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1 (TS-PU-0006-09)
CAN Communication
general purpose communication (UART) to real-time safety-related and emission systems communication (CAN). Types of serial communication used over the years include: UART (Universal Asynchronous Receive-Transmit) E&C (Entertainment and Comfort) SBI (Simple Bus Interface) SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) LIN (Linear Interconnect Network) Keyword 81, 82 and 2000 Class 2 Power steering control module, vehicle theft deterrent module, radio, HVAC control module, sensing and diagnostic module, digital radio receiver, remote control door lock receiver, sunroof control module. Wait, theres much more. Heated seat control module, DVD player, garage door opener, body control module, adjustable pedals control module, electronic brake control module, turn signal hazard flasher module. It goes on and on. Its commonplace today to see vehicles with these electronic control units and more. In order to facilitate all of the new electronics and still keep the amount of hardware, wiring and connectors to a minimum, a wide range of serial data strategies are being used. By using this type of architecture, the total circuitry in a given vehicle can be reduced as much as 75 percent. CAN (Controller Area Network)
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IN THIS ISSUE
CAN Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Search, Read and Comment at TechConnect Magazine Online . . . . . .1 Scan Tool Functional Diagnostics . . .4 GM VIN Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Emission System Testing Tips . . . . . . .5 When 4-Wheel Drive Fails . . . . . . . . . .5 40,000 and Counting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 TSS Q&A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 ASE Computer-Based Testing . . . . . . .6 Tech Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Training Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Serial Communication
The types of serial communication used by all manufacturers have quickly evolved from low-end, non-emission
ON THE WEB
www.acdelcotechconnect.com, click on the TechConnect Magazine link, or Log on to the ACDelco LMS, click on the Resources link
Marie Meredith
Desktop Publishing:
GMLAN operation includes the high-speed CAN bus and lower-speed Class 2 bus
CAN protocol calls for a label to be assigned to every message, giving it a unique identifier. The identifier classifies the content of the message, such as engine speed. Each module processes only those messages whose identifiers are stored in the modules acceptance list. This is CANs form of message filtering. The identifier labels both the data content and the priority of the message being sent. When more than one module starts to translate simultaneously, the message with the highest priority is assigned first access. For the Tech 2 scan tool to read GMLAN data, a CANdi (Controller Area Network diagnostic interface) module is needed.
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CAN Communication Off-Asleep No activity on the serial data circuits, modules asleep, minimum power usage
Off-Awake Activity on the serial data circuits, modules awake, expecting inputs RAP (Retained Accessory Power, if equipped) Modules that have functions enabled in RAP are fully operational, other modules in Off-Awake Accessory Modules that have functions enabled in Accessory are fully operational, other modules in Off-Awake Run All modules are fully functional Crank Those modules that have no function critical to engine starting are off to provide maximum power for cranking and starting operation The best way to check for a power moding problem is to look for DTCs. A DTC set in a module may let you know if there is a problem with a module or a basic power mode circuit fault. Some scan tools have a menu for checking power mode operation: select Diagnostic Circuit Check, then Power Mode.
One common type of network is a ring link network, which connects each control module to the next in line by a serial data line. To isolate control module faults, each module must be disconnected from the network. Each vehicle has main network connectors that can be disconnected so that the portions of the network can be isolated and checked for faults. Another common type of network is a star link network. This network has a serial data line that exits from each control module and a serial data line is connected to a central point. The central point is referred to as a splice pack. Some vehicles use two or more splice packs to tie all the modules together. In most applications, the bus bar used in each splice pack can be removed. A special diagnostic tool can be installed in its place, allowing each control module to be isolated and checked for a possible fault.
Networking
Networking is also known as multiplexing; a method of transferring data among distributed electronic control modules via a serial data bus. Without networking, dedicated, point-to-point wiring would result in bulky, expensive and even more complex wiring harnesses. The wiring harnesses of an average-size vehicle is one mile long, weighs 200 pounds, has 300 mating connectors and 2,000 pins.
A third type of network is a ring/star hybrid, which uses both techniques to connect control modules through a serial data line. Knowledge of exactly how each control module connects to the network is necessary to know which technique to use and when to use it. The next generation of high-speed vehicle communication may be fiber optics. Fiber optic cable is lightweight, very immune to electromagnetic interference and capable of handling data speeds of 25 megabits per second. Some Saab models feature a fiber optic communication system referred to as Media Oriented System Transfer (MOST). The cables are 2-3 millimeters thick. The transparent inner core is approximately one millimeter thick and is the master of the bus in a ring configuration. When handling and replacing fiber optic cable, the minimum bend radius is 25 millimeters and the flashing light emitted from a disconnected cable should not be viewed at close range. For more information about the latest communication protocols and networking systems, several ACDelco training courses are available. Visit www.acdelcotechconnect.com and click on the Training tab. Thanks to Mike Militello
The DTC information displayed includes symptom numbers that identify the type of failure, such as lost communication. Symptom numbers reduce the number of DTCs for each vehicle. For example, symptom 03 may indicate a short to ground and symptom 07 may indicate an open or short to voltage. Thanks to Bob Augustine
GM VIN Cards
Starting with the 2009 model year, GM no longer will print Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) cards. The information to decipher the VIN codes for all GM vehicles is provided electronically both in the Service Information and on the web at www.acdelcotechconnect.com. To access the VIN information, go to www.acdelcotechconnect.com and click on the GM VIN Information link on the left side of the home page. The VIN information is available without any password or login requirements. GM VIN information ranging from the current model year back to 1972 is available by clicking on the desired model year from the displayed list. The electronic information is presented in the same format as the familiar VIN card. The information can be printed or saved to your computer hard drive. Thanks to Mike DeSander
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The OE Advantage
Whichever repair is needed, GM Parts products designed for GM applications offer significant advantages over aftermarket competition. In the case of the actuator/encoder motor, GM original equipment removes a lot of uncertainty. Unlike remanufactured or reverse-engineered new motors supplied by the aftermarket, GM actuator motors meet rigorous OE design and construction standards. Plus, unlike remanufactured units, they dont carry a core charge. The remanufactured units of GM transfer cases are designed to fit more than 85 percent of GM model year 1995-2006 vehicles. They typically incorporate a range of new generation components spanning from snap rings, bearings and seals to pump tube connectors, chains and synchronizer rings. The reman transfer cases also yield a simpler replacement solution, with more mandatory replacement parts than aftermarket products. They all come with encoder motors so its not necessary to buy the motor separately. Devoted four-wheel drive vehicle owners arent ones to settle for half a solution. So, when they roll into your shop looking for the other half of their four-wheel drive, choose the competitively priced, technologically superior GM Parts solution. Thanks to Michael Henk
The TSS Q&A provides answers to common questions received by the ACDelco Customer Support Center.
Q: How do I check my exclusively yours rewards program points balance? A: To check your exclusively yours points balance online: Go to www.acdelcotechconnect.com Click on the Rewards link (in the ACDelco Incentives box on the left side of the home page) and log in using your Incentives User ID Select Reports to view any of your Personal Reports, including the Performance Report, which lists the amount of points earned yearto-date To check your current points balance over the phone, call 1-800-833-4866. You must have your exclusively yours card available when calling.
If you have any questions about the TSS program or any current ACDelco activities, contact the Customer Support Center at 1-800-825-5886, prompt 0.
The following technical tips provide repair information about specific conditions on a variety of vehicles. If you have a tough or unusual service repair, the TSS Technical Assistance Hot Line can help. Call 1-800-825-5886, prompt #2, to speak with a technical expert with the latest OEM information.
When this problem occurs, all of these symptoms are present, but the customer may not notice all of them. The probable cause is a communication problem between the F-CAN (Controller Area Network) and the PCM. An update of the PCM is required.
When viewed from the top, there may not be a visual indication that the box is not properly sealed. To reduce the risk of an improperly sealed air cleaner assembly and dirty air entering the engine, verify that the cover is seated correctly in the housing before reinstalling the cover bolts. To check that the cover is properly seated once the cover bolts have been torqued down, gently pull up on the cover/MAF Sensor adapter. This gives a positive indication that the tabs of the cover are seated in the hinge slots.
Diagnostic Assistance
For free technical diagnostic assistance and product information regarding specific ACDelco products, contact these toll-free information hotlines staffed by ASE-certified technicians: Brakes 1-888-701-6169 (prompt #1) Chassis 1-888-701-6169 (prompt #2) Clutches 1-888-725-8625 Lift Supports 1-800-790-5438 Shocks 1-877-466-7752 Starters and Alternators 1-800-228-9672 Steering 1-866-833-5567 Wiper Blades 1-800-810-7096
Western Region University of Alaska Glendale Community College American River College Cuyamaca College Fresno City College GM Training Center Las Positas Community College Arapahoe Community College Denver Training Center Anchorage Glendale Sacramento San Diego Fresno Burbank Livermore Littleton Denver Pearl City Twin Falls Billings Albuquerque N. Las Vegas Reno Portland Ogden Renton Seattle AK AZ CA CA CA CA CA CO CO HI ID MT NM NV NV OR UT WA WA
Training Locations
ACDelco offers numerous hands-on Instructor-Led Training (ILT) courses at many convenient locations around the country. Following are the ACDelco training locations.
ACDelco Instructor-Led Training Locations City State
Leeward Community College College of Southern Idaho MSU - Billings College of Technology Central New Mexico Community College Community College of Southern Nevada Truckee Meadows Community College Portland Community College Little Rock Council Bluffs Overland Park Wichita Lee's Summit Springfield St. Louis Raymond Tulsa Memphis Austin Corpus Christi Garland Houston Pasadena McAllen San Antonio Fort Worth San Angelo AR IA KS KS MO MO MO MS OK TN TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX Weber State University Renton Technical College Shoreline Community College North Central Region Des Moines Area Community College GM Training Center Ivy Technical State College Delta College GM Training Center Grand Rapids Community College Michigan Technical Education Center Dunwoody College of Technology Minnesota State Community & Technical College Bismarck State College Cincinnati State Community College Columbus Automotive Dist Warehouse Cuyahoga Community College Sinclair Community College Stark State College Auto Tech Center South East Technical Institute Huntsville Bessemer Montgomery Jacksonville Sarasota Sanford Hollywood Albany Alpharetta Evansville Lexington Matthews Winston Salem Goldsboro Spring Hill Goochland AL AL AL FL FL FL FL GA GA IN KY NC NC NC TN VA Fox Valley Technical College Waukesha County Community College Northeast Region GM STC Training Center Mass Bay Community College Montgomery College Lakes Region Community College Erie Community College GM Training Center Hudson Valley Community College Community College of Allegheny County Harrisburg Area Community College Slippery Rock University
South Central Region Pulaski Technical College Iowa Western Community College Johnson County Community College Wichita Area Technical College Longview Community College Ozarks Technical Community College St. Louis Training Center Hinds Community College Career Center Tulsa Tech Lemley Campus Southwest Tennessee Community College Austin Community College Del Mar College West Campus GM Training Center North Harris College San Jacinto College South Texas Community College CAAT Center St. Philips College Tarrant County College West Texas Training Center Southeast Region J.F . Drake State Technical College Lawson State Community College Trenholm State Technical College Florida Community College Sarasota County Technical Institute Seminole Community College Sheridan Technical College Albany Technical College GM Training Center Ivy Tech Community College Central Kentucky Technical College Central Piedmont Community College Forsyth Technical Community College Wayne Community College GM Service Technical College J. Sargeant Reynolds, Western Campus
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IA IL IN MI MI MI MI MN MN ND OH OH OH OH OH SD WI WI
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TS-PU-0006-09