
r
s
o
n
n
e
l
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
G
I
S
a
n
d
/
o
r
H
a
z
u
s
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
s
t
a
f
f
o
r
g
r
a
n
t
w
r
i
t
e
r
s
WINSTONCOUNTY
Louisville
Noxapater
J.4.3 Fiscal Capability
Table J.44 provides a summary of the results for Winston County with regard to relevant fiscal

FINAL April 2014
I:67
TABLEJ.44:RELEVANTFISCALRESOURCES
F
i
s
c
a
l
T
o
o
l
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
B
l
o
c
k
G
r
a
n
t
s
(
C
D
B
G
)
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
P
u
r
p
o
s
e
T
a
x
e
s
(
o
r
t
a
x
i
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
s
)
G
a
s
/
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
/
S
e
w
e
r
F
e
e
s
S
t
o
r
m
w
a
t
e
r
U
t
i
l
i
t
y
F
e
e
s
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
I
m
p
a
c
t
F
e
e
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
O
b
l
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
,
a
n
d
/
o
r
S
p
e
c
i
a
l
T
a
x
B
o
n
d
s
P
a
r
t
n
e
r
i
n
g
A
r
r
a
n
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
r
I
n
t
e
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
A
g
r
e
e
m
e
n
t
s
WINSTON
COUNTY

Louisville
Noxapater
J.4.4 Political Capability
During the months immediately following a disaster, local public opinion in Winston County is more
J.4.5 Conclusions on Local Capability
Table J.45 shows the results of the capability assessment using the designed scoring methodology
TABLEJ.45:CAPABILITYASSESSMENTRESULTS
Jurisdiction
OverallCapability
Score
OverallCapability
Rating
WINSTONCOUNTY 23 Moderate
Louisville 27 Moderate
Noxapater 10 Limited

FINAL April 2014
I:68
J.5 WINSTON COUNTY MITIGATION STRATEGY
ThissubsectionprovidestheblueprintforWinstonCountytofollowinordertobecomelessvulnerable
J.5.1 Mitigation Goals
Winston County developed seven mitigation goals in coordination with the other participating MEMA
District4Regionjurisdictions.TheregionalmitigationgoalsarepresentedinTableJ.46.
TABLEJ.46:MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALMITIGATIONGOALS
Goal
Goal#4
activity.
Goal#5
tothosehazards.
Goal#6
J.5.2 Mitigation Action Plan
The mitigation actions proposed by Winston County, the City of Louisville, and the Town of Noxapater
arelistedinthefollowingindividualMitigationActionPlans.

FINAL April 2014
I:69

FINAL April 2014
I:70
Winston County Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
thefloodzone.
P2
All Medium
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P3
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Deferred
P5
activities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1

FINAL April 2014
I:71
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
damage.
T High
General
Funds,
MEMA
ES2
duringhazards.
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Deleted
ES3
All Medium
General
Funds,
County,EM,
HS
ES4
disasterefforts.
All High N/A N/A CountyEMA 1year Deferred
ES5
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES6
warningsystems.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented

FINAL April 2014
I:72
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES7
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Deleted
ES8
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
I:73
City of Louisville Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
thefloodzone.
FL High N/A N/A CountyEMA Ongoing Implemented
P2
All Medium
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CityAldermen
Ongoing Inprocess
P3
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
P5
activities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1

FINAL April 2014
I:74
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
damage.
T High
General
Funds,
MEMA
ES2
duringhazards.
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
All Medium
General
Funds,
County,EM,
HS
ES4
disasterefforts.
ES5
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES6
warningsystems.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Ongoing

FINAL April 2014
I:75
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES7
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Deleted
ES8
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

FINAL April 2014
I:76
City of Noxapater Mitigation Action Plan
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
Prevention
P1
thefloodzone.
P2
All Medium
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
TownAldermen
Ongoing Implemented
P3
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Deferred
P4
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Deferred
P5
activities.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PropertyProtection
PP1

FINAL April 2014
I:77
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
EmergencyServices
ES1
damage.
T High
General
Funds,
MEMA
$20,000 CountyEMA 1year Deferred
ES2
duringhazards.
All High
FEMA,
MEMA
ES3
All Medium
General
Funds,
County,EM,
HS
$100,000 CountyEMA 2years Implemented
ES4
disasterefforts.
ES5
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented
ES6
warningsystems.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Implemented

FINAL April 2014
I:78
Action
#
Description
Hazard(s)
Addressed
Relative
Priority
Funding
Sources
Estimated
Cost
Responsible
Party
TargetCompletion
Date
2013Action
Implementation
Status
ES7
Trainstormspotters.
T High
FEMA,
MEMA,
General
Funds
N/A
County
Supervisors,
CountyEMA,
Mayor
Ongoing Deleted
ES8
occurs.
FL High N/A N/A
County
Supervisors
Ongoing Implemented
PEA1
risks.
All High
General
Funds,
MEMA

A
A
p
p
p
p
e
e
n
n
d
d
i
i
x
x
A
A

P
P
l
l
a
a
n
n
A
A
d
d
o
o
p
p
t
t
i
i
o
o
n
n

This Appendix includes the local adoption resolutions for each of the participating jurisdictions.
A
A
p
p
p
p
e
e
n
n
d
d
i
i
x
x
B
B

P
P
l
l
a
a
n
n
n
n
i
i
n
n
g
g
T
T
o
o
o
o
l
l
s
s

This Appendix includes the following:

1. Blank Public Participation Survey
2. GIS Data Inventory Sheet
3. Scoring Criteria for Capability Assessment
4. Blank Mitigation Action Worksheet

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY
FOR HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING

We need your help!

The Counties of Calhoun, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clay, Lowndes, Monroe, Noxubee, Oktibbeha,
Webster, and Winston are currently engaged in a planning process to become less vulnerable to
natural disasters, and your participation is important to us!

The Counties, along with participating local jurisdictions and other participating partners, are now
working to prepare a multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan. The purpose of this Plan is to
identify and assess our communitys natural hazard risks and determine how to best minimize or
manage those risks. Upon completion, the Plan will represent a comprehensive multi-
jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan for the ten-county region.

This survey questionnaire provides an opportunity for you to share your opinions and participate
in the mitigation planning process. The information you provide will help us better understand
your hazard concerns and can lead to mitigation activities that should help lessen the impact of
future hazard events.

Please help us by completing this survey by July 26, 2013 and returning it to:
Sara Reynolds, Atkins
1616 E Millbrook Road, Suite 310
Raleigh, NC 27609
Surveys can also be faxed to: (919) 876-6848 or emailed to sara.reynolds@atkinsglobal.com

If you have any questions regarding this survey or would like to learn about more ways you can
participate in the development of the MEMA District 4 Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan, please
contact Atkins, planning consultant for the project. You may reach Nathan Slaughter (Atkins) at
919-431-5251 or by email at nathan.slaughter@atkinsglobal.com.

1. Where do you live?
Unincorporated Calhoun County Brooksville Macon
Unincorporated Chickasaw County Bruce Mathison
Unincorporated Choctaw County Caledonia New Houlka
Unincorporated Clay County Calhoun City Noxapater
Unincorporated Lowndes County Columbus Okolona
Unincorporated Monroe County Crawford Shuqualak
Unincorporated Noxubee County Derma Smithville
Unincorporated Oktibbeha County Eupora Starkville
Unincorporated Webster County French Camp Sturgis
Unincorporated Winston County Gattman Vardaman
Aberdeen Hatley Weir
Ackerman Houston West Point
Amory Louisville Other
Artesia Maben

Page 2 of 5
Have you ever experienced or been impacted by a disaster?
Yes
No

a. If Yes, please explain:

2. How concerned are you about the possibility of our community being impacted by a
disaster?
Extremely concerned
Somewhat concerned
Not concerned

3. Please select the one hazard you think is the highest threat to your neighborhood:
Dam / Levee Failure
Drought
Earthquake
Erosion
Extreme Heat
Flood
Hailstorm
HAZMAT
Hurricane / Tropical Storm
Land Subsidence / Sink Holes
Landslide
Lightning
Pandemic
Severe Winter / Ice Storm
Severe Thunderstorm / High Wind
Tornado
Wildfire

4. Please select the one hazard you think is the second highest threat to your neighborhood:
Dam / Levee Failure
Drought
Earthquake
Erosion
Extreme Heat
Flood
Hailstorm
HAZMAT
Land Subsidence / Sink Holes
Landslide
Lightning
Pandemic
Tornado
Wildfire

5. Is there another hazard not listed above that you think is a wide-scale threat to your
neighborhood?
Yes (please explain): ___________________________________________________
No

Page 3 of 5
6. Is your home located in a floodplain?
Yes
No
I dont know

7. Do you have flood insurance?
Yes
No
I dont know
a. If No, why not?
Not located in floodplain
Too expensive
Not necessary because it never floods
Not necessary because Im elevated or otherwise protected
Never really considered it
Other (please explain): ___________________________________________

8. Have you taken any actions to make your home or neighborhood more resistant to
hazards?
Yes
No
b. If Yes, please explain:

9. Are you interested in making your home or neighborhood more resistant to hazards?
Yes
No

10. Do you know what office to contact regarding reducing your risks to hazards in your
area?
Yes
No

Page 4 of 5
11. What is the most effective way for you to receive information about how to make your
home and neighborhood more resistant to hazards?
Newspaper
Television
Radio
Internet
Mail
Public workshops/meetings
School meetings
Other (please explain): __________________________________________________

12. In your opinion, what are some steps your local government could take to reduce or
eliminate the risk of future hazard damages in your neighborhood?

13. Are there any other issues regarding the reduction of risk and loss associated with
hazards or disasters in the community that you think are important?

Page 5 of 5
14. A number of community-wide activities can reduce our risk from hazards. In general,
these activities fall into one of the following six broad categories. Please tell us how
important you think each one is for your community to consider pursuing.

Category
Very
Important
Somewhat
Important
Not
Important
1. Prevention
Administrative or regulatory actions that influence the way
land is developed and buildings are built. Examples include
planning and zoning, building codes, open space
preservation, and floodplain regulations.

2. Property Protection
Actions that involve the modification of existing buildings to
protect them from a hazard or removal from the hazard area.
Examples include acquisition, relocation, elevation, structural
retrofits, and storm shutters.

3. Natural Resource Protection
Actions that, in addition to minimizing hazard losses, also
preserve or restore the functions of natural systems.
Examples include: floodplain protection, habitat preservation,
slope stabilization, riparian buffers, and forest management.

4. Structural Projects
Actions intended to lessen the impact of a hazard by
modifying the natural progression of the hazard. Examples
include dams, levees, detention/retention basins, channel
modification, retaining walls, and storm sewers.

5. Emergency Services
Actions that protect people and property during and
immediately after a hazard event. Examples include warning
systems, evacuation planning, emergency response training,
and protection of critical emergency facilities or systems.

6. Public Education and Awareness
Actions to inform citizens about hazards and the techniques
they can use to protect themselves and their property.
Examples include outreach projects, school education
programs, library materials, and demonstration events.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION!
This survey may be submitted anonymously; however, if you provide us with your name and contact
information below we will have the ability to follow up with you to learn more about your ideas or
concerns (optional):
Name: ________________________________________________
Address: ________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Phone: _____________ E-Mail: _______________________
GIS Data Request Sheet
Data requested Available? Received? Potential Sources
Tax Parcel Data Tax Assessor
including replacement value
Building Footprints Tax Assessor/GIS office
Critical Facilities (in GIS or list form with addresses) Tax Assessor/GIS office
examples include:
government buildings
hospitals
senior care
police/fire/EMS/EOC
locally significant buildings
schools
Local hazard studies
public works, natural
resources, planning
examples include:
Flood Studies (HEC-RAS, Risk MAP)
Local Hazard History Articles
Areas of Concern Studies
If you have any questions, please contact:
Caroline Cunningham
caroline.cunningham@atkinsglobal.com
919-431-5295
Points System for Capability Ranking

0-19 points = Limited overall capability
20-39 points = Moderate overall capability
40-68 points = High overall capability

I. Planning and Regulatory Capability
(Up to 43 points)

Yes = 3 points
Under Development = 1 point
Included under County plan/code/ordinance/program = 1 point
No = 0 points

Hazard Mitigation Plan
Comprehensive Land Use Plan
Floodplain Management Plan
National Flood Insurance Program
NFIP Community Rating System

Yes = 2 points
Under Development = 1 point
Included under County plan/code/ordinance/program = 1 point
No = 0 points

Open Space Management Plan / Parks & Recreation Plan
Stormwater Management Plan
Natural Resource Protection Plan
Flood Response Plan
Emergency Operations Plan
Continuity of Operations Plan
Evacuation Plan
Disaster Recovery Plan
Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
Post-disaster Redevelopment / Reconstruction Ordinance

Yes = 1 point
No = 0 points

Capital Improvements Plan
Economic Development Plan
Historic Preservation Plan
Zoning Ordinance
Subdivision Ordinance
Unified Development Ordinance
Building Code
Fire Code
II. Administrative and Technical Capability
(Up to 15 points)

Yes = 2 points
Service provided by County = 1 point
No = 0 points

Planners with knowledge of land development and land management practices
Engineers or professionals trained in construction practices related to buildings and/or
infrastructure
Planners or engineers with an understanding of natural and/or human-caused hazards
Emergency manager
Floodplain manager

Yes = 1 point
No = 0 points

Land surveyors
Scientist familiar with the hazards of the community
Staff with education or expertise to assess the communitys vulnerability to hazards
Personnel skilled in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and/or Hazus
Resource development staff or grant writers

III. Fiscal Capability
(Up to 10 points)

Yes = 1 point
No = 0 points

Capital Improvement Programming
Community Development Block Grants (CDBG)
Special Purpose Taxes (or tax districts)
Gas / Electric Utility Fees
Water / Sewer Fees
Stormwater Utility Fees
Development Impact Fees
General Obligation / Revenue / Special Tax Bonds
Partnering arrangements or intergovernmental agreements
Other

MITIGATION ACTION WORKSHEETS

Mitigation Action Worksheets are used to identify potential hazard mitigation actions that participating
jurisdictions in the MEMA District 4 Region will consider to reduce the negative effects of identified
hazards. The worksheets provide a simple yet effective method of organizing potential actions in a user-
friendly manner that can easily be incorporated into the Regions Hazard Mitigation Plan.

The worksheets are to be used as part of a strategic planning process and are designed to be:

a.) completed electronically (worksheets and instructions will be e-mailed to members of the Hazard
Mitigation Council following the Mitigation Strategy Workshop);
b.) reviewed with your department/organization for further consideration; and
c.) returned according to the contact information provided below.

Please return all completed worksheets no later than July 10, 2013 to:
Nathan Slaughter, Project Manager Atkins
Electronic copies may be e-mailed to: nathan.slaughter@atkinsglobal.com
Hard copies may be faxed to: 919-876-6848 (Attn: Nathan Slaughter)

INSTRUCTIONS
Each mitigation action should be considered to be a separate local project, policy or program and each
individual action should be entered into a separate worksheet. By identifying the implementation
requirements for each action, the worksheets will help lay the framework for engaging in distinct actions
that will help reduce the communitys overall vulnerability and risk. Detailed explanations on how to
complete the worksheet are provided below.

Proposed Action: Identify a specific action that, if accomplished, will reduce vulnerability and risk in the
impact area. Actions may be in the form of local policies (i.e., regulatory or incentive-based measures),
programs or structural mitigation projects and should be consistent with any pre-identified mitigation goals
and objectives.

Site and Location: Provide details with regard to the physical location or geographic extent of the
proposed action, such as the location of a specific structure to be mitigated, whether a program will be
citywide, countywide or regional, etc.

History of Damages: Provide a brief history of any known damages as it relates to the proposed action
and the hazard(s) being addressed. For example, the proposed elevation of a repetitive loss property
should include an overview of the number of times the structure has flooded, total dollar amount of
damages if available, etc.

Hazard(s) Addressed: List the hazard(s) the proposed action is designed to mitigate against.

Category: Indicate the most appropriate category for the proposed action as discussed during the
Mitigation Strategy Workshop (Prevention; Property Protection; Natural Resource Protection; Structural
Projects; Emergency Services; Public Education and Awareness).

Priority: Indicate whether the action is a high priority, moderate priority or low priority based
generally on the following criteria:
1. Effect on overall risk to life and property
2. Ease of implementation / technical feasibility
3. Project costs versus benefits
4. Political and community support
5. Funding availability

Estimated Cost: If applicable, indicate what the total cost will be to accomplish this action. This amount
will be an estimate until actual final dollar amounts can be determined. Some actions (such as ordinance
revisions) may only cost local staff time and should be noted so.

Potential Funding Sources: If applicable, indicate how the cost to complete the action will be funded.
For example, funds may be provided from existing operating budgets or general funds, a previously
established contingency fund, a cost-sharing federal or state grant program, etc.

Lead Agency/Department Responsible: Identify the local agency, department or organization that is
best suited to implement the proposed action.

Implementation Schedule: Indicate when the action will begin and when the action is expected to be
completed. Remember that some actions will require only a minimal amount of time, while others may
require a long-term or continuous effort.

Comments: This space is provided for any additional information or details that may not be captured
under the previous headings.

MITIGATION ACTION
Proposed Action:
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Site and Location:
History of Damages:

MITIGATION ACTION DETAILS
Hazard(s) Addressed:
Category:
Priority (High, Moderate, Low):
Estimated Cost:
Potential Funding Sources:
Lead Agency/Department Responsible:
Implementation Schedule:

COMMENTS

A
A
p
p
p
p
e
e
n
n
d
d
i
i
x
x
C
C

L
L
o
o
c
c
a
a
l
l
M
M
i
i
t
t
i
i
g
g
a
a
t
t
i
i
o
o
n
n
P
P
l
l
a
a
n
n

R
R
e
e
v
v
i
i
e
e
w
w
T
T
o
o
o
o
l
l

A
A
p
p
p
p
e
e
n
n
d
d
i
i
x
x
D
D

P
P
l
l
a
a
n
n
n
n
i
i
n
n
g
g
P
P
r
r
o
o
c
c
e
e
s
s
s
s

D
D
o
o
c
c
u
u
m
m
e
e
n
n
t
t
a
a
t
t
i
i
o
o
n
n

Thisappendixincludes:
1. MeetingAgendas
2. MeetingMinutes
3. MeetingSignInSheets
4. PublicSurveySummaryResults
5. Worksheet#1fromFEMA3861BuildthePlanningTeam
AGENDA
Hazard Mitigation Council Meeting
April 24, 2013
1:00 PM 3:00 PM

1) Introductions

2) Overview of Mitigation/Icebreaker Exercise

3) Project Overview
a) Key Objectives
b) Project Tasks
c) Project Schedule
d) Project Staffing

4) Data Collection
a) GIS Data Inventory
b) Capability Assessment Survey
c) Public Participation Survey
d) Existing Mitigation Actions

5) Roles & Responsibilities
a) Atkins
b) County Leads
c) Participating Jurisdictions

6) Next Steps
a) Data collection efforts
b) Begin public outreach
c) Discuss next Hazard Mitigation Council meeting

7) Questions, Issues, or Concerns
AGENDA
Hazard Mitigation Council Mitigation Strategy Meeting
June 26, 2013
1:00 PM 3:00 PM

1) Introductions

2) Mitigation Overview

3) Icebreaker Results

4) Project Schedule

5) Risk Assessment Findings

6) Capability Assessment Findings

7) Public Involvement Activities

8) Mitigation Strategy

9) Next Steps
Regional Hazard Mitigation Council (HMC) Project Kickoff Meeting
April 24, 2013
Starkville, MS

Immediately following the contractual Notice to Proceed, Atkins staff arranged for a project kickoff
meeting. The MEMA District 4 Area Coordinator helped to arrange a meeting location. An email was
distributed which invited representatives from the participating counties and municipalities, external
stakeholders, and other local organizations to the meeting. The regional participants are collectively
known as the Hazard Mitigation Council (HMC or Council). The meeting was held at Mississippi State
University and several university representatives attended.

Nathan Slaughter, Project Manager from project consultant Atkins began the meeting by welcoming the
attendees and giving a brief overview of the project and the purpose of the meeting. He began by
having attendees introduce themselves. Mr. Slaughter then provided an overview of the items to be
discussed at the meeting and briefly reviewed each of the handouts that were distributed in the meeting
packets (agenda, public survey, and presentation slides). He then defined mitigation and gave an
overview of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 and potential funding sources which may be utilized for
mitigation projects or require a FEMA-approved mitigation plan for eligibility. Mr. Slaughter also asked
attendees if any had worked with mitigation grant funds and three attendees confirmed that they had.

Following the introductions and overview, Mr. Slaughter led the group in an icebreaker exercise to
introduce meeting participants to various mitigation techniques and to help determine which
techniques are of most interest to HMC members. He briefly explained the six different categories of
mitigation techniques: emergency services; prevention; natural resource protection; structural projects;
public education and awareness; and property protection. Each attendee was then given $20 million in
mock currency and asked to spend their mitigation money as they personally deemed appropriate
among the six mitigation categories. Money was spent by placing it in cups labeled with each of the
mitigation techniques. Upon completion of the exercise, Mr. Slaughter stated that the results would be
tabulated and shared with the group at the next meeting to help formulate mitigation actions.

Following the icebreaker exercise, Mr. Slaughter discussed the key objectives of the planning process
and presented a list of the participating jurisdictions for the regional plan. Mr. Slaughter then explained
the mitigation planning process and specific tasks to be accomplished for this project, including the risk
assessment, capability assessment, mitigation strategy, mitigation action plan and plan maintenance
procedures. Key objectives include:

Merge the ten County plans into one regional plan;
Complete update of existing plans to demonstrate progress and reflect current conditions;
Increase public awareness and education;
Maintain grant eligibility for participating jurisdictions; and
Maintain compliance with State and Federal requirements.

Ms. Cunningham, Atkins Risk Assessment Specialist, spoke briefly regarding the risk assessment during
the detailed project overview. She talked about the major components of the risk assessment (hazard
identification, assessment/profiling, and vulnerability). She then reviewed the hazards presented in the
contract which were all natural hazards. Ms. Cunningham encouraged the Council to look beyond just
natural hazards and asked if there were any additional hazards that the Council would like addressed.
The group voted to include hazardous materials and pandemic (due to the number of chicken farms in
the area). Lastly, Ms. Cunningham presented slides on how the regional maps and data would be
presented in the plan, emphasizing a detailed risk assessment for each jurisdiction.

Mr. Slaughter presented the project schedule and noted that the year-long schedule provided ample
time to produce a quality plan, meet state and federal deadlines, and allow for review by local, state,
and federal officials.

The project staffing chart was also presented to demonstrate the number of experienced individuals
that will be working on this project. Mr. Slaughter then reviewed the roles and responsibilities of Atkins,
the County leads, and the participating jurisdictions. The presentation concluded with a discussion of
the next steps to be taken in the project development. He encouraged meeting participants to
distribute the Public Participation Survey and stated that an internet link would provided to the online
version of the survey. He requested that the link be placed on County and municipal websites and
shared with other local stakeholders. It was also noted that local GIS analysts would be contacted to
obtain available local data.

Following the meeting, Mr. Slaughter solicited questions from the group. Several were raised which
were addressed by MEMA and Atkins as appropriate:

Q: Explain the regional nature of the plan.
A: Syncing plans in a general area allows those participating jurisdictions to share resources. It
helps MEMA and FEMA by reducing the inflow of hazard mitigation plans at various times. It also
allows participating jurisdictions to learn from each others strategies and to plan together for
potential events where response, recovery, mitigation, and preparedness may require
collaboration.

Q: Does the public survey release confidential or sensitive information?
A: The contents were reviewed based on the handout provided. Once detailed questions were
discussed, and the nature clarified, the sensitivity of it was no longer a concern.

Meeting Minutes
Mitigation Strategy Meeting
June 26, 2013

Mr. Slaughter initiated the meeting with a review of the meeting handouts, which included an agenda,
proposed goals for the regional plan, mitigation actions from each countys existing plan, and mitigation
action worksheets for new mitigation actions. Mr. Slaughter reviewed the project schedule and stated
that a draft of the Hazard Mitigation Plan would be presented to the Hazard Mitigation Council in
September 2013.

He then gave the results of the icebreaker exercise from the first Hazard Mitigation Council meeting,
where attendees were given money to spend on various hazard mitigation techniques. The results
were as follows:

Emergency Services $148
Prevention $83
Property Protection $49
Public Education $45
Structural Projects $45
Natural Resource Protection $27

Mr. Slaughter then presented the findings of the risk assessment. He reviewed the process for
preparing Hazard Profiles. He explained how each hazard falls into one of four basic categories:
Atmospheric, Hydrologic, Geologic, and Other, and each must be evaluated and formally ruled out if it is
not applicable to the study area, even where it seems obvious (such as in the case of volcano).

Mr. Slaughter reviewed the Hazard Profiles and the following bullets summarize the information
presented:

FLOOD. There have been 131 flood events recorded in the MEMA District 4 Region since 1995,
resulting in $15.5 million in property damage. There have been 1,447 NFIP losses since 1978 and
approximately $7.67 million in claims. 148 repetitive loss properties in the region account for 442 of
the recorded losses and $3.85 million of the claims. There are 2 Severe Repetitive Loss properties.
Future occurrences are likely.

EROSION. Erosion was not included in any of the previous plans. Flood damage prevention
ordinances may include measures to limit erosion. There is no known GIS data for mapping
vulnerability and no information found about previous occurrences. Future occurrences are
possible.

DAM FAILURE. There are 412 dams in the Region, 21 of which are classified as high hazard dams.
There have been no reported breaches and future occurrences are unlikely.

WINTER STORM. There have been 66 recorded winter events in the Region since 1994 resulting in
$6.1 million in reported property damages. Future occurrences are likely.

DROUGHT. There were five years out of the past twelve where drought conditions were reported to
be severe, extreme or exceptional in the Region. Future occurrences are likely.

EXTREME HEAT. There have been 8 recorded extreme heat events in the region since 2005. There
has been 1 reported death. Future occurrences likely.

WILDFIRE. At the time of the meeting, we were still awaiting data from the MS Forestry
Commission.

EARTHQUAKES. There has been 1 recorded earthquake events in the Region. It was a 3.4
magnitude reported in Calhoun City. Future occurrences are unlikely.

LANDSLIDE. There has been no extensive history of landslides in Mississippi. Future occurrences are
unlikely.

SINKHOLE. There is no significant historical record of sinkholes or land subsidence in Mississippi.
Future occurrences are unlikely.

HURRICANE AND TROPICAL STORM. NOAA data shows that 38 storm tracks have come within 75
miles of the Region since 1850. Eight of those storms were hurricanes and the remaining 30 were
tropical storms. Future occurrences are likely.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WINDS. There have been 1,227 severe thunderstorm events since 1955
with $82.1 million in reported property damages. Future occurrences are highly likely.

HAILSTORM. There have been 632 recorded events since 1957. Hail stones have ranged in size from
.5 inch to 3 inches. Future occurrences are likely.

LIGHTNING. There have been 19 recorded lightning events since 1996, causing at least one death
and $2.1 million in reported property damages. Future occurrences are highly likely.

TORNADOES. There have been 202 recorded tornado events in the Region since 1950. $387.4
million in property damages and 42 deaths and 434 injuries have been reported. Future
occurrences are likely.

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENTS. At the time of this presentation, information was still being
collected related to Hazmat incidents. Regional Hazard Mitigation Council members provided
information about various areas of concern regarding hazardous materials facilities (add Tenn-Tom
Waterway and a railway line from Monroe to Lowndes). This information was incorporated into the
Risk Assessment sections of the Plan. It was determined that fixed and mobile Hazmat
vulnerabilities would be mapped and included in the plan but it will also be noted that there are
detailed separate plans for hazardous materials incidents that contain more of a detailed
assessment of this hazard.

In concluding the review of Hazard Profiles, Mr. Slaughter stated if anyone had additional information
for the hazard profiles, or disagreed with any of the data presented, they should call or email her with
their concerns.

Hazard Mitigation Council members had the following requests of the consultant team:
They wanted to review the list of dams for the region. They felt that the data was outdated or
incorrect.
They wanted to review the list of Hazmat facilities obtained by the project consultant to ensure
its accuracy.

The results of the hazard identification process were used to generate a Priority Risk Index (PRI), which
categorizes and prioritizes potential hazards as high, moderate or low risk based on probability, impact,
spatial extent, warning time, and duration. The highest PRI was assigned to Severe Thunderstorms/High
Winds, Tornado, Flood and Hailstorm. After reviewing the findings of the PRI, the Hazard Mitigation
Council members voted to move Winter Storms/Freezes to the High Risk category.

Mr. Slaughter presented the Capability Assessment Findings. Atkins has developed a scoring system that
was used to rank the participating jurisdictions in terms of capability in four major areas (Planning and
Regulatory; Administrative and Technical; Fiscal; Political). Important capability indicators include
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) participation, Building Code Effective Grading Schedule
(BCEGS) score, Community Rating System (CRS) participation, and the Local Capability Assessment
Survey conducted by ATKINS.

Mr. Slaughter reviewed the Relevant Plans and Ordinances, Relevant Staff/Personnel Resources, and
Relevant Fiscal Resources. All of these categories were used to rate the overall capability of the
participating counties and jurisdictions. Most jurisdictions are in the limited range for Planning and
Regulatory Capability and Fiscal Capability. There is variation between the jurisdictions for
Administrative and Technical Capability, mainly with respect to availability of planners and grant writers.
Based upon the scoring methodology developed by ATKINS, it was determined that all of the
participating jurisdictions have limited to moderate to implement hazard mitigation programs and
activities.

Mr. Slaughter also discussed the results of the public participation survey that was posted on several of
the participating counties websites. As of the meeting date, 83 responses had been received. Based on
preliminary survey results, respondents felt that tornadoes posed the greatest threat to their
neighborhood, followed by severe thunderstorms/high winds and Hazmat incidents. 88 percent of the
respondents were interested in making their homes more resistant to hazards. However, 69 percent of
them dont know who to contact regarding reducing their risks to hazards.

Mr. Slaughter gave an overview of Mitigation Strategy Development and presented the proposed goals
for the regional plan based on a review of the goals in the existing county plans. The Regional Hazard
Mitigation Council accepted the proposed goals for the regional plan. Mr. Slaughter then asked each
county to provide a status update for their existing mitigation actions (completed, deleted, or deferred)
by July 10, 2013. Mr. Slaughter also discussed the Mitigation Action Worksheets to be completed for
any new mitigation actions and requested that all worksheets be returned by July 10, 2013.

Mr. Slaughter thanked the group for taking the time to attend and the meeting was adjourned.

MEMA District 4

Public Participation Survey
Results

Photo Source: Mississippi Emergency Management Agency
Provides an opportunity for the public to share
opinions and participate in the planning process
Link to survey posted on County websites
113 completed surveys received

MEMADISTRICT4REGIONALHAZARDMITIGATIONPLAN|PUBLICPARTICIPATIONSURVEYRESUTLS
Public Participation Survey Highlights
91% of respondents are interested in making
their homes more resistant to hazards
31% have already taken action to make their
homes more hazard resistant
68% do not know who to contact regarding risk
reduction
1. Where do you live?
13
3
2
1 1
14
7
3
1
2 2
3
1
13
3
11
1
4
1
2
1 1
2
6
12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
# of Responses
Calhoun County
Bruce
Calhoun City
Derma
Vardaman
Chickasaw County
Houston
New Houlka
Okolona
Choctaw County
Clay County
West Point
Lowndes County
Monroe County
Aberdeen
Amory
Hatley
Smithville
Macon
Oktibbeha County
Starkville
Webster County
Eupora
Winston County
Louisville
Noxapater
*Note: No responses were received from those jurisdictions not listed
2. Have you experienced a disaster?
56.9%
43.1%
Yes
No
2. Examples of disasters experienced
17.7%
59.5%
15.2%
6.3%
1.3%
Hurricanes
Tornadoes
Severe Storms/High Winds
Snow/Ice Storms
Flood
3. How concerned about possibility of disaster?
63.0%
35.2%
1.9%
Extremely Concerned
Somewhat Concerned
Not Concerned
4. Highest hazard threat?
1 1
2
1 1
27
75
1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
# of Responses
Extreme Heat
Hailstorm
HAZMAT
Pandemic
Severe Thunderstorm /
High Wind
Tornado
Wildfire
5. Second highest hazard threat?
1 1 1 1 1
3
1
11
58
28
2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
# of Responses
Drought
Earthquake
Extreme Heat
Flood
Lightning
Pandemic
Tornado
Wildfire
6. Other hazards not listed?
Poisoning Water Supply
Solar Storm / Electromagnetic Pulse
7. Is your home in a floodplain?
8.3%
71.3%
20.4%
Yes
No
I don't know
8. Do you have flood insurance?
13.0%
75.9%
11.1%
Yes
No
I don't know
8. Why no flood insurance?
47.0%
8.4%
9.6%
12.1%
19.3%
3.6%
Not located in floodplain
Too expensive
Not necessary: it never
floods
Not necessary: elevated or
otherwise protected
Never really considered it
Other
9. Taken action to be more hazard resistant?
31.1%
68.9%
Yes
No
9. Examples of actions taken

43.6%
25.6%
30.8%
Safe Room/Storm Shelter
Tree/Grass/Debris
Removal
Other Preparendess
Actions
10. Interested in being more hazard resistant?
90.6%
9.4%
Yes
No
11. Know who to contact for reducing risks?
32.4%
67.6%
Yes
No
12. Most effective way to receive information?
13.2%
10.4%
4.7%
27.4%
34.9%
8.5%
0.0%
0.9%
Newspaper
Television
Radio
Internet
Mail
Public workshops/
meetings
School Meetings
Other
12. Other ways to receive information
NOAA Radio

13. Steps local govt could take to reduce risk
30.0%
21.4%
18.6%
17.1%
12.9%
Storm Shelters
Warning Systems
Public Awareness
Regulations/Prevention
Other Preparedness
Actions
14. Other issues regarding risk and loss
More grants / loan assistance program for storm shelters
Mutual aid response from surrounding areas
Public communication in impacted areas
Better training for local officials
Better warnings and notice in rural areas

15. Mitigation Actions: Prevention
48.0%
41.8%
10.2%
Very important
Somewhat important
Not important
15. Mitigation Actions: Property Protection
46.9%
43.8%
10.4%
Very important
Somewhat important
Not important
15. Mitigation Actions: Natural Resource Protection
51.0%
43.9%
6.1%
Very important
Somewhat important
Not important
15. Mitigation Actions: Structural Projects
46.9%
45.9%
7.1%
Very important
Somewhat important
Not important
15. Mitigation Actions: Emergency Services
94.8%
4.1%
1.0%
Very important
Somewhat important
Not important
15. Mitigation Actions: Public Education & Awareness
78.4%
21.6%
0.0%
Very important
Somewhat important
Not important
15. Mitigation Actions: Summary
Highest importance
Emergency Services
Public Education & Awareness
Moderate importance
Natural Resource Protection
Lowest importance
Prevention
Structural Projects
Property Protection


MEMA District 4

Results

Photo Source: Mississippi Emergency Management Agency
In establishing a planning team, you want to ensure that you have a broad range of backgrounds and experiences
represented. Below are some suggestions for agencies to include in a planning team. There are many organizations, both
governmental and community-based, that should be included when creating a local team. In addition, state
organizations can be included on local teams, when appropriate, to serve as a source of information and to provide
guidance and coordination.
Use the checklist as a starting point for forming your team. Check the boxes beside any individuals or organizations that
you have in your community/state that you believe should be included on your planning team so you can follow up with
them.
Task A. Create the planning team Suggestions for team members. Date:____________
Local/Tribal
Administrator/Managers Office
Budget/Finance Office
Building Code Enforcement Office
City/County Attorneys Office
Economic Development Office
Emergency Preparedness Office
Fire and Rescue Department
Hospital Management
Local Emergency Planning Committee
Planning and Zoning Office
Police/Sheriffs Department
Public Works Department
Sanitation Department
School Board
Transportation Department
Tribal Leaders
Special Districts and Authorities
Airport and Seaport Authorities
Business Improvement District(s)
Fire Control District
Flood Control District
Redevelopment Agencies
Regional/Metropolitan Planning Organization(s)
School District(s)
Transit/Transportation Agencies
Others
Architectural/Engineering/Planning Firms
Citizen Corps
Colleges/Universities
Land Developers
Major Employers/Businesses
Professional Associations
Retired Professionals
State
Adjutant Generals Office (National Guard)
Board of Education
Building Code Office
Climatologist
Earthquake Program Manager
Economic Development Office
Emergency Management Office/State Hazard Mitigation Officer
Environmental Protection Office
Fire Marshals Office
Geologist
Homeland Security Coordinators Office
Housing Office
Hurricane Program Manager
Insurance Commissioners Office
National Flood Insurance Program Coordinator
Natural Resources Office
Planning Agencies
Police
Public Health Office
Public Information Office
Tourism Department
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
American Red Cross
Chamber of Commerce
Community/Faith-Based Organizations
Environmental Organizations
Homeowners Associations
Neighborhood Organizations
Private Development Agencies
Utility Companies
Other Appropriate NGOs
Worksheet #1 Build the Planning Team step

MEMA D4 Regional HMP Final

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

MEMA D4 Regional HMP Final

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

0

A key component in the formulation of a comprehensive approach to hazard mitigation is to develop,

1.5 SUMMARY OF PLAN CONTENTS

2.1 OVERVIEW OF HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING

2.2 HISTORY OF HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING IN MEMA DISTRICT 4

SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS

2.3 PREPARING THE 2013 PLAN

Localhazard mitigationplansarerequiredto be updatedeveryfiveyearstoremain eligibleforfederal

2.4 THE MEMA DISTRICT 4 REGIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION COUNCIL

2.4.1 MultiJurisdictional Participation

2.5 COMMUNITY MEETINGS AND WORKSHOPS

Immediately following the contractual Notice to

Nathan Slaughter, Project Manager from project

SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS

WINTERSTORM.Therehavebeen66 recordedwintereventsin theRegionsince1994resulting in

SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS

SINKHOLE. There is no significant historical record of sinkholes or land subsidence in Mississippi.

SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS

2.6.1 Public Participation Survey

Approximately 57 percent of survey respondents had been impacted by a disaster, mainly

2.7 INVOLVING THE STAKEHOLDERS

SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS

3.1 GEOGRAPHY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

SECTION 3: COMMUNITY PROFILE

SECTION 3: COMMUNITY PROFILE

3.3 HOUSING, INFRASTRUCTURE, AND LAND USE

SECTION 3: COMMUNITY PROFILE

3.3.3 Land Use

3.4 EMPLOYMENT AND INDUSTRY

4.2 DESCRIPTION OF FULL RANGE OF HAZARDS

4.3 DISASTER DECLARATIONS

SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

1550 2004 HURRICANEIVAN

4.4 HAZARD EVALUATION

Drought YES ReviewofStateofMS

4.5 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RESULTS

5.2 STUDY AREA

5.3.2 Location and Spatial Extent

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

5.3.4 Historical Summary of Insured Flood Losses

5.3.5 Repetitive Loss Properties

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

5.4.2 Location and Spatial Extent

5.4.3 Historical Occurrences

5.4.4 Probability of Future Occurrences

5.5 DAM AND LEVEE FAILURE

5.5.3 Historical Occurrences

5.5.4 Probability of Future Occurrence

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

5.6.2 Location and Spatial Extent

Nearlytheentire continental United Statesissusceptibletowinterstormandfreezeevents. Someice

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

Therehavebeenseveralseverewinter weathereventsintheMEMADistrict4Region. Thetext below

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

5.7.2 Location and Spatial Extent

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

5.7.4 Probability of Future Occurrences

5.8.2 Location and Spatial Extent

5.8.3 Historical Occurrences

SECTION 5: HAZARD PROFILES

5.8.4 Probability of Future Occurrences