2014

GROUP: 4


ENTREPRENEURSHIP


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are thankful to Almighty Allah for giving us the strength, courage, tolerance
and wisdom to bring this report to completion. This report is done as a semester
report of our course ENTREPRENEURSHIP.

I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the
possibility to complete this report. A special gratitude I give to our course
instructor whose contribution in stimulating suggestions and encouragement
helped me to coordinate my project especially in writing this report. We also thank
her for giving us this opportunity.


















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PAST

The first course in entrepreneurship was presented at the Harvard Business School in 1947 by
Myles Mace. Early course mainly deal with small business management. On the other hand it
was many years before many business schools began to put forward a course of entrepreneurship
The concept of entrepreneurship played a formative role in the emergence of business history.
During the 1940s and 1950s business historians pioneered the study of entrepreneurship.
However the study of entrepreneurship ran into formidable methodological roadblocks.
Nevertheless Business historians made contributions to the study of entrepreneurship. Through
their diverse coverage of countries, regions and industries and through exploring the social,
economic and organizational institutional context matters to evaluating entrepreneurship.
Over the past 30 years entrepreneurship had a primary impact on two areas
A fascinating instrument for change
Field of an enchanting practice
As an instrument for change it has the power to make remarkable advancement on some of the
important social, environmental and economic justice issues around the world. As a field of an
enchanting practice entrepreneurship has a professional status, formalized programs in
educational institutions and has the ability to attract people and talent from wide sample of
discipline and backgrounds.






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PRESENT:
Entrepreneurship, as compared to the 90s has emerged a lot. In present time not only men but
also womens have also started to get in this field. Many young womens have started small
businesses of their favorite profession and are going a great job. Men have also gone very far in
this field as compared to the previous time.
The major challenge most of the rising countries and particularly Pakistan facing now is :

Jobless economic growth
Problem of maximum utilization of productive human resources, which is not possible
if women are not provided with right opportunity to build up her status in the society.

One solution to both the above problems is to device methods to support initial generation
entrepreneurs, which means we should promote more of job providers rather than job seekers.

While interest in entrepreneurship has observed significant growth in recent years. Today,
entrepreneurs have become one of the liveliest forces in the economy. Entrepreneurs are now
driving the technology explosion, which is itself driving much of the world's economic
expansion. This makes entrepreneurs very important from a macro-economic viewpoint.





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FUTURE:
As time goes on, and things get change many improvements also takes place. Like that after
researching things about entrepreneurship we conducted that as technology will improve,
opportunity will increase people will get more into this field and this field has a great future. The
extent of what entrepreneurship involves will keep on changing as the world continues to change
and grow, and yet there are some universal issues of how to begin a business, how to finance the
business, how to run the business that within the community we can share and learn from each
other. We need to radically think about new ways of coming mutually to deal with the
accelerating world of revolutionize.
The success of an entrepreneur and his/her enterprise depends on how fine the plan is executed
and built ahead. Of course, success doesn't come instantly and many times ideas are neglected
due to challenges and primary failures. For the reason there is a need of wide range of skills to
identify what they can do well to deal with the excess challenges faced by the entrepreneurs. The
good news is that through group conversation, educational resources, professional links, and
publications we can get support to deal challenges.





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RESEARCH PAPER NO. : 1

Women Entrepreneurship in India: Opportunities
and Challenges


SUMMARY 1:
This research paper is about the women entrepreneurship in India. The general meaning of
entrepreneurship is the art and science of innovation and risk taking for profit in a business. In
old times womens were not given opportunities to work as entrepreneurs and were expected to
be just house wives. But as time has changed, technology has increased so the mind of people
has changed too and now womens are working as entrepreneurs and they are doing a great job.
In the research paper , researches that took place tells us that the women entrepreneurship has
increased in the last two decades in India which is a very good sign as womens got an
opportunity to show their skills and prove themselves though they are not being capitalized and
motivated the way they should be.
According to the research the reason why womens are getting into this field is because to see
their inner potential to prove themselves that they are not less than anybody and to make their
selves recognized. And it is also a great activity for womens for their leisure times. They can get
paid through their small business as well as do the work they are fond of.
The research paper then puts some light on the problems faced by the womens in
entrepreneurship. The successful women entrepreneurs achieved their goals through help and
motivation they got but many of the womens doesnt get the motivation they seek and they face
problems like lack of motivation, lack of confidence, harassment , no financial support, no


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family support, gender discrimination etc. These problems are not letting the women work and
thus many of the womans are not doing the work they desire to do.
The problems can be overcome by changing the mindset of people and changing their attitude.
People should accept that womens should also be given respect and equal opportunities that are
given to men. Womens should be supported and motivated from their childhood and such
programs should be developed too that enhances womens ability and allows them to show their
creation.
CONCLUSION: The research paper in short, finds out the problems of women entrepreneurs,
the measures that need to be taken to overcome the problems through various questionnaire and
researches.


RESEARCH PAPER NO. 2
Are Successful Women Entrepreneurs Different
From Men?
SUMMARY 2:
It has been argued that Entrepreneurs play key role in boosting up the economy through their
innovations and by creating new business models. Despite the fact that they act as revolutionize
of the society and the economy, little is known about the motivation and force that drives them.
This paper has presented a detailed study of the similarities and differences between successful
men and women entrepreneurs. The value of this study is its detailed exploration of men and
women entrepreneurs motivations, backgrounds, and experiences. The ignorance of knowing
very little about female entrepreneurs is a serious blind spot in any effort to increase the total
number of entrepreneurs participating in the country. The Kauffman foundation has attempted to


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address this knowledge gap the following study. The data were collected in 2008-2009 from 549
respondents, or about 40 percent of the founders from randomly selected high-tech companies
who were invited to participate. More than half the respondents of each gender classified
themselves as working in computing or some other highly technical field. The study subjects also
had founded their current companies at about the same age and at around the same time.
Successful men and women entrepreneurs are similar in almost every respect. They had
equivalent levels of education, early interest in starting their own business, a strong desire to
build wealth etc. The data also identified differences among successful entrepreneurs e.g.
motivations for starting a business differed slightly between men and women. Women also rated
their professional and business networks more highly as important contributors to that success
than did men. Several of the identified gender differences indicate that support and
encouragement from key people can especially benefit women in their efforts to found successful
technical companies