6B Lab

ADS Fundamentals 2009
LAB 6: Design Guide, Transient, Momentum

Simulation and the DAC

0veiview - This exeicise teaches the funuamentals of cieating filteis in ABS anu using
the Tiansient simulatoi. The Besign uuiue is useu to builu a lumpeu component filtei
anu Nomentum is useu to test a miciostiip filtei.

OBJECTIVES
Builu a 2uu NBz IF low pass lumpeu filtei using a Besignuuiue
Builu a 19uu NBz RF banupass filtei in miciostiip.
Peifoim a Tiansient analysis on the miciostiip filtei.
Simulate the miciostiip filtei in Nomentum.
0PTI0NAL - BAC (uata access component) exeicise.

Copyiight Agilent Technologies
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Lab 6: Design Guide, Transient, Momentum, DAC

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Change projects and start the Design Guide. ...................................................... 3
2. Insert the LPF Smart Component and design the filter. ....................................... 3
3. Microstrip 1900 MHz bandpass filter. ................................................................... 7
4. Transient Analysis on the microstrip filter. ........................................................... 9
5. Momentum simulation from layout. .................................................................... 11
6. OPTIONAL - Impedance response Data Access Component. ......................... 17

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PR0CEB0RE
"# $%&'() *+,-)./0 &'1 0/&+/ /%) 2)03(' 4531)#
N0TE: If you uo not have access to the Besignuuiue, builu the filtei with lumpeu
components anu save it as filtei_lpf anu use it foi the final analysis lab.
These steps will show how a uesign guiue can quickly anu accuiately piouuce a filtei,
similai to E-syn, but with moie options anu gieatei contiol.
a. uo to the ABS Nain Winuow anu click 637) 8 9*)' :+,-)./.
b. Answei !"# %& '(( if you aie piompteu to save all youi cuiient woik.
Then open youi eailiei pioject: 0;0/)<=*+-.
.# Cieate a new schematic nameu: >37/)+=7*>#
1# Be suie it is the only schematic openeu on youi scieen. Now, thiee
Now, thiee steps aie neeueu to stait the piocess:
! Click the commanus: 2)03('4531) 8 637/)+ 8 637/)+ $,'/+,7
$,'/+,7 ?3'1,@.
! The new winuow, )*(%"+ ,"#*-./0*1",
,"#*-./0*1", will not be active until you inseit a schematic !"#$%
'(")(*+*% fiom the palette (next step).
! In the Filtei Besignuuiue contiol winuow, click
on the $,<*,')'/ :&7)//) A B77 icon (shown
heie). Immeuiately, the palette will appeai on
youi schematic winuow. You aie now ieauy to
inseit smait component. You coulu also inseit
the component fiist anu then open the Filtei Besign winuow - eithei
methou woiks.
C# D'0)+/ /%) E:6 F<&+/ $,<*,')'/ &'1 1)03(' /%) >37/)+#
a. In the Filtei Bu palette, select the E,@G:&00 E5<*)1 >37/)+
>37/)+ shown heie (BT = uual teiminateu). If a message
appeais, (shown heie) click 9H to uismiss it. Then inseit the
the component on the schematic. 0se the Esc key to enu the
the commanu.

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b. Position the Filtei Besignuuiue winuow next to the schematic so it is
active anu click on the 637/)+ B0030/&'/ /&I - it shoulu activate as shown
heie. If not, select the filtei in the SmaitComponent list. You aie now
ieauy to set the specifications.
c. In the Filtei Besignuuiue winuow (shown heie), entei the following thiee
filtei specifications:
(iipple) Ap (uB) = J#", (passbanu) Fp = J#C uBz, (stopbanu) Fs = "#C uBz
u. Aftei setting the filtei iesponse, click K)1+&@ to see the iesponse plot
change. This is a Butteiwoith iesponse. It will pioviue a low pass lumpeu
filtei foi the system IF output.

e. To uesign the filtei, click the 2)03(' button.


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f. In youi schematic, the Smait Component now has youi filtei
specifications anu the filtei ciicuit is cieateu. To veiify this, *50% into
*50% into the BT component. Afteiwaiu, *,* out as shown heie:
heie:

g. uo to the F3<57&/3,' B0030/&'/ anu set the sweep
sweep fiom J LMN /, "#O 4MN in "J LMN
"J LMN steps. Then click the F3<57&/)
F3<57&/) button anu watch what happens:
happens: a template iuns the S-paiametei
paiametei simulation anu uisplays the
the iesults.
h. Examine the uata uisplay anu move the
the maikei L" /, "JJ LMN. Notice the
the spec line at -2uuB (A to B) anu the
the peifoimance table that compaies the
compaies the input paiameteis to the iesults: the -2u uB stopbanu is at
8uu NBz which will be 0K foi oui system.
i. Scioll uown anu examine all the uata.
j. Save anu close all winuows using the ABS main winuow commanu: 637) 8
$7,0) B77. You will use this output signal filtei latei on in the couise.
Next, you will builu the input filtei.
This filtei will be
available in the
libiaiy foi use latei.
Euit the component
to uisplay the uesiieu
paiameteis.
filter_lpf

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O# L3.+,0/+3* "PJJ LMN I&'1*&00 >37/)+#
In these next steps, you will builu anu simulate a coupleu line filtei with the ABS ciicuit
simulatoi. Afteiwaiu, you will tiansfei it to ABS layout anu simulate using Nomentum.
This step is only intenueu to biiefly show how Nomentum woiks in a simple miciostiip
application.
a. Cieate a new schematic in the cuiient pioject (system_pij) nameu:
nameu: >37/)+="PJJ#
b. Fiom the QE3')0GL3.+,0/+3* *&7)//), inseit an L$6DE as
shown. Because the two enu components aie symmetiical
(CLin1 anu CLin2), save time by typing the W,S, anu L
paiameteis (shown heie) foi the fiist one anu then copy it.
Then inseit the miuule component (ClinS) anu type in its
values.
c. Inseit poit connectois on each enu as shown also.

u. Fiom the Niciostiip palette, inseit the substiate
uefinition LFRS as shown - no othei settings aie
iequiieu - the uefault substiate will be useu.
These two have the same values.

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N0TE on the filtei S-21 iesponse - The S-
paiametei simulation (S-21) of this filtei is
shown heie as a iefeience - theie is no neeu to
simulate it with the S-paiametei simulatoi at
this time.
e. In the schematic, click: 637) 8
2)03(' :&+&<)/)+0. When the
uialog appeais, select the ABS
built-in symbol foi a banupass
filtei: FTL=S:6 anu click 9H.

f. F&U) the uesign again so that all the mouifications aie also saveu. This is
the filtei that will be useu foi the following steps anu foi the final system
uesign.

F&U)1 1)03('V >37/)+="PJJ >,+ 50)
7&/)+ ,' 3' /%) 0;0/)<#

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W# Q+&'03)'/ B'&7;030 ,' /%) <3.+,0/+3* >37/)+#
a. Save the schematic (filtei_19uu) with a new name: >37/)+=/+&'0.
b. Nouify the schematic to look like the one shown below by 1)7)/3'( the
poit connectois.
c. Fiom the Souices-Time Bomain palette
palette inseit a X/F3') at the input (be
input (be suie to giounu it as shown). It
shown). It is iecommenueu to use Time
use Time Bomain souices foi Tiansient
Tiansient analysis.
u. Inseit a YJ ,%< iesistoi at the input anu on the output (with giounu).
e. Label pinnoues X3' anu X,5/ as shown. The ciicuit shoulu look like the
one shown heie.

f. Fiom the F3<57&/3,'GQ+&'03)'/ palette,
inseit a Tiansient simulation contiollei anu
set the Stop Time anu NaxTimeStep as
shown. The simulation will begin at time
zeio (uefault) anu stop aftei fifteen peiious
of the input signal (8 ns). In auuition, the
time step will sample at twice (Nyquist iule)
the iate of the highest spectial component
uesiieu, heie the 1S
th
haimonic.

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g. F3<57&/) anu aftei the simulation, inseit a iectangulai plot of X3' anu
X,5/ anu euit each tiace (Tiace 0ptions) to *7&.) 0;<I,7 &/ 1&/& - this
will show you the time points taken in the simulation.

h. Z,,< into the plot aftei S ns anu put
anu put the maikeis on the peaks of
peaks of vin anu vout as shown heie.
heie.
i. ?+3/) &' )[5&/3,' as shown to
calculate the uelay thiough the filtei:
filtei: <&+\)+=13>>)+)'.). This
calculates the X axis uiffeience
between maikeis using the 3'1)*
3'1)* function (inuepenuent vaiiable = time).
j. D'0)+/ & 730/ of <&+\)+=13>>)+)'.) anu use Plot 0ptions to iemove the
inuepenuent uata as shown. The value is the uelay thiough the filtei aftei
stait up (settling). Bepenuing upon wheie you zoom in anu wheie you
place the maikeis, youi value may uiffei slightly. The uelay thiough the
filtei is about 44 pico seconus as shown heie.

k. Save the schematic but keep it openeu. Save anu close the uata uisplay.
l. The next steps will be to simulate this filtei in Nomentum.
Tiace 0ptions Tab - Lineai Tab

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Y# L,<)'/5< 03<57&/3,' >+,< 7&;,5/#
a. 0pen >37/)+="PJJ anu save it with a new name: >37/)+=<,<.
b. Tiansfei the filtei_mom schematic to layout by clicking
clicking the schematic winuow commanuV E&;,5/ 8
4)')+&/)]R*1&/) E&;,5/.
c. When the next uialog appeai, be suie the Staiting Component is :" (poit
connectoi 1 fiom schematic) so that the left-to-iight layout will be
geneiateu coiiectly. Click 9H anu you shoulu see anothei uialog
inuicating that all components have been cieateu in the layout winuow.

u. The layout winuow anu the Layeis contiol will open. In the
the layout, veiify that you have thiee long coupleu lines with two
with two poits. Zoom in on a poit (shown heie), anu veiify that it
veiify that it is connecteu to the euge of the metal. Foi many
many Nomentum solutions, it is not necessaiy foi the poit to
to connect to the miuule of the line - it only neeus to be on the
Zoomeu-in poit connectoi.
Nomentum poits can
be inseiteu in layout
if the uiawing is
cieateu in layout.

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the euge.

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e. The next step is to uefine the substiate in
Nomentum. To uo this, use the Layout
commanus shown heie to tiansfei the schematic
schematic NS0B uefinition: L,<)'/5< 8
F5I0/+&/) 8 R*1&/) 6+,< F.%)<&/3..

f. veiify that the 1umil substiate uefinition is now in Nomentum. Click:
L,<)'/5< 8 F5I0/+&/) 8 $+)&/)]L,13>; anu you shoulu see the NS0B
values in the uialog.

g. You can also look at the E&;,5/ E&;)+0 tab to see how the uiawing layeis
in layout aie mappeu to the substiate: '(*, is a metal stiip layei. But B0
N0T change anything. Click 9H to uismiss the uialog.

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h. Befoie simulating, look at the Nomentum mesh
featuies. ClickV L,<)'/5< 8 L)0% 8 F)/5*. When the
When the uialog appeais, notice theie aie many mesh
mesh featuies. But foi now, be suie the Euge Nesh box
Nesh box is uncheckeu as shown anu click 9H.
^9Q_ ,' /%) L,<)'/5< *+,.)00 - the oiuei of steps is:
compute the substiate uefinition (uieen's functions), cieate
the mesh oi giiu pattein (cells), anu then simulate.

i. To simulate, clickV L,<)'/5< 8 F3<57&/3,' 8 FG*&+&<)/)+0. When the
uialog appeais, type in the sweep as shown: " 4MN to O 4MN using CY
*,3'/0 as the limit. Click R*1&/) anu it will appeai in the Fiequency Plan.
Next, click the F3<57&/) button anu click T)0 if the Question uialog
appeais. Watch the status winuow - the Auaptive sweep type is the
uefault anu its cuive fitting-like algoiithm will iun the EN (electio-
magnetic) simulation by solving selecteu points.

Nomentum
autoplot featuie

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j. When the ABS Bata Bisplay opens, you will see a message
message about the autoplot: check the box as shown heie
heie anu click 9H to uismiss it. Notice that the Nomentum
Nomentum autoplot template looks slightly uiffeient than
than ABS.
k. Z,,< in to the S21 plot. As shown heie, the expecteu iesponse is similai
to the iesponse that you woulu get fiom the ciicuit simulatoi with any
small uiffeience uue to the solution methous. Also, N,,< in anu look at
the mesh pattein.

l. Biaw a simple ciuue iectangle (icon shown heie) along the length of the
filtei. It shoulu be about 2uuu mils long anu 6u oi 7u mils wiue. When
you uiaw the iectangle, notice that the cuisoi begins uiawing at x-y u,u as
shown heie. Also, you can measuie an object, using the cuisoi, by
clicking in layout anu watching the values change heie. The point of this
step is to show how Nomentum can analyze the coupling between the
filtei anu the iectangle (metal).

m.
Zoom in to
see the
mesh cells.
W: 6u -
7u mils
Click, then move the cuisoi anu look at
the winuow bottom oi, to measuie an
object, use: D'0)+/ 8 L)&05+) anu click
on two points.
L : about 2uuu mils oi slightly longei then the filtei
Spacing between the filtei anu the
iectangle is about 1u mils on this enu.

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n. With the iectangle uiawn next to the layout, peifoim anothei Nomentum
simulation. Click: L,<)'/5< 8 F3<57&/3,' 8 FG*&+&<)/)+0 anu when
the uialog appeais, change the uataset name as shown heie,
>37/)+=<,<=0/+3* anu click B**7; anu F3<57&/).
o. This simulation will take a little longei because theie aie now moie
unknowns (cells) to calculate anu theiefoie moie computation time is
iequiieu. When the uata uisplay appeais, you shoulu see that theie is a
iesonance somewheie neai the banupass oi its euges, uepenuing upon
youi iectangle. This is the type of simulation that can only be
accomplisheu with Nomentum. view the S-21 iesults anu then .7,0) the
layout anu uata uisplay winuows. It is not necessaiy to save this uesign.

p. You now have two filteis that can be useu latei foi the RF system. They
aie: 1) >37/)+=7*> - this is the 2uu NBz low pass cieateu fiist, anu 2)
>37/)+="PJJ - you simulateu this miciostiip coupleu line filtei using the
Tiansient simulatoi anu Nomentum. At this time, .7,0) anu 0&U) all
uesigns anu winuows.

EXANPLE:
Naiiow
iesonance at
2.uS uBz uue to
coupling effects
of iectangle.

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`# 9:QD9^BE G D<*)1&'.) +)0*,'0) 2&/& B..)00 $,<*,')'/#
A BAC component is a file-baseu component. It may contain vaiious foimats of uata
fiom measuiements, listeu uata, oi any othei valiu file type that ABS can ieau. In this
step, you will cieate a simple file with complex impeuance values that vaiy ovei a
fiequency iange. Keep in minu that the BAC can be useu to cieate such mouels as:
fiequency sensitive impeuances, vaiactois, step functions, bit sequences foi souices,
time uomain sequences, anu many othei uses wheie a file is moie efficient than typing
in long equations oi lists on youi schematic. In geneial, the BAC woiks like this: it is a
component that points to a file in the uata uiiectoiy. In this example you cieate a file
that will be useu foi the impeuance paiametei of an ABS component - the simulatoi will
simply ieau the file.
a. 0pen a new schematic with the name: Z=2B$.
b. Refei to the schematic shown heie. Inseit a teimination with giounu, an
equation base lineai Z1P_Eqn (Z1poit) fiom the Eqn Baseu Lineai palette.
Then inseit an S-paiametei contiollei, anu a BAC fiom the Bata items
palette in theii uefault states (no setting yet).
c. Set the S-paiametei simulation as if it was the LPF: 1u NBz to 2uu NBz in
1u NBz steps as shown anu save the schematic again.

u. 0pen the Winuows ^,/)*&1 piogiam in F/&+/ 8
8 :+,(+&<0 8 B..)00,+3)0. 0i use the ABS Nain
Nain Winuow (Tools >Text Euitoi) if Notepau is the
Notepau is the uefault text euitoi (this can be
changeu).

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DL:9KQB^Q ^9Q_ ,' 2B$ /)a/ >37)0 - You shoulu ',/ use a piogiam that has
foimatting like NSW0RB. Bowevei, Notepau is 0K.
e. Wiite an <1> (multi-uimensional uata file) file shown heie anu save it in
the BATA uiiectoiy as: N=1&.#<1>.
^9Q_ ,' >37) /;*) #<1> - If necessaiy, use winuows
winuows file exploiei to change the name if it is
is saveu as a .txt file. Also, the syntax in the fiist
fiist column is 4 fiequency points, the seconu anu
anu thiiu columns contain the ieal anu imaginaiy
imaginaiy impeuance values at each fiequency.
fiequency.

f. 0n schematic, euit the S-paiametei contiollei. In
:&+&<)/)+0 /&I, set to compute Z *&+&<)/)+0
not S. In the 230*7&; tab, check Sweep vai, Stait,
Stop anu set them as shown to sweep >+)[ fiom
1u to 2uu NBz in 1u NBz steps. You will get
inteipolateu uata foi all the steps.

g. 0n the schematic, euit (uouble click) the Z":=_[' anu its euit uialog will
appeai as shown heie.
h. As shown heie, select 637) S&0)1 as the Paiametei Entiy Noue, anu
2B$", anu set the Bepenuent Paiametei Name to <;=N anu click 0K.

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i. _13/ /%) 2B$ as shown:
Type in the file name, select
the Type, etc. Also, -.#$/
(my_fieq) is the
inuepenuent vaiiable name
anu -.#0/ (fieq) is the inuepenuent vaiiable value. As "fieq" is swept,
"my_fieq" will be inuexeu in the file anu the BAC will ietuin complex
values of "my_z" inteipolateu ovei the iange.
j. Simulate anu plot two
tiaces, ieal anu imag, of
Z(1,1) as shown. As you
can see, the Zpoit can be
useu wheievei a
fiequency sensitive
component is iequiieu.
Foi multiple components,
simply cieate uiffeient
files anu access them as
iequiieu.

EXTRA EXERCISES:
1. Calculate the banuwiuth of the filtei in Tiansient simulation using the
iule-of-thumb: BW= u.SS iise time. Fiom time zeio until about 6 ns
shoulu be the iise time. Bowevei, use the maikeis anu the equations to
uo the calculation.
2. Tiy using the Besign uuiue foi anothei ciicuit type oi some othei uesign.
S. Cieate a BAC foi a fiequency sensitive inuuctoi anu simulate it in a
simple CLC filtei. The BAC will contain the inuuctoi values at each
fiequency.

ueneiic
NBIF

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6B Lab

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ADS Fundamentals 2009

LAB 6: Design Guide, Transient, Momentum

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