APES in a Box: Energy Alternatives Energy from Biomass: Derived by directly burning plant material and animal waste.

Charcoal: Burning wood to remove moisture. Advantages: higher mas, easy portability, easy to found. Disadvantages: Deforestation, damage to respiratory system, consumers. Waste Power: Methane that is produce by bacteria in landfills. Available. Infrastructure to develop and transport. Ethanol: Alcohol produced by the fermentation plant. Produce by the corn in USA. Mixed with gasoline to produce gasohol. Advantages: cleaner than gasoline, In place. Disadvantages: Use of food resources, lower energy, corn fertilizer are needed. Biodiesel: Plant or algae. Advantages: Higher net energy, better mileage, lower Co and Co2 emission. Disadvantages: Land use, net energy, higher No2 emissions. Its all about the Turbines: Turbine, Generator, electricity. Ways to spin ir: Steam, wind, moving water. To make it: Coal, oil, solar, geothermal, nuclear, burning biomass, natural gas. Geothermal: Using the heat stored underground. Small percentage of worldwide energy. Cools, heats, generates energy for home. Advantages: lower greenhouse emissions, Wide spread application for heating and cooling. Disadvantages: Potential to subsidence, increased seismic activity from hydraulic fracturing, high cost to start. Hydroelectric: Moving water, dams, tidal energy. Efficient and predictive energy. Higher net. flood control, reservoirs can be use are recreations. Disadvantages: Expensive at first, habitat destruction, kills fish migration. Nuclear:

Method of producing electricity. Uranium ore is minded, enriches is used. Reserves: Are vast, 30% exist in Australia, US 4% of world reserves. Advantages: Emits little Co2, water main emitted, low risk of incidents. Disadvantages: Low and negative net energy, high cost, environmental disasters, extremely toxic, public fear. Solar power: Photovoltaic power: Advantages: No direct emissions, system are expandable and portable. little maintenance, Disadvantages: high start cost, requires sun. Passive solar: Use of energy from the sun to heat air or water. Advantages: Little disruption, relative inexpensive, low or no emission, high net energy. Disadvantages: Building material expensive, only works when sun is shining. Wind power: Windmills Turbines are connected to an electrical generator that produces electricity as long as turbine is spinning. Advantages: High net energy gain, easy to expand, no direct emissions, little land disruption. Disadvantages: Maintenance, minor noise pollution, turbines can kill birds and bats.