Quad-Lock Product Manual Print

PRODUCT MANUAL
July 2009 Version 2.20
PRODUCT MANUAL
Welcome to Quad-Lock!
The most versatile and highest quality Insulating Concrete Forming System.
QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. was established in 1994 in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada. QUAD-LOCK develops, manufactures and distributes its patented Insulating Concrete Form (ICF) system.
The QUAD-LOCK System was conceived and engineered to reduce the cost and increase the versatility of cast in place concrete walls and help our environment by saving energy.
QUAD-LOCK is a panel type ICF system consisting of Panels, Ties, Metal Tracks and Metal Brackets. QUAD-LOCK panels are made with high density, fire retardant expanded polystyrene beads (EPS) and contain no formaldehyde, HFCs, CFCs or other harmful substances. Four panel configurations are currently available, 2" [58mm] thick regular and 4" [108mm] thick Plus Panels, each available with or without fastening strips molded into each panel. These panels can be combined allowing 10 different wall configurations and the resulting R-Values range from R-22 to R-38 [U0.28 to U-0.15]. Plastic ties ingeniously connect the panels, secure the reinforcing steel in place, while also providing a means to anchor drywall, siding and temporary bracing. Ties are available in many sizes to form different wall thicknesses. The Metal Track is used to start and finish the wall and the Metal Brackets eliminate additional outside bracing at corners and angles. Metal Brackets come in a 90 version and in an adjustable version accommodating almost any angle. The revolutionary QUAD-DECK floor, roof, and tilt-up forming system is a pan floor form designed for both commercial and residential construction. QUAD-DECK panels shape a series of T-beams every 24" [610mm] which integrate with a concrete slab. The resulting monolithic concrete structure now provides two-way span capacity and a shear plane, for superior structural performance.
The few components of the QUAD-LOCK System ensure simplicity in design, construction and supply. Applications include load bearing walls, shear walls, fire resistant walls, basement walls, retaining walls, and foundation walls incorporated in residential, industrial and institutional construction. QUAD-LOCK can easily be shaped to form the design elements of modern buildings openings, corners, angles, curves and arches.
QUAD-LOCK is dedicated to hiring only individuals with extensive, successful construction and sales experience to best serve your needs.
For assistance with this manual or the QUAD-LOCK product, please contact the regional sales representative serving your area or contact our head office: QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. 7398 132nd Street Surrey, BC V3W 4M7 Canada Tel: +1 604.590.3111 Fax: +1 604.590.8412 Toll free: 888.711.5625 Website: www.quadlock.com Patents: Canada 2,188,945 China 95,193,961.0 Japan 3570723 Mexico 200,243 USA 5,704,180 QUAD-LOCK Building Systems GmbH Blumenstr. 1 80331 Mnchen Germany Tel: +49 (0)89 260 3066 Fax: +49 (0)89 360 8471 Toll Free: 0800 7115625 Website: www.quadlock.de
QUAD-LOCK Building Systems is constantly reviewing manufacturing and construction methods to ensure a well engineered, quality product at the lowest cost to customers. QUAD-LOCK Building Systems reserves the right to update this manual as appropriate and asks that you check online for the most recent version and request a printed copy, if needed.
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PRODUCT MANUAL DISCLAIMER QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. believes the information contained herein to be accurate at the time of preparation. The information has been compiled using sources believed to be reliable. Neither QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. nor its employees or representatives make any representation or warranty, express or implied, whether arising by statute, operation of law, custom of trade or otherwise, with respect to the accuracy or completeness of information contained in this document or its fitness for any particular purpose, nor do they assume any liability for damages or injury resulting from the application of such information. QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. assumes no responsibility regarding the use of its products or any other third party products referred to in this document. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with all applicable regulations and building code requirements concerning the use of these products. It is further the responsibility of the user to research and understand safe methods of use and handling of these products. Warning about corrosion of metal components: QUAD-LOCK metal parts are galvanized to minimize corrosion, however, please be aware that: Metal connectors, anchors, fasteners, and other metal components will corrode and lose load carrying capacity, if installed in corrosive environments. Many new types of treated wood are highly corrosive to metal components, especially lumber treated with ACQ (alkaline copper quaternary). QUAD-LOCK recommends that metal components should NOT be used in contact with treated lumber in exterior applications or anywhere water is likely to be present (unless you ensure compatibility of your treated lumber with the metal components). For exterior applications, the project engineer should specify the type, size and spacing of corrosion resistant bolts, concrete anchors, and other metal fasteners.
TRADEMARKS QUAD-LOCK, QUAD-DECK and any other marks, drawings or symbols identifying products and/or services of QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. are trademarks of QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
LIMITED PRODUCT WARRANTY QUAD-LOCK Building Systems Ltd. (Quad-Lock) warrants that its products are free from manufacturing defects affecting the products intended use as concrete forms (Defects). If the customer believes that the products have Defects, the customer will return samples of the defective products to Quad-Lock and upon Quad-Lock being satisfied that the products have Defects, Quad-Lock will replace the defective products or refund the purchase price, at QuadLocks option. No other warranty is applicable or will be implied. The customer hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights with respect to any implied terms or warranties under the provisions of the Sale of Goods Act or under any law or legislation of similar effect whether now or hereafter in effect. The customer acknowledges and agrees that except as provided herein, there are no conditions, warranties or guarantees whatsoever, express or implied, that the products are of a particular quality or condition, durability, or fit for any particular purpose.
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PRODUCT MANUAL
Table of Contents 1 Introduction__________________________________________________________ 1

Product Description ______________________________________________________________ 1 Designing with Quad-Lock________________________________________________________ 13 Advantages, Features and Benefits ________________________________________________ 15
2 Design & Construction Details _________________________________________ 17

Overview _____________________________________________________________________ Pre-Planning __________________________________________________________________ Tools ________________________________________________________________________ Footings ______________________________________________________________________ Metal Track ___________________________________________________________________ Standard Walls ________________________________________________________________ Corners ______________________________________________________________________ Special Wall Elements ___________________________________________________________ Window and Door Openings ______________________________________________________ Floor Connections ______________________________________________________________ Framing Connections ___________________________________________________________ Solid Wall Cap _________________________________________________________________ Connections to Other Walls _______________________________________________________ Electrical _____________________________________________________________________ Plumbing _____________________________________________________________________ Gable Forming _________________________________________________________________ Cabinetry and other Heavy Items __________________________________________________ 17 17 18 21 24 27 27 40 62 71 81 87 87 89 92 93 94
3 Bracing ____________________________________________________________ 96
Installation ____________________________________________________________________ 96
4 Interior and Exterior Finishes _________________________________________ 100

Finish Descriptions ____________________________________________________________ Drywall / Gypsum _____________________________________________________________ Adhesives and Sealants ________________________________________________________ Acrylic Finishes and Exterior Insulated Finish Systems (EIFS) ___________________________ Siding ______________________________________________________________________ Brick and Stone _______________________________________________________________ 100 101 102 103 105 106
5 Water/Damp-Proofing________________________________________________ 115 6 Concrete and Rebar _________________________________________________ 118

Concrete ____________________________________________________________________ 118 Reinforcing Steel (Rebar) _______________________________________________________ 126 Complimentary Products: _______________________________________________________ 127
7 Quad-Deck Floor and Roof System ____________________________________ 129

Quad-Deck __________________________________________________________________ 129 Quad-Deck Tilt-Up Panels: ______________________________________________________ 131 Green Roof Installation: _________________________________________________________ 132
8 Technical Specifications _____________________________________________ 137

Technical Specifications for Quad-Lock EPS Panels __________________________________ Technical Specifications for Quad-Lock Insulated Concrete Walls ________________________ Findings of Tests Performed on Quad-Lock _________________________________________ Material Safety Data Sheet ______________________________________________________ 137 138 141 145
9 Primer: Air Circulation _______________________________________________ 146

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Appendix A - Engineering Design Tables (Canada) & CCMC Evaluation ________ 147 Appendix B - Engineering Design Tables (USA) & ICC Evaluation _____________ 161 Appendix C - Building Code References ___________________________________ 176
USA: _______________________________________________________________________ Canada: _____________________________________________________________________ UK: ________________________________________________________________________ CE (Europe): _________________________________________________________________ Germany: ____________________________________________________________________ South Africa: _________________________________________________________________ Romania: ____________________________________________________________________ Bahamas: ___________________________________________________________________ 176 177 178 178 178 178 178 178
PRODUCT MANUAL
Table of Figures
Please note that the figures contained within this Product Manual can be downloaded from the Quad-Lock web-site at www.quadlock.com. Figure 1: Quad-Lock Components ___________________________________________________________________ 2 Figure 2: Regular Quad-Lock Panel __________________________________________________________________ 3 Figure 3: Quad-Lock Plus Panel _____________________________________________________________________ 4 Figure 4: Quad-Lock Plus - Positioning of Ties __________________________________________________________ 4 Figure 5: Quad-Lock FS Panel - Position of Fastening Strips ______________________________________________ 5 Figure 6: Quad-Lock Plus-FS Panel - Position of Fastening Strips __________________________________________ 5 Figure 7: Quad-Lock Standard Ties __________________________________________________________________ 6 Figure 8: Quad-Lock Unit - R-30 [U-0.20] ______________________________________________________________ 6 Figure 9: Quad-Lock Standard Ties - Dimensions _______________________________________________________ 7 Figure 10: Tie Layout Front View Dimensions _________________________________________________________ 7 Figure 11: Quad-Lock Extender Tie __________________________________________________________________ 8 Figure 12: Wall Transition with Brick Ledge Tie _________________________________________________________ 8 Figure 13: Slab Tie & Slab Bracket ___________________________________________________________________ 9 Figure 14: Slab Tie & Slab Bracket Assembly __________________________________________________________ 9 Figure 15: Corner Brackets ________________________________________________________________________ 10 Figure 16: Assembly of Angle ______________________________________________________________________ 10 Figure 17: Window Bracket ________________________________________________________________________ 11 Figure 18: End Cap Assembly _____________________________________________________________________ 11 Figure 19: Metal Track at Top and Bottom ____________________________________________________________ 12 Figure 20: Wire Top Ties used with Metal Track________________________________________________________ 12 Figure 21: Flex-C Trac Flex-C Angle Trac (single-side track required for Plus Panels) _______________________ 13 Figure 22: Tools for the project _____________________________________________________________________ 18 Figure 23: Split Tie ______________________________________________________________________________ 19 Figure 24: Cut Flanges ___________________________________________________________________________ 19 Figure 25: Wall Widths and Insulating Values__________________________________________________________ 20 Figure 26: Stepped Footing ________________________________________________________________________ 21 Figure 27: Panel Cuts over Stepped Footing __________________________________________________________ 22 Figure 28: Panels Tapered to Compensate for out-of-level Footing _________________________________________ 23 Figure 29: Footing with Metal Track and Rebar Dowels __________________________________________________ 24 Figure 30: Installation of Hit-Anchors ________________________________________________________________ 25 Figure 31: Plywood Templates fit to Wall Dimension ____________________________________________________ 25 Figure 32: Typical Wall to Footing Connection Detail ____________________________________________________ 26 Figure 33: Thickened Edge Slab on Grade ____________________________________________________________ 27 Figure 34: Full Panels at First Course Outside Corner ___________________________________________________ 28 Figure 35: Inside Panels Cut Back by Cavity Size + 2" [25mm] ____________________________________________ 28 Figure 36: Panel Pairs Cut and Fit at Corner __________________________________________________________ 29 Figure 37: Corner Brackets & Ties Installed at Corner ___________________________________________________ 29 Figure 38: Second Row Full Panels Centered Over Joints ________________________________________________ 29 Figure 39: Corner Assembly Second Course_________________________________________________________ 30 Figure 40: Corner Assembly with Corner Brackets, 6" [152mm] Wall________________________________________ 31 Figure 41: Corner Assembly with Corner Brackets, 8" [203mm] Wall________________________________________ 31 Figure 42: Corner Assembly with Corner Brackets, 10" [250mm] Wall_______________________________________ 32 Figure 43: R-22 Corner ___________________________________________________________________________ 34 Figure 44: R-30 Corner ___________________________________________________________________________ 34 Figure 45: R-38 Corner ___________________________________________________________________________ 35 Figure 46: Corner Rebar Placement (plan view) ________________________________________________________ 36 Figure 47: Corner Assembly Overview _______________________________________________________________ 37 Figure 48: Starter Panels Ripped to Adjust Wall Elevation ________________________________________________ 38 Figure 49: Finishing the Top of Walls with Metal Tracks and Wire Top Ties __________________________________ 39 Figure 50: Assembly of Angles _____________________________________________________________________ 40 Figure 51: Angled Wall Cutting, Bracket & Tie Placement (Imperial) ________________________________________ 42 Figure 52: Angled Wall Cutting, Bracket & Tie Placement (Metric) _________________________________________ 43 Figure 53: T-Wall Panel & Tie Placement _____________________________________________________________ 44 Figure 54: T-Wall Assembly w/ two Outside Corner Brackets (plan view) ____________________________________ 45 Figure 55: T-Wall Assembly with 2 Outside Corner Brackets (3D) __________________________________________ 45 Figure 56: Pilaster Built with Quad-Lock Components ___________________________________________________ 47 VI
PRODUCT MANUAL Figure 57: Radius Wall Panels Cuts _______________________________________________________________ 48 Figure 58: Radius Wall (tight radius) _________________________________________________________________ 49 Figure 59: Radius Wall (wide radius) ________________________________________________________________ 49 Figure 60: Extender Tie Assembly (18" [457mm] cavity shown)____________________________________________ 55 Figure 61: Wide Walls ____________________________________________________________________________ 56 Figure 62: Typical Monolithic Footing / Wall Set Up _____________________________________________________ 58 Figure 63: Wall Width Transition & Ledger Connection __________________________________________________ 59 Figure 64: Wall Width Transition using Quad-Lock Plus Panels ____________________________________________ 60 Figure 65: Double Wall / Common Wall ______________________________________________________________ 61 Figure 66: Vent Wall Penetration ___________________________________________________________________ 62 Figure 67: Wood Buck-Out and Bracing ______________________________________________________________ 63 Figure 68: Window Attachment Options ______________________________________________________________ 64 Figure 69: Insulated Opening ______________________________________________________________________ 65 Figure 70: Attachment Options of Windows to Concrete _________________________________________________ 65 Figure 71: Attachment of Roll-Up Storm Shutter________________________________________________________ 66 Figure 72: Window Rough Opening (Internal Buck) _____________________________________________________ 67 Figure 73: Door Rough Opening ____________________________________________________________________ 68 Figure 74: Arched Openings _______________________________________________________________________ 69 Figure 75: Typical Lintel with Stirrups Detail ___________________________________________________________ 70 Figure 76: Installation of Floor Ledger with Bracket System _______________________________________________ 72 Figure 77: Ledger Installation using ICF Ledger Connectors ______________________________________________ 73 Figure 78: Typical Ledger Board Connection w/ Anchor Bolts _____________________________________________ 75 Figure 79: Installation of Floor Ledger with Conventional J-Bolts ___________________________________________ 76 Figure 80: Ledger Placement and Support ____________________________________________________________ 77 Figure 81: Concrete Floor Construction Details ________________________________________________________ 78 Figure 82: Typical Composite Steel Deck Slab Floor Connection with Steel Joists _____________________________ 79 Figure 83: Typical Hambro Composite Floor System Connection __________________________________________ 80 Figure 84: Typical Hollow Core Precast Floor Slab Connection ____________________________________________ 81 Figure 85: Sill Plate Options _______________________________________________________________________ 82 Figure 86: Typical Wall to Floor & Framing Connection __________________________________________________ 83 Figure 87: Typical Roof Rafter or Truss - Low Uplift Connection ___________________________________________ 84 Figure 88: Typical Roof Rafter or Truss - Hurricane/Seismic Strap Connection________________________________ 85 Figure 89: Cantilevered Joist Connection _____________________________________________________________ 86 Figure 90: Forming for Solid Wall Cap _______________________________________________________________ 87 Figure 91: Typical Interior Partition Wall Connection (plan view) ___________________________________________ 87 Figure 92: Typical Interior Partition Wall Connection, Direct to Concrete (plan view) ___________________________ 88 Figure 93: Typical Interior Partition Wall Connection, Screwed to Tie Flange (plan view) ________________________ 88 Figure 94: Typical Connection to Existing Concrete Wall _________________________________________________ 89 Figure 95: Plumbing / Electrical Wall Penetration _______________________________________________________ 90 Figure 96: Installation of Electrical Boxes and Wiring ____________________________________________________ 92 Figure 97: Plumbing Installation (After-Pour Method) ____________________________________________________ 93 Figure 98: Gable Forming _________________________________________________________________________ 94 Figure 99: Attaching Heavy Items ___________________________________________________________________ 94 Figure 100: Metal Bracing System (Metal Track Ladder Brace at top of wall) _________________________________ 97 Figure 101: Wood Wall Bracing ____________________________________________________________________ 98 Figure 102: Exterior Wood Bulkheads _______________________________________________________________ 99 Figure 103: Drywall Attachment ___________________________________________________________________ 101 Figure 104: Stucco _____________________________________________________________________________ 103 Figure 105: Siding Attachment with external furring strips _______________________________________________ 105 Figure 106: Stone and Brick Veneer ________________________________________________________________ 106 Figure 107: Fiber Cement Siding Applied to Zero-Clearance Walls ________________________________________ 106 Figure 108: Brick Ledge 100% Bearing with Stepped out Plus Panels _____________________________________ 107 Figure 109: Brick Ledge with Steel Angle Support _____________________________________________________ 108 Figure 110: Brick Ledge 100% Bearing with Temporary Plywood Form ____________________________________ 108 Figure 111: Brick Ledge 100% Bearing with Quad-Lock Brick Ledge Tie ___________________________________ 109 Figure 112: Brick Ledge on Top of Wall (Framed Wall above) ____________________________________________ 110 Figure 113: Assembly of Brick Ledge with FAST ____________________________________________________ 111 Figure 114: Fastening Pattern for Drainage Board _____________________________________________________ 117 Figure 115: Internal Concrete Vibrator ______________________________________________________________ 120 Figure 116: Compressive Strength of Continuously Moist Cured Concrete __________________________________ 123 Figure 117: Typical Lap Patterns at Corners & T-Walls _________________________________________________ 126 Figure 118: Rebar Placement _____________________________________________________________________ 127 Figure 119: Typical Quad-Deck & Concrete Cross Section ______________________________________________ 129 VII
PRODUCT MANUAL Figure 120: Cross Section Showing Continuous Steel Flange Placement ___________________________________ Figure 121: Elements of a Green Roof ______________________________________________________________ Figure 122: Typical Quad-Deck Floor-to-Wall Connection _______________________________________________ Figure 123: Typical Quad-Deck Floor Internal Wall Connection ___________________________________________ Figure 124: Typical Quad-Deck Flat Roof Connection __________________________________________________ Figure 125: Typical Passive House Ventilation Systems _______________________________________________ 131 133 134 135 136 146
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PRODUCT MANUAL
1 I NT ROD UC T I ON
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Quad-Lock - The Most Versatile Insulating Concrete Forms
Build nearly unlimited wall widths, 3 different insulation values, corners, angles, T-walls, columns, pilasters, brick ledges, and radius walls, using just a few standard components. Panels made of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) and ties made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) or Polypropylene (PP) create a concrete form that will accommodate vertical and horizontal reinforcing steel as required. Temporary bracing is usually required for vertical and horizontal alignment only. Filling the cavity with concrete will create solid concrete walls with 2-4 hour Fire Resistance Ratings (FRR). The EPS Forming System will stay in place and turn into the best insulation available today, saving you energy costs for the lifetime of the building. Five different wall widths are available (nominal concrete widths of 12" [305mm], 10" [250mm], 8" [200mm], 6" [150mm], and 4" [100mm]) and can be combined with the Quad-Lock XT Extender Tie to add 12" [305mm] to any standard cavity size. Three Insulation Values are possible, giving you the choice of true R-Values of 22, 30 and 38 (h*ft*F/BTU) / U-values of 0.28, 0.20 and 0.15 (W/(m*K)). The Quad-Lock System encompasses these components: Panels made of EPS, available in 2 thicknesses (2" and 4" [51mm and 108mm]) Ties made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) or Polypropylene (PP) o 5 standard lengths plus Extender Ties and Brick Ledge Ties Corner, Angle and Window Brackets to eliminate bracing at corners Metal J-Track, Flex-Track and Wire Top Ties for starting and finishing the wall assembly
These components will allow you to assemble all concrete forming for your walls, including corners, arches, any angles, columns and pilasters, as well as TWall connections. Transport and storage costs of Quad-Lock are substantially lower compared to pre-assembled block systems. Ordering and keeping track of inventory is easier (you would need at least 45 different parts to do the same with pre-assembled blocks). The Excel-based Quad-Lock Estimating program makes it quick and easy to calculate all materials needed for your job and the cost.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
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PRODUCT MANUAL
Figure 1: Quad-Lock Components
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Quad-Lock Panels
Regular Quad-Lock Panels are 48" [1219mm] long, 12" [305mm] high, and 2" [57mm] thick with interlocks along the top and bottom of the panels. Quad-Lock Plus Panels have been developed for walls requiring higher insulation values. Dimensions for Plus Panels are the same as Regular Panels except for the thickness of 4" [108mm]. Quad-Lock Fastening Strip (FS) Panels have the same dimensions as the Regular Panels, but feature 1" [38mm] wide plastic fastening strips, molded into the panels every 12" [305mm]. They provide a continuous anchoring point for exterior cladding/lapped siding (e.g. vinyl or fiber-cement siding) where needed. Quad-Lock Plus-FS Panels have the same dimensions as the Plus Panels, but feature 1" [38mm] wide plastic fastening strips, molded into the panels every 12" [305mm]. Using combinations of Quad-Lock Panels, three different insulation values are possible, giving you the choice of true RValues of 22, 30, and 38 (h*ft*F/BTU) [U-values of 0.28, 0.20 and 0.15 (W/(m*K)]. The panels contain molded slots every 2" [51mm] to interlock panels with the Quad-Lock Ties, ensuring every panel will align with precision. Panels are lightly scored every 2" [51mm] to make measuring and cutting easy. Every 12" [305mm] panels have a heavier groove to mark the placement of the ties. All Quad-Lock Panels are molded of fire retardant Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) to a density of 1.9lb/cuft [30g/litre] for the regular-thickness panels and 1.5lb/cuft [23g/litre] for Quad-Lock Plus Panels. The rigid cellular EPS insulation complies with ASTM C 578-95 as flows: Regular Panels are Type III in Canada and Type IX in US, and Plus Panels are Type II in Canada and US. EPS is a foamed insulation that has a zero ozone depletion rating. EPS does not, and never did, contain CFCs or HCFCs. The Quad-Lock Panel is inert and chemically stable and will not emit any gases into homes or commercial buildings. In fact, EPS is considered to be world class insulation with qualities that make it impervious to time and moisture (also see Chapter 8: Technical Specifications for Quad-Lock EPS Panels on Page 137).
Regular Quad-Lock Panel
Figure 2: Regular Quad-Lock Panel July 2009 Chapter 1 Introduction Page 3
PRODUCT MANUAL
Quad-Lock Plus Panel
Figure 3: Quad-Lock Plus Panel
Figure 4: Quad-Lock Plus - Positioning of Ties
Building Tip:
Use Quad-Lock Plus Panels for: 1. Additional Insulation (usually on exterior of building), 2. Wall Width Transitions (e.g. from 8" to 6" concrete thickness, or 3. A belly band (a raised horizontal relief detail between stories) for stucco application in multi-story applications.
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Quad-Lock FS Panel
The fastenings strips are located 2" [51mm] to the left of all deep grooves in FS Panels (i.e. every 12" [305mm]) and extend to the panels surface in small spots for easy identification. Plastic ties are locked into the fastening strips to create an uninterrupted vertical fastening surface 1" [38mm] wide (no breaks or gaps to complicate siding installation). The FS Panel can be used on one side or on both sides of the wall as needed. See Tips below for different FS Panel applications.
Figure 5: Quad-Lock FS Panel - Position of Fastening Strips
Quad-Lock Plus-FS Panel

Plus-FS Panels differ from regular FS Panels only in their thickness (2" [51mm] thicker).
Figure 6: Quad-Lock Plus-FS Panel - Position of Fastening Strips
Building Tips: Use Quad-Lock FS Panels for attaching: 1. Lapped Siding or other finish requiring a continuous fastening surface, or 2. Base Boards or Crown Molding using one row of FS Panels at the bottom or top of a wall, or 3. Soffit - Place a row of FS Panels even with the soffit elevation; Snap a line where the soffit joins the wall; Glue and screw a horizontal 2x4 backer on the FS Panels to support the soffit material where it intersects the wall. (See Figure 87 or Figure 88)
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Quad-Lock Ties
Quad-Lock Ties secure the Quad-Lock Panels to form the cavity for the concrete. Quad-Lock Ties: Connect the panels in 4 ways: transversely, vertically, at butt joints, and along horizontal seams. Serve as an attachment point for bracing and finish materials. Serve as a locator for reinforcing steel using the ties molded rebar chairs. Help to secure corners, T-Walls, etc. Molded water stop assures no migration of water along ties Figure 7: Quad-Lock Standard Ties Ties are placed at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical joints of all panels and every 12" [305mm] in-between, which are marked by the deeper, wider grooves in the panels. The ties are placed to align every 12" [305mm] vertically and horizontally in every wall. Two Quad-Lock Panels and four Quad-Lock Ties form one Unit. The ties are recessed from the outside surface of the panels to prevent thermal bridging and the telegraphing of dissimilar materials when finishing with stucco.
Figure 8: Quad-Lock Unit - R-30 [U-0.20] Ties are available in five different standard lengths and are color-coded for easy identification. Using ties of different lengths, five different wall widths are available and can be combined with Extender Ties to add 12" [305mm] to any standard tie length. Multiple Extender Ties can be joined to make wider cavities. Quad-Lock Ties are molded of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) or Polypropylene (PP).
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1" [140mm] 52
4" [102mm]
1" [38mm] 12
1" [63mm] 22
12" [300mm] RED TIE
10" [250mm] GREEN TIE
8" [200mm] YELLOW TIE
6" [250mm] BLUE TIE
4" [100mm] BLACK TIE
Figure 9: Quad-Lock Standard Ties - Dimensions The unique Quad-Lock Tie design and placement provides the following benefits: Ensures a uniform concrete thickness throughout the wall. Prevents the deflection or spreading of all edges of the panels to ensure a smooth, planar surface and prevent blowouts. This is achieved through the placement of the ties at all horizontal AND vertical joints where panels are most vulnerable to hydrostatic pressure during concrete placement. Provides additional strength at high-pressure areas such as corners, T-walls. Allows a single tie to be easily modified for specific tasks by cutting the ties into split ties and tie flanges which are used near wall junctions and openings. Allows almost unlimited wall cavity size by combining Extender Ties with standard ties.
Figure 10: Tie Layout Front View Dimensions
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1" [190mm] 72 1" [241mm] 92 1" [292mm] 112 1" [343mm] 132 1" [394mm] 152
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Extender Tie
The Quad-Lock Extender Tie will allow builders to create walls of almost any desired concrete thickness. Extender Ties are designed to interlock with regular Full Ties to add 12" [305mm] of concrete cavity. Combine multiple Extender Ties with Full Ties to create concrete cavities larger than 24" [610mm]. For more details, see Wide Walls and Special Building Elements - Extender Tie on Page 54.
Figure 11: Quad-Lock Extender Tie
Brick Ledge Tie

Quad-Lock Brick Ledge Tie can be used to create a concrete ledge for brick or stone exterior finishes or as an interior support for floor joists. It easily transitions the wall from a 12" [305mm] concrete cavity to a 6" [150mm] cavity (when used with R-22 [U-0.28] panels), leaving a 3" [95mm] solid concrete supporting ledge, plus a 2" [57mm] high density foam panel capped by a galvanized Metal Track.
Figure 12: Wall Transition with Brick Ledge Tie
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Slab Tie & Bracket System

Quad-Lock Slab Ties and Slab Brackets provide a solid support for 1 to 2 layers of outside panels during the pour of an interconnecting concrete slab. Tie Placement: Slab Ties are placed at 24" [610mm] on center, two panel layers below top of slab. Bracket Installation: Slab Brackets are affixed to 5 to 6 ft. [1.5m to 1.8m] lengths of 2x4 [610mm x 1219mm] or 2x6 [610mm x 1829mm], at a level placing the top of the brace 1" [38mm] below the top of the uppermost panel. The Slab Bracket/brace assembly is then positioned by sliding it over the plastic flange protruding from the face of the wall. For best results, a horizontal whaler is then screwed to the top of each vertical brace at slab elevation. Removal: To remove braces after they have served their purpose, tilt them sideways using a sharp motion and break the plastic extrusions off the ties. Reuse the lumber posts with the Slab Brackets on the next floor or project. Figure 13: Slab Tie & Slab Bracket
Figure 14: Slab Tie & Slab Bracket Assembly
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Quad-Lock Metal Brackets

Corner Brackets
Quad-Lock Corner Brackets allow for the quick and secure assembly of 90 corners and eliminate the need for any external corner bracing. They come in two configurations: the Inside Corner Bracket and the Outside Corner Bracket. Inside Corner Brackets are used on every row of the inside panels, with the exception of the top row, for 90 corners and on the inside corners of T-walls, columns and pilasters. Outside Corner Brackets are used on every row of the outside corner panels, again with the exception of the top row, as reinforcement for the back wall of T-walls, and for outside corners of pilasters and columns.
Figure 15: Corner Brackets Corner brackets are made of flat 24-gauge galvanized steel and are designed to fit over Quad-Lock Panels placed at 90 to one another. The brackets have holes that match the panels foam interlock knobs, and slots that allow the ties and tie flanges to be inserted once the bracket has been placed over the panels. When installed properly, the Corner Brackets combined with the ties and tie flanges alone will absorb the forces of the poured concrete at the recommended slump and pour rates, eliminating the need for structural corner bracing. Bracing may be needed only to assure plumb and alignment in relation to the rest of the wall. For details see Page 27 - Corners. Corner and Angle Brackets are recessed from the surface of the EPS panels to minimize thermal bridging and avoid flashing through stucco.
Angle Brackets
Quad-Lock hinged Angle Brackets allow wall angles of almost any degree to be easily formed and braced. Once the panel ends are mitered at the bi-section degree of the desired angle, the bracket folds out to match the angle of the wall. Figure 16: Assembly of Angle Similar to the 90 Corner Bracket, ties are placed through the Angle Bracket and into the panel. Angle Brackets are only needed on the outside of the angle and will ensure that the wall is held together plumb and true without the need for extra bracing. For details see Page 40 - Angles.
Window Brackets
Quad-Lock Window Brackets have been specifically designed to form insulated sides of window and door openings and insulated wall end caps. With scrap foam pieces, the Window Bracket replaces lumber or plywood forms and leaves no exposed concrete. The Window Bracket is very similar to an Outside Corner Bracket and can be used for insulated wall ends ranging from 6" to 12" [150mm to 305mm] nominal cavity size. Each layer of panels require two Window Brackets Page 10 Chapter 1 Introduction July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL which overlap each other. Always have the small legs overlap each other. Add " [6mm] when cutting the panels at the opening or end cap to avoid recesses after the pour. Cut scrap foam to cover the wall cavity width, inside to inside. Maintain the 2" [51mm] factory layout so the brackets will easily fit. Be sure to secure the bottom panel on each side where it touches the sill. Place Full Ties to secure the brackets in place. At least three tie flanges should be in each long leg (more for wider walls). The brackets are secured into place with two flanges at the end that have to be placed in the center of the overlap. More flanges can be added to match the position of the attachment surface. Repeat this process for as many layers as required. There is no need for bracing at the end.
8.97" [228mm]
Figure 17: Window Bracket Figure 18: End Cap Assembly
Quad-Lock Metal Track and Wire Top Ties

Metal Track & Wire Top Ties are used to start and finish a Quad-Lock wall.
Metal Tracks
Quad-Lock Metal Track is made from 20-gauge galvanized steel and is pre-bent to fit the dimensions of the panels. The Metal Track is available in 2" [57mm] width for use with Regular Panels or in 4" [108mm] width for use Quad-Lock Plus Panels and is pre-punched with marker holes every 2 ft for fastening to concrete. Metal Track is used: Note: On the bottom of the first course of panels to secure the bottom of the wall. They are fastened to the concrete footing or slab using a minimum of 1" [32mm] long fasteners. In conjunction with Wire Top Ties as the ladder brace to finish the top of the wall. To form bottom sill of window bucks. To form brick ledges in conjunction with Brick Ledge Ties (BLT). The Quad-Lock Estimating program typically calculates Metal Track for the bottom and top of the wall. If additional track is required, be sure to note the amount in the Additional Materials section of the program.
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12.97" [329mm]
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Figure 19: Metal Track at Top and Bottom
Wire Top Ties

Quad-Lock Wire Top Ties are used in conjunction with the Metal Tracks to easily finish the top of Quad-Lock walls. They keep the top panels plumb, secure and in position to create a straight wall. They also provide easy placement of horizontal rebar close to the top of the wall. Wire Top Ties are made from 6 ga. galvanized steel wire and are bent to securely fit the contours of the panels and into the tie slots in the panel.
Figure 20: Wire Top Ties used with Metal Track For details see Wire Top Ties and Metal Track on Page 38.
Flex Track
Flex Track is used to secure radius walls for impressive architectural details. Draw the desired radius on the footing or slab, then use the drill and pin method to attach Flex Track to concrete. Flex Track must be used on both sides of the radius wall, just like regular track, with the taller flange to the outside, away from concrete. Page 12 Chapter 1 Introduction July 2009
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Figure 21: Flex-C Trac
Flex-C Angle Trac (single-side track required for Plus Panels)
DESIGNING WITH QUAD-LOCK

The Quad-Lock wall system can be used for the construction of concrete walls when designed and constructed in accordance with the Quad-Lock wall system criteria and evaluation reports, ACI 318, and local building code requirements. Please refer to the Design and Technical specifications for your area (see Chapter 8 and the Appendices). Quad-Lock Building Systems has developed standard construction details for the assembly of the Quad-Lock wall system illustrating numerous wall connections, reinforcing and finishing details. Concrete wall reinforcement tables have been prepared for two-story or one basement and one story residential construction in accordance with Part 9 of the National Building Code of Canada, and Chapters R404 Foundations or R611 Insulating Concrete Form Wall Construction of the International Residential Code to allow builders to easily make reinforcement selections without engineering. Also nd refer to Prescriptive Method for Insulating Concrete Forms in Residential Construction, 2 Edition, by NAHB Research Center, published by the Portland Cement Association Document No. EB118. Current IRC standards are based largely upon specifications and practices spelled out in this study. Buildings not conforming to the above, constructed using Quad-Lock wall panels, need to have the wall designed / engineered in accordance with Part 4 of the National Building Code of Canada or Chapter 19 Concrete of the International Building Code.
Guide to Code Compliance

See Appendix C - Building Code References on Page 176. For findings of some underlying tests see Findings of Tests Performed on Quad-Lock on Page 141.
Best Material Utilization Practices:

Quad-Lock is recognized in the industry as being the most efficient ICF system on the market for, among other items, control of waste. This has beneficial effects on the overall material cost of the project, the labor and fees spent on waste disposal, and reducing the life cycle cost of the building from an environmental impact perspective. The design of the Quad-Lock system allows for later use of scrap produced in the building process.
Panel Scrap:
Quad-Lock panels cut to fashion corners, T-walls, doors, and window openings should have off-cut pieces stored in one or two central location(s) on the jobsite. When a detail calls for a cut panel, the person in charge of cutting should first check the scrap pile before reaching for a new panel. In many instances, there will be scrap of adequate length to fashion the required part. Quad-Locks uniform design will allow placement of ties at any 2" [5cm] interval.
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PRODUCT MANUAL When the job is about 60% complete, the cutter should visit the scrap pile and fashion short panels of 12" [30cm], 24" [60cm] or 36" [90cm] lengths, and substitute them in appropriate combinations for full 48" [1219mm] panels. Since the scrap is cut to 12" [30cm] intervals, each seam will be covered by a tie, so the wall does not suffer a loss of strength. This will utilize the vast majority of scrap. Pieces shorter than 12" [30cm] should not be used in the wall, because more ties will be required to support them, and the job may be short of ties at the end. Small panel scraps may be used to fashion window openings using the QuadLock Window Bracket for fully insulated window openings. End caps on wall terminations can also be formed using Window Brackets and panel scrap. Finally, small EPS panel pieces not useable in the wall as forms can be placed over water supply lines buried in the earth to prevent freezing, and to protect from backfill or seismic activity, or placed in attic space as additional insulation. It is possible, in this fashion, to finish a job with zero panel waste.
Panel Bags:
Full panel bags should be opened only at the ends with a razor knife to access panels. In this fashion, panel bags can be recycled and used throughout the job as trash bags for removal of light construction waste generated by other trades. Panel bags should never be opened on the sides, as score marks in the panels within may weaken panels during the pour. Bags are clearly marked Do Not Cut on the sides. Bags not re-used can be recycled wherever grocery bags and other plastics are accepted.
Plastic Ties:
Plastic ties are easily cut with common pruning shears. Quad-Lock Ties come from the factory in pairs, connected with two plastic ribs. When cut apart at the ribs, the ties can operate independently as needed in the wall. Single ties are useable, even if placed in pairs instead of Full Ties. All intact single ties should be collected from the jobsite and used in the wall. Tie flanges are also useable at corners and T-walls. Any intact tie flange should be saved for use in building corners and T-walls. Excess plastic material can be cut away and the flange inserted into Corner Brackets or Window Brackets. Any cut pieces of ties that are not useable are recyclable at any location that accepts (polypropylene) plastic materials.
Tie Boxes:
Quad-Lock tie boxes are re-useable and/or recyclable. Waxed (winter) boxes make great storage or moving containers. Un-waxed (summer) boxes can be recycled anywhere cardboard is accepted. If a project is deemed environmentally sensitive, be sure to specify the un-waxed tie boxes for compliance to recyclability requirements. Save money and help protect the environment by reusing and recycling Quad-Lock components throughout the job.
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ADVANTAGES, FEATURES AND BENEFITS

Environment
RECYCLE - 100% recyclable CFCs - no CFCs used NON-TOXIC - panels are non-toxic and inert material GREEN - saves energy and resources over the entire life-cycle of the building MANUFACTURING - savings in energy and water costs during manufacture compared to lumber and plywood/OSB WASTE - less waste than conventional framing and forming methods
Energy
INSULATION - Rated R-22, R-30 and R-38 [U-values of 0.28, 0.20 and 0.15 (W/(m*K))]. EFFICIENT - sharply reduces heating and cooling costs compared to other building methods ENVELOPE - continuous thermal envelope of entire structure; keeps walls from becoming a temperature battery FOREVER - infinite insulation and concrete life
Comfort
NOISE - sharply reduces noise levels STC rating of 50 [Rw-50] and higher. VALUE - infinite insulation life adds a lifetime of comfort CLEAN - sharply reduces or eliminates drafts with continuous insulation and solid wall structure - reduced air and dust infiltration COZY - stable temperatures without cold spots due to the thermal mass of the concrete and continuous insulation RELAX - feel the difference - buildings feel warm in winter, cool in summer
Security
SOLID - solid concrete walls FIRE - concrete is fireproof (1, 2, 3 & 4 hour fire rating) STRENGTH - strong construction PERMANENT - resistant to destructive forces of nature - hurricanes, earthquakes, fires and rot INSECTS - provides no food value to insects and is a non-attractant
Design Flexibility
LIGHT - higher insulation value allows for increased window use and additional light ROOM - increased interior floor space makes rooms bigger OPEN - fewer interior bearing walls adds to the openness of light and airy rooms STYLE - lends itself to the use of EIFS (exterior insulated finishing systems) VERSATILE - unlimited wall widths can easily be connected for complex structural details
Costs
FAST - quicker than most other wall systems SAVE - lower insurance costs ECONOMICAL - lower heating and cooling costs EASY - with common building skills and simple instructions ECOLOGICAL - less material waste/disposal costs PROFITABLE - stable price/cost structure - unlike lumber and plywood/OSB SUPERIOR - dimensional stability and accuracy HEADACHES - reduced call-back costs eliminates unnecessary scheduling and corrections
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PRODUCT MANUAL TIME SAVINGS - Quad-Lock combines forming, framing, sheathing and insulating stages of construction into one step EVERLASTING - longer structure life means a high resale value
Advantages
Quad-Lock has the following advantages over competing foam systems: Quad-Lock is highly versatile using only standard parts. Quad-Lock can easily be shaped to form all the design elements of modern buildings - openings, arches, corners, angles, columns, pilasters and real curves with almost any radius, for commercial, residential, industrial, or public buildings.. Quad-Lock is ideally suited to adapt to building elements that may not have been designed with ICFs in mind, such as steel reinforcement cages. No other ICF can make this claim. Quad-Lock has the highest available insulation. Using combinations of Quad-Lock Panels and Quad-Lock Plus Panels three different insulation values are possible, giving you the choice of true R-Values of 22, 30 and 38 (h*ft*F/BTU) [U-values of 0.28, 0.20 and 0.15 (W/(m*K))]. Quad-Locks unique and patented tie design offers low likelihood of problems by positively connecting the EPS panels at both the horizontal and vertical seams where the pressure during concrete placement is most likely to cause failures. Quad-Lock is manufactured by an ISO 9001:2000 certified company and subject to in-house and third-party testing. This ensures product quality and Quad-Lock backs it up with a limited product warranty. Quad-Lock offers great technical and instructional support and material. Your local dealer is equipped to answer your questions, prepare detailed estimates, and assist at the jobsite. Local Quad-Lock Field Representatives are also ready to assist with quantity pricing, job site training, product seminars and dealer training. Our Product Manual, Installation Guide, Installation Training DVD, brochures and other informative promotional literature tells you exactly how to build with Quad-Lock. Quad-Lock costs less to ship and store compared to leading block systems because it is a flat panel & tie system. Up to 100% more wall area can be shipped per truckload. With Quad-Lock, you're not shipping air! Quad-Lock creates less waste compared to block systems. With Quad-Lock most parts that needed to be cut can be reused in the same project. Quad-Lock produces a flat, solid concrete wall providing a constant thickness of concrete throughout the wall (no thin/thick sections like grid or post-and-beam systems). Quad-Lock is variable width. Choose from a 12" [305mm], 10" [250mm], 8" [200mm], 6" [150mm], and 4" [100mm] thick concrete wall (thicker walls are possible with XT Extender Ties). Quad-Lock is Code approved and independently tested: ICC/ICBO #ER-5188, CCMC #12914-R etc. Quad-Lock provides a better surface for stucco application. Quad-Lock creates a surface of only EPS compared to many other systems where the surface consists of foam and the material used for ties, making it tougher to finish it. Quad-Lock offers job lot quantities in most areas.
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2 DE S I GN & C ONS T RUC T I ON D E TA I L S

OVERVIEW
The Quad-Lock System enhances the features available in commercial, institutional and residential structures as well as basements, foundations, sound walls, firewalls and retaining walls. Difficult floor plans, odd angles, tall walls, short walls, windows, doors, ledgers, columns, pilasters, arches, even radii may be incorporated into Quad-Lock walls. The QuadLock building system opens new options in concrete construction, with a true R-value exceeding R-22 [U-0.28]. The Quad-Lock building system combines forming, framing, insulating, and sheathing into one step. If synthetic stucco is to be specified, the Quad-Lock building system eliminates the addition of the required foam board and there is no need for air barrier around penetrations as is the case with some conventional building methods. Siding choices may be applied to incorporated or separately attached furring material or directly to the outside of the panel and mechanically fastened (screwed) to the ties. Electrical wire or conduit and small diameter plumbing may be installed in chases routed into the EPS panels after the concrete has set. Conduit may be placed in the empty concrete cavity prior to concrete placement, if so desired and permitted by Code. Ensure to properly seal around all conduit and fixture boxes to prevent concrete leakage. Interior living areas must be separated from the EPS foam plastic by an approved 15-minute thermal barrier. When Quad-Lock walls are used for below grade and water protection is required, membrane type waterproofing is highly recommended on the exterior below-grade wall surfaces. The panel units are 48" [1219mm] long, 12" [305mm] high. When establishing steps or drops in slab or footing pad elevation consider the 12" [305mm] form heights to eliminate wasteful cutting.
PRE-PLANNING
Estimating
Estimating the amount of Quad-Lock product you will need for your construction project has never been easier. From your plans obtain the following information (for each story separately): Length and height of all walls to be formed. The specified width of all concrete walls. Make sure to calculate each wall width separately. Number of corners, angles and T-walls. The number and sizes of all openings in the walls, i.e. doors and windows. Specifications of rebar materials, i.e. sizes and frequency of placement. The unit costs of all materials and labor. This information can then be entered into the specially designed Quad-Lock Estimating Program. Your dealer can provide you with an accurate estimate on the amount and cost of the Quad-Lock product suitable for your construction project.
Getting Started Plan, Plan, Plan

Knowing how to assemble Quad-Lock is simply not enough to ensure successful project completion. A successful and productive project comes from careful planning of details at all stages, so the job comes to completion on time and within budget. The project manager and job supervisor should carefully review the building plans to determine what needs to be done before assembly takes place. Prepare cut lists and pre-fabricate components wherever possible. Rebar should be cut to length, pre-bent, and delivered to where it will be installed. July 2009 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 17
PRODUCT MANUAL Check the plans and determine the spacing that is specified for all rebar. The Quad-Lock system is ideally suited for even 12" [305mm] increments on the horizontal plane. Vertical rebar can be installed at any spacing. If the spacing for horizontal bar is other than a 12" [305mm] increment, contact the project engineer and request a change. Have 1" 1" [32mm-38mm] plastic pipe available to secure vertical rebar to stub steel in the footing. Window and door bucks should be pre-assembled on- or off-site, and delivered to the site ready for installation. Panel measurements that repeat can be pre-cut prior to assembly, particularly for corners. (Watch the wind) Have materials stocked on the site. Panels, ties, brackets and track should all be placed where they will be assembled. This minimizes the amount of time spent walking back and forth to retrieve product. Pre-plan your site to make sure that everything runs smoothly. Ask these questions: 1. Where will the concrete truck sit? Are there any overhead or adjacent obstacles like wires and trees that might pose a hazard to the pumping equipment? 2. Where will materials be delivered and off-loaded? 3. What is the best access route on and off the site? 4. Where will waste be deposited? 5. Where can the crew park so they wont be in the way of delivery vehicles?
It is important for the project manager to ensure that tasks relating to the assembly are allocated properly and that personnel are trained and have the necessary tools on hand: Determine who is going to set the track, the panels and the ties. Workers should read assembly instructions on the sides of the tie boxes and also refer to the Quad-Lock Product Manual if they require more detailed instructions. Make sure there is a plan for the bracing system and ensure that all equipment has been ordered and is ready. Determine who will assemble it. Ensure there is adequate lumber on hand if wood bracing is needed. Make sure that the concrete and pump has been ordered and that it will be ready on pour day. Determine who will run the pour, and address quality issues like Plumb, Straight, Square and Level. Assign individual tasks like handling the pump and running the vibrator. And finally, if an inspection is needed at any stage ensure that inspectors are scheduled and on site at the appropriate times. Attention to these details will save you time and money, and help to ensure a smooth running and high quality job. Building Tips: The building site must be prepared, clean and well organized. Clear all excess building materials and debris away from the work area. If you have a below grade basement, make sure that the excavation is clear and that you have good access all around the perimeter. A minimum clearance of 3 feet [1m] is recommended. Provisions for a sub-surface drainage system should be made for later installation.
TOOLS
Fully Extendable Utility Knife
Keyhole Saw
Hand Saw
Tape Measure Other Equipment: Wire Twister Hammer Regular Pliers Ladders/Scaffolding Power Saw Gloves/Safety Goggles Highly Recommended: Table/Chop Saw (to cut panels for corners, angles etc.)
48" [50-60cm] or Laser Level
Chalk-Line
String Line
Screw Gun Figure 22: Tools for the project Page 18
Pruning Shears
Rebar Cutter/Bender
Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details
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PRODUCT MANUAL
Cutting Quad-Lock Components

Cutting Panels
To cut Quad-Lock Panels, a fully extendible utility knife, a regular handsaw or keyhole saw can be used. Table-mounted power saws are a good way to pre-cut panels. When using power saws use extreme caution since the EPS foam material offers very little resistance to high RPM saws and has a tendency to grab the blade if the cut is not perfectly straight. Some builders reverse the saw blade when cutting Quad-Lock Panels and report good results. Building Tip: The quickest way to cut panels individually is to use a fully extended utility knife: 1. Cut the panel about " [20mm] deep along the intended cut 2. Cut the panel a second time in the same location, but this time cut deeper 3. Break the panel apart at the cut line
Cutting Ties
Use pruning shears to cut ties into Flanges or Split Ties: Split ties are used in tight radius walls, near odd wall joints and window and door openings, and bulkheads. Flanges are used in conjunction with metal brackets in all corners and angles. Make sure to cut at the point indicated below.
Figure 23: Split Tie Figure 24: Cut Flanges
Cutting Metal Components

Cut Metal Track or Corner Brackets with metal snips or a chop saw with appropriate blade (e.g. carborundum). Safety Note: Always wear gloves when handling metal components!
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Wall Widths
For a table of standard wall dimensions please refer to Wall Widths of Quad-Lock Panel and Tie Combinations on Page 140. Even wider walls are possible - see Wide Walls on Page 54.
Figure 25: Wall Widths and Insulating Values
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FOOTINGS
When building your footings, ensure they are built level to within a tolerance of " [7mm] and that they are troweled smooth. If the footings are not level and smooth, it will create unnecessary work later when it is time to plumb the walls. If your project has stepped footings, try to maintain elevation changes in 12" [305mm] or multiples thereof. This will minimize waste and speed up construction significantly. For Quad-Lock walls with nominal concrete thickness of 8" [20cm] or less, the standard footing width of 16" [41cm] is usually sufficient but check with your local building department. Walls 10" [25cm] and thicker are usually engineered, so the engineer will specify footing widths. When placing rebar dowels, take into account the panel thicknesses. Building Tips: When pouring your footings: 1. Level them to within a tolerance of " [6mm]. 2. Trowel footings smooth to prevent rough surfaces. 3. Ensure that all steps are 12" [305mm] or any multiple thereof to match the height of the panel. The few extra minutes spent ensuring your footings are level and smooth will save hours in setting up the wall!
Stepped Footing Detail
QUAD-LOCK PANELS
METAL TRACK OR 2x [38mm WIDE] TOE PLATE SECURELY FASTENED
FOOTING
Figure 26: Stepped Footing Note: Steps heights should be 12" [305mm] or any multiple thereof.
Uneven Footings:
If footings are slightly out of level, fasten track to the footings and stretch a string line slightly higher than 1 foot [30cm] above the highest point of the footing. Use the string line to set the first course level. Shim the panels in the track with scrap foam or spray foam and/or scribe/cut the bottoms of the panels to level your wall. If you have a very uneven footing surface, (like a rock surface) connect the Metal Tracks together using rivets and metal strips (to form a ladder). Lay down these ladder tracks and do not attach them to the uneven footings/surface. Build the Quad-Lock wall to a level of about 3 feet [1m] and then shim the tracks until the top of the panels are perfectly level (a laser level works best). Use low-expansion polyurethane foam to fill the gaps between the track and footing and then continue building your wall. July 2009 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 21
PRODUCT MANUAL
These methods may also be used when forming to bedrock or other areas where footings are not used.
Adjustment to Odd Step Elevations:

If stepped footings have been formed to increments of other than 12" [305mm], as suggested in the Basic Installation Guide, panels on the lowest level must be ripped to bring succeeding courses into the higher footing steps at the correct elevation.
Small Variations:
If the height of a panel needs to be increased by " [20mm] or less, then either spray foam or shims may be added into the track to elevate the panel to the desired height.
Larger Variations:
If the height of a panel needs to be increased by 1" [25mm] or more, then tops and bottoms of full panels must be ripped and used to start the course. Ties may have to be clipped to fit into rips that are 2" [64mm] or less.
Panels Too Tall:

If the step in the footing is less than 12" [305mm], then rip the lowest row of panels by the difference between the actual footing height and 12" [305mm]. Rip the bottom of the panel, not the top.
Maintaining lay-out at succeeding footing steps:
Figure 27: Panel Cuts over Stepped Footing Maintain your panel lay-out pattern started in lower courses by forming through succeeding incorrect footing elevations by notching full panels to match the elevation of the footing as it spans the break in footing elevation.
Taper Panels to Correct Out-Of-Level Footings

If footings or slab are out of level to the point where a correction must be made, Quad-Lock panels are easily cut to compensate for the out-of-level condition. A common condition would be where one corner of a building is lower than the rest. For example, lets say that you have one corner that is 1" [38mm] low. Follow these steps to correct this condition: 1. As usual, check the level of the footing or slab along wall lines with a laser level. Make note of areas that are outside of tolerances (usually more than " [13mm] high or low). 2. Sweep the footings, mark building corners and strike building lines as you normally would. Fasten Metal Track to the footing or slab, following instructions in Technical Bulletin No. 1.01. 3. Using a laser level, find the lowest point in the footing or slab along the wall line. This is where you will start correcting the footing elevation, using ripped pieces of Quad-Lock panels. 4. From the low point, take a laser shot every 4 ft [1219mm], moving away from the low point in either direction, until you reach the points where the footing or slab has come back into the specified elevation. Mark a note on the footing with a felt pen at each 4 ft [1219mm] station, indicating how much below the correct elevation that point happens to be. 5. Starting again at the low corner, cut corner panels per factory instructions.
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PRODUCT MANUAL 6. Make a mark at the top corner of the outside corner panels corresponding to the deepest out-of-specification measurement, in this case 1" [38mm]. Make a mark at the other end of the panel corresponding to your first 4 foot [1219mm] station measurement, for example, 1" [25mm]. (See Figure below) Using a straight edge, scribe a line from one mark to the other. This is the taper cut that will become your first panel in the wall. Cut with a hand saw or circular saw. You should have remaining the top of a Quad-Lock Panel that measures 1" [38mm] high at the corner, and 1" [25mm] high at the other end. Slip this into the track to shim the next course. Use the offcut as a template to mark its companion panel on the other side, or, conserve material by fashioning another shim with the bottom of the same panel and turning it upside down. The interlock knobs are not critical, and the slots will reverse. 7. Repeat this process every 4 ft [1219mm], until you reach the point where the footing or slab is back into level. Your taper cut at this point should be zero. 8. Back at the low point, it may be necessary to brace panels that are shimmed up to the point where the Metal Track does not sufficiently support them. In this case, fasten lumber or plywood to the outside of full panels using wire loops laid across the tops of the shims as the full panels are being placed.
Figure 28: Panels Tapered to Compensate for out-of-level Footing
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METAL TRACK
Metal tracks must be securely fastened to the footing on both sides of the Quad-Lock wall. At a minimum, fasten the track to the footing every 2 to 2 feet [60-75 cm] and at the ends of each track with Zamac expansion anchors or common nails set into pre-drilled holes to ensure that the wall stays in proper position and the tracks act as the necessary brace at this high impact area of the wall. Note the pre-punched holes every 2 ft [75cm] and at ends of the track, which indicate the minimum spacing of fasteners. Ensure track is fastened to concrete, and not to the outside of a form board, as form boards will easily come off the side of the footing.
1 8 " [3mm] @ 24" [610mm] O.C.
1.75" [44mm]
2.25" [57mm]
REGULAR J-TRACK
20 Gauge Galvanized Steel = 0.0325" [0.8255mm] Min.
1 8 " [3mm] @ 24" [610mm] O.C.
1.75" [44mm]
0.75" [19mm]
4.25" [108mm]
PLUS J-TRACK
20 Gauge Galvanized Steel = 0.0325" [0.8255mm] Min.
Figure 29: Footing with Metal Track and Rebar Dowels
Fastening to Concrete Footings, Concrete Slabs, Rock, or Cleats:

Depending on the intended use of the track, there are three main methods of fastening to base material. 1. Nail through track with concrete nails, generally with a Powder Actuated Tool (PAT) into concrete slab or footing. 2. Drill and anchor with fastener of choice (see below) into concrete slab or footing. 3. Screw track to metal or wooden cleats over rock surfaces, or over open footings for a monolithic pour.
Method 1) Nailing:
Quad-Lock Metal Track can be nailed (usually with a PAT) to concrete slabs or footings. This method is generally recognized as one of the fastest ways to prepare the job for stacking Quad-Lock, but is among the highest cost, due to the cost of tools, pins, and shots. Single-shot tools are time consuming and drive up labor costs as well. Strip-fed PATs are faster, but more costly to purchase. The other issue with PAT nailing is spalling of the concrete, where the impact of the nail can crack the edge of a slab, rendering the nail useless. This issue is not as critical on a footing, where the track is probably not located at the edge of the concrete. There is, however, the possibility that the 1" [32mm] nails can curl when they impact large aggregate, and thereby lose their holding power. In either case, the result is that the track is not properly fastened down, and can fail against concrete pressure. Special care should be taken to check the track prior to placing Quad-Lock panels, if the PAT nailing method is used.
Method 2) Drill and Anchor:

Experience has shown us that the drill and anchor method can actually be less expensive and time consuming than nailing with a PAT. Usually a 3/16" or " hole is drilled through the track, after the track is set into position according to the building lines. Spacing of fasteners should be a minimum 24" [610mm] and maximum 30" [762mm]. Then, a fastener is inserted into the hole and tapped or screwed into place. These fasteners can include: A 3" (16 penny) nail, augmented with a piece of tie wire A 1" [32mm] long hit anchor or Zamac (Available from Quad-Lock; see Product Manual) A specially designed concrete screw (TapCon, or equivalent) Page 24 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details July 2009
0.75" [19mm]
PRODUCT MANUAL Any of these fasteners will yield a very secure fastening, and the act of drilling does not result in spalling of the concrete, or curling of the fasteners. The low cost of these fasteners brings down the average installed cost as well. Concrete drill bits are relatively low cost, and yield many holes for fastening. Hammer drills are commonly available for sale or rent.
Figure 30: Installation of Hit-Anchors
Method 3) Screw to Metal or Wood Cleats:

In cases where a concrete slab or footing is not available, Metal Track can be screwed to metal or wood cleats to provide both proper spacing and lateral strength against form pressure. This may be the case with a monolithic pour of stemwalls and footings. Place Metal Track on top of wood or metal cleats fastened across footing forms at 3 foot (1 m) maximum intervals. Use self-tapping screws to penetrate Metal Track and into the cleat below. Note: This method is probably not appropriate when forming over natural rock outcrops because the track will not conform to the rough surface of the stone. In such cases, scribe the panels to match the profile of the stone, then spray-foam them into place. Secure 2x bracing on both sides of the forms to resist form pressure generated by concrete placement.
Flex Track is used for securing radius walls (see Radius Walls on Page 47).
Proper Spacing of Metal Track

Critical to maintaining the shape of the wall is the initial placement of the Metal Track at the bottom of the wall. Usually, a chalk line is snapped to represent the outside perimeter of the building, or building line. Then, the outer row of track is fastened down by any of the above means. The inside row of track can be located by one of three methods: Snap a second set of chalk lines using the outer line as a reference Fasten the outer row of track, then cut spacers that represent the inside cavity width of the wall, and use the spacers to locate the inner track in relation to the outside track Fasten the outside row of track, then cut a template from plywood that represents the outside dimension of the foam panels. Loose lay the inside track, then place the template over both tracks, putting tension against the outer track. Slide the inside track against the template and fasten. The third method seems to give the most accurate results. Some builders actually under-size the template by " [3mm], to assure that no expansion occurs at the bottom of the wall where the highest concrete pressure exists.
Figure 31: Plywood Templates fit to Wall Dimension July 2009 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 25
PRODUCT MANUAL
Building Tips: Locate the outside building line and strike the chalk line. The building line is the outside of the foam. Remember to account for the 2" [57mm] or 4" [108mm] of foam on both sides of the wall. The outside track should be installed first, using the building line struck on the footing. The Metal Track is then secured to the footing every 2-2' [60-75cm]. After the outside track has been placed, use a plywood spacer to place the inside track. Cut the spacer to match the wall cavity size. To avoid potential problems, the job supervisor should carefully check the attachment of Metal Track to the footing before walls are built. If the wall runs off the side of the footing or the footing is not wide enough, strap ties or some other form of banding material can be used through the wall to connect the Metal Tracks/wood toe plates.
Typical Wall to Footing Connection Detail
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE QUAD-LOCK PANELS VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING FOUNDATION DOWELS AT REQUIRED SPACING METAL J-TRACK SECURED TO FOOTING CONCRETE SLAB REINF. AS REQUIRED
EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED QUAD-LOCK TIE PARGING AS SPECIFIED PARGING MINUMUM PER CODE
E SLOP
DAMPPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFIED FREE DRAINING BACKFILL AS SPECIFIED DRAINAGE PIPE
FOOTING REINFORCEMENT AS REQUIRED
Figure 32: Typical Wall to Footing Connection Detail
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Thickened Edge Slab on Grade
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED QUAD-LOCK PANELS
MASONARY VENEER AS SPECIFIED QUAD-LOCK TIE VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING FOUNDATION DOWELS AT REQUIRED SPACING
BRICK TIES AS SPECIFIED
FLASHING AS SPECIFIED PARGING AS SPECIFIED MINUMUM PER CODE FREE DRAINING BACKFILL AS SPECIFIED DRAINAGE PIPE DAMPPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFIED
E SLOP
METAL J-TRACK SECURED TO FOOTING CONCRETE SLAB AS REQUIRED
SLAB INSULATION COMPACTED GRANULAR FILL AS SPECIFIED
Figure 33: Thickened Edge Slab on Grade
STANDARD WALLS
Always start any project by building corners, angles, T-Walls and other special elements first and then work into and meet in the middle of each wall. Installation of door bucks should take place before any panels are laid. Stagger the panels from one course to the next with an offset of 24" [60cm] so deep grooves are aligned and the vertical st rd joints between panels are not aligned. This means that for all odd courses (1 , 3 etc.) you will usually exactly replicate what you did on the first course and for all even courses what you did on the second course. Never leave more than 8" [20cm] or 4 knobs between any two ties in straight walls (more ties may be needed for corners, T-walls, tight radii etc.; see details below). Building Tips: Minimize waste by cutting left over pieces of panel in 12" or 24" [30 or 60cm] lengths. These can be distributed throughout the wall in groups adding up to 48" [1219mm], rather than using full panels. When using smaller scraps, be certain that vertical joints fall between the two flanges of a full tie. Use the deeper grooves to locate tie placement every 12" [30cm] on center. Follow suggested stacking pattern to keep grooves and ties aligned for later reference by finish trades.
CORNERS
All corners should be installed first. While other forming methods may call for building into the corners, the design and precise layout of the Quad-Lock system is best suited for building from the corners to a common seam in the middle of the wall. When installed correctly on every course, the unique Quad-Lock corner assembly virtually eliminates the need for additional corner bracing, and makes multi-story construction safe and efficient. Bracing may be needed only to assure plumb and alignment in relation to the rest of the wall. July 2009 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 27
PRODUCT MANUAL Quad-Lock Ties and Panels are designed to allow walls with different thickness to be joined at a corner (e.g. 8" [203mm] wall joining 6" [152mm] wall).
Corner Installation Instructions

Always work from the inside of the corner, facing out. On the first and all odd numbered courses, place two full 48" [1219mm] panels in the outside track at 90 to one another, lapping the left panel over the right (as seen from the inside of the corner).
Figure 34: Full Panels at First Course Outside Corner For the inner corner panels, cut both panels by a dimension equaling the wall cavity size PLUS 2" [51mm]. Lap the inner panels the same as the outer panels. Always cut the ends closest to the corner, or the lay-out marks on the panels will not be correct. Refer to the table and example below for cutting panels to the correct lengths. Example: 8" [305mm] wall cavity size +2" [51mm] added to cavity size 10" [356mm] cut from panel
Figure 35: Inside Panels Cut Back by Cavity Size + 2" [25mm] Place these panels in the inside corner track, making sure that the ends line up with the outer panels. Always lap the inner panels to the same as the outer panels (left over right as seen from the inside of the corner). Page 28 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details July 2009
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Figure 36: Panel Pairs Cut and Fit at Corner
Figure 37: Corner Brackets & Ties Installed at Corner
Figure 38: Second Row Full Panels Centered Over Joints
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Place Inside and Outside Corner Brackets over the knobs. Place a Full Tie as close to the corner as you can, making sure that the two flanges are both inserted in the inner corner bracket. Cut flanges from ties and insert them in the outer corner bracket as shown below, making sure that the slots closest to the corner have a flange. Then insert a flange every 4" [10cm] (or 6" [15cm] once so it's next to a heavy grove). Extra flanges can be added around the heavy grooves, if needed for attachment. Now place ties so they straddle each vertical seam and all deep grooves in the panels (every 12" [30cm]). Important: The cut tie flanges placed into the corner brackets are critical structural parts. Do not forget. With Quad-Lock Plus Panels, the Corner Brackets should be placed on the inside row of slots in the panels (close to the inside wall surface). Always make sure that you insert flanges into the brackets. With Quad-Lock FS Panels, cut and install the panels in the same manner as Regular Panels paying attention that the strips will align vertically throughout the wall. Using this method, all the desired fastening strips will be there except the one close to the corner on the left side (seen from the inside). If needed, install a thin metal strip on that side of the corner (screw it to the flanges). Ensure that all fastening strips are held by full ties, split ties, or tie flanges combined with metal brackets.
Figure 39: Corner Assembly Second Course
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Figure 40: Corner Assembly with Corner Brackets, 6" [152mm] Wall
Building Tip: Flanges for corners can be pre-cut to speed up construction.
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Cutting Panels for Corners

Remember to keep the factory end of inside panels at the end away from the corner for alignment of the deep grooves. At wall width transitions, be sure to maintain alignment of the deep grooves in the panels. The table and example below provide easy reference for pre-cutting panels
R-22 [U-0.28] Corner Cut lengths for Inside Panels*

Nominal Concrete Cavity Width 4" [100mm] 6" [150mm] 8" [200mm] 10" [250mm] 12" [305mm]
A
Length (Odd Layers) 42" [1067mm] 40" [1016mm] 38" [966mm] 36" [915mm] 34" [864mm]
B
Length (Even Layers) 18" [458mm] 16" [407mm] 14" [356mm] 12" [305mm] 10" [254mm]
* Outside Panels for all Layers will always be Full Panels or 48" [1219mm]
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Nominal Concrete Cavity Width 4" [100mm] 6" [150mm] 8" [200mm] 10" [250mm] 12" [305mm]
A
B
C
D
* Outside Panels for all Layers will always be Full Panels or 48" [1219mm]

Nominal Concrete Cavity Width
A
B
4" [100mm] 6" [150mm] 8" [200mm] 10" [250mm] 12" [305mm]
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Example: Cutting Panels for a 8" [20cm] nominal concrete wall
Figure 43: R-22 Corner
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Straight Walls and Common Seams Installation

Working away from the corners and other special wall elements, set additional pairs of panels in each direction, placing ties at 12" [30cm] on center using the deeper grooves as a guide and straddling vertical joints between panels. Continue laying out the panels and ties to a common point in the wall. Install panels and ties from the opposing corner/special wall element, until you are ready to cut the last panel in the middle of the wall. If the layout pattern falls exactly on the 2" [5cm] increment of the panels, cut the last panel to the required length and place the ties as usual (straddling the vertical joints). Usually, the seam is not on the 2" [5cm] layout pattern so a common seam /vertical wall joint is needed. A good place to put this wall joint / common seam is in the middle of a door or window. To form the common seam: 1. Measure the wall to ensure that your building dimension is correct. Make adjustments, if necessary. 2. Then measure the remaining gap between panels, and cut panels about " [8mm] shorter than the measurement. Cutting these panels too tightly may increase the wall length, and force the corners out of plumb. 3. Since the seam probably is not on the 2" [5cm] layout pattern, cut the cross braces out of ties to form split ties that operate independently of one another. Place one split tie on both sides of the common seam. This seam will continue to the top of the wall and is secured later after plumbing the walls.
Reinforcing Steel (Rebar) Placement

Once the first course has been assembled, pre-cut rebar can be placed. Determine which molded rebar chair in the tie best suits the building plan and lay the horizontal bars into that position around the entire wall. Make sure to have the appropriate minimum lap between bars and tie the splices. Horizontal bar can be tied to the plastic ties. If allowed by local building officials, slip a 4" [10cm] long piece of 1" 1" [32mm-38mm] plastic pipe over each rebar dowel jotting out of the footing. This will be used later to secure vertical reinforcing bar that is dropped in from the top. If vertical rebar is already placed, snip one cross member of the tie so you can work around the bar. For further details refer to Reinforcing Steel (Rebar) on Page 126.
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Corner Rebar Placement (plan view)

90 BEND BAR CORNER BRACKET VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT @ REUIRED SPACING
INSIDE CORNER BRACKET
QUAD-LOCK PANEL
HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY @ REQUIRED SPACING
QUAD-LOCK TIE
Figure 46: Corner Rebar Placement (plan view)
Second Course and Rest of Wall Installation

Place a pair of panels on the second row so the middle point of both panels line up with the vertical joint in the panels below. There should be a half panel length (24" [61cm]) offset between the end of the panels in the first and second rows. Do the same on both sides of the corner. Measure the spaces remaining to the corners, keeping the lap pattern identical to the bottom row. Cut panels to fit. The outside panels will always be half panel lengths (24" [61cm]), with the factory ends in the corner. The inside panels length will vary, depending on the wall cavity size (refer to Cutting Panels for Corners on Page 32). From a 48" [122cm] panel, the cut will always be (cavity size) + 26" [66cm]. Place Corner Brackets, Full Ties and tie flanges in the same manner as the first row. Corner Bracket and tie placement should be exactly the same on every row. Make note of all cut dimensions and prepare panels for the entire wall height. For instance, in an 8" [25cm] wall, courses 1, 3, 5, and 7 will all be identical. Rows 2, 4, 6, and 8 will also be identical. Look down the wall cavity and make sure all ties are aligned vertically and none are missing. Window bucks are placed when the wall gets to sill height (see Window and Door Openings on Page 62). Repeat the patterns of courses one and two to a height of 4'-5' [120-150cm] when you should stop all construction and check for Plumb, Straight, Square and Level and install bracing (see Bracing on Page 96). Check all walls with a level, tape measure, string line and laser level to make sure the building is the specified size and shape. Make adjustments where needed, and monitor as construction continues. When dimensions and plumb are checked, secure the common seams by screwing 1x4 strapping or plywood boards across the seam into the ties. Use spray foam to fill in the gap of the seam once the wall has been plumbed and secured in place. Install bracing/scaffolding to continue building up the wall (see Bracing on Page 96). Page 36 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details July 2009
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Figure 47: Corner Assembly Overview Building Tip: To expedite tie placement, work in pairs with one person placing ties on top of the wall and another inserting them into the panels.
Adjustment of Top-of-Wall Elevation

While all Quad-Lock Panels come from the factory in convenient 12" [305mm] heights, your plan may call for an elevation other than an even increment of 12" [305mm]. To make an adjustment to the final elevation of your wall, two methods are suggested: 1. Start the wall with a ripped panel whose height is calculated as follows: From the total wall height, subtract the largest available increment of 12" [305mm]. For example, if your finished wall height is called out at 9 ft. 4" (112" [2858mm]), subtract the 9 feet (108" [2743mm]), leaving 4" [114mm]. The 4" [114mm] remainder will be the elevation of your first course. Rip tops and bottoms of full panels to 4" [114mm] on a table saw and install them in the Metal Track that has been secured to the footing or slab. Bottoms of panels can be inverted to accept the plastic ties, in order to conserve panel material. The lack of interlock knobs is of no consequence. Build the wall to full height using full panels, and the last row should bring the wall to the exact finished elevation. Remove the interlock knobs and place Wire Top Ties and track, or ladder brace. 2. An alternate method is to start the wall with full 12" [305mm] high panels, and rip the top row of panels to attain the exact finished wall height. This method will require pushing Wire Top Ties down into the foam, as the top tie slots will probably have been removed, or omitting top wire ties and just using Metal Track and wood cleats screwed across the track at 3 to 4 foot [90-120cm] intervals.
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QUAD-LOCK PANEL
QUAD-LOCK TIE REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE
1" 9'-42
1 PANEL CUT DOWN TO 42 "
1" 42
Figure 48: Starter Panels Ripped to Adjust Wall Elevation
Finishing the Top of Walls

The Quad-Lock Metal Tracks and Wire Top Ties make finishing the top of walls easy when completing the top course of the wall. The Metal Tracks can also be connected using wood cleats. Another method to finish the top of walls is to use wood-ladder bracing (without Metal Track or Wire Top Ties). Building Tip: ALWAYS remove the foam interlock knobs before placing track. Track will not fit properly over knobs left in place. When cutting foam knobs, be sure to keep them from falling into the wall cavity. Debris at the bottom of the wall can be called as a code violation.
Wire Top Ties and Metal Track

The combination of Metal Tracks and Wire Top Ties allows builders to save considerable time in both finishing and bracing of the wall and in troweling the top of the wall without having to work around wood cleats. The Wire Top Ties also provide a surface that allows for the placement of rebar 3" [9cm] below the top of the wall. Use a minimum of three Wire Top Ties per 48 [1219mm] panel pair.
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Figure 49: Finishing the Top of Walls with Metal Tracks and Wire Top Ties In most areas, the Metal Track and Wire Top Ties can be left in place. However, in cold climates, removing the top Metal Track can reduce the risk of condensation on the interior of the wall. If the building has proper ventilation / air exchanges, this is usually not necessary as the excessive moisture is being removed from the structure. If left unaddressed, excessive condensation combined with organic material such as drywall could result in the development of mold.
Installation Instructions
First remove all the foam interlock knobs from the top panels. A minimum of three Wire Top Ties are placed into the tie slots in the top of each panel, one at each panels ends and one in the middle. Then install the Metal Track over the panels, after interlock knobs are removed. This combination will act as a spine for the wall and will help remove any wave in the wall. At the vertical wall joints, Wire Top Ties should be placed 4" [10cm] from one another. Then set the Metal Track over the panels to lock in the Wire Top Ties. It is not necessary to overlap the track along straight wall sections. At corners/angles/T-Walls etc., cut the Metal Tracks to overlap them and screw them together with one or two screws. Use a " [2cm] long self tapping sheet metal screw. DO NOT SKIP THIS STEP! This will keep the corners from spreading apart during the pour. Place pre-cut pieces of vertical rebar around the outside of the wall, within reach of crew members standing on inside scaffolding. Slip the vertical steel down the wall and into the plastic pipe hooked on the stub steel. Tie the vertical steel into position at the top to a Quad-Lock Tie or the horizontal bar. Vertical rebar should be secured to the Quad-Lock system only after the walls have been plumbed. Building Tip: When using non-full height panels on the last course, either push the Wire Top Ties directly into the panels or use wood cleats every 5' [1.5m] instead of the Wire Top Ties to hold the Metal Track together.
Multi-Level Walls
When building the lower levels of multi-level Quad-Lock walls, finish the top of the wall using Metal Track and Wire Top Ties as described above and stop the pour about 6" [15cm] below the top of the wall. Remove the Metal Track and Wire Top Ties after curing to continue building (they can be reused for subsequent floors). You may also use regular ties on the top of the wall but ensure to keep the tops of the panels and ties free of concrete. Either clean them with water right July 2009 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 39
PRODUCT MANUAL after the pour or cover them using lengths of plastic rain guttering and slide them along the top of the wall as the pour progresses. Stop the concrete pour of the lower levels at about 6" [15cm] below the top of the wall.
SPECIAL WALL ELEMENTS

Angles
Angles of almost any degree can easily be constructed using the Quad-Lock Adjustable Angle Bracket. Once the panel ends are mitered at half the degree of the desired angle (the bi-section), the bracket folds out to match the angle of the wall. Similar to the 90 Corner Bracket, ties are placed through the Angle Bracket and into the panel. Angle Brackets are only needed on the outside of the angle and will ensure that the wall is held together plumb and true without the need for structural bracing (bracing for wall alignment is still needed). Low-expansion polyurethane foam adhesive (e.g. Enerfoam) may be used to ensure tightness in the vertical seams. When building bays or angles close to other special wall elements, use a common seam/gap in the middle of the straight wall section to allow for plumbing of the wall. As with radius walls, check plumb on each course installation. An out-of-plumb angle wall will not adjust if pushed in, because the panels have to get shorter to do so. Thus, it is important to monitor plumb during construction. Metal Angle Brackets need ONLY be placed on the outside row of panels. The inside panels are in compression and have ties right at the end, near the joint, and therefore require no Metal Angle Bracket. Be sure to place extra flanges in the outside panels at the joint, as shown below.
Figure 50: Assembly of Angles
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Cutting Panels for Angles

Cut each panel by half (the bi-section) of the total desired angle: e.g. of a 45 angle is 22.5. Cut each side of the angle at 22.5. ALWAYS cut the panels on the outside through the center of the first knob so the Angle Brackets will fit. Cut the inside panels to the appropriate length as illustrated in the chart below.
Building Tip:
A sliding compound miter saw works best to easily and accurately cut the panels. First determine the bi-section of the angle (degree of wall angle divided by two), then set your sliding miter saw to the bi-section angle.
The chart below explains how to cut the inside panels to build different angles: Dimensions in inches: for metric see next page
Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete
Cnominal
Cutting Distance
inches
inches
inches
10
inches
12
inches
B
inches 1 3/8 1 5/8 2 2 2/8 2 5/8 3 3 3/8 3 7/8 4 2/8 4 6/8 5 2/8 5 7/8 6 4/8 7 3/8 8 2/8 9 4/8 10 7/8 12 6/8
A
inches
B
inches 1 4/8 1 7/8 2 3/8 2 7/8 3 3/8 3 7/8 4 3/8 5 5 5/8 6 2/8 7 7 7/8 8 7/8 10 11 2/8 12 7/8 15 17 5/8
A
inches
B
inches 1 5/8 2 1/8 2 6/8 3 3/8 4 4 5/8 5 3/8 6 1/8 6 7/8 7 6/8 8 6/8 9 7/8 11 1/8 12 5/8 14 2/8 16 3/8 19 22 3/8
A
inches
B
inches 1 6/8 2 3/8 3 1/8 3 7/8 4 6/8 5 4/8 6 3/8 7 2/8 8 2/8 9 3/8 10 4/8 11 7/8 13 3/8 15 1/8 17 2/8 19 7/8 23 27 2/8
A
inches
B
inches 1 7/8 2 6/8 3 4/8 4 4/8 5 3/8 6 3/8 7 3/8 8 3/8 9 5/8 10 7/8 12 2/8 13 7/8 15 5/8 17 6/8 20 2/8 23 2/8 27 1/8 32 1/8
Angle inches 7.5 1 4/8 15 2 22.5 2 3/8 30 2 7/8 37.5 3 3/8 45 4 52.5 4 4/8 60 5 1/8 67.5 5 6/8 75 6 4/8 82.5 7 2/8 90 ** 8 1/8 97.5 9 1/8 105 10 2/8 112.5 11 5/8 120 13 3/8 127.5 15 4/8 135 18 2/8
1 5/8 2 2/8 2 7/8 3 4/8 4 1/8 4 6/8 5 4/8 6 2/8 7 1/8 8 9 10 1/8 11 3/8 12 7/8 14 5/8 16 6/8 19 4/8 23
1 6/8 2 4/8 3 2/8 4 4 6/8 5 5/8 6 4/8 7 3/8 8 3/8 9 4/8 10 6/8 12 1/8 13 5/8 15 4/8 17 5/8 20 2/8 23 4/8 27 7/8
1 7/8 2 6/8 3 5/8 4 4/8 5 4/8 6 3/8 7 4/8 8 5/8 9 6/8 11 1/8 12 4/8 14 1/8 16 18 1/8 20 5/8 23 6/8 27 5/8 32 5/8
2 3 4 5 6 1/8 7 2/8 8 4/8 9 6/8 11 1/8 12 5/8 14 2/8 16 1/8 18 2/8 20 6/8 23 5/8 27 2/8 31 5/8 37 4/8
** use Corner Bracket for =90
Formula: A = 1+(Cnominal+3.125)*TAN(0.5**PI()/180)
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Place angle brackets on the outside only on each course Remove this knob Do not forget tie Tie flanges
Cut line through center of knob on outside panel
1 2
of the turn angle a
93 4" [248mm]
22.5
1" [140mm] A = 52
B=
3" [163mm] 68
Place Full Tie on 12" [305mm] mark Use one shot of sprayfoam on each course
Figure 51: Angled Wall Cutting, Bracket & Tie Placement (Imperial) How to read the table for our example: You want to mark the Cut- line "A" on the exposed surface (with grooves) of the panel next to the inside seam of a 45 angle: 1. Look up column A of the "Nominal Concrete" 10" field 2. Go down to 45 row and find 6"
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a=
45.0
July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL Metric Dimensions: for imperial see previous page

Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete Nominal Concrete
Cnominal
Cutting Distance
102
mm
152
mm
203
mm
254
mm
305
mm
A
mm
B
mm 34 42 50 59 67 77 86 97 108 120 134 149 167 187 211 240 276 324
A
mm
B
mm 37 48 60 72 85 98 112 126 142 159 179 200 225 253 287 328 380 447
A
mm
B
mm 40 55 70 86 102 119 137 156 176 198 223 251 282 319 363 416 483 570
A
mm
B
mm 44 62 80 99 119 140 162 185 210 237 268 302 340 385 439 504 586 692
A
mm
B
mm 47 68 90 113 136 161 187 214 244 276 312 352 398 452 515 592 689 815
Angle 7.5 15 22.5 30 37.5 45 52.5 60 67.5 75 82.5 90 ** 97.5 105 112.5 120 127.5 135
37 49 61 74 87 100 115 130 146 164 184 206 232 261 296 339 392 462
41 56 72 88 104 121 140 159 180 203 229 257 290 327 372 427 495 585
44 63 82 101 121 142 165 189 214 242 273 308 348 394 448 515 598 708
47 69 92 115 139 163 190 218 248 281 318 359 406 460 524 603 701 830
51 76 102 128 156 185 215 247 282 320 362 410 463 526 600 691 804 953
** use Corner Bracket for =90

Cut line through center of knob on outside panel
1 2
Formula: A = 25.4+(Cnominal+79.4)*TAN(0.5**PI()/180)
of the turn angle
Place angle brackets on the outside only on each course
Remove this knob Do not forget tie Tie flanges
93 4" [248mm]
22.5
1" [140mm] A = 52
B=
3" [163mm] 68
Place Full Tie on 12" [305mm] mark Use one shot of sprayfoam on each course
Figure 52: Angled Wall Cutting, Bracket & Tie Placement (Metric) How to read the table for our example: You want to mark the Cut- line "A" on the exposed surface (with grooves) of the panel next to the inside seam of a 45 angle: 1. Look up column A of the "Nominal Concrete" 254mm field 2. Go down to 45 row and find 163mm July 2009 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 43
a=
45.0
PRODUCT MANUAL
T-Walls
Where two perpendicular walls meet, they form a T-Wall intersection. As with 90 corners, T-Walls should be constructed first. Walls of different concrete thicknesses can be joined at T-Wall intersections.
Installation
Use a full 4 foot [122cm] panel to form the back of the T-wall (the outside of the wall running through). Avoid placing the panel joints in line with the T, where higher concrete pressures exist during concrete placement. Align the end of the panel/vertical joint with the outside of the intersecting wall. Place two panels for the intersecting wall so intersecting panels will run into the main wall. Place the smaller Inside Corner Bracket over the two 90 corners.
Figure 53: T-Wall Panel & Tie Placement
Set the inside panels so as to butt into the intersecting wall, and maintain the normal layout with the outer panels, keeping their ends aligned. To secure the outside wall (see figures below), either install two Outside Corner Brackets so they span the concrete cavity, flip toward each other and overlap one on top of the other. Place three Full Ties in the main and intersecting walls, filling the slots as close to the inside corners as possible. Cut tie flanges and place between Full Ties at the center of the T into the overlapping Outside Corner Brackets, using one flange at least every 4" [10cm]. Place a Full Tie in the Corner Bracket at the top of the intersecting wall. Second row panels should follow the normal 2 foot [61cm] offset with the middle of the panels falling on the joints of the panels below. Cut the last panel to allow for the T intersection. Start the second row of the intersecting wall with 2 foot [61cm] panels. Repeat the bracket the tie pattern from the first row. If you didnt use the two Outside Corner Brackets across the cavity, brace the back side of the T with conventional bracing. Note: Always pour concrete into the straight wall first and afterwards into the intersecting T-wall.
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Figure 54: T-Wall Assembly w/ two Outside Corner Brackets (plan view)
Figure 55: T-Wall Assembly with 2 Outside Corner Brackets (3D) July 2009 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 45
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Building Tip:
Position the panels that form the back of the T-Wall so a vertical seam will not align with the intersecting wall. Be sure to always brace the back side of any T-Wall intersection when not using the two outside corner brackets, as the ties are placed further apart at this location. Never direct the flow of the concrete during the pour into the backside of the T-Wall, i.e. pour the straight wall first then the intersecting wall.
Pilasters and Square Columns

If the building design calls for the support of heavy beams, posts, or other elements, a pilaster or column may be required at specified points along the wall line. Quad-Lock is the ideal ICF system for these building elements, as the ties can be threaded through reinforcing bar cages that are commonly used in these instances. Metal corner brackets insure a rigid corner construction. From the building plans, determine the center line of the pilaster, and cut back the panels of the total pilaster width + 2" [51mm] in either direction along the wall line. This will result in a cut out that is 4" [102mm] larger than the pilaster, and will allow the intersecting panels to lap inside the main wall line. Also, determine whether the pilaster depth must be centered on the wall or offset, and cut one or two sides accordingly. Cut a panel piece using the called out pilaster width and rounding up to the nearest even 2" [51mm] increment. This will serve as the panel that is parallel to the wall line. Cut two panels to dimension by adding 4" [102mm] to the called out pilaster depth, rounding up to the nearest 2" [51mm] increment. These will be the sides of the pilaster, and must run inside the main wall line, and lap past the parallel end panel. (See diagram below.) It is important to lap these panels inside the main wall line to place them in compression against the main wall to better resist concrete pressure. Place Inside Corner Brackets at the two inside corners. Place two Outside Corner Brackets on the outside corners of the pilaster, lapping in the middle. Place two more Outside Corner Brackets in the opposite direction, similar to T-wall construction and lap toward each other. This will secure the outside panel and reduce the need for bracing. (see T-wall diagram in the previous section) If the pilaster is wider than 12" [305mm], connect a standard sized tie to a 12" [305mm] XT-Extender Tie to equal the width of the pilaster, to the nearest 2" [51mm] increment. In general terms, it is best to cut ties apart into split ties for this application. This will allow ties to easily fit around rebar cages. Ties will span the width of the column only, and the depth (transverse to the main wall) of the pilaster will be secured by metal brackets and cut flanges. Two cross ties (see Figure 56) should be placed over the top of transverse ties to support the sides of the pilaster. Place cut flanges in slots not used by full-width ties to secure the metal brackets together, in at least every other slot. This will provide the rigidity necessary to resist concrete pressure. Secure vertical bracing to the outside of the pilaster to insure that it doesnt shift during the pour. As with T-walls, pour concrete into the main wall next to the pilaster, and let concrete flow into the pilaster. Vibrate the steel cage for best results, rather than inserting the vibrator down into the pilaster.
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Figure 56: Pilaster Built with Quad-Lock Components
Round Columns:
Round columns can be easily formed by using FAST TUBE (TM) brand fabric column forms, available from Quad-Lock. Column diameters from 6" to 12" [152-305mm] are available in 65 ft. rolls [19.8m], and are easily cut to length with a razor knife. The reinforced fabric is unaffected by rain or groundwater, and can be used in any weather condition. Contact your local Quad-Lock dealer for availability, and visit www.quadlock.com for a link to the FAB FORM website.
Radius Walls
Radius walls with a radius as small as 2' [75cm] can be built by making saw cuts on the compressive side of the panels. A sliding radial arm saw with cut depth control is most effective. A Flex Track is used at the bottom of the first course of panels (see brochure below). Low-expansion polyurethane foam adhesive (e.g. Enerfoam) should be sprayed in each horizontal panel seam to make the radius rigid and to reduce bracing requirements. Again offset the panels from one course to the next by 24" [60cm]. Brace the radius more frequently than straight walls (see Chapter 3: Bracing on Page 96).
Cutting Panels
Make sure to cut the compressive sides of the panels and that the cuts are centered over the knobs between the groves and NOT over the 2" [5cm] groves in the panels. For radii 7' [225cm] or less (tight radius) always make a cut at both ends of the panels over the first knob (between the panels end and the first groove).
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PRODUCT MANUAL CUT DEPTH SHOULD BE NOTED TO BE 1" [29mm] FOR REGULAR PANELS AND 3" [86mm] FOR PLUS PANELS.
Figure 57: Radius Wall Panels Cuts Cut Locations Cuts should be placed 4" [102mm] apart for most radii. The larger the radius, the fewer cuts need to be made. The smaller the radius, the more cuts need to be made. In some instances, no cuts are needed, and the wall will bend sufficiently in stock condition. Cut Depths 1" to 1" [29-32mm] is the suggested depth for all cuts in Regular Panels. 3" to 3" [79-83mm] is the suggested depth for all cuts in Plus Panels. The key is the width of each cut, and how much material is being removed to facilitate the bend on the inside face of the radius. Wider cuts will allow the panel to bend more. In some cases, a double saw blade can be used. This is particularly important when making radius walls with the Plus Panel. Plus Panels will require quite wide cuts in order to bend. (On the order of " [6mm] to " [9mm] The cut depth on Plus Panels is always 3" to 3" [79-83mm]. Note: As the panels are stacked, check plumb at each course. The panels will naturally want to lean out. As with angled walls, and out-of-plumb radius wall cannot easily be pushed in, as the panels need to get shorter to do so. Only glue seams after you are certain of the panel length. Seat the panel on the bottom ties, leaving a 1" [25mm] gap; apply low-expansion polyurethane spray foam and press the panel down. This will prevent the wall to grow while building up. it will also make bracing redundant in radius walls up to 4' [120cm] high.
Ties for Radius Walls

The ties in radius walls will not always perfectly line up in a uniform fashion because of the different length of the inside and outside panels. You may have to bend ties a little or split them apart to make them fit. Because of this the resulting cavity may appear to be a little smaller than specified, however, the pressure of the concrete during concrete placement will push it back out into place. Tight Radius Split ties need to be used instead of Full Ties for radii of 7' [225cm] or less (tight radius). Ensure that no more than 3 knobs or 6" [15cm] are between split ties on the radius outside and that all vertical seams of panels have a split tie on each side of the seam.
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Figure 58: Radius Wall (tight radius) Wide Radius Full ties can be used for radii of 7' [225cm] and above. Ensure that no more than 4 knobs or 8" [20cm] are between full ties and that full ties or split ties straddle all vertical seams of panels.
Figure 59: Radius Wall (wide radius)
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Wide Walls and Special Building Elements

Quad-Lock is un-matched in its ability to create walls and special elements of varying cavity sizes. Wall widths of 4" [102mm], 6" [152mm], 8" [203mm], 10" [254mm] and 12" [305mm] are constructed using the desired Full Tie. For projects requiring a wall thickness larger than these standard widths, Full Ties may be combined with XT-Extender Ties. Special building elements that need even wider sizes can be constructed by attaching a second XT-Extender Tie to the other end of the Full Tie. For example, a Blue (6" [152mm]) Full Tie with two XT-Extender Ties would yield a 30" [762mm] cavity. (12"+ 12" + 6" = 30" [305mm + 305mm + 152mm = 762mm])
Extender Tie
Quad-Lock Extender Tie allows builders to create walls of almost any desired concrete thickness. Extender Ties are designed to interlock with regular Full Ties to add exactly 12" (305mm) of concrete cavity size. They are differentiated by their orange color, and the interlock system on one pair of flanges.
Cavity Size Generated (exact)

Extender Tie
XT XT XT XT XT XT+ XT Etc. To assemble, simply slide the flanges of a Full Tie into the receiving flanges of an XT-Extender Tie, and tap into place with a hammer, or tap the assembly against a hard surface. The Full Tie flanges will click into place and cannot be forced out of position by falling concrete during placement. Be sure to seat the Full Tie flanges completely into the XTExtender tie receiving flanges. Once assembled, use the combination ties to form walls with cavities sized according to the chart above. Place at the normal recommended 12" (305mm) horizontal and vertical spacing. Secure horizontal rebar to vertical rebar with plastic zip ties to keep added weight off longer ties, which may cause deflection. Wider wall cavities may generate higher formwork pressure when poured with concrete. Pay close attention to mix design and minimize the amount of water in the mix. Achieve higher slumps by adding plasticizing agents, not water. Monitor slump carefully during the pour, and do not exceed the recommended 5 to 6" [127 152mm] slump. Vibration should be done carefully and only by experienced crew members.
+
+ + + + + +
Full Tie
FTB 4 (Black Tie) FTB 6 (Blue Tie) FTY 8 (Yellow Tie) FTG 10 (Green Tie) FTR 12 (Red Tie) FTB 4 (Black Tie)
R-22 (U-0.28)
15.75 400mm 17.75 451mm 19.75 502mm 21.75 552mm 23.75 603mm 27.75 705mm
R-30 (U-0.20)
13.75 349mm 15.75 400mm 17.75 451mm 19.75 502mm 21.75 552mm 25.75 654mm
R-38 (U-0.15)
11.75 298mm 13.75 349mm 15.75 400mm 17.75 451mm 19.75 502mm 23.75 603mm
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Figure 60: Extender Tie Assembly (18" [457mm] cavity shown)
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Figure 61: Wide Walls
Building Tip:
Assemble fewer XT-Extender Ties + Full Ties than you think you will need for the job. Toward the end of the installation, make up the balance of the ties when you have an accurate count of what is required. Any extra assembled ties will be difficult to disassemble.
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Tall Walls
Because accepted standards for concrete placement discourage excessive fall of concrete during the pour, tall walls generally should be constructed in maximum 10' [3m] increments. Check with the project engineer for specifications on placement of cold joints.
Bracing
Most commercial grade wall bracing systems have brackets available that will allow the extension of the vertical bracing members from the first 10' [3m] section. Leave the first level bracing in place, and extend upward into your next pour with the extension brackets. Extra long lateral turnbuckle braces are also available to allow fine adjustments on taller walls. Remember that working platforms over 6 feet in height must have guardrails attached. Modern ICF bracing systems are equipped with railing adaptors that are in compliance with local and national safety standards. Some systems have adaptors that will fasten the vertical strong-backs laterally to conventional scaffolding which is erected next to the wall. Other systems are designed to fit on top of conventional scaffold brackets and moved from story to story as the building progresses. Contact the Quad-Lock Training and Technical Services Dept. for details on bracing options. If tall walls must be poured monolithically, Quad-Lock recommends that 6" [15cm] diameter access ports be cut in the wall at about 6' [1.8m] intervals (make sure to not cut areas that have ties). Pour the wall from the side until the concrete reaches the level of the cut-outs. Steel should be vibrated from the top of the wall to ensure consolidation of concrete. Save the foam cut-outs and put them back in the wall, bracing them by screwing plywood over the holes and into ties. Continue with the pour from the top (or the next set of access ports), as soon as you are able to place concrete without excessive fall, which may cause segregation of the concrete.
Monolithic Pour
The light weight nature of the Quad-Lock system makes it suitable for the simultaneous monolithic pour of the footing and wall. A monolithic pour is used to eliminate the need for multiple trips by the pumping equipment and to eliminate the cold joint between the footing and wall. Use 2x material for footing forms, and at least 50% more stakes than normal. If the wall is higher than 4' [1.2m), make the footing extra wide to allow pouring from each side (between the wall and footing forms). Before the final grade is set, cut rot resistant 1x4 spreaders and attach them to the 2x footing forms at maximum 3' [1m] intervals. Set the footing forms to grade and secure into place with stakes. Strike the building line on top of the 1x4 spreaders with a chalk line. Now fasten the Metal Track to the 1 x 4 spreaders using the chalk line as a guide with screws through the Metal Track. A self tapping screw works best. Cut wooden spacers to set the inside track, and fasten to the 1 x 4 spreaders. Now set the Quad-Lock Panels into the track in the same fashion you would on a pre-poured footing. Brace the wall as you normally would by screwing bracing to the ties. On walls 4' [1.2m] high and under, fill the footing from the top of the wall. On walls higher than that, fill the footing first from the sides, pouring through the gap left between the Quad-Lock Panels and the footing forms. Space the arrival of concrete trucks to allow a few extra minutes of set time for the footings before pouring the walls. When the footings begin to set, continue the pour in the walls.
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QUAD-LOCK PANEL VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING QUAD-LOCK TIE FOUNDATION DOWELS AT REQUIRED SPACING SECURE TO METAL O-TRACK & QUAD-LOCK TIES METAL J-TRACK SECURED TO METAL O-TRACK METAL OMEGA-TRACK AT 24" O.C. SECURED TO 2x or PLYWOOD FORMS STEEL OR WOOD STAKES FOR FORM SUPPORT
CONTINOUS STEEL REINF. AS SPECIFIED SECURE TO METAL OMEGA-TRACK
Figure 62: Typical Monolithic Footing / Wall Set Up
Wall Width Transitions

Wall width transitions are easily accomplished using the Quad-Lock Plus Panels on the transition layer. When incorporating wall width transitions in your project for transitioning from one wall thickness to another, it is important to follow these suggestions: A wall width transition generally occurs where a floor ties into a wall or from one story to the next. A good practice is to build a maximum of 2' [60cm] above the transition (and accommodate the floor connection). Then, pour a maximum of 16" [40cm] above the transition, with floor ledger attachment accessories already in place. When the concrete is sufficiently cured, install the floor system, which can then serve as a platform to build the next story of concrete walls. IMPORTANT: Always cover (protect) ties, slots, and foam interlocks during the pour if you intend on building walls higher. Concrete spilled on the panels and ties will prevent a proper fit on the next row. Use pieces of Quad-Lock Metal Track, or plastic rain gutter as a shield. Slide them along the wall under the concrete pump hose as you pour. To step out, place a Plus Panel with the inner row of tie slots lined up with the ties below, and place the next larger tie size in the outer row of slots at the top of the Plus panel. Next, place a Regular Panel on the wider tie and continue the wall at the new cavity width. To ensure good consolidation, cut the bottom inside edge of the Plus Panel at a 45 angle to permit better concrete flow.
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Wall Width Transition using Quad-Lock Plus Panels (w/ Ledger Board Connection)
W-2" [W-51mm] C-2" [C-51mm]
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED QUAD-LOCK FS PANEL QUAD-LOCK TIE
CROP-OUT FOAM AS REQUIRED SUBFLOOR WOOD JOISTS AS SPECIFIED
VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING
LEDGER BOARD SECURED TO WALL WITH ANCHOR BOLTS AT REQUIRED SPACING QUAD-LOCK PLUS PANEL FOR TRANSITION (MITER AT BOTTOM TO AVOID VOIDS UNDERNEATH THE PLUS PANEL)
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE
QUAD-LOCK REGULAR PANEL SIDING AS SPECIFIED ATTACHED TO FASTENING STRIP HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
C W
Figure 63: Wall Width Transition & Ledger Connection
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Figure 64: Wall Width Transition using Quad-Lock Plus Panels
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Double Walls / Common Walls

Double Walls or Common Walls are easily built using a Quad-Lock Plus Panels in the middle and offsetting the ties for the two sides of the walls. Fully push down the ties that are seated in the Plus Panel the wrong way.
Figure 65: Double Wall / Common Wall
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Foundation Walls
If the Quad-Lock system is chosen as an alternate or a substitute to a conventionally formed foundation wall, design professionals should ensure to account for the 2" [57mm] or 4" [108mm] thickness of the panels at the footing and sill plate. The structural aspects of the concrete wall design are the same as for conventional cast in place concrete walls.
Note:
Building codes in the USA and Canada have prescriptive design specifications which may be used without the need for site specific engineering. See Appendix C for specific code references.
Foundation Vents:
Use off-the-shelf plastic foundation vents sized to the outer dimensions of the Quad-Lock wall, and foam into place prior to pour. Be sure to consolidate concrete under vents. Some building codes, e.g. USA-IRC, require damp-proofing and/or waterproofing of foundation walls.
Figure 66: Vent Wall Penetration
WINDOW AND DOOR OPENINGS

Window and door rough openings, specified by the window or door manufacturers, are accommodated by installing a frame in the Quad-Lock wall (referred to as a window buck or door buck). The manner in which window and door openings in Quad-Lock ICF walls are formed is a function of three issues: 1. The desired architectural detail after the concrete is poured. 2. How the window/door frame is to be attached to the wall. 3. The position in which the window or door is required to remain, in relation to the center line of the wall. Treated wood or plastic forms may be left in the wall permanently; wood or metal forms may be removed after the pour, leaving a concrete surface to mount frames to. It may even be the case that a fully insulated window opening may be desired to minimize the thermal transfer around the opening. Pressure treated lumber can be used in direct contact with concrete. If pressure treated lumber is not used, some method of protecting the wood from contact with the concrete is necessary, e.g. peel and stick window flashing. Ask the wood supplier for fasteners which are appropriate for use with pressure treated material, as the treated wood can be highly corrosive.
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Figure 67: Wood Buck-Out and Bracing
Method 1: Internal Wood Bucks

In many areas, it is acceptable to leave pressure treated wood in the wall in contact with the concrete. In this case, wood members matching the internal cavity dimension of the Quad-Lock wall are fashioned into a buck-out or shuttering to create a rough opening for windows and doors. The inside face of the lumber becomes the rough opening dimension and Quad-Lock Panels are run past the wood member. The buck should be fastened at 6" [15cm] on center with 3" [75mm] long screws (or 5" [10cm] for Plus Panels) and Wind-Locks or equivalent fastening plates. Pre-set the screws in Wind-Locks, and fasten through the Quad-Lock Panels into the wood buck. Pull the Wind-Lock tight into the foam, so the Wind-Lock reverses its shape and is below the surface of the panel. The EPS foam is later trimmed back to the inside edge of the wood, which remains in place. Wind-Lock screws must be long enough to penetrate the Quad-Lock Panels plus " [18mm] into the wood member. Most builders place a number of galvanized nails into the lumber on the concrete side of the buck to remain in the pour and provide shear value to the entire frame. Frames should be assembled such that the top member is supported by the side members. All materials used must be acceptable for use in conjunction with concrete. Usually, the opening is made large enough to accommodate a second liner of 2x material [40mm thick lumber], to which the window or door flange is attached. This liner may be left flush with the outside of the wall, or recessed to create different architectural details. Some prefer to simply caulk behind the window flanges and set the window against the foam, securing the flange through the EPS panel and into the wood member with long screws. For the bottom, or sill, use two 2x4s on edge to create an opening to pour through, instead of full cavity width lumber. Fasten the panels to the wood with Wind-Locks and screws. An alternate method for the sill is to use Quad-Lock Wire Top Ties and Metal Track to form the sill instead of wood. This leaves the sill 100% open for rebar placement and pouring and consolidation of concrete. Trim off excess EPS foam from around the opening. Internal bucks larger than 3 feet [1m] in width or height should be braced so the maximum span vertically or horizontally is 3 feet [1m]. Always check for Plumb, Square and Level. Drive galvanized nails or screws into the back side of the buck to provide shear value. Refer to the detail drawing below.
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Figure 68: Window Attachment Options Building Tip: Pre-assemble all door and window bucks for the job. Pull cross dimensions to insure that the buck is square and nail a brace on to hold it in square. Nail two pieces of scrap lumber across the sill to hold the buck in position when you set it in the wall. Number the bucks and have them available for placement in the wall when the proper wall height is reached.
Method 2: External Wood Bucks

Window and door bucks that span the wall width (called external bucks) are no longer recommended by Quad-Lock. This style of buck is (wood) material intensive, and creates a thermal bridge that compromises the integrity of the thermal envelope. Contact the Quad-Lock Training and Technical Services Dept. for ideas on how to treat window and door openings. GREEN BUILDING TIP: Use window buck lumber to form footings, using Fab-Form footing fabric to minimize jobsite waste, and gain points for recycled materials. Re-use footing forms as window/door buck-out material.
Method 3: Permanent Plastic Frames

Many builders use specially designed plastic frame material that is fashioned into full wall width frames which both form the concrete and serve as an attachment point for windows and doors. In this case, the EPS panels must be cut precisely to size and the plastic frames are fit over the panel edges, and fastened into place with spray foam adhesive. Some systems have tie-backs which reach back into the wall cavity and are secured to form ties to help resist concrete pressure during the pour, and keep the frame in place. Care must be taken that the inside of the frames are adequately braced to resist bowing during the concrete pour. Always check for Plumb, Square, and Level.
Method 4: Fully Insulated Openings

In areas of extreme cold, it may be desirable to fully wrap the window or door opening with EPS panel material in order to minimize thermal bridging at window and door locations. In this case, the Quad-Lock Window Bracket is used in pairs at each level to secure short pieces of panel material into place at each level during assembly. Tie flanges are placed into the metal brackets on the inside of the window opening to provide points of attachment every 12" [305mm]. While the Window Brackets are quite sturdy, it is advisable to use a wood brace around the entire interior face of the opening to assure dimensional stability. At the header, a full-width wood form is used to support the concrete. Scrap foam is laid on the wood form inside the wall cavity to provide the thermal break. At the bottom use Quad-Lock Wire Top Ties and Metal Track instead of wood. This leaves the sill 100% open for concrete pouring and consolidation and provides for rebar placement. Once the sill consolidates fill in with excess foam panels and fasten with sprayfoam to existing concrete and Quad-Lock Panels. See Figure 67 for details.
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Figure 69: Insulated Opening
Method 5: Exposed Concrete Rough Openings

In some areas and in certain types of construction, it is not customary to leave any material, wood or plastic, in the window or door rough opening, and only a concrete face is desired. This is easily attained by using the same method as above in Permanent Internal Wood Frames, but decreasing the size of the buck-out (or shuttering) to make the outside surface of the wooden form match the desired concrete rough opening size. Quad-Lock Panels are still run past the wood form and fastened with Wind-Lock plastic plates and screws, but no nails are placed into the concrete side of the form. The concrete side of the form is treated with a form release agent. The entire form is then braced into position for the pour. After the pour, screws and Wind-Locks are removed, and the foam is cut with a circular saw back to the edge of the concrete. The entire form assembly is removed, cleaned, and saved for later use.
REMOVE FORM AND FOAM AS SHOWN
REMOVE FORM AND FOAM AS SHOWN
OPTION 1
OPTION 2
OPTION 3
Figure 70: Attachment Options of Windows to Concrete
Installation of Window Bucks

When reaching the level to install the pre-fabricated window bucks, or rough openings, determine the sill height, and mark it on the inside panels. Center the opening according to the plans, and cut the foam away down to the required height for your type of buck with a hand saw. Cut the outside panels in a similar fashion. Attach blocks to the sill of internal bucks to help position them. Lift the pre-fabricated assembly into position, and have a crew member tack it into place using Wind-Lock style fasteners and appropriately sized screws.
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PRODUCT MANUAL Check the sill for level and adjust. Now continue on with building the wall around the window bucks. Run panels just past the inside of the bucks. Place split ties as close to the buck as possible. Fasten around both sides of the perimeter of the buck, using Wind-Locks and screws at maximum 6" [152mm] centers. Trim away excess foam with a hand saw. Make sure that you have access to the wall cavity through the sill, to ensure concrete consolidation. Reduce waste by saving all your leftover pieces that are 12" [305mm] long or more, and using them on the second to last row at the top of the wall where there is less form pressure. When window and door openings occur in locations close to corners, the corners may tend to act more like columns and require additional tie-backs. When an opening is less than 4 feet [1.2m] from a corner, span a 2x from the corner across the opening and well into the wall beyond at about 3 ft. [90cm] O.C. vertically. Screw through the 2x into the tie flanges to anchor the corner back to the rest of the wall on the other side of the opening.
Attaching Storm or Typhoon Shutters

Many hurricane-prone coastal or island communities are now requiring storm or typhoon shutters on the exterior openings of buildings. In this case, it is wise to have a concrete surface to mount the shutter directly to, rather than reaching through the EPS panels with long fasteners into the concrete. Long fasteners that penetrate the foam are subject to a cantilever condition that will put large amounts of shear stress on them, and are therefore not advisable. A form must be constructed that is a hybrid of the Internal Wood Buck described above, and an External Wood Buck made from plywood. This hybrid form will allow the concrete to flow to the outside of the building in a band along the header and sill of the window or door, to which storm shutters can be properly attached. External plywood form components should be made large enough to be screwed to tie flanges above and below the opening. See diagram for suggestions on construction of a hybrid form.
Figure 71: Attachment of Roll-Up Storm Shutter
Windows at Corners:
IMPORTANT: When window and door openings occur in locations close to corners, the corners may tend to act more like columns and require additional tie-backs. When an opening is less than 4 ft [120cm] from a corner, span a 2x from the corner across the opening and well into the wall beyond at about 3 ft. [91cm] o.c. vertically. Screw through the 2x into the tie flanges to anchor the corner back to the rest of the wall on the other side of the opening.
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WINDOW ROUGH OPENING (INTERNAL BUCK)

FOR 6" WALL USE 2x6" LUMBER FOR 8" WALL USE 2x8" LUMBER FOR 10" WALL USE 2x10" LUMBER
WINDLOCKS (FASTENERS)
INSET BUCK LET PANELS RUN BY AND TRIM
BRACE ALL OPENINGS EXCEEDING 3'0" (915mm) IN LENGHT/HEIGHT
PRESSURE TREATED 2X LUMBER

12"
ANCHORS AS REQUIRED
8"
GAP FOR PLACEMENT & VIBRATION/RODDING OF CONCRETE
METAL J-TRACK SECURELY FASTENED @ 24" (610mm) O.C.
Figure 72: Window Rough Opening (Internal Buck)
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DOOR ROUGH OPENING (INTERNAL BUCK)

BRACE ALL OPENINGS EXCEEDING 3'0" (915mm) IN LENGHT/HEIGHT
12"
INSET BUCK (PRESSURE TREATED) LET PANELS RUN BY AND TRIM METAL J-TRACK SECURELY FASTENED @ 24" (610mm) O.C.
Figure 73: Door Rough Opening
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ARCHED WINDOW ROUGH OPENING (INTERNAL BUCK)

PLYWOOD FRAME REINFORCEMENT
PLYWOOD FRAME (PRESSURE TREATED)
12"
INSET BUCK (PRESSURE TREATED) LET PANELS RUN BY AND TRIM METAL J-TRACK SECURELY FASTENED @ 24" (610mm) O.C.
Figure 74: Arched Openings
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Typical Lintel with Stirrups Detail
HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED QUAD-LOCK TIE QUAD-LOCK PANEL CORROSION RESITANT FASTENER IN STAGGERED PATTERN TO ATTACH BUCK TO CONCRETE AIR SPACE / INSULATION TOP LINTEL REINFORCEMENT AS SPECIFIED STIRRUPS AS SPECIFIED
BOT. LINTEL REINFORCEMENT AS SPECIFIED FASTEN WINDOW AS SHOWN WINDOW FRAME GLAZING
2x6 WOOD SPACER (MOVE IN FOR RECESSED WINDOW) P.T. INTERNAL WINDOW BUCK
WATERPROOFING CAULKING FLASHING
Figure 75: Typical Lintel with Stirrups Detail
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WINDOW INSTALLATION:
Windows can be attached to rough openings in Quad-Lock walls in one of several ways: 1. Screw window flanges to stops that are fastened to internal buck-outs. This method will have required oversizing the rough openings by 2 times the stop material thickness. (Example 1" + 1"= 3" [38mm + 38mm = 76mm]) It is advisable to add a small amount of extra room to insure a fit. 2. Screw windows to L metal that has been fastened to bare concrete, left exposed after removal of temporary rough opening forms. Flangeless windows are generally fastened through the window frame and directly into concrete. 3. Use adhesive and 3" [83mm] min. length screws to fasten window flanges to surface of foam, and into internal buck-out material behind foam panels. 4. Flangeless windows are generally fastened through the window frame and directly into concrete, left exposed after removal of temporary rough opening forms.
Window Flashing:
When installing windows, Quad-Lock recommends that proper precautions are made to resist the intrusion of water through the window opening. In addition to adherence to the window manufacturers recommendations, Quad-Lock makes the following recommendations: Window rough openings should be flashed with a durable waterproof flashing material which is rated for contact with Expanded Polystyrene Layers of flashing should be shingled from the bottom of the window opening to allow moisture to shed away from the opening. Flash the sill area first, then install the window with caulking, then the side flashing, and lastly the head flashing. Peel-and-stick flashing products should only be installed after a compatible primer is applied to the EPS to promote adhesion and durability. If EIFS or cement-based stucco is to be applied as a finish layer, the surface of the flashing material should be textured to promote adhesion between the flashing and the cladding product. (Suggest: Polyguard Tile-Guard www.polyguardproducts.com)
Consult the window manufacturers installation instructions in all cases and call the Quad-Lock Technical Department with questions.
FLOOR CONNECTIONS
Quad-Lock can accommodate several wall-to-floor connection details, depending on the type of floor system called for by the building designer, including conventional lumber, engineered wood joist, metal joist, heavy timber, suspended concrete slab, and concrete T-beam slab construction.
Ledger Connections for Wood Floors

Ledgers may be attached using most generally accepted building practices. Commonly, ledger boards are either pre-set with bolts or attached using one of several ICF Ledger Connector systems.
ICF Ledger Connectors (ICFLC)

Quad-Lock distributes the ICF Ledger Connector System from Simpson Strong Tie Co. The system provides easy, quick and versatile installation of ledgers for use with regular thickness Quad-Lock Panels. Ledger brackets can also be used for the attachment of interior walls, overhead door attachment etc. Quad-Lock recommends that the ICFLC, ICFLC-W, ICFLC-CW and their associated fasteners should NOT be used in contact with treated lumber, in exterior applications, or anywhere water is likely to be present (unless you ensure compatibility of your treated lumber with the metal components).
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Figure 76: Installation of Floor Ledger with Bracket System
Installation
To install the brackets, use a laser level to determine the elevation of the ledger, usually the top of floor or roof joists. Strike the line with a chalk line on the surface of the panels. Insert the fixed portion of the ledger bracket through the foam, either at a vertical seam, or through a cut made with a drywall saw at spacing determined by the project engineer. The ledger bracket is designed to be securely embedded in the concrete inside the wall. After the concrete is poured, recheck and chalk the elevation of the ledger and the layout pattern of the brackets. Use the chalk line as the guide for elevation. Temporarily tack the ledger to the ties while fastening. Transfer that layout pattern to the ledger material, and fasten the J shaped portion of the bracket to the ledger board. Fasten the assembled ledger to the fixed brackets using self tapping screws provided.
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PRODUCT MANUAL Ledger Installation using ICF Ledger Connectors
VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED SUBFLOOR QUAD-LOCK TIE WOOD JOISTS AS SPECIFIED
QUAD-LOCK PANEL
EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE WOOD LEDGER SUPPORTED BY SIMPSON ICFVL-W/CW OR EQ. SIMPSON ICFVL FLOOR HANGER BRACKET OR EQ. CAST INTO CONCRETE INSTALL TO MANUFACTURER'S RECOMMENDATION HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
FREE DRAINING BACKFILL AS SPECIFIED
PARGING MIN. PER CODE

WATERPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFED
SLOPE
Figure 77: Ledger Installation using ICF Ledger Connectors
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Pre-Set Ledger Boards with Bolts

Another common method of ledger attachment is to pre-set the ledger and bolts before pouring the concrete. To pre-set wood or steel ledgers, cut holes in the panel at each anchoring location (avoiding the ties). Each hole in the panel must be cut to the same height of the ledger. Ledger sizing, bolt pattern and spacing should be determined by a professional engineer and/or applicable building codes. Brace and level ledgers prior to placement of concrete. Typical Ledger Board Connection with Anchor Bolts
VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED
QUAD-LOCK PANEL
QUAD-LOCK TIE
SUBFLOOR WOOD JOISTS AS SPECIFIED
EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE LEDGER BOARD SECURED TO WALL W/ ANCHOR BOLTS AT REQUIRED SPACING CROP-OUT FOAM AS REQUIRED
Figure 78: Typical Ledger Board Connection w/ Anchor Bolts
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Typical Ledger Board Connection with Anchor Bolts and Wall Width Transition:
Figure 79: Installation of Floor Ledger with Conventional J-Bolts
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LEDGER PLACEMENT AND SUPPORT (CAST IN PLACE)

FASTEN LEDGER BOARD INTO QUAD-LOCK PLASTIC TIES HOLES CUT IN PANELS TO MATCH ANCHOR BOLTS AND WIDTH OF LEDGER BOARD ANCHOR BOLTS WITH NUTS ON BOTH SIDES OF LEDGER BOARD PREASSEMBELED
2X4 SPACER TO SUPPORT METAL BRACE FASTENED TO QUAD-LOCK PLASTIC TIES METAL J-TRACK SECURELY FASTENED @ 24" (610mm) O.C.
NOTE: LEDGER BOARD TO BE PRESSURE TREATED OR PROTECTED WITH PEEL& STICK FROM CONCRETE
Figure 80: Ledger Placement and Support
Concrete Floor Connections

When it is necessary to connect a poured-in-place concrete suspended slab to a Quad-Lock wall, the connection must be planned carefully in advance. The project engineer should be involved in the planning, and must approve final details. Generally, care must be taken to provide for steel reinforcing to connect the walls and the slab. The elevation of the slab must be carefully calculated, and provisions made for forming the slab with Quad-Deck, or conventional suspended slab forming and shoring.
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Slab Edge Forms:

Quad-Lock Panels may be used as the edge form around the perimeter of the slab area where it intersects the exterior walls. This can occur at a flat-roof to wall connection, a parapet wall to roof connection, or an intermediate floor to wall connection (Figure 81). The best means of stabilizing the Quad-Lock edge-form panels is to install Quad-Lock Slab Ties (at 24" [610mm] horizontal intervals) two courses down from the top-of-slab elevation, and brace with 2x4s attached to the Slab Ties with Quad-Lock Slab Brackets (Figure 81). As concrete is poured into the wall and encases the Slab Ties, they form a solid attachment point for the vertical 2x4 braces, which extend 2 to 3 ft [610-914mm] down, and to the top of the edge-form panels above (about 2 feet [610mm]). The Slab Tie acts as a fulcrum as concrete pressure is exerted against the edge form panels, and the 2x4 [610mm x 1219mm] brace is prevented from rotating around that attachment by the solid concrete wall below. A horizontal whaler is attached at the tops of the 2x4 [610mm x 1219mm] vertical braces, and Metal Track is placed (temporarily) over the top panel edge to make the edge even more rigid. If the above method is used, the entire structure can be assembled from platforms on succeeding floors, without having to work on the outside of the building. This is a major advantage on multi-story construction. NOTE: Vertical 2x4 [610mm x 1219mm] braces used in conjunction with Quad-Lock Slab Ties and Slab Tie Brackets have NOT been certified to be in compliance with OSHA or other safety requirements to be used as guardrails or other fall protection. Guardrails generally must be a minimum height of 39" [991mm] and be able to withstand 200lbs [91kg] of lateral force. Consult your regional government safety officials for current requirements on scaffolding, guardrails, and fall protection.
Figure 81: Concrete Floor Construction Details
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Other Floor Connections

Typical Composite Steel Deck Slab Floor Connection with Steel Joists
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED
QUAD-LOCK PANEL QUAD-LOCK TIE DOWELS AS SPECIFIED
JOIST POCKET - 3.5" MIN. BEARING WELDED WIRE MESH AS SPECIFIED COMPOSITE STEEL DECK-SLAB AS SPECIFIED
EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE
PARGING MIN. PER CODE WATERPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFED

SLOPE
STEEL JOISTS AS SPECIFIED
Figure 82: Typical Composite Steel Deck Slab Floor Connection with Steel Joists
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL Typical Hambro Composite Floor System Connection
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED
QUAD-LOCK PANEL
3.5" MIN. BEARING ON CONCRETE WELDED WIRE MESH AS SPECIFIED
QUAD-LOCK TIE
DOWELS AS SPECIFIED
FLOOR IS POURED PRIOR TO INSTALLING NEXT STORY OF WALL
EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE
PARGING MIN. PER CODE WATERPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFED

SLOPE
HAMBRO OWSJ SYSTEM
Figure 83: Typical Hambro Composite Floor System Connection
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PRODUCT MANUAL Typical Hollow Core Precast Floor Slab Connection
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED FLOOR IS INSTALLED PRIOR TO INSTALLING NEXT STORY OF WALL
QUAD-LOCK TIE
HOLLOW CORE PRECAST PANEL SYSTEM SLAB TOPPING AS SPECIFIED
QUAD-LOCK PANEL EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE PARGING MIN. PER CODE WATERPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFED
SLOPE
HOLLOW CORE PANEL REINF. AS SPECIFIED ALLOW CONCRETE TO INFIL THE CORE BY BREKING OUT TOP OF HOLOW CORE SKIN AT EVERY DOWEL LOCATION MIN. BEARING & BEARING PAD AS SPECIFIED
Figure 84: Typical Hollow Core Precast Floor Slab Connection
FRAMING CONNECTIONS
When Quad-Lock walls are used as a basement or foundation only, with conventional framing above, many design options are available depending on requirements. Quad-Lock may be used in conjunction with all conventional building methods. Ledgers, joists, trusses and rafters of wood or steel may be attached to the Quad-Lock walls. Quad-Lock recommends having an Engineer review specific applications.
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SHEATHING BLOCKING SUBFLOOR FLOOR JOIST SHEATHING DOUBLE RIM BOARD SUBFLOOR FLOOR JOIST PREPENDICULAR TO WALL
RIM BOARD
SILL PLATE
SILL PLATE
CANTILEVERED PLATE
JOISTS PARALLEL
CANTILEVERED PLATE
JOISTS PREPENDICULAR
SHEATHING
SUBFLOOR FLOOR JOIST
SHEATHING
SUBFLOOR FLOOR JOIST
RIM BOARD
RIM BOARD
SILL PLATE
SILL PLATE FLASHING
FLASHING
100% BEARING WITH FLASHING

Figure 85: Sill Plate Options
100% BEARING WITH FLASHING
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PRODUCT MANUAL Typical Wall to Floor & Framing Connection
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED TYP. BRICK VENEER OR OTHER AIR SPACE AS SPECIFIED SHEATHING AS SPECIFIED INSULATION AS SPECIFIED SUBFLOOR BLOCKING AS SPECIFIED RIM BOARD WOOD "I" JOIST
SILL PLATE
CEILING FINISH QUAD-LOCK TIE VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING
QUAD-LOCK PANEL
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
BRICK TIE
Figure 86: Typical Wall to Floor & Framing Connection
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL Typical Roof Rafter or Truss - Low Uplift Connection
ROOF VENT RAFTER AS SPECIFIED ROOFING AS SPECIFIED BLOCKING AS SPECIFIED ROOF SHEATHING AS SPECIFIED
CEILING JOIST AS SPECIFIED FS PANEL EAVE VENT CEILING FINISH INSULATION AS SPECIFIED P.T. SILL PLATE W/ ANCHOR BOLT AT REQUIRED SPACING
2x BACKER GLUE & SCREW TO FS PANEL
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED W/ RATED EXTERIOR SCREW QUAD-LOCK PANEL QUAD-LOCK TIE INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING
Figure 87: Typical Roof Rafter or Truss - Low Uplift Connection
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PRODUCT MANUAL Typical Roof Rafter or Truss - Hurricane/Seismic Strap Connection
INSULATION AS SPECIFIED RAFTER AS SPECIFIED
HURRICANE STRAP AS SPECIFIED ROOFING AS SPECIFIED BLOCKING AS SPECIFIED ROOF SHEATHING AS SPECIFIED
CEILING JOIST AS SPECIFIED FS PANEL EAVE VENT CEILING FINISH INSULATION AS SPECIFIED P.T. SILL PLATE W/ ANCHOR BOLT AT REQUIRED SPACING
2x BACKER GLUE & SCREW TO FS PANEL
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED W/ RATED EXTERIOR SCREW QUAD-LOCK PANEL QUAD-LOCK TIE INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING
Figure 88: Typical Roof Rafter or Truss - Hurricane/Seismic Strap Connection
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL Typical Cantilevered Joist Connection
HEADER/LINTEL REINFORCEMENT AS SPECIFIED
FRAMED WALL TYP. INSULATION CONT. TIMBER STRAND RIMBOARD OR APPROVED EQUAL AS PER ENGINEER
I-JOISTS BLOCKING EACH SPACE CANTILIVERED JOIST AS PER ENGINEERED PLAN EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED DBL. PLATE W/ ANCHOR BOLT AT REQUIRED SPACING INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE QUAD-LOCK PANEL QUAD-LOCK TIE
Figure 89: Cantilevered Joist Connection
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SOLID WALL CAP

In cases where a solid concrete cap is needed on top of a Quad-Lock wall, such as with retaining walls and some foundation walls, screw plywood strips to the Metal Track as a form and screed line. Brace as needed.
BEVEL EDGE OF CONCRETE
MAX. = 6" [153mm] MIN. = 3" [77mm] SECOND FORM LAYER PLYWOOD FORM SPACER LAYER TO ALLOW FOR EXTERIOR FINISH FASTEN TO QUAD-LOCK TIES AS SHOWN VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING QUAD-LOCK PANEL
QUAD-LOCK TIE
Figure 90: Forming for Solid Wall Cap
CONNECTIONS TO OTHER WALLS

Interior Partition Wall Connection
The methods shown below or the ICF Ledger Connector System (see ICF Ledger Connector on Page 71) can be used for the attachment of interior walls.
QUAD-LOCK TIE HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
QUAD-LOCK PANEL EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING MASONARY SCREW OR ANCHOR AS SPECIFIED INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED INTERIOR PARTITION WALL
Figure 91: Typical Interior Partition Wall Connection (plan view)
July 2009
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QUAD-LOCK TIE
QUAD-LOCK PANEL EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING MASONARY SCREW OR ANCHOR AS SPECIFIED INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED INTERIOR PARTITION WALL
Figure 92: Typical Interior Partition Wall Connection, Direct to Concrete (plan view)
QUAD-LOCK TIE INTERIOR PARTITION WALL QUAD-LOCK PANEL EXTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING GLUE TO QUAD-LOCK PANELS & SCREW TO QUAD-LOCK TIES INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
Figure 93: Typical Interior Partition Wall Connection, Screwed to Tie Flange (plan view)
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Connection to Existing Concrete Wall
EXISTING CMU WALL
IF BLOCK EMPTY PROVIDE HOOKED BARS AND FILL VOID SOLID W/ GROUT PROVIDE DOWELS BETWEEN WALLS TO MATCH HORIZONTAL REBAR DRILL TO CONCRETE & SECURE W/ EPOXY GROUT
QUAD-LOCK TIE
QUAD-LOCK PANEL HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
Figure 94: Typical Connection to Existing Concrete Wall
ELECTRICAL
Poured-in-place concrete walls formed and insulated by the Quad-Lock ICF system will accommodate electrical wiring and fixtures, either in the concrete cavity before the pour using conduit, or after the pour by cutting chases in the foam for wiring and boxes. NOTE: CONFIRM THE FOLLOWING WITH LOCAL BUILDING OFFICIALS BEFORE BUILDING While conduit can be set prior to the pour, field experience has shown that the after-pour method for placement of wiring runs, boxes, and fixtures allows much more flexibility and is easier and less expensive for most electrical needs.
Recommended Tools
Field experience has also shown that several tools are useful in placement of electrical wiring and boxes in Quad-Lock forms. These include: Hot Knife kit (Wind-Lock, Demand Products, or other) Electric chain saw for wiring runs Router for wiring runs Drywall saw Small roto-hammer drill Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details Page 89
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Service Access: (Pre-pour and After-pour methods)

Penetrations through walls for service access should be provided prior to pouring concrete by inserting a sleeve in a hole cut in the Quad-Lock forms which is large enough to accommodate the wire or conduit necessary for service. Usually this sleeve is a piece of PVC, ABS, or other plastic pipe. Mark the desired location for the service entrance by using the sleeve for a template and draw the shape of the sleeve on the wall surface. Using a drywall saw, cut a hole to accommodate the sleeve on both sides of the wall, and insert sleeve material. Use spray foam to secure the sleeve into place for the concrete pour. MAKE SURE THAT YOUR SLEEVE MATERIAL IS COMPATIBLE WITH OTHER WIRING OR CONDUIT THAT IS TO PASS THROUGH THE SLEEVE. When wire or conduit is in place, use spray foam to fill the sleeve and secure wire or conduit.
Figure 95: Plumbing / Electrical Wall Penetration Building Tip: Cut teeth in one end of a PVC pipe matching the desired hole size and screw it through the wall to create the wall penetration. Reuse that piece for other holes.
Electrical Panel Placement:

Electrical panels can be placed on top of the foam or against concrete after the foam has been removed. It is not suggested that an electrical panel be placed in the forms prior to pour and cast in place. If a surface-mount of the electrical panel is desired, cut a piece of " [13mm] to " [19mm] plywood to match the size of the panel. Use a compatible adhesive or spray foam to glue the plywood to the surface of the foam, and also screw the plywood to the flanges of plastic ties. A #8 or #10 screw has about 30 lbs of shear value per fastener, so use a fastener count that exceeds the load to be placed on it. When the plywood is secured, mount the electrical panel to the plywood with screws, or as recommended. For excessively heavy panels, it may be desirable to use anchor bolts to connect directly to the concrete. Support the box temporarily, and through-drill through the box, the foam panel, and into the concrete. Set anchor bolts into the holes and set nuts as directed. If a flush-mount is desired, pre-planning is required to substitute Quad-Lock Plus Panels at the location where the electrical panel is to be mounted. The 4" [108mm] thick Plus Panels can be cut away from the mounting area to allow a recessed installation of the panel. Direct connection to the concrete with anchor bolts or concrete screws is recommended.
Box Placement:
Electrical boxes may be placed either prior to the concrete pour, using conduit inside the wall cavity, or after the pour by cutting away the EPS insulation and exposing the concrete. Boxes should be sized to accommodate the wiring to be placed inside, and be deep enough to connect to concrete, and still sit higher than the surface of the foam by the thickness of the finish material (usually gypsum wallboard or stucco). Example: In the case of a 2" [57mm] Regular Quad-Lock Panel, the box must be 2" [70mm] deep to touch the concrete, and remain flush to " [13mm] gypsum wallboard attached to the foam. Page 90 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details July 2009
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Pre-Pour:
Before concrete is poured, have the electrician mark the exact location of all electrical boxes. Use the box as a template, and use a felt pen to draw the shape of the box on the wall. Use an electric hot knife or hand saw to cut the foam away to accommodate the box. Place the box in the hole and secure into place with spray foam. Be sure to check that boxes are securely fastened in order to resist the pressure of a concrete pour. The electrician can now connect conduit to the backs of the boxes at his discretion. Conduit should be secured into place with wire to the plastic ties. If the box does not sit higher than the plane of the foam, use a mud ring to extend the box.
After-Pour:
Have the electrician mark the exact location of all electrical boxes. Use the box as a template and use a felt pen to draw the shape of the box on the wall. Use an electric hot knife or hand saw to cut the foam away to accommodate the box. Place the box in the hole and secure into place by drilling a hole through the box and into concrete with a hammer drill. Use a concrete screw fastener (TapCon or equivalent) to affix the box firmly to concrete. Inspectors generally discourage shooting boxes onto concrete with P.A.T. fastening devices, and will not approve adhesive caulk or spray foam as a method to secure boxes. If the box does not sit higher than the plane of the foam, use a mud ring to extend the box.
Wiring Runs:
Pre-Pour:
Conduit is placed in the wall cavity and connected to boxes or fixtures. Quad-Lock recommends that tie wire or plastic zip ties be used to affix conduit to plastic Quad-Lock ties to avoid shifting during the pour. Double check to be sure that all runs are complete and secured before pouring concrete. Use spray foam to seal gaps left in foam that might leak concrete, and to secure boxes in place Installation of conduit in Quad-Deck can be accomplished by cutting a shallow channel into the surface of the Quad-Deck panels. Spray foam the conduit into place. It is permissible for conduit runs to pass through the T-beams, so long as it does not displace reinforcing steel.
After-Pour:
Wiring runs can be made after concrete is poured by removing foam insulation to form a chase way. Conduit, sheathed cable, or unsheathed cable (such as Type NM, if permitted) can be placed in the chase way and secured either to concrete or with spray foam insulation. CONSULT LOCAL CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR SET-BACK REQUIREMENTS. Regular Quad-Lock panels are 2" [57mm] thick, and can be cut back to concrete to easily provide a set-back of 1" [38mm] or more. Quad-Lock Plus Panels are 4" [108mm] thick, and can be cut open to easily accommodate conduit runs up to 3" [95mm] in diameter. Many national codes require a minimum 1" [38mm] setback from the surface of the foam. Confirm this requirement in your area with your local electrical inspector. When placing wire, conduit, or sheathed cable in the chase way, secure into place with daubs of spray foam at 3 ft. [1m] intervals, allowing the cable to be open for inspection. After inspection, chase ways can be filled with spray foam to preserve the insulation value of the wall. Spray foam must be rated for contact with polystyrene. Consult the Quad-Lock list of approved companion products contained in this manual.
Recessed Lighting:
If recessed lighting is used in a Quad-Deck floor or in a Quad-Lock wall, it is recommended that light cans are cut into the Quad-Deck or Quad-Lock. Low voltage fixtures should be used to minimize heat buildup inside the can.
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Figure 96: Installation of Electrical Boxes and Wiring
Fixtures
Electrical Fixtures:
Small fixtures can be mounted on finished walls using appropriately sized drywall anchors. Use Grappler fastening plates behind drywall for additional holding power. Larger fixtures should be fastened to expansion anchors set through the foam panels and into the concrete (see Cabinetry and other Heavy Items on Page 94).
PLUMBING
Plumbing pipes and fixtures may be installed in conjunction with Quad-Lock in several ways (similar to Electrical Installation / previous section):
Pre-Pour Method:
The supply and waste pipes may be installed, if permitted structurally, within the concrete cavity prior to placing concrete. Ensure all plumbing is protected from direct contact with the concrete. Pressure tests of all cast-in-place plumbing should be completed prior to placing concrete. If some minor displacement of concrete is permitted structurally, plumbing chases can also be created by using oversized plastic pipes cut lengthwise in half. Wire the pipe into place with the cut side along the inside of the wall cavity. On the outside of the panel, wrap the wire around a small piece of wood to keep the wire from cutting into the foam. Mark the location of the chase pipe on the outside of the wall with a felt pen for cutting after the concrete pour.
After-Pour Method:
Supply pipe may also be set in grooves or chases routed in the foam after placement of the concrete. Pipe locations must conform to the minimum setback requirements of applicable building code unless protective measures are utilized. Anchor plumbing directly to the concrete as required. After inspection, spray foam may be used to refill the grooves. Anchor plumbing fixtures directly to the concrete or to blocking attached to concrete.
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Service Access:
Penetrations through walls for service access should be provided prior to pouring concrete by inserting a sleeve in a hole cut in the Quad-Lock forms which is large enough to accommodate the supply or drain pipe necessary for service. Usually this sleeve is a piece of PVC, ABS, or other plastic pipe. Mark the desired location for the service entrance by using the sleeve for a template and draw the shape of the sleeve on the wall surface. Using a drywall saw, cut a hole to accommodate the sleeve on both sides of the wall, and insert sleeve material. Use spray foam to secure the sleeve into place for the concrete pour. MAKE SURE THAT YOUR SLEEVE MATERIAL IS COMPATIBLE WITH OTHER PIPING THAT IS TO PASS THROUGH THE SLEEVE. When piping is in place, use spray foam to fill the sleeve and secure piping Building Tip: Where laundry supply, larger vents, and other deep plumbing fixtures are required, substitute pieces of Quad-Lock PLUS Panels for Quad-Lock 2" [57mm] Regular Panels to create an extra deep (4" [107mm]) chase. Place PLUS Panel pieces flush to the rest of the wall surface, creating a short section of concrete where the concrete wall section is 2" [51mm] thinner than the rest of the wall. Then, the 4" [107mm] PLUS Panels can be cut away to permit installation of fixtures. This method should not create structural problems, as long as normal rebar placement is maintained, and the area of thinner cross section is limited. If there is a question, consult the project engineer for authorization.
Figure 97: Plumbing Installation (After-Pour Method)
GABLE FORMING
Quad-Lock can easily be incorporated into building above grade projects that require gabled roof ends. Stagger forms as usual, up to the highest point of the roofline. Next determine your roofs pitch and snap a chalk line on the side of the panels. Cut panels to form the gable. Ensure to take into account the thickness of the plate/board on the top of the wall. For low pitch roofs, a simple ladder brace (see detail) may be sufficient and concrete may be troweled to the pitch of the roof. For higher pitched roofs, a plywood cap with 2 x 4 rails may need to be secured to the top of the wall to contain the concrete. Cut holes at 4' [1.2m] on center to fill the wall with concrete. Pour slowly and avoid the use of mechanical vibration equipment in this case. Rod the concrete by hand or very carefully with a small mechanical pencil vibrator. Concrete should not exceed the recommended slump of 6" [15cm].
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BUILD OUT PAST DESIRED SLOPE CUT ENDS OF PANELS
LADDER BRACE WITH J-TRACK & CLEATS @ 3'0" [915mm] O.C.
Figure 98: Gable Forming
CABINETRY AND OTHER HEAVY ITEMS

Quad-Lock Ties can support most finish materials quite adequately. However, for heavier items it will be necessary to fasten directly to the concrete to incorporate more solid attachment surfaces. This can be achieved by replacing the foam with wood members fastened directly into the concrete. Heavier items like kitchen cabinets can then be fastened directly to the inserted wood members. Building Tip: A favorite way to install cabinets is to chalk line the cabinet locations on the EPS foam surface before the installation of drywall. Fasten " [13mm] plywood (or other thickness, depending on the drywall size) to the wall by using spray foam and screws inside the cabinet area. Butt drywall up to the plywood, and fasten normally by screwing to the plastic tie flanges. Screws are driven through the backs of the cabinets into the plywood mounted on the wall. Use an adequate number of screws to hold the anticipated load
2.25" [57mm] QUAD-LOCK PANEL THICKNESS
COUNTERSINK FOR ANCHOR HEAD ANCHOR BOLTS AS REQUIRED 2"x4" [38mm THICK] LUMBER 1"x4" [19mm THICK] LUMBER OR PLYWOOD
OPTION 1
SIMPSON ICFVL FLOOR HANGER BRACKET OR EQ. CAST INTO CONCRETE INSTALL TO MANUFACTURER'S RECOMMENDATION
OPTION 2
Figure 99: Attaching Heavy Items Page 94 Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
Attachment of Accessories to Wall:

Common drywall anchors can be used to hang accessory fixtures, much like cavity wall construction. The depth of the anchor must be limited to the depth of the EPS panel, however, or concrete will prevent full insertion into the wall. Examples of common anchors are as follows:
Toggler brand Snapskru
Alligator brand Solid Wall Anchor
Toggler brand TH Picture Hook Anchor
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3 B R AC I N G
Quad-Lock recommends the use of a pre-fabricated, re-useable metal alignment and scaffolding system. Metal Bracing systems are available up to 30 feet [9m] high. Most Quad-Lock dealers have these systems for rent or sale. If you do not have access to a Metal Bracing system you will need to construct bracing out of lumber. SAFETY NOTE: Most national and regional safety standards require fall protection or guardrails for work platforms over 6 ft. [1.8 m] in height. In addition, guardrails generally must be a minimum 39" [991mm] in height, and be able to withstand 200 lbs [91kg] of lateral pressure. Consult your regional government safety officials for current regulations, and be sure your bracing system is constructed with these regulations in mind. Modern ICF wall bracing systems offer guard rail attachments that are designed to be in compliance with national safety regulations.
INSTALLATION
When you have built as high as you can safely and comfortably reach, bracing can be attached to the wall. Brace only from one side of the wall, preferably the inside, and screw bracing to the ties. Start your bracing layout 3' [1m] from all 90 corners, angles, T-Walls etc. Fasten a vertical brace to all the ties using #10 wood screws. Ensure that the wall is pulled tightly against the vertical brace, but take care not to over-drive and strip the screws in the plastic. When installing lateral braces, have one crew member use a level to rough plumb the wall. Remember to adjust turnbuckles so they will have adequate travel for fine tuning the wall later. Place braces all the way around walls every 6-7 feet [1.8-2.1m]. Secure the common seams by screwing 1x4 strapping or plywood boards across the seam into the ties. Place a vertical brace at those seams. Place your scaffolding and railings, and double check that every component is complete and securely fastened. Remember these points about bracing a Quad-Lock wall: Braces need only be used on one side of the wall Vertical braces are there to plum, align, and straighten the wall, not hold concrete in the wall Braces are easier to push than to pull once the concrete is in the wall. Cheat the center of the wall in slightly, and push it into position immediately after concrete is poured. Do not over-span lumber used for platforms. Generally, 6 ft. [2m] is a maximum desired span for 2x lumber. Screw braces (metal or wood) into every tie flange on 12" [305mm] centers. Remove braces the day following the pour when concrete has had time to set.
If building a stem wall up to 4' [1.2m] high, vertical bracing is not required. Simply place a diagonal brace every 8' [2.4m] and secure it at the bottom and to the top track/ladder brace. Radius walls should have additional bracing, depending on the size of the radius. The smaller the radius, the more bracing should be used. In general, reduce spacing to 4 feet [1.2m] on center or less, if deep cuts have been made for tighter radii. Where another wall joins a radius wall, use a three part vertical brace with a wire loop joining all braces together through the wall on every other row of panels. At angles in the wall use a brace on both sides of the angle at a maximum of 1 foot [30cm] distance from the angle. At T-Walls, if youre not using the two Outside Corner Brackets method (see T-Walls on Page 44), place a brace at the backside of the T.
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PRODUCT MANUAL Adequately brace all Window and Door Bucks (see Window and Door Openings on Page 62).
Building Tip:
With Metal Bracing Systems, place screws at the top of the provided slots and do not over tighten. This will allow the wall to settle evenly when concrete is placed.
Figure 100: Metal Bracing System (Metal Track Ladder Brace at top of wall)
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Figure 101: Wood Wall Bracing
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Wood Bulkheads
Figure 102: Exterior Wood Bulkheads
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4 INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR FINISHES

FINISH DESCRIPTIONS
Finish Description in Accordance with National Building Code of Canada Requirement
Foamed plastics form part of a wall or ceiling assembly in combustible construction shall be protected from adjacent space in the building, other than adjacent concealed spaces within attic and roof spaces, crawl spaces, and wall assemblies, by one of the materials in the chart on the following pages. Therefore, the EPS foam insulation (Quad-Lock wall panel) can be protected by plastering, gypsum board finish (taped joints), plywood finish, hardboard finish, insulating fiberboard finish, particleboard, wafer board or strand board finish, or other materials having a fire rating of 15 minutes. The most prevalent foam plastic protection used is the installation of a gypsum board finish. The gypsum board may be mechanically fastened with drywall / gypsum screws only. Alternatively, to permanently adhere the gypsum board directly to the Quad-Lock Panel, apply an EPS compatible adhesive to the back of the gypsum board. The adhesive bead shall be approximately " [10mm] in diameter to provide a continuous bond between the gypsum board and the wall surface and applied so that one of the beads is adjacent to each edge of the gypsum board. For temporary support, until the adhesive has developed a bond, drywall screws can be randomly placed attaching the gypsum board to the plastic ties.
Finish Description in Accordance with I-Code (ICC) Requirements (USA)

Section 1713, Foam Plastic Insulation, (d) Thermal Barrier, requires The interior of the building shall be separated from the foam plastic insulation by an approved thermal barrier having an index of 15 when tested in accordance with U.B.C. Standard No.17-3 (No.26.3 in UBC 1994 Edition). The thermal barrier shall be installed in such a manner that it will remain in place for the time of its index classification based on approved diversified test. The Standard Room Fire Test was performed on a Quad-Lock wall faced on the room interior side with " [13mm] conventional gypsum wallboard fastened to finish anchors at the 7' [213cm] level and to Quad-Lock Ties at additional locations. The most prevalent foam plastic protection used is the installation of a gypsum board finish. The gypsum board may be mechanically fastened with drywall / gypsum screws only. Alternatively, to permanently adhere the gypsum board directly to the Quad-Lock Panel, apply an EPS compatible adhesive to the back of the gypsum board. The adhesive bead shall be approximately " [10mm] in diameter to provide a continuous bond between the gypsum board and the wall surface and applied so that one of the beads is adjacent to each edge of the gypsum board. For temporary support, until the adhesive has developed a bond, drywall screws can be randomly placed attaching the gypsum board to the plastic ties. The gypsum wallboard should be taped and filled to provide a continuous thermal and air barrier. With the application of a vapor retardant paint, the gypsum wallboard can serve as a vapor barrier.
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Chapter 4 Interior and Exterior Finishes
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PRODUCT MANUAL
DRYWALL / GYPSUM
The following details are minimum requirements for the attachment of drywall. An ICC/ICBO or CCMC recognized EPS compatible adhesive can be used in conjunction with drywall screws.
QUAD-LOCK J-TRACK
P.T. SILL PLATE
WOOD I-JOIST
DRYWALL
1 FASTEN TO QUAD-LOCK TIES WITH 12 " [38mm] SCREWS
Figure 103: Drywall Attachment
July 2009
Chapter 4 Interior & Exterior Finishes
Page 101
PRODUCT MANUAL
ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS

Quad-Lock endorses only the use of ICC/ICBO or CCMC approved adhesives. Read the labels on adhesives to ensure compatibility with EPS (foam compatible). If questions arise concerning compatibility, contact the adhesive manufacturer. Most distributors of Quad-Lock products sell adhesives that are chemically compatible and ICC/ICBO or CCMC approved.
PRODUCT LIQUID NAILS
MANUFACTURER Macco Adhesives Mississauga, ON L4T 4E5 905-731-9455 Macklanberg-Duncan 4041 N. Santa Fe Oklahoma, City, OK 73118 405-528-4411 Pratt & Lambert Specialty Products 75 Tonawanda St. Buffalo, NY 14207 800-876-7005 Private Label by ACE Hardware 800-347-4583 Marketed by Palmer G. Lewis Co. Auburn, WA Canadian Adhesives 420 Ave. Marien Montreal, PQ H1B 4V6 Wind-Lock 1055 Leisczs Bridge Rd Leesport, PA 19533 800-872-5625 Wind-Lock 1055 Leisczs Bridge Rd Leesport, PA 19533 800-872-5625 Wind-Lock 1055 Leisczs Bridge Rd Leesport, PA 19533 800-872-5625 Wind-Lock 1055 Leisczs Bridge Rd Leesport, PA 19533 800-872-5625 FOMO Products Inc. Norton, OH 800-321-5565
USE DRYWALL TO EPS MASTIC
TYPE
MD 200
DRYWALL TO EPS
MASTIC
MIRACLE DSA 40
DRYWALL TO EPS
MASTIC
ACE Light Duty Construction Adhesive EAGLE GRIP Foamboard Construction Adhesive PL 300
DRYWALL TO EPS
MASTIC
DRYWALL TO EPS
MASTIC
DRYWALL TO EPS
MASTIC
TOUCH N SEAL
EPS to EPS, DRYWALL TO EPS EPS to EPS, DRYWALL TO EPS EPS to EPS, DRYWALL TO EPS EPS to EPS, WINDOW & DOOR SEALER EPS to EPS, DRYWALL TO EPS
ALL SEASON SPRAY FOAM SPRAY FOAM
FOAM 2 FOAM
Dow ENERFOAM
SPRAY FOAM
Dow GREAT STUFF PRO
SPRAY FOAM
Handi-Stick
SPRAY FOAM
Note:
All adhesives used in conjunction with EPS must be Foam compatible. If compatibility is unknown, contact the adhesive manufacturer.
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PRODUCT MANUAL
ACRYLIC FINISHES AND EXTERIOR INSULATED FINISH SYSTEMS (EIFS)

The Quad-Lock building system is "stucco ready" for most exterior insulated finish systems (EIFS). The Quad-Lock Panel is the same material as foam board sheathing, and is installed in accordance with most EIFS manufacturers' specification. All finish and trim details should be approved by the Stucco/EIFS supplier or manufacturer. Consult the stucco manufacturer of choice or the Quad-Lock representative for the use of other products.
Figure 104: Stucco
Parging
PRODUCT FOAMCOAT MANUFACTURER Quick-Crete Co. 1790 Century Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30345 404-634-9100 Parex, Inc. 1870 Stone Mt / Lithonia Rd. Atlanta, GA 30074 770-482-7872 Thoro System Products 8570 Phillips Hwy #108 Jacksonville, FL 32256 800-327-1570 Western Stucco Products PO Box 968 - 6101 N. 53rd Glendale, AZ 95311 623-937-9141 CONSPEC 636 S. 66th Terrace Kansas City, KS 66111 877-266-7732 TYPE Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer Coating 1 day stucco 2 step polymer coating Fiberglass Reinforced Surface Bonding Mortar Acrylic based cement APPLICATION Hand, Hopper, or Air. User applied Spray, Trowel User applied Hand, Air User Applied Hand, Air User applied Trowel, Spray User applied
MONCOUCHE
THORO FIBER BASED COAT WESTERN ONE KOAT
RUB CRETE
Polymer Coating
July 2009
Page 103
PRODUCT MANUAL STO FAST SET DRY ADHESIVE / BASE WALLEASE BASE COAT STO Finish Systems Division PO Box 44609 Atlanta, GA 30336-5609 800-221-2397 | 404-346-3666 El Rey Stucco Company Inc. 3830 Singer Blvd NE, Suite 2020 Albuquerque, NM 87109 505-873-1180 | 505-338-3448 Imasco Minerals Inc. 19287 - 98A Avenue Surrey, BC V4N 4C8 604-888-3848 Acrylic Based Plaster Trowel User applied Trowel
Cement Based Plaster
GreatWall
Cementitious, fibre reinforced base coat
Hand or Machine User Applied
Acrylic Stucco
PRODUCT CoreFactor MANUFACTURER E.I.F.S.* TYPE APPLICATION Hand or Machine - 3 year warranty or with an approved applicator 5 yr warranty Hand or Air Proprietary Approved Applicators Hand or Air Trowel, Roll Hand or Air User Applied Hand or Air
Imasco Minerals Inc. 19287 - 98A Avenue Surrey, BC V4N 4C8 604-888-3848 Dryvit Dryvit Systems Inc. PO Box 1014 West Warnick, RI 02893 800-556-7752 Stucco-O-Flex Perma-Chink Systems Inc. series #200 17635 N.E. 67th Ct. Redmond, WA 98052 800-548-1231 | 425-885-6050 Preswitt Preswitt Mfg. Ltd. 5721 Production Way Langley, BC 604-533-3368 STO STO Industries Inc. PO Box 44609 Atlanta, GA 30336-5609 404-346-3666 Senergy Senergy Systems Inc. 10245 Centurion Parkway N Jacksonville, FL 32256 800-221-9255 Uni-Tex 100/200 United Paint & Coatings E. 19011 Cataldo Greenacres, WA 99016 800-541-4383 | 509-926-7143 System 3 Parex, Inc. 1870 Stone Mt. Lithonia Rd. Atlanta, GA 30074 770-482-7872 Energex E.I.F.S. Inc. 65 Davids Dr. Hauppauge, NY 11788 800-777-6596 | 631-231-1300 PermaFlex El Rey Stucco Company Inc. 3830 Singer Blvd NE, Suite 2020 Albuquerque, NM 87109 505-873-1180 | 505-338-3448 *E.I.F.S. = Exterior Insulated Finish System
E.I.F.S.*
E.I.F.S.*
E.I.F.S.*
E.I.F.S.*
E.I.F.S.*
Hand or Air User Applied Local Training Available Hand or Air User Applied Local Training Available Parex Trained Applicators Local Training Available Hand or Air Certified Applicators + Training Available Approved Applicator
E.I.F.S.*
E.I.F.S.* full synthetic or cementitious E.I.F.S.*
E.I.F.S.*
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July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
SIDING
Various types of sidings can be attached to the Quad-Lock System. The Quad-Lock FS Panel provides built in Fastening Strips, for a continuous vertical point of attachment every 12" [30cm] on center. Consult the siding manufacturers specifications for fastener spacing, and wind load requirements. Always be sure to use an exterior rated screw fastener that complies with the siding manufacturers information. Nailing into Quad-Lock FS strips is not an acceptable alternative, as the nails do not generate enough holding power in the FS strips. Alternatively, vertical or horizontal 1x4 furring material can be screwed to QuadLock Ties every 12" [305mm] or 24" [610mm]. Siding material can then be attached to these external furring strips.
QUAD-LOCK FS PANEL QUAD-LOCK FASTENING STRIP
QUAD-LOCK TIE SIDING FINISH AS SPECIFIED 1" [25mm] SIDING LAP
SIDING FINISH SCREWS EXTERIOR RATED 6" [150mm] O.C. VER. & 12" [305mm] O.C. HOR.
OPTION 1
QUADLOCK REGULAR PANEL 1x2 [20mmx40mm] VERTICAL FURRING STRIP @ 12" [305mm] O.C. QUAD-LOCK TIE SIDING FINISH AS SPECIFIED SIDING FINISH SCREWS EXTERIOR RATED 6" [150mm] O.C. VER. & 12" [305mm] O.C. HOR.
1" SIDING LAP FASTEN FURRING STRIP TO QUAD-LOCK TIES @ 12" [305mm] O.C. VERT & HOR. W/ EXTERIOR RATED SCREWS
OPTION 2
Figure 105: Siding Attachment with external furring strips
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL
BRICK AND STONE

Metal ties may be inserted through the vertical and/or horizontal joints of the Quad-Lock Panels for proper anchoring of stone or brick veneer into the concrete wall. The following details illustrate several options for the construction of ledges for brick and stone.
Figure 106: Stone and Brick Veneer
Covering a Wall in Zero Clearance Condition:

Fiber-Cement siding is applied to Quad-Lock wall as the forms are installed, then poured in place to remain as protection of building exterior.
Figure 107: Fiber Cement Siding Applied to Zero-Clearance Walls Page 106 Chapter 4 Interior and Exterior Finishes July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
Brick Ledge
Brick Ledges can be built using 12" [305mm] walls below, as series of wall width transitions, temporary plywood formwork, or the Fero Angle Support Technology. Option 1: Multiple Transitions
6" [150mm] TIE BRICK AS SPECIFIED

5.75" [146mm] 3.75" [95mm]
METAL J-TRACK BRICK LEDGE TIE

11.75" [298mm]
REGULAR PANEL 12" [300mm] TIE
9.75" [248mm]
PLUS PANEL
10" [250mm] TIE
7.75" [197mm]
8" [200mm] TIE
Figure 108: Brick Ledge 100% Bearing with Stepped out Plus Panels
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL Option 2: Fero-Angle Support
6" [150mm] TIE

5.75" [146mm]
BRICK AS SPECIFIED
FERRO ANGLE SUPPORT SYSTEM
PLUS PANEL
7.75" [197mm]
REGULAR PANEL
8" [200mm] TIE
Figure 109: Brick Ledge with Steel Angle Support Option 3: Temporary Plywood Form
6" [150mm] TIE
5.75" [146mm]
BRICK AS SPECIFIED
5.62" [143mm]
BRICK LEDGE TIE

13.62" [346mm]
TEMP. PLYWOOD FORM FASTEN FORM TO PLASTIC TIES
11.75" [298mm]
REGULAR PANEL 12" [300mm] TIE
Figure 110: Brick Ledge 100% Bearing with Temporary Plywood Form Page 108 Chapter 4 Interior and Exterior Finishes July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
Option 4: 10" to 6" [25cm-15cm] One-step Transition
QUAD-LOCK TIE (VARIES)
1.75" [44mm]
METAL J-TRACK
WIRE TOP TIE (VARIES IN LEGTH)
REGULAR PANEL
Figure 111: Brick Ledge 100% Bearing with Quad-Lock Brick Ledge Tie
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL
BRICK TIE INTERNAL FINISH AS SPECIFIED BRICK INSULATION
SHEATHING
RIM BOARD FLOOR JOIST SUBFLOOR SILL PLATE FLASHING AS REQUIRED REINF. CONCRETE CORE CEILING FINISH PARGING MIN. PER CODE P.T. SILL PLATE W/ ANCHOR BOLT AT REQUIRED SPACING INTERNAL FINISH AS SPECIFIED HORIZONTAL REINFORCEMENT PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING
WATERPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFED

SLOPE
Figure 112: Brick Ledge on Top of Wall (Framed Wall above)
Temporary Plywood Forms

Temporary plywood forms can be used to form a brick ledge by screwing the plywood to the Quad-Lock Ties as shown below. Stack one additional Quad-Lock Panel on the walls other side. Brace that panel with vertical braces and adequately brace the plywood forms to contain the concrete during the first concrete pour. The first pour stops at the level of the top of the plywood form. After sufficient curing, Metal Track is secured to the resulting concrete step. The Quad-Lock Panels need to be ripped horizontally and set into the track to match the height of the opposing panel.
Fero Angle Support Technology

The Fero Angle Support Technology (FAST by Fero Corporation) can be used to support masonry veneer of all types. It can also be used to support granite panels and precast concrete. The system is ideal to accommodate construction tolerances because it can provide for adjustability in all directions and it is available in a wide range of sizes.
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PRODUCT MANUAL
Figure 113: Assembly of Brick Ledge with FAST
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL FAST Components
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July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL Table 1: FAST Design Information
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PRODUCT MANUAL
5 W AT E R / DA M P - P R O O F I N G
When the Quad-Lock Building System is used for below grade occupied areas or connected to these areas in soils prone to water saturation and the presence of hydrostatic pressure, the application of exterior waterproofing is necessary. In addition, always ensure that below grade Quad-Lock walls are not subject to excessive hydrostatic pressure by following usual and customary building practices, including but not limited to: Proper collection and diversion of rainwater from roofs and surrounding areas. Proper construction of footing drains, with rated piping, drainage materials and filter fabric. Proper grading of soils away from the building. Use of rated free draining backfill material with known flow rates. Proper compaction methods during backfill to prevent settling after the fact.
Membrane-type waterproofing products are available as self-adhesive peel and stick type (recommended), roll-on, or spray-on type. Spray-on or roll-on membranes may not adequately bridge joints and other gaps in the foam, unless rated to do so. Quad-Lock recommends the use of self-adhesive membranes in almost every instance where hydrostatic pressure is ever likely to occur. In addition, Quad-Lock recommends a drainage/protection board layer to adequately drain the soil, and to protect the membrane from backfill materials. For soil conditions that are never prone to saturation by water and the resulting hydrostatic pressure, damp-proofing measures may be adequate. Quad-Lock recommends the use of a drainage/protection board layer to isolate the wall from any potential ground water or run off. A spray-on or roll-on water based emulsion can be used in this case, but must be compatible with EPS foam and adequately bridge joints and other gaps in the foam. No petroleum based compounds can be used. Consult the manufacturer of the damp-proofing agent to determine its compatibility with EPS and ICFs. Below is a list of readily available water- and damp-proofing products. Check for compatibility of the product and warranty availability with the manufacturer of that product prior to applying it to the Quad-Lock Panels. Quad-Lock Building Systems does not extend any warranties on the waterproofing abilities of the Quad-Lock system.
Water/Damp-Proofing Recommended Products

PRODUCT NAME Blueskin WP-200 Colphene ICF Jiffy Seal 140/160 Bituthene 4000 Bituthene 3000 Melrol Melgard Delta-MS Clear System Platon MANUFACTURER BAKOR 604-533-2608 th 19914 68 Avenue Langley, BC Soprema Inc. 604-522-3944 450 Derwent Place New Westminster, BC V3M 5Y9 Protecto Wrap Co. 800-759-9727 or 2255 S Delware 383-777-3001 Denver, CO 80223 W.R. Grace & Co. 617-876-1400 62 Whitmore Ave. Cambridge, MA 02140 W.R. Meadows Co. 708-683-4500 PO Box 543 Legion, IL 60121 Cosella-Drken Products, Inc. 888-444-5824 4655 Delta Way Beamsville, ON L0R 1B4 Big O Inc. 800-265-7622 Exeter, ON TYPE Waterproofing Membrane Waterproofing Membrane Waterproofing Membrane Waterproofing Membrane Waterproofing Membrane Drainage Board Damp-proofing Membrane APPLICATION Self-Adhesive Self-Adhesive Self-Adhesive Self-Adhesive Self-Adhesive Mechanically Fastened Mechanically Fastened
July 2009
Chapter 5 Water/Damp-Proofing
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PRODUCT MANUAL
Application Instructions for Peel & Stick Membrane

All surfaces must be smooth, dry and free of dust, water or any other substance which may hinder adhesion. Concrete (footing) must be cured a minimum of seven (7) days and an adhesion test is recommended before membrane application. Ensure the footing is clean and dry. 3. For membrane applications at temperatures below -5C (23F) contact your local peel & stick representative. 4. Its not necessary to prime Quad-Lock as long as it is clean and dust free. A water-based primer may be used. See manufacturers recommendations. 5. All penetrations (pipes, etc.) through the waterproofing membrane, should be pre-treated with an application of liquid membrane/sealant. 6. All inside corners (vertical and horizontal, e.g. along footing) must be pre-stripped with a 6" [152mm] width of membrane centered on the corner. This membrane must be installed in direct contact with the substrate not leaving any voids under the membrane strip. 7. All outside corners must be pre-treated with a 6" [15cm] width strip of membrane centered on the corner. 8. For vertical applications, align the first strip of membrane to one of the grooves in the Quad-Lock Panel. At the top edge of the strip remove approximately 6" [15cm] of the silicone release paper and adhere the membrane to the surface. Affix the remaining portion of the strip by removing the silicone release paper. During application, pass hand over the surface to remove any trapped air and wrinkles. Apply pressure with a hand roller over the membrane to ensure good initial adhesion. 9. Subsequent rolls must be installed in the same way and should be aligned with the preceding roll with a lap of at least 2" [65mm]. End laps must overlap at least 6" [152mm]. Avoid wrinkles in the membrane at the overlaps (roll the seams with laminate or J-roller). 10. Seal all leading edges (e.g. at top and bottom) and all horizontal overlaps with sealant. 11. Protect the membrane to avoid damage from other trades, construction materials, and backfilling. Use a rated drainage board layer. Consult your Quad-Lock dealer for ideas. 1. 2.
Building Tip:
Pre-cut peel-and-stick membrane into desired lengths and attach it vertically. Reach around either side of the membrane and remove the backing as you install. Avoid removing all of the backing prior to installation. Always overlap the joints and follow the manufacturers recommendations on the use of a protection board before backfilling.
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Fastening Dimpled Drainage Board (Typical)

CUT DELTA MS TO TERMINATE @ QUAD-LOCK TIES DELTA MS MOLD STRIP FASTENED TO QUAD-LOCK TIES @ 4" & 8" O.C.
4" 8" 8"
4" 8"
4"
DELTA MS FASTENER @ 24" O.C. HOR.
DELTA MS FASTENER @ 24" O.C. STAGGERED FROM ROW ABOVE

12"
QUAD-LOCK TIE SPACING AS PER DIMENSIONS SHOWN
12"
DELTA MS FASTENER @ 12" O.C. VER. AT TERMINATION ONLY
SEAL JOINT WITH WATER BASED SEALANT
PEEL & STICK MEMBRANE EXTEND OVER FOOTING PAD
CONCRETE FOOTING
Figure 114: Fastening Pattern for Drainage Board
July 2009
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PRODUCT MANUAL
6 CO NC R E T E A N D RE BAR
Primer:
The reinforced concrete placed into Quad-Lock walls gives the walls their structural strength. It consists of concrete and steel reinforcing bars, called rebar. Concrete is a mix of Portland cement, water and aggregates (sand & stones of different sizes) and provides the walls compressive strength. Concrete specifications at least include slump (measure of how easily the concrete flows), compressive strength (strength of concrete after full curing/hardening), and aggregate size (size of the largest stones). Rebar provides the walls tensile strength and specifications include bar width (called number) and steel strength.
Note: Building codes in the USA and Canada have prescriptive design specifications which may be used without the need for site specific engineering. See Appendix C for specific code references.
CONCRETE
Concrete shall be designed, mixed, placed, cured and tested in accordance with applicable codes, e.g. CAN3-A438, Concrete Construction for Housing and Small Buildings (Canada), or ACI 318 Building Code Requirement for Reinforced Concrete (US). The concrete shall be designed to be durable enough to withstand the expected exposure conditions. In particular, concrete for Quad-Lock walls shall conform to the following: Slump: The maximum slump of concrete for foundation walls shall be a maximum 6" [152mm], measured in accordance with CSA Standard CAN3 - A23.2, Slump of Concrete / ASTM Standard C143 [11], Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Cement Concrete. Admixtures: To achieve a greater slump, it is recommended to add a super-plasticizing admixture conforming to ASTM Standard C494. Compressive Strength: The minimum strength of reinforced concrete shall be 20 Mpa (Canada) or 2500 psi (USA) and in accordance with requirements CSA Standard A23.1 / ASTM Standard C-94[13] Aggregate: The maximum size of coarse aggregate shall be o " [20mm] in walls 8" [203mm] and thicker (nominal concrete width) and o " [10mm] in walls 6" [152mm] and thinner. Placement: Place concrete in continuous lifts, where the first lift should be approximately 2' to 3' [60-90 cm] in height. Continue with 2-4' [60-120cm] lifts. The wall should be filled with concrete in such a manner as to prevent cold joints.
Maximum Rate of Pour Depending on Temperature

Ambient Temperature Maximum Height of Single Pour (Feet [m]) Maximum Rate of Pour per Hour (Feet / Hour [cm/hour]) Waiting Time from Layer to Layer (Minutes) in C in F 0C 32F 3 [1] 2 [60] 90 4.5C 40F 3 [1] 3 [100] 60 10C 50F 3 [1] 4 [120] 45 15.5C 60F 3 [1] 5 [150] 36 21C 70F 3 [1] 6 [180] 30
This table is based on Hand Spading of Concrete; if mechanical vibration is used, decrease Rate of Pour! Warning: Most Concrete Form Failures are due to Excessive Rate of Pour or Excessive Vibrating!
Pre-Pour Check List

Before placing concrete you should use the pre-pour checklist found on the outside of the tie box. Track securely fastened to footing Quad-Lock Ties placed every 12" [305mm], both vertically and horizontally.
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Chapter 6 Concrete & Rebar
July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL Metal Corner Brackets and tie flanges in place. Vertical Braces spaced every 6-8' [1.8-2.4m] along the walls depending on the height. Angled walls where the Metal Brackets were not installed should be braced and secured with 2x4 and tie wire. (See Bracing on Page 96 for further details) Window and door openings checked for square, braced horizontally and vertically, slots in sills for access and 1x4 or Win-Locks fastened securely around the perimeter. Wire Top Ties at each end of top units and at 24" [60cm]. Metal Track secured on top of Wire Top Ties and wall. Walls plumb, straight, square and level (PSS&L) Extra bracing materials on site and handy. Important Note on Concrete Slump: Controlling concrete slump is critical, and excessively high slump will cause problems with ICFs, especially in cold weather. Order concrete at a 3" [76mm] maximum slump. When the concrete truck arrives, climb up and look down into the drum while it is turning at idle speed (NOT mixing speed). If the concrete breaks over the fins in chunks or exhibits cracking as it spills over the fins, it is too dry. Add plasticizer (not water) SPARINGLY and have the driver go to mixing speed for 30 to 40 revolutions. Now check again, repeating the process if necessary. At the point where the concrete just begins to flow over the fins without cracking, it is ready to pour your ICF job. Depending on the plasticizing agent, you now have about 45 minutes to offload the concrete; PLENTY of time (if you have installed the forms right)
Building Tip:
Concrete Placement Suggestions:

Concrete may be placed by any conventional method in accordance with national standards and local building codes. If using a boom type concrete pump, follow these tips: Use a 3" [76mm] or smaller diameter hose to control the flow of the concrete as it comes out of the pumping equipment. (See reducing hose specification to follow) Take your time and pour conservatively. A 20 to 30 minute offload of a full load (13 cu. yards [10 cu. meters]) of concrete is normal. Pouring in an aggressive manner will cause problems. Avoid excessive drop of concrete into the wall.Concrete shall be placed as nearly as practical, in its final position, to avoid segregation due to rehandling or fllowing. Avoid use of S bend at the end of hose as they are dangerous to handle.
Start in a corner and work around the perimeter. Under normal circumstances, place 2' to 3' [60-100cm] of concrete in the first lift. Place concrete under the windows from the sills. The second and consecutive lifts should be 3' to 4' [11.2m] high. If youre continuing up with panels and ties later, make sure to cover the tops of the panels. If not using Metal Track on the top of the wall, nail two 1 x 4s at a 90 angle, and move them along as you pour. Pour only to the middle of the top row of panels. If youre not continuing up, trowel the top and set the J bolts. After pouring the concrete, check the alignment of the wall.
Consolidation / Vibration
You MUST ensure concrete is properly consolidated. A pencil vibrator or rodding with a length of rebar is recommended. Due to the required 6" [15cm] slump, heavy vibrating of the wall is not necessary. Use these tips: Use a small diameter mechanical vibrator (" 1" [19mm 32mm]). DO NOT OVER VIBRATE! In most cases, vibrating the steel in the wall can adequately consolidate the concrete around it, especially if a 5" [125mm] to 6" [152mm] slump is maintained Tapping the outside of the wall is not adequate to ensure proper concrete consolidation. Do not use the vibrator to move concrete laterally in the wall. This can result in segregation of the concrete components and negatively impact the compressive strength of the concrete. Concrete build up on the ties and rebar can be removed using the vibrator or by shaking the vertical rebar. External variations of mechanical vibration (hammer, orbital sander, and reciprocating saw) provide limited consolidation and are not recommended.
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Figure 115: Internal Concrete Vibrator Standard concrete with a maximum slump of 6" [152mm] can be used to make Quad-Lock walls free of voids, especially if internal vibration is used. Slump loss is expected over time, especially in hot weather. Water added to the mix will decrease the strength and this should not be done. Re-dosing the mix (once) with plasticizer or water reducer is permissible.
Building Tip:
A good indication that the concrete is properly consolidated is when water from the concrete mix seeps out from the bottom of the vertical joints.
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Curing
Concrete will attain its initial compressive strength in Quad-Lock walls in the same fashion as older conventional forming systems. What is different about the cure obtained in Quad-Lock forms is that water does not evaporate as quickly as with other forming systems; thus, the higher amount of moisture available to complete the hydration process will ultimately result in 50% to 70% higher compressive strengths, after a period of time. In terms of bracing removal, 48 to 72 hours is adequate time for the concrete to achieve safe compressive strength levels. For back filling, the ready-mixed concrete producers guidelines should be followed to obtain about an 80% cure prior to commencement of back-filling. Intermediate floor diaphragms should be installed before back-filling as well.
Stronger Concrete Walls
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH lb / in
6000 5000 4000

in air after 3 days
moist cured continuously
QUADLOCK
CONVENTIONAL FORMWORK
3000 2000 1000

0 7 28 90 AGE IN DAYS 180
14
Figure 116: Compressive Strength of Continuously Moist Cured Concrete
Fly Ash and Blast Slag:

Substitution of fly ash or blast slag in the concrete mix used in Quad-Lock walls is perfectly acceptable, even in relatively high percentages, and Quad-Lock encourages this practice. This is especially true in instances where the building owners have to use recycled materials or post-industrial waste as an objective in their building design. The addition of fly ash or blast slag will affect slump, cure time, and initial compressive strength. Be sure to take this into account when using these materials as a substitute for cement. Introduction of pozzolans to the concrete mix generally makes the mix more flowable, which is advantageous in ICF construction. This may, however, affect the dosage of plasticizers or other agents used to improve flow characteristics. Care must be taken not to exceed the recommended 6" [152mm] slump at the time of pour. When using fly ash or blast slag in suspended floor applications with Quad-Deck, it is critical that the engineer of record is aware of the addition of these materials, as rates of cure may be affected.
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Cold Weather Concreting

Quad-Lock walls can be poured in freezing weather under certain conditions. Concrete requires a certain minimum temperature to begin the chemical reaction required to begin the curing process. Mix designs with higher cement content can be placed at lower ambient air temperatures. Consult the table below for minimum temperature conditions. Concrete must arrive at the site sufficiently warm to be placed at or above this minimum. It is advisable to include air entrainment in the mix design, if concrete is expected to be exposed to freezing temperatures. Under these conditions, the insulating qualities of the Quad-Lock Panels should sufficiently insulate the concrete long enough for the curing process to complete. Cover the tops of the walls with insulation immediately after the pour to protect from freezing. Exposed steel anchor bolts needed to be insulated to prevent freezing damage to the concrete. Cold temperatures will retard early strength gains of concrete and extend curing times. Consult your ready mix supplier or local cement association representative for more details on cold weather concreting. Minimum exposure temperatures for Quad-Lock Walls for concrete placed and surface temperature maintained at 50F (10C) for 3 days. Minimum ambient air temperature, allowable for Quad-Lock ICF made of 2" [57mm] EPS Thickness of Quad-Lock Wall nominal actual inches [cm] inches [cm] 6" [15] 5" [14] 8" [20] 7" [19] 10" [25] 9" [24] 1999-09-14 Cement Content Cement Content Cement Content Cement Content 300 lb/yd 400 lb/yd 500 lb/yd 600 lb/yd 178 kg/m 237 kg/m 296 kg/m 356 kg/m F C F C F C F C 33 1 27 -3 21 -6 16 -9 26 -3 18 -8 10 -12 3 -16 19 -7 9 -13 -1 -18 -11 -24 Compiled by Hubert Kustermann*, Quad-Lock Building Systems Ltd.
Minimum exposure temperatures for Quad-Lock Walls for Quad-Lock Plus Panels on both sides of wall for concrete placed and surface temperature maintained at 50F (10C) for 3 days. Minimum ambient air temperature, allowable for Quad-Lock ICF made of 4" [108mm] EPS panels on each side of wall Thickness of Cement Content Cement Content Cement Content Cement Content Quad-Lock Wall 300 lb/yd 400 lb/yd 500 lb/yd 600 lb/yd nominal actual 178 kg/m 237 kg/m 296 kg/m 356 kg/m inches [cm] inches [cm] F C F C F C F C 6" [15] 5" [14] 13 -11 2 -17 -11 -24 -22 -30 8" [20] 7" [19] -1 -18 -15 -26 -32 -36 -49 -45 10" [25] 9" [24] -15 -26 -32 -36 -52 -47 -75 -59 1999-12-04 Compiled by Hubert Kustermann*, Quad-Lock Building Systems Ltd. *Diploma of Engineering- Technical University of Munich These tables are derived by an interpolation of the values shown in Table 7.3.2 of the "Practitioners Guide to Cold Weather Concreting" in "Manual of Concrete Practice"
Background Information:
Depending on the amount of cement content, the chemical process of hydration (hardening) of the cement is producing heat. That energy cannot escape due to the insulating properties of the Quad-Lock forms and insulation on the top of walls. The heat will keep the concrete at temperatures that not only prevent it from freezing, but also ensure proper curing of the freshly poured concrete, as long as the actual ambient temperatures will be above the minimum temperatures shown in the table above. Example: You want to pour an 8" [20cm] R-22 Quad-Lock wall using concrete with a cement content of 500 lb/yd. The weather forecast is predicting low temperatures of 5F [-15C] over the next days. Can you pour? Look up the table under "Cement Contents 500 lb/yd" and across 8" [20cm] and find 10F [12C] as the minimum allowable ambient temperature.
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PRODUCT MANUAL Answer: You cannot pour! However, if you were using concrete with a cement content of 600 lb/yd, the pour will become possible, since the minimum allowable temperature will be lower than the temperature forecasted (3F [-16C] versus 5F [-15C]).
General Cold Weather Concreting Guidelines:

Use air-entrained concrete when exposure to moisture and freezing and thawing conditions are expected. Keep surfaces in contact with concrete free of ice and snow and at a temperature above freezing prior to placement. Place and maintain concrete at the recommended temperature. Place concrete at the lowest practical slump. Limit rapid temperature changes when protective measures are removed. Contact your Ready Mix Producer to discuss heating water and aggregates, or adding an accelerating admixture, increasing cement content or using Type III Cement.
Hot Weather Concreting:

Hot weather conditions can present challenges when pouring any ICF. Hot Weather may include any or all of the following: High ambient temperatures Low relative humidity Wind velocity Solar radiation
Note: The following suggestions when building in sustained hot weather conditions: Form Deflection - Expanded Polystyrene is a thermoplastic and will become more flexible as temperatures increase. It is advisable to pour in the coolest conditions available (early in the morning) and/or to spray forms down with a water mist that will evaporate and carry away some heat from the forms. Concrete pressure may cause undesired deflection in forms that are too warm. Hot Reinforcing Bar - If reinforcing bar is allowed to heat up inside the forms, the stored heat will tend to accelerate the curing of concrete residue that may build up on the bar during the pour. In successive lifts, this residue may become an obstruction in the wall, and increase the risk of voids. Again, an early-morning pour is suggested to minimize the temperature of both forms and rebar. Vibration of the bar between lifts is also recommended. This is another reason to employ the side-pour method recommended for tall walls. Many builders cut holes in the side of the forms to accommodate filling by the pump through the holes, thus by-passing the upper layers of reinforcing bar. Foam cut-outs are then attached to plywood and placed back into the wall, screwing the plywood onto the tie flanges. Hot Concrete - Concrete that is already beginning to set at the time of delivery is referred to as a hot load. Since the concrete curing process is chemical reaction activated (and accelerated) by heat, it is best not to allow the mix to gain temperature during transport. This is problematic at more remote sites that are a long distance from the concrete plant, or routes that may encounter heavy urban traffic. There may be an hour or more of transport time, during which the concrete will begin its curing process. Add another 30 minutes or more for off-loading, and the concrete may be already setting during the pour, which will cause many problems. It may be advisable to keep additional packets of plasticizer or set-retarder on site for emergencies, especially in the hottest conditions. Some concrete producers are able to add chilled water or ice to the mix to lower initial mix temperatures. A solution to this problem is site-mixed concrete, wherein all the dry components are delivered in separate bins on a specialized mix truck and combined with water on site. The mixed concrete is literally seconds old when it is placed in the pump truck, and the concrete has a much longer life in its plastic (liquid) state, before curing begins. Call your local concrete producers to find this type of equipment, usually companies that specialize in small yard-at-a-time deliveries. See ACI 305 Hot Weather Concreting for more detailed information on hot weather concreting.
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General Hot Weather Concreting Guidelines

Pour early in the morning to take advantage of cooler ambient temperatures. Spray a water mist over forms to help dissapate stored heat. Avoid build-up of concrete on hot rebar by vibrating rebar between lifts, or bypassing upper rebar by pouring from side of wall. Site-mix concrete that must be transported long distances (or in heavy traffic). Keep plasticizer or set-retarder on site for emergencies. Order chilled water or ice added to the mix at the batch plant, if available. Use placement techniques and slump that will allow the fastest practical placement of concrete.
REINFORCING STEEL (REBAR)

The Quad-Lock system has been designed to accommodate horizontal reinforcing steel placement in the molded rebar chairs on the Quad-Lock Ties. The system is ideally suited for even 12" [30cm] increments on the horizontal plane. Vertical reinforcing steel of almost any spacing can be accommodated in the Quad-Lock System. The design and placement of reinforcing steel in the Quad-Lock System should be in accordance with acceptable reinforced concrete standards and/or needs to be designed by a professional structural engineer. Some reinforcing steel design guidelines can be found in Appendix A and prescriptive reinforcing designs can be found in the IRC (USA), the NBC (Canada) and other national building codes. If permitted by the local authorities and engineer of record, a quick and easy method of setting vertical reinforcing steel is to drop it down within the Quad-Lock Ties and between the staggered horizontal rebar as shown below. If permitted, 1" 1" [32mm-38mm] diameter plastic pipe may be used to secure vertical rebar to rebar dowels in the footing.
Figure 117: Typical Lap Patterns at Corners & T-Walls
Building Tips: If the specified spacing for horizontal bar is not a 12" [305mm] increment, contact the project engineer and request a change. From the building plans, pre-plan the layout of the horizontal and vertical steel. Pre-cut pieces off-site and have them delivered. This includes horizontal steel, vertical steel and 90 bends. To secure vertical rebar (and if permitted by building officials), cut short (4" [102mm]) pieces of plastic pipe 1" to 1" [32 to 38mm] in diameter and drop them over the rebar stubs that are sticking up out of the footing. Do not place the vertical steel at this point. Build the Quad-Lock wall, placing horizontal steel only as you build. When the wall is at the desired height, slip pre-cut vertical rebar into the plastic pipe next to the stub steel, and secure at the top of the wall.
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PRODUCT MANUAL Do not secure the steel to the plastic ties with tie wire or zip ties. Leave it loose so you can adjust the wall prior to concrete placement. Steel can be tied to other steel members, but do not attach it to the wall components (except for laying it on the rebar chairs on the Quad-Lock Ties). Consult your local Building Official, Engineer and/or Quad-Lock Representative for accepted methods.
REINF. CONCRETE CORE
QUAD-LOCK TIE
VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT AT REQUIRED SPACING QUAD-LOCK PANEL
Figure 118: Rebar Placement
COMPLIMENTARY PRODUCTS:
Quad-Lock has identified a number of products and services that developers, builders, and homeowners have used successfully in completion of their ICF projects. They may be products that relate to other phases of construction not directly involving Quad-Lock products, or services that may simply add value to the project after completion. These products and services include, but are not limited to, the following listed items:
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Product/Service Name Icynene Insulation System
Manufacturer/Vendor ICYNENE 6747 Camppobello Rd Mississauga, ON L5N 2L7 Canada 800-758-7325 or 905-363-4040 inquiry@icynene.com www.icynene.com Energy Wise Structures PO Box 2076 Mansfield, TX 76063 817-477-1387 817-473-2349 Fax Wind-Lock 1055 Leisczs Bridge Rd. Leesport, PA 19533 800-872-5625 800-854-6614 Fax wlsupport@wind-lock.com www.wind-lock.com Various providers in USA, Canada, and Intl (Contact Q/L Tech. Dept.) 888-711-5625 ReechCraft, Inc PO Box 2426 Fargo, ND 58108 888-600-6160 | 701-232-6666 Fax info@reechcraft.com www.reechcraft.com TAPCO/Mono-Brace 10721 So. Water St. Ext. Meadville, PA 16335 814-336-6549 | 814-336-2804 Fax www.mono-brace.com ThyssenKrupp Safway Scaffold (USA and Canada) www.safway.com 800-558-4772 Kryton International, Inc 1645 E. Kent Ave Vancouver, BC V5P 2S8 800-267-8280 or 604-324-8280 Xypex Chemical Corp. 13731 Mayfield Place Richmond, BC V6V 2G9 800-961-4477 or 604-273-5265 info@xypex.com www.xypex.com Sto Worldwide #800 Camp Creek Parkway Building 1400, Suite 120 Atlanta, GA 30331 800-221-2397 | 404-346-3119 Fax marketingsupport@stocorp.com www.stocorp.com
Type Soft foam insulation and air barrier for moisture and thermal management in wall, floor, and roof systems
Application Spray formula or Pourfill for existing construction
Energy Consumption Analysis and Projection ICF Accessories and Tools
Plan analysis and consulting for optimum energy efficiency design. Annual energy consumption guarantee Construction accessories and specialty tools for ICF construction and EIFS installation
Design consulting and written guarantee (USA only) Retail and wholesale supply via distribution, phone, and internet
Engineering Services
Site specific engineering and consulting services Panel Jack wall bracing system for ICF and conventional concrete forms
Site specific engineering and consulting services Retail and wholesale supply via distribution, phone, and internet
Panel Jack Wall Bracing
Mono-Brace Tall Wall Bracing System
Mono-Brace wall bracing system for ICF and conventional concrete forms Complete line of shoring and scaffold accessories for all types of construction; sale and rental Krystol internal membrane; crystalline self-sealing concrete waterproofer Xypex C-1000 crystalline self-sealing concrete waterproofer
Retail and wholesale supply via distribution, phone, and internet Retail sales; Rentals
Shoring and Scaffolding
KIM 300 Waterproofing Concrete Admixture Xypex Waterproofing Concrete Admixture
Powder form concrete admixture added onsite Powder form concrete admixture added onsite
STO Power Rasp
Variable speed electric rasp for ICF and EIFS installations. Separate vacuum backpack available to control bead and dust
Retail supply via distribution, phone, and internet
Quad-Lock Building Systems, Ltd. does not warrant any product or service offered by other manufacturers or vendors. The above information is supplied on a best-efforts basis, and is for the convenience of the buyer only. Page 128 Chapter 6 Concrete & Rebar July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
7 Q UA D - D E C K F L O O R A N D R O O F S YS T E M
QUAD-DECK
The revolutionary Quad-Deck forming system is a pan floor form designed for both commercial and residential construction. Quad-Deck panels shape a series of T-beams on 2 ft. [61cm] centers which integrate with a concrete slab. The resulting monolithic concrete structure now provides 2-way span capacity and a shear plane, for superior structural performance.
INTEGRATED STEEL BEAMS FOR SHORING AND ATTACHEMENT REBAR WELDED WIRE MESH HOLLOW CORES FOR PLUMBING AND ELECTRICAL
1 SLAB DEPTH = 12 " - 4" [38mm - 102mm]
PANEL THICKNESS 7" - 12.5" [178mm - 318mm]
1 BEAM DEPTH 5" - 102 " [127mm - 267mm]
INSULATION = 2" - 3" [51mm - 76mm]
12" [305mm] 24" [610mm]
Figure 119: Typical Quad-Deck & Concrete Cross Section
Basics:
The panels interlock with a tongue and groove design at the base of a 5" [125mm] wide cavity that forms the concrete Tbeams. Quad-Deck comes in several sizes, creating concrete beams between 5" [125mm] and 10" [280mm] in height. Rebar is placed in each beam pocket, so the resulting T-beam functions like a conventional floor joist. The thickness of the Quad-Deck and the depth of the concrete slab will determine the overall beam height, and thus the span capacity of the entire structure. Quad-Deck T-beam structures can be designed using up to 40% less concrete than full depth suspended slabs.
R-Values:
Like all insulating concrete forms, Quad-Deck is both forming and insulation. R-values range from 16 to 33, depending on foam thickness, delivering the best combination of R-value and low air infiltration for energy efficiency. Insulation is an inherent feature of the Quad-Deck system, and is not dependent on the skill level of the installer to deliver its best performance.
Designing for Fire Resistive Construction in Quad-Deck Floor and Roof Structures
Structures built with suspended concrete floors and roofs that are formed by Quad-Deck insulating forms can be designed for fire resistive construction using ACI 216 Standard Method for Determining Fire Resistance of Concrete and Masonry Construction Assemblies. Using components (like concrete and Type X gypsum wallboard) that contribute known fire resistance ratings, a fire resistive assembly can be specified by the project engineer.
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Concrete:
ACI 216 (Table 2.1) shows 4 common types of concrete (by aggregate type) and the minimum slab thickness required to generate fire resistance ranging from 1 hour to 4 hours. (Table also found in IBC 721.2.2.1)
Requirements for calculating the minimum equivalent thickness for floor and roof panels formed with Quad-Deck can be found in ACI 216, Chapter 2, Section 2.2.4(a). Therefore, because of Quad-Decks shape, the required slab thickness is equal to the minimum equivalent thickness in Table 2.1. If Quad-Deck is used in a roof structure, ACI 216, Section 2.2.6 may permit an additional 10 minute fire resistance credit for certain roofing materials. Note: Typical structural specifications for Quad-Deck floors/roofs call for minimum slab thickness ranging from 3 to 5" [76mm 127mm]. Most engineered designs call for a minimum " to 1" [19mm - 25mm] concrete coverage of reinforcement. Refer to Section 2.3 for minimum concrete coverage of reinforcing bar in fire resistive designs.
Gypsum Drywall:
ACI 216, Chapter 5 contains Effects of Finish Materials on Fire Resistance. Here, design professionals will find methods for calculating the fire resistance of walls and slabs that are finished on one or both sides with different finish materials, including gypsum drywall. Tables 5.1 and 5.2 display values for materials placed on both the non-fire exposed and fire exposed side of the structure. The building type and occupancy will determine how the information in these tables is applied, so each project must be considered individually. Note that in all cases, foam plastic insulation is required to be covered by a 15 minute thermal barrier; i.e. " [13mm] gypsum drywall. ACI 216 is available from the American Concrete Institute bookstore at www.concrete.org, or call the Quad-Lock Training and Technical Services Department for more information at 1-888-711-5625.
Shoring Requirements:
Integral moulded-in metal joists add strength to the panels, eliminating the need for secondary shoring members (usually 4 x 4 wood beams and plywood decking). Primary I-beam shores are placed approximately every 6 ft. [2 m] as called out by the project engineer. At 6 to 8 foot [1.8 to 2 m] spacing, Quad-Deck panels provide a safe and secure platform to support crews, reinforcement, and concrete. Generally, sufficient concrete strength can be generated in 3 to 7 days, depending on the mix design and local weather conditions. The local ready mixed concrete supplier will design the right mix for the desired cure time. Quad-Lock recommends that an engineered shoring design be used in all cases, and that removal of shoring be done only with permission from the structural engineer.
Panel Placement:
Once shoring is in place, Quad-Deck panels can be placed by hand in a fraction of the time required for conventional forms. Forms are laid over the top of shoring members, to form a pan form system of T-beams on 2 foot [61cm] centers. Place panels with the tongues on one panel edge locking into the groove edge of the preceding panel. Where walls are parallel to the Quad-Deck panels, rip the bottom flange off the wall side of the panel to permit the panel to contact the wall form. When all but the last panel is placed, measure the remaining area to be formed and rip the last panel to fit. If an error has occurred in estimating and material is short, extra shoring and a plywood form can be placed under the Quad-Deck panels to form a solid concrete beam to infill the gap.
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PRODUCT MANUAL Where panel ends butt to a perpendicular wall, no attachment is necessary, and gaps up to 2" [51mm] may be filled with spray foam if panel cut dimensions do not match the as-built.
T-Beam Reinforcement:
Reinforcing steel, called out by the project engineer, is laid at the bottom of each T-beam, to give the structure its span capacity. Rebar should never be placed directly on the forms. Use specially designed plastic rebar chairs to maintain the proper distance between the steel and the forms, generally " to 1" [19mm - 25mm] minimum. Reinforcing steel must also be tied into the supporting wall structure to provide a solid floor-to-wall connection. Consult the Quad-Lock Product Manual or web site for different options on making this connection.
Slab Reinforcement:
Welded wire mesh or an additional rebar grid is laid on top of the Quad-Deck, and reinforces the slab that is poured generally between 3 and 5" [76mm 127mm] in depth.
Sizing the Panels:

In most cases, Quad-Deck is cut to length in the factory according to precise shop drawings taken from the building plans. This eliminates labor and waste at the jobsite. However, if necessary, field cuts are easily made using common construction equipment.
Fastening to Panels:
Fasten drywall or suspended ceilings directly to the metal flanges embedded in the Quad-Deck. Heavier duty fastening may require the positioning of ICFLC brackets into the T-beams to be embedded in concrete.
CAST IN PLACE SCREWS FASTENED TO METAL Z-STRIPS BEFORE POUR TO SECURE CONNECTION OF METAL Z-STRIP TO CONCRETE IN THE EVENT OF FIRE - SPACING AS SPECIFIED
12"
28 GAUGE STEEL Z-STRIPS PROVIDE ATTACHMENT SURFACE FOR CEILING FINISH (I.E. DRYWALL) MAXIMUM 75 LB/LIN. FT
12"
Figure 120: Cross Section Showing Continuous Steel Flange Placement
QUAD-DECK TILT-UP PANELS:

Quad-Deck can be used in many applications, like floors, flat roofs, low pitched roofs, or even poured into wall panels on the ground and lifted into place for insulated tilt-up construction. Tilt-up panels can be formed without the traditional casting bed, or bond breakers, and consume less reinforcing bar than conventional tilt-up. Quad-Deck tilt-up panels are furred, insulated, and ready for finishes upon placement, cutting down installation time and material costs.
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Concrete Finishes:
Architectural finishes can be applied on the ground, since Quad-Deck tilt panels are constructed face conventional slab finish techniques, like exposed aggregate, stamping, staining, and cutting. up, using
Lifting Quad-Deck Tilt Panels:

Tilt-Up wall panels formed with Quad-Deck require the same lifting hardware as conventional tilt-up panels. A continuous beam formed at the top of each panel should contain the hardware, or pick points, and lifting hardware should not be installed in the T-beam pockets in the Quad-Deck panels. Single lifts, with two or more pick points in a horizontal row, can be used because floor, roof and wall sections built with Quad-Deck require far less concrete and therefore reduce the weight of the structure by up to 40%. This means that smaller, less expensive lift equipment may be used in panelized construction and supporting structures may be of smaller design for poured-in-place applications, which all translate into lower cost of installation.
GREEN ROOF INSTALLATION:

Quad-Deck is the ideal product for the construction of Green Roof systems, with superior span and load bearing capacity, and the absence of any elements that are susceptible to damage from moisture. Other structural systems, like steel and engineered wood generally cannot bring the necessary strength or durability to the green roof application, when compared to concrete construction. Building designers should consider the loading factor brought to bear by the green roof system and design the supporting Quad-Deck roof structure accordingly. When the concrete slab has been placed and properly cured, apply roofing membranes that are rated for contact with concrete and additional layers for drainage and root blockage as specified by the green roof system manufacturer. Quad-Deck panels may be installed flat, or on a slight pitch to promote drainage, depending on the desired interior ceiling configuration. Please consult Quad-Lock Technical Services Dept. for proper layout and sizing, and always involve a local professional engineer.
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Figure 121: Elements of a Green Roof Quad-Deck provides superior insulating qualities that reduce the noise level not only from the roof and floors but also from the exterior and the interior. Depending on job requirements, Quad-Deck offers R-Values ranging from R-16 to R-33.
Quad-Deck Estimating Guides and Installation Procedures:

Check the Quad-Lock website www.quadlock.com for the latest installation and estimating procedures for Quad-Deck. Post-Tension and Non-Post-Tension Estimating Guides have been developed to assist the design and construction industry. The guides and standard construction details for the assembly of the Quad-Deck Flooring System can be obtained from the Quad-Lock website or your local dealer.
Quad-Deck Construction Details (Typical):
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Typical Quad-Deck Floor-to Wall Connection
QUAD-LOCK TIE VERT. REINF. AS SPECIFIED REINF. CONCRETE CORE TOP WHALER
QUAD-LOCK PANEL
INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED DOWELS AS SPECIFIED WWM AS SPECIFIED CONC. BEAM REINFORCEMENT 24" [610mm]
SLAB DEPTH 1 12 " - 4" [38mm - 102mm] BEAM DEPTH 1 " [127mm - 267mm] 5" - 102 INSULATION 2" - 3" [51mm - 76mm]
SLAB TIE & SLAB BRACKET W/ LUMBER POSTS @ 24" [610mm] O.C.
QUAD-DECK PANEL TEMP. SHORING BEAMS @ 6' O.C. MAX 36" [914mm] 4'-5' O.C. MAX. FOR TEMP. SHORING UNDER BEAMS TO BE SPECIFIED BY ENGINEER HORIZONTAL REINF. PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING 6" MAX.
Figure 122: Typical Quad-Deck Floor-to-Wall Connection
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Typical Quad-Deck Floor Interior Bearing Wall Connection
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE QUAD-LOCK PANEL
STIRRUPS AS SPECIFIED DOWELS AS SPECIFIED WWM AS SPECIFIED CONC. BEAM REINFORCEMENT
SLAB DEPTH 1 12 " - 4" [38mm - 102mm] BEAM DEPTH 1 5" - 102 " [127mm - 267mm] INSULATION 2" - 3" [51mm - 76mm]
QUAD-DECK PANEL INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED 6" MAX. VERTICAL REINF. AT REQUIRED SPACING QUAD-LOCK TIE TEMP. SHORING BEAMS @ 6' O.C. MAX 4'-5' O.C. MAX. FOR TEMP. SHORING UNDER BEAMS TO BE SPECIFIED BY ENGINEER HORIZONTAL REINF. PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING
Figure 123: Typical Quad-Deck Floor Internal Wall Connection
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Typical Quad-Deck Flat Roof Connection

WATERPROOFING & FINISH MATERIAL AS PER ARCH. DESIGN DOWELS AS SPECIFIED WWM AS SPECIFIED CONC. BEAM REINFORCEMENT
SLAB DEPTH 1 12 " - 4" [38mm - 102mm] BEAM DEPTH 1 " [127mm - 267mm] 5" - 102 INSULATION 2" - 3" [51mm - 76mm]
TOP WHALER
1% SLOPE REQUIRED
SLAB TIE & SLAB BRACKET W/ LUMBER POSTS @ 24" [610mm] O.C.
24" [610mm]
QUAD-DECK PANEL TEMP. SHORING BEAMS @ 6' O.C. MAX 36" [914mm] 4'-5' O.C. MAX. FOR TEMP. SHORING UNDER BEAMS TO BE SPECIFIED BY ENGINEER HORIZONTAL REINF. PLACED ALTERNATELY AT REQUIRED SPACING 6" MAX.
VERT. REINF. AS SPECIFIED QUAD-LOCK TIE REINF. CONCRETE CORE WATERPROOFING AND DRAINAGE BOARD AS SPECIFED
SLOPE
QUAD-LOCK PANEL INTERIOR FINISH AS SPECIFIED
Figure 124: Typical Quad-Deck Flat Roof Connection
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8 T E C H N I C A L S P E C I F I C AT I O N S
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR QUAD-LOCK EPS PANELS
Imperial DIMENSIONS*: COLOR*: EPS DENSITY*: EPS BEAD TYPE*: FLEXURAL STRENGTH*: COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH*: SHEAR STRENGTH: TENSILE STRENGTH: WATER VAPOR PERMEANCE*: WATER ABSORPTION (96hr)*: DIMENSIONAL STABILITY: COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION#: ALLOWABLE DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES*: FLASH IGNITION TEMP.: SELF-IGNITION TEMP. (EXPANDED): FLAME SPREAD: SMOKE DEV.: EPS RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS: (DIN 54836, Styropor, BASF) Regular Panel Plus Panel GRANITE Regular Panel Plus Panel FIRE RETARDANT (ASTM C-203) (ASTM D-1621) (ASTM C-273) (MIL-P-19644) (ASTM E-96) (ASTM D-2842) (ASTM D-2126) (ASTM D-696) min. 40 PSI 32 PSI 38 PSI 60 PSI 0.25 perm/in 2.7% 0.26% 3.5 x 10 -5in/inF 1/8" 715F min. 276kPa 222kPa 262kPa 414kPa 14.3 ng/Pa.sm.2 2.7% 0.26% 1.94 x 10-5m/mC 3.3mm 379C 1.9 0.06 lb./cuft 1.5 0.06 lb./cuft 30.4 1.0 g/l 24.0 1.0 g/l 48" x 12" x 2" 48" x 12" x 4" Metric 1219 x 305 x 57mm 1219 x 305 x 108mm
(ASTM D1929 Expanded Polystyrene, Huntsman) 880F 471C (ASTM E84/CAN/UCC-S 25 max 140 180 102.2M) (ASTM E84/CAN/UCC-S 450 max over 380 102.2M) ARCO NER # 236 Dec. 1, 1992 BASF NER # 479 June 1, 1993 HUNTSMAN NER # 384 May 1, 1992 STAREX SAMSUNG ESR-2195 February 1, 2007 NOVA CHEMICALS ESR-1798 October 1, 2006
* tested for Quad-Lock
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR QUAD-LOCK INSULATED CONCRETE WALLS

INSULATION VALUES using the following panels (insulation thicknesses): Imperial (h*ft*F/BTU) (with " gypsum board on one side) Metric (W/(m*K)) (without gypsum board) ABOVE GRADE 3' BELOW GRADE 2 Regular Panels (2" [57mm] each) R = 21.7 R = 27.8 1 Regular & 1 Plus Panel (2" [57mm] and 4" [108mm]) R = 32 R = 38 2 Plus Panels (4" [108mm] each) R = 40 R = 46
U = 0.28
U = 0.20
U = 0.15
STC RATING (ASTM E-90)
Walls Nominal Concrete Thickness 4" [10cm] 6" [15cm] 8" [20cm] 10" [25cm] 12" [30cm]
STC Rating 50 53 57 58 59 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 2 hours 3 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 2 hours 3 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours 2 hours 3 hours 4 hours 4 hours 4 hours
FIRE RESISTANCE Non-Bearing Walls ASTM E119 Available upon request.
6" [15cm] 8" [20cm] 10" [25cm] 12" [30cm]
FIRE RESISTANCE Bearing Walls (Please refer to UL/ULC Fire Resistive Design BXUV.U934 and BXUVC.W019 respectively)
4" [10cm] 6" [15cm] 8" [20cm] 10" [25cm] 12" [30cm]
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The following table summarizes the conditions under which Quad-Lock walls were tested for UL/ULC Fire Resistance Ratings (ASTM E119)
Product Tested Test Wall Dimensions (LxHxW) Wall Reinforcing (at centerline of wall) Concrete Compressive Strength Factored Axial Resistance Per A23.3-05 Per ACI-318-05 Specified Gravity Test Loading Per A23.3-05 Per ACI-318-05 Specified Gravity Test Loading (Superimposed) Nominal 6inch Quad-Lock Wall Assembly 10 feet x 10 feet x 5 3/4" (actual concrete width) [3.05m x 3.05m x 146mm] 10M at 305mm Horizontal 10M at 400mm Vertical 2900 psi (20 MPa) 40,283 lbs per ft (596 kN/m) 41,072 lbs per ft (599 kN/m) 29,159 lbs per ft (426 kN/m) 29,373 lbs per ft (428 kN/m) 29,340 lbs per ft (428 kN/m)
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Wall Widths of Quad-Lock Panel and Tie Combinations

Imperial
Concrete Width Inside Concrete Volume Weight QuadLock Parts per m Weight Concrete per m
Wall Type
Wall Width
RValue
Ties
Panels
W*
Nominal Wall Width / inches h*ft*F/ Concrete width " BTU 16 / 12 16 / 10 16 / 8 14 / 10 14 / 8 14 / 6 12 / 8 12 / 6 12 / 4 10 / 6 10 / 4 8/4 16 1/4 16 1/4 16 1/4 14 1/4 14 1/4 14 1/4 12 1/4 12 1/4 12 1/4 10 1/4 10 1/4 8 1/4 22 32 40 22 32 40 22 32 40 22 32 22 Type 12" Tie red 12" Tie red 12" Tie red 10" Tie green 10" Tie green 10" Tie green 8" Tie yellow 8" Tie yellow 8" Tie yellow 6" Tie blue 6" Tie blue 4" Tie black
T*
inches " 15.5 15.5 15.5 13.5 13.5 13.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 9.5 9.5 7.5
Outside
C*
" inches " 11 3/4 9 3/4 7 3/4 9 3/4 7 3/4 5 3/4 7 3/4 5 3/4 3 3/4 5 3/4 3 3/4 3 3/4 m/m 0.299 0.248 0.197 0.248 0.197 0.146 0.197 0.146 0.095 0.146 0.095 0.096
Type Plus Plus Plus Plus Plus Plus Plus
"
Type
kN/m 0.48 0.64 0.79 0.48 0.64 0.79 0.48 0.64 0.79 0.48 0.64 0.48
kN/m 6.87 5.70 4.53 5.70 4.53 3.36 4.53 3.36 2.19 3.36 2.19 2.21
Regular 2.25 Regular 2.25 4.25 Regular 2.25 4.25 Plus 4.25
Regular 2.25 Regular 2.25 4.25 Regular 2.25 Regular 2.25 Regular 2.25
Metric
Wall Width U-Value Concrete Width Inside Type Regular Plus Regular Plus Regular Plus Regular Regular mm 57 57 108 57 57 108 57 57 108 57 57 57 Concrete Volume Weight QuadLock Parts per m m/m 0.299 0.248 0.197 0.248 0.197 0.146 0.197 0.146 0.095 0.146 0.095 0.096 kN/m 0.48 0.63 0.79 0.48 0.63 0.79 0.48 0.63 0.79 0.48 0.63 0.48 Weight Concrete per m kN/m 6.88 5.70 4.53 5.70 4.53 3.36 4.53 3.36 2.19 3.36 2.19 2.21
Wall Type Nominal Wall Width / Concrete Width 16 / 12 16 / 10 16 / 8 14 / 10 14 / 8 14 / 6 12 / 8 12 / 6 12 / 4 10 / 6 10 / 4 8/4
Ties
Panels
W*
mm 413 413 413 362 362 362 311 311 311 260 260 210 W/ (m*K) 0.28 0.20 0.15 0.28 0.20 0.15 0.28 0.20 0.15 0.28 0.20 0.28 Type 12" Tie red 12" Tie red 12" Tie red 10" Tie green 10" Tie green 10" Tie green 8" Tie yellow 8" Tie yellow 8" Tie yellow 6" Tie blue 6" Tie blue 4" Tie black
T*
mm 394 394 394 343 343 343 292 292 292 241 241 191
Outside Type Regular Plus Plus Regular Plus Plus Regular Plus Plus Regular Plus Regular mm 57 108 57 108 57 108 57 57
C*
mm 299 248 197 248 197 146 197 146 95 146 95 96
108 Regular
108 Regular
108 Regular
108 Regular
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FINDINGS OF TESTS PERFORMED ON QUAD-LOCK

Product Evaluation #484-2063 (performed by Inchcape Testing Services)
Findings:
'The expanded polystyrene systems (Quad-Lock) identified in this report have met the requirements of ICBO Evaluation Service AC12 Acceptance Criteria for Foam Plastic Insulation (July 2000) in conjunction with the ASTM C578-95 "Standard Specification for Rigid Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation" for the test reported.'
Screw Pull Out Test #L19214

Findings:
Shear Tests conducted at -40F [-40C] using #6 drywall screws is an average maximum shear strength of 190 lb [86kg] Pull-out Tests conducted at -40F [-40C] using #6 drywall screws is an average maximum shear strength of 130lbs [59kg] Shear Tests at -31F (-35C) using #6 drywall screws is an average maximum withdrawal strength of 160lbs [73kg] Pull-out Tests at -31F [-35C] using #6 drywall screws has an average maximum withdrawal strength of 100lbs [45kg] NOTE: ICC/ICBO Evaluation has allowed for a safety buffer and reports: Fasteners have an allowable pullout capacity of 38lbs [17kg] and an allowable lateral capacity of 77lbs [35kg]
Standard Room Fire Test #6807

Findings:
'The Quad-Lock EPS form wall protected by " [12.5mm] conventional gypsum wallboard installed as described in this report met the criteria of acceptance of the Uniform Building Code Standard 26-3 (1994).'
Standard Fire Endurance Test Program #6802

Findings:
'The Quad-Lock EPS form wall protected by a " [12.5mm] standard gypsum wallboard thermal barrier installed as described in this report met the criteria of acceptance of ASTM E 119, CAN/ULC S101, and UBC 7-1 for a four hour fire resistance rating. The High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) or Polypropylene (PP) bridging ties did not melt out and did not cause a loss of support for the non-fire side standard " [12.5mm] gypsum thermal barrier. As no through openings were developed in the concrete wall section, no possibility of ignition of cotton waste occurred. There was no occurrence of burnthrough or through openings in the concrete wall, nor was there flaming of the plastic ties and expanded polystyrene foam on the unexposed side. The Quad-Lock expanded polystyrene foam 6" [15cm] concrete wall form system is consequently eligible for a four hour fire resistance rating.'
Analysis of Thermal Properties of Quad-Lock (performed by Ecotope)

Findings:
'Ecotope's analysis shows that in typical construction, Quad-Lock above-grade walls perform much better than typical R19 and R-21 frame walls; the Quad-Lock performance is equivalent to a 2x6 frame wall insulated with 5" [14cm] of Dow Blueboard (R-5 per inch). In below-grade applications, Quad-Lock significantly outperforms standard construction (8" [20cm] concrete wall with R-10 exterior rigid insulation).' The Quad-Lock wall system should out-perform frame walls in ways that cannot be quantified by a steady-state heat loss analysis. Standard parallel heat flow calculations assume that the fiberglass insulation is uniformly installed with no voids or compressed batts. This is not what is usually found in the field. If installed correctly, concrete walls will not settle, bend, sag and crack, as framed walls will do with time. The QuadLock system should also create a wall, which is significantly more airtight than a standard framed wall.
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Fire Resistance Rating Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (BXUV.U934) and Underwriters Laboratories of Canada (BXUVC.W109)
Quad-Lock walls have been tested by Underwriters Laboratories of Canada under the following testing standards: ASTM E119-07 CAN/ULC S101-04 th ANSI/UL 263 13 edition EN 1365-1 In accordance with all of the above standards, Quad-Lock walls have been found to have fire resistance as follows: 4" [100mm] cavity 2 hrs 6" [150mm] cavity 3 hrs 8" [200mm] cavity and above 4 hrs Search for listed fire resistive design (UL Design # U934 and ULC Design # W019) at: USA: CANADA: http://database.ul.com/cgi-bin/XYV/template/LISEXT/1FRAME/index.htm http://database.ul.com/cgi-bin/XYV/template/LISCANADA/1FRAME/index.html
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BXUV.U934 Fire Resistance Ratings - ANSI/UL 263

QUAD-LOCK BUILDING SYSTEMS LTD Design No. U934 July 24, 2007
Bearing Wall Rating - 2, 3 or 4 Hr (See item 1)
1.
Insulated Concrete Forms* Standard form units comprised of two 48" by 12" by 2" [mm by mm by mm] thick expanded polystyrene (EPS) panels linked by High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) ties at 12" on center. Ties are colour coded for different wall cavity thicknesses and are field installed into EPS panels to create the ICF form. The min width of the ICF cavity is 3" [mm] as shown in the table below. Assembly ratings depend on width of ICF cavity as shown in table below: Assembly Rating, (Hr) 2 3 4 Min. ICF Cavity Thickness, (in) 3.75 5.75 7.75
2. 3. 4.
Reinforcing Steel No. 4 steel rebar installed horizontally into each ICF course within polypropylene web notches. No. 4 rebars placed vertically at 16" OC into center of ICFs. Normal Weight Concrete 145 5 pcf density, 2900 psi nominal compressive strength. Gypsum Wallboard Min " [mm] thick, 1.5 psf min area density, 48" [mm] wide gypsum wallboard fastened to flanges of HDPE ties with 2" long drywall screws at 12" OC vertically and horizontally. Joints covered with joint compound, covered with joint tape, and covered with an additional coat of joint compound. Screwheads covered with joint compound.
*Bearing the UL Classification Mark Reprinted from the Online Certifications Directory with permission from Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Copyright 2007 Underwriters Laboratories Inc.
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BXUVC.W019 Fire Resistance Ratings

QUAD-LOCK BUILDING SYSTEMS LTD Design No. W019 July 24, 2007
Bearing Wall Rating - 2, 3 or 4 Hr (See item 1)
1.
Insulated Concrete Forms CDELC (Guide No. 40 U18.45). Standard form units comprised of two 1219mm by 305mm by 57mm thick expanded polystyrene (EPS) panels linked by High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) ties at 305mm OC. Ties are colour coded for different wall cavity thicknesses and are field installed into EPS panels to create the ICF form. The minimum width of the ICF cavity is 96mm as shown in the table below. Assembly ratings depend on width of ICF cavity as shown in table below: Assembly Rating, (Hr) 2 3 4 Min. ICF Cavity Thickness, (mm) 96 146 197
2. 3. 4.
Reinforcing Steel 10M reinforcing bars installed horizontally into each ICF course within polypropylene web notches. Reinforcing bars placed vertically at 400mm OC into center of ICFs. Sand-Limestone Concrete 2300 50 kg/m3 density, 20 MPa nominal compressive strength. 2 Gypsum Wallboard 12.7mm thick, 7.5 kg/m minimum, 1220mm wide gypsum wallboard fastened to flanges of HDPE ties with 50mm long drywall screws at 305mm OC vertically and horizontally. Joints covered with joint compound, covered with joint tape, and covered with an additional coat of joint compound. Screwheads covered with joint compound.
Reprinted from the Online Certifications Directory with permission from Underwriters Laboratories' of Canada Copyright 2007 Underwriters Laboratories' of Canada
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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Quad-Lock Building Systems Ltd. 7398 - 132nd Street Surrey, BC V3W 4M7 Canada
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Effective November 2004
PRODUCT INFORMATION
Product: Product Types: Chemical Family: CSA Name: Chemical Formula: TSCA Inventory Status: Quad-Lock Panels moulded EPS expanded polystyrene ASTM C578 Types: The rigid cellular EPS insulation complies with ASTM C 578-95 as flows: Regular Panels are Type III in Canada and type IX in US, and Plus Panels are Type II in Canada and US polystyrene thermoplastic benzene, ethenyl-, homopolymer (9003-53-6) (C8H8) Listed
HAZARD RATING DATA

Health Fire Reactivity 0 1 self extinguishing material 0 0=minimal 2=moderate 3=serious 4=severe
COMPONENTS DATA
Hazardous Components: Pentanes (CSA Registry No. 109-66-0) <0.6% by weight Flame retardant as brominated organics: Hexabromocyclododecane (CSA Registry No. 25637-99-4) 0.9% max. Non-Hazardous Components: Polystyrene (CSA Registry No. 9003-53-6) 95.1% by weight min. Water (H2O) 3.4% by weight max.
PHYSICAL DATA
Form: Colour: Odor: Boiling Point: Melt Point: Rigid cellular foam shapes light gray/blue very slight hydrocarbon odor N/A softens at 175F Specific Gravity (water=1): 0.014 to 0.032 Vapor Pressure: N/A Volatiles by vol.: <4% (pentanes and water) Vapor Density (air=1): N/A Evaporation Rate: none
FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA

Flash Point: 610F (ASTM D1929) Auto-Ignition Temp: 850F This material contains a flame retardant industry designation is self extinguishing. Special Fire Fighting Instructions: Use approved self-contained breathing apparatus respirator and personal protective clothing (turn out gear). Extinguish Media: Water fog, carbon dioxide, dry chemical foam. Unusual fire and explosion hazards: May produce dense black smoke. Smoke contains carbon soot, carbon monoxide and water. Dust generated by fabricating, i.e. cutting, sawing, etc., will increase fire hazards and should be handled accordingly.
REACTIVITY DATA
Stability (conditions to avoid): Incompatibility (materials to avoid): Products of Decomposition: Hazardous Polymerization: none. Stable, avoid fire and high temperatures. Will dissolve in most organic solvents and amines. carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water
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9 P R I M E R : A I R C I R C U L AT I O N
Air circulation in a house ensures that dampness can be avoided and thus mildew does not have a chance to grow. This is especially important in an ICF house, where the walls themselves are significantly more air tight than in a stick-frame building (which is one of the reasons for lower energy costs). Proper air circulation can be accomplished by installing an adequate HVAC system or, if radiant heating is used, by installing a simple air circulation system. The simplest method is to open the windows a few times a day for short periods.
FRESH AIR
USED AIR FROM BATHROOMS
FRESH AIR INTO BEDROOMS
USED AIR FROM BATHROOMS
FRESH AIR INTO LIVING ROOM
The illustration shows the air circulation system of a USED AIR USED AIR Passive House (a building that heats and cools itself). The house FRESH AIR actually doesnt consume energy in the form of oil, gas, electricity or other HEAT HEAT PUMP EXCHANGER conventional means, but rather produces all the energy needed itself using GROUND IS PREHEATING FRESH AIR solar panels, the Figure 125: Typical Passive House Ventilation Systems orientation of the house and windows to the South and heat exchange systems for the recovery of energy. Of course this is only possible, if the walls and the roof are insulated to the highest standards (i.e. using Quad-Lock and Quad-Deck) and if the windows only permit very little heat to escape. But the key to the concept is the introduction of heat exchangers in the air circulation system. Experiments have shown that heat loss by ventilation accounts for 40% of all heat loss in a low-energy house. By using heat exchangers, this heat loss can be reduced by 80%. How can you achieve that? Here are the central points: Installation of a heat exchanger. This device transfers the heat from outbound air to inbound air. The heat exchanger should have an efficiency of more than 80%. Inbound air through pipes in the ground. If the inbound air is ducted to the building through pipes that lie approximately 10ft [3 m] below the ground surface for a distance of 50ft [15.2 m], the air will arrive at the building already preheated in the Winter and pre-cooled in the Summer. The ducts are kept as short as possible and flow rates are kept below 10ft/s. The heating unit and the heat exchanger is located strategically in the building in order to decrease duct lengths and friction in the system. Used air is drawn from the kitchen and the bathrooms and fresh air is ducted into the living areas and bedrooms. Building with Quad-Lock and Quad-Deck alone will save a lot of energy. To become almost independent from energy costs and shortages, you have the option to install a heat exchange system and save even more energy and money. Page 146 Chapter 9 Technical Specificaitions July 2009
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APPENDIX A E N G I N E E R I N G D E S I G N TA B L E S ( C A N A DA ) & C C M C E VA L UAT I O N

Introduction
The Quad-Lock Building System results in a solid monolithic concrete wall of the thickness selected. The formwork is held together with plastic ties which are embedded in the concrete wall after the concrete is poured. The plastic ties are manufactured to for a 102mm, 152mm, 203mm, or 254mm nominal width for a constructed concrete wall width of 92mm, 143mm, 194mm and 245mm, respectively when using standard panels (for all possible wall widths see Wall Widths of Quad-Lock Panel and Tie Combinations on Page 140). Proprietary tables have been prepared for use by qualified designers and structural engineers who are required to determine the load conditions, combinations and required ultimate resistance and serviceability for a desired concrete wall. Structural calculations are available for concrete lintels for a 305mm, 406mm and 607mm deep lintel. Factored uniform vertical loads are listed for varying lintel/header widths indicating the shear stirrups requirements. The prepared tables are intended to indicate reinforcing schedule and available strength for a selected concrete wall section. It is the responsibility of a building designer to determine strength and serviceability requirements and use the structural tables wherever appropriate. Other lintel reinforcing arrangements and details may be suitable and should be reviewed by a qualified structural engineer. Tables for wall reinforcing schedule are calculated based on Seismic Zone 0 to 4 for the out of plane loading of wall component. Quad-Lock Building System strongly recommends that for application for above grade reinforced concrete wall in a high wind or seismic zone; a designated professional should be consulted to determine the minimum solid wall length that will safely transfer the required seismic or wind shear and provides resistance to the overturning moment. The full engineering report which is the basis for all of the tables, are available to the designers/structural engineers, if requested. Prescriptive design tables for residential structures can also be found in Part 9, Subsection 9.15.4.5 and 9.20.17 of the 2005 National Building Code of Canada. Use of these prescriptive designs is permissible in locations where the seismic spectral response acceleration, Sa(0.2), is not greater than 0.4. (See A-9.20.1.12. in Appendix A.) Otherwise, buildings must comply with Structural Design Subsection 4.3.2. Consult the 2005 NBC for a list of seismic response ratings. If a building design falls outside of the parameters of either the Quad-Lock tables or those contained in the 2005 NBC, a site-specific engineering design may be required by the local building official. The excerpt of Quad-Locks CCMC evaluation below shows that Quad-Lock complies with CCMCs Technical Guide for Modular, Expanded Polystyrene or Polyurethane Concrete Forms, MasterFormat number 03131 and provides a level of performance equivalent to that required in NBC 1995, Article 4.3.3.1., Subsection 9.3.1., Section 9.4., and Subsection 9.15.4 with respect to wall construction.
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CCMC Evaluation
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APPENDIX B E N G I N E E R I N G D E S I G N TA B L E S ( U S A ) & I C C E V A L U AT I O N
Introduction
The Quad-Lock Building System results in a solid monolithic concrete wall of the thickness selected. The formwork is held together with plastic ties that are embedded in the concrete wall after the concrete is poured. The plastic ties are manufactured to assemble a 4", 6", 8", 10" and 12" nominal concrete width for a constructed concrete wall width of 3", 5", 7", 9" and 11", respectively when using standard panels (for all possible wall widths Wall Widths of Quad-Lock Panel and Tie Combinations on Page 140. The plastic ties occupy a small vertical or horizontal cross-section and are considered negligible in the calculation of the strength of a conventional concrete wall. This Section contains calculations for various concrete wall widths, reinforcing steel size, reinforcing placement schedule and wall loads. Sample calculations are illustrated for particular load conditions and wall configurations. Tables are prepared listing reinforcement requirements for a range of load conditions and wall configurations. Other concrete wall reinforcing arrangements and details may be suitable and should be reviewed by a qualified structural engineer. Tables have been prepared for the use of qualified designers and structural engineers who are required to determine the load conditions, combinations and required strength for a desired concrete wall. Structural calculations are available for concrete lintels for a 12", 16" and 24" deep lintel. Maximum allowable clear spans for lintels are listed for varying lintel widths with or without shear stirrups. The prepared tables are intended to indicate reinforcing and available strength for a selected concrete wall section. It is the responsibility of a building designer/structural engineer to determine strength and serviceability requirements and use the structural tables wherever appropriate. Other lintel reinforcing arrangements and details may be suitable and should be reviewed by a qualified structural engineer. According to EB118.02, for all buildings in Seismic Design Categories D1 and D2, the minimum vertical and horizontal reinforcement shall be one No.5 rebar at maximum spacing of 18" on center, and the minimum concrete compressive strength shall be 3,000 psi. Quad-Lock Building System strongly recommends that for application for above grade reinforced concrete wall in a high wind or seismic zone; a designated professional should be consulted to determine the minimum solid wall length that will safely transfer the required seismic or wind shear and provides resistance to the overturning moment. All of the requirements for high seismic zone or wind region for one and two family dwellings can be found in EB 118.02 "Prescriptive Method for Insulating Concrete Forms in Residential Construction, 2nd Edition".
Note:
If the building design exceeds certain conditions and applicability limits outlined in the 2006 IRC (Section R611) or in EB118.0 (Section 1.3 Scope and Table 1.1 Applicability Limits), engineering will be required on a job specific basis.
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Appendix B
Page 161
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PRESUMPTIVE LOAD-BEARING VALUES OF a FOUNDATION MATERIALS LOAD-BEARING PRESSURE (pounds per square foot) 12,000 4,000 3,000 2000
CLASS OF MATERIAL Crystalline bedrock Sedimentary and foliated rock Sandy gravel and/or gravel (GW and GP) Sand, silty sand, clayey sand, silty gravel and clayey gravel (SW, SP, SM, SC, GM and GC) Clay, sandy clay, silty clay, clayey silt, silt and sandy silt (CL, ML, MH and CH)
1500
For SI: 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kN/m a. When soil tests are required by Section R401.4, the allowable bearing capacities of the soil shall be part of the recommendations. b. When the building official determines that in-place soils with an allowable bearing capacity of less than 1,500 psf are likely to be present at the site, the allowable bearing capacity shall be determined by a soils investigation.
The following tables are excerpts from Prescriptive Method for Insulating Concrete Forms in Residential Construction, nd 2 Edition, by NAHB Research Center, published by the Portland Cement Association (www.cement.org) Document No. EB118. Reprinted with permission.
TABLE 3.2
MINIMUM VERTICAL WALL REINFORCEMENT FOR ICF CRAWLSPACE WALLS1,2,3,4,5,6
Shape of Concrete Walls Minimum Vertical Reinforcement Maximum Maximum Maximum Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Density Density Density 30 pcf 45 pcf 60 pcf #3@16" #3@18"; #3@12"; 8 3.5 #4@32" #4@28"; #5@38" #4@22"; #5@28" #3@24" #3@24" #3@24" 5.5 #4@48" #4@48" #4@48" 7.5 N/R N/R N/R For SI: 1 foot = 0.3048 m; 1 inch = 25.4mm; 1 pcf = 16.0179 kg/m3 Wall Thickness7 (inches)
Flat
Table values are based on reinforcing bars with a minimum yield strength of 40,000 psi [276 MPa] and concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa]. 2 N/R indicates no vertical wall reinforcement is required. 3 Spacing of rebar shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.5 when reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi [414 MPa] is used. Reinforcement, when required, shall not be less than one #4 bar at 48" [1.2 m] on center. 4 Applicable only to crawlspace walls 5 feet [1.5 m] or less in height with a maximum unbalanced backfill height of 4 feet [1.2 m]. 5 Interpolation shall not be permitted. 6 Walls shall be laterally supported at the top before backfilling. 7 Actual thickness is shown for flat walls while nominal thickness is given for waffle-grid and screen-grid walls. Refer to Section 2.0 for actual waffle-grid and screen-grid thickness and dimensions. 8 Applicable only to one-story construction with floor bearing on top of crawlspace wall.
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TABLE 3.3
MINIMUM HORIZONTAL WALL REINFORCEMENT FOR ICF BASEMENT WALLS
Maximum Height of Basement Wall feet (meters) 8 [2.4] 9 [2.7] 10 [3.0] Location of Horizontal Reinforcement top of the wall story and one No. 4 bar top of the wall story and one No. 4 bar top of the wall story and one No. 4 bar 1 pcf = 16.0179 kg/m3
One No. 4 bar within 12" [305mm] of the near mid-height of the wall story One No. 4 bar within 12" [305mm] of the near third points in the wall story One No. 4 bar within 12" [305mm] of the near third points in the wall story For SI: 1 foot = 0.3048 m; 1 inch = 25.4mm;
Horizontal reinforcement requirements are for reinforcing bars with a minimum yield strength from 40,000 psi [276 MPa] and concrete with a minimum concrete compressive strength 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa].
Courtesy Portland Cement Association
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TABLE 3.4
MINIMUM VERTICAL WALL REINFORCEMENT FOR 5" [140mm] THICK FLAT ICF BASEMENT WALLS
1,2,3,4,5
Max. Wall Height (feet)
10
Minimum Vertical Reinforcement Maximum Maximum Maximum Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Density Density Density 30 pcf 45 pcf 60 pcf 4 #4@48" #4@48" #4@48" #3@12"; #4@22"; #3@8"; #4@14"; 5 #4@48" #5@32"; #6@40" #5@20"; #6@26" #3@12"; #4@22"; #3@8"; #4@14"; #3@6"; #4@10"; 6 #5@30"; #6@40" #5@20"; #6@24" #5@14"; #6@20" #3@8"; #4@14"; #3@5"; #4@10"; #3@4"; #4@6"; 7 #5@22"; #6@26" #5@14"; #6@18" #5@10"; #6@14" 4 #4@48" #4@48" #4@48" #3@12"; #4@20"; #3@8"; #4@14"; 5 #4@48" #5@28"; #6@36" #5@20"; #6@22" #3@10"; #4@20"; #3@6"; #4@12"; #4@8"; 6 #5@28"; #6@34" #5@18"; #6@20" #5@14"; #6@16" #3@8"; #4@14"; #4@8"; #4@6"; 7 #5@20"; #6@22" #5@12"; #6@16" #5@10"; #6@12" #3@6"; #4@10"; #4@6"; #4@4"; 8 #5@14"; #6@16" #5@10"; #6@12" #5@6"; #6@8" 4 #4@48" #4@48" #4@48" #3@10"; #4@18"; #3@6"; #4@14"; 5 #4@48" #5@26"; #6@30" #5@18"; #6@20" #3@10"; #4@18"; #3@6"; #4@12"; #3@4"; #4@8"; 6 #5@24"; #6@30" #5@16"; #6@18" #5@12"; #6@14" #3@6"; #4@12"; #3@4"; #4@8"; #4@6"; 7 #5@16"; #6@18" #5@12" #5@8"; #6@10" #3@4"; #4@8"; #4@6"; #4@4"; 8 #5@12"; #6@14" #5@8"; #6@12" #5@6"; #6@8" #3@4"; #4@6"; #4@4"; 9 #5@4"; #6@6" #5@10"; #6@12" #5@6"; #6@8" For SI: 1 foot = 0.3048 m; 1 inch = 25.4mm; 1 pcf = 16.0179 kg/m3 Maximum Unbalanced 6 Backfill Height (feet)
Table values are based on reinforcing bars with a minimum yield strength of 40,000 psi [276 MPa] and concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa]. 2 Spacing of rebar shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.5 when reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi [414 MPa] is used. Reinforcement shall not be less than one #4 bar at 48" [1.2 m] on center. 3 Deflection criterion is L/240, where L is the height of the basement wall in inches. 4 Interpolation shall not be permitted. 5 Walls shall be laterally supported at the top before backfilling. 6 Refer to Section 1.0 for the definition of unbalanced backfill height.
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TABLE 3.5
1,2,3,4,5,6
Maximum Unbalanced 7 Backfill Height (feet) 4 5 6 7 4 5 6
9 7 8 4 5 6 10 7 8 9 For SI:
1
Minimum Vertical Reinforcement Maximum Maximum Maximum Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Density Density Density 30 pcf 45 pcf 60 pcf N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R #4@14"; #4@10"; N/R #5@20"; #6@28" #5@16"; #6@20" N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R #4@14"; N/R N/R #5@20"; #6@28" #4@12"; #4@8"; N/R #5@18"; #6@26" #5@14"; #6@18" #4@14"; #4@8"; #4@6"; #5@22"; #6@28" #5@14"; #6@18" #5@10"; #6@14" N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R #4@12"; N/R N/R #5@18"; #6@26" #4@12"; #4@8"; N/R #5@18"; #6@24" #5@12"; #6@18" #4@12"; #4@8"; #4@6"; #5@20"; #6@26" #5@12"; #6@16" #5@8"; #6@12" #4@10"; #4@6"; #4@4"; #5@14"; #6@20" #5@10"; #6@12" #5@6"; #6@10" 1 foot = 0.3048 m; 1 inch = 25.4mm; 1 pcf = 16.0179 kg/m3
Table values are based on reinforcing bars with a minimum yield strength of 40,000 psi [276 MPa] and concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa]. 2 Spacing of rebar shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.5 when reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi [414 MPa] is used. Reinforcement, when required, shall not be less than one #4 bar at 48" [1.2 m] on center. 3 N/R indicates no reinforcement is required. 4 Deflection criterion is L/240, where L is the height of the basement wall in inches. 5 Interpolation shall not be permitted. 6 Walls shall be laterally supported at the top before backfilling. 7 Refer to Section 1.0 for the definition of unbalanced backfill height.
Courtesy Portland Cement Association July 2009 Appendix B Page 165
PRODUCT MANUAL
TABLE 3.6
1,2,3,4,5,6
Maximum Unbalanced Backfill 7 Height (feet) 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 8 4 5 6
10
7 8 9 For SI:
Minimum Vertical Reinforcement Maximum Maximum Maximum Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Fluid Density Density Density 30 pcf 45 pcf 60 pcf N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R #4@12"; N/R N/R #5@18"; #6@26" #4@12"; #4@8"; N/R #5@18"; #6@26" #5@14"; #6@18" N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R N/R #4@18"; N/R N/R #5@26"; #6@36" #4@10"; N/R N/R #5@18"; #6@24" #4@12"; #4@8"; N/R #5@16"; #6@24" #5@12"; #6@16" #4@8"; #4@6"; N/R #5@12"; #6@18" #5@10"; #6@12" 1 foot = 0.3048 m; 1 inch = 25.4mm; 1 pcf = 16.0179 kg/m3
Table values are based on reinforcing bars with a minimum yield strength of 40,000 psi [276 MPa] and concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa]. 2 Spacing of rebar shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.5 when reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi [414 MPa] is used. Reinforcement, when required, shall not be less than one #4 bar at 48" [1.2 m] on center. 3 N/R indicates no reinforcement is required. 4 Deflection criterion is L/240, where L is the height of the basement wall in inches. 5 Interpolation shall not be permitted. 6 Walls shall be laterally supported at the top before backfilling. 7 Refer to Section 1.0 for the definition of unbalanced backfill height.
Courtesy Portland Cement Association Page 166 Appendix B July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
TABLE 4.2
MINIMUM VERTICAL WALL REINFORCEMENT FOR FLAT ICF ABOVE-GRADE WALLS
1,2,3
Design Maximum Wind Wall Pressure Height (Table 4.1) per Story (psf) (feet) 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 40 9 10 8 50 9 10 8 60 9 10 8 70 9 10 8 80 9 10
1
Minimum Vertical Reinforcement4,5 Supporting LightSupporting ICF Second Story and Frame Second Story Light-Frame Roof and Roof Minimum Wall Thickness (inches) 3.5 5.5 3.5 5.5 3.5 5.5 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@38 #4@48 #4@40 #4@48 #4@42 #4@48 #4@42 #4@48 #4@46 #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #4@32; #4@34; #4@34; #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #5@48 #5@48 #5@48 Design Design Design #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 Required Required Required #4@30; #4@30; #4@32; #4@48 #4@48 #4@48 #5@48 #5@48 #5@48 Design Design Design #4@42 #4@46 #4@48 Required Required Required Design #4@32; Design #4@34; Design #4@38 Required #5@48 Required #5@48 Required #4@20; #4@22; #4@24; #4@42 #4@46 #4@48 #5@30 #5@34 #5@36 Design #4@34; Design #4@34; Design #4@38 Required #5@48 Required #5@48 Required Design #4@26; Design #4@26; Design #4@28; #5@46 Required #5@38 Required #5@38 Required Design #4@34; Design Design #4@36 #4@40 Required #5@48 Required Required Design #4@26; Design #4@28; Design #4@34; #5@48 Required #5@38 Required #5@46 Required Design #4@22; Design #4@22; Design #4@26; #5@38 Required #5@34 Required #5@34 Required Design #4@28; Design #4@30; Design #4@34; #5@48 Required #5@46 Required #5@48 Required Design #4@22; Design #4@22; Design #4@24; #5@36 Required #5@34 Required #5@34 Required Design #4@16; Design #4@18; Design #4@20; #5@30 Required #5@26 Required #5@28 Required Design #4@26; Design #4@26; Design #4@28; #5@46 Required #5@38 Required #5@38 Required Design #4@20; Design #4@20; Design #4@21; #5@34 Required #5@30 Required #5@30 Required Design #4@14; Design #4@14; Design #4@16; #5@26 Required #5@24 Required #5@24 Required For SI: 1 foot = 0.3048 m; 1 inch = 25.4mm; 1 mph = 1.6093 km/hr Supporting Roof or Non-Load-bearing Wall
20
30
This table is based on reinforcing bars with a minimum yield strength of 40,000 psi [276 MPa] and concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa]. 2 Deflection criterion is L/240, where L is the height of the wall story in inches. 3 Interpolation shall not be permitted. 4 Reinforcement spacing for 3" [88.9mm] walls shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.6 when reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi [414 MPa] is used. Reinforcement shall not be less than one #4 bar at 48" [1.2 m] on center. 5 Reinforcement spacing for 5" [139.7mm] walls shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.5 when reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi [414 MPa] is used. Reinforcement shall not be less than one #4 bar at 48" [1.2 m] on center.
July 2009
Appendix B
Page 167
PRODUCT MANUAL
TABLE 5.5
MINIMUM PERCENTAGE OF SOLID WALL LENGTH ALONG EXTERIOR WALL LINES FOR SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY C AND D
1,2
ICF Wall Type and Minimum Wall Thickness (inches) Seismic Design Category C3 Seismic Design Category D14 Seismic Design Category D24
1
Minimum Solid Wall Length (percent) One-Story or Wall Supporting Light Wall Supporting ICF Top Story of Frame Second Story Second Story and Roof Two-Story and Roof 20 percent 25 percent 35 percent 25 percent 30 percent 40 percent 30 percent 35 percent 45 percent
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4mm; 1 mph = 1.6093 km/hr

Base percentages are applicable for maximum unsupported wall height of 10-feet [3.0 m], light-frame gable construction, all ICF wall types in Seismic Design Category C, and all ICF wall types with a nominal thickness greater than 5" [140mm] for Seismic Design Category D1 and D2. 2 For all walls, the minimum required length of solid walls shall be based on the table percent value multiplied by the minimum dimension of a rectangle inscribing the overall building plan. 3 Walls shall be reinforced with minimum No. 5 rebar (grade 40 or 60) spaced a maximum of 24" [609.6mm] on center each way or No. 4 rebar (Grade 40 or 60) spaced at a maximum of 16" [406.4mm] on center each way. 4 Walls shall be constructed with a minimum concrete compressive strength of 3,000 psi [20.7 MPa] and reinforced with minimum #5 rebar (Grade 60, ASTM A706) spaced a maximum of 18" [457.2mm] on center each way or No. 4 rebar (Grade 60 ASTM A706) spaced at a maximum of 12" [304.8mm] on center each way.
TABLE 5.6
MINIMUM WALL OPENING REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS IN ICF WALLS
Wall Type and Opening Width, L feet (m) Flat, Waffle-, and Screen-Grid: L < 2 (0.61) Flat, Waffle-, and ScreenGrid: L 2 (0.61) Minimum Horizontal Opening Reinforcement None Required Provide lintels in accordance with Section 5.3. Top and bottom lintel reinforcement shall extend a minimum of 24" [610mm] beyond the limits of the opening. Minimum Vertical Opening Reinforcement None Required
In locations with wind speeds less than or equal to 110 mph [177 km/hr] or in Seismic Design Categories A and B, provide one No. 4 bar for the full height of the wall story within 12" [305mm] of each side of the Provide one No. 4 bar within of 12" opening. [305mm] from the bottom of the opening. Each No. 4 bar shall extend 24" [610mm] In locations with wind speeds greater than beyond the limits of the opening. 110 mph [177 km/hr] or in Seismic Design Categories C, D1 and D2, provide two No. 4 bars or one No. 5 bar for the full height of the wall story within 12" [305mm] of each side of the opening.
Page 168
Appendix B
July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
TABLE 5.7
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CLEAR SPANS FOR ICF LINTELS WITHOUT STIRRUPS IN LOAD-BEARING WALLS (NO. 4 OR NO. 5 BOTTOM BAR SIZE)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Maximum Clear Span (feet inches) Minimum Lintel Thickness, T (inches) Flat ICF Lintel 8 12 16 20 24 8 12 16 20 24 8 12 16 20 24 8 12 16 20 24 2-6 4-2 4-11 6-3 7-7 2-10 4-8 6-5 8-2 9-8 3-6 5-9 7-9 8-8 9-6 4-2 6-7 7-10 8-7 9-4 2-6 4-2 4-8 5-3 6-4 2-6 4-4 5-1 6-6 7-11 2-8 4-5 6-1 7-2 7-11 3-1 5-1 6-4 7-2 7-10 2-6 4-1 4-6 4-11 6-0 2-6 4-3 4-8 6-0 7-4 2-7 4-4 5-7 6-8 7-4 2-9 4-7 5-11 6-8 7-3 2-4 3-10 4-2 4-6 5-6 2-5 3-11 4-2 5-4 6-6 2-5 4-0 4-10 5-11 6-6 2-5 3-11 5-3 5-11 6-6 2-5 3-10 4-2 4-6 5-6 2-6 3-10 4-3 5-5 6-7 2-5 3-10 4-11 6-0 6-7 2-5 4-0 5-4 6-0 6-7 2-4 3-9 5-2 6-3 6-10 2-2 3-7 3-10 4-3 5-2 2-2 3-7 3-10 5-0 6-1 2-2 3-7 4-5 5-5 6-0 2-2 3-7 4-10 5-5 6-0 2-2 3-5 4-8 5-7 6-2 Minimum Lintel Depth, D (inches) Supporting Supporting Supporting ICF Light-Frame Roof Light-Frame Second Second Story and 8 Only Story and Roof Light-Frame Roof Maximum Ground Snow Load (psf) 30 70 30 70 30 70
3.5
5.5
7.5
9.5
Waffle-Grid ICF Lintel 8 2-6 12 4-2 16 5-9 20 7-6 24 9-2 For SI: 1 inch = 25.4mm; 2-6 2-6 2-4 4-2 4-1 3-8 5-8 5-7 5-1 7-4 6-9 6-0 8-1 7-6 6-7 1 psf = 0.0479 kN/m2; 1 ft = 0.3 m
6 or 8
Table values are based on tensile reinforcement with a minimum yield strength of 40,000 psi [276 MPa], concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa], and a building width (floor and roof clear span) of 32 feet [9.8m]. 2 Deflection criterion is L/240, where L is the clear span of the lintel in inches. 3 Linear interpolation shall be permitted between ground snow loads and between lintel depths. 4 Lintel depth, D, shall be permitted to include the available height of ICF wall located directly above the lintel, provided that the increased lintel depth spans the entire length of the opening. 5 Spans located in shaded cells shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.05 when concrete with a minimum compressive strength of 3,000 psi [20.7 MPa] is used or by 1.1 when concrete with a minimum compressive strength of 4,000 psi [27.6 MPa] is used. 6 Spans shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.05 for a building width (floor and roof clear span) of 28 feet [8.5 m]. 7 Spans shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.1 for a building width (floor and roof clear span) of 24 feet [7.3 m] or less. 8 3 Supported ICF wall dead load varies based on wall thickness using 150 pcf [2403 kg/m ] concrete density.
July 2009
Appendix B
Page 169
PRODUCT MANUAL
TABLE 5.8B
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE CLEAR SPANS FOR FLAT ICF LINTELS WITH STIRRUPS IN LOAD-BEARING WALLS (NO. 5 BOTTOM BAR SIZE)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Maximum Clear Span (feet inches) Minimum Lintel Thickness, T (inches) Minimum Lintel Depth, D (inches) Supporting Supporting ICF Light-Frame Second Second Story and Story and Roof Light-Frame Roof 8 Maximum Ground Snow Load (psf) 30 70 30 70 30 70 8 4-9 4-2 3-11 3-7 3-7 3-5 12 7-2 6-3 5-11 5-5 5-5 5-0 16 9-6 8-0 7-4 6-6 6-7 5-11 20 11-1 9-1 8-4 7-5 7-6 6-9 24 12-2 10-0 9-3 8-2 8-4 7-6 8 5-6 4-10 4-7 4-2 4-2 3-10 12 8-3 6-9 6-3 5-6 5-7 5-0 16 9-9 8-0 7-5 6-6 6-7 6-0 20 10-11 9-0 8-4 7-5 7-6 6-9 24 12-0 9-11 9-3 8-2 8-3 7-6 8 6-1 5-2 4-9 4-3 4-3 3-10 12 8-2 6-9 6-3 5-6 5-7 5-0 16 9-7 7-11 7-4 6-6 6-7 6-0 20 10-10 8-11 8-4 7-4 7-6 6-9 24 11-10 9-10 9-2 8-1 8-3 7-5 8 6-4 5-2 4-10 4-3 4-4 3-11 12 8-2 6-8 6-2 5-6 5-7 5-0 16 9-6 7-11 7-4 6-6 6-7 5-11 20 10-8 8-10 8-3 7-4 7-5 6-9 24 11-7 9-9 9-0 8-1 8-2 7-5 For SI: 1 inch = 25.4mm; 1 psf = 0.0479 kN/m2; 1 ft = 0.3 m Supporting Light-Frame Roof Only
3.5
5.5
7.5
9.5
Table values are based on concrete with a minimum specified compressive strength of 2,500 psi [17.2 MPa], reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 40,000 psi [276 MPa], and a building width (floor and roof clear span) of 32 feet [9.8m]. 2 Deflection criterion is L/240, where L is the clear span of the lintel in inches. 3 Linear interpolation is permitted between ground snow loads and between lintel depths. 4 Lintel depth, D, is permitted to include the available height of ICF wall located directly above the lintel, provided that the increased lintel depth spans the entire length of the lintel. 5 Spans located in shaded cells shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.2 when reinforcing steel with a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi [414 MPa] is used. 6 Spans shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.05 for a building width (floor and roof clear span) of 28 feet [8.5 m]. 7 Spans shall be permitted to be multiplied by 1.1 for a building width (floor and roof clear span) of 24 feet [7.3 m] or less. 8 Supported ICF wall dead load is 69 psf [3.3 kPa].
TABLE C3.2
EQUIVALENT FLUID DENSITY SOIL CLASSIFICATION
Maximum Equivalent Fluid Density pcf (kg/m3) 30 [481] 45 [721] 60 [961]
1
UCS Classification GW, GP, SW, SP, GM GC, SM SC, MH, CL, CH, ML-CL
Soil Description Well-drained, cohesionless soils such as clean (few or no fines) sand and gravels Well-drained, cohesionless soils such as sand and gravels containing silt or clay Well-drained, inorganic silts and clays that are broken up into small pieces
UCS - Uniform Soil Classification system
Page 170
Appendix B
July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL
ICC Evaluation
The ICC Evaluation Service, Inc. (www.icc-es.org) combines findings from BOCA, ICBO, SBCCI and CABO Evaluations to provide national US coverage. Quad-Locks report was previously issued as ICBO Report ER-5188.
July 2009
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Appendix B
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A P P E N D I X C - BU I L D I N G C O D E REFERENCES
Because of the proliferation of ICF construction around the world, many countries have begun to include building code references and/or issue product-specific evaluation reports concerning ICFs, especially concerning structural design, fire characteristics and water and vapor resistance. What follows is a synopsis of some relevant code sections, listed by country.
Note:
Check the Quad-Lock web site www.quadlock.com for the latest updates on building code approvals
USA:
Evaluation Reports:
ICC-ES Legacy Report #5188 o This report specifically deals with Quad-Lock Building Systems, Ltd ICFs and conditions for their use in all types of construction. Miami/Dade County, FL o Notice of Acceptance #06-0408.06 New York City, NY o Materials and Equipment Acceptance #71-05-M City of Los Angeles o General Approval # RR25527
2006 International Residential Code (IRC):

Sections R404.4 to R406.2 These sections contain prescriptive rules for Insulating Concrete Form foundations (max 10 ft. high) built with flat, waffle-grid, and screen-grid ICFs. Addressed are: o Applicability limits o Reinforcing specifications o Treatment of foam plastic insulation o Termite hazards o Foundation height o Backfill o Drainage/dampproofing Sections R611 to 611.9.1 These sections contain prescriptive rules for Insulating Concrete Form above-grade buildings built with flat, waffle-grid, and screen-grid ICFs in the USA. Addressed are: o Applicability limits o Concrete mix characteristics o Reinforcing steel o Wall construction o Openings o Multi-story homes o Lintels o Wall length ratios o Wall-to-floor connections Page 176 Appendix C July 2009
PRODUCT MANUAL o o o Sill plate attachment Ledgers, and roof connections Reinforcement schedules for all ICF types are included.
Sections R314.1 to R316 These sections outline the requirements for use of Foam Plastic Insulation in residential structures. Addressed are: o Surface Burning Characteristics o Thermal Barriers o Use in Attics and Crawlspaces o Termite Damage
2006 International Building Code (IBC):

Chapter 19 Concrete Chapter 14 Exterior Walls, Section 1403.2 (1) Chapter 26 - Foam Plastics.
Supporting Documents:
o o o EB 118.02 Prescriptive Method for Insulating Concrete Forms in Residential Construction; NAHB Research Center, Inc. ACI 318-05 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete UL - BXUV.U934 Fire Resistance Ratings - ANSI/UL 263 Quad-Lock Building Systems Ltd. Design No. U934,, July 24, 2007, Bearing Wall Rating - 2, 3 or 4 Hr
CANADA:
National Research Council of Canada:
CCMC Evaluation Report # 12914-R o This report specifically deals with Quad-Lock Building Systems, Ltd ICFs and conditions for their use in all types of construction in Canada.
National Building Code of Canada 2005:

Part 9 Housing and Small Buildings o Section 9.3.1.1 (4) Concrete o Section 9.10.17.10 Protection of Foamed Plastics o Section 9.13 Dampproofing, Waterproofing, and Soil Gas Control o Section 9.15.4 Foundation Walls o Section 9.20.17 Above Ground Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls o Section 9.27.2 Minimum Protection from Precipitation Ingress Part 5 - Environmental Separation and Division A, Appendix A.
Canadian Provincial Building Codes:

Most Canadian provinces have adopted their own building code, generally based on the NBC. differences may exist, and builders should check with local building officials before construction. Regional
Supporting Documents:
o o July 2009 CSA A23.3 Design of Concrete Structures ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete Appendix C Page 177
PRODUCT MANUAL o ULC - BXUVC.W019 Fire Resistance Ratings Quad-Lock Building Systems Ltd. Design No. W019, July 24, 2007, Bearing Wall Rating - 2, 3 or 4 Hr
UK:
Evaluation Report:
BBA Agremnt Certificate #06/4347 Report outlines the areas of Quad-Locks compliance with building regulations in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. Addressed in this report are: o Practicability of Installation o Structural Strength and Stability o Thermal Performance o Condensation o Sound Insulation o Weathertightness o Dampproofing/Waterproofing o Behaviour in Relation to Fire o Proximity of Flues and Appliances o Maintenance and Repair o Durability
CE (EUROPE):
ETA-06/0189 & Annex
GERMANY:
Zulassung Z-15.2.205 vom Deutschen Institut fr Bautechnik, Berlin (Anlagen)
SOUTH AFRICA:
SABS Report No. 2538/1357/07
ROMANIA:
Aviz Tehnic 1-44/15.07.2004 of CTPC-1; Agrement Tehnic 008-01/049-2004
BAHAMAS:
MOW&U/BC/24/14
Page 178
Appendix C
July 2009

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PRODUCT MANUAL

July 2009 Version 2.20

Table of Contents 1 Introduction__________________________________________________________ 1

2 Design & Construction Details _________________________________________ 17

4 Interior and Exterior Finishes _________________________________________ 100

5 Water/Damp-Proofing________________________________________________ 115 6 Concrete and Rebar _________________________________________________ 118

7 Quad-Deck Floor and Roof System ____________________________________ 129

8 Technical Specifications _____________________________________________ 137

9 Primer: Air Circulation _______________________________________________ 146

Figure 1: Quad-Lock Components

Regular Quad-Lock Panel

Figure 2: Regular Quad-Lock Panel July 2009 Chapter 1 Introduction Page 3

Quad-Lock Plus Panel

Figure 3: Quad-Lock Plus Panel

Figure 4: Quad-Lock Plus - Positioning of Ties

Figure 5: Quad-Lock FS Panel - Position of Fastening Strips

Quad-Lock Plus-FS Panel

Figure 6: Quad-Lock Plus-FS Panel - Position of Fastening Strips

12" [300mm] RED TIE

10" [250mm] GREEN TIE

8" [200mm] YELLOW TIE

6" [250mm] BLUE TIE

4" [100mm] BLACK TIE

Figure 10: Tie Layout Front View Dimensions

Figure 11: Quad-Lock Extender Tie

Brick Ledge Tie

Figure 12: Wall Transition with Brick Ledge Tie

Slab Tie & Bracket System

Figure 14: Slab Tie & Slab Bracket Assembly

Quad-Lock Metal Brackets

Figure 17: Window Bracket Figure 18: End Cap Assembly

Quad-Lock Metal Track and Wire Top Ties

Figure 19: Metal Track at Top and Bottom

Wire Top Ties

Figure 21: Flex-C Trac

Flex-C Angle Trac (single-side track required for Plus Panels)

DESIGNING WITH QUAD-LOCK

Guide to Code Compliance

Best Material Utilization Practices:

ADVANTAGES, FEATURES AND BENEFITS

2 DE S I GN & C ONS T RUC T I ON D E TA I L S

Getting Started Plan, Plan, Plan

Fully Extendable Utility Knife

48" [50-60cm] or Laser Level

Screw Gun Figure 22: Tools for the project Page 18

Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details

Cutting Quad-Lock Components

Figure 23: Split Tie Figure 24: Cut Flanges

Cutting Metal Components

Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details

Figure 25: Wall Widths and Insulating Values

Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details

Stepped Footing Detail

METAL TRACK OR 2x [38mm WIDE] TOE PLATE SECURELY FASTENED

Adjustment to Odd Step Elevations:

Panels Too Tall:

Maintaining lay-out at succeeding footing steps:

Taper Panels to Correct Out-Of-Level Footings

Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details

Figure 28: Panels Tapered to Compensate for out-of-level Footing

Chapter 2 Design & Construction Details

20 Gauge Galvanized Steel = 0.0325" [0.8255mm] Min.

1 8 " [3mm] @ 24" [610mm] O.C.

5 Water/Damp-Proofing 115 6 Concrete and Rebar _ 118