Samuel C.

Arms Public Writing Braun 27 January Annotated Bibliography

Grogan, Martha, M.D. "Diseases and Conditions." Grass-fed Beef: What Are the Heart-health Benefits? N.p., 25 Jan. 2012. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. Martha Grogans brief article gives a short professional overview of the argument on whether grass fed beef is actually healthier to consume than its cheaper, grain fed, counterpart. She uses her own professional knowledge on the subject to analyze the nutrients found in each meat due to the diet of the animal. She notes that conventional, grain fed, cattle consume a diet of mainly corn and soy feed, while the grass fed cattle consume a variety of natural grasses. She breaks down the good and bad fat content of each source of meat and explains their relevance to the human bodys diet. She goes on to explain that grass fed meat may contain higher content of many healthy nutrients including Omega 3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids, vitamin E, and other antioxidants. Her article also states that grass fed beef can be much leaner and contain less total fat than grain fed beef does. She summarizes her article by saying that any lean beef, 10 percent fat or less, can be part of a healthy diet, however grass fed beef can contain many more heart healthy benefits.

Robbins, John. "The Truth About Grassfed Beef." Food Matters. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.

John Robbins article covers many of the same points that Grogans article did, but in much more detail. He also adds in many of his own points. He starts his article off by talking about how there has been a very rapid increase in grass fed and organic beef farms around the U.S. over the past ten years. He then goes on to explain how the cows body functions and how they are physiologically engineered to convert grass, which is not edible to humans, into proteins that are essential to our diet. Robbins goes on to explain why feedlots are so inefficient He states that when it comes to many feedlot, grain fed, cattle operations, the input of proteins into their diet is more than that animal will produce in the form of meat. Robbins goes on to talk about the less than sufficient conditions that feedlot animals are kept in. He also speculates why the government continues to subsidize the industrial feed lots that produce our meat. He goes into detail on the harmful pathogens that cattle can acquire from living in confined quarters and the nutrients that are depleted from such.

Daley, Cynthia A., Amber Abbott, Patrick S. Doyle, Glenn A. Nader, and Stephanie Larson. "A Review of Fatty Acid Profiles and Antioxidant Content in Grass-fed and Grain-fed Beef." Nutrition Journal. N.p., 10 Mar. 2010. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. This article is simply what the title says it is, a review of the fatty acid profiles and nutrients in the two different types of beef that are commonly debated. It is a scholarly article that uses an intense amount of research and factual evidence to give the reader an unbiased view of the argument over whether grass fed beef is better for nutritional purposes than grain fed, or feed lot, beef is. They analyze the antioxidants and fat contents of both types of beef and they give a synapsis of their research to inform the reader about the facts that exist on the topic.

"GRACE Communications Foundation." GRACE Communications Foundation. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2014.

This article covers more than just beef. It is divided into specific sections that analyze the conditions and health of hogs, cows, and poultry in both grass fed and grain fed farms. They also talk about the production of soy and corn and the percentage of both that are put directly into animal feed. This article focuses on the instabilities in the commercial meat industry and the true unsustainability of continuing the same type of production for an extended amount of time.